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You searched for: Publication Year 2015 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2015 Subject term gases Remove constraint Subject term: gases
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1. 15. Control of ice formation in biological samples

Author:
Ido Braslavsky
Source:
Cryobiology 2015 v.71 no.1 pp. 168
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
binding proteins; cooling; cryopreservation; crystallization; crystals; energy; gases; ice; ice nucleation; liquids; melting; melting point; metabolism; osmotic stress; solidification; solutes; sonication; supercooling; temperature; tissues; viscosity; vitrification; water content
Abstract:
... Lowering the temperature of a biological sample reduces the pace of biochemical metabolism and ultimately stops it altogether. This process, in combination with rewarming the sample with minimal tissue damage, is the essence of cryopreservation. A key obstacle to successful cryopreservation is that, as the biological material is cooled, liquid water within the sample may reorganize into a more sta ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.05.021

2. The AHA Moment: Assessment of the Redox Stability of Ionic Liquids Based on Aromatic Heterocyclic Anions (AHAs) for Nuclear Separations and Electric Energy Storage

Author:
Shkrob Ilya A.; Marin Timothy W.
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2015 v.119 no.46 pp. 14766-14779
ISSN:
1520-5207
Subject:
gases; chemical elements; energy; fluorides; metal ions; electrochemistry; anions; chemical bonding; oxidative stability; electric power; benzene; ionic liquids; batteries
Abstract:
... Because of their extended conjugated bond network, aromatic compounds generally have higher redox stability than less saturated compounds. We conjectured that ionic liquids (ILs) consisting of aromatic heterocyclic anions (AHAs) may exhibit improved radiation and electrochemical stability. Such properties are important in applications of these ILs as diluents in radionuclide separations and electr ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b09057

3. Ab initio investigations on the gas phase basicity and nonlinear optical properties of FLiₙOH species (n = 2–5)

Author:
Ambrish Kumar Srivastava; Neeraj Misra
Source:
RSC advances 2015 v.5 no.91 pp. 74206-74211
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
alkalis; energy; gases; hydroxides; ionization; optical properties; salts; synthesis
Abstract:
... Superalkalies, due to lower ionization potentials than alkalies, possess potential reducing capability and can be used in the synthesis of a variety of charge transfer salts. In order to check whether superalkali hydroxides are as basic as a typical alkali hydroxide, we have performed a systematic investigation on the hydroxides of small FLiₙ (n = 2–5) superalkali clusters. The equilibrium structu ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra14735b

4. Ab initio prediction of the equilibrium shape of supported Ag nanoparticles on α-Al2O3(0001)

Author:
Mónica García-Mota; Michael Rieger; Karsten Reuter
Source:
Journal of catalysis 2015 v.321 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
0021-9517
Subject:
additives; aluminum oxide; contact angle; epoxidation reactions; ethylene; gases; geometry; hydroxylation; nanosilver; prediction; screening; silver; thermodynamics; variance
Abstract:
... We combine first-principles atomistic thermodynamics with a Wulff–Kaichew construction to determine the equilibrium shape of Ag particles supported on α-Al2O3(0001) under gas-phase conditions representative for ethylene epoxidation. The formation of three-dimensional truncated octahedra is predicted for both the Al-terminated (AlO3Al-R) and the fully hydroxylated O-terminated (H3O3Al-R) alumina su ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcat.2014.10.009

5. Absorption and recovery of n-hexane in aqueous solutions of fluorocarbon surfactants

Author:
Xiao Xiao; Bo Yan; Jiamo Fu; Xianming Xiao
Source:
Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015 v.37 pp. 163-171
ISSN:
1001-0742
Subject:
absorption; air pollution; aqueous solutions; distillation; gases; heat; hexane; human health; organic production; perfluorocarbons; solubilization; solvents; surfactants
Abstract:
... n-Hexane is widely used in industrial production as an organic solvent. As an industrial exhaust gas, the contribution of n-hexane to air pollution and damage to human health are attracting increasing attention. In the present study, aqueous solutions of two fluorocarbon surfactants (FSN100 and FSO100) were investigated for their properties of solubilization and dynamic absorption of n-hexane, as ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jes.2015.03.023

6. Access to pure and highly volatile hydrochalcogenide ionic liquids

Author:
L. H. Finger; F. Wohde; E. I. Grigoryev; A.-K. Hansmann; R. Berger; B. Roling; J. Sundermeyer
Source:
Chemical communications 2015 v.51 no.90 pp. 16169-16172
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
chemical reactions; gases; hydrogen sulfide; imidazoles; ionic liquids; organic salts; sublimation; volatilization
Abstract:
... The reaction of methylcarbonate ionic liquids with H₂S or H₂Se offers a highly selective synthesis of analytically pure, well-defined and soluble hydrosulphide and hydroselenide organic salts of general interest. Among them, imidazolium hydrochalcogenides show an astonishingly high volatility for cation-aprotic ILs, which allows their quantitative sublimation below 100 °C/10⁻² mbar and actually re ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5cc06224a

7. Acid‐catalysed glucose dehydration in the gas phase: a mass spectrometric approach

Author:
Andreina Ricci; Brunella Di Rienzo; Federico Pepi; Anna Troiani; Stefania Garzoli; Pierluigi Giacomello
Source:
Journal of mass spectrometry 2015 v.50 no.1 pp. 228-234
ISSN:
1076-5174
Subject:
biomass; cellulose; gases; glucose; hemicellulose; hydroxymethylfurfural; industry; ions; levulinic acid; lignocellulose; mass spectrometry; sustainable development; xylose
Abstract:
... Understanding on a molecular level the acid‐catalysed decomposition of the sugar monomers from hemicellulose and cellulose (e.g. glucose, xylose), the main constituent of lignocellulosic biomass is very important to increase selectivity and reaction yields in solution, key steps for the development of a sustainable renewable industry. In this work we reported a gas‐phase study performed by electro ...
DOI:
10.1002/jms.3525

8. Acylamido-Based Anion-Functionalized Ionic Liquids for Efficient SO2 Capture through Multiple-Site Interactions

Author:
Cui Guokai; Zhang Fengtao; Zhou Xiuyuan; Huang Yanjie; Xuan Xiaopeng; Wang Jianji
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry 2015 v.3 no.9 pp. 2264-2270
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; absorption; gases; ionic liquids; nitrogen; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; sulfur dioxide
Abstract:
... Acid gases such as SO₂ can be absorbed by ionic liquids (ILs) because of their unique properties. In this work, we developed a new approach for improving SO₂ absorption by novel acylamido-based anion-functionalized ILs. Several kinds of such ILs with different structures of acylamido group (anionic acylamide) were designed, prepared, and used for efficient capture of SO₂. It was shown that these a ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00526

9. Addition of the Sulfur Dioxide Group (SO2), the Oxygen Group (O2), and the Nitric Oxide Group (NO) to the E-PPR78 Model

Author:
Xu Xiaochun; Privat Romain; Jaubert Jean-Noël
Source:
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2015 v.54 no.38 pp. 9494-9504
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
alkenes; argon (noble gases); carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; carbon sequestration; engineering; enthalpy; equations; gases; heat; hydrogen; hydrogen sulfide; mixing; models; nitric oxide; nitrogen; oxygen; sulfur dioxide; thiols
Abstract:
... The E-PPR78 model is a predictive version of the widely used Peng–Robinson equation of state in which the binary interaction parameters are estimated by a group-contribution method. With the 24 groups available before the writing of this paper, such a model could be used to predict fluid phase equilibrium of systems containing hydrocarbons, permanent gases (CO₂, N₂, H₂S, H₂, CO, He, and Ar), merca ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02639

10. Addressing the CO2 emissions of the world's largest coal producer and consumer: Lessons from the Haishiwan Coalfield, China

Author:
Wei Li; Paul L. Younger; Yuanping Cheng; Baoyong Zhang; Hongxing Zhou; Qingquan Liu; Tao Dai; Shengli Kong; Kan Jin; Quanlin Yang
Source:
Energy 2015 v.80 pp. 400-413
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; coal; energy; gases; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; labor force; mining; models; oil shale; China
Abstract:
... China is now the world's largest user of coal, and also has the highest greenhouse gas emissions associated with the mining and use of coal. In the mining sector, the interests of workforce safety coincide with those of GHG (greenhouse gas) management. While the traditional approach to ensuring workforce safety in coal mines was simply to vent the hazardous gases to the atmosphere, thus increasing ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2014.11.081

11. Adsorption and Desorption of Water in Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Mesoporous Silica with Different Pore Dimensions

Author:
Hwang Junho; Kataoka Sho; Endo Akira; Daiguji Hirofumi
Source:
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2015 v.119 no.46 pp. 26171-26182
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
adsorption; desorption; equations; evaporation; gases; gravimetry; hysteresis; mass transfer; porous media; relative humidity; silica; water uptake
Abstract:
... We have investigated the adsorption and desorption of water in two-dimensional hexagonal mesoporous silica (MPS) with three different pore dimensions. All the adsorption–desorption isotherms exhibited type V behavior with significant hysteresis. Hysteresis was observed in the transient region between the layer adsorption state and the pore filling state, where capillary condensation and evaporatio ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b08564

12. Adsorption and transport of methane in landfill cover soil amended with waste-wood biochars

Author:
Bala Yamini Sadasivam; Krishna R. Reddy
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2015 v.158 pp. 11-23
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
adsorption; biochar; biodegradation; carbon dioxide; emissions; environmental factors; gases; hardwood; heat; kinetics; landfills; methane; methanotrophs; models; oxidation; soil; soil amendments; sorption isotherms; temperature; waste wood; water content; water holding capacity
Abstract:
... The natural presence of methane oxidizing bacteria (MOB) in landfill soils can stimulate the bio-chemical oxidation of CH4 to CO2 and H2O under suitable environmental conditions. This mechanism can be enhanced by amending the landfill cover soil with organic materials such as biochars that are recalcitrant to biological degradation and are capable of adsorbing CH4 while facilitating the growth and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.04.032

13. Adsorption of Bitumen Model Compounds on Kaolinite in Liquid and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Solvents: A Study by Periodic Density Functional Theory and Molecular Theory of Solvation

Author:
Lage Mateus Ribeiro; Stoyanov Stanislav R.; Carneiro José Walkimar de Mesquita; Dabros Tadek; Kovalenko Andriy
Source:
Energy & Fuels 2015 v.29 no.5 pp. 2853-2863
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
adsorption; aluminum hydroxide; bitumen; carbon dioxide; chemical elements; desorption; energy; gases; geometry; hydrogen bonding; hydrophobic bonding; kaolinite; methodology; models; naphthalene; oil sands; oils; solvents; temperature; thermodynamics; van der Waals forces
Abstract:
... The geometry of phenanthridine, benzothiophene, tetralin, and naphthalene representative of the heterocyclic, naphthenic, and aromatic components of bitumen adsorbed on kaolinite is optimized using density functional theory and periodic boundary conditions in gas phase. These bitumen model compounds preferentially adsorb on the aluminum hydroxide surface of kaolinite with energy decreasing in the ...
DOI:
10.1021/ef502202q

14. Advanced Structural Analysis of Nanoporous Materials by Thermal Response Measurements

Author:
Oschatz Martin; Leistner Matthias; Nickel Winfried; Kaskel Stefan
Source:
Langmuir 2015 v.31 no.13 pp. 4040-4047
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
adsorbents; adsorption; butanes; calorimetry; carbon; carbon dioxide; desorption; enthalpy; gases; models; nanopores; temperature
Abstract:
... Thermal response measurements based on optical adsorption calorimetry are presented as a versatile tool for the time-saving and profound characterization of the pore structure of porous carbon-based materials. This technique measures the time-resolved temperature change of an adsorbent during adsorption of a test gas. Six carbide and carbon materials with well-defined nanopore architecture includi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00490

15. Advanced purification and comprehensive utilization of yellow phosphorous off gas

Author:
Ping Ning; Xiangyu Wang
Source:
Frontiers of environmental science & engineering 2015 v.9 no.2 pp. 181-189
ISSN:
2095-2201
Subject:
carbon monoxide; chemical industry; engineering; gases; phosphorus; pollution; raw materials; recycling; value added
Abstract:
... Yellow phosphorous is an important raw material in the chemical industry. However, during the production of yellow phosphorous, high concentrations of carbon monoxide and other impurities are released. Without appropriate purification and removal, this off gas has potential to cause severe pollution problems once released. Purified yellow phosphorous off gas can be beneficially reused as a raw mat ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11783-014-0698-1

16. Advances in nanomaterial-assisted cataluminescence and its sensing applications

Author:
Lichun Zhang; Hongjie Song; Yingying Su; Yi Lv
Source:
Trends in analytical chemistry 2015 v.67 pp. 107-127
ISSN:
0165-9936
Subject:
catalytic activity; chemical analysis; gases; instrumentation; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Cataluminescence (CTL) emitted on the surface of solid materials during a catalytic reaction is a very interesting phenomenon, which gives a novel, powerful tool for chemical analysis. Nanomaterial-assisted CTL is a promising transduction principle for gas sensing, and its main features of high sensitivity and long lifetime are also favorable for developing a wide array of analytical devices. This ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.trac.2015.01.008

17. Aero-dispersed mutagenicity attributed to particulate and semi volatile phase in an urban environment

Author:
Deborah Traversi; Evelina Festa; Cristina Pignata; Giorgio Gilli
Source:
Chemosphere 2015 v.124 pp. 163-169
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Salmonella; air pollution; data collection; gases; genotoxicity; monitoring; mutagenicity; particulates; pollutants; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; urban areas
Abstract:
... Commonly the atmospheric pollution research is focussed on particulate indicators especially when mutagenicity was studied. On the other hand the volatile and semi-volatile compounds no adsorbed on to the particles can be genotoxic and mutagenic. Moreover some mutagenic compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are present both in the particulate and in the gas-phase in according to che ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.12.033

18. Aerosol particle and trace gas emissions from earthworks, road construction, and asphalt paving in Germany: Emission factors and influence on local air quality

Author:
Peter Faber; Frank Drewnick; Stephan Borrmann
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2015 v.122 pp. 662-671
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
aerosols; air quality; atmospheric chemistry; bitumen; combustion; dust emissions; emissions factor; gas emissions; gases; heat emissions; hydrocarbons; nitrogen content; nitrogen oxides; particulate emissions; particulates; road construction; roads; sawing; soil water; traffic; wind speed; Germany
Abstract:
... Aerosol emissions from construction sites have a strong impact on local air quality. The chemical and physical characteristics of particles and trace gases emitted by earthworks (excavation and loading of soil as well as traffic on unpaved roads) and road works (asphalt sawing, smashing, soil compacting, asphalt paving) have therefore been addressed in this study by using a mobile set-up of numero ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.10.036

19. Affinity ranking of peptide–polyphenol non-covalent assemblies by mass spectrometry approaches

Author:
Benoît Plet; Adéline Delcambre; Stéphane Chaignepain; Jean-Marie Schmitter
Source:
Tetrahedron 2015 v.71 pp. 3007-3011
ISSN:
0040-4020
Subject:
amino acids; astringency; chemical reactions; chemical structure; energy; gases; humans; mass spectrometry; peptides; polyphenols; proteins
Abstract:
... Energy Resolved Mass Spectrometry of peptide-polyphenol complexes was used to characterize the affinity of a selection of 21 polyphenols for peptides from human salivary basic Proline Rich Proteins (PRPb) having variable lengths. The affinity scale determined in the gas phase for a 14 amino acid long peptide is in agreement with results obtained in the liquid phase with the same PRPb probe immobil ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.015

20. Agroecology and the design of climate change-resilient farming systems

Author:
Miguel A. Altieri; Clara I. Nicholls; Alejandro Henao; Marcos A. Lana
Source:
Agronomy for sustainable development 2015 v.35 no.3 pp. 869-890
ISSN:
1774-0746
Subject:
agroecosystems; agroforestry; animals; biodiversity; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; crop yield; cropping systems; disasters; drought; farmers; farms; food availability; food production; gases; genetic variation; germplasm; greenhouses; harvesting; hurricanes; insect pests; landscapes; organic matter; organic soils; pathogens; population dynamics; rural communities; soil management; surface temperature; surveys; traditional farming; water conservation; weeds
Abstract:
... Diverse, severe, and location-specific impacts on agricultural production are anticipated with climate change. The last IPCC report indicates that the rise of CO₂ and associated “greenhouse” gases could lead to a 1.4 to 5.8 °C increase in global surface temperatures, with subsequent consequences on precipitation frequency and amounts. Temperature and water availability remain key factors in determ ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13593-015-0285-2