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You searched for: Publication Year 2019 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2019 Source 2019 v.19 no.4 Remove constraint Source: 2019 v.19 no.4
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1. Abundance, contribution, and possible driver of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in various types of aquatic ecosystems

Author:
Weidong Wang; Weiyue Liu; Shanyun Wang; Mengzi Wang; Xi-En Long; Guibing Zhu
Source:
Journal of soils and sediments 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 2114-2125
ISSN:
1439-0108
Subject:
Archaea; ammonia; ammonium; aquatic ecosystems; carbon; community structure; dicyandiamide; genes; habitats; isotope labeling; lakes; nitrate nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; oxidation; pH; phylogeny; rivers; sequence analysis
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: In some habitats, ammonia oxidation highly depends on the activity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), which are therefore important for studying biogeochemical nitrogen cycling. However, the behavior and distribution of AOA in aquatic ecosystems are not well characterized, especially on a global scale. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We sampled 66 sites across all five continents to analyze the g ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11368-018-2188-8

2. Adaptive irrigation measures in response to extreme weather events: empirical evidence from the North China plain

Author:
Jinxia Wang; Yu Yang; Jikun Huang; Bhim Adhikari
Source:
Regional environmental change 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 1009-1022
ISSN:
1436-3798
Subject:
climate change; drought; farmers; information services; infrastructure; irrigation; issues and policy; risk reduction; China
Abstract:
... Growing evidence indicates that climate change will exacerbate the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events, particularly drought. The North China plain is an important agricultural production region that is subject to a significant shortage of water and is often hit by extreme weather events, particularly drought. Therefore, this study aims to examine how farmers in the North China plain ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10113-018-1442-3

3. Ammonia-oxidizing bacterial and archaeal communities in tropical bioaugmented zero water exchange shrimp production systems

Author:
Ramya R. Nair; R. Boobal; S. Vrinda; I. S. Bright Singh; Joseph Valsamma
Source:
Journal of soils and sediments 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 2126-2142
ISSN:
1439-0108
Subject:
Archaea; Nitrosomonas; ammonia; ammonia monooxygenase; anaerobic ammonium oxidation; aquaculture systems; bioaugmentation; dissolved oxygen; environmental factors; gene dosage; genes; metagenomics; nitrifying bacteria; oxidation; pH; ponds; production technology; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; redox potential; salinity; sediments; shrimp; shrimp culture; temperature; total organic carbon
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: Ammonia oxidation is an important process in the removal of ammonia generated from feed and metabolic wastes in aquaculture systems. Considering the biogeochemical importance of ammonia oxidation in bioaugmented zero water exchange aquaculture systems, the diversity and abundance of bacterial and archaeal ammonia-oxidizing communities were analyzed in three selected ponds at different tim ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11368-018-2185-y

4. Assessing the influence of sample tagging and library preparation on DNA metabarcoding

Author:
Vera M. A. Zizka; Vasco Elbrecht; Jan‐Niklas Macher; Florian Leese
Source:
Molecular ecology resources 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 893-899
ISSN:
1755-098X
Subject:
DNA barcoding; community structure; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; polymerase chain reaction; prices; species diversity
Abstract:
... Metabarcoding is increasingly used to assess species diversity by high‐throughput sequencing where millions of sequences can be generated in parallel and multiple samples can be analysed in one sequencing run. Generating amplified fragments with a unique sequence identifier ('tag') for each sample is crucial, as it allows assigning sequences to the original samples. The tagging through so‐called f ...
DOI:
10.1111/1755-0998.13018

5. Avian mitochondrial genomes retrieved from museum eggshell

Author:
Alicia Grealy; Michael Bunce; Clare E Holleley
Source:
Molecular ecology resources 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 1052-1062
ISSN:
1755-098X
Subject:
DNA; DNA fragmentation; birds; cost effectiveness; crystal structure; egg shell; eggs; extinction; genomics; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; mitochondrial genome; temporal variation
Abstract:
... Avian eggshell is a bio‐ceramic material with exceptional properties for preserving DNA within its crystalline structure, presenting an opportunity to retrieve genomic information from extinct or historical populations of birds. However, intracrystalline DNA has only been recovered from the large, thick eggshell of palaeognaths; members of their more‐diverse sister group (neognaths) lay smaller, t ...
DOI:
10.1111/1755-0998.13007

6. Bartonellae of Synanthropic Four-Striped Mice (Rhabdomys pumilio) from the Western Cape Province, South Africa

Author:
Luiza Hatyoka; Götz Froeschke; Dewald Kleynhans; Luther van der Mescht; Sean Heighton; Sonja Matthee; Armanda Bastos
Source:
Vector borne and zoonotic diseases 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 242-248
ISSN:
1557-7759
Subject:
Bartonella; Siphonaptera; conservation areas; domestic animals; genome; internal transcribed spacers; landscapes; mice; multilocus sequence typing; phylogeny; polymerase chain reaction; screening; synanthropes; wild animals; South Africa
Abstract:
... Bartonella is a species-rich bacterial genus that infects a wide variety of wild and domestic animals, including rodents. Despite high levels of murid rodent diversity in Africa, associated Bartonella prevalence and diversity remains understudied, particularly within the southern African subregion. To address this, we sampled endemic four-striped mice, Rhabdomys pumilio, from three rural and two u ...
DOI:
10.1089/vbz.2018.2313

7. Beyond the unions: The Pembillai Orumai women's strike in the south Indian tea belt

Author:
Jayaseelan Raj
Source:
Journal of agrarian change 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 671-689
ISSN:
1471-0358
Subject:
labor; labor unions; socioeconomics; tea; women
Abstract:
... The article examines an extraordinary wildcat strike led by women tea workers against a giant tea plantation company and dominant trade unions in the south Indian tea belt of Munnar. It employs situational analysis to examine the larger processes that led to the strike, implications for the workers, and to the wider socio‐economic relations in the tea belt. It is argued here that in addition to th ...
DOI:
10.1111/joac.12331

8. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals by Cyperus malaccensis and Spartina alterniflora in a typical subtropical estuary (Min River) of Southeast China

Author:
Zhigao Sun; Jiabing Li; Tao He; Liping Tian; Jing Li; Xiao Li
Source:
Journal of soils and sediments 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 2061-2075
ISSN:
1439-0108
Subject:
Cyperus malaccensis; Spartina alterniflora; atomic absorption spectrometry; bioaccumulation; chromium; clay; copper; estuaries; flooded conditions; heavy metals; indicator species; lead; littoral zone; marshes; nickel; organic matter; pollution control; pollution load; rivers; sediments; sorption; tissues; zinc; China
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: To understand the bioaccumulation of heavy metals by Cyperus malaccensis (CM) and Spartina alterniflora (SA) in a typical subtropical estuary (Min River) of Southeast China, the concentrations of five metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni) in plants and sediments of CM and SA marshes were determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two experimental plots (no flooding plot and flooding plot) were establis ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11368-018-2177-y

9. Biochar amendment of chromium-polluted paddy soil suppresses greenhouse gas emissions and decreases chromium uptake by rice grain

Author:
Jiangmin Zhou; Hualin Chen; Yueliang Tao; Ronald W. Thring; Jianliang Mao
Source:
Journal of soils and sediments 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 1756-1766
ISSN:
1439-0108
Subject:
application rate; bioavailability; biochar; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chromium; food chain; grain yield; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; harvesting; methane; nitrous oxide; paddies; paddy soils; pollution; remediation; rice; risk; soil aggregates; soil microorganisms; soil organic carbon; soil properties; China
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: Soil chromium (Cr) pollution has received substantial attention owing to related food chain health risks and possible promotion of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The aim of the present study was to develop a promising remediation technology to alleviate Cr bioavailability and decrease GHG emissions in Cr-polluted paddy soil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the potential role of bi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11368-018-2170-5

10. Biochemical properties of tree ripened and post harvest ripened Mangifera indica (cv. East Indian)

Author:
Kimberley A. Blissett; Machel Emanuel; Andrea Goldson Barnaby
Source:
International journal of fruit science 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 452-463
ISSN:
1553-8621
Subject:
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Mangifera indica; antioxidant activity; free radical scavengers; mangoes; market value; pH; quantitative analysis; reducing sugars; retail marketing; sugar content; taste; titratable acidity; total soluble solids; trees; Jamaica
Abstract:
... Mangifera indica (cv. East Indian) is a premium cultivar in Jamaica and the diaspora, attracting high market value through retail trade. Many Jamaicans prefer to consume tree-ripened East Indian mangoes, citing better taste compared to mangoes ripened during storage. This study was undertaken to evaluate if there was a difference in the biochemical qualities of East Indian mangoes based on whether ...
DOI:
10.1080/15538362.2019.1596866

11. Carbon dioxide emissions from the Geheyan Reservoir over the Qingjiang River Basin, China

Author:
De-bao Tan; Teng-fei Luo; Deng-zhong Zhao; Chong Li
Source:
International journal of ecohydrology & hydrobiology 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 499-514
ISSN:
1642-3593
Subject:
carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide production; dams (hydrology); drawdown; environmental factors; flood control; greenhouse gas emissions; monitoring; seasonal variation; spring; summer; water power; water temperature; watersheds; China
Abstract:
... In recent years, researchers have given an increasing amount of attention to carbon matter interception and greenhouse gas emissions from large hydropower reservoirs. The Geheyan Reservoir was selected as a typical canyon case to carry out continuous measurements of greenhouse gas fluxes from March 2015 to February 2016. Carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes from the interface between the water and atmosphe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.03.006

12. Carbon dioxide measurement in Irish blanket peatlands: An assessment of pool-soil flux variability

Author:
Mariya Radomski; Alan Gilmer; Vivienne Byers; Eugene McGovern
Source:
International journal of ecohydrology & hydrobiology 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 487-498
ISSN:
1642-3593
Subject:
carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; climate change; ecosystems; hydrodynamics; landscapes; monitoring; peat; peatlands; soil water; temperature; winter
Abstract:
... Peatlands have been recognised as having a significant role in the mediation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels with direct implications for global climate change. Longitudinal in situ measurement systems for CO2 concentrations in blanket peatland ecosystems are difficult to implement where the nature of terrestrial–aquatic connectivity and hydrodynamics have a significant effect on the ca ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.02.001

13. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stocks differ among vegetation patch types in a degraded alpine steppe

Author:
Yan Yan; Linlin Tian; Ziyin Du; Scott X. Chang; Yanjiang Cai
Source:
Journal of soils and sediments 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 1809-1819
ISSN:
1439-0108
Subject:
Artemisia; Leontopodium; Oxytropis proboscidea; Poa; Stipa; alpine grasslands; carbon sequestration; ecosystems; growing season; nitrogen; nutrient density; palatability; phosphorus; phytomass; roots; shoots; soil; soil organic carbon; steppes; China
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: Degradation of grassland creates diverse vegetation patch types with plant species with different palatabilities, potentially affecting ecosystem productivity and soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. This study investigated variations in SOC densities and carbon/nitrogen/phosphorus (C/N/P) ratios among vegetation patch types in a degraded alpine steppe on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11368-018-2191-0

14. Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Conventionally and Organically Reared Suckling Dairy Goat Kids of the Payoya Breed

Author:
José Luis Guzmán; Francisco de la Vega; Luis Ángel Zarazaga; Anastasio Argüello; Manuel Delgado-Pertíñez
Source:
Annals of animal science 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 1143-1159
ISSN:
2300-8733
Subject:
body weight; carcass quality; carcass weight; chemical composition; cold; color; dairy goats; farms; females; males; meat; meat quality; muscles; organic production; slaughter; viability
Abstract:
... The viability of conventional goat farms, such as the native Payoya dairy goat, could be improved by switching to organic production, but product quality needs to be ensured. The present work assesses the carcass and meat quality of Payoya kids raised under conventional and organic grazing-based systems. Twenty-four kids (12 males, 12 females) were selected from each system (n = 48). The slaughter ...
DOI:
10.2478/aoas-2019-0047

15. Characterization of contamination levels of heavy metals in agricultural soils using geochemical baseline concentrations

Author:
Siping Niu; Liangmin Gao; Xuan Wang
Source:
Journal of soils and sediments 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 1697-1707
ISSN:
1439-0108
Subject:
agricultural soils; atmospheric deposition; chromium; environmental management; frequency distribution; heavy metals; lead; nickel; polluted soils; pollution load; principal component analysis; risk; soil pollution; soil sampling; zinc
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: It is currently very difficult to accurately evaluate the soil contamination by heavy metals (HMs) attributed to the unavailability of local geochemical background values (LGBVs). This study was performed to establish the geochemical baseline concentrations (GBCs), as an alternative for LGBVs to use for HM pollution assessment of agricultural soil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: GBCs of the HMs s ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11368-018-2190-1

16. Chemical and environmental factors driving germination of Solanum americanum seeds

Author:
César Tiago Forte; Ubirajara Russi Nunes; Alberto Cargnelutti Filho; Leandro Galon; Leonardo Chechi; Rodrigo Roso; André Dalponte Menegat; Emanuel De Oliveira Rossetto; Milena Barretta Franceschetti
Source:
Weed biology and management 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 113-120
ISSN:
1444-6162
Subject:
Solanum americanum; chemical treatment; crop residues; crops; environmental factors; exposure duration; germination; gibberellic acid; potassium nitrate; seedling emergence; seedlings; seeds; soil; sowing; temperature; washing; weeds
Abstract:
... Solanum americanum Mill. is a weed that occurs with a number of crops, and it is known for its high seed production and its staggered germination. The objective of this work was to evaluate the germination behavior of S. americanum seeds under the influence of chemical and environmental factors. In the laboratory, we tested the effect on germination of (i) constant and alternating temperatures, (i ...
DOI:
10.1111/wbm.12187

17. Climate change in context: putting people first in the Arctic

Author:
Henry P. Huntington; Mark Carey; Charlene Apok; Bruce C. Forbes; Shari Fox; Lene K. Holm; Aitalina Ivanova; Jacob Jaypoody; George Noongwook; Florian Stammler
Source:
Regional environmental change 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 1217-1223
ISSN:
1436-3798
Subject:
climate; climate change; education; indigenous peoples; issues and policy; poverty; Arctic region
Abstract:
... Climate change is a major challenge to Arctic and other Indigenous peoples, but not the only and often not the most pressing one. We propose re-framing the treatment of climate change in policy and research, to make sure health, poverty, education, cultural vitality, equity, justice, and other topics highlighted by the people themselves and not just climate science also get the attention they dese ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10113-019-01478-8

18. Co-creating a desirable and resilient future for Lienz, Austria—a local case study in socio-economic scenario development

Author:
Ina Meyer; Michiko Hama; Robert Jandl; Markus Leitner; Markus Keuschnig; Ivonne Anders; Oliver Fritz; Helene Berthold; Brigitte Eder
Source:
Regional environmental change 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 1059-1071
ISSN:
1436-3798
Subject:
case studies; decision support systems; educational institutions; issues and policy; manufacturing; population dynamics; risk management; socioeconomics; Austria
Abstract:
... The aim of this case study was to conduct a participatory approach to socio-economic scenario development in the city of Lienz (East Tyrol) and to suggest this process-oriented approach as an element of an integrated guiding and decision support tool for local resilience and risk management to policy makers, business leaders, and civil society. The paper takes a socio-economic perspective and desc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10113-018-1439-y

19. Common flaws in the analysis of river sediments polluted by risk elements and how to avoid them: case study in the Ploučnice River system, Czech Republic

Author:
Štěpánka Tůmová; Diana Hrubešová; Petr Vorm; Michal Hošek; Tomáš Matys Grygar
Source:
Journal of soils and sediments 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 2020-2033
ISSN:
1439-0108
Subject:
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; aluminum; case studies; data collection; environmental monitoring; hydrophobicity; information processing; iron; lead; normal distribution; organic compounds; organic matter; pollution; quartz; risk; rivers; sand; sieving; silt; standard deviation; stream channels; watersheds; zinc; Czech Republic
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: River channel sediments have been widely used to trace current and historical pollution in fluvial systems, although they are not the only media employed for that purpose. The current practice in such use of sediments from sampling strategy, sample pre-treatment and geochemical data processing frequently includes unsubstantiated and redundant steps (e.g., sieving by sub-millimetre meshes) ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11368-018-2215-9

20. Comparison of carbon emissions from the southern and northern tributaries of the Three Gorge Reservoir over the Changjiang River Basin, China

Author:
Dengzhong Zhao; Zhaohui Wang; Debao Tan; Yongbo Chen; Chong Li
Source:
International journal of ecohydrology & hydrobiology 2019 v.19 no.4 pp. 515-528
ISSN:
1642-3593
Subject:
algal blooms; carbon dioxide; clean energy; climate change; drawdown; eutrophication; greenhouse gas emissions; inorganic carbon; methane; methane production; multivariate analysis; organic carbon; rivers; water quality; watersheds; China; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... Greenhouse gas emissions from the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) have received an increasing amount of attention in recent years because of concerns related to regional climate change and clean energy production. The present study compared the greenhouse gas emissions from the Modaoxi and Shennongxi rivers as the southern and northern tributaries of the TGR. Results indicated that mean annual fluxes ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.01.008