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Olivier Delattre; David Sillam-Dussès; Vojtěch Jandák; Marek Brothánek; Karel Rücker; Thomas Bourguignon; Blahoslava Vytisková; Josef Cvačka; Ondřej Jiříček; Jan Šobotník
... Studying basal taxa often allows shedding a light on the evolution of advanced representatives. The most basal termite species, Mastotermes darwiniensis, possesses unique morphological and behavioural traits, of which many remain scarcely studied. For these reasons, we conducted a comprehensive study of the alarm communication in this species and compared its components to behavioural modes descri ...
Termitidae; alleles; genetic markers; loci; polymerase chain reaction; population genetics; sequence analysis; soil nutrients; tropics; French Guiana
Abstract:
... Eighteen microsatellite markers from the humivorous termite Cavitermes tuberosus (Isoptera: Termitidae: Termitinae) were developed using a procedure of microsatellite-enriched libraries pyrosequencing. They were optimized in four multiplex PCR sets, and tested on 38 individuals collected in French Guiana. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 13. The expected and observed heterozygositi ...
... The gut microbiota of termites plays critical roles in the symbiotic digestion of lignocellulose. While phylogenetically ‘lower termites’ are characterized by a unique association with cellulolytic flagellates, higher termites (family Termitidae) harbour exclusively prokaryotic communities in their dilated hindguts. Unlike the more primitive termite families, which primarily feed on wood, they hav ...
... Foraging behavior in termites varies with the feeding habits of each species but often occurs through the formation of well-defined trails that connect the nest to food sources in species that build structured nests. We studied the formation of foraging trails and the change in caste ratio during foraging in the termite Velocitermes heteropterus. This species is widespread in Cerrado vegetation wh ...
... The gut microbiota of termites allows them to thrive on a variety of different materials such as wood, litter, and soil. For that reason, they play important roles in the decomposition of biomass in diverse biomes. This function is essential in the savanna, where litter-feeding termites are one of the few invertebrates active during the dry season. In this study, we describe the gut microbiota of ...
Termitidae; digital images; geographical distribution; imagos; redescriptions; tropics; Brazil
Abstract:
... Based on a reexamination of specimens of Crepititermes Emerson deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil (MZUSP), we characterize the morphology and coiling in situ of the digestive tube of workers of Crepititermes verruculosus Emerson for the first time. We provide additional notes on the imago and soldier and present digital images and illustrations for a ...
Coptotermes gestroi; Heterotermes; Hymenoptera; Termitidae; exocrine glands; legs; secretion; social insects; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Social insects have numerous exocrine glands, but these organs are understudied in termites compared to hymenopterans. The tarsomere and distal tibial glands of the termites Heterotermes tenuis, Coptotermes gestroi and Silvestritermes euamignathus were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Pore plates are visible in scanning micrographs on the distal tibial surfaces and on ...
Macrotermes; Scarabaeidae; body size; elytra; fungus gardens; mouthparts; new species; solid wastes; trichomes; Cambodia
Abstract:
... Termitotrox venus sp. n. is described from Cambodia and represents the second discovery of Termitotrox Reichensperger, 1915 from the Indo-Chinese subregion of the Indomalayan region. Most of the type series was collected from refuse dumps in fungus garden cells of Macrotermescf.gilvus (Hagen, 1858). Macrotermes Holmgren, 1910 was previously an unknown host of Termitotrox species. The new species i ...
... Termite soldiers use a multitude of defensive strategies, often combining mechanical weapons with defensive chemicals secreted from their frontal gland. In higher termites (Termitidae), both these weapons are situated in the head of the soldiers. Their simultaneous occurrence is supposed to be subjected to energetic and spatial constraints and the resulting trade‐off often leads to a full developm ...
... Termites have developed many exocrine glands, generally dedicated to defence or communication. Although a few of these glands occur in all termite species, or represent synapomorphies of larger clades, others are morphological innovations of a single species, or a few related species. Here, we describe the nasus gland, a new gland occurring at the base of the nasus of Angularitermes soldiers. The ...
Coptotermes; Termitidae; biogeography; genetic variation; monophyly; rain forests; trees; Africa; Asia; Australia; South America
Abstract:
... The termite genus Coptotermes (Rhinotermitidae) is found in Asia, Africa, Central/South America and Australia, with greatest diversity in Asia. Some Coptotermes species are amongst the world’s most damaging invasive termites, but the genus is also significant for containing the most sophisticated mound-building termites outside the family Termitidae. These mound-building Coptotermes occur only in ...