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You searched for: Publication Year 2016 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2016 Subject term branching Remove constraint Subject term: branching
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1. Agronomic performance and genotypic diversity for morphological traits among cassava genotypes in the guinea savannah ecology of Ghana

Author:
J. Adjebeng-Danquah; V. E. Gracen; S. K. Offei; I. K. Asante; J. Manu-Aduening
Source:
Journal of crop science and biotechnology 2016 v.19 no.1 pp. 99-108
ISSN:
1975-9479
Subject:
agroecology; agronomic traits; branching; cassava; cultivars; genetic variation; genotype; harvest index; harvesting; heritability; leaves; phenotype; planting; principal component analysis; quantitative traits; savannas; Ghana; Guinea
Abstract:
... We evaluated the agronomic performance and diversity for morphological traits among a collection of local and exotic cassava genotypes in the Guinea Savannah agroecology of Ghana. One hundred and fifty cassava genotypes were assessed using 28 agro-morphological (18 qualitative and 10 quantitative) traits recorded from three months after planting until harvesting at 12 months after planting. There ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12892-015-0095-8

2. Apical control of conidiation in Aspergillus nidulans

Author:
Elixabet Oiartzabal-Arano; Elixabet Perez-de-Nanclares-Arregi; Eduardo A. Espeso; Oier Etxebeste
Source:
Current genetics 2016 v.62 no.2 pp. 371-377
ISSN:
0172-8083
Subject:
Aspergillus nidulans; branching; conidiation; fungi; germination; hosts; hyphae; pathogenesis; proteins; spore dispersal; spores; transcription (genetics); vegetative cells
Abstract:
... The infection cycle of filamentous fungi consists of two main stages: invasion (growth) and dispersion (development). After the deposition of a spore on a host, germination, polar extension and branching of vegetative cells called hyphae allow a fast and efficient invasion. Under suboptimal conditions, genetic reprogramming of hyphae results in the generation of asexual spores, allowing disseminat ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00294-015-0556-0

3. Bioinformatics and Expression Analysis of CPMAX2 in Citrange

Author:
Feirong Yuan; Yaoming Yuan; Zhixin Li; Alessandra Gentile; Ziniu Deng
Source:
Horticultural plant journal 2016 v.2 no.3 pp. 126-132
ISSN:
2468-0141
Subject:
Citroncirus webberi; Citrus sinensis; Poncirus trifoliata; amino acid sequences; bioinformatics; branching; complementary DNA; dwarfing; genes; leaves; nucleotide sequences; plant hormones; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; transgenic plants
Abstract:
... Transgenic citrange lines with rolABC genes behave rosette branching and extreme dwarfing. To explore the regulatory mechanism of plant hormones in axillary shoot growth of transgenic citrange, a full length cDNA of CPMAX2 was cloned from citrange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb × Poncirus trifoliate (L.) Raf.] by RT-PCR in this study. The expression of CPMAX2 was detected in axillary tender leaves of 3 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.hpj.2016.08.001

4. Branching of hemicelluloses through an azetidinium salt ring-opening reaction

Author:
Mikaela Börjesson; Gunnar Westman
Source:
Carbohydrate research 2016 v.428 pp. 23-30
ISSN:
0008-6215
Subject:
arabinoxylan; branching; epichlorohydrins; glucuronic acid; salts; secondary amines; xylan
Abstract:
... During the last century there has been a steady increase in the number of publications on practical applications of hemicellulose. Due to the water and moisture sensitivity, poor film-forming ability and lack of thermal processability most of the hemicelluloses need to be chemically modified prior to processing into materials. Within this study we present the results of azetidinium salts as a new ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carres.2016.04.005

5. Changes in morphology of retinal ganglion cells with eccentricity in retinal degeneration

Author:
E. E. Anderson; U. Greferath; E. L. Fletcher
Source:
Cell and tissue research 2016 v.364 no.2 pp. 263-271
ISSN:
0302-766X
Subject:
branching; cell biology; death; fluorescent proteins; ganglia; immunocytochemistry; immunohistochemistry; macular degeneration; mice; models; mutation; neurons; photoreceptors; retina
Abstract:
... Ganglion cells are the output neurons of the retina and are known to remodel during the subtle plasticity changes that occur following the death of photoreceptors in inherited retinal degeneration. We examine the influence of retinal eccentricity on anatomical remodelling and ganglion cell morphology well after photoreceptor loss. Rd1 mice that have a mutation in the β subunit of phosphodiesterase ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00441-015-2337-y

6. Clade-specific positive selection on a developmental gene: BRANCHLESS TRICHOME and the evolution of stellate trichomes in Physaria (Brassicaceae)

Author:
Abigail R. Mazie; David A. Baum
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2016 v.100 pp. 31-40
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
proteins; probability; evolution; branching; models; trichomes; codons; Physaria; protein-protein interactions
Abstract:
... Positive selection is known to drive the evolution of genes involved in evolutionary arms races, but what role does it play in the evolution of genes involved in developmental processes? We used the single-celled epidermal trichomes of Brassicaceae as a model to uncover the molecular evolutionary processes that contributed to the transition from dendritic trichomes, as seen in most species of Bras ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.027

7. Cladosiphon takenoensis sp. nov. (Ectocarpales s.l., Phaeophyceae) from Japan

Author:
Hiroshi Kawai; Takeaki Hanyuda; Song‐Ho Kim; Yuki Ichikawa; Shinya Uwai; Akira F. Peters
Source:
Phycological research 2016 v.64 no.4 pp. 212-218
ISSN:
1322-0829
Subject:
Cladosiphon; algae; branching; chloroplasts; genes; hairs; internal transcribed spacers; mitochondria; new species; paraphyly; ribosomal DNA; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; rocks; spring; thallus; Japan
Abstract:
... The new brown algal species Cladosiphon takenoensis H. Kawai (Chordariaceae, Ectocarpales s.l.) is described from Takeno, Hyogo, Japan based on morphology and DNA sequences. The species is a spring annual, growing on subtidal rocks at more or less exposed sites. It resembles C. umezakii in its gross morphology, and the two often grow together, but is distinguishable from C. umezakii in having a mo ...
DOI:
10.1111/pre.12140

8. Combinatorial regulation of CLF and SDG8 during Arabidopsis shoot branching

Author:
Shaomin Bian; Ji Li; Gang Tian; Yuhai Cui; Yanming Hou; Wendao Qiu
Source:
Acta physiologiae plantarum 2016 v.38 no.7 pp. 173
ISSN:
0137-5881
Subject:
Arabidopsis; alleles; branches; branching; chromatin; flowers; gene expression; histones; leaves; loci; methyltransferases; mutagenesis; mutants; phenotype; precipitin tests; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; regulator genes; seeds; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... SET domain group 8 (SDG8) serves as multifunctional H3 methyltransferase to be involved in various processes in plants. To better understand its functions, an EMS mutagenesis of sdg8-2 seeds was performed for the enhancers of sdg8-2, and an allele of CURLY LEAF (clf100) was identified in the study, which enhanced the phenotype of sdg8-2, such as early flower, abortion, and more shoot branches. Rea ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11738-016-2188-5

9. Cousinia brevicaulis sp. nov. (sect. Lasiandra) for the flora of Iran

Author:
Farideh Attar; Valiollah Mozaffarian; Mansour Mirtadzadini
Source:
Nordic journal of botany 2016 v.34 no.2 pp. 174-177
ISSN:
0107-055X
Subject:
branching; flora; flowers; new species; scientific illustration; taxon descriptions; Iran
Abstract:
... Cousinia brevicaulis is described and illustrated as a new species from eastern Iran. This species belongs to the C. sect. Lasiandra Bunge as defined by hairy anther tube, yellow, pale yellow or rarely milky flowers, monocarpic growth form and corymbose branching of stem. It is easily distinguished from other species of the section by its very short‐stemmed habit. The new species is distributed in ...
DOI:
10.1111/njb.00818

10. Cranial Arterial Patterning in Greyhounds: Another Case of Internal Intraspecific Variation

Author:
S. Pols; M. Henneberg; R. Norris
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2016 v.45 no.3 pp. 161-172
ISSN:
0340-2096
Subject:
Greyhound; adults; aorta; blood; branching; dogs; ethics; females; forelimbs; head; intraspecific variation; males; silicone; t-test; thorax
Abstract:
... The greyhound is a dog breed highly specialized to run fast (17 m/s) over short distances (Usherwood and Wilson, 2005). As a result, there are many anatomical structures correlated with this sprinting function. The branching patterns of vasculature supplying blood to the head, forelimbs and thorax (subclavian arteries and its branches) were described in 34 adult greyhound cadavers (22 male, 12 fem ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12182

11. Cytokinin‐induced promotion of root meristem size in the fern Azolla supports a shoot‐like origin of euphyllophyte roots

Author:
Jan Vries; Angela Melanie Fischer; Mayo Roettger; Sophie Rommel; Henriette Schluepmann; Andrea Bräutigam; Annelie Carlsbecker; Sven Bernhard Gould
Source:
new phytologist 2016 v.209 no.2 pp. 705-720
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Azolla filiculoides; adventitious roots; branching; cell division; cell walls; cytokinins; ferns and fern allies; gene expression; genes; indole acetic acid; microscopy; root meristems; root systems; shoot meristems; zeatin
Abstract:
... The phytohormones cytokinin and auxin orchestrate the root meristem development in angiosperms by determining embryonic bipolarity. Ferns, having the most basal euphyllophyte root, form neither bipolar embryos nor permanent embryonic primary roots but rather an adventitious root system. This raises the questions of how auxin and cytokinin govern fern root system architecture and whether this can t ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.13630
PubMed:
26358624
PubMed Central:
PMC5049668

12. A DUF-246 family glycosyltransferase-like gene affects male fertility and the biosynthesis of pectic arabinogalactans

Author:
Solomon Stonebloom; Berit Ebert; Guangyan Xiong; Sivakumar Pattathil; Devon Birdseye; Jeemeng Lao; Markus Pauly; Michael G. Hahn; Joshua L. Heazlewood; Henrik Vibe Scheller
Source:
BMC plant biology 2016 v.16 no.1 pp. 90
ISSN:
1471-2229
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; Nicotiana benthamiana; alleles; apical dominance; arabinogalactans; biosynthesis; branching; cell walls; enzymes; galactose; gene overexpression; gene silencing; heterozygosity; homozygosity; loss-of-function mutation; male fertility; mutants; pectins; petioles; phenotype; plant growth; pollen; pollen tubes; transfer DNA; viruses
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Pectins are a group of structurally complex plant cell wall polysaccharides whose biosynthesis and function remain poorly understood. The pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) has two types of arabinogalactan side chains, type-I and type-II arabinogalactans. To date few enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of pectin have been described. Here we report the identification of ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12870-016-0780-x
PubMed:
27091363
PubMed Central:
PMC4836069

13. Dermatomycosis caused by Paranannizziopsis australasiensis in five tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) and a coastal bearded dragon (Pogona barbata) in a zoological collection in New Zealand

Author:
NJ Masters; S Alexander; B Jackson; L Sigler; J Chatterton; C Harvey; R Gibson; S Humphrey; TG Rawdon; RP Spence; HJ Ha; K McInnes; R Jakob-Hoff
Source:
New Zealand veterinary journal 2016 v.64 no.5 pp. 301-307
ISSN:
1176-0710
Subject:
Chrysosporium; Pogona; Sphenodon punctatus; biopsy; branching; dermatitis; dermatomycoses; epidemiology; fungi; histopathology; hyphae; microbial culture; monitoring; reptiles; sequence analysis; zoos; New Zealand
Abstract:
... CASE HISTORY: Health monitoring of tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) at Auckland Zoo between 2001 and 2009 showed that 58/93 tuatara had been affected by dermatitis of unknown origin. From 2011 onwards, cases of suspected fungal dermatitis underwent extensive diagnostic investigations. CLINCAL FINDINGS: Six cases of dermatomycosis were attributed to Paranannizziopsis australasiensis , five in tuatara ...
DOI:
10.1080/00480169.2016.1177473

14. Differential Collective- and Single-Cell Behaviors on Silicon Micropillar Arrays

Author:
Jahed Zeinab; Zareian Ramin; Chau Yeung Yeung; Seo Brandon B.; West Mary; Tsui Ting Y.; Wen Weijia; Mofrad Mohammad R. K.
Source:
ACS applied materials 2016 v.8 no.36 pp. 23604-23613
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
branching; neuroglia; pseudopodia; silicon
Abstract:
... Three-dimensional vertically aligned nano- and micropillars have emerged as promising tools for a variety of biological applications. Despite their increasing usage, the interaction mechanisms of cells with these rigid structures and their effect on single- and collective-cell behaviors are not well understood for different cell types. In the present study, we examine the response of glioma cells ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.6b08668

15. Divergence times and the evolution of morphological complexity in an early land plant lineage (Marchantiopsida) with a slow molecular rate

Author:
Juan Carlos Villarreal A.; Barbara J. Crandall‐Stotler; Michelle L. Hart; David G. Long; Laura L. Forrest
Source:
new phytologist 2016 v.209 no.4 pp. 1734-1746
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
gametophytes; loci; gas exchange; branching; data collection; Bayesian theory; age determination; phylogeny; Marchantia polymorpha; sex chromosomes; mosses and liverworts
Abstract:
... We present a complete generic‐level phylogeny of the complex thalloid liverworts, a lineage that includes the model system Marchantia polymorpha. The complex thalloids are remarkable for their slow rate of molecular evolution and for being the only extant plant lineage to differentiate gas exchange tissues in the gametophyte generation. We estimated the divergence times and analyzed the evolutiona ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.13716

16. Ecological functions of Trichoderma spp. and their secondary metabolites in the rhizosphere: interactions with plants

Author:
Hexon Angel Contreras-Cornejo; Lourdes Macías-Rodríguez; Ek del-Val; John Larsen
Source:
FEMS microbiology ecology 2016 v.92 no.4 pp. fiw036
ISSN:
1574-6941
Subject:
Trichoderma; agroecosystems; antibiotics; biomass; branching; cell division; ecological function; fungi; nonribosomal peptides; nutrient uptake; parasitism; pyrones; rhizosphere; roots; soil; terpenoids
Abstract:
... Trichoderma spp. are common soil and root inhabitants that have been widely studied due to their capacity to produce antibiotics, parasitize other fungi and compete with deleterious plant microorganisms. These fungi produce a number of secondary metabolites such as non-ribosomal peptides, terpenoids, pyrones and indolic-derived compounds. In the rhizosphere, the exchange and recognition of signali ...
DOI:
10.1093/femsec/fiw036

17. Effect of Dates of Sowing and Soil Moisture Level in Different Growth Stages and Yield Dynamics of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

Author:
Pemba Hissay Bhutia; Amit Baran Sharangi
Source:
National Academy science letters 2016 v.39 no.2 pp. 77-80
ISSN:
0250-541X
Subject:
Trigonella foenum-graecum; branching; fenugreek; flowering; irrigation; planting; seed yield; seedlings; soil depth; soil water; soil water content; sowing date
Abstract:
... The main objective of this study was to identify the best date of sowing and soil moisture content at different soil depths to get the highest seed production for fenugreek. Plots were planted for 2 years (2012–2013 and 2013–2014) at the following sowing dates: 2nd, 9th, 16th and 23rd and 30th November (D₁, D₂, D₃, D₄ and D₅). It may be concluded that to obtain higher seed yield, fenugreek should ...
DOI:
10.1007/s40009-016-0428-2

18. Effect of arsenate As (V) on the biomarkers of Myriophyllum alterniflorum in oligotrophic and eutrophic conditions

Author:
M. Krayem; V. Deluchat; M. Rabiet; K. Cleries; J.F. Lenain; Z. Saad; V. Kazpard; P. Labrousse
Source:
Chemosphere 2016 v.147 pp. 131-137
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Myriophyllum; arsenates; arsenic; biomarkers; branching; chlorophyll; eutrophication; hydrogen peroxide; macrophytes; mineralization; osmotic pressure; photosynthesis; pigments; pollution; respiratory rate; river water; rivers; roots; shoots; water quality; France
Abstract:
... Alternate watermilfoil, Myriophyllum alterniflorum is an aquatic macrophyte found in the Limousin rivers (France) whose potential for biomonitoring of metal pollution has been demonstrated. The objective of the present study carried out in vitro was to identify biomarkers for an early detection of the pollution by a metalloid As (V) in eutrophic and oligotrophic conditions. A synthetic medium of s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.093

19. Effect of highly branched hyphal morphology on the enhanced production of cellulase in Trichoderma reesei DES-15

Author:
Ronglin He; Chen Li; Lijuan Ma; Dongyuan Zhang; Shulin Chen
Source:
3 Biotech 2016 v.6 no.2 pp. 214
ISSN:
2190-572X
Subject:
Trichoderma reesei; batch fermentation; branching; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase; fermenters; gene expression; genes; hyphae; mutagenesis; mutants; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; sulfites; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... The morphology of Trichoderma reesei is a vitally important factor for cellulase productivity. This study investigated the effect of hyphal morphology on cellulase production in the hyper-cellulolytic mutant, T. reesei DES-15. With a distinct morphology, T. reesei DES-15 was obtained through Diethyl sulfite (DES) mutagenesis. The hyphal morphology of DES-15 batch-cultured in a 5-L fermentor was si ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13205-016-0516-5
PubMed:
28330286
PubMed Central:
PMC5052222

20. Effect of nano-silicon foliar application on safflower growth under organic and inorganic fertilizer regimes

Author:
Mohsen Janmohammadi; Tahere Amanzadeh; Naser Sabaghnia; Viorel Ion
Source:
Botanica Lithuanica 2016 v.22 no.1 pp. 53-64
ISSN:
2029-932X
Subject:
Carthamus tinctorius; animal manures; branching; canopy; environmental factors; fertilizer application; field experimentation; foliar spraying; fruits; harvest index; leaf development; metabolism; mineral fertilizers; nanoparticles; nitrogen; organic fertilizers; phosphorus; physicochemical properties; plant growth; potassium; semiarid zones; silica; silicon; soil organic matter; sowing; water supply; Iran
Abstract:
... Silicon nanoparticles have distinctive physicochemical characteristics and are able to enter into plants and impact the metabolism of plants as well as improve plant growth and yield under unfavourable environmental conditions. Besides, low soil organic matter content, imbalanced nutrient and inadequate water supply may adversely affect crop productivity in semiarid areas. To understand the effect ...
DOI:
10.1515/botlit-2016-0005

21. Effect of phosphorus starvation on hormone content and growth of barley plants

Author:
Lidiya B. Vysotskaya; Arina W. Trekozova; Guzel R. Kudoyarova
Source:
Acta physiologiae plantarum 2016 v.38 no.5 pp. 108
ISSN:
0137-5881
Subject:
abscisic acid; auxins; barley; branching; cytokinins; phosphorus; root growth; roots; somatotropin; starvation
Abstract:
... To address the question of the role of phytohormones in the growth responses induced by P availability, we compared the effects of low P on the growth of barley plants, and the contents of auxin, cytokinins and abscisic acid (ABA). Comparative study of the changes in growth and hormones’ levels in response to P-starvation showed that relative activation of root growth may be related to the decline ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11738-016-2127-5

22. Effects of chemical additives on the fermentation quality and N distribution of alfalfa silage in south of China

Author:
Ping Li; Shuren Ji; Chen Hou; Haiyang Tang; Qian Wang; Yixin Shen
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.12 pp. 1472-1479
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
additives; alfalfa; alfalfa silage; ambient temperature; branching; citrates; crude protein; dry matter digestibility; ethanol; formic acid; frost; nonprotein nitrogen; pH; propionic acid; silage additives; silage fermentation; silos; sodium carbonate; storage temperature; sucrose; China
Abstract:
... In order to better utilize the last cut alfalfa harvested before killing frost in a high moisture environment, the effects of chemical additives on the quality of alfalfa silage were studied in south of China. The alfalfa was freshly harvested at branching stage, and wilted by dry matter content of about 300 g/kg (fresh matter basis). Silage was prepared by using a small‐scale silage fermentation ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12600

23. Effects of ethylene on shoot initiation, leaf yellowing, and shoot tip necrosis in roses

Author:
Jun Seong Park; Aung Htay Naing; Chang Kil Kim
Source:
Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture 2016 v.127 no.2 pp. 425-431
ISSN:
0167-6857
Subject:
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; Rosa; branching; cultivars; ethylene; ethylene production; indole acetic acid; leaves; necrosis; nitroprusside; shoot tips; silver thiosulfate; single nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to investigate the in vitro influence of ethylene on shoot branching and leaf yellowing in the rose cultivar Tineke by using different compounds that regulate ethylene inhibition and stimulation. Aminoethoxy vinyl glycine (AVG), silver thiosulfate (STS), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) caused enhanced apical shoot initiation and reduced leaf yellowing, via inhibition of eth ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11240-016-1066-6

24. Effects of fragment size and sediment heterogeneity on the colonization and growth of Myriophyllum spicatum

Author:
Feng Li; Yingying Qin; Lianlian Zhu; Yonghong Xie; Shichu Liang; Cong Hu; Xinsheng Chen; Zhengmiao Deng
Source:
Ecological engineering 2016 v.95 pp. 457-462
ISSN:
0925-8574
Subject:
Myriophyllum spicatum; acclimation; branching; clay; dry matter partitioning; macrophytes; nitrogen content; phosphorus; reproduction; root shoot ratio; sand
Abstract:
... Fragment colonization plays an important role in regulating the growth, reproduction, and expansion of submerged macrophytes. However, the influence of the interaction of fragment length and sediment heterogeneity on fragment colonization and growth is far from clear. Here, we investigated the effect of fragment length and sediment heterogeneity on the colonization and growth of a typical submerge ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.097

25. Enhanced expression of OsSPL14 gene and its association with yield components in rice (Oryza sativa) under low nitrogen conditions

Author:
B. Srikanth; I. Subhakara Rao; K. Surekha; D. Subrahmanyam; S.R. Voleti; C.N. Neeraja
Source:
Gene 2016 v.576 no.1 pp. 441-450
ISSN:
0378-1119
Subject:
Oryza sativa; branches; branching; cost effectiveness; fertilizer application; filling period; genes; genetic variation; genotype; grain yield; inflorescences; leaves; nitrogen; nitrogen metabolism; nitrous oxide; nutrient use efficiency; plant growth; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rice; transactivators; yield components
Abstract:
... Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in rice crop is the need of the hour for reduction of nitrous oxide emission resulting from excess nitrogen (N) fertilizer application and also in reduction of cost of cultivation. Ten rice genotypes were grown under low and recommended dose of N application and characterized in terms of parameters related to yield, yield related components and NUE indicators. Wide ge ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gene.2015.10.062

26. Evolution of mitochondrial gene order in Annelida

Author:
Anne Weigert; Anja Golombek; Michael Gerth; Francine Schwarz; Torsten H. Struck; Christoph Bleidorn
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2016 v.94 pp. 196-206
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Annelida; animals; branching; genes; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; nucleotide sequences; phylogeny; transposition (genetics)
Abstract:
... Annelida is a highly diverse animal group with over 21,000 described species. As part of Lophotrochozoa, the vast majority of annelids are currently classified into two groups: Errantia and Sedentaria, together forming Pleistoannelida. Besides these taxa, Sipuncula, Amphinomidae, Chaetopteridae, Oweniidae and Magelonidae can be found branching at the base of the tree. Comparisons of mitochondrial ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2015.08.008

27. Experimental and genomic evidence for the indica-type cytoplasmic effect in Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica

Author:
You-hong LIU; Liang TANG; Quan XU; Dian-rong MA; Ming-hui ZHAO; Jian SUN; Wen-fu CHEN
Source:
Journal of integrative agriculture 2016 v.15 no.10 pp. 2183-2191
ISSN:
2095-3119
Subject:
Oryza sativa; branching; cultivars; cytoplasm; flowers; genetic markers; hybridization; nutrition; parents; rice; sequence analysis; single nucleotide polymorphism; substitution lines; tillers; yield components; China
Abstract:
... Cytoplasmic effects are important agronomical phenomena that have generated widespread interest in both theory and application. In the present study, five high yield rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) in large-scale cultivation in northeast China were determined to possess Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica-type cytoplasm using cytoplasmic subspecies-specific molecular markers. This was confi ...
DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61190-X

28. Expression of IPT in Asakura-sanshoo (Zanthoxylum piperitum (L.) DC. f. inerme Makino) Alters Tree Architecture, Delays Leaf Senescence, and Changes Leaf Essential Oil Composition

Author:
Xiao-Fang Zeng; De-Gang Zhao
Source:
Plant molecular biology reporter 2016 v.34 no.3 pp. 649-658
ISSN:
0735-9640
Subject:
Agrobacterium radiobacter; Zanthoxylum piperitum; aromatic compounds; auxins; biosynthesis; branching; cytokinins; essential oils; genes; genetic transformation; growth habit; leaves; phenotype; sesquiterpenoids; stem elongation; surface area; transgenic plants; trees
Abstract:
... The IPT gene encodes isopentenyl pyrophosphate transferase, a key enzyme in cytokinin biosynthesis. We introduced IPT under the control of the CaMV35S promoter into Asakura-sanshoo (Zanthoxylum piperitum (L.) DC. f. inerme Makino) via stable Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Three of 3-year-old transgenic Asakura-sanshoo lines Y5, Y16, and Y17 were used to evaluate the effects of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11105-015-0948-9
PubMed:
27182107
PubMed Central:
PMC4848336

29. Fine‐tuning by strigolactones of root response to low phosphate

Author:
Yoram Kapulnik; Hinanit Koltai
Source:
Journal of integrative plant biology 2016 v.58 no.3 pp. 203-212
ISSN:
1672-9072
Subject:
auxins; biosynthesis; branching; exudation; hyphae; mycorrhizal fungi; phosphates; plant hormones; rhizosphere; root hairs; shoots
Abstract:
... Strigolactones are plant hormones that regulate the development of different plant parts. In the shoot, they regulate axillary bud outgrowth and in the root, root architecture and root‐hair length and density. Strigolactones are also involved with communication in the rhizosphere, including enhancement of hyphal branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Here we present the role and activity of st ...
DOI:
10.1111/jipb.12454

30. First inventory of lichens from the Brazilian Amazon in Amapá State

Author:
da Silva Cáceres Marcela Eugenia; Aptroot André
Source:
Bryologist 2016 v.119 no.3 pp. 250-265
ISSN:
0007-2745
Subject:
Astrothelium; Coenogonium; Endocarpon; Neotropics; Rhizophora; Thelenella; apothecia; asci; ascospores; branching; conidia; inventories; lichens; new species; sporodochia; thallus; warts; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... Preliminary results are presented of a lichen exploration in Amapá State in Brazil. The following new species are described: Absconditella termitariicola with apothecia immersed to emergent, often partly covered by the thallus, 0.15–0.25 mm diam., pale ochraceous; asci pyriform; ascospores 1-septate, 10–12 × 4.0–5.0 μm, Astrothelium lineatum with orange thallus with orange, often linear pseudostro ...
DOI:
10.1639/0007-2745-119.3.250

31. First report of Phytophthora nicotianae on Catharanthus roseus in Bangladesh

Author:
T. Farhana; R. L. Wick; M. T. Islam
Source:
Journal of plant pathology 2016 v.98 no.1 pp. 181
ISSN:
1125-4653
Subject:
Catharanthus roseus; Phytophthora nicotianae; agar; agricultural colleges; branching; corn meal; genetic databases; herbal medicines; internal transcribed spacers; landscapes; leaf blight; leaves; mycelium; ornamental plants; pathogenicity; pathogens; planting; ribosomal DNA; sporangia; stem cankers; subtropics; zoospores; Bangladesh; Madagascar
Abstract:
... Annual vinca (Catharanthus roseus), also known as Madagascar periwinkle, is native to the island of Madagascar, and now common in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including Bangladesh (Chevallier, 1996). It has long been cultivated for herbal medicine and as an ornamental plant. Symptoms of stem canker and leaf blight developed on C. roseus in a landscape planting at Bangabandhu Sh ...
DOI:
10.4454/JPP.V98I1.024

32. First report of damping off of Vaccinium bracteatum caused by Ceratobasidium SP. from Eastern China

Author:
T. T. Dai
Source:
Journal of plant pathology 2016 v.98 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
1125-4653
Subject:
4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; Ceratobasidium; DNA; Vaccinium bracteatum; agar; antioxidant activity; blueberries; branching; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; conidia; crops; damping off; disease control; disease incidence; fungi; greenhouses; herbal medicines; host range; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; mycelium; pathogenicity; pathogens; plantlets; root rot; roots; seedlings; sodium hypochlorite; stems; China
Abstract:
... Oriental blueberry (Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb.) is a source of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, having anti-fatigue and antioxidant activity. From 2012 to 2013, blueberry seedlings with symptoms of damping off were observed in seven commercial crops in Zhangzhu county, Yixi City, Jiangsu Province, China with a disease incidence of approximately 60%. Infected seedlings showed water soaked le ...
DOI:
10.4454/JPP.V98I2.011

33. Floral development of Lavatera trimestris and Malva hispanica reveals the nature of the epicalyx in the Malva generic alliance

Author:
María A. Bello; Aránzazu Martínez‐Asperilla; Javier Fuertes‐Aguilar
Source:
Botanical journal of the Linnean Society 2016 v.181 no.1 pp. 84-98
ISSN:
0024-4074
Subject:
Lavatera; Malva; androecium; bracts; branches; branching; calyx; flowering; gynoecium; leaves
Abstract:
... The epicalyx is a structure below the calyx that is often integrated in floral display. In Malvales, the epicalyx is interpreted to be formed by bracts derived from inflorescence reduction. In this study, we compare the epicalyx and flower development of Lavatera trimestris and Malva hispanica, which are close relatives but show contrasting morphologies. Both species exhibit cymose branching, stip ...
DOI:
10.1111/boj.12391

34. Four receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinases regulate development and immunity in rice

Author:
Xiaogang Zhou; Jing Wang; Chunfang Peng; Xiaobo Zhu; Junjie Yin; Weitao Li; Min He; Jichun Wang; Mawsheng Chern; Can Yuan; Wenguan Wu; Weiwei Ma; Peng Qin; Bintian Ma; Xianjun Wu; Shigui Li; Pamela Ronald; Xuewei Chen
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 2016 v.39 no.6 pp. 1381-1392
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae; branching; brassinolide; gene expression; genes; immune response; immunologic receptors; inflorescences; leaf angle; phosphotransferases (kinases); plant proteins; rice; seeds; tillers; transgenic plants; yeasts
Abstract:
... Receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) represent a large family of proteins in plants. However, few RLCKs have been well characterized. Here, we report the functional characterization of four rice RLCKs – OsRLCK57, OsRLCK107, OsRLCK118 and OsRLCK176 from subfamily VII. These OsRLCKs interact with the rice brassinosteroid receptor, OsBRI1 in yeast cell, but not the XA21 immune receptor. Transgen ...
DOI:
10.1111/pce.12696

35. Fragment growth performance of the invasive submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum under conditions of different water depths and sediment types

Author:
Feng Li; Lianlian Zhu; Yonghong Xie; Shichu Liang; Cong Hu; Xinsheng Chen; Zhengmiao Deng
Source:
Aquatic ecology 2016 v.50 no.4 pp. 727-734
ISSN:
1386-2588
Subject:
Myriophyllum spicatum; branching; ecological invasion; environmental factors; growth performance; invasive species; macrophytes; nitrogen content; phosphorus; sand; wetlands
Abstract:
... In wetlands, many invasive plants, especially submerged macrophytes, are propagated by vegetative fragments. Fragment colonization and growth, the first step of plant invasion, strongly depend on the species and environment. In this study, the influences of water depth and sediment type on fragment growth performance of Myriophyllum spicatum were evaluated in an outdoor experiment. The experiment ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10452-016-9589-9

36. Functional redundancy in the control of seedling growth by the karrikin signaling pathway

Author:
John P. Stanga; Nicholas Morffy; David C. Nelson
Source:
Planta 2016 v.243 no.6 pp. 1397-1406
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; F-box proteins; branching; etiolation; genes; hydrolases; hypocotyls; loss-of-function mutation; models; mutants; petioles; phenotype; photomorphogenesis; plant hormones; seed dormancy; seed germination; seedling growth; seedlings; signal transduction; smoke; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... MAIN CONCLUSION : SMAX1 and SMXL2 control seedling growth, demonstrating functional redundancy within a gene family that mediates karrikin and strigolactone responses. Strigolactones (SLs) are plant hormones with butenolide moieties that control diverse aspects of plant growth, including shoot branching. Karrikins (KARs) are butenolide molecules found in smoke that enhance seed germination and see ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-015-2458-2

37. Gene expression profiling of reproductive meristem types in early rice inflorescences by laser microdissection

Author:
Thomas W. R. Harrop; Israr Ud Din; Veronica Gregis; Michela Osnato; Stefan Jouannic; Hélène Adam; Martin M. Kater
Source:
plant journal 2016 v.86 no.1 pp. 75-88
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
Oryza sativa; branching; flowering; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; grain yield; inflorescences; landscapes; meristems; rice; seed development; seeds; transcription factors
Abstract:
... In rice, inflorescence architecture is established at early stages of reproductive development and contributes directly to grain yield potential. After induction of flowering, the complexity of branching, and therefore the number of seeds on the panicle, is determined by the activity of different meristem types and the timing of transitions between them. Although some of the genes involved in thes ...
DOI:
10.1111/tpj.13147

38. Genetic analysis of NEKODE1 gene involved in panicle branching of foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv., and mapping by using QTL-seq

Author:
Hisato Masumoto; Hiroki Takagi; Yohei Mukainari; Ryohei Terauchi; Kenji Fukunaga
Source:
Molecular breeding 2016 v.36 no.5 pp. 59
ISSN:
1380-3743
Subject:
Setaria italica; branching; chromosome mapping; chromosomes; databases; dominant genes; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; inflorescences; landraces; microsatellite repeats
Abstract:
... We carried out genetic analysis and mapping of a gene for the tip-branched panicle (Nekode or Neko-ashi in Japanese) in foxtail millet. We revealed that this trait is controlled by a single dominant gene by using two F₂ populations and designated the gene as NEKODE1. By using an F₂ population between closely related Taiwanese landraces with a new method based on next-generation sequencing (NGS), Q ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11032-016-0481-z

39. Genotoxic and Histopathological Effects of Olive-Mill Wastewater on Lepomis gibbosus

Author:
Serdar Koca; Yucel Basimoglu Koca
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2016 v.227 no.3 pp. 81
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
Lepomis gibbosus; aquariums; atrophy; blood vessels; branching; edema; epithelium; fish; genotoxicity; gills; glycogen; hepatocytes; histopathology; hyperplasia; lakes; liver; mucus; muscles; myofibrils; necrosis; parenchyma (animal tissue); wastewater
Abstract:
... In this study, the genotoxic and histopathological effects of olive-mill wastewater (OMW) on the tissue cells of Lepomis gibbosus were investigated. The fish were caught from Topçam dam lake (Çine/Aydın) and were exposed to the wastewater in 50-L aquariums which contained 0.5 % OMW for 3–5 and 7 days. In genotoxic investigations, a statistically significant increase was observed in the frequency o ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-016-2769-3

40. Genotypic variation in salt tolerance of Ulmus pumila plants obtained by shoot micropropagation

Author:
Deyu Mu; Janusz J. Zwiazek; Zhouqi Li; Wenqing Zhang
Source:
Acta physiologiae plantarum 2016 v.38 no.8 pp. 188
ISSN:
0137-5881
Subject:
Ulmus pumila; antioxidants; branching; chlorophyll; clones; cluster analysis; drought tolerance; enzyme activity; magnesium sulfate; malondialdehyde; micropropagation; osmoregulation; peroxidase; plantlets; potassium sulfate; proline; proteins; salinity; salt tolerance; seawater; shoots; sodium bicarbonate; sodium chloride; sugars; superoxide dismutase; temperature; trees; Asia
Abstract:
... Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila L.) is a tree native to Asia and is widely cultivated in the other parts of the world due to its resistance to drought, temperature extremes, and salinity. In this study, we obtained nine clones of Siberian elm by in vitro shoot propagation of trees varying in growth, morphological characteristics, and salt tolerance in the field to examine traits linked to salt toleranc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11738-016-2189-4

41. Growth architecture and microsporangiate strobilus of Sublepidodendron grabaui (Lycopsida) from the Late Devonian of South China

Author:
Mei-Cen Meng; Le Liu; De-Ming Wang; Jian-Xin Yao
Source:
Review of palaeobotany and palynology 2016 v.224 pp. 83-93
ISSN:
0034-6667
Subject:
Devonian period; branching; microspores; secondary xylem; stele; China
Abstract:
... The arborescent lycopsid Sublepidodendron grabaui was widely distributed in the Late Devonian of South China. Its morphology and anatomy have been described, but the microsporangiate strobilus remains unclear. New material collected from the Guanshan Member of the Wutong Formation in Zhejiang Province allowed us to provide more details of this plant. The pseudomonopodial axis without secondary xyl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.06.002

42. Hairy root cultures of Panax vietnamensis, a promising approach for the production of ocotillol-type ginsenosides

Author:
Loan Thi Ha; Nathalie Pawlicki-Jullian; Michelle Pillon-Lequart; Michèle Boitel-Conti; Hoa Xo Duong; Eric Gontier
Source:
Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture 2016 v.126 no.1 pp. 93-103
ISSN:
0167-6857
Subject:
Panax vietnamensis; Rhizobium rhizogenes; active ingredients; biomass production; branching; explants; genetically modified organisms; ginsenosides; phenotype; polymerase chain reaction; rhizomes; roots
Abstract:
... Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. is an important source of majonoside R2, a dammarane saponin with an ocotillol side-chain, which is an interesting pharmacological active compound. Thirty-one transformed root lines were obtained after the inoculation of in vitro shoot explants of P. vietnamensis with Rhizobium rhizogenes ATCC 15834 strain. The transgenic nature of the hairy roots was confirmed by ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11240-016-0980-y

43. Homogenization and Truncation Processes in Inflorescences of Cyperaceae

Author:
A. Bender; J. C. Ramos; J. C. Tivano; A. C. Vegetti
Source:
botanical review 2016 v.82 no.3 pp. 229-238
ISSN:
0006-8101
Subject:
Cyperus; Kobresia; branches; branching; homogenization; inflorescences
Abstract:
... This work presents an analysis of the homogenization and truncation processes in Cyperaceae inflorescences. The truncation process is rare in Cyperaceae. There may be homogenized inflorescences but in general these inflorescences present a terminal spikelet. In the few studied cases of truncated inflorescences in Cyperaceae the truncation process may affect the terminal spikelet, only on the main ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12229-016-9162-1

44. Identification of multiple transferrin species in the spleen and serum from mice with collagen-induced arthritis which may reflect changes in transferrin glycosylation associated with disease activity: The role of CD38

Author:
A. Rosal-Vela; A. Barroso; E. Giménez; S. García-Rodríguez; V. Longobardo; J. Postigo; M. Iglesias; A. Lario; J. Merino; R. Merino; M. Zubiaur; V. Sanz-Nebot; J. Sancho
Source:
Journal of proteomics 2016 v.134 pp. 127-137
ISSN:
1874-3919
Subject:
arthritis; autoimmune diseases; blood serum; branching; collagen; data collection; exosomes; glycopeptides; glycosylation; inflammation; mice; multivariate analysis; proteome; receptors; spleen; tissues; transferrin
Abstract:
... Collagen type II-induced arthritis (CIA) is an inflammatory and autoimmune disease. Spleen protein extracts were subjected to 2D-DiGE and MS-MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis to identify protein species that differ in abundance in CD38-KO versus B6 WT mice either with arthritis or with inflammation. Using multivariate analyses, in Col-II-immunized mice, 23 distinct spleen protein species were able to discrim ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jprot.2015.11.023

45. Indole-3-acetic acid in Fusarium graminearum: Identification of biosynthetic pathways and characterization of physiological effects

Author:
Kun Luo; Hélène Rocheleau; Peng-Fei Qi; You-Liang Zheng; Hui-Yan Zhao; Thérèse Ouellet
Source:
Fungal biology 2016 v.120 no.9 pp. 1135-1145
ISSN:
1878-6146
Subject:
15-acetyldeoxynivalenol; Fusarium graminearum; Fusarium head blight; biochemical pathways; branching; fungi; germination; hyphae; indole acetic acid; mycelium; tissues; tryptamine; wheat
Abstract:
... Fusarium graminearum is a devastating pathogenic fungus causing fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat. This fungus can produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and a very large amount of IAA accumulates in wheat head tissues during the first few days of infection by F. graminearum. Using liquid culture conditions, we have determined that F. graminearum can use tryptamine (TAM) and indole-3-acetonitrile (I ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.funbio.2016.06.002

46. Involvement of the T-box transcription factor Brachyury in early-stage embryonic mouse salivary gland

Author:
Kouhei Hayashi; Tatsuya Ikari; Goro Sugiyama; Tsuyoshi Sugiura; Yukiko Ohyama; Wataru Kumamaru; Kanemitsu Shirasuna; Yoshihide Mori
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2016 pp. -
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
Western blotting; branching; cell growth; embryogenesis; fibronectins; genes; mice; morphogenesis; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; salivary glands; transcription factors
Abstract:
... The mouse submandibular gland (SMG) is important organ for embryonic development, and branching morphogenesis is regulated by many molecules containing transcription factors. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of Brachyury increased in the SMG and peaked between E12.5–E13.5, concomitant with the early stage of branching morphogenesis. The express ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.140

47. Leaf venation studies of 30 varieties of Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae)

Author:
Bhavna Sharma; Susy Albert; Haresh Dhaduk
Source:
Webbia 2016 v.71 no.2 pp. 253-263
ISSN:
2169-4060
Subject:
Mangifera indica; branching; cluster analysis; leaves; plant identification
Abstract:
... Leaf morphological characters are important, especially for plant identification and classification. Leaf morphological characters are mainly used for classifying a particular genus, species and varieties, but leaf architectural patterns are not much studied. This study has been undertaken for identification of 30 Mangifera indica L. varieties based on venation characteristics. The results showed ...
DOI:
10.1080/00837792.2016.1175092

48. Leifiporia rhizomorpha gen. et sp. nov. and L. eucalypti comb. nov. in Polyporaceae (Basidiomycota)

Author:
Chang-Lin Zhao; Fang Wu; Yu-Cheng Dai
Source:
Mycological progress 2016 v.15 no.7 pp. 799-809
ISSN:
1617-416X
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Pycnoporus; Trametes; basidiomata; basidiospores; branching; fungi; genes; growth habit; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; monophyly; new combination; new genus; new species
Abstract:
... A new poroid wood-inhabiting fungal genus, Leifiporia, is proposed, based on morphological and molecular evidence, which is typified by L. rhizomorpha sp. nov. The genus is characterized by an annual growth habit, resupinate basidiocarps with white to cream pore surface, a dimitic hyphal system with generative hyphae bearing clamp connections and branching mostly at right angles, skeletal hyphae p ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11557-016-1210-z

49. Light signaling and plant responses to blue and UV radiations—Perspectives for applications in horticulture

Author:
Lydie Huché-Thélier; Laurent Crespel; José Le Gourrierec; Philippe Morel; Soulaiman Sakr; Nathalie Leduc
Source:
Environmental and experimental botany 2016 v.121 pp. 22-38
ISSN:
0098-8472
Subject:
branching; flowering; horticulture; metabolites; phenotype; photoreceptors; plant response; seedlings; signal transduction; wavelengths
Abstract:
... Ultra-violet (UV) and blue radiations are perceived by plants through several photoreceptors. They regulate a large range of processes throughout plant life. Along with red radiations, they are involved in diverse photomorphogenic responses, e.g., seedling development, branching or flowering. In this paper, we present an overview of UV- and blue-radiations signaling pathways in some key physiologi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2015.06.009

50. Mapping a major QTL responsible for dwarf architecture in Brassica napus using a single-nucleotide polymorphism marker approach

Author:
Yankun Wang; Wenjing Chen; Pu Chu; Shubei Wan; Mao Yang; Mingming Wang; Rongzhan Guan
Source:
BMC plant biology 2016 v.16 no.1 pp. 178
ISSN:
1471-2229
Subject:
Brassica napus; backcrossing; branching; canola; chromosome mapping; cultivars; dwarfing; ethyl methanesulfonate; genes; harvest index; inflorescences; leaves; linkage groups; loci; lodging resistance; mutants; plant architecture; plant density; plant development; planting; pleiotropy; quantitative trait loci; single nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Key genes related to plant type traits have played very important roles in the “green revolution” by increasing lodging resistance and elevating the harvest indices of crop cultivars. Although there have been numerous achievements in the development of dwarfism and plant type in Brassica napus breeding, exploring new materials conferring oilseed rape with efficient plant types that pro ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12870-016-0865-6
PubMed:
27538713
PubMed Central:
PMC4991092

51. Matrix stiffness modulates formation and activity of neuronal networks of controlled architectures

Author:
Joséphine Lantoine; Thomas Grevesse; Agnès Villers; Geoffrey Delhaye; Camille Mestdagh; Marie Versaevel; Danahe Mohammed; Céline Bruyère; Laura Alaimo; Stéphanie P. Lacour; Laurence Ris; Sylvain Gabriele
Source:
Biomaterials 2016 v.89 pp. 14-24
ISSN:
0142-9612
Subject:
action potentials; branching; cell culture; mechanical properties; modulus of elasticity; neural networks; neurons; tissue engineering; topology
Abstract:
... The ability to construct easily in vitro networks of primary neurons organized with imposed topologies is required for neural tissue engineering as well as for the development of neuronal interfaces with desirable characteristics. However, accumulating evidence suggests that the mechanical properties of the culture matrix can modulate important neuronal functions such as growth, extension, branchi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.02.041

52. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Solid Epoxy Resins: Study of Molecular Weight by GPC and MALDI-TOF/MS

Author:
Bogdal Dariusz; Gorczyk Jaroslaw; Kwasek Beata
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry 2016 v.4 no.6 pp. 3024-3031
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
bisphenol A; branching; desorption; epoxides; gel chromatography; ionization; mass spectrometry; microwave radiation; microwave treatment; molecular weight; polymerization; polystyrenes; resins
Abstract:
... A new method of preparation of solid epoxy resins (SER) with desired epoxy-group content via an advanced process under microwave irradiation is presented together with the results of molecular weight measurements for narrow oligomeric fractions obtained from chromatographic separation of SER. All the measurements were performed using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and matrix-assisted laser de ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b01786

53. Modular growth and clonal propagation of Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis in response to irrigation intensity

Author:
Zilin Cao; Tianjiang Li; Genqian Li; Chunhong Liu; Haiyin Gao; Guanghui Dai; Zhiyong Xiao; Sunling Li
Source:
Journal of forestry research 2016 v.27 no.5 pp. 1019-1028
ISSN:
1007-662X
Subject:
Hippophae rhamnoides; branching; field experimentation; irrigation rates; longevity; plantations; root nodules; semiarid zones; water shortages; water stress
Abstract:
... A multipurpose clone plant species, Hippophae rhamniodes has the capacity for indefinite longevity, although under successive drought stress it may often decline or die across large areas. Field trials were conducted over 2 years to examine the effects of varied irrigation intensities on modular growth and clonal propagation in a semi-arid area. Irrigation levels included a control, as well as two ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11676-016-0236-z

54. Morphological analysis of the 6b oncogene-induced enation syndrome

Author:
Ke Chen; Léon Otten
Source:
Planta 2016 v.243 no.1 pp. 131-148
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
Agrobacterium; Nicotiana tabacum; aerial parts; branching; hyperplasia; hypertrophy; leaf primordia; messenger RNA; oncogenes; petioles; phenotype; stems; tobacco; transfer DNA; trichomes
Abstract:
... MAIN CONCLUSION : The T-DNA 6b oncogene induces complex and partly unprecedented phenotypic changes in tobacco stems and leaves, which result from hypertrophy and hyperplasia with ectopic spot-like, ridge-like and sheet-like meristems. The Agrobacterium T-DNA oncogene 6b causes complex growth changes in tobacco including enations; this unusual phenotype has been called “6b enation syndrome”. A det ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-015-2387-0

55. Morphology and stomatal density of developing Arceuthobium americanum (lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe) fruit: a qualitative and quantitative analysis using environmental scanning electron microscopy1

Author:
Dylan J. Ziegler; Cynthia Ross Friedman
Source:
Botany 2016 v.95 no.3 pp. 347-356
ISSN:
1916-2804
Subject:
Arceuthobium americanum; Pinus contorta var. latifolia; abscission; branching; calyx; dioecy; growing season; growth retardation; pedicel; pericarp; quantitative analysis; scanning electron microscopy; seeds; stigma; stomata; transpiration
Abstract:
... Arceuthobium americanum Nutt. ex Engelm., the lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe, is a dioecious parasitic flowering plant infecting lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta subsp. latifolia (Engelm.) Critchfield) in the Pacific Northwest, compromising timber value by stunting the host’s growth. The plant disperses its seeds by explosive discharge, and thus understanding its reproduction is an integral step tow ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjb-2016-0187

56. Multigene phylogeny of the red algal subclass Nemaliophycidae

Author:
Daryl W. Lam; Heroen Verbruggen; Gary W. Saunders; Morgan L. Vis
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2016 v.94 pp. 730-736
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Acrochaetiales; Bayesian theory; Nemaliales; Palmariales; algae; ancestry; branching; data collection; endosymbionts; eukaryotic cells; freshwater; life history; marine ecosystems; mitochondria; models; monophyly; photosynthesis; reproductive traits; topology
Abstract:
... The red algae (Rhodophyta) are a lineage of primary endosymbionts whose ancestors represent some of the first photosynthetic eukaryotes on the planet. They primarily inhabit marine ecosystems, with only ∼5% of species found in freshwater systems. The subclass Nemaliophycidae is very diverse in ecological and life history features and therefore a useful model to study these traits, but the phylogen ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.015

57. Neighbourhood structure and light availability influence the variations in plant design of shrubs in two cloud forests of different successional status

Author:
J. Antonio Guzmán Q; Roberto A. Cordero
Source:
Annals of botany 2016 v.118 no.1 pp. 23-34
ISSN:
1095-8290
Subject:
Palicourea; Psychotria; allometry; biomechanics; branching; canopy; least squares; mechanical loads; models; photographs; plant density; shrubs; tropical montane cloud forests; understory; Costa Rica
Abstract:
... Background and Aims Plant design refers to the construction of the plant body or its constituent parts in terms of form and function. Although neighbourhood structure is recognized as a factor that limits plant survival and species coexistence, its relative importance in plant design is not well understood. We conducted field research to analyse how the surrounding environment of neighbourhood str ...
DOI:
10.1093/aob/mcw078
PubMed:
27245635
PubMed Central:
PMC4934397

58. New partners and phosphorylation sites of focal adhesion kinase identified by mass spectrometry

Author:
Maria del Mar Masdeu; Beatriz G. Armendáriz; Eduardo Soriano; Jesús Mariano Ureña; Ferran Burgaya
Source:
Biochimica et biophysica acta 2016 v.1860 no.7 pp. 1388-1394
ISSN:
0304-4165
Subject:
adhesion; brain; branching; cytoskeletal proteins; mass spectrometry; mice; neurons; neuroplasticity; non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase; phosphorylation
Abstract:
... The regulation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) involves phosphorylation and multiple interactions with other signaling proteins. Some of these pathways are relevant for nervous system functions such as branching, axonal guidance, and plasticity. In this study, we screened mouse brain to identify FAK-interactive proteins and phosphorylatable residues as a first step to address the neuronal functions ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.02.019

59. New species in Bryoria (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) from north-west North America

Author:
Leena MYLLYS; Saara VELMALA; Raquel PINO-BODAS; Trevor GOWARD
Source:
Lichenologist 2016 v.48 no.5 pp. 355-365
ISSN:
1096-1135
Subject:
Bryoria; branches; branching; chemistry; internal transcribed spacers; lichens; mountains; new species; polyphyly; thallus; Alaska; South America; South East Asia
Abstract:
... Two new species of Bryoria are described based on morphology, chemistry and molecular phylogeny (ITS and Mcm7). Both species belong in section Bryoria, which was resolved as a polyphyletic group in the ITS+Mcm7 phylogeny. Bryoria alaskana belongs to a clade restricted to South-East Asia and north-west North America, and is so far known from south-east Alaska and the Sino-Himalayan Mountains. This ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0024282916000268

60. OaMAX2 of Orobanche aegyptiaca and Arabidopsis AtMAX2 share conserved functions in both development and drought responses

Author:
Weiqiang Li; Kien Huu Nguyen; Yasuko Watanabe; Shinjiro Yamaguchi; Lam-Son Phan Tran
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2016 pp. -
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Orobanche aegyptiaca; branching; crops; drought; drought tolerance; genes; hypocotyls; leaves; mutants; parasitic plants; phenotype; plant growth; root hairs; seed germination; signal transduction; stress response
Abstract:
... Previous studies in Arabidopsis reported that the MAX2 (more axillary growth 2) gene is a component of the strigolactone (SL) signaling pathway, which regulates a wide range of biological processes, from plant growth and development to environmental stress responses. Orobanche aegyptiaca is a harmful parasitic plant for many economically important crops. Seed germination of O. aegyptiaca is very s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.065

61. Observer presence may alter the behaviour of reef fishes associated with coral colonies

Author:
Pedro Henrique Cipresso Pereira; Isabela Carolina Silva Leal; Maria Elisabeth de Araújo
Source:
Marine ecology 2016 v.37 no.4 pp. 760-769
ISSN:
0173-9565
Subject:
Hydrozoa; branches; branching; corals; fish; fish communities; reefs; species diversity; swimming; Atlantic Ocean; Brazil
Abstract:
... Although underwater visual census (UVC) is the most frequently used technique for quantifying reef fish assemblages, remote video analysis has been gaining attention as a potential alternative. In the South Atlantic Ocean, Millepora spp. (class Hydrozoa) are the only branching coral species; however, little is known about the ecological role that they play for reef fish communities. We compared th ...
DOI:
10.1111/maec.12345

62. Oil productivity of seven Romanian linseed varieties as affected by weather conditions

Author:
Anca-Elena Anastasiu; Nicoleta-Aurelia Chira; Ionut Banu; Niculina Ionescu; Raluca Stan; Sorin-Ioan Rosca
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2016 v.86 pp. 219-230
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
Linum usitatissimum; agricultural land; branching; crops; cultivars; developmental stages; discriminant analysis; drought; equations; fatty acid composition; field experimentation; iodine value; irrigation; linseed; linseed oil; lipid content; plant growth; rain; temperature; Romania
Abstract:
... In order to meet the linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) oil growing demand it is necessary to understand the factors that influence the oil productivity. Among these factors, weather conditions (temperature and rainfall regime) may have an important effect on the development of the linseed plant in different growth stages and eventually on the oil productivity, in the context of a rational water use ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.03.051

63. Phylogenetic relationships among reindeer lichens of North America

Author:
Sarangi N. P. ATHUKORALA; Raquel PINO-BODAS; Soili STENROOS; Teuvo AHTI; Michele D. PIERCEY-NORMORE
Source:
Lichenologist 2016 v.48 no.3 pp. 209-227
ISSN:
1096-1135
Subject:
Cladonia; branching; genes; haplotypes; internal transcribed spacers; lichens; mitochondria; monophyly; paraphyly; reindeer; ribosomal DNA; thallus; transcription (genetics); North America
Abstract:
... Cladonia is one of the largest lichen-forming ascomycete genera. It was formerly divided into ten sections, three of which, Crustaceae (Cladina), Tenues, and Impexae, are called the reindeer lichens. While previous studies have elucidated the relationships between species and sections, they often examined only one or a few specimens of each species in the analysis. This study examined the monophyl ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0024282915000572

64. Physiological controls of chrysanthemum DgD27 gene expression in regulation of shoot branching

Author:
Chao Wen; Qingcui Zhao; Jing Nie; Guoqin Liu; Lin Shen; Chenxia Cheng; Lin Xi; Nan Ma; Liangjun Zhao
Source:
Plant cell reports 2016 v.35 no.5 pp. 1053-1070
ISSN:
0721-7714
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Chrysanthemum; Medicago; abscisic acid; biochemical pathways; branching; buds; decapitation; gene expression; gene expression regulation; gibberellins; indole acetic acid; nitrogen; phenotype; phosphates; physiological response; plant architecture; rice; roots; shoots; stems; zeatin
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE : DgD27 was cloned from D. grandiflorum for the first time and played an important role in shoot branching of chrysanthemum. Shoot branching plays an important role in determining plant architecture. D27 was previously proven to be involved in the strigolactone biosynthetic pathway in rice, Arabidopsis, and Medicago. To investigate the role of D27 in shoot branching of chrysanthemum, w ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00299-016-1938-6

65. Plant-arthropod and plant-fungus interactions in late Permian gymnospermous woods from the Bogda Mountains, Xinjiang, northwestern China

Author:
Mingli Wan; Wan Yang; Lujun Liu; Jun Wang
Source:
Review of palaeobotany and palynology 2016 v.235 pp. 120-128
ISSN:
0034-6667
Subject:
Ascomycota; Basidiomycota; Sarcoptiformes; Wuchiapingian age; branching; color; decayed wood; feces; fungi; hyphae; mountains; old and fossil wood; parenchyma (plant tissue); pith; secondary xylem; texture; tracheids; China
Abstract:
... Several lines of evidence of plant-arthropod and plant-fungus interactions are documented from the Wuchiapingian Wutonggou low-order cycle (approximate equivalent to the Wutonggou Formation) in Tarlong valley, southern Bogda Mountains, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwestern China. Fossil wood, Septomedullopitys szei Wan, Yang et Wang, contains differentially-damaged areas. Spindle-shaped p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.revpalbo.2016.10.003

66. Plant–herbivore asynchrony necessitates augmentative releases of the exotic beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata, to enhance the biological control of P arthenium hysterophorus

Author:
Rakesh K. Gupta; Kamlesh Bali; Mudasir Gani
Source:
Weed biology and management 2016 v.16 no.4 pp. 157-168
ISSN:
1444-6162
Subject:
Zygogramma bicolorata; adults; biological control; biological control agents; branching; buried seeds; defoliation; diapause; flowering; periodicity; pesticide application; plant height; prediction; soil sampling; weeds; winter
Abstract:
... Systematic information on the quantitative impact of Z ygogramma bicolorata on the biology of P arthenium hysterophorus is crucial as the seeds of this weed continue to germinate from the accumulated soil seed bank throughout the year in the form of different germinating flushes, while the activity of the beetle ceases during winter as it enters diapause. Therefore, plant–herbivore interactions ne ...
DOI:
10.1111/wbm.12106

67. Production of branched root hairs under progressive drought stress in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author:
J. Bobrownyzky
Source:
Cytology and genetics 2016 v.50 no.5 pp. 324-329
ISSN:
0095-4527
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; auxins; branching; microfilaments; mutants; root hairs; seedlings; water stress
Abstract:
... In this study, data on the production of branched root hairs in the seedlings of A. thaliana under progressive water deficit were presented. The overall production of branched hairs was quite high under stress conditions and amounted to 8.27%. On the contrary, this form of root hairs was almost absent in the control group (0.27%). The highest number of branched hairs was produced at the beginning ...
DOI:
10.3103/S0095452716050030

68. Putative zeatin O‐glucosyltransferase OscZOG1 regulates root and shoot development and formation of agronomic traits in rice

Author:
Xiao‐Ling Shang; Rong‐Rong Xie; Hua Tian; Qing‐Long Wang; Fang‐Qing Guo
Source:
Journal of integrative plant biology 2016 v.58 no.7 pp. 627-641
ISSN:
1672-9072
Subject:
Oryza sativa; RNA interference; adverse effects; agronomic traits; branches; branching; cytokinins; gene expression; genes; genetic engineering; grain yield; inflorescences; meristems; plant growth; rice; roots; shoots; tillering; transgenic plants; zeatin
Abstract:
... As a ubiquitous reaction, glucosylation controls the bioactivity of cytokinins in plant growth and development. Here we show that genetic manipulation of zeatin‐O‐glucosylation regulates the formation of important agronomic traits in rice by manipulating the expression of OscZOG1 gene, encoding a putative zeatin O‐glucosyltransferase. We found that OscZOG1 was preferentially expressed in shoot and ...
DOI:
10.1111/jipb.12444

69. PvTB1, a Teosinte Branched1 Gene Homolog, Negatively Regulates Tillering in Switchgrass

Author:
Kaijie Xu; Yongfeng Wang; Lili Shi; Fengli Sun; Shudong Liu; Yajun Xi
Source:
Journal of plant growth regulation 2016 v.35 no.1 pp. 44-53
ISSN:
0721-7595
Subject:
Panicum virgatum; Zea; aerial parts; benzyladenine; biomass production; branching; buds; corn; energy conversion; gene overexpression; genes; grasses; livestock production; phenotype; sequence homology; tillering; transcription factors; transgenic plants; water conservation
Abstract:
... Switchgrass belongs to the family Poaceae and genus Panicum, and is a highly versatile grass used for soil and water conservation, livestock production, and biomass production for energy conversion. Tillering plays an important role in determining the morphology of the aboveground parts and the final biomass yield of switchgrass. In this study, we first cloned and identified PvTB1, a teosinte bran ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00344-015-9505-x

70. Regulation of Pathogen-Triggered Tryptophan Metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana by MYB Transcription Factors and Indole Glucosinolate Conversion Products

Author:
Henning Frerigmann; Mariola Piślewska-Bednarek; Andrea Sánchez-Vallet; Antonio Molina; Erich Glawischnig; Tamara Gigolashvili; Paweł Bednarek
Source:
Molecular plant 2016 v.9 no.5 pp. 682-695
ISSN:
1674-2052
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; acids; biosynthesis; branching; fungi; gene expression; gene induction; glucosinolates; leaves; metabolites; mutants; pathogens; thioglucosidase; transcription (genetics); transcription factors; tryptophan
Abstract:
... MYB34, MYB51, and MYB122 transcription factors are known as decisive regulators of indolic glucosinolate (IG) biosynthesis with a strong impact on expression of genes encoding CYP79B2 and CYP79B3 enzymes that redundantly convert tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx). This intermediate represents a branching point for IG biosynthesis, and pathways leading to camalexin and indole-carboxylic aci ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molp.2016.01.006

71. Relationships between root diameter, root length and root branching along lateral roots in adult, field-grown maize

Author:
Qian Wu; Loïc Pagès; Jie Wu
Source:
Annals of botany 2016 v.117 no.3 pp. 379-390
ISSN:
1095-8290
Subject:
branching; corn; cultivars; foraging; geometry; mature plants; models; root growth; root systems; roots; topology
Abstract:
... Background and Aims Root diameter, especially apical diameter, plays an important role in root development and function. The variation in diameter between roots, and along roots, affects root structure and thus the root system’s overall foraging performance. However, the effect of diameter variation on root elongation, branching and topological connections has not been examined systematically in a ...
DOI:
10.1093/aob/mcv185
PubMed:
26744490
PubMed Central:
PMC4765541

72. Response of Bur and Red oak seedlings to NaCl-induced salinity

Author:
Simranjit Singh; Claudio Stasolla
Source:
Acta physiologiae plantarum 2016 v.38 no.4 pp. 104
ISSN:
0137-5881
Subject:
Quercus macrocarpa; branching; calcium; catalase; glutathione dehydrogenase (ascorbate); growth performance; leaves; magnesium; necrosis; nitrogen; nutrient uptake; photosynthesis; reactive oxygen species; root growth; root systems; roots; salinity; seedlings; sodium chloride; superoxide dismutase
Abstract:
... Growth performance of Bur oak (Q. macrocarpa Michx.) and Red oak (Q. rubra L.) under salinity conditions was assessed by growing seedlings in the presence of increasing levels of NaCl. Salinity reduced root growth in both species, although its repressive effect was more pronounced in Red oak. Exposure to 75 mM NaCl for 3 weeks almost arrested root growth in Red oak, while it reduced it only by 40  ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11738-016-2106-x

73. Response of Linola (Linum usitatissimum L.) to Different Spacings under Rainfed Conditions

Author:
M. Ali; F.U. Hasan; M. Afzal
Source:
Cercetări agronomice în Moldova 2016 v.49 no.2 pp. 87-96
ISSN:
2067-1865
Subject:
Linum usitatissimum; agricultural colleges; agronomic traits; branches; branching; geometry; harvest index; oils; on-farm research; row spacing; seed yield; seeds; university research; weeds; Moldova
Abstract:
... An experiment was conducted according to randomized complete design to determine best plant spacing and agronomic traits at research farm PMAS Arid Agriculture University Research Farm Chakwal Road, Rawalpindi, during 2008-2009. Three plant spacing’s (5, 10, 15 cm) and three row spacing’s (10, 20, 30 cm) comprised of the following treatment combinations (T1= 5×10 cm, T2= 5×20 cm, T3= 5×30 cm, T4= ...
DOI:
10.1515/cerce-2016-0017

74. Rice panicle plasticity in Near Isogenic Lines carrying a QTL for larger panicle is genotype and environment dependent

Author:
Dewi Erika Adriani; Michael Dingkuhn; Audrey Dardou; Hélène Adam; Delphine Luquet; Tanguy Lafarge
Source:
Rice 2016 v.9 no.1 pp. 28
ISSN:
1939-8425
Subject:
allometry; branches; branching; genotype; genotype-environment interaction; greenhouses; heading; image analysis; inflorescences; isogenic lines; neutralization; plant morphology; population density; quantitative trait loci; rice; shade; stem elongation
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Panicle architectural traits in rice (branching, rachis length, spikelet number) are established between panicle initiation and heading stages. They vary among genotypes and are prone to Genotype x Environment interactions. Together with panicle number, panicle architecture determines sink-based yield potential. Numerous studies analyzed genetic and environmental variation of plant mor ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12284-016-0101-x
PubMed:
27255512
PubMed Central:
PMC4889964

75. Root and leaf traits reflect distinct resource acquisition strategies in tropical lianas and trees

Author:
Courtney G. Collins; S. Joseph Wright; Nina Wurzburger
Source:
Oecologia 2016 v.180 no.4 pp. 1037-1047
ISSN:
0029-8549
Subject:
branching; carbon; carbon dioxide; drought; ecosystems; fine roots; fungi; global change; habitat fragmentation; leaf area; leaves; lianas; nitrogen; phosphorus; species diversity; symbionts; temperature; trees; tropical forests
Abstract:
... In Neotropical forests, lianas are increasing in abundance relative to trees. This increased species richness may reflect a positive response to global change factors including increased temperature, atmospheric CO₂, habitat fragmentation, and drought severity; however, questions remain as to the specific mechanisms facilitating the response. Previous work suggests that lianas may gain an ecologic ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00442-015-3410-7

76. Root plasticity of Nicotiana tabacum in response to phosphorus starvation

Author:
M. Foti; S. Dho; A. Fusconi
Source:
Plant biosystems 2016 v.150 no.3 pp. 429-435
ISSN:
1724-5575
Subject:
Nicotiana tabacum; branching; phosphates; phosphorus; starvation; tobacco
Abstract:
... Tobacco plants under low phosphate exhibited increased total and tap root length, as a result of higher apex activity, but decreased root branching in comparison with the plants grown with high Pi. The possible mechanisms and significance of these alterations, which differed from those typical of stress-induced morphogenetic responses, are discussed. ...
DOI:
10.1080/11263504.2014.986245

77. Root responses of triticale and soybean to soil compaction in the field are reproducible under controlled conditions

Author:
Tino Colombi; Achim Walter
Source:
Functional plant biology 2016 v.43 no.2 pp. 114-128
ISSN:
1445-4408
Subject:
Triticosecale; aerenchyma; Glycine max; root systems; seedlings; branching; breeding; compacted soils; soybeans; soil compaction; root growth; soil density; triticale; oxygen; roots; crops
Abstract:
... Soil compaction includes a set of underlying stresses that limit root growth such as increased impedance and limited oxygen availability. The aims of the present study were to (i) find acclimations of triticale (× Triticosecale) and soybean (Glycine max L.) roots to compacted soils in the field; (ii) reproduce these under controlled conditions; and (iii) associate these responses with soil physica ...
DOI:
10.1071/FP15194

78. Seagrass derived organic matter influences biogeochemistry, microbial communities, and seedling biomass partitioning in seagrass sediments

Author:
M. W. Fraser; J. Statton; R. K. Hovey; B. Laverock; G. A. Kendrick
Source:
Plant and soil 2016 v.400 no.1-2 pp. 133-146
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
Posidonia; biodegradation; biomass; branching; carbon sinks; community structure; dry matter partitioning; early development; leaves; microbial communities; nitrogen; nutritive value; organic matter; phosphorus; roots; seagrasses; sediments; seedling growth; seedlings
Abstract:
... AIMS: Seedling establishment is a crucial life history stage in seagrasses, yet factors that affect seedling health are poorly characterized. We investigated if organic matter (OM) additions to sediments provided nutritional benefits for seagrass seedlings through microbial degradation. METHODS: We tested the effects of sedimentary OM additions on Posidonia australis seedlings growing in tank cult ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-015-2721-0

79. Seasonal circulation patterns of the Yellow and East China Seas derived from satellite-tracked drifter trajectories and hydrographic observations

Author:
Heung-Jae Lie; Cheol-Ho Cho
Source:
Progress in oceanography 2016 v.146 pp. 121-141
ISSN:
0079-6611
Subject:
acoustics; branching; mathematical models; summer; surveys; water currents; winter; China; East China Sea; Japan; Taiwan; Yellow Sea
Abstract:
... We investigated seasonal circulation patterns of the Yellow and East China Seas (YECS), by reviewing previous works on the circulation and its dominant currents, and taking into account newly-compiled trajectories of satellite-tracked drifters collected between the 1980s and 2000s. The circulation patterns suggested before the 1990s can be categorized into two groups, depending on the identified o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pocean.2016.06.004

80. Seasonal dry-down rates and high stress tolerance promote bamboo invasion above and below treeline

Author:
Daniel E. Winkler; Yukihiro Amagai; Travis E. Huxman; Masami Kaneko; Gaku Kudo
Source:
Plant ecology 2016 v.217 no.10 pp. 1219-1234
ISSN:
1385-0237
Subject:
environmental impact; resource allocation; snowmelt; ecotones; branching; ontogeny; habitats; climate change; carbon; leaves; physiological response; remote sensing; soil water; altitude; colonizing ability; Sasa; treeline; bamboos; climate; stress tolerance
Abstract:
... How species invasions impact ecosystem structure and function at important ecotones or boundaries is unknown, but may provide insight into the impacts of climate change and the mechanisms underlying community change. The dwarf bamboo, Sasa kurilensis, may be a good system to understand these issues, as the species impacts ecosystem features as it encroaches beyond treeline into alpine systems. We ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11258-016-0649-y

81. Selection and Breeding of Suitable Crop Genotypes for Drought and Heat Periods in a Changing Climate: Which Morphological and Physiological Properties Should Be Considered?

Author:
Lyudmila Simova-Stoilova; Valya Vassileva; Urs Feller
Source:
Agriculture 2016 v.6 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2077-0472
Subject:
aquaporins; biomass; branching; buds; climate change; dehydrins; drought; embolism; epicuticular wax; fruits; genotype; heat; heat tolerance; leaf development; leaves; legumes; mesophyll; mycorrhizae; nodulation; nutrients; phloem; photosynthesis; plant breeding; plant hormones; prices; proline; proteomics; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase activase; root systems; rooting; solutes; stomatal movement; stress response; stress tolerance; xylem
Abstract:
... Selection and breeding of genotypes with improved drought/heat tolerance become key issues in the course of global change with predicted increased frequency of droughts or heat waves. Several morphological and physiological plant traits must be considered. Rooting depth, root branching, nutrient acquisition, mycorrhization, nodulation in legumes and the release of nutrients, assimilates or phytoho ...
DOI:
10.3390/agriculture6020026

82. The Significance of Multivalent Bonding Motifs and “Bond Order” in DNA-Directed Nanoparticle Crystallization

Author:
Thaner Ryan V.; Eryazici Ibrahim; Macfarlane Robert J.; Brown Keith A.; Lee Byeongdu; Nguyen SonBinh T.; Mirkin Chad A.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2016 v.138 no.19 pp. 6119-6122
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
DNA; branching; crystal structure; crystallites; crystallization; nanogold; nanoparticles; oligonucleotides; thorium
Abstract:
... Multivalent oligonucleotide-based bonding elements have been synthesized and studied for the assembly and crystallization of gold nanoparticles. Through the use of organic branching points, divalent and trivalent DNA linkers were readily incorporated into the oligonucleotide shells that define DNA-nanoparticles and compared to monovalent linker systems. These multivalent bonding motifs enable the ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.6b02479
PubMed:
27148838
PubMed Central:
PMC4928491

83. Statistical modeling of nitrogen‐dependent modulation of root system architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author:
Takao Araya; Takuya Kubo; Nicolaus von Wirén; Hideki Takahashi
Source:
Journal of integrative plant biology 2016 v.58 no.3 pp. 254-265
ISSN:
1672-9072
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; ammonium nitrate; ammonium nitrogen; branching; data collection; meta-analysis; nitrate nitrogen; nitrogen; nutrient availability; phenotype; regression analysis; root growth; root systems; roots; statistical models; time series analysis
Abstract:
... Plant root development is strongly affected by nutrient availability. Despite the importance of structure and function of roots in nutrient acquisition, statistical modeling approaches to evaluate dynamic and temporal modulations of root system architecture in response to nutrient availability have remained as widely open and exploratory areas in root biology. In this study, we developed a statist ...
DOI:
10.1111/jipb.12433

84. Stereospecificity in strigolactone biosynthesis and perception

Author:
Gavin R. Flematti; Adrian Scaffidi; Mark T. Waters; Steven M. Smith
Source:
Planta 2016 v.243 no.6 pp. 1361-1373
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
Arabidopsis; biosynthesis; branching; carotenoids; enantiomers; enzymes; oxidation; parasitic plants; receptors; rice; seed germination; signal transduction; stereochemistry
Abstract:
... MAIN CONCLUSION : Plants produce strigolactones with different structures and different stereospecificities which provides the potential for diversity and flexibility of function. Strigolactones (SLs) typically comprise a tricyclic ABC ring system linked through an enol-ether bridge to a butenolide D-ring. The stereochemistry of the butenolide ring is conserved but two alternative configurations o ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-016-2523-5

85. Strigolactone pathway genes and plant architecture: association analysis and QTL detection for horticultural traits in chrysanthemum

Author:
Maik Klie; Ina Menz; Marcus Linde; Thomas Debener
Source:
Molecular genetics and genomics 2016 v.291 no.2 pp. 957-969
ISSN:
1617-4615
Subject:
Chrysanthemum; alleles; amplified fragment length polymorphism; analysis of variance; branching; cut flowers; genetic markers; genome-wide association study; genotype; genotyping; horticulture; loci; new variety; ornamental plants; outcrossing; phenotypic variation; plant architecture; polygenic inheritance; quantitative trait loci
Abstract:
... Chrysanthemums are important ornamental plants with abundant phenotypic diversity. Especially in cut-flower breeding, shoot branching is important for the success of new varieties. To assess the genetic regulation of shoot branching and other horticultural important traits, we phenotyped and genotyped two types of chrysanthemum populations: a genotype collection of 86 varieties and a biparental F1 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00438-015-1155-y

86. Strigolactone versus gibberellin signaling: reemerging concepts?

Author:
Eva-Sophie Wallner; Vadir López-Salmerón; Thomas Greb
Source:
Planta 2016 v.243 no.6 pp. 1339-1350
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
branching; gibberellins; hormones; plant growth; root systems; signal transduction
Abstract:
... MAIN CONCLUSION : In this review, we compare knowledge about the recently discovered strigolactone signaling pathway and the well established gibberellin signaling pathway to identify gaps of knowledge and putative research directions in strigolactone biology. Communication between and inside cells is integral for the vitality of living organisms. Hormonal signaling cascades form a large part of t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-016-2478-6
PubMed:
26898553
PubMed Central:
PMC4875939

87. Strigolactones: new plant hormones in action

Author:
Binne Zwanenburg; Tomáš Pospíšil; Sanja Ćavar Zeljković
Source:
Planta 2016 v.243 no.6 pp. 1311-1326
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
branching; environmental factors; germination; mechanism of action; mycorrhizal fungi; parasitic plants; plant architecture; plant hormones; signal transduction
Abstract:
... MAIN CONCLUSION : The key step in the mode of action of strigolactones is the enzymatic detachment of the D-ring. The thus formed hydroxy butenolide induces conformational changes of the receptor pocket which trigger a cascade of reactions in the signal transduction. Strigolactones (SLs) constitute a new class of plant hormones which are of increasing importance in plant science. For the last 60 y ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-015-2455-5
PubMed:
26838034
PubMed Central:
PMC4875949

88. Sylleptic branching in winter-headed apple (Malus × domestica) trees: accession-dependent responses and their relationships with other tree architectural characteristics

Author:
Stijn Vanderzande; Niek Hias; Daniel Edge-Garza; Evelyne Costes; Mark W. Davey; Johan Keulemans
Source:
Tree genetics & genomes 2016 v.12 no.5 pp. 87
ISSN:
1614-2942
Subject:
Malus domestica; apical dominance; apples; branches; branching; cultivars; genetic background; growth traits; heading; orchards; statistical models; trees
Abstract:
... Well-feathered apple trees are essential for commercial orchards to optimize yields. However, most cultivars do not form these sylleptic branches readily in commercial nurseries due to high apical dominance. Several treatments exist to promote their formation in the nurseries, one of which is heading. However, not all cultivars are expected to react similarly to these treatments. We studied the br ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11295-016-1046-3

89. Synthesis of N,N,O-Trisubstituted Hydroxylamines by Stepwise Reduction and Substitution of O-Acyl N,N-Disubstituted Hydroxylamines

Author:
Dhanju Sandeep; Crich David
Source:
Organic letters 2016 v.18 no.8 pp. 1820-1823
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
Lewis bases; acetylation; boron; branching; carbon; chemical structure; hydrides; secondary amines; silyl enol ethers
Abstract:
... Diverse N,N,O-trisubstituted hydroxylamines, an under-represented group in compound collections, are readily prepared by partial reduction of N-acyloxy secondary amines with diisobutylaluminum hydride followed by acetylation and reduction of the so-formed O-acyl-N,N-disubstituted hydroxylamines with triethylsilane and boron trifluoride etherate. Use of carbon nucleophiles in the last step, includi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00556

90. Systemic nocardiosis in a dog caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica

Author:
Yesari Eroksuz; Nafia Canan Gursoy; Tolga Karapinar; Burak Karabulut; Canan Akdeniz Incili; Zeynep Yerlikaya; Zulal Asci Toraman; Mehmet Ozkan Timurkan; Hatice Eroksuz
Source:
BMC veterinary research 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 30
ISSN:
1746-6148
Subject:
Nocardia; Protoparvovirus; abscess; bacteria; brain; branching; canine distemper; dogs; drugs; electron microscopy; kidneys; liver; lungs; lymph nodes; microbial culture; myocardium; nocardiosis; pathogens; polymerase chain reaction; postmortem changes; ribosomal RNA; spleen
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Systemic nocardiosis due to Nocardia cyriacigeorgica has not been reported in dogs. CASE PRESENTATION: Light and electron microscopy, microbiological culture and molecular identification (PCR) were used to diagnose systemic nocardiosis caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica in a 3-month-old husky dog. The postmortem changes included multifocal to coalescing, sharply circumscribed pyogranul ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12917-017-0945-3
PubMed:
28109291
PubMed Central:
PMC5251299

91. A Transcriptome Atlas of Physcomitrella patens Provides Insights into the Evolution and Development of Land Plants

Author:
Carlos Ortiz-Ramírez; Marcela Hernandez-Coronado; Anna Thamm; Bruno Catarino; Mingyi Wang; Liam Dolan; José A. Feijó; Jörg D. Becker
Source:
Molecular plant 2016 v.9 no.2 pp. 205-220
ISSN:
1674-2052
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; Physcomitrella patens; branching; embryophytes; evolution; flowering; genes; models; mosses and liverworts; pollen tubes; root hairs; sporangia; sporophytes; transcription (genetics); transcription factors; transcriptome
Abstract:
... Identifying the genetic mechanisms that underpin the evolution of new organ and tissue systems is an aim of evolutionary developmental biology. Comparative functional genetic studies between angiosperms and bryophytes can define those genetic changes that were responsible for developmental innovations. Here, we report the generation of a transcriptome atlas covering most phases in the life cycle o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molp.2015.12.002

92. Using a fractional factorial design to evaluate the effect of the intensity of agronomic practices on the yield of different winter oilseed rape morphotypes

Author:
Krzysztof J. Jankowski; Wojciech S. Budzyński; Dariusz Załuski; Piotr S. Hulanicki; Bogdan Dubis
Source:
Field crops research 2016 v.188 pp. 50-61
ISSN:
0378-4290
Subject:
Brassica napus; adverse effects; biomass; branching; corolla; crops; cultivars; decision making; disease control; fertilizer application; field experimentation; fungi; fungicides; harvest index; heterozygosity; hybrids; molecular genetics; new variety; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; plant breeding; pods; rapeseed; seed yield; seeds; sowing date; spring; straw; Poland
Abstract:
... Significant progress in plant breeding and molecular genetics contributed to the development of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes/cultivars whose biomass (mainly seeds) can be used for a variety of purposes. Those advancements are also used to modify rapeseed production technologies. In systems with many production factors, agronomic measures exert direct and indirect (interaction) effects on ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fcr.2016.01.007

93. The Whats, the Wheres and the Hows of strigolactone action in the roots

Author:
Cedrick Matthys; Alan Walton; Sylwia Struk; Elisabeth Stes; François-Didier Boyer; Kris Gevaert; Sofie Goormachtig
Source:
Planta 2016 v.243 no.6 pp. 1327-1337
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
biosynthesis; branching; hormones; leaves; phenotype; plant development; root systems; roots; secondary metabolites
Abstract:
... MAIN CONCLUSION : Strigolactones control various aspects of plant development, including root architecture. Here, we review how strigolactones act in the root and survey the strigolactone specificity of signaling components that affect root development. Strigolactones are a group of secondary metabolites produced in plants that have been assigned multiple roles, of which the most recent is hormona ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-016-2483-9

94. ZmCCD7/ZpCCD7 encodes a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase mediating shoot branching

Author:
Xiaoying Pan; Hongyan Zheng; Jianyu Zhao; Yanjun Xu; Xuexian Li
Source:
Planta 2016 v.243 no.6 pp. 1407-1418
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Zea mays subsp. mays; beta-carotene; beta-ionone; biosynthesis; branches; branching; corn; domestication; genes; meristems; mutants; phosphorus; protoplasts; root crown; roots
Abstract:
... MAIN CONCLUSION : ZmCCD7/ZpCCD7 encodes a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase that may mediate strigolactone biosynthesis highly responsive to phosphorus deficiency and undergoes negative selection over domestication from Zea ssp. parviglumis to Zea mays. Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 7 (CCD7) functions to suppress shoot branching by controlling strigolactone biosynthesis. However, little is known a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-016-2479-5

95. The distribution of branch lengths in phylogenetic trees

Author:
Emmanuel Paradis
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2016 v.94 pp. 136-145
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Carnivora; branching; equations; models; phylogeny; prediction
Abstract:
... A lot of effort has been devoted to analyze the distribution of branching times observed in a phylogenetic tree. On the other hand, the distribution of branch lengths has not received similar attention. In this paper, the distribution of branch lengths is studied. It is shown that different types of branches within a tree have distinct distributions. Some equations to predict these distributions a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2015.08.010

96. The dual inoculation of endophytic fungi and bacteria promotes seedlings growth in Dendrobium catenatum (Orchidaceae) under in vitro culture conditions

Author:
Xiaoming Wang; Tim Wing Yam; Qianwan Meng; Jie Zhu; Ping Zhang; Huifeng Wu; Jian Wang; Ying Zhao; Xiqiang Song
Source:
Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture 2016 v.126 no.3 pp. 523-531
ISSN:
0167-6857
Subject:
Dendrobium; Enterobacter; Herbaspirillum; Pyrenochaeta; additive effect; bacteria; branching; endophytes; epiphytes; fungi; in vitro culture; nutrition; roots; seedling growth; seedlings; synergism
Abstract:
... Orchid endophytes harbored in roots may have important interactions with the orchids themselves. However, few studies have demonstrated whether the coexistence of endophytic fungi and bacteria could affect the growth and development of orchid species. Four epiphytic fungi and four epiphytic bacteria were isolated from Dendrobium catenatum, and five “fungi + bacteria” combinations were obtained to ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11240-016-1021-6

97. A geological perspective on the degradation and conservation of western Atlantic coral reefs

Author:
Ilsa B. Kuffner; Lauren T. Toth
Source:
Conservation biology 2016 v.30 no.4 pp. 706-715
ISSN:
0888-8892
Subject:
Scaridae; biological resistance; branching; coasts; coral reefs; corals; ecological resilience; ecosystem services; ecosystems; fish; habitat conservation; macroalgae; monitoring; sediment transport; shorelines; temperature; water power
Abstract:
... Continuing coral‐reef degradation in the western Atlantic is resulting in loss of ecological and geologic functions of reefs. With the goal of assisting resource managers and stewards of reefs in setting and measuring progress toward realistic goals for coral‐reef conservation and restoration, we examined reef degradation in this region from a geological perspective. The importance of ecosystem se ...
DOI:
10.1111/cobi.12725

98. miR-221 activates the NF-κB pathway by targeting A20

Author:
Dongjiu Zhao; Ningtong Zhuang; Yina Ding; Yanhua Kang; Liyun Shi
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2016 v.472 pp. 11-18
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
branching; epithelial cells; inflammation; interleukin-6; lipopolysaccharides; lungs; macrophages; mice; microRNA; mitogen-activated protein kinase; morphogenesis; respiratory tract diseases; transcription factor NF-kappa B; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... MicroRNAs play an important role in regulating the inflammatory response, and are critically involved in the development of inflammatory disorders, including those affecting the lungs. While the microRNA miR-221 is involved in embryonic lung branching morphogenesis and epithelial cell development, its importance in lung inflammation has not been previously explored. In our current study, expressio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.11.009

99. A phylogeny of Lophocoleaceae-Plagiochilaceae-Brevianthaceae and a revised classification of Plagiochilaceae

Author:
Simon D. F. Patzak; Matt A. M. Renner; Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp; Kathrin Feldberg; Margaret M. Heslewood; Denilson F. Peralta; Aline Matos de Souza; Harald Schneider; Jochen Heinrichs
Source:
Organisms, diversity, & evolution 2016 v.16 no.3 pp. 481-495
ISSN:
1439-6092
Subject:
branching; chloroplasts; internal transcribed spacers; monophyly; mosses and liverworts; nests; new genus; polyphyly; space and time; species diversity; topology
Abstract:
... The Lophocoleaceae-Plagiochilaceae-Brevianthaceae clade is a largely terrestrial, subcosmopolitan lineage of jungermannialean leafy liverworts that may include significantly more than 1000 species. Here we present the most comprehensively sampled phylogeny available to date based on the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and the chloroplast markers rbcL and rps4 of 372 accessions ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13127-015-0258-y

100. The sorghum SWEET gene family: stem sucrose accumulation as revealed through transcriptome profiling

Author:
Hiroshi Mizuno; Shigemitsu Kasuga; Hiroyuki Kawahigashi
Source:
Biotechnology for biofuels 2016 v.9 no.1 pp. 127
ISSN:
1754-6834
Subject:
Arabidopsis; amino acid sequences; amino acid substitution; biofuels; branching; chromosomes; corn; genes; glucose transporters; grain sorghum; heading; inflorescences; leaves; nutrition; phloem; phylogeny; pollen; rice; seed development; sequence analysis; single nucleotide polymorphism; stems; sucrose; sweet sorghum; transcriptomics; viability
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: SWEET is a newly identified family of sugar transporters. Although SWEET transporters have been characterized by using Arabidopsis and rice, very little knowledge of sucrose accumulation in the stem region is available, as these model plants accumulate little sucrose in their stems. To elucidate the expression of key SWEET genes involved in sucrose accumulation of sorghum, we performed ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13068-016-0546-6
PubMed:
27330561
PubMed Central:
PMC4912755