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You searched for: Publication Year 2015 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2015 Source 2015 v.44 no.5 Remove constraint Source: 2015 v.44 no.5
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1. Alum and Rainfall Effects on Ionophores in Runoff from Surface-Applied Broiler Litter

Author:
Sarah A. Doydora; Dorcas Franklin; Peizhe Sun; Miguel Cabrera; Aaron Thompson; Kimberly Love-Myers; John Rema; Vaughn Calvert; Spyros G. Pavlostathis; Ching-Hua Huang
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1657-1666
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
alum; aluminum sulfate; birds; excreta; monensin; pH; pastures; poultry manure; poultry production; rain; rainfall simulation; runoff; salinomycin; surface water
Abstract:
... Polyether ionophores, monensin, and salinomycin are commonly used as antiparasitic drugs in broiler production and may be present in broiler litter (bird excreta plus bedding material). Long-term application of broiler litter to pastures may lead to ionophore contamination of surface waters. Because polyether ionophores break down at low pH, we hypothesized that decreasing litter pH with an acidic ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.02.0099

2. Amazon dams and waterways: Brazil’s Tapajós Basin plans

Author:
Philip M. Fearnside
Source:
Ambio 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 426-439
ISSN:
0044-7447
Subject:
barges; basins; dams (hydrology); laws and regulations; rivers; soybeans; waterways; Amazon River; Brazil
Abstract:
... Brazil plans to build 43 “large” dams (>30 MW) in the Tapajós Basin, ten of which are priorities for completion by 2022. Impacts include flooding indigenous lands and conservation units. The Tapajós River and two tributaries (the Juruena and Teles Pires Rivers) are also the focus of plans for waterways to transport soybeans from Mato Grosso to ports on the Amazon River. Dams would allow barges to ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13280-015-0642-z
PubMed:
25794814
PubMed Central:
PMC4510327

3. Amazonian freshwater habitats experiencing environmental and socioeconomic threats affecting subsistence fisheries

Author:
Cleber J. R. Alho; Roberto E. Reis; Pedro P. U. Aquino
Source:
Ambio 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 412-425
ISSN:
0044-7447
Subject:
aquatic organisms; biodiversity; cattle; dams (hydrology); deforestation; fishery resources; forests; freshwater; freshwater ecosystems; habitats; human communities; infrastructure; logging; mining; overfishing; pastures; rain; risk; rivers; Amazon River
Abstract:
... Matching the trend seen among the major large rivers of the globe, the Amazon River and its tributaries are facing aquatic ecosystem disruption that is affecting freshwater habitats and their associated biodiversity, including trends for decline in fishery resources. The Amazon’s aquatic ecosystems, linked natural resources, and human communities that depend on them are increasingly at risk from a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13280-014-0610-z
PubMed:
25572836
PubMed Central:
PMC4510326

4. Attachment and Detachment Behavior of Human Adenovirus and Surrogates in Fine Granular Limestone Aquifer Material

Author:
Margaret E. Stevenson; Regina Sommer; Gerhard Lindner; Andreas H. Farnleitner; Simon Toze; Alexander K.T. Kirschner; Alfred P. Blaschke; Jatinder P.S. Sidhu
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1392-1401
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Mastadenovirus; aquifers; bacteriophages; calcite; ionic strength; laboratory experimentation; limestone; nanoparticles; pH; pathogens; porous media; soil; virulent strains; South Australia
Abstract:
... The transport of human adenovirus, nanoparticles, and PRD1 and MS2 bacteriophages was tested in fine granular limestone aquifer material taken from a borehole at a managed aquifer recharge site in Adelaide, South Australia. Comparison of transport and removal of virus surrogates with the pathogenic virus is necessary to understand the differences between the virus and surrogate. Because experiment ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.01.0052

5. Bacteria Transport in a Soil-Based Wastewater Treatment System under Simulated Operational and Climate Change Conditions

Author:
Ivan Morales; José A. Amador; Thomas Boving
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1459-1472
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Escherichia coli; bacteria; climate change; climatic factors; computer software; models; rain; soil texture; temperature; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... Bacteria removal efficiencies in a conventional soil-based wastewater treatment system (OWTS) have been modeled to elucidate the fate and transport of E. coli bacteria under environmental and operational conditions that might be expected under changing climatic conditions. The HYDRUS 2D/3D software was used to model the impact of changing precipitation patterns, bacteria concentrations, hydraulic ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2014.12.0547

6. Bacterial Pathogen Indicator Transport from Livestock Mortality Biopiles

Author:
Robert Michitsch; Rob Jamieson; Robert Gordon; Glenn Stratton; Craig Lake
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1355-1365
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Enterococcaceae; Escherichia coli; Streptococcus; bacteria; environmental factors; indicator species; leaching; livestock; monitoring; mortality; pathogens; preferential flow; slaughterhouses; soil quality; soil water; soil water content; temperature; virulent strains; water flow
Abstract:
... Biopiles can be used to dispose of slaughterhouse residuals (SLRs); however, the fate of pathogenic bacteria (e.g., pathogenic strains of Eschericia coli, Streptococcus fecalis) in these systems is not well understood. The transport of these bacteria in water leaching from the biopile could represent a significant contamination source. This research examined the transport of Enterobacteriaceae and ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.01.0034

7. Beaver Ponds: Resurgent Nitrogen Sinks for Rural Watersheds in the Northeastern United States

Author:
Julia G. Lazar; Kelly Addy; Arthur J. Gold; Peter M. Groffman; Richard A. McKinney; Dorothy Q. Kellogg
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1684-1693
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
ammonium; denitrification; ecosystems; freshwater; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; nitrogen; organic soils; pollution load; ponds; stable isotopes; streams; watersheds; wetlands; New England region; Rhode Island
Abstract:
... Beaver-created ponds and dams, on the rise in the northeastern United States, reshape headwater stream networks from extensive, free-flowing reaches to complexes of ponds, wetlands, and connecting streams. We examined seasonal and annual rates of nitrate transformations in three beaver ponds in Rhode Island under enriched nitrate-nitrogen (N) conditions through the use of ¹⁵N mass balance techniqu ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2014.12.0540

8. Benefits of the Use of Sewage Sludge over EDTA to Remediate Soils Polluted with Heavy Metals

Author:
Ana J. Hernández; María J. Gutiérrez-Ginés; Jesús Pastor
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1579-1588
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
EDTA (chelating agent); belowground biomass; bioassays; cadmium; chelating agents; copper; experimental design; greenhouses; heavy metals; indigenous species; leachates; lead; phytotoxicity; plant communities; plants (botany); polluted soils; root systems; roots; sewage; sewage sludge; soil amendments; soil degradation; soil fertility; soil organic matter; soil pH; species richness; wastewater treatment; zinc
Abstract:
... Sewage sludges from urban wastewater treatment plants are often used to remediate degraded soils. However, the benefits of their use in metal-polluted soils remain unclear and need to be assessed in terms of factors besides soil fertility. This study examines the use of thermal-dried sewage sludge (TDS) as an amendment for heavy metal–polluted soil in terms of its effects on soil chemical properti ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.01.0017

9. Biomass, Nutrient, and Trace Element Accumulation and Partitioning in Cattail (Typha latifolia L.) during Wetland Phytoremediation of Municipal Biosolids

Author:
Nicholson N. Jeke; Francis Zvomuya; Nazim Cicek; Lisette Ross; Pascal Badiou
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1541-1549
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Typha latifolia; aboveground biomass; belowground biomass; bioassays; biomass production; biosolids; cadmium; chromium; copper; harvesting; logit analysis; nutrients; phosphorus; phytoremediation; plant tissues; seedlings; wetlands; zinc
Abstract:
... Biomass and contaminant accumulation and partitioning in plants determine the harvest stage for optimum contaminant uptake during phytoremediation of municipal biosolids. This wetland microcosm bioassay characterized accumulation and partitioning of biomass, nutrients (N and P), and trace elements (Zn, Cu, Cr, and Cd) in cattail (Typha latifolia L.) in a growth room. Four cattail seedlings were tr ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.02.0064

10. Cervical Distraction‐Stabilization Using an Intervertebral Spacer Screw and String‐of Pearl (SOP™) Plates in 16 Dogs With Disc‐Associated Wobbler Syndrome

Author:
Miguel A. Solano; Noel Fitzpatrick; Judith Bertran
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 627-641
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
ataxia (disorder); body weight; cervical spondylomyelopathy; computed tomography; dogs; histology; radiography; subsidence; surgery; vertebrae
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively investigate a novel surgical technique using the Fitz Intervertebral Traction Screw (FITS) combined with string‐of‐pearl (SOP™) locking plates for the treatment of Disc Associated Wobbler Syndrome (DAWS). STUDY DESIGN: Case series (n = 16). METHODS: Ventral approach and fenestration of the affected disc(s), nuclear extirpation, and insertion of the FITS device to the ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12325

11. Characterizing Aquifer Heterogeneity Using Bacterial and Bacteriophage Tracers

Author:
Raymond M. Flynn; German Mallèn; Marion Engel; Ashraf Ahmed; Pierre Rossi
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1448-1458
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas putida; aquifers; bacteriophages; drinking water; filtration; fluorescence; gravel; groundwater; mass transfer; monitoring; solutes; tracer techniques; wells; Germany; Western European region
Abstract:
... Gravel aquifers act as important potable water sources in central western Europe, yet they are subject to numerous contamination pressures. Compositional and textural heterogeneity makes protection zone delineation around groundwater supplies in these units challenging; artificial tracer testing aids characterization. This paper reappraises previous tracer test results in light of new geological a ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.02.0117

12. Characterizing the Performance of Denitrifying Bioreactors during Simulated Subsurface Drainage Events

Author:
Natasha Bell; Richard A. C. Cooke; Todd Olsen; Mark B. David; Robert Hudson
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1647-1656
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
aquatic ecosystems; bioreactors; corn; denitrification; dissolved organic carbon; edge effects; farms; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; oxygen; phosphates; pollution load; reactive phosphorus; regression analysis; soybeans; subsurface drainage; variance; water temperature; Illinois
Abstract:
... The need to mitigate nitrate export from corn and soybean fields with subsurface (tile) drainage systems, a major environmental issue in the midwestern United States, has made the efficacy of field-edge, subsurface bioreactors an active subject of research. This study of three such bioreactors located on the University of Illinois South Farms during their first 6 mo of operation (July–Dec. 2012) f ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2014.04.0162

13. Coccinellidae Parasitoids in Brazil: Neglected Species in a Mega-Diverse Country

Author:
P H B Togni; L M Souza; P R Sicsú; V A Costa; D S S L Amaral; A C Franco; E R Sujii; M Venzon
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 528-532
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
Coccinellidae; cerrado; ecosystems; habitats; insects; natural enemies; parasitoids; rain forests; Brazil
Abstract:
... Current knowledge on coccinellids is primarily focused on their role as natural enemies of soft-bodied insects. However, there is a great diversity of coccinellid parasitoid species that are less studied. Here, we describe new records of coccinellid parasitoids with emphasis on new host–parasitoid interactions in 11 sample sites in Brazil. We collected 122 coccinellid individuals parasitized by si ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13744-015-0309-2

14. Combined infectious bronchitis virus Arkansas and Massachusetts serotype vaccination suppresses replication of Arkansas vaccine virus

Author:
Eunice N. Ndegwa; Samantha N. Bartlett; Haroldo Toro; Kellye S. Joiner; Vicky L. van Santen
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 408-420
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Infectious bronchitis virus; chickens; eyes; introduced species; serotypes; tears; tissues; vaccination; vaccines; viruses; Arkansas; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... Polyvalent infectious bronchitis virus vaccination is common worldwide. The possibility of vaccine interference after simultaneous combined vaccination with Arkansas (Ark) and Massachusetts (Mass)-type vaccines was evaluated in an effort to explain the high prevalence of Ark-type infectious bronchitis virus in vaccinated chickens. Chickens ocularly vaccinated with combinations of Ark and Mass show ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1077928

15. Comparative morpho-physiology of the metapleural glands of two Atta leaf-cutting ant queens nesting in clayish and organic soils

Author:
Alexsandro Santana Vieira; Maria Izabel Camargo-Mathias; Flavio Roces
Source:
Arthropod structure & development 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 444-454
ISSN:
1467-8039
Subject:
Atta sexdens rubropilosa; antibiotics; antiseptics; evolution; fungus gardens; leaf-cutting ants; microorganisms; nesting; organic matter; organic soils; pathogens; queen insects; risk; soil depth; soil horizons
Abstract:
... Queens of leaf-cutting ants found their nests singly, each consisting of a vertical tunnel and a final horizontal chamber. Because of the claustral mode of nest founding, the queen and/or her initial fungus garden are exposed to threats imposed by several soil pathogens, and the antibiotic secretions produced by their metapleural glands are considered a main adaptation to deal with them. Nests of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.asd.2015.06.005

16. Comparison of four molecular assays for the detection of Tembusu virus

Author:
Yi Tang; Yin-Ting Yeh; Hao Chen; Chunmei Yu; Xuhui Gao; Youxiang Diao
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 379-385
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
RNA; Tembusu virus; cell culture; cloaca; ducks; eggs; genes; plasmids; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Abstract:
... Tembusu virus (TMUV) belongs to the genus Flavivirus that may cause severe egg drop in ducks. In order to evaluate the most efficient TMUV detection method, the performances of a conventional RT-PCR (C-RT-PCR), a semi-nested PCR (SN-RT-PCR), a reverse-transcriptase real-time quantitative PCR (Q-RT-PCR), and a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) targeting the TMUV ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1061650

17. Comparison of the effectiveness of rHVT-H5, inactivated H5 and rHVT-H5 with inactivated H5 prime/boost vaccination regimes in commercial broiler chickens carrying MDAs against HPAI H5N1 clade 2.2.1 virus

Author:
Walid H. Kilany; Mohammed K. Hassan; Marwa Safwat; Sami Mohammed; Abdullah Selim; Sophie VonDobschuetz; Gwenaelle Dauphin; Juan Lubroth; Yilma Jobre
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 333-341
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
hemagglutination inhibition test; poultry production; vaccination; emulsions; chicks; broiler chickens; antibodies; viruses; seroconversion; half life; monitoring; humoral immunity; ducks; morbidity; oils; mortality; Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1; turkeys; Influenza A virus; vaccines; secondary immunization; avian influenza; Egypt
Abstract:
... Vaccination is the main tool implemented in Egypt since 2007 to control H5N1 avian influenza. The present study aimed at comparing the effectiveness of three avian influenza vaccination regimes in commercial broiler chickens carrying high levels of maternally derived antibodies (MDAs). Day-old chicks were divided into four experimental groups. Group I received only the rHVT-H5 vaccine (recombinant ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1053840

18. Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Anatomy of the Normal Orbit and Eye of the Horse

Author:
C. D'Août; J. F. Nisolle; M. Navez; R. Perrin; T. Launois; L. Brogniez; P. Clegg; F. Hontoir; J. M. Vandeweerd
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 370-377
ISSN:
1439-0264
Subject:
adults; computed tomography; disease surveillance; eye diseases; eyelids; horses; image analysis; infectious diseases; magnetic resonance imaging; models; muscles; nerve tissue; retina; sebaceous glands; sinuses; skull
Abstract:
... Traumatic and infectious diseases of the eye and orbit can occur in horses. For diagnosis and monitoring of such diseases, medical imaging is useful including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of the current study was to describe CT and MRI anatomy of the equine orbit and ocular globe. The heads from four adult horses were scanned with a 6‐slice Emotion 6 CT (S ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12149

19. Conditions that induce biofilm production by Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale

Author:
Miguel A. De la Rosa-Ramos; Maricruz Rodríguez-Cruz; Edgar O López-Villegas; Graciela Castro-Escarpulli; Fernando M. Guerra-Infante
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 366-369
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale; biofilm; birds; carbon dioxide; environmental factors; polystyrenes; poultry industry; respiratory tract diseases; serotypes; temperature
Abstract:
... Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes respiratory disease in birds, and directly affects the poultry industry. The mechanisms behind these infections are not completely known. Currently, its capacity to form biofilms on inert surfaces has been reported; however, the conditions for biofilm development have not been described yet. The present work was aimed at ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1059923

20. Degradation of Herbicide Mesotrione in Three Soils with Differing Physicochemical Properties from China

Author:
Guixiang Quan; Chuntao Yin; Tianming Chen; Jinlong Yan
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1631-1637
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
cation exchange capacity; clay fraction; environmental factors; environmental impact; half life; loess; mesotrione; microbial activity; models; organic matter; paddy soils; prediction; silty clay loam soils; soil pH; solar radiation; China
Abstract:
... The movement and fate of herbicides in soils under various environmental factors are important in evaluating their mobility and ecological impact. The effects of sterilization, solarization, and soil physicochemical properties on the degradation of herbicide mesotrione in three soils from China were evaluated using laboratory incubation method, and the degradation kinetics were also simulated usin ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2014.12.0528

21. Description of Dichelacera (Dichelacera) walteri n. sp. (Diptera: Tabanidae) with a Key to Related Species in the Subgenus Dichelacera Macquart

Author:
R R Guimarães; I S Gorayeb; R Rodrigues-Guimarães; G S Seppa; R W Carvalho
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 474-480
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
Tabanidae; abdomen; callus; females; insect taxonomy; legs; new species; ocelli; sclerotization; taxonomic keys; wings; Brazil
Abstract:
... Dichelacera (Dichelacera) walteri Guimarães, Gorayeb & Rodrigues-Guimarães n. sp. is described from female specimens collected in Marambaia Island, located in Mangaratiba County, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The characterization of the species was based in the following characters: a medium-sized species, more sclerotized than others in the subgenus Dichelacera Macquart, the second segment of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13744-015-0311-8

22. Description of the Anatomy, Surgical Technique, and Outcome of Hemipelvectomy in 4 Dogs and 5 Cats

Author:
Laura A. Barbur; Kevin D. Coleman; Chad W. Schmiedt; MaryAnn G. Radlinsky
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 613-626
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
body condition; body weight; cats; dogs; excision; hemorrhage; image analysis; injection site; mixed breeds; nerve tissue; osteosarcoma
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To provide (1) a comprehensive description of hemipelvectomy; and (2) report clinical application and outcome of hemipelvectomy in dogs and cats. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive report and retrospective case series. ANIMALS: Dogs (n = 4) and 5 cats. METHODS: Cadaveric dissection was performed for imaging purposes using 4 mixed breed dogs euthanatized for reasons unrelated to this study. Medic ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12324

23. Detection of Purple Sulfur Bacteria in Purple and Non-purple Dairy Wastewaters

Author:
Robert S. Dungan; April B. Leytem
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1550-1555
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
DNA; Marichromatium; Thiocapsa roseopersicina; Thiolamprovum pedioforme; carotenoids; chemical oxygen demand; dairies; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; genes; growth factors; livestock; manure storage; microbial detection; nitrogen; odors; ponds; ribosomal RNA; salinity; sampling; solids; sulfur; wastewater
Abstract:
... The presence of purple bacteria in manure storage lagoons is often associated with reduced odors. In this study, our objectives were to determine the occurrence of purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) in seven dairy wastewater lagoons and to identify possible linkages between wastewater properties and purple blooms. Community DNA was extracted from composited wastewater samples, and a conservative 16S rRN ...
Handle:
10113/61488
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0128

24. Donor–acceptor conjugated polymers based on multifused ladder-type arenes for organic solar cells

Author:
Jhong-Sian Wu; Sheng-Wen Cheng; Yen-Ju Cheng; Chain-Shu Hsu
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1113-1154
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
aromatic hydrocarbons; chemical bonding; composite polymers; electricity; fullerene; heterocyclic compounds; polymerization; solar cells; solar energy; solar radiation
Abstract:
... Harvesting solar energy from sunlight to generate electricity is considered as one of the most important technologies to address the future sustainability of humans. Polymer solar cells (PSCs) have attracted tremendous interest and attention over the past two decades due to their potential advantage to be fabricated onto large area and light-weight flexible substrates by solution processing at a l ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4cs00250d

25. Effect of Alum Additions to Poultry Litter on In-House Ammonia and Greenhouse Gas Concentrations and Emissions

Author:
Branly Eugene; Philip A. Moore; Hong Li; Dana Miles; Steven Trabue; Robert Burns; Michael Buser
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1530-1540
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
alum; aluminum sulfate; ammonia; broiler chickens; carbon dioxide; carbon nitrogen ratio; flocks; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; methane; nitrogen content; nitrous oxide; poultry housing; poultry manure; Arkansas
Abstract:
... Alum [Al₂(SO4)₃ ·14H₂O] addition to poultry litter has been shown to reduce ammonia (NH₃) concentrations in poultry houses; however, its effects on greenhouse gas (GHG; N₂O, CH₄, and CO₂) emissions is unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of alum additions on (i) in-house NH₃ and GHG concentrations, (ii) NH₃ and GHG emissions, and (iii) litter chemical properties. Two ...
Handle:
10113/6664853
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2014.09.0404

26. The Effect of Examiner Variability on Multiple Canine Stifle Kinematic Gait Collections in a 3‐Dimensional Model

Author:
Bryan T. Torres; Peter J. Gilbert; Lisa R. Reynolds; Yang‐Chieh Fu; Judith A. Navik; Andrew Sornborger; Steven C. Budsberg
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 581-587
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
data collection; dogs; gait; kinematics; models; stifle; surgery
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To evaluate examiner variability in a superficial skin marker model of canine stifle kinematics. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental. ANIMALS: Six clinically normal dogs. METHODS: Dogs had 11 retroreflective markers fixed to the skin on the right hindlimb. Dogs were trotted 5 times through the calibrated testing space and this was repeated on 4 different testing days. Examiner A applied all mark ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1532-950X.2014.12311.x

27. Efficacy of Coral Sand for Removal of Escherichia coli and Bacteriophage under Saturated Flow Conditions

Author:
Lee Burbery; Louise Weaver; Bronwyn Humphries; Jan Gregor
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1384-1391
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Escherichia coli; atolls; bacteriophages; corals; cost effectiveness; models; pathogens; porous media; sand; saturated flow; wastewater treatment; Kiribati
Abstract:
... Knowledge of how effectively microbes are transported through porous media is useful for water resource/wastewater management. Despite much research having been done to characterize microbial contaminant transport through various sedimentary materials, very little study has been made on coral sand, such as constitutes the primary substrate of many Pacific atolls. We conducted a set of laboratory c ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.01.0044

28. Efficacy of Mechanical versus Non‐Mechanical Sterile Preoperative Skin Preparation With Chlorhexidine Gluconate 4% Solution

Author:
Benjamin I. Davids; Megan J. Davidson; Saundra H. TenBroeck; Patrick T. Colahan; Monika W. Oli
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 648-652
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
Thoroughbred; adults; analysis of variance; bacteria; chlorhexidine; horses; plate count; polymerase chain reaction; surgery
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of sterile preoperative skin antisepsis using either a 5‐minute mechanical preparation or 5‐minute non‐mechanical preparation with chlorhexidine gluconate 4% solution. STUDY DESIGN: Matched design, ANOVA. ANIMALS: Healthy adult Thoroughbred horses (n = 30). METHODS: Each horse had both surgical preparation methods randomly assigned to identical sites on the left ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12335

29. Efficacy of Postoperative Antimicrobial Use for Clean Orthopedic Implant Surgery in Dogs: A Prospective Randomized Study in 100 Consecutive Cases

Author:
Andrea Pratesi; Andrew P. Moores; Ciara Downes; James Grierson; Thomas W. Maddox
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 653-660
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
amoxicillin; anesthesia; anesthetics; dogs; oral administration; orthopedics; prostheses; protective effect; regression analysis; risk factors; risk reduction; stainless steel; surgery
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether administration of postoperative oral antimicrobial drugs has a beneficial effect on preventing surgical site infections (SSI) in clean orthopedic surgery involving stainless steel plating systems. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Dogs (n = 97). METHODS: One hundred consecutive cases (97 dogs) that had clean orthopedic surgery requirin ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12326

30. Efficient and resilient governance of social–ecological systems

Author:
Adam Erickson
Source:
Ambio 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 343-352
ISSN:
0044-7447
Subject:
funding; governance; landscapes; multipliers; watershed management; watersheds; California; Idaho; Oregon; Washington (state)
Abstract:
... New institutions are critically needed to improve the resilience of social–ecological systems globally. Watershed management offers an important model due to its ability to govern mixed-ownership landscapes through common property regimes, translating national goals into local action. Here, I assess the efficacy of state watershed management institutions in the Pacific Northwest, based on their ab ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13280-014-0607-7
PubMed:
25560677
PubMed Central:
PMC4510325

31. Evaluation of AGRO-2014 for Predicting Hydrophobic Organic Chemical Concentrations in Ponds

Author:
Lauren E. Padilla; Michael F. Winchell; Scott H. Jackson
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1568-1578
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
algorithms; bioavailability; dynamic models; eroded soils; exposure models; hydrophobicity; pesticides; ponds; prediction; pyrethrins; sediments; slurries; sorption; surface water; suspended sediment; total suspended solids
Abstract:
... Highly hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs), like pyrethroids, adsorb strongly to eroded soil and suspended sediment. Therefore, total suspended solids (TSS) concentration in the water column of receiving waters is important for determining the proportion of chemical in the sediment-sorbed vs. the dissolved (bioavailable) state. However, most current regulatory exposure models, such as the Exposur ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0149

32. Evaluation of Osteogenic Potentials of Avian Demineralized Bone Matrix in the Healing of Osseous Defects in Pigeons

Author:
Reza Sanaei; Jalila Abu; Mojgan Nazari; Mohd A. B. Zuki; Zeenathul N. Allaudin
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 603-612
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
Columba livia; adults; autografting; histology; hybrids; models; pigeons; radiography
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVES: To evaluate avian allogeneic demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in the healing of long bone defects as a function of geometry and time in a pigeon model. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental. ANIMALS: Adult rock pigeons (n = 60). METHODS: Midshaft ulnar osseous defects were grafted with 2 geometric forms of DBM (tubular vs. chipped) and stabilized with a hybrid fixator. Autologous chips of sternal ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12292

33. Exocrine glands in the legs of the social wasp Vespula vulgaris

Author:
Catherine Nijs; Johan Billen
Source:
Arthropod structure & development 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 433-443
ISSN:
1467-8039
Subject:
Vespula vulgaris; chemical analysis; cleaning; exocrine glands; legs; males; social insects; surveys
Abstract:
... This study brings a survey of the exocrine glands in the legs of Vespula vulgaris wasps. We studied workers, males, virgin queens as well as mated queens. A variety of 17 glands is found in the different leg segments. Among these, five glands are novel exocrine structures for social insects (trochanter-femur gland, ventrodistal tibial gland, distal tibial sac gland, ventral tibial gland, and ventr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.asd.2015.08.011

34. Expression and Localization of Aquaporin‐1 Along the Intestine of Colostrum Suckling Buffalo Calves

Author:
A. De Luca; G. Vassalotti; A. Pelagalli; M. E. Pero; C. Squillacioti; N. Mirabella; P. Lombardi; L. Avallone
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 391-400
ISSN:
0340-2096
Subject:
Western blotting; aquaporins; buffaloes; calves; cell membranes; colostrum; immunohistochemistry; ingestion; large intestine; messenger RNA; osmoregulation; permeability; postnatal development; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; suckling
Abstract:
... Aquaporin‐1 (AQP1), a six‐transmembrane domain protein, belongs to a highly conserved group of proteins called aquaporins known to regulate permeability across cell membranes. Although the role of AQP1 has been extensively studied, its specific activity along the gastrointestinal tract in animals during early postnatal development is poorly known. This study investigates the expression of AQP1 mRN ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12157

35. Fecal Contamination in the Surface Waters of a Rural- and an Urban-Source Watershed

Author:
Emma C. Stea; Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen; Rob C. Jamieson; Christopher K. Yost
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1556-1567
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Bacteroidales; Campylobacter coli; Campylobacter jejuni; Campylobacter lari; Escherichia coli O157; Salmonella; drinking water; enteropathogens; irrigation; mitochondrial DNA; pollution; storms; surface water; temperature; turbidity; wastewater; water quality; watersheds; waterways
Abstract:
... Surface waters are commonly used as source water for drinking water and irrigation. Knowledge of sources of fecal pollution in source watersheds benefits the design of effective source water protection plans. This study analyzed the relationships between enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., and Campylobacter spp. [C. jejuni, C. lari and C. coli]), water quality (turbidity, ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2014.11.0459

36. Fecal Indicator and Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Resistance in Alluvial Groundwater of an Irrigated Agricultural Region with Dairies

Author:
Xunde Li; Edward R. Atwill; Elizabeth Antaki; Olin Applegate; Brian Bergamaschi; Ronald F. Bond; Jennifer Chase; Katherine M. Ransom; William Samuels; Naoko Watanabe; Thomas Harter
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1435-1447
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Campylobacter; Enterococcus; Escherichia coli O157; Salmonella; alluvial aquifer; antibiotic resistance; antibiotics; concentrated animal feeding operations; dairies; groundwater; irrigation; land use; monitoring; potassium; surveys; virulent strains; water quality; wells; California
Abstract:
... Surveys of microbiological groundwater quality were conducted in a region with intensive animal agriculture in California, USA. The survey included monitoring and domestic wells in eight concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and 200 small (domestic and community supply district) supply wells across the region. Campylobacter was not detected in groundwater, whereas Escherichia coli O157:H7 ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0139

37. Fitness Cost of Methoxyfenozide and the Effects of Its Sublethal Doses on Development, Reproduction, and Survival of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Author:
A Rehan; S Freed
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 513-520
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
Spodoptera litura; adults; at-risk population; diet; eggs; females; hatching; insect reproduction; instars; larvae; longevity; methoxyfenozide; population dynamics; pupal development; sex ratio; sublethal effects
Abstract:
... In the present study, two experiments were designed to investigate the lethal and sublethal effects of methoxyfenozide on Spodoptera litura (F.). The first experiment was conducted to explore the fitness cost of methoxyfenozide resistance in a methoxyfenozide-resistant strain (selected with methoxyfenozide for 13 consecutive generations), leading to resistance ratio to methoxyfenozide 83.0- and 23 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13744-015-0306-5

38. Fluorescent and colorimetric ion probes based on conjugated oligopyrroles

Author:
Yubin Ding; Yunyu Tang; Weihong Zhu; Yongshu Xie
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1101-1112
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
color; colorimetry; fluorescence; moieties; pyrroles
Abstract:
... Metal ions and anions play important roles in many industrial and biochemical processes, and thus it is highly desired to detect them in the relevant systems. Small organic molecule based sensors for selective and sensitive detection of target ions show the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity and convenient implementation. In this area, pyrrole has incomparable advantages. It can be easily in ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4cs00436a

39. Functional anatomy of the explosive defensive system of bombardier beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Brachininae)

Author:
Andrea Di Giulio; Maurizio Muzzi; Roberto Romani
Source:
Arthropod structure & development 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 468-490
ISSN:
1467-8039
Subject:
Brachinus; catalase; fluorescence; fluorescence microscopy; hydrogen peroxide; hydroquinone; mechanical stress; scanning electron microscopy; ultrastructure
Abstract:
... This paper provides the first comparative anatomical study of the explosive pygidial defensive system of bombardier beetles in species classified in three brachinine subtribes: Brachinus (Brachinina), Pheropsophus (Pheropsophina) and Aptinus (Aptinina). We investigated the morphology and ultrastructure of this system using optical, fluorescence, and focused ion beam (FIB/SEM) microscopy. In doing ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.asd.2015.08.013

40. Goblet Cells and Mucus Types in the Digestive Intestine and Respiratory Intestine in Bronze Corydoras (Callichthyidae: Teleostei)

Author:
I. L. Leknes
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 321-327
ISSN:
0340-2096
Subject:
Corydoras; absorption; air; color; digesta; glucose; goblet cells; intestines; ions; lectins; mannose; microorganisms; microvilli; mucins; mucus; oxygen; pH; proteoglycans; respiratory mucosa; sialic acids; sialidase; testing; toluidine blue
Abstract:
... The structure and histochemical properties of the intestine in bronze corydoras (Corydoras aeneus), a stomach‐containing teleost, are described, with emphasis on goblet cells and mucin types. The proximal intestine displayed a normal structure for teleosts, whereas the distal intestine was wide, translucent, thin‐walled, richly vascularized and constantly filled with air, suggesting an important r ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12140

41. Histological Evaluation of Selected Organs of the Eurasian Beavers (Castor fiber) Inhabiting Poland

Author:
I. Dolka; A. Giżejewska; Z. Giżejewski; W. Kluciński; J. Kołodziejska
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 378-390
ISSN:
1439-0264
Subject:
Castor fiber; copper; electron microscopy; formalin; glycogen; hepatocytes; kidneys; liver; lungs; melanin; molecular biology; myocardium; pulp; rodents; sampling; spleen; tail; Poland
Abstract:
... There is a general scarcity of data on the histological structure of major organs in the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber). This study presents the histological characteristics of beaver organs such as the liver, spleen, cardiac muscle, lungs and kidneys. Tissue samples were collected from 21 beavers and analysed. Selected samples of tail tissue were additionally examined. Tissue samples were placed ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12150

42. How valence bond theory can help you understand your (bio)chemical reaction

Author:
Avital Shurki; Etienne Derat; Alexandre Barrozo; Shina Caroline Lynn Kamerlin
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1037-1052
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
Nobel Prize; chemical bonding; chemical reactions; computational methodology; development theory; models; quantum mechanics; solids; wills
Abstract:
... Almost a century has passed since valence bond (VB) theory was originally introduced to explain covalent bonding in the H₂ molecule within a quantum mechanical framework. The past century has seen constant improvements in this theory, with no less than two distinct Nobel prizes based on work that is essentially developments in VB theory. Additionally, ongoing advances in both methodology and compu ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4cs00241e

43. Hydrogen bonding in ionic liquids

Author:
Patricia A. Hunt; Claire R. Ashworth; Richard P. Matthews
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1257-1288
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
cations; energy; hydrogen; hydrogen bonding
Abstract:
... Ionic liquids (IL) and hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) are two diverse fields for which there is a developing recognition of significant overlap. Doubly ionic H-bonds occur when a H-bond forms between a cation and anion, and are a key feature of ILs. Doubly ionic H-bonds represent a wide area of H-bonding which has yet to be fully recognised, characterised or explored. H-bonds in ILs (both protic and ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4cs00278d

44. Immune protection of microneme 7 (EmMIC7) against Eimeria maxima challenge in chickens

Author:
Jingwei Huang; Zhenchao Zhang; Menghui Li; Xiaokai Song; Ruofeng Yan; Lixin Xu; Xiangrui Li
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 392-400
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Eimeria maxima; antibodies; antigens; blood serum; body weight changes; chickens; coccidiostats; immunization; interferon-gamma; interleukin-10; interleukin-17; interleukin-2; interleukin-4; jejunum; neoplasms; oocysts; phosphates; plasmids; protective effect; recombinant vaccines; splenocytes; vaccine development
Abstract:
... In the present study, the immune protective effects of recombinant microneme protein 7 of Eimeria maxima (rEmMIC7) and a DNA vaccine encoding this antigen (pVAX1-EmMIC7) on experimental challenge were evaluated. Two-week-old chickens were randomly divided into five groups. Experimental groups of chickens were immunized with 100 μg DNA vaccine pVAX1-MIC7 or 200 μg rEmMIC7, while control groups of c ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1071780

45. Immunogenic and protective efficacy of recombinant protein GtxA-N against Gallibacterium anatis challenge in chickens

Author:
Ida J. Pedersen; Susanne E. Pors; Ragnhild J. Bager Skjerning; Søren S. Nielsen; Anders M. Bojesen
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 386-391
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
antibodies; antigens; blood serum; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; hens; immunity; immunization; recombinant proteins; vaccines
Abstract:
... Gallibacterium anatis is a major cause of reproductive tract infections in chickens. Here, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the recombinant protein GtxA-N at protecting hens, by addressing three objectives; (i) evaluating the antibody response following immunization (ii) scoring and comparing lesions, following challenge with G. anatis , in immunized and non-immunized hens and (iii) investigat ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1069259

46. Impact of Storage Conditions on the Stability of Volatile Sulfur Compounds in Sampling Bags

Author:
Hung V. Le; Eric C. Sivret; Gavin Parcsi; Richard M. Stuetz
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1523-1529
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
bags; dimethyl disulfide; dimethyl sulfide; emissions; experimental design; hydrogen sulfide; methanethiol; models; odor compounds; prediction; relative humidity; storage time; sulfur; temperature; volatile organic compounds; waste management
Abstract:
... Odorous emissions from agricultural and waste management operations can cause annoyance to local populations. Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are dominant odorants that are often lost during collection using sample bags. The degree of VSC losses depends on factors such as storage time, bag materials, temperature, sample relative humidity (RH), light exposure, and the presence of volatile organic ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2014.12.0532

47. Implementing Effects-Based Water Quality Criteria for Eutrophication in Beaver Lake, Arkansas: Linking Standard Development and Assessment Methodology

Author:
J. Thad Scott; Brian E. Haggard
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1503-1512
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
biomass; chlorophyll; dams (hydrology); data collection; eutrophication; growing season; hydrology; lakes; limnology; models; nutrients; phytoplankton; risk; seston; temporal variation; total phosphorus; turbidity; water quality; water quality criteria; water quality standards; Arkansas
Abstract:
... To address water quality standards needed to prevent accelerated eutrophication, many states in the United States have developed effects-based standards related to nutrients. In many cases, this has resulted in specific standards for Secchi transparency (ST) and phytoplankton biomass measured as sestonic chlorophyll a (chl-a). The state of Arkansas recently adopted its first effects-based water qu ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.01.0020

48. Importance of the Colmation Layer in the Transport and Removal of Cyanobacteria, Viruses, and Dissolved Organic Carbon during Natural Lake-Bank Filtration

Author:
Ronald W. Harvey; David W. Metge; Denis R. LeBlanc; Jen Underwood; George R. Aiken; Kenna Butler; Timothy D. McCobb; Jay Jasperse
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1413-1423
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Synechococcus; aquifers; coliphages; cyanophages; dissolved organic carbon; drinking water; filtration; microparticles; samplers; sediments; seepage; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... This study focused on the importance of the colmation layer in the removal of cyanobacteria, viruses, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) during natural bank filtration. Injection-and-recovery studies were performed at two shallow (0.5 m deep), sandy, near-shore sites at the southern end of Ashumet Pond, a waste-impacted, kettle pond on Cape Cod, MA, that is subject to periodic blooms of cyanobacte ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0151

49. An Improved Indirect Procedure for Estimating Pesticide Volatility from Field Trials

Author:
Steven A. Cryer; Patrick L. Havens; David E. Hillger; Ian J. van Wesenbeeck
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1513-1522
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
agricultural land; air; field experimentation; models; pesticide formulations; prediction; regression analysis; Indiana; Texas
Abstract:
... Conventional indirect approaches for estimating pesticide volatility from agricultural fields require an air dispersion model and near-field, temporal air concentration measurements. The model pesticide flux profile is chosen such that field observations are recovered. Ross et al. (1996) first proposed a back-calculation method (BCM) using a single iteration of the Industrial Source Complex Short ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0125

50. Improvement in Bilateral Carpal Valgus Deviation in 9 Foals After Unilateral Distolateral Radial Periosteal Transection and Elevation

Author:
William True Baker; Donnie E. Slone; Jose A. Ramos; Elizabeth M. Santschi; Linda K. Lord; Stephen B. Adams; Timothy M. Lynch; Faith E. Hughes
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 547-550
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
exercise; foals; pastures; radiography; surgery
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of periosteal transection and elevation in foals with naturally occurring carpal valgus deviation. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Foals (n = 9) with bilateral carpal valgus. METHODS: Foals with bilateral carpal valgus had distolateral radial periosteal transection and elevation (PE) including distal ulnar transection on 1 limb. Foals were stal ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12322