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You searched for: Publication Year 2014 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2014 Source 2014 v.39 no.2 Remove constraint Source: 2014 v.39 no.2
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1. A New Species of Maytenus (Celastraceae) with Fleshy Fruits from Eastern Brazil, with Notes on the Delimitation of Maytenus

Author:
Groppo Milton; Simmons Mark P.; Cappa Jennifer J.; Biral Leonardo; Lombardi Julio A.
Source:
Systematic botany 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 478-484
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
Maytenus; conservation status; deforestation; ecosystems; fruits; genes; geographical distribution; leaves; new species; paraphyly; phenology; plant taxonomy; rain forests; ribosomal DNA; seeds; taxonomic keys; tropics; Brazil
Abstract:
... A new species of Celastraceae, Maytenus megalocarpa, is described and illustrated. The species is known from only a small number of collections from eastern Brazil, in the Atlantic Rainforest of Bahia and Minas Gerais states. It is considered endangered given the rapid deforestation of this biome. The species is readily distinguished from its congeners by its large, tardily dehiscent fruit that do ...
DOI:
10.1600/036364414X680726

2. A conserved zinc finger transcription factor GATA involving in the hemocyte production of scallop Chlamys farreri

Author:
Feng Yue; Zhi Zhou; Lingling Wang; Mengqiang Wang; Linsheng Song
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 125-135
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Azumapecten farreri; GATA transcription factors; RNA interference; amino acids; complementary DNA; double-stranded RNA; gel electrophoresis; genes; gills; heart; hematopoiesis; hemocytes; hepatopancreas; in vitro studies; messenger RNA; nucleotide sequences; polypeptides; scallops; zinc finger motif
Abstract:
... GATA are a family of transcription factors characterized by their ability to bind to the DNA sequence “GATA”, and involved in a myriad of cellular processes. GATA1/2/3 factors are known as the hematopoietic GATA factors, which play dominated roles in regulating hematopoiesis. In the present study, a gene encoding GATA transcription factor (designed as CfGATA) was cloned and characterized from the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.010

3. A new cryptic species of the Chrysoperla carnea group (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from western Asia: parallel speciation without ecological adaptation

Author:
CHARLES S. HENRY; STEPHEN J. BROOKS; JAMES B. JOHNSON; ATSUSHI MOCHIZUKI; PETER DUELLI
Source:
Systematic entomology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 380-393
ISSN:
0307-6970
Subject:
Chrysoperla carnea; Chrysoperla plorabunda; ancestry; ecology; hybridization; life history; mitochondrial DNA; new species; parallel evolution; phenotype; phylogeny; sympatry; Asia
Abstract:
... Parallel (or convergent) evolution of vibrational mating songs between species confined to different continents has been found several times in the Chrysoperla carnea species‐group of cryptic (morphologically indistinguishable) green lacewings. Repeated parallel speciation resulting in taxa that differ in duetting songs but not in appearance or ecology suggests an atypical mode of speciation, one ...
DOI:
10.1111/syen.12061

4. A new species of Pseudotettigonia Zeuner (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) with an intact stridulatory field and reexamination of the subfamily Pseudotettigoniinae

Author:
DALE E. GREENWALT; JES RUST
Source:
Systematic entomology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 256-263
ISSN:
0307-6970
Subject:
Tettigonia viridissima; fossils; insect morphology; insect taxonomy; new species; Montana
Abstract:
... Pseudotettigonia leona sp.n. is described from a single left forewing collected from the Middle Eocene Kishenehn Formation in northwestern Montana, U.S.A. P. leona is the second of only two fossil macropterous Tettigoniidae that preserve an intact stridulatory apparatus. The subfamily Pseudotettigoniinae is reexamined. The specific epithet bricei is assigned to the late Miocene fossil tettigoniid ...
DOI:
10.1111/syen.12050

5. A personal perspective on individual and group: Comparative cultural observations with a focus on Ibn Khaldun

Author:
George Katsiaficas
Source:
Journal of biosciences 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 327-332
ISSN:
0250-5991
Subject:
Muslims; cultural differences; history; humans
Abstract:
... As the Islamic world declined in the 14th century, Ibn Khaldun wrote the Muqaddimah, a massive philosophical work in which he sought scientific grounds for a universal analysis of human beings. By seeking a global history of humanity, one that was not derived from the particular history of any one group, he was able to offer insight into the importance of group solidarity, assabiyeh. In this essay ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12038-013-9393-9
PubMed:
24736163

6. Agricultural Landscape Sustainability under Pressure: Policy Developments and Landscape Change

Author:
Jørgen Primdahl
Source:
Landscape research 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 123-140
ISSN:
1469-9710
Subject:
agricultural land; agricultural policy; environmental policy; farmers; farms; income; landscapes; planning; public policy; urbanization
Abstract:
... Agricultural landscape sustainability is affected by combinations of agricultural developments and various forms of urbanisation. This paper analyses how public policy, including spatial planning, has responded over time and affected these two drivers which intersect in various ways depending on the regional context and local conditions. Using data from recent Danish studies, the paper shows how a ...
DOI:
10.1080/01426397.2014.891726

7. Bartonella Species in Fleas from Palestinian Territories: Prevalence and Genetic Diversity

Author:
Nasereddin A.; Risheq A.; Harrus S.; Azmi K.; Ereqat S.; Baneth G.; Salant H.; Mumcuoglu K.Y.; Abdeen Z.
Source:
Journal of vector ecology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 261-270
ISSN:
1081-1710
Subject:
Bartonella clarridgeiae; Bartonella elizabethae; Bartonella henselae; Bartonella koehlerae; Bartonella tribocorum; Ctenocephalides canis; Ctenocephalides felis; DNA; Procaviidae; Rattus rattus; Xenopsylla; cats; dogs; domestic animals; genes; genetic variation; internal transcribed spacers; loci; pathogens; phylogeny; rats; ribosomal RNA; risk; sequence analysis
Abstract:
... Bartonellosis is an infectious bacterial disease. The prevalence and genetic characteristics of Bartonella spp. in fleas of wild and domestic animals from Palestinian territories are described. Flea samples (n=289) were collected from 121 cats, 135 dogs, 26 hyraxes and seven rats from northern (n=165), central (n=113), and southern Palestinian territories (n=11). The prevalent flea species were: C ...
DOI:
10.3376/i1081-1710-39-261

8. Biting Patterns and Host Preference of Anopheles epiroticus in Chang Island, Trat Province, Eastern Thailand

Author:
Ritthison Wanapa; Tainchum Krajana; Manguin Sylvie; Bangs Michael J.; Chareonviriyaphap Theeraphap
Source:
Journal of vector ecology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 361-371
ISSN:
1081-1710
Subject:
Anopheles dirus; Anopheles epiroticus; Anopheles maculatus; Anopheles minimus; blood; coasts; dry season; females; hills; host preferences; insect vectors; malaria; species diversity; vector control; villages; Thailand
Abstract:
... A study of species diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes, biting patterns, and seasonal abundance of important mosquito vectors was conducted in two villages of Chang Island, Trat Province, in eastern Thailand, one located along the coast and the other in the low hills of the central interior of the island. Of 5,399 captured female anophelines, 70.25% belong to the subgenus Cellia and remaining specim ...
DOI:
10.3376/i1081-1710-39-361

9. Borrelia crocidurae in Ornithodoros Ticks from Northwestern Morocco: A Range Extension in Relation to Climatic Change?

Author:
Souidi Yassine; Boudebouch Najma; Ezikouri Sayeh; Belghyti Driss; Trape Jean-François; Sarih M'hammed
Source:
Journal of vector ecology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 316-320
ISSN:
1081-1710
Subject:
Borrelia crocidurae; Ornithodoros; burrows; climate change; dry environmental conditions; fever; humans; polymerase chain reaction; rodents; sequence analysis; ticks; Morocco
Abstract:
... Tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is caused by Borrelia spirochetes transmitted to humans by Argasid soft ticks of the genus Ornithodoros. We investigated the presence of Ornithodoros ticks in rodent burrows in nine sites of the Gharb region of northwestern Morocco where we recently documented a high incidence of TBRF in humans. We assessed the Borrelia infection rate by nested PCR and sequencing. ...
DOI:
10.3376/i1081-1710-39-316

10. Characterization of novel galactosylated chitin-oligosaccharides and chitosan-oligosaccharides

Author:
Brenna A. Black; Yalu Yan; Sandra Galle; Ying Hu; Jonathan M. Curtis; Michael G. Gänzle
Source:
International dairy journal 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 330-335
ISSN:
0958-6946
Subject:
Lactobacillus plantarum; beta-galactosidase; enzymatic reactions; lactose; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; polymerization
Abstract:
... This study determined whether chitin-oligosaccharides and chitosan-oligosaccharides (COS) are suitable acceptor carbohydrates for the LacLM-type β-galactosidase of Lactobacillus plantarum. Enzymatic reactions were carried out with lactose as galactosyl-donor and chitinbiose (N,N′-diacetyl chitobiose), chitintriose (N,N′N″-triacetyl chitotriose) or a highly deacetylated COS preparation with a degre ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.08.001

11. Chemical aspects of host‐acceptance behaviour in the bird cherry‐oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi: host‐acceptance signals used by different morphs with the same genotype

Author:
Ki Jung Nam; Jim Hardie
Source:
Physiological entomology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 143-152
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Prunus padus; Prunus virginiana; Rhopalosiphum padi; adults; artificial diets; barley; beans; genotype; grasses; growing season; host plants; leaves; morphs; nymphs; parturition; plant extracts; progeny; seedlings
Abstract:
... Host acceptance by gynoparae and winged virginoparae of the bird cherry‐oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) is investigated utilizing leaves and aqueous extracts of the primary and secondary hosts, as well as nonhost plants. Gynoparae are specialized to reproduce on bird cherry Prunus padus L., whereas virginoparae reproduce and feed on various grasses. Host acceptance is assessed using levels of re ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12058

12. Chymosin-induced hydrolysis of caseins: Influence of degree of phosphorylation of alpha-s1-casein and genetic variants of beta-casein

Author:
Etske Bijl; Hein van Valenberg; Sybren Sikkes; Stijn Jumelet; Guido Sala; Kees Olieman; Toon van Hooijdonk; Thom Huppertz
Source:
International dairy journal 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 215-221
ISSN:
0958-6946
Subject:
alphaS1-casein; amino acid composition; beta-casein; chymosin; firmness; gel strength; gels; genetic variation; hydrolysis; milk; phosphates; phosphorylation; proteolysis; sodium caseinate
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of natural variations in αS1-casein and β-casein composition of milk on chymosin-induced hydrolysis of these caseins in milk gels and in sodium caseinate solutions. At 50% casein degradation, 15% more of αS1-casein with eight phosphate groups was hydrolysed compared with αS1-casein with nine phosphate groups in chymosin-induced milk gels. F ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.07.005

13. Classification and phagocytosis of circulating haemocytes in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) and the effect of extrinsic stimulation on circulating haemocytes in vivo

Author:
Sunjian Lv; Jiehao Xu; Jing Zhao; Na Yin; Binjie Lu; Song Li; Yuyin Chen; Haisheng Xu
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 415-422
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Aeromonas hydrophila; Bacillus subtilis; Eriocheir sinensis; aquaculture; crabs; cytoplasmic granules; electron microscopy; granules; granulocytes; hemocytes; lipopolysaccharides; pathogens; phagocytes; phagocytosis; polystyrenes; toxicity; China
Abstract:
... Eriocheir sinensis (Henri Milne Edwards 1854) is one of the most important aquaculture species in China. In this investigation, we characterised the different types of haemocytes of E. sinensis using light and electron microscopy combined with cytochemical analysis and determined the in vivo phagocytic ability of different haemocyte types by injecting polystyrene beads. The haemocytes of E. sinens ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.036

14. Comparison of the wing polyphenic response of pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) to crowding and predator cues

Author:
SWAPNA R. PURANDARE; BRIGITTE TENHUMBERG; JENNIFER A. BRISSON
Source:
Ecological entomology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 263-266
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
Coccinella septempunctata; risk; Hippodamia convergens; Acyrthosiphon pisum; predators; laboratory experimentation; predation; progeny; habitats; females
Abstract:
... Pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris; Hemiptera: Aphididae) exhibit transgenerational wing polyphenism, in which unwinged females produce genetically identical winged offspring in response to environmental cues such as overcrowding and predation risk that indicate poor habitat quality. Laboratory experiments were carried out to explore the intensity of the wing polyphenic response of pea aphids ...
DOI:
10.1111/een.12080
PubMed:
24791058
PubMed Central:
PMC4002047

15. Cross-modal interaction between cheese taste and aroma

Author:
Jun Niimi; Andrew I. Eddy; Amy R. Overington; Patrick Silcock; Phil J. Bremer; Conor M. Delahunty
Source:
International dairy journal 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 222-228
ISSN:
0958-6946
Subject:
Cheddar cheese; flavor; lactic acid; monosodium glutamate; odors; olfactometers; sodium chloride; taste
Abstract:
... The relative contributions of taste and aroma to the perception of cheese flavour intensity were investigated using a simultaneous gustometer olfactometer. Within a mixture of five tastes and a multicomponent aroma that had a mature Cheddar cheese character, the levels of NaCl, monosodium glutamate (MSG), lactic acid, and aroma were varied according to a 24 full factorial design, all with appropri ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.07.002

16. Cryptic and Overlooked: Species Delimitation in the Mycoheterotrophic Monotropsis (Ericaceae: Monotropoideae)

Author:
Rose Jeffrey P.; Freudenstein John V.
Source:
Systematic botany 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 578-593
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
Ericaceae; autumn; chloroplast DNA; flowering; geographical distribution; herbs; morphometry; nuclear genome; phenology; plant taxonomy; principal component analysis; symbiosis; taxonomic revisions; Florida
Abstract:
... Most recent treatments of Monotropsis recognize a single species of achlorophyllous, mycoheterotrophic herbs endemic to the southeastern U. S. A. (M. odorata), although four species have been described. This study reevaluates these proposed taxa using a comprehensive approach to species delimitation analyzing variation in morphology, phenology, geography, nuclear DNA, and chloroplast DNA. Principa ...
DOI:
10.1600/036364414X680762

17. Die Kristallstruktur von Tricarbonyl(2.6-di-tert-butyl-pyridin)chrom(0) bei 200 K / Crystal Structure of Tricarbonyl(2,6-di/tert-butyl-pyridine)chromium(0) at 200 K

Author:
Roland E. Schmidt; Werner Massa
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 213-216
ISSN:
0932-0776
Subject:
aromatic hydrocarbons; chromium; crystal structure; ligands; moieties; pyridines
Abstract:
... Based on single crystal X-ray diffraction data the crystal structure of tricarbonyl(2,6-dwmbutyl- pyridine)chromium(0) has been determined at 200 K: space group P 2₁/n, Z = 4, lattice constants a = 680.6(5), b - 1383.3(10), c = 1763.0(16) pm, β = 96.53(8)°, refinement to Rw - 0.048 for 1672 independent reflections with FO > 2 σ. The chromium atom is η6π6- bonded to the essentially planar pyridine ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-1984-0216

18. Diel behaviour and time budget of the adult pine weevil Hylobius abietis

Author:
Frauke Fedderwitz; Niklas Björklund; Velemir Ninkovic; Göran Nordlander
Source:
Physiological entomology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 103-110
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Hylobius abietis; Picea abies; adults; egg production; females; forest regeneration; girdling; locomotion; males; plant response; seedlings; Europe
Abstract:
... The pine weevil [Hylobius abietis (L.); Coleoptera: Curculionidae] has a high economic impact on forest regeneration in Europe. The general biology of the pine weevil has received considerable attention, although there is insufficient knowledge about its diel behaviour and time budget. Therefore, in the present study, the feeding and locomotion behaviour of individual adult weevils on Norway spruc ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12053

19. Dimere Naphthochinone, X* Ein neuartiger Syntheseweg zu Desapogossypolon-tetraethylether / Dimeric Naphthoquinones, X* A Convenient Synthesis of Desapogossypolone Tetraethyl Ether

Author:
Hartmut Laatsch
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 244-247
ISSN:
0932-0776
Subject:
chemical reactions; chemical structure; gossypol; naphthoquinones
Abstract:
... Desapogossypolone tetraethyl (2b), a degradation product of gossypol (1), was obtained in a simple way by oxidative coupling of 6,7-diethoxy-4-methoxy-1-naphthol (7c) and C-methylation with diazomethane ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-1984-0221

20. Dispersal and recruitment of fish in an intermittent stream network

Author:
Tim Dexter; Nick Bond; Robin Hale; Paul Reich
Source:
Austral ecology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 225-235
ISSN:
1442-9985
Subject:
temporal variation; species dispersal; winter; landscapes; surveys; drought; spring; habitat conservation; streams; swimming; perch; Galaxiidae; surface water; population structure; habitats
Abstract:
... Animal movement is an important process connecting habitats in heterogeneous landscapes, and can play a key role in population persistence. Laboratory swim trials were conducted to determine and compare the dispersal capabilities of two native Australian fish, mountain galaxias (Galaxias olidus, Family Galaxiidae) and southern pygmy perch (Nannoperca australis, Family Nannopercidae) that maintain ...
DOI:
10.1111/aec.12064

21. Distinct regulation patterns of the two prophenoloxidase activating enzymes corresponding to bacteria challenge and their compensatory over expression feature in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Author:
Zhenguo Pang; Su-Kyoung Kim; Jiaping Yu; In-kwon Jang
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 158-167
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Litopenaeus vannamei; Vibrio harveyi; bacteria; enzymes; genes; hemolymph; innate immunity; melanization; messenger RNA; mortality; pathogens; prophenoloxidase; shrimp; tissues; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... Prophenoloxidase activating enzyme 2 (PPAE2), which belongs to the second PPAE family of prawns, was isolated from white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The currently identified lvPPAE2 and lvPPAE1 from our former report were taken as model candidates to analyze the relationship of the two shrimp PPAE families as well as the regulation mechanism of shrimp PPAEs. The tissue expression of lvPPAE2 was m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2014.04.026

22. Early growth and obesity risk – What should health professionals be advising?

Author:
E. Papadopoulou; S. Stanner
Source:
Nutrition bulletin 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 195-212
ISSN:
1471-9827
Subject:
at-risk population; underweight; obesity; adults; breast feeding; women; human development; low birth weight; observational studies; energy balance; infant formulas; risk factors; pregnancy; children; infancy; diabetes; lifestyle; infants; weight gain; nutritional status; complementary foods; health care workers; body composition; protein content; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Obesity rates in the UK have been continuously increasing among adults and children and have been attributed to nutritional and lifestyle practices that promote a positive shift in energy balance. Over the last few decades, a growing body of evidence suggests that the origins of obesity start at the earliest stages of human development and specifically pre‐conception, in utero and during early inf ...
DOI:
10.1111/nbu.12090

23. Eating fish for two

Author:
J. J. Strain
Source:
Nutrition bulletin 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 181-186
ISSN:
1471-9827
Subject:
adverse effects; child development; education; epidemiological studies; fetal development; fish; fish consumption; issues and policy; methylmercury compounds; neurodevelopment; nutrients; polyunsaturated fatty acids; pregnancy; risk; toxicity; whales; Faroe Islands; Seychelles; United Kingdom; United States
Abstract:
... This article is based on the British Nutrition Foundation's Annual Lecture 2013, which focused on maternal fish consumption and the effects of methylmercury (MeHg) on fetal development, with respect to current guidance and policy on fish consumption during pregnancy. Fish makes a valuable contribution to nutrient intakes across the globe and is the primary protein source for many individuals, part ...
DOI:
10.1111/nbu.12088
PubMed:
25132804
PubMed Central:
PMC4131443

24. Ecological Succession and Its Impact on Malaria Vectors and Their Predators in Borrow Pits in Western Ethiopia

Author:
Kiszewski Anthony E.; Teffera Zelalem; Wondafrash Melaku; Ravesi Michael; Pollack Richard J.
Source:
Journal of vector ecology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 414-423
ISSN:
1081-1710
Subject:
Acroceras macrum; Anopheles gambiae; Centella asiatica; Culex; Cyperus; Leersia hexandra; Notonectidae; Smithia; Trifolium; breeding; ecological succession; fauna; grasses; habitats; immatures; invertebrates; larvae; legumes; malaria; plant communities; predators; soil; surveys; watersheds; wet season; Ethiopia
Abstract:
... Soil pits excavated for home construction are important larval habitats for malaria vectors in certain parts of Africa. Borrow pits in diverse stages of ecological succession in a maize-farming region of Western Ethiopia were surveyed to assess the relationships between stage of succession and the structure and composition of invertebrate and plant communities, with particular attention to Anophel ...
DOI:
10.3376/i1081-1710-39-414

25. Editorial: Pathways towards Local Scale Policy Integration in Agricultural Landscapes

Author:
Simon Swaffield; Jørgen Primdahl
Source:
Landscape research 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 101-106
ISSN:
1469-9710
Subject:
agricultural land; attitudes and opinions; funding; issues and policy; resource management
Abstract:
... The opinions expressed and arguments employed in the papers derived from the 2011 Copenhagen Workshop are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the OECD or of the governments of its Member countries. The 2011 Copenhagen Workshop from which the special issue papers on ‘Pathways towards Local Scale Policy Integration in Agricultural Landscapes’ were developed ...
DOI:
10.1080/01426397.2014.889461

26. Effect of high-pressure-processing on lipolysis and volatile compounds of Brie cheese during ripening and refrigerated storage

Author:
Javier Calzada; Ana del Olmo; Antonia Picon; Manuel Nuñez
Source:
International dairy journal 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 232-239
ISSN:
0958-6946
Subject:
Brie cheese; acids; alcohols; aldehydes; amines; cold storage; color; consumer acceptance; esters; ethers; fatty acid composition; free fatty acids; hydrocarbons; ketones; lipolysis; manufacturing; odors; pyrazines; ripening; sulfur; volatile compounds
Abstract:
... Brie cheeses were high pressure (HP)-treated at 400 or 600 MPa, on days 14 or 21 after manufacture, to prevent over-ripening. HP-treatment reduced total free fatty acid content of 120-day-old cheese by up to 88.5%. On day 120, HP-treated cheeses had levels of alcohols, aldehydes, acids, esters and ethers up to 3.4, 1.9, 43.8, 18.7 and 5.6 times higher, respectively, than control cheese, while keto ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.07.007

27. Effect of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid induced resistance in groundnut on Helicoverpa armigera

Author:
Abdul R. War; Hari C. Sharma
Source:
Physiological entomology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 136-142
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Helicoverpa armigera; adverse effects; correlation; crops; genotype; induced resistance; insect control; insect growth; insect pests; jasmonic acid; larvae; midgut; peanuts; proteins; salicylic acid; secondary metabolites; trypsin
Abstract:
... Induced resistance in plants affects insect growth and development as a result of the up‐regulation of defence‐related secondary metabolites or enzyme‐binding proteins. In the present study, the effects of jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) induced resistance in groundnut on Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) are examined. Larval survival, larval weights and the activities of digestive enzymes ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12057

28. Effect of water trophic level on the impact of the water hyacinth moth Niphograpta albiguttalis on Eichhornia crassipes

Author:
K Canavan; JA Coetzee; MP Hill; ID Paterson
Source:
African journal of aquatic science 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 203-208
ISSN:
1727-9364
Subject:
Eichhornia crassipes; Niphograpta albiguttalis; biological control agents; eutrophication; greenhouse experimentation; herbivores; invasive species; moths; water quality; South Africa
Abstract:
... Eutrophication contributes to the proliferation of alien invasive weed species such as water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes . Although the South American moth Niphograpta albiguttalis was released in South Africa in 1990 as a biological control agent against water hyacinth, no post-release evaluations have yet been conducted here. The impact of N. albiguttalis on water hyacinth growth was quantifie ...
DOI:
10.2989/16085914.2014.893225

29. Effectiveness of Noninvasive DNA Analysis to Reveal Isolated-Forest Use by the Sable Martes zibellina on Eastern Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Nagai Tomoko; Murakami Takahiro; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 99-104
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
DNA; Martes; females; forests; genetic markers; home range; males; monitoring; urine; wintering grounds; Japan
Abstract:
... In order to assess importance of isolated forests as the wintering habitat of the sable (Martes zibellina) in eastern Hokkaido, Japan, we performed DNA analyses on 59 samples noninvasively collected in field (54 fecal, 3 urine and 2 hair samples). Consequently, 46 (41 fecal, 3 urine and 2 hair samples) of the 59 samples were recognized to have dropped from the sable. In addition, we successfully i ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0205

30. Effects of predation risk and plant resistance on Manduca sexta caterpillar feeding behaviour and physiology

Author:
JENNIFER S. THALER; HEIDY CONTRERAS; GOGGY DAVIDOWITZ
Source:
Ecological entomology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 210-216
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
Manduca sexta; Podisus maculiventris; feeding behavior; food availability; host plants; ingestion; insect larvae; physiological response; predation; predators; resting metabolic rate; risk; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Because predation risk typically alters how prey forage for food, interactions between predation risk and food availability are commonly found. Less is known about how host plant quality and predation risk interact to affect prey behaviour and physiology. Using the caterpillar, Manduca sexta, and its predator, Podisus maculiventris, the effects of predation risk and host plant quality on caterpill ...
DOI:
10.1111/een.12086

31. Efficient preparation of sialyloligosaccharides from bovine colostrum facilitated by an improved thin-layer chromatographic monitoring system

Author:
T. Terabayashi; S. Endo; Y. Uemura; M. Morita; K. Fukuda; T. Urashima
Source:
International dairy journal 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 240-245
ISSN:
0958-6946
Subject:
acetic acid; cow colostrum; fluorescence; high performance liquid chromatography; isomers; mass spectrometry; milk; monitoring; solvents; thin layer chromatography
Abstract:
... A new thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) system is described for the investigation of bovine milk sialyloligosaccharides (SOSs). A solvent system, acetone/2-propanol/pyridine/water/acetic acid (60:60:10:30:3, by vol), was developed for the clear separation of sialyl-lactose and sialyl-lactosamine including their isomers, 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL, Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4Glc), 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL, Neu5Ac ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.07.006

32. Egg development of Plecoptera, Ephemeroptera and Odonata along latitudinal gradients

Author:
LENNIE ROTVIT; DEAN JACOBSEN
Source:
Ecological entomology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 177-185
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
Ephemeroptera; Odonata; Plecoptera; aquatic insects; eggs; latitude; seasonal variation
Abstract:
... Interest in the effect of temperature on ecophysiological processes is growing. Using published data, a meta‐analysis was carried out on the influence of temperature on duration of egg development of the aquatic insect orders Plecoptera, Ephemeroptera and Odonata in relation to latitudinal compensation. The aim was to test the hypotheses on thermal adaptation and countergradient variation. The ord ...
DOI:
10.1111/een.12085

33. Entomofaunistic Diversity in a Transgenic Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Agroecosystem in Coahuila, Mexico

Author:
Márquez-Hernández C.; Santana S.; Ávila V.; García J.L.; Preciado P.; Moreno A.
Source:
Southwestern entomologist 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 317-326
ISSN:
0147-1724
Subject:
cotton; agroecosystems; Lepidoptera; fauna; pitfall traps; Gossypium hirsutum; transgenic plants; Sphecidae; Cicadellidae; pests; Formicidae; toxicity; insects; adults; Curculionidae; Mexico
Abstract:
... Studies are lacking of entomofaunistic diversity studies in artificial ecosystems such as agroecosystems. It is estimated that in agroecosystems only 3% of the species behave as pests and 97% are auxiliary fauna. Transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has a protein toxic against some lepidopterans; however, some studies mention that it harms other orders of insects. The purpose of this study wa ...
DOI:
10.3958/059.039.0209

34. Evaluation of Onion Germplasm for Resistance to Iris Yellow Spot (Iris yellow spot virus) and Onion Thrips, Thrips tabaci

Author:
Boateng C. O.; Schwartz H. F.; Havey M. J.; Otto K.
Source:
Southwestern entomologist 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 237-260
ISSN:
0147-1724
Subject:
germplasm; Iris yellow spot tospovirus; cultivars; insect pests; plant diseases and disorders; germplasm evaluation; Allium cepa; host plants; breeding; insect vectors; onions; disease resistance; integrated pest management; field experimentation; USDA; germplasm conservation; pest resistance; breeding lines; Thrips tabaci; Colorado
Abstract:
... Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most economically important monocot besides grasses. The crop suffers severe damage from onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, a cosmopolitan and polyphagous insect pest. In addition to causing direct feeding damage, onion thrips is the principal vector of the economically important Iris yellow spot virus (Tospovirus sp., family Bunyaviridae). Any attempt to manage th ...
Handle:
10113/58964
DOI:
10.3958/059.039.0218

35. Examining the emerging role of groundwater in water inequity in India

Author:
Veena Srinivasan; Seema Kulkarni
Source:
Water international 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 172-186
ISSN:
1941-1707
Subject:
case studies; groundwater; groundwater extraction; issues and policy; monitoring; planning; surface water; wells; India
Abstract:
... This article addresses a gap in the water equity literature arising from the simultaneous use of surface water and groundwater in India. Using two diverse case studies – one agricultural (Kukdi) and one urban (Chennai) – we demonstrate how gaps in planning, design and policy exacerbate inequity. Groundwater abstraction from user wells allows wealthier users to both free-ride and capture a greater ...
DOI:
10.1080/02508060.2014.890998

36. Fluorescence Properties of Hydroxy- and Methoxyflavones and the Effect of Shift Reagents

Author:
Otto S. Wolfbeis; Monowara Begum; Hans Geiger
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 231-237
ISSN:
0932-0776
Subject:
absorption; aluminum chloride; borax; flavonols; fluorescence; fluorescence emission spectroscopy; hydrogen; isomers; magnesium sulfate; methanol; oxygen; sodium acetate; sodium bicarbonate; sodium carbonate; sulfuric acid
Abstract:
... The fluorescence spectra of 42 hydroxy- and methoxyflavones in methanol solution have been investigated. The following findings are considered to be useful in structure elucidation and identification of flavonoids: (a) The maxima of the absorption and fluorescence bands give, in most cases, a unique combination; (b) flavones exhibit exceptionally large Stokes’ shifts (6,800 to 10,000 cm⁻¹); (c) mo ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-1984-0219

37. Growth rates of alien Oreochromis niloticus and indigenous Oreochromis mortimeri in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe

Author:
PC Chifamba; JJ Videler
Source:
African journal of aquatic science 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 167-176
ISSN:
1727-9364
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; age structure; data collection; equations; indigenous species; lakes; otoliths; Zimbabwe
Abstract:
... Growth rates of indigenous Oreochromis mortimeri and alien Oreochromis niloticus from Lake Kariba were estimated from samples collected in 1997–2000, 2003–2005 and 2010–2011. Growth zones on scales and otoliths of O. niloticus and on the otoliths and opercula of O. mortimeri were deposited annually. Age estimates obtained from otoliths, scales and opercula were similar for both species. Length at ...
DOI:
10.2989/16085914.2014.903375

38. Habitual Bark Gleaning by Cambodian Striped Squirrels Tamiops rodolphii (Rodentia: Sciuridae) in Cat Tien National Park, South Vietnam

Author:
Youlatos Dionisios; Panyutina Aleksandra A.
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 73-81
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Sciuridae; bark; claws; foraging; national parks; squirrels; tropical forests; Central Africa; South Africa; South America; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Bark gleaning, habitual foraging over the bark of very wide vertical arboreal substrates by claw clinging and climbing with extremely abducted limbs, represents one of the most interesting squirrel adaptations and is associated with the morphologically specialized pygmy squirrels. However, this behavior may be also common in other small squirrels, such as Cambodian striped squirrels (Tamiops rodol ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0202

39. Identification and characterization of a goose-type lysozyme from sewage snail Physa acuta

Author:
Yunhai Guo; Hongxuan He
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 321-325
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Micrococcus; Physa; binding sites; cDNA libraries; complementary DNA; expressed sequence tags; hepatopancreas; invasive species; lysozyme; messenger RNA; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; recombinant proteins; sewage; snails; suppression subtractive hybridization; surface water; water pollution
Abstract:
... Freshwater snail Physa acuta has been considered as an important invasive species and medical mollusc. Field investigation has shown that this snail could survive better than other snails in polluted water bodies. To understand the immune mechanisms of P. acuta, suppression subtractive hybridization hepatopancreas cDNA library has been constructed with bacterial challenge. In this study, a full-le ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.029

40. Identification of key odorants of fried cottage cheese and contribution of Galactomyces geotrichum MK017 to the formation of 2-phenylethanol and related rose-like aroma compounds

Author:
Małgorzata A. Majcher; Kamila Myszka; Justyna Kubiak; Henryk H. Jeleń
Source:
International dairy journal 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 324-329
ISSN:
0958-6946
Subject:
Galactomyces geotrichum; cheese ripening; cottage cheese; dimethyl sulfide; flavor; frying; gas chromatography; honey; octenol; odor compounds; odors; olfactometry; phenylacetaldehyde; phenylacetic acid; phenylalanine; phenylethyl alcohol; sensory evaluation; statistical analysis; taxonomic keys
Abstract:
... The identification of key odorants and production of 2-phenylethanol and related rose-like aroma compounds by a Galactomyces geotrichum MK01 species was examined in a fried cottage cheese. Odours were characterised as having cheesy, milky, buttery and rancid notes that were developed from 15 odorants: 2,3-butanedione, 3-(methylthio)-propanal, 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine, dimethylsulphide, dimethy ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.08.008

41. Impedance of an Oxygen Reducing Gas-Diffusion Electrode

Author:
Dietrich Wabner; Rudolf Holze; Peter Schmittinger
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 157-162
ISSN:
0932-0776
Subject:
polytetrafluoroethylene; activated carbon; fuel cells; electrodes; air; oxygen
Abstract:
... The impedance of teflon bonded electrodes was measured in the frequency domain. These electrodes based on activated carbon as electrocatalyst were developed for fuel cell applications. When feeding the electrode with air or oxygen the impedance spectra could be explained by two Nernst diffusion processes and a small charge transfer process.Two methods for separating the measured impedance into par ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-1984-0207

42. Influence of selected abiotic factors on aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the Olifants River catchment, Mpumalanga, South Africa

Author:
M Kemp; KN de Kock; V Wepener; W Roets; L Quinn; CT Wolmarans
Source:
African journal of aquatic science 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 141-149
ISSN:
1727-9364
Subject:
correspondence analysis; ecoregions; macroinvertebrates; pH; rivers; species diversity; surveys; temperature; vegetation; watersheds; South Africa
Abstract:
... Biodiversity is frequently seen as an indicator of ecological health. Therefore a survey of the macroinvertebrates of the Olifants River, one of the most polluted rivers in South Africa, was conducted in 2010–2011. Four surveys were conducted at a total of seven sampling sites in four ecoregions, Highveld-Upper, Highveld-Lower, Lowveld-Lower and Eastern Escarpment mountain range, using sweepnets t ...
DOI:
10.2989/16085914.2014.923371

43. Insects Associated with Soursop (Annona muricata L.) in Veracruz, Mexico

Author:
Ruiz-Montiel César; Domínguez-Espinosa Paola Ivette; Flores-Peredo Rafael; Illescas-Riquelme y Carlos Patricio
Source:
Southwestern entomologist 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 367-374
ISSN:
0147-1724
Subject:
parasitoids; Bephratelloides cubensis; Collembola; predators; Aphis gossypii; insects; Coleoptera; soursops; Coreidae; Oecophoridae; leaves; Pyralidae; Annona muricata; Neosilba; fruits; flowers; pulp; Australia; Mexico; Asia
Abstract:
... Soursop, Annona muricata L., is an economically important tropical crop in America, Asia, and Australia for its fresh pulp and processed products, and is attacked by insects from a variety of families. As many as 199 insects infest fruits of the family Annonaceae. Annona muricata fruits, leaves, and flowers were collected at 11 locations in central Veracruz, Mexico, producing new records for the r ...
DOI:
10.3958/059.039.0214

44. Insights from four decades of model development on the Waterloo Moraine: A review

Author:
Emil O. Frind; John W. Molson; Marcelo R. Sousa; Paul J. Martin
Source:
Canadian water resources journal 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 149-166
ISSN:
1918-1817
Subject:
aquifers; groundwater; land use; models; prediction; uncertainty; wellhead protection
Abstract:
... Modelling has played a key role in the evolution of insights on the Waterloo Moraine groundwater system as a water source for Waterloo Region. As models evolved over the last four decades, so did new insights. Starting from a simple layer-cake concept, models eventually became three-dimensional, while the focus changed from well interference to multi-layer analysis, capture zone delineation, wellh ...
DOI:
10.1080/07011784.2014.914799

45. Insights gained from geochemical studies in the Waterloo Moraine: Indications and implications for anthropogenic loading

Author:
Randy L. Stotler; Shaun K. Frape; Lori Labelle
Source:
Canadian water resources journal 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 136-148
ISSN:
1918-1817
Subject:
aquifers; chlorofluorocarbons; deicing agents; freshwater; geochemistry; groundwater; groundwater flow; helium; monitoring; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; planning; pollution load; public water supply; stable isotopes; stratigraphy; sulfur hexafluoride; tracer techniques; tritium; urban development; Ontario
Abstract:
... The Waterloo Moraine is a historic and continuing groundwater resource for the growing Region of Waterloo in southern Ontario, Canada, providing hundreds of thousands of litres of fresh water daily to the regional water supply. The complex stratigraphy of the Moraine is characterized by a system of multiple aquifers separated by regionally discontinuous aquitards, complicating resource assessments ...
DOI:
10.1080/07011784.2014.914796

46. Intra‐population genetic variation in diapause incidence of adult‐diapausing Tetranychus pueraricola (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Author:
KATSURA ITO
Source:
Ecological entomology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 186-194
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
Tetranychus; arthropods; correlation; diapause; environmental factors; females; genetic correlation; genetic variation; genotype; global warming; phenotype; temperate zones; temperature
Abstract:
... Diapause is an important seasonal adaptation for arthropods in temperate regions. Recent global warming has had a profound effect on the timing of diapause induction, but the potential for evolutionary changes in diapause attributes remains largely unknown because of a scarcity of information about genetic architecture in these traits. Genetic variation in diapause incidence within a population an ...
DOI:
10.1111/een.12084

47. Invasive Australian crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus in the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba: a preliminary survey

Author:
LT Marufu; C Phiri; T Nhiwatiwa
Source:
African journal of aquatic science 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 233-236
ISSN:
1727-9364
Subject:
Cherax quadricarinatus; crayfish; females; males; surveys; watersheds; Zimbabwe
Abstract:
... The invasion of Cherax quadricarinatus , the Australian redclaw crayfish, in the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe, is reported. A total of 79 crayfish were caught at 10 out of 12 sampling sites in the Sanyati Basin in November–December 2012. The average catch per unit effort (CPUE) varied from 1.1 to 4 crayfish per trap per night, carapace length ranged from 29 to 93.5 mm, and weight ranged ...
DOI:
10.2989/16085914.2014.922457

48. Investigation of the persistence of florfenicol residues in bovine milk and fate during processing

Author:
Clare Power; Ríona Sayers; Martin Danaher; Mary Moloney; Bernadette O'Brien; Ambrose Furey; Kieran Jordan
Source:
International dairy journal 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 270-275
ISSN:
0958-6946
Subject:
cheeses; dairy cows; florfenicol; lactation; manufacturing; pasteurization; skim milk
Abstract:
... The persistence of florfenicol residues in milk and their migration to dairy products was investigated following treatment of six lactating dairy cows with Selectan 300 mg mL−1 solution for injection at a dose of 1 mL 15 kg body weight−1. Florfenicol residues were measurable (LOQ 1.0 μg kg−1) in the milk of three cows for up to 27 days post-treatment but were not detectable at day 34. On day 3 pos ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.07.012

49. In vitro antibacterial analysis of phenoloxidase reaction products from the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Author:
Jingwei Jiang; Zunchun Zhou; Ying Dong; Cong Cong; Xiaoyan Guan; Bai Wang; Zhong Chen; Bei Jiang; Aifu Yang; Shan Gao; Hongjuan Sun
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 458-463
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Apostichopus japonicus; L-dopa; Micrococcus luteus; Nocardiopsis; Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens; Shewanella baltica; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus dysgalactiae; Vibrio harveyi; Vibrio splendidus; antibacterial properties; bacteria; dopamine; electrophoresis; growth retardation; monophenol monooxygenase; scanning electron microscopes; scanning electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Three phenoloxidases (POs) of Apostichopus japonicus, AjPOs (AjPO1, AjPO2 and AjPO3), were partially purified from the coelomocytes with an electrophoretic method, and then employed for the in vitro antibacterial analysis. Using L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) as a substrate, AjPO1 and AjPO2-derived compounds inhibited the growth of Vibrio splendidus and Staphylococcus aureus, while AjPO3-de ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2014.06.002

50. Kinetic parameters for high-pressure-induced denaturation of lactoferrin in human milk

Author:
C. Mayayo; M. Montserrat; S.J. Ramos; M.J. Martínez-Lorenzo; M. Calvo; L. Sánchez; M.D. Pérez
Source:
International dairy journal 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 246-252
ISSN:
0958-6946
Subject:
breast milk; denaturation; disulfide bonds; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; high pressure treatment; lactoferrin; pasteurization; protein denaturation
Abstract:
... The effect of high pressure and heat treatment of human milk on denaturation of lactoferrin was studied. The degree of protein denaturation was estimated using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Kinetic parameters for pressure-induced denaturation of lactoferrin were determined over the pressure range 300–650 MPa at 20 °C. Treatment at 300, 400, 500 and 600 MPa for 15 min denatured 9%, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.07.001