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- Author:
- Nandini Velho; Ruth S. DeFries; Anja Tolonen; Umesh Srinivasan; Aditi Patil
- Source:
- Ambio 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 160-171
- ISSN:
- 0044-7447
- Subject:
- assets; conservation areas; cooking; education; forest resources; forests; herd size; household income; households; liquid petroleum gas; livestock; nontimber forest products; poverty; socioeconomic factors; wood
- Abstract:
- ... A large number of economically disadvantaged people live around protected areas. Conservation efforts that focus on poverty alleviation, work on the premise that an increase in household wealth decreases use of forest resources. We surveyed 1222 households across four tiger reserves to test the paradigm that an increase in assets leads to reduced forest use and we also assess the effects of other ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13280-018-1064-5
- PubMed:
- 29949080
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6346598
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-018-1064-5
- Author:
- L.H. Feng; Y.Q. Li; G.J. Sun; X.Z. Zhao
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 169-176
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- DNA; Monascus; Staphylococcus aureus; antibacterial properties; cell membranes; pigments; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy
- Abstract:
- ... The objective of this work was to research the antibacterial effects of orange pigment, which was separated from Monascus pigments, against Staphylococcus aureus. The increase of the diameter of inhibition zone treated with orange pigment indicated that orange pigment had remarkable antibacterial activities against S. aureus. Orange pigment (10 mg ml⁻¹) had a strong destructive effect on the membr ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.4
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.4
- Author:
- C A Baronio; D Bernardi; M Z Nunes; J Pasinato; F R M Garcia; M Botton
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 356-363
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- Ceratitis capitata; adults; artificial diets; bioassays; experimental design; food deprivation; insects; laboratory experimentation; models; spinosad; toxicity; toxicity testing
- Abstract:
- ... The development of appropriate methodologies for bioassays is of paramount importance to study the methodological factors that may interfere in the experimental design. Thus, laboratory bioassays have become increasingly important for the determination of data that are realistic and replicable. The objective of the study was to develop a bioassay methodology with the ready-to-use toxic bait Succes ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0653-0
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0653-0
- Author:
- J. Vetter
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 229-240
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- Agaricus bisporus; Coprinus comatus; Ganoderma lucidum; Lentinula edodes; anticarcinogenic activity; antimicrobial properties; antioxidant activity; chemical composition; flavonoids; functional foods; ganoderic acid; glycemic effect; immune system; linoleic acid; linolenic acid; metabolism; mushrooms; patients; polysaccharides; sodium; sugars
- Abstract:
- ... Cultivated mushrooms are not only valuable foods of our age (functional foods) but contain certain beneficial chemical components (high level of K and P, very low content of Na, considerable quantities of some microelements, high and valuable protein but low fat contents). Some cultivated mushrooms have anti-carcinogenic effects caused first of all by polysaccharides (Lentinan: Lentinula edodes) a ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.11
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.11
- Author:
- Mario J. Muñoz-Batista; María M. Ballari; Anna Kubacka; Orlando M. Alfano; Marcos Fernández-García
- Source:
- Chemical Society reviews 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 637-682
- ISSN:
- 1460-4744
- Subject:
- energy; photocatalysis; spectral analysis; spectroscopy
- Abstract:
- ... The combination of kinetic and spectroscopic tools has become a key scientific methodology for the understanding of catalytic behavior but its application in photocatalysis has inherent difficulties due to the nature of the energy source of the reaction. This review article provides an overview of its use by, first, presenting mechanistically derived kinetic formulations and spectroscopic data han ...
- DOI:
- 10.1039/c8cs00108a
- https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00108a
- Author:
- P H B Togni; M Venzon; A C G Lagôa; E R Sujii
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 175-185
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- agroecology; biodiversity conservation; biological control; biological control agents; business enterprises; crop production; ecosystem services; environmental health; food production; human health; humans; insecticides; laws and regulations; markets; organic production; pesticide registration; philosophy; sustainable agriculture; Brazil
- Abstract:
- ... Brazil is one of the main users of chemical pesticides in the world. These products threaten human and environmental health, and many of them are prohibited in countries other than Brazil. This paradigm exists in contrast with worldwide efforts to make the need for food production compatible with biodiversity conservation, preservation of ecosystem services, and human health. In this scenario, the ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-019-00675-8
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-019-00675-8
- Author:
- Nicola Dal Ferro; Maurizio Borin; Alessandra Cardinali; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato; Giuseppe Zanin
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 280-288
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- agroecosystems; conservation buffers; cost effectiveness; crop production; ecosystem services; energy; farm income; farmers; farms; fuelwood; market value; markets; nonpoint source pollution; pollution control; soil; subsidies; water content; water quality; winter; wood drying; Italy
- Abstract:
- ... Vegetated buffer strips (VBS) are recognized as a cost‐effective way to reduce agricultural nonpoint‐source pollution. In agroecosystems with high field fragmentation, only narrow VBS that partially compromise farmers’ revenue are accepted. This study aimed to identify some ecosystem services as provided by VBS in terms of soil and water quality, and VBS performance in terms of wood for energy pur ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.07.0261
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.07.0261
- Author:
- Yao Shi; Yaru Zhang; Jiabao Lin; Xinyi Zhu; Zhaofei Xia
- Source:
- Avian pathology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 148-156
- ISSN:
- 1465-3338
- Subject:
- Pekin; blood coagulation; computed tomography; connective tissues; ducks; erythrocytes; hemorrhage; hindlimbs; histology; mitochondrial membrane; muscles; muscular diseases
- Abstract:
- ... The crus haemorrhage is one of the main causes of carcass defects in Pekin duck processing houses. However, its pathologic features are currently unclear. In order to examine the injury to the hind limb veins and illustrate the pathologic characteristics of crus haemorrhage in Pekin ducks, a total of 68 Pekin ducks with crus haemorrhage (test group) and 10 unaffected ducks (control group) were col ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/03079457.2018.1559922
- https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2018.1559922
- Author:
- Danielle M. Marturello; Feng Wei; Loïc M. Déjardin
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 229-236
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- cats; compliance; descriptive statistics; epoxides; femur; mechanical testing; models; plastic deformation; prostheses; surgery; t-test; torque
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To characterize the torsional structural properties of the feline femur and design a bone model surrogate for mechanical testing of feline orthopedic implants. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental. SAMPLE POPULATION: Paired feline femurs (n = 30) and bone models (8 materials, n = 4/group). METHODS: Femurs were cyclically tested nondestructively in torsion and then loaded to failure. A generic fem ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13136
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13136
- Author:
- Satish C. B. Myneni
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 233-235
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- aquatic environment; biochemical pathways; humic substances; sediments; soil
- Abstract:
- ... Natural organic matter (NOM) is ubiquitous on the Earth surface and influences every biogeochemical reaction wherever it is present, and its impact on reactions varies with its abundance, structure, and chemistry. Because of decades of field and laboratory studies conducted on NOM in different environments, we are moving away from treating it as a black box to developing molecular structure–based ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2019.02.0002c
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2019.02.0002c
- Author:
- Akash GuptaA. G. and S. M. contributed equally to the work.; Shazia Mumtaz; Cheng-Hsuan Li; Irshad Hussain; Vincent M. Rotello
- Source:
- Chemical Society reviews 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 415-427
- ISSN:
- 1460-4744
- Subject:
- anti-infective agents; antibiotic resistance; bacteria; bacterial infections; human health; nanoparticles; neoplasms; virulent strains
- Abstract:
- ... The dramatic increase in antimicrobial resistance for pathogenic bacteria constitutes a key threat to human health. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recently stated that the world is on the verge of entering the “post-antibiotic era”, one where more people will die from bacterial infections than from cancer. Recently, nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as new tools that can be used ...
- DOI:
- 10.1039/c7cs00748e
- PubMed:
- 30462112
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6340759
- https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00748e
- Author:
- P H S Sabino; A S Negrisoli; V Andaló; C C Filgueiras; A Moino Jr; F S Sales
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 314-322
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- Heterorhabditis; Tuta absoluta; additive effect; entomopathogenic nematodes; greenhouses; insecticides; laboratory experimentation; leafminers; mortality; pathogenicity; pesticide application; pupae; soil; tomatoes; viability
- Abstract:
- ... The present research aimed to investigate the compatibility of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) and registered insecticides for the control of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in the tomato crop, as well as the susceptibility of pupae of T. absoluta to EPNs combined with different percentages below the recommended dose of compatible chemical insecticides in laboratory conditions ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0643-2
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0643-2
- Author:
- Roselyne M Labbé; Dana Gagnier; Les Shipp
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 335-342
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Amblyseius swirskii; Frankliniella occidentalis; Neoseiulus cucumeris; cages; eggs; greenhouses; instars; laboratory experimentation; oviposition; pepper; pest management; plant establishment; predation; predatory mites; spring; summer; temperate zones; temperature; vapors; winter
- Abstract:
- ... Under winter and early spring greenhouse growing conditions, suppression of thrips by predatory mites can vary considerably on a species basis. For certain mite species, shorter photoperiods, cooler temperatures, and lower vapor pressures translate to reductions in predation, oviposition, and survival. Therefore, predator species need to be assessed simultaneously to identify those most suitable f ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz017
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz017
- Author:
- L C Forti; R S Camargo; A P P Andrade; G C Catalani; K K A Sousa; A A C Silva; N Caldato; V M Ramos
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 349-355
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- Acromyrmex; active ingredients; chemical control; dyes; fungal growth; fungus gardens; insecticides; laboratory experimentation; leaf-cutting ants; models; toxicity; worker ants
- Abstract:
- ... Our study seeks to discover contamination routes of leaf-cutting worker ants during chemical control by formicide baits. To do so, toxic baits containing fat-soluble tracer dye were provided to colonies of three subspecies of Acromyrmex under laboratory conditions, in order to assess the proportion of dyed workers by size category, as well as dyed internal morphological structures. Results showed ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0652-1
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0652-1
- Author:
- J S Pinto-Júnior; P C Grossi
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 239-245
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- Coleoptera; new species; Brazil
- Abstract:
- ... Two new species of the genus Oxyligyrus Arrow, 1908 from the peruanus species group are described from Brazil and compared with other species of the genus Oxyligyrus limeirai sp. nov., from Maranhão state and Oxyligyrus vazdemelloi sp. nov. from Mato Grosso state. A key to the peruanus complex and a distribution map of their known brazilian localities is also provided. New state records from Brazi ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0627-2
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0627-2
- Author:
- J. Kaur; G. Kaur; S. Sharma
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 204-212
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- color; corn; corn starch; crystal structure; fat replacers; ingredients; lipid content; nanoparticles; particle size; pasting properties; salads; sensory properties; starch; transmission electron microscopy; ultrasonic treatment; viscosity
- Abstract:
- ... Corn starch nanoparticles (SNPs) were prepared by ultrasonication of starch for 40 min at an amplitude of 40%, which modified some properties of starch so that it could be used as a functional ingredient in food products. The cereal SNPs were characterized on the basis of their morphology, particle size, crystallinity, pasting and functional properties. The SNPs were globular in shape as revealed ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.8
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.8
- Author:
- Marc Stutter; Brian Kronvang; Daire Ó hUallacháin; Joachim Rozemeijer
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 236-247
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- aquatic habitat; biodiversity; biomass; buffers; greenhouse gas emissions; nonpoint source pollution; nutrient retention; nutrients; pollution control; riparian buffers; soil water; soluble phosphorus; topography; vegetation; water quality
- Abstract:
- ... Buffer strips between land and waters are widely applied measures in diffuse pollution management, with desired outcomes across other factors. There remains a need for evidence of pollution mitigation and wider habitat and societal benefits across scales. This paper synthesizes a collection of 16 new primary studies and review papers to provide the latest insights into riparian management. We focu ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2019.01.0020
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2019.01.0020
- Author:
- Wanwan Liang; Liem Tran; Gregory J Wiggins; Jerome F Grant; Scott D Stewart; Robert Washington-Allen
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 309-317
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Megacopta cribraria; artificial intelligence; autumn; environmental factors; host plants; human population; landscapes; models; plant density; regression analysis; temperature; wind speed; Georgia
- Abstract:
- ... By the end of 2017, kudzu bug was reported in 652 counties in the United States since it was first observed in Georgia in 2009. Modeling its invasion dynamics is valuable to guide management through early detection and prevention of further invasion. Herein, we initially estimated the spread rate of kudzu bug with county-level invasion records and then determined important spatial factors affectin ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz014
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz014
- Author:
- Lewis R Braswell; Dominic D Reisig; Clyde E Sorenson; Guy D Collins
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 465-477
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Bacillus thuringiensis; Helicoverpa zea; adults; cotton; diet; eggs; financial economics; hosts; instars; larvae; oviposition; transgenic plants
- Abstract:
- ... Bollworm (Helicoverpa zea Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) can cause economic losses in both non-Bt and Bt cotton. Larvae modify their behavior in the presence of Bt by moving away from terminals faster in Bt cotton compared to non-Bt cotton and avoiding Bt-treated diets. Our objectives were to understand differences in bollworm egg and larvae populations within, and dispersal away from, non-Bt an ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz006
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz006
- Author:
- Carl H. Bolster; Claire Baffaut; Nathan O. Nelson; Deanna L. Osmond; Miguel L. Cabrera; John J. Ramirez‐Avila; Andrew N. Sharpley; Tamie L. Veith; Anne M. S. McFarland; Anomaa G. M. M. M. Senaviratne; Gary M. Pierzynski; Ranjith P. Udawatta
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 510-517
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- agricultural land; computer simulation; databases; fertilizer rates; grazing; harvesting; land management; livestock; manure spreading; models; phosphorus; planning; planting; pollution load; prediction; risk; runoff; tillage; Southeastern United States
- Abstract:
- ... Computer models are commonly used for predicting risks of runoff P loss from agricultural fields by enabling simulation of various management practices and climatic scenarios. For P loss models to be useful tools, however, they must accurately predict P loss for a wide range of climatic, physiographic, and land management conditions. A complicating factor in developing and evaluating P loss models ...
- Datasets:
- Data from: Development of PLEAD: a database containing event-based runoff P loadings from agricultural fields
- Handle:
- 10113/6471177
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.09.0337
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.09.0337
21. Discrepancy between true distance of tibial tuberosity advancement and cage size: An ex vivo study
- Author:
- Dong‐Woo Jin; Jeffrey N. Peck; Cheryl A. Tano; Matthew J. Morgan
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 186-191
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- cage size; dogs; foams; risk; surgery; tibia
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To determine the discrepancy between true distance of tibial tuberosity advancement (tTTA) and the most commonly used cages. The null hypothesis was that tTTA would be within 1.5 mm difference of the cage size. STUDY DESIGN: Ex vivo study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Eight foam cortical shell specimens modeled from canine tibias. METHODS: Modified tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) was performe ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13135
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13135
- Author:
- Robert L Meagher; Kristal M Watrous; Shelby J Fleischer; Rodney N Nagoshi; James T Brown; Kristen Bowers; Neil Miller; Stephen D Hight; Jesusa C Legaspi; John K Westbrook
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 343-350
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Crotalaria juncea; Megachile sculpturalis; Nematoda; Sorghum bicolor subsp. drummondii; Xylocopa virginica; bees; biological control; cash crops; crop rotation; cultivars; flowering; flowers; germplasm; habitats; legumes; natural enemies; nectar; nitrogen; organic matter; pollen; pollinators; seeds; soil; warm season; weeds; Florida
- Abstract:
- ... Sunn hemp, Crotalaria juncea L., is a warm-season legume that can be planted in rotation to cash crops to add nitrogen and organic matter to the soils, for weed growth prevention, and to suppress nematode populations. Sunn hemp flowers also provide nectar and pollen for pollinators and enhance biological control by furnishing habitat for natural enemies. Experiments were conducted in Northern and ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvy190
- CHORUS:
- 10.1093/ee/nvy190
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvy190
- Author:
- Aadish Balouria; Sidhartha Deshmukh; H. S. Banga; Ajaz Ahmad; R. S. Brar; Sandeep Sodhi
- Source:
- Avian pathology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 168-177
- ISSN:
- 1465-3338
- Subject:
- Avibacterium paragallinarum; Coturnix japonica; antiserum; bacterial antigens; chickens; farmers; immunoelectrophoresis; immunohistochemistry; microorganisms; nasal cavity; pathogens; polyclonal antibodies; respiratory mucosa; swollen head syndrome; vaccines; virulence
- Abstract:
- ... Infectious coryza (IC) is often a curse for poultry farmers when it occurs concurrently with several pathogens causing swollen head syndrome. The disease is caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum, which inflicts initial damage to the nasal and respiratory epithelium. This facilitates the progression of disease pathology across the nasal cavity, thereby providing a platform for multiplication of opp ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/03079457.2018.1562153
- https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2018.1562153
- Author:
- Cs. Bojtor; Z. Győri; P. Sipos; L. Radócz; B. Tóth
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 253-259
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- Phaseolus vulgaris; Uromyces appendiculatus; bean rust; beans; breeding; chlorophyll; enzyme activity; food production; host plants; humidity; lipid peroxidation; photosynthesis; pigments; superoxide dismutase
- Abstract:
- ... The aim of the study was to investigate changes of photosynthetic efficiency, amount of photosynthetic pigments, superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, and rate of lipid peroxidation in bean-rust interaction. The clarification of the role of the above changes involved in the defence mechanism can significantly contribute to the breeding of plant varieties with natural resistance. Consequently ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.13
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.13
- Author:
- Reza Habibiandehkordi; David A. Lobb; Philip N. Owens; Don N. Flaten
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 314-321
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- agricultural land; calcium chloride; climate; conservation buffers; cutting; eutrophication; fertilizer application; phosphorus; risk; runoff; snowmelt; soil analysis; sorption; subsoil; topsoil; total phosphorus; vegetation; water quality; Manitoba
- Abstract:
- ... The continued phosphorus (P) impairment of freshwaters and the associated risk of eutrophication raise questions regarding the efficiency of current beneficial management practices (BMPs) for improving water quality. Vegetated buffer strips (VBSs) are widely encouraged BMPs for reducing P export from agricultural land. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the long‐term efficiency of VBSs ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.04.0129
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.04.0129
- Author:
- Paul O'Callaghan; Mary Kelly‐Quinn; Eleanor Jennings; Patricia Antunes; Matthew O'Sullivan; Owen Fenton; Daire Ó. hUallacháin
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 340-351
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- anthropogenic activities; biodiversity; cattle; cost effectiveness; environmental impact; freshwater; grazing management; macroinvertebrates; microbial contamination; pathogens; pollutants; streams; vegetation; water supply; watersheds
- Abstract:
- ... The degradation of freshwater resources and loss of freshwater biodiversity by anthropogenic activities, including agriculture, are of major global concern. Together with diffuse pollutants, point sources, such as where cattle have direct access to riparian margins and watercourses, can potentially present significant environmental challenges. These can include impacts on stream morphology, increa ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.04.0167
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.04.0167
27. Evaluation of a prototype dynamic laryngoplasty system in vitro with an equine vacuum airflow system
- Author:
- Benjamin J. Ahern; Emily Lukas; Kimberly Lam; Emma Wilke; Francois‐Rene Bertin; Andrew Van Eps; Samantha Franklin
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 173-179
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- air flow; horses; larynx; models; prototypes; surgery
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a prototype dynamic laryngoplasty system (DLPS) in a static airflow model. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental. SAMPLE POPULATION: Ten equine larynges. METHODS: The right arytenoid was fixed in abduction in all specimens. A left‐sided laryngoplasty was performed with No. 2 Fiberwire and a FASTakII anchor. Each larynx was tested in a static airflow model. The system was adjusted to a ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13137
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13137
- Author:
- Nashua J. Compton; Julie A. Cary; John R. Wenz; John D. Lutter; Colin F. Mitchell; Jennifer Godfrey
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 199-208
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- learning; models; students; surgery; veterinarians; veterinary medicine; veterinary schools
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of peer teaching and deliberate practice on surgical skills acquisition and retention in first‐ and second‐year veterinary students. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized, prospective, comparative study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Eighteen first‐year and 25 second‐year students from 1 college of veterinary medicine who had previously demonstrated proficiency in basic surgical skills. ME ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13117
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13117
- Author:
- Joseph G. Davis; Claude A. Ragle; Ashley Hanna; Andrew T. DeNome
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 192-198
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- angiography; arteries; body condition; euthanasia; horses; prediction; surgery; umbilicus
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To determine the location of the deep and superficial caudal epigastric arteries in relation to 3 midline positions and the relationship between the location of these arteries, body circumference, and body condition score. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive anatomical study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Nine horses, aged 1‐28 years (mean 10.61 ± 8.89 SD). METHODS: Body condition score and body circumferen ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13127
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13127
- Author:
- Pandian Krishnan; Pachampalayam Shanmugam Ananthan; Ramachandran Purvaja; Jeyapaul Joyson Joe Jeevamani; John Amali Infantina; Cherukumalli Srinivasa Rao; Arur Anand; Ranganalli Somashekharappa Mahendra; Iyyapa Sekar; Kalakada Kareemulla; Amit Biswas; Regulagedda Kalpana Sastry; Ramachandran Ramesh
- Source:
- Ambio 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 192-212
- ISSN:
- 0044-7447
- Subject:
- case studies; climate; climate change; coasts; data collection; decision making; floods; planning; risk assessment; saltwater intrusion; socioeconomics; statistical analysis; surveys; tsunamis; villages; India
- Abstract:
- ... The impacts of climate change are of particular concern to the coastal region of tropical countries like India, which are exposed to cyclones, floods, tsunami, seawater intrusion, etc. Climate-change adaptation presupposes comprehensive assessment of vulnerability status. Studies so far relied either on remote sensing-based spatial mapping of physical vulnerability or on certain socio-economic asp ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13280-018-1061-8
- PubMed:
- 29855893
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6346595
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-018-1061-8
- Author:
- Henry Janzen
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 205-206
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- humic substances; sediments; soil; soil analysis
- Abstract:
- ... For centuries, scientists have been probing the nature and dynamics of organic matter in soil and sediment. A prominent approach in this research has been to extract humic substances using a strong alkaline solution. The continuing merits of this time‐honored approach, however, has prompted some recent debate. Does the study of humic substances, as defined by alkaline extraction, still promise fur ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2019.01.0001c
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2019.01.0001c
- Author:
- Gurbir Singh; Jon E. Schoonover; Karl W. J. Williard; Audrey L. Sweet; Jonathan Stewart
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 330-339
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Arundinaria gigantea; Dactylis glomerata; Poa pratensis; Zea mays; agricultural runoff; corn; grasses; infiltration rate; nutrients; phosphorus; riparian buffers; sediments; soil; surface water; total phosphorus; water quality
- Abstract:
- ... Over the past four decades, riparian buffers have proven effective in retaining nutrients and sediment from agricultural runoff. Many grass species have been used with variable success in riparian buffers to improve the water quality of runoff. However, limited information is available on the effectiveness of giant cane [Arundinaria gigantea (Walt.) Muhl] in improving surface water quality compare ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2017.11.0452
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2017.11.0452
- Author:
- Jordi Guillen; Fabrizio Natale; Natacha Carvalho; John Casey; Johann Hofherr; Jean-Noël Druon; Gianluca Fiore; Maurizio Gibin; Antonella Zanzi; Jann Th. Martinsohn
- Source:
- Ambio 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 111-122
- ISSN:
- 0044-7447
- Subject:
- aquaculture; biomass; climate change; fish; fish meal; fish oils; fisheries; models; nutritive value; seafood consumption; seafoods; supply chain
- Abstract:
- ... To ensure food security and nutritional quality for a growing world population in the face of climate change, stagnant capture fisheries production, increasing aquaculture production and competition for natural resources, countries must be accountable for what they consume rather than what they produce. To investigate the sustainability of seafood consumption, we propose a methodology to examine t ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13280-018-1060-9
- PubMed:
- 29845576
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6346599
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-018-1060-9
- Author:
- R.D. Wang; Y.J. Deng; L.J. Sun; Y.L. Wang; Z.J. Fang; D.F. Sun; Q. Deng; R. Gooneratne
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 269-275
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- Vibrio alginolyticus; Vibrio cholerae; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Vibrio vulnificus; eggs; hemolysins; hemolysis; pathogens; thermal stability; virulence
- Abstract:
- ... Growth and haemolytic activity of several pathogenic Vibrio species were compared in egg-fried-rice with different egg ratios. Egg-fried-rice preparations with rice-to-egg ratios of 4:1, 1:1, and 1:4 were inoculated with either Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, V. vulnificus, or V. alginolyticus and incubated for 24 h. Cell number, thermostable direct haemolysin (TDH) activity, and total haemo ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.15
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.15
- Author:
- Graham B. McBride
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 412-420
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- data collection; issues and policy; risk; water quality
- Abstract:
- ... Many policies require reporting on water quality trends. This is usually addressed by testing a hypothesis positing that there was zero slope in some parameter of the sampled population over a given period. Failure to achieve “statistical significance” is often falsely interpreted as evidence that there was no trend of concern—the P‐value of these tests can become ever smaller as the sample size i ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.03.0101
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.03.0101
- Author:
- Anne C Jones; Irmgard Seidl-Adams; Jurgen Engelberth; Charles T Hunter; Hans Alborn; James H Tumlinson
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 419-425
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Bombyx mori; Manduca sexta; Spodoptera exigua; Spodoptera frugiperda; Trichoplusia ni; Zea mays; catalytic activity; ecological function; ecosystems; emissions; heat stability; herbivores; insect larvae; insects; isomerases; leaves; salivary glands; secretion
- Abstract:
- ... Green plants emit green leaf volatiles (GLVs) as a general damage response. These compounds act as signals for the emitter plant, neighboring plants, and even for insects in the ecosystem. However, when oral secretions from certain caterpillars are applied to wounded leaves, GLV emissions are significantly decreased or modified. We examined four caterpillar species representing two lepidopteran fa ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvy191
- CHORUS:
- 10.1093/ee/nvy191
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvy191
- Author:
- D M Silva; A M Auad; J C Moraes; S E B Silva
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 340-348
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- Brachiaria; Miridae; Urochloa brizantha; Urochloa ruziziensis; carbon dioxide; climate; forage; genotype; host plants; insect pests; instars; nymphs; survival rate; trophic levels
- Abstract:
- ... The current study determines the indirect effect of CO₂ level increase on Collaria oleosa (Distant, 1863) (Hemiptera: Miridae) fed on Brachiaria spp. (Poaceae), at two trophic levels, and evaluates resistance to these forages against the insect pest. Mirid bug nymphs and host plant were maintained under four climate environments: (1) nymphs and plants kept at 400 ppm CO₂ level; (2) nymphs kept at ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0640-5
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0640-5
- Author:
- Markus Kleber; Johannes Lehmann
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 207-216
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- alkali treatment; aquatic ecosystems; depolymerization; humic substances; humification; moieties; organic compounds; soil; soil organic matter
- Abstract:
- ... The conceptual rigor of using organic materials extracted from soil by alkali, called humic substances, as proxies for soil organic matter has been questioned for almost 180 years. However, the humic substances paradigm, i.e., the understanding that alkali‐extracted humic substances are newly synthesized materials with unique properties that are distinct from non‐humic organic matter, continues to ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2019.01.0036
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2019.01.0036
- Author:
- Lance L. Frazer; Elizabeth M. Santschi; Kenneth J. Fischer
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 237-246
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- animal tissues; computed tomography; finite element analysis; horses; models; stifle; surgery; yearlings
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To predict bone and medial meniscal stresses and contact pressures in an equine stifle with a medial femoral condyle (MFC) intact or with a 2‐cm³ subchondral bone void, under varying degrees of internal femoral rotation (IFR). STUDY DESIGN: Finite element model (FEM) of a cadaveric equine stifle loaded to 8000 N. METHODS: The FEM was constructed from computed tomography (CT) of the righ ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13139
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13139
- Author:
- Vanessa M. Adams; Morena Mills; Rebecca Weeks; Daniel B. Segan; Robert L. Pressey; Georgina G. Gurney; Craig Groves; Frank W. Davis; Jorge G. Álvarez-Romero
- Source:
- Ambio 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 139-152
- ISSN:
- 0044-7447
- Subject:
- conservation practices; land use; planning; sustainable development
- Abstract:
- ... The field of systematic conservation planning has grown substantially, with hundreds of publications in the peer-reviewed literature and numerous applications to regional conservation planning globally. However, the extent to which systematic conservation plans have influenced management is unclear. This paper analyses factors that facilitate the transition from assessment to implementation in con ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13280-018-1067-2
- PubMed:
- 29949079
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6346603
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-018-1067-2
- Author:
- Tyler A. Groh; Morgan P. Davis; Thomas M. Isenhart; Dan B. Jaynes; Timothy B. Parkin
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 376-384
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- anaerobic conditions; confidence interval; denitrification; drainage water; drinking water; leaching; nitrates; nitrogen; pollution load; riparian buffers; soil; surface water; tile drainage; Gulf of Mexico
- Abstract:
- ... Excess NO₃ leaching from the agricultural Midwest via tile drainage water has contributed to both local drinking water and national Gulf of Mexico benthic hypoxia concerns. Both in‐field and edge‐of‐field practices have been designed to help mitigate NO₃ flux to surface waters. Edge‐of‐field practices focus on maximizing microbial denitrification, the conversion of NO₃ to N₂ gas. This study assess ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.03.0125
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.03.0125
- Author:
- J. J. (Sjaak) de Wit; Aris Malo; Jane K. A. Cook
- Source:
- Avian pathology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 135-147
- ISSN:
- 1465-3338
- Subject:
- abdomen; antibody formation; antigens; egg production; hens; inactivated vaccines; kidneys; live vaccines; neutralization; neutralizing antibodies; pathogens; peritonitis; pullets; vaccination; virulence; viruses
- Abstract:
- ... In an initial study in specified pathogen free (SPF) chickens, a heterologous virus neutralizing (VN) antibody response to IBV variants Q1, Variant 2 (Var 2), D388/QX (D388), D274 and Arkansas (DPI) was observed using a vaccination programme incorporating two different live-attenuated IBV vaccines, followed by boosting with an inactivated vaccine containing IBV Massachusetts (Mass) antigen. Theref ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/03079457.2018.1556778
- https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2018.1556778
- Author:
- Arun Babu; Dominic D Reisig; James F Walgenbach; Ronnie W Heiniger; Wesley Everman
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 444-453
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Euschistus servus; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; agroecosystems; corn; crops; dicamba; imagos; mowing; pesticide application; population density; seedling growth; seedlings; spring; weeds; wheat; North Carolina
- Abstract:
- ... Brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say), is a damaging pest of corn, Zea mays L. (Cyperales: Poaceae), in the southeastern United States. In North Carolina, during the spring, winter-planted wheat, Triticum aestivum L. (Cyperales: Poaceae), serves as the earliest available crop host, and E. servus seems to prefer this crop over seedling corn. In the absence of wheat in the agroecosystem, weeds se ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz016
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz016
- Author:
- Mónica Gandarillas; Helena España; Rosario Gardeweg; Fernando Bas; Eduardo C. Arellano; Sally Brown; Rosanna Ginocchio
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 430-438
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Lolium perenne; biomass; copper; dose response; greenhouse production; greenhouses; intensive livestock farming; leaves; mine tailings; neutralization; nutrient content; odors; ozone; physicochemical properties; phytoremediation; pig manure; roots; shoots; slurries; soil organic matter; swine; toxicity; zinc
- Abstract:
- ... There is high demand for identifying socio‐environmentally sound ways to dispose of large quantities of offensive odor‐generating organic residues produced by intensive livestock farming. The use of these residues as amendments at large‐scale mine tailings storage facilities for in situ plant‐based reclamation may be a useful alternative. We performed a greenhouse assay to evaluate effectiveness o ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2017.11.0431
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2017.11.0431
- Author:
- Elias Van de Vijver; Sofie Landschoot; Martijn Van Roie; Femke Temmerman; Jill Dillen; Kevin De Ceuleners; Guy Smagghe; Bernard De Baets; Geert Haesaert
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 276-283
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Oulema melanopus; discriminant analysis; edge effects; growing season; insect pests; population density; species diversity; winter wheat; Belgium
- Abstract:
- ... Cereal leaf beetles (CLBs), a group of chrysomelid beetles of the genus Oulema (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), are well-known pest insects of small-grain cereals in many countries of the Northern hemisphere. Due to the small differences in morphology of species within this genus, classification up to species level remains a challenging task. Since an accurate view of species composition is important ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz002
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz002
- Author:
- H.M. Manav; O. Gurbuz; D. Cumbul; I.E. Tokat; E. Korkmaz; A.F. Dagdelen
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 187-195
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- Codex Alimentarius; European Union; acetic acid; aqueous solutions; ethanol; markets; melamine; olive oil; Turkey (country)
- Abstract:
- ... Overall and melamine migration have been determined for 60 samples of melamine resin bowls, which were purchased in various local markets in the area of Bursa, Turkey. The samples were exposed to food simulants 3% acetic acid, 10% ethanol aqueous solutions, and rectified (refined) olive oil at 100 °C for 30 min, and 50% ethanol aqueous solutions at 60 °C for 30 min. The LOQ value was calculated as ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.6
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.6
- Author:
- Lawrie K. Brown; Charalampos Kazas; Jenni Stockan; Cathy Hawes; Marc Stutter; Casey M. Ryan; Geoffrey R. Squire; Timothy S. George
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 385-393
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Hordeum vulgare; agricultural land; barley; biomass; green manures; mineral fertilizers; nutrients; plant growth; pollutants; recycling; riparian buffers
- Abstract:
- ... Agriculture needs to reduce inputs of inorganic fertilizers and close the loop on nutrients that can otherwise become environmental pollutants. This can be achieved by promoting recycling of nutrients within the agricultural landscape. We investigated the extent to which plants found in riparian buffer zones have the potential to provide nutrients to crops as a green manure, through plant growth a ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2017.11.0422
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2017.11.0422
- Author:
- Bernard Séguin; Peter J. Walsh; E. J. Ehrhart III; Eva Hayden; Mary H. Lafferty; Laura E. Selmic
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 247-256
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- allografting; autografting; biomechanics; cortex; dogs; drug therapy; excision; metacarpus; osteosarcoma; ulna
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To describe and report outcomes after lateral translation of the manus for limb‐sparing management of distal radial osteosarcoma in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. STUDY POPULATION: Eighteen client‐owned dogs. METHODS: The distal aspect of the affected radius and associated neoplastic tissues were excised. The distal aspect of the ulna was preserved except for its medial ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13132
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13132
- Author:
- Zali Fung; Teerapong Pomun; Katrina J. Charles; Julian Kirchherr
- Source:
- Ambio 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 180-191
- ISSN:
- 0044-7447
- Subject:
- dams (hydrology); farmers; fish; interviews; nongovernmental organizations; social impact; villages; water allocation; watersheds; Thailand
- Abstract:
- ... The social impacts of large dams have been studied extensively. However, small dams’ social impacts have been largely neglected by the academic community. Our paper addresses this gap. We examine the social impacts of multiple small dams in one upstream and one downstream village in Thailand’s Ing River basin. Our research is based on semi-structured interviews with beneficiaries, government and N ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13280-018-1062-7
- PubMed:
- 29797277
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6346596
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-018-1062-7
- Author:
- Yanlan Wang; Didier Astruc; Alaa S. Abd-El-Aziz
- Source:
- Chemical Society reviews 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 558-636
- ISSN:
- 1460-4744
- Subject:
- carbon dioxide; catalysts; climate change; drug resistance; energy; health services; industry; solar energy; therapeutics; thermometers
- Abstract:
- ... Since the development of metallopolymers, there has been tremendous interest in the applications of this type of materials. The interest in these materials stems from their potential use in industry as catalysts, biomedical agents in healthcare, energy storage and production as well as climate change mitigation. The past two decades have clearly shown exponential growth in the development of many ...
- DOI:
- 10.1039/c7cs00656j
- https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00656j
- Author:
- Laura E. Selmic; Megan T. Cray; Josh G. Good; David W. Hummel; Stephen Joslyn
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 257-262
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- Bull Terrier; case studies; dogs; drilling; excision; females; histopathology; intestines; neoplasms; resection; skull; spaying
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To describe modifications to the lateral orbitotomy for surgical excision of tumors affecting the frontal, parietal, palatine, or temporal bones. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. ANIMAL: A 5‐year‐old female spayed American pit bull terrier. METHODS: The dog presented for excision of a bone tumor affecting the right frontal and parietal bones. A modified lateral orbitotomy was performed with c ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13116
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13116
- Author:
- Rachel L. Nifong; Jason M. Taylor; Matthew T. Moore
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 476-484
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- agroecosystems; biodiversity; crop production; denitrification; dissolved organic carbon; eutrophication; gypsum; hardwood; human health; mulches; nitrogen; pollution load; sediments
- Abstract:
- ... Reactive N is an essential input for healthy, vibrant crop production, yet excess N is often transported off field via agricultural ditches to downstream receiving ecosystems, where it can cause negative impacts to human health, biodiversity loss, as well as eutrophication and resultant hypoxia. Denitrification, the transformation of reactive N to unreactive N₂ gas, within agricultural ditches has ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.09.0341
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.09.0341
- Author:
- Yong Liu; Linqi Shi; Linzhu Su; Henny C. van der Mei; Paul C. Jutte; Yijin Ren; Henk J. Busscher
- Source:
- Chemical Society reviews 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 428-446
- ISSN:
- 1460-4744
- Subject:
- anaerobic conditions; anti-infective agents; antibiotic resistance; bacteria; bacterial infections; biofilm; plankton
- Abstract:
- ... Bacterial-infections are mostly due to bacteria in an adhering, biofilm-mode of growth and not due to planktonically growing, suspended-bacteria. Biofilm-bacteria are much more recalcitrant to conventional antimicrobials than planktonic-bacteria due to (1) emergence of new properties of biofilm-bacteria that cannot be predicted on the basis of planktonic properties, (2) low penetration and accumul ...
- DOI:
- 10.1039/c7cs00807d
- https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00807d
- Author:
- D Zeppelini; B C H Lopes; E C A Lima
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 269-276
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- Symphypleona; head; legs; new species; Brazil
- Abstract:
- ... A new species of the genus Szeptyckitheca is described from the Biological Reserve of Serra do Japi, São Paulo State, Brazil. All species of the genus present trochanteral spine on the first and third legs, cephalic chaeta A1 often absent. The presence of spine in all trochanters, chaetal row F in head, and abdominal and antennal segments with long bristles with capitate apex are relevant features ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0630-7
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0630-7
- Author:
- Morgan P. Davis; Tyler A. Groh; Dan B. Jaynes; Timothy B. Parkin; Thomas M. Isenhart
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 261-269
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Glycine max; Zea mays; agricultural land; agroecosystems; air quality; buffers; corn; denitrification; drainage water; estuaries; greenhouse gas emissions; groundwater; nitrates; nitrous oxide; riparian areas; riparian buffers; rivers; sediments; soil profiles; streams; subsurface drainage; surface water; vegetation; water quality; Iowa
- Abstract:
- ... Reestablishing perennial vegetation along riparian areas in agroecosystems reduces nutrient and sediment losses from agricultural lands. However, subsurface (tile) drains bypass traditional buffers routing the majority of shallow groundwater straight to surface waters, limiting their nutrient removal capabilities. Saturated riparian buffers (SRBs) reconnect subsurface drainage water with the soil ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.03.0127
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.03.0127
- Author:
- Xin Yuan; Wen-Wu Zhou; Yan-Dong Jiang; Hang Yu; Sheng-Yong Wu; Yu-Lin Gao; Jia-an Cheng; Zeng-Rong Zhu
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 318-325
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Laodelphax striatellus; Nilaparvata lugens; Sogatella furcifera; biodiversity conservation; community structure; crop production; ecosystem services; human health; irrigation; natural enemies; organic production; paddies; parasitoids; pest control; pesticides; predators; rice; species richness; spraying; China
- Abstract:
- ... Planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, and Laodelphax striatellus) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) are the most important pests affecting rice production. Pesticide spraying for its control may cause harmful effects on human health and the environment, especially the loss of biodiversity. The consequences of these changes on biodiversity and ecological services are well studied in tropica ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz013
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz013
- Author:
- Stefan Jansen; Roelof Stuurman; Wim Chardon; Sheila Ball; Joachim Rozemeijer; Jan Gerritse
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 394-402
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- bioreactors; denitrification; dissolved organic carbon; drainage; edge effects; electricity; energy; ethanol; field experimentation; nitrates; redox potential; silicone; wood chips
- Abstract:
- ... Denitrifying bioreactors are dependent on organic matter supply as a substrate for effective NO₃ removal. In this study, the difference in removal efficiency and side effects when using different organic matter sources and dosing strategies was tested in two field experiments. The organic matter sources tested were woodchips and ethanol. The effect of woodchips was tested using woodchip‐enveloped ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.04.0165
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.04.0165
- Author:
- D. B. Jaynes; T. M. Isenhart
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 289-296
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- agricultural land; bioreactors; buffers; constructed wetlands; denitrification; discount rate; drain pipes; drainage; edge effects; groundwater; landscapes; longevity; nitrates; pollution load; riparian buffers; streams; surface water; tile drainage; tiles; water flow; Iowa
- Abstract:
- ... Nitrate from artificial drainage pipes (tiles) underlying agricultural fields is a major source of reactive N, especially NO₃, in surface waters. A novel approach for reducing NO₃ loss is to intercept a field tile where it crosses a riparian buffer and divert a fraction of the flow as shallow groundwater within the buffer. This practice is called a saturated riparian buffer (SRB), and although it ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.03.0115
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.03.0115
59. Phosphorous Retention and Release by Sludge‐Derived Hydrochar for Potential Use as a Soil Amendment
- Author:
- Ying‐heng Fei; Dan Zhao; Yadong Cao; Hermine Huot; Ye‐tao Tang; Hongguo Zhang; Tangfu Xiao
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 502-509
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- adsorbents; adsorption; arable soils; desorption; fertilizers; fractionation; hydrochars; hydrothermal carbonization; phosphates; phosphorus; pyrolysis; recycling; sludge; soil amendments; total phosphorus
- Abstract:
- ... To solve both the problems of P deficiency in arable soil and excessive waste sludge disposal, we evaluated hydrothermal carbonization of sludge with the aim of recycling sludge P resources for soil amendment. In contrast with pyrochars obtained through pyrolysis, hydrochars generated from hydrothermal carbonization often feature variable properties and therefore require detailed characterization. ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.09.0328
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.09.0328
- Author:
- I Valmorbida; J A Arnemann; M A Cherman; C B Bevilacqua; C R Perini; G A Ugalde; J V C Guedes
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 332-339
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- Coleoptera; corn; cytochrome-c oxidase; genetic variation; haplotypes; mitochondrial DNA; mitochondrial genes; oats; pastures; pests; phylogeography; population structure; soil; variance; wheat; Argentina; Brazil; Paraguay; Uruguay
- Abstract:
- ... Diloboderus abderus (Sturm, 1826) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) is a serious soil pest of corn, wheat, oat, and natural and cultivated pastures in Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and southern Brazil. Despite its economic importance, the genetic diversity and population structure of D. abderus remain unknown. We sequenced a fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I region (COI), of six po ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0637-0
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0637-0
- Author:
- R. Rodríguez Madrera; B. Suárez Valles; A. Campa Negrillo; J.J. Ferreira Fernández
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 260-268
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- Vaccinium corymbosum; Vaccinium virgatum; anthocyanins; antioxidant activity; blueberries; cultivars; databases; environmental factors; fruit juices; functional properties; monitoring; pH; plant breeding; titratable acidity; total soluble solids; Spain
- Abstract:
- ... Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) cultivation has experienced a notable increase both for its good organoleptic characteristics and the nutritional and functional properties of this berry. The aim of this study was the physicochemical characterization of blueberry juices obtained from 55 blueberry cultivars grown under the same environmental conditions for 2–4 years. The results provide a broad and robus ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.14
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.14
- Author:
- Linda C Oforka; Monsuru A Adeleke; Joseph C Anikwe; Winifred A Makanjuola
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 284-290
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Onchocerca volvulus; Simulium damnosum; ambient temperature; climatic factors; dry season; ecological zones; imagos; monitoring; onchocerciasis; population dynamics; rain; rain forests; relative humidity; savannas; taxonomy; wet season; Guinea; Nigeria
- Abstract:
- ... Simulium damnosum (Theobald) sensu lato (s.l.) is a complex of many species of black flies that transmit Onchocerca volvulus (Leuckart) to varying capacities based on their ecological zones in Africa. The presence of three ecological zones in Osun, an onchocerciasis endemic state in Nigeria, is the basis of this study that is aimed at determining the population dynamics of S. damnosum s.l. in the ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz004
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz004
- Author:
- Louise Hénault‐Ethier; Marc Lucotte; Élise Smedbol; Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes; Sophie Maccario; Marie Eve Lamoureux Laprise; Rachel Perron; Marie Larocque; Laurent Lepage; Philippe Juneau; Michel Labrecque
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 352-361
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Glycine max; Salix miyabeana; Zea mays; agricultural soils; ammonium; aquatic organisms; biomass; corn; crops; effluents; farmers; fertilizers; glyphosate; losses from soil; lowlands; nitrates; nonpoint source pollution; nutrient retention; nutrients; pesticide application; plantations; pollution control; pollution load; potassium; riparian buffers; runoff; sandy loam soils; shrubs; snowmelt; soybeans; streams; total phosphorus; vegetation; willows; Quebec
- Abstract:
- ... Riparian buffer strips (RBS) are encouraged to control agricultural diffuse pollution. In Quebec Province, Canada, a policy promotes 3‐m‐wide RBS. Abiding farmers minimally maintain herbaceous vegetation, but nutrient retention efficiency could be improved with woody biomass. This work aimed to assess if fast‐growing willows (Salix miyabeana Seemen ‘SX64’) could reduce nutrient loads to a stream, ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2016.10.0391
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2016.10.0391
- Author:
- Isabelle Kilcoyne; Jorge E. Nieto; Julie E. Dechant
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 152-158
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- blood; clinical examination; colic; creatine kinase; enzyme activity; horses; intestines; lactic acid; medical records; prediction; surgery
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To determine the ability of plasma and peritoneal creatine kinase (CK) to predict the presence of a strangulating lesion in horses presented for colic. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Ten healthy control horses and 61 clinical colic cases. METHODS: Creatine kinase activity was measured in peritoneal fluid and plasma of 10 healthy horses and 61 horses presenting for co ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13147
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13147
- Author:
- Xinyuan ZhangThese authors contributed equally to this work.; Lina Li; Zhihua Sun; Junhua Luo
- Source:
- Chemical Society reviews 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 517-539
- ISSN:
- 1460-4744
- Subject:
- absorption; lead; physicochemical properties; solar energy; toxicity
- Abstract:
- ... Metal halide perovskites benefit from the combination of wide absorption, high carrier mobility, defect tolerance, moderate exciton binding energies, and versatility of solution processes, showing great promise in photovoltaics and optoelectronics. However, the issues of long-term instability and toxicity of lead are supposed to limit their further practical applications. Chemical doping of an imp ...
- DOI:
- 10.1039/c8cs00563j
- https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00563j
- Author:
- Fritz Kleinschroth; Claude Garcia; Jaboury Ghazoul
- Source:
- Ambio 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 153-159
- ISSN:
- 0044-7447
- Subject:
- basins; business enterprises; certification; forest management; forests; landscape management; landscapes; logging; remote sensing; roads; sustainable forestry
- Abstract:
- ... In 2014, the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) added a new criterion to its principles that requires protection of intact forest landscapes (IFLs). An IFL is an extensive area of forest that lacks roads and other signs of human activity as detected through remote sensing. In the Congo basin, our analysis of road networks in formally approved concessionary logging areas revealed greater loss of IFL ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13280-018-1063-6
- PubMed:
- 29845575
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6346600
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-018-1063-6
- Author:
- Silvio J. Crespin; Javier A. Simonetti
- Source:
- Ambio 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 131-138
- ISSN:
- 0044-7447
- Subject:
- biodiversity; crops; human-wildlife relations; humans; land ownership; landscapes; livestock; models; problem solving; wildlife
- Abstract:
- ... Land has traditionally been spared to protect biodiversity; however, this approach has not succeeded by itself and requires a complementary strategy in human-dominated landscapes: land-sharing. Human–wildlife conflicts are rampant in a land-sharing context where wildlife co-occur with crops or livestock, but whose resulting interactions adversely affect the wellbeing of land owners, ultimately imp ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13280-018-1059-2
- PubMed:
- 29752683
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6346604
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-018-1059-2
- Author:
- Paul Jepson
- Source:
- Ambio 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 123-130
- ISSN:
- 0044-7447
- Subject:
- issues and policy; mental health; society
- Abstract:
- ... Rewilding may signify the emergence of a new environmental narrative. Discussion of underlying policy narratives is important because they shape understandings of the state of world and how society should act. I summarise the origins of twentieth century environmental narratives and argue that their influence derives from components telling of the dire state of nature, the catastrophic consequence ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13280-018-1065-4
- PubMed:
- 29949078
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6346602
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-018-1065-4
- Author:
- B Zeng; W Zhu; Y Fu; S Zhou
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 197-206
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- Zeugodacus cucurbitae; climate; gene expression regulation; genes; global warming; heat stress; hormesis; insect reproduction; juvenile hormones; oviposition; pests; population growth; protein synthesis; proteomics; temperature; vegetables; vitellogenin; Africa; Asia; Hawaii; Middle East
- Abstract:
- ... Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important pest of vegetables in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Hawaii. High temperature can significantly influence B. cucurbitae reproduction. The effect of short-term high-temperature exposure on proteins that affect oviposition was analyzed by proteomics. Among six key target genes for oviposition, the expression of Vitellogeni ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0638-z
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0638-z
- Author:
- Erin N. Coenen; Victoria G. Christensen; Lynn A. Bartsch; Rebecca M. Kreiling; William B. Richardson
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 403-411
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- agricultural land; data collection; laboratory techniques; land use; mixing; oxygen; sediments; surface water; water quality
- Abstract:
- ... Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) plays a fundamental role in biological and chemical processes within the benthic layer of a water body. Land use, including agricultural land use, can affect SOD. However, a wide variety of approaches have been used for in situ SOD chamber construction and data collection, and modelers frequently use SOD values from the literature, without consideration of the differen ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.06.0251
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.06.0251
- Author:
- Qian Qi; Pin Lv; Xiao-Ming Chen; Hang Chen; Ming-Shun Chen; Pu Yang
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 410-418
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Coccidae; abdomen; acclimation; adults; eggs; evolution; females; habitats; irradiation; lifestyle; males; nymphs; overwintering; predators; scale insects; secretion; sexual dimorphism; waxes
- Abstract:
- ... The scale insect, Ericerus pela Chavannes, shows a typical sexual dimorphism. Males and females are different not only in morphology, but also in their ability to secrete wax and ecological adaptability. Here we report the morphological and structural characteristics of wax glands on E. pela females and males. The differences in wax glands and wax secretion between females and males reflect their ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz009
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz009
- Author:
- Jacob M. Shivley; Jodi M. Richardson; Kimberly A. Woodruff; Wilson C. Brookshire; Robert E. Meyer; David R. Smith
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 216-221
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- adults; body weight; castration; dogs; females; heart rate; ligaments; nociception; pain; randomized clinical trials; spaying; veterinarians
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To compare time efficiency and nociceptive input between digital strumming (DS) and sharp transection (ST) of the suspensory ligament during ovariohysterectomy (OVH). STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. ANIMALS: 30 adult female dogs. METHODS: Dogs were randomly assigned to ST or DS procedures. Measures of nociception were assessed through measurements of preoperative and intraope ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13121
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13121
73. Soil Nitrogen Leaching in Logged Beetle‐Killed Forests and Implications for Riparian Fuel Reduction
- Author:
- Charles C. Rhoades
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 305-313
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Pinus contorta var. latifolia; bark beetle infestations; buffers; coniferous forests; dissolved organic carbon; fire break; forest damage; fuels; fuels (fire ecology); harvesting; highlands; insect outbreaks; landscapes; leachates; leaching; mineralization; mortality; nitrate nitrogen; nitrification; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; overstory; riparian areas; riparian buffers; riparian forests; salvage logging; soil; tree mortality; water; water quality; water quality standards; water supply; watersheds; wildfires; North America
- Abstract:
- ... Recent extensive forest mortality and subsequent salvage logging may threaten the water supply from headwater catchments in western North America. Land managers confronting current insect outbreaks and projected increases in forest disturbance require information about the potential water quality consequences of these changes. This study is a hillslope‐scale evaluation of soil N and C leaching in ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.04.0169
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.04.0169
- Author:
- Efstathios S. Giotis; Michael A. Skinner
- Source:
- Avian pathology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 87-90
- ISSN:
- 1465-3338
- Subject:
- Fowlpox virus; Reticuloendotheliosis virus; flocks; insects; mutation; pathogens; penetrance; phylogeny; poultry; risk; sequence analysis; serotypes; vaccination; viruses; wild birds
- Abstract:
- ... Fowlpox virus is the type species of an extensive and poorly-defined group of viruses isolated from more than 200 species of birds, together comprising the avipoxvirus genus of the poxvirus family. Long known as a significant poultry pathogen, vaccines developed in the early and middle years of the twentieth century led to its effective eradication as a problem to commercial production in temperat ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/03079457.2018.1554893
- https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2018.1554893
- Author:
- J. Molnár; B. Ásványi
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 143-149
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- Kluyveromyces marxianus; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; fermentation; protein content; single cell protein; sugar content; vitamin supplements; yeasts
- Abstract:
- ... The primary purpose of these researches was to optimize single-cell protein (SCP) production process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCAIM Y.00200 and Kluyveromyces marxianus DSM 4908 strain, and then to analyse the changes in yield of single-cell protein final product using vitamin supplementation. To determine these values, the total sugar content of the fermentation medium, and the protein conte ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.1
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.1
- Author:
- Sreenath Bolisetty; Mohammad Peydayesh; Raffaele Mezzenga
- Source:
- Chemical Society reviews 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 463-487
- ISSN:
- 1460-4744
- Subject:
- biosphere; death; drinking water; heavy metals; metal ions; quantitative analysis; risk factors; sustainable technology; water pollution; water purification
- Abstract:
- ... Water pollution is a global problem threatening the entire biosphere and affecting the life of many millions of people around the world. Not only is water pollution one of the foremost global risk factors for illness, diseases and death, but it also contributes to the continuous reduction of the available drinkable water worldwide. Delivering valuable solutions, which are easy to implement and aff ...
- DOI:
- 10.1039/c8cs00493e
- https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00493e
- Author:
- Kimberly A Stoner; Richard S Cowles; Andrea Nurse; Brian D Eitzer
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 351-362
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Apis mellifera; Spiraea; acephate; acute oral toxicity; application methods; clothianidin; color; environmental monitoring; honey bees; metabolites; methamidophos; models; ornamental plants; pellets; pesticide application; pesticide residues; plant nurseries; pollen; pollen loads; pollen trapping; risk estimate; surveys; thiamethoxam; Connecticut
- Abstract:
- ... Worldwide studies have used the technique of pollen trapping, collecting pollen loads from returning honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) foragers, to evaluate the exposure of honey bees to pesticides through pollen and as a biomonitoring tool. Typically, these surveys have found frequent contamination of pollen with multiple pesticides, with most of the estimated risk of acute oral ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz007
- PubMed:
- 30753426
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6446217
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz007
- Author:
- Philippe G. Vidon; Molly K. Welsh; Yasaman T. Hassanzadeh
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 248-260
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- air quality; bioreactors; carbon dioxide; constructed wetlands; crops; data collection; denitrification; ecosystem services; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; habitats; landscapes; mercury; methane; methylmercury compounds; models; nitrates; nitrous oxide; organic soils; overland flow; pesticides; recreation; riparian areas; sediments; short rotation forestry; streams; subsurface drainage; subsurface flow; total phosphorus; water quality; watershed management; wildlife
- Abstract:
- ... Riparian zones have been used for water quality management with respect to NO₃⁻ in subsurface flow and total P (TP), sediments, and pesticides in overland flow for decades. Only recently has the fate and transport of soluble reactive P (SRP), Hg, emerging contaminants, and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes (N₂O, CO₂, and CH₄) been examined in riparian zones. Overall, riparian zones are efficient at redu ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.01.0009
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.01.0009
79. Understanding the Environmental Impact of a Mine Dam Rupture in Brazil: Prospects for Remediation
- Author:
- O. S. H. Santos; F. C. Avellar; M. Alves; R. C. Trindade; M. B. Menezes; M. C. Ferreira; G. S. França; J. Cordeiro; F. G. Sobreira; I. M. Yoshida; P. M. Moura; M. B. Baptista; M. R. Scotti
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 439-449
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- aluminum oxide; amines; ammonium; calcium; chromatography; copper; dams (hydrology); environmental impact; iron; magnesium; manganese; microbial biomass; mine tailings; mineral content; mortality; nitrates; pH; phospholipid fatty acids; potassium; remediation; riparian areas; rivers; sediment deposition; sediments; silica; sodium; sodium hydroxide; soil; soil organic matter; toxicity; watersheds; zinc; Brazil
- Abstract:
- ... The rupture of the Fundão mine dam in Mariana municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, spilled the tailings across the Doce River basin. These tailings, composed of residues discarded from the beneficiation of iron ore, are rich in SiO₂ and Al₂O₃, as well as some ether amine compounds and NaOH. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of these sediments, as well as their effect on the ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.04.0168
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.04.0168
- Author:
- M. Włodarczyk-Stasiak; A. Mazurek; J. Jamroz; U. Pankiewicz; R. Kowalski
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 150-159
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- adsorption; aqueous solutions; dietary supplements; freeze drying; fruits; functional properties; glucose; osmotic treatment; pears; pineapples; rehydration; sorbitol; sucrose; surface area; sweeteners; trehalose; water activity; xylitol
- Abstract:
- ... The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of the type of osmotic substance (sucrose, glucose, xylitol, trehalose, and sorbitol) on the physicochemical properties of freeze-dried fruit (pear and pineapple). Controlling the functional properties of freeze-dried fruit after osmotic dehydration with aqueous solutions at water activity of aw=0.90 is presented. Decrease in the water adsorption i ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.2
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.2
- Author:
- K.T. Wang; D.Z. Wu; D.Q. Guo; M.Y. Du
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 177-186
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- Botrytis cinerea; anthocyanins; beta-aminobutyric acid; cell growth; disease resistance; genes; grapes; gray mold; hydrogen peroxide; pathogens; phytoalexins; small fruits; stilbenes
- Abstract:
- ... The present study was performed to investigate the effect of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) treatment on defence activation in grape berries and to analyse its cellular mechanism. The results implied that BABA treatment at an effective concentration of 20 mM significantly inhibited gray mould rot caused by Botrytis cinerea in grape berries by inducing resistance. Accordingly, 20 mM BABA triggered a pr ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.5
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.5
- Author:
- Dominik Zak; Marc Stutter; Henning S. Jensen; Sara Egemose; Mette V. Carstensen; Joachim Audet; John A. Strand; Peter Feuerbach; Carl C. Hoffmann; Benjamin Christen; Sandra Hille; Mads Knudsen; Jenni Stockan; Helen Watson; Goswin Heckrath; Brian Kronvang
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 362-375
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- agricultural land; amphibians; biodiversity; biomass production; ecosystem services; financial economics; habitats; nutrient uptake; phosphorus; phytomass; pollution load; production functions; rivers; runoff; soil; streams; subsurface flow; temperate zones; tile drainage; total nitrogen; watersheds; wetland plants; Denmark; Great Britain; Northern European region; Sweden
- Abstract:
- ... Integrated buffer zones (IBZs) have recently been introduced in the Northwestern Europe temperate zone to improve delivery of ecosystem services compared with the services associated with long‐established vegetated buffer zones. A common feature of all the studied IBZ sites is that tile drainage, which previously discharged directly into the streams, is now intercepted within the IBZ. Specifically ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.05.0216
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.05.0216
- Author:
- M. Lacko-Bartošová; P. Konvalina; L. Lacko-Bartošová
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 213-220
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta; amylases; baking; baking quality; breads; climatic factors; cultivars; dough; enzyme activity; falling number; flour; gelatinization; genotype; gluten; prediction; retrogradation; rheological properties; starch
- Abstract:
- ... The aim of this work was to test the potential of Mixolab II in the baking quality prediction of five Triticum spelta L. cultivars grown during growing periods with different climate conditions. Spelt cultivars varied in flour and dough properties examined by indirect baking qualm- indicators (wet gluten content. Falling number. Zelenv sedimentation, farinograph rheological properties, Mixolab par ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.0002
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.0002
- Author:
- A.C. Silva; N. Jorge
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 196-203
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- Citrus medica; agricultural wastes; antioxidant activity; bioactive compounds; carotenoids; citrus fruits; fatty acid composition; linolenic acid; oxidative stability; pharmaceutical industry; phenolic compounds; phytosterols; raw materials; seed oils; seeds; tocopherols; vegetable oil
- Abstract:
- ... This study aimed at identifying the presence of bioactive compounds and evaluating the antioxidant capacity of oils extracted from citron, kinkan, and orange. Therefore, determination of fatty acid profile, tocopherol and phytosterol composition, phenolic compounds, and total carotenoids was performed in the oils extracted from seeds. To determine the antioxidant capacity, the tests DPPH˙, ABTS˙⁺, ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.7
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.7
- Author:
- Patrizia Robino; Ilario Ferrocino; Giacomo Rossi; Andrea Dogliero; Valentina Alessandria; Lisa Grosso; Livio Galosi; Clara Tramuta; Luca Cocolin; Patrizia Nebbia
- Source:
- Avian pathology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 111-120
- ISSN:
- 1465-3338
- Subject:
- Acinetobacter; Lachnospiraceae; Lactobacillus; Lactococcus; Propionibacterium; Pseudomonas; Weissella; bacterial communities; canaries; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; digestive system diseases; digestive tract; feces; gastric mucosa; genes; health status; immunostimulants; intestinal microorganisms; lipid metabolism; macrophages; metagenomics; pets; polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA; yeasts
- Abstract:
- ... Macrorhabdus ornithogaster is an opportunistic yeast that colonizes the gastric mucosa of many avian species. Until now, no studies have focused on the influence of a gastric infection on the balance of the intestinal microbiota of birds. In this study, 44 faecal samples from individual canaries, with and without M. ornithogaster infection, were analysed. The detection of the yeast was evaluated b ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/03079457.2018.1553294
- https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2018.1553294
- Author:
- Gisel C. Booman; Pedro Laterra
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 459-468
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Schoenoplectus californicus; agricultural land; ammonia; basins; crop production; drainage; ecosystems; filters; land suitability; macrophytes; models; nitrates; nutrient excess; nutrients; phosphorus; solutes; streams; Argentina; Pampas region
- Abstract:
- ... In agricultural basins, fluvial ecosystems can work as filters when retaining the nutrient excess from agricultural activities, mitigating the impacts downstream. In frequently flooded areas, like the Pampas Region of Argentina, natural streams are being channelized to reduce flood frequency and intensity, thus increasing land suitability for crop production, but the impact of these interventions ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.07.0264
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.07.0264
- Author:
- Adrien Lion; Evelyne Esnault; Emmanuel Kut; Vanaïque Guillory; Laetitia Trapp-Fragnet; Sébastien M. Soubies; Nathalie Chanteloup; Alisson Niepceron; Rodrigo Guabiraba; Daniel Marc; Nicolas Eterradossi; Sascha Trapp; Pascale Quéré
- Source:
- Avian pathology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 121-134
- ISSN:
- 1465-3338
- Subject:
- Eimeria tenella; Escherichia coli; Infectious bursal disease virus; Mardivirus; Protozoa; Toll-like receptor 3; agonists; bird diseases; chickens; cytokines; disease susceptibility; embryo (animal); endothelial cells; endothelium; host-pathogen relationships; immunoblotting; infectious diseases; innate immunity; interferon-alpha; interferon-gamma; mammals; models; pathogen-associated molecular patterns; pathogenesis; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction
- Abstract:
- ... It is well established that the endothelium plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of various infectious diseases in mammals. However, little is known about the role of endothelial cells (EC) as targets for avian pathogens and their contribution to the pathogenesis of infectious diseases in galliform birds. First, we explored the innate immune response of primary chicken aortic endothelial cel ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/03079457.2018.1556386
- https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2018.1556386
- Author:
- T W Pyrcz; J Lorenc-Brudecka; A Zubek; C Prieto; P Boyer; K Florczyk; B Wacławik; D Lachowska-Cierlik
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 302-313
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- Neotropics; Nymphalidae; females; geographical distribution; monophyly; mountains; paraphyly; synapomorphy; taxonomy; Costa Rica; Panama
- Abstract:
- ... Arhuaco Adams & Bernard (1977) is one of the least known genera of Neotropical Satyrinae. It comprises two species and presents an unusual disjunct distribution, with A. ica Adams & Bernard (1977), endemic to the isolated Colombian Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, and A. dryadina (Schaus 1913) found in the mountains of Costa Rica and Panama. Here, the female of A. dryadina is described, and a new gen ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0641-4
- PubMed:
- 30414019
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6443605
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0641-4
- Author:
- Lili Qiu; Xiuqin Yin; Yunfeng Jiang
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 395-403
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Acer pictum subsp. mono; Tilia; biogeochemical cycles; broadleaved trees; calcium; leaves; manganese; mixed forests; mountains; plant litter; soil fauna
- Abstract:
- ... Soil meso- and microfauna (<2 mm in size) play an important role in the decomposition and nutrient release of litter. However, most research has focused on the influences of soil fauna on decomposition rates, while the impact of soil fauna on nutrient release has not been fully understood. We evaluated the influence of soil meso- and microfauna communities on nutrient release from decomposing Tili ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz005
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz005
- Author:
- Bharat Sharma Acharya; Humberto Blanco‐Canqui; Robert B. Mitchell; Richard Cruse; David Laird
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 485-492
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Panicum virgatum; Zea mays; aggregate stability; corn; cropland; energy crops; eroded soils; nitrate nitrogen; no-tillage; rain; rainfall simulation; runoff; sediments; spring; warm season grasses; water erosion; water quality; water stable soil aggregates; Iowa; Nebraska
- Abstract:
- ... Information on the water quality impact of perennial warm‐season grasses (WSGs) when grown in marginal lands as dedicated energy crops is limited. We studied how WSGs affected runoff, sediment, and nutrient losses and related near‐surface soil properties to those of no‐till corn (Zea mays L.) on an eroded soil in southwestern Iowa and a center pivot corner in east‐central Nebraska. The experiment ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.10.0380
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.10.0380
- Author:
- I. Soural; S. Wendelin; J. Balík
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 221-228
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Vitis labrusca; Vitis vinifera; anthocyanins; antioxidant activity; catechin; cultivars; epicatechin; ferulic acid; fruit pulp; gallic acid; liquid chromatography; pH; procyanidins; ripening; small fruits; stilbenes; sugar content; table grapes; titratable acidity
- Abstract:
- ... This study contains data of seven blue cultivars of table grape (Vitis vinifera L. and Vitis labrusca L.): Attika, Early Cardinal, Eszter, Chasselas rosé, Königliche Esther, Muscat bleu, and Nero. The following were determined in intact berries: malic, tartaric, and titratable acids, pH values, sugar content, and antioxidant capacity. Concentrations of the following compounds were determined in th ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.10
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.10
- Author:
- F M Bianchi; A L Marsaro Júnior; J Grazia; P R V S Pereira; A R Panizzi
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 219-224
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- Brassica; Dichelops furcatus; Euschistus heros; Nezara viridula; agroecosystems; arthropod pests; biodiesel; canola; cultivation area; dominant species; feedstocks; food industry; fuel production; indigenous species; ingredients; plant pests; species richness; zoogeography; Brazil
- Abstract:
- ... Canola (Brassicaceae: Brassica spp.) is an important feedstock for biodiesel production and a potential ingredient for use in the food industry. In different continents, various arthropod pests damage canola plants. Stink bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) are present in all zoogeographical regions, and many species are recognized by their economic importance as crop pests. Our aim was to describe t ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0642-3
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0642-3
- Author:
- Andreas Alber; Taiana Costa; Cosmin Chintoan-Uta; Karen J. Bryson; Pete Kaiser; Mark P. Stevens; Lonneke Vervelde
- Source:
- Avian pathology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 157-167
- ISSN:
- 1465-3338
- Subject:
- Escherichia coli; antibacterial properties; bacterial colonization; chickens; dose response; inbred lines; leukocytes; lungs; models; serotypes; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); spleen; tissues
- Abstract:
- ... Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) cause severe respiratory and systemic disease. To address the genetic and immunological basis of resistance, inbred chicken lines were used to establish a model of differential resistance to APEC, using strain O1 of serotype O1:K1:H7. Inbred lines 7₂, 15I and C.B12 and the outbred line Novogen Brown were inoculated via the airsac with a high dose (10⁷ colony-forming ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/03079457.2018.1562154
- https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2018.1562154
- Author:
- Andrew N. Kreider; Carlos R. Fernandez Pulido; Mary Ann Bruns; Rachel A. Brennan
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 469-475
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Araceae; Sorghum bicolor; agricultural land; agricultural soils; aquatic plants; composts; crop yield; diammonium phosphate; eutrophication; forage; leaching; mineralization; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; nutrient retention; phosphorus; runoff; soil amendments; surface water; total nitrogen; water quality
- Abstract:
- ... Excessive N and P in surface waters can promote eutrophication (algae‐dominated, low‐O₂ waters), which decreases water quality and aquatic life. Duckweed (Lemnaceae), a floating aquatic plant, rapidly absorbs N and P from water and its composition shows strong potential as a soil amendment. Therefore, it may be used to transfer N and P from eutrophic water bodies to agricultural fields. In this wo ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2018.05.0207
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.05.0207
- Author:
- Laura M. Homer; Bárbara A. J. Gomes; Megan C. Murphy; Gawain J. C. Hammond; Tim D. H. Parkin; Cameron J. A. Broome
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 180-185
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- dogs; osteoarthritis; patella (bones); radiography; standard deviation; surgery; tibia
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of osteoarthritis on the measurement of patella tendon angle (PTA) and determine intraobserver and interobserver variability. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Eighty‐seven mediolateral radiographs that were obtained prior to tibial tuberosity advancement. METHODS: Radiographic osteoarthritis was scored by 2 observers using guidelin ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13118
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13118
- Author:
- Ronan A. Mullins; Carlos Sanchez Villamil; Hilde de Rooster; Anne Kummeling; Robert N. White; Kelley M. Thieman Mankin; Michael S. Tivers; Donald A. Yool; Davina M. Anderson; Kathryn M. Pratschke; Ines Gordo; Herve Brissot; Ameet Singh; Melanie Olive; Jean Phillipe Billet; Laura E. Selmic; Barbara M. Kirby
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 164-172
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- dogs; intravenous injection; medical records; retrospective studies; seizures; surgery
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To report the incidence of postattenuation seizures (PAS) in dogs that underwent single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (cEHPSS) attenuation and to compare incidence of PAS in dogs that either did or did not receive prophylactic treatment with levetiracetam (LEV). STUDY DESIGN: Multi‐institutional retrospective study. POPULATION: Nine hundred forty dogs. METHODS: Medical rec ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13141
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13141
- Author:
- N. Samadi Ghorbani; M. Mazaheri Tehrani; M.H. Haddad Khodaparast; R. Farhoosh
- Source:
- Acta alimentaria 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 160-168
- ISSN:
- 1588-2535
- Subject:
- acrylamides; asparaginase; baking; bran; breads; chewiness; firmness; physicochemical properties; sensory evaluation; temperature; texture
- Abstract:
- ... The aim of the current paper was to elucidate the influence of temperature and time on acrylamide formation and physico-chemical characteristics of bread. Additionally, the effect of asparaginase addition to bran was evaluated. With increasing baking time and temperature, the amount of acrylamide (µg kg⁻¹) increased. The results indicated that the acrylamide concentration in treated samples with a ...
- DOI:
- 10.1556/066.2019.48.2.3
- https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2019.48.2.3
- Author:
- Annette M. McCoy; Rebecca L. Smith; Erica J. Secor; Patrick J. Roady
- Source:
- Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 222-228
- ISSN:
- 0161-3499
- Subject:
- Bacillus (bacteria); acetic acid; amnion; bacteria; bacterial contamination; bacteriology; chlorhexidine; foaling; histology; histopathology; mares; microbial load; risk; storage temperature; storage time; virulent strains
- Abstract:
- ... OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of tissue preparation and long‐term storage methods on structural integrity and risk of bacterial contamination of equine amnion. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective experimental investigation SAMPLE POPULATION: Amniotic membranes from 8 healthy mares (n = 440 tested samples). METHODS: Samples for baseline bacteriology and histology were taken after removal of debris. T ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/vsu.13138
- CHORUS:
- 10.1111/vsu.13138
- https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13138
- Author:
- Shunsuke Furihata; Ken Tabuchi; Shigeru Okudera; Akihiko Takahashi; Norihide Hinomoto; Masami Shimoda; Terumi Yamaguchi
- Source:
- Environmental entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 426-433
- ISSN:
- 1938-2936
- Subject:
- Glycine max; Lolium multiflorum; Orius; Solanum melongena; Trifolium repens; adults; color; eggplants; monitoring; pests; predatory insects; sampling; soybeans; sticky traps; trapping
- Abstract:
- ... Minute pirate bugs of genus Orius (Wolff) are known important generalist predators of microinvertebrate pests and are therefore useful in many agricultural contexts. Effective sampling methods are thus of great importance to monitor Orius spp. populations. Sticky traps are one such sampling method; however, trap color must be carefully selected for the target insect species. In this study, we exam ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/ee/nvz001
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz001
- Author:
- N. F. S. Giehl; L. S. Brasil; K. Dias-Silva; D. S. Nogueira; H. S. R. Cabette
- Source:
- Neotropical entomology 2019 v.48 no.2 pp. 186-196
- ISSN:
- 1519-566X
- Subject:
- anthropogenic activities; cerrado; environmental quality; habitats; indicator species; savannas; species richness; streams
- Abstract:
- ... Determining thresholds of species loss in response to gradients of human impact is becoming an increasingly important component of stream conservation and management. We analyzed the thresholds of change in populations and communities of the infraorder Nepomorpha along a gradient of environmental integrity in streams of the Brazilian savannah, based on samples from 20 sites. We used the Threshold ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s13744-018-0632-5
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0632-5