U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Https

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Publication Year 2019 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2019 Source 2019 v.22 no.11 Remove constraint Source: 2019 v.22 no.11
Start Over

Search

53  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 20 of 53 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. Analysing child linear growth trajectories among under-5 children in two Nairobi informal settlements

Author:
Cheikh Mbacké Faye; Sharon Fonn; Jonathan Levin; Elizabeth Kimani-Murage
Source:
Public health nutrition 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 2001-2011
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
breast feeding; child health; children; equations; females; immunization; linear models; males; marital status; mothers; socioeconomic status; Kenya
Abstract:
... We sought to identify factors associated with linear growth among under-5 children in two urban informal settlements in Nairobi. We used longitudinal data for the period 2007–2012 from under-5 children recruited in the two sites between birth and 23 months and followed up until they reached 5 years of age. We fitted a generalized linear model on height-for-age Z-scores using the generalized estima ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980019000491
PubMed:
30940271 30940271

2. Artificial sweeteners in food and beverage products at school

Author:
Rebecca M Schermbeck; Julien Leider; Elizabeth Piekarz-Porter; Jamie F Chriqui
Source:
Public health nutrition 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1941-1950
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
Food and Drug Administration; USDA; artificial sweeteners; beverages; children; cross-sectional studies; elementary schools; experts; health policy; snacks; vending machines; District of Columbia
Abstract:
... Experts recommend that products containing artificial sweeteners are not marketed to children or sold at schools. The present study aimed to provide a baseline assessment of the extent to which state laws and local school district wellness policies (LWP) address restrictions on the use of artificial sweeteners in competitive foods and beverages (CF&B) sold at schools. A descriptive, cross-sectiona ...
DOI:
10.1017/S136898001800143X
PubMed:
30198458 30198458

3. Assessing Anticancer Potential of Blueberry Flavonoids, Quercetin, Kaempferol, and Gentisic Acid, Through Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Parameters on HCT-116 Cells

Author:
Ebru Demirel Sezer; Latife Merve Oktay; Elif Karadadaş; Hikmet Memmedov; Nur Selvi Gunel; Eser Sözmen
Source:
Journal of medicinal food 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1118-1126
ISSN:
1557-7600
Subject:
2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid; Vaccinium myrtillus; antineoplastic activity; antineoplastic agents; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; apoptosis; blueberries; cytotoxicity; diet; flow cytometry; fruit extracts; kaempferol; liquid chromatography; neoplasms; oxidants; oxidative stress; polyphenols; protein composition; protein microarrays; proteins; quercetin; tandem mass spectrometry; therapeutics
Abstract:
... In recent years, natural products gained popularity with their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects mediated by chemical compounds within their composition. Study results offering them as palliative therapy options in cancer or as anticancer agents with high levels of cytotoxicity brought a new approach to combine cancer treatment protocols with these products. From a different perspective, e ...
DOI:
10.1089/jmf.2019.0098

4. Assessing the causes of diversification slowdowns: temperature‐dependent and diversity‐dependent models receive equivalent support

Author:
Fabien L. Condamine; Jonathan Rolland; Hélène Morlon
Source:
Ecology letters 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1900-1912
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
Cenozoic era; biotic factors; environmental factors; fossils; global cooling; models; phylogeny
Abstract:
... Diversification rates vary over time, yet the factors driving these variations remain unclear. Temporal declines in speciation rates have often been interpreted as the effect of ecological limits, competition, and diversity dependence, emphasising the role of biotic factors. Abiotic factors, such as climate change, are also supposed to have affected diversification rates over geological time scale ...
DOI:
10.1111/ele.13382

5. Association between gestational weight gain and exclusive breast-feeding for the first 6 months postpartum in Chinese women

Author:
Mingkun Tong; Lei Jin; Jianmeng Liu; Zhiwen Li; Hongtian Li; Le Zhang; Rongwei Ye; Aiguo Ren
Source:
Public health nutrition 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 2092-2098
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
Chinese people; breast feeding; child health; guidelines; health services; medicine; monitoring; obesity; randomized clinical trials; weight gain; women; China
Abstract:
... The association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) practices remains unclear. The present study evaluated the association between GWG and EBF in the first 6 months postpartum among primiparas in rural China. The study population was drawn from a previous randomized controlled trial, and the relevant data were obtained from an electronic, population-based perin ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980019000387
PubMed:
30859927 30859927

6. Association of age and colostrum discarding with breast-feeding practice in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analyses

Author:
Sisay Mulugeta Alemu; Yihun Mulugeta Alemu; Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold
Source:
Public health nutrition 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 2063-2082
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
World Health Organization; breast feeding; caregivers; children; colostrum; databases; meta-analysis; mothers; observational studies; regression analysis; statistical models; systematic review; Ethiopia
Abstract:
... To investigate whether maternal/caregiver’s age, infant age (0–6 months) and discarding colostrum affects timely initiation of breast-feeding (TIBF) and exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) in Ethiopia. A systematic search of PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, CINHAL, Web of Science and WHO Global Health Library electronic databases was done for all articles published in English from 2000 to January 2018. Two revi ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980019000314
PubMed:
30846022 30846022

7. Association of eggs with dietary nutrient adequacy and cardiovascular risk factors in US adults

Author:
Melissa M Melough; Sang-Jin Chung; Maria Luz Fernandez; Ock K Chun
Source:
Public health nutrition 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 2033-2042
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
C-reactive protein; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; adults; biomarkers; blood serum; body mass index; calcium; choline; cross-sectional studies; diet recall; eggs; iron; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; minerals; nutrients; regression analysis; risk factors; saturated fats; sociodemographic characteristics; unsaturated fats; vitamins; waist circumference; zinc; United States
Abstract:
... Whole eggs are rich sources of several micronutrients. However, it is not well known how egg consumption contributes to overall nutrient adequacy and how it may relate to CVD risk factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine how whole egg consumption contributes to nutrient intakes and to assess its association with CVD risk factors in US adults. Cross-sectional study. The study was co ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980019000211
PubMed:
30834848 30834848

8. Bactericidal Effect of the Leaf Extract from Musa spp. (AAB Group, Silk Subgroup), cv. “Manzano” Against Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Author:
Gloria María Molina-Salinas; Andrés Humberto Uc-Cachón; Luis Manuel Peña-Rodríguez; Angel de Jesús Dzul-Beh; Rosa María Escobedo Gracía-Medrano
Source:
Journal of medicinal food 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1183-1185
ISSN:
1557-7600
Subject:
Musa; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; air drying; antibacterial properties; cytotoxicity; ethyl acetate; hexane; kidney cells; leaf extracts; leaves; methanol; minimum inhibitory concentration; monkeys; multiple drug resistance; traditional medicine; tuberculosis
Abstract:
... Air-dried leaves of a Musa spp. AAB, cv. “Manzano” plant, known as Ja'as in the Maya culture, were sequentially extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol; the resulting extracts were investigated for their antimycobacterial activity against susceptible and drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) using the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay. Both the n-hexane extract (HE) and ...
DOI:
10.1089/jmf.2019.0075
PubMed:
31268391
PubMed Central:
PMC6862945

9. Bias in the detection of negative density dependence in plant communities

Author:
Matteo Detto; Marco D. Visser; S. Joseph Wright; Stephen W. Pacala
Source:
Ecology letters 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1923-1939
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
interspecific competition; intraspecific competition; plant communities; rare species; statistical inference
Abstract:
... Regression dilution is a statistical inference bias that causes underestimation of the strength of dependency between two variables when the predictors are error‐prone proxies (EPPs). EPPs are widely used in plant community studies focused on negative density‐dependence (NDD) to quantify competitive interactions. Because of the nature of the bias, conspecific NDD is often overestimated in recruitm ...
DOI:
10.1111/ele.13372

10. Biomass encounter rates limit the size scaling of feeding interactions

Author:
Daniel Barrios‐O’Neill; Ruth Kelly; Mark C. Emmerson
Source:
Ecology letters 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1870-1878
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
benthic organisms; biomass; data collection; ecosystems; models
Abstract:
... The rate that consumers encounter resources in space necessarily limits the strength of feeding interactions that shape ecosystems. To explore the link between encounters and feeding, we first compiled the largest available dataset of interactions in the marine benthos by extracting data from published studies and generating new data. These data indicate that the size‐scaling of feeding interactio ...
DOI:
10.1111/ele.13380
PubMed:
31436021
PubMed Central:
PMC6852157

11. Dietary Management of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Author:
Tanyaporn Kaenkumchorn; Anil Kesavan
Source:
Journal of medicinal food 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1092-1099
ISSN:
1557-7600
Subject:
Crohn disease; adverse effects; carbohydrates; colitis; curcumin; databases; dietary supplements; enteral feeding; environmental factors; inflammation; intestines; malnutrition; omega-3 fatty acids; pathogenesis; prospective studies
Abstract:
... Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a life-long relapsing and remitting condition characterized by inflammation of the intestine. While the exact pathogenesis of IBD is unclear, the current belief is that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in development of disease. Management options include nutritional, pharmacological, and ...
DOI:
10.1089/jmf.2019.0063

12. Dietary calcium intake and the risk of metabolic syndrome: evidence from observational studies

Author:
Lixiao Cheng; Danqing Hu; Wenjie Jiang
Source:
Public health nutrition 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 2055-2062
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
calcium; cohort studies; cross-sectional studies; dose response; food intake; meta-analysis; metabolic syndrome; observational studies; risk; risk reduction; statistical models
Abstract:
... Epidemiological investigations evaluating the association of dietary Ca intake with metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk have yielded controversial results. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively summarize the association between dietary Ca intake and the risk of MetS. PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published up to October 2018. The pooled OR an ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980019000247
PubMed:
30846011 30846011

13. Dietary changes during the Great Recession in Portugal: comparing the 2005/2006 and the 2014 health surveys

Author:
Ricardo Alves; Julian Perelman
Source:
Public health nutrition 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1971-1978
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
Mediterranean diet; breads; desserts; eating habits; economic recession; educational status; elderly; fish; fish consumption; food groups; fruits; health surveys; legumes; meat; pasta; potatoes; probability; rice; soups; sweets; young adults; Portugal
Abstract:
... We aimed at analysing changes in consumption of selected food groups in the Portuguese population before and after the Great Recession, which hit the country between 2008 and 2013. We used pooled cross-sectional data from the Portuguese National Health Interview Surveys of 2005/2006 and 2014. We modelled the probability of consumption of soup, fish, meat, potatoes/rice/pasta, bread, legumes, fruit ...
DOI:
10.1017/S136898001800410X
PubMed:
30898181 30898181

14. Do prey select for vacant hunting domains to minimize a multi‐predator threat?

Author:
Michel T. Kohl; Toni K. Ruth; Matthew C. Metz; Daniel R. Stahler; Douglas W. Smith; P.J. White; Daniel R. MacNulty
Source:
Ecology letters 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1724-1733
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
Canis lupus; Cervus elaphus; Puma concolor; ecosystems; elks; predation; predators; risk; sympatry; wolves
Abstract:
... Many ecosystems contain sympatric predator species that hunt in different places and times. We tested whether this provides vacant hunting domains, places and times where and when predators are least active, that prey use to minimize threats from multiple predators simultaneously. We measured how northern Yellowstone elk (Cervus elaphus) responded to wolves (Canis lupus) and cougars (Puma concolor ...
DOI:
10.1111/ele.13319

15. Echinacea purpurea Root Extract Increases Tumor Necrosis Factor Production by Concanavalin A-Activated Murine Splenocytes

Author:
Mikaela P. Cadiz; Mackenzie R. Schara; Bailey H. Kemp; Rachel M. Gibbons Johnson
Source:
Journal of medicinal food 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1146-1150
ISSN:
1557-7600
Subject:
Echinacea purpurea; concanavalin A; dose response; immune system; immunomodulators; interferon-gamma; interleukin-2; mice; splenocytes; traditional medicine; tumor necrosis factors
Abstract:
... Echinacea purpurea is a common herbal remedy used to treat a variety of illnesses, though its health benefits and effects on the immune system have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of E. purpurea root extract on the survival of concanavalin A (ConA)-activated murine splenocytes and the production of the cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), a ...
DOI:
10.1089/jmf.2019.0065

16. Ecological memory of daily carbon exchange across the globe and its importance in drylands

Author:
Yao Liu; Christopher R. Schwalm; Kimberly E. Samuels‐Crow; Kiona Ogle
Source:
Ecology letters 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1806-1816
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
arid lands; carbon; carbon cycle; ecosystems; eddy covariance; metabolism; models; net ecosystem exchange; prediction; water stress
Abstract:
... How do antecedent (past) conditions influence land‐carbon dynamics after those conditions no longer persist? In particular, quantifying such memory effects associated with the influence of past environmental (exogenous) and biological (endogenous) conditions is crucial for understanding and predicting the carbon cycle. Here we show, using data from 42 eddy covariance sites across six major biomes, ...
DOI:
10.1111/ele.13363

17. Elevated highly sensitive C-reactive protein and d-dimer levels are associated with food insecurity among people living with HIV in Pune, India

Author:
Sandesh Patil; Dileep Kadam; Nicky Mehtani; Shashikala Sangle; Ivan Marbaniang; Vandana Kulkarni; Dhananjay Shere; Prasad Deshpande; Gauri Dhumal; Nishi Suryavanshi; Nikhil Gupte; Robert Bollinger; Andrea DeLuca; Neetal Nevrekar; Pramila Menon; Rama Kawade; Mansi Patil; Amita Gupta; Vidya Mave
Source:
Public health nutrition 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 2022-2029
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
C-reactive protein; Human immunodeficiency virus; adults; antiretroviral agents; biomarkers; cross-sectional studies; food security; hospitals; household income; morbidity; mortality; prospective studies; regression analysis; risk factors; socioeconomics; therapeutics; India
Abstract:
... To assess the prevalence and determinants of food insecurity among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Pune, India and its association with biomarkers known to confer increased risks of morbidity and mortality in this population. Cross-sectional analysis assessing food insecurity using the standardized Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Participants were dichotomized into two groups: food insecu ...
DOI:
10.1017/S136898001900020X
PubMed:
30827288 30827288

18. Ethiopia’s high childhood undernutrition explained: analysis of the prevalence and key correlates based on recent nationally representative data

Author:
Tafere Gebreegziabher; Nigatu Regassa
Source:
Public health nutrition 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 2099-2109
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
anemia; body mass index; childhood; children; drinking water; females; growth retardation; health services; household income; low birth weight; malnutrition; mothers; nutrition education; risk factors; rural areas; underweight; Ethiopia
Abstract:
... To examine the contribution of child, maternal and household factors in stunting, wasting and underweight among children under 5 years in Ethiopia. Quantitative cross-sectional design based on nationally representative data. Urban and rural areas of Ethiopia. Younger (0–24 months; n 4199) and older age groups (25–59 months; n 5497), giving a total of 9696 children. Among the younger age group, 29 ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980019000569
PubMed:
30894232 30894232

19. Evolution of resource specialisation in competitive metacommunities

Author:
Jonas Wickman; Sebastian Diehl; Åke Brännström
Source:
Ecology letters 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1746-1756
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
evolution; models; sympatry
Abstract:
... Spatial environmental heterogeneity coupled with dispersal can promote ecological persistence of diverse metacommunities. Does this premise hold when metacommunities evolve? Using a two‐resource competition model, we studied the evolution of resource‐uptake specialisation as a function of resource type (substitutable to essential) and shape of the trade‐off between resource uptake affinities (gene ...
DOI:
10.1111/ele.13338
PubMed:
31389134
PubMed Central:
PMC6852178

20. Evolutionary drivers of seasonal plumage colours: colour change by moult correlates with sexual selection, predation risk and seasonality across passerines

Author:
Alexandra McQueen; Bart Kempenaers; James Dale; Mihai Valcu; Zachary T. Emery; Cody J. Dey; Anne Peters; Kaspar Delhey
Source:
Ecology letters 2019 v.22 no.11 pp. 1838-1849
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
Passeriformes; breeding; climate; color; mating systems; migratory birds; molting; plumage; polygyny; predation; risk; sexual selection
Abstract:
... Some birds undergo seasonal colour change by moulting twice each year, typically alternating between a cryptic, non‐breeding plumage and a conspicuous, breeding plumage (‘seasonal plumage colours’). We test for potential drivers of the evolution of seasonal plumage colours in all passerines (N = 5901 species, c. 60% of all birds). Seasonal plumage colours are uncommon, having appeared on multiple ...
DOI:
10.1111/ele.13375