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You searched for: Publication Year 2014 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2014 Subject California Remove constraint Subject: California
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1. 20th Century Atmospheric Deposition and Acidification Trends in Lakes of the Sierra Nevada, California, USA

Author:
Heard Andrea M.; Sickman James O.; Rose Neil L.; Bennett Danuta M.; Lucero Delores M.; Melack John M.; Curtis Jason H.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.17 pp. 10054-10061
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acid deposition; acidification; carbon; climatic factors; emissions; hydrogen ions; lakes; mountains; nitrogen; nitrogen oxides; sediments; silica; sulfates; sulfur; sulfur dioxide; water pollution; California
Abstract:
... We investigated multiple lines of evidence to determine if observed and paleo-reconstructed changes in acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) in Sierra Nevada lakes were the result of changes in 20th century atmospheric deposition. Spheroidal carbonaceous particles (SCPs) (indicator of anthropogenic atmospheric deposition) and biogenic silica and δ¹³C (productivity proxies) in lake sediments, nitrogen a ...
DOI:
10.1021/es500934s
CHORUS:
10.1021/es500934s

2. 234U/238U and δ87Sr in peat as tracers of paleosalinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California, USA

Author:
J.Z. Drexler; J.B. Paces; C.N. Alpers; L. Windham-Myers; L.A. Neymark; T.D. Bullen; H.E. Taylor
Source:
Applied geochemistry 2014 v.40 pp. 164-179
ISSN:
0883-2927
Subject:
Schoenoplectus; carbon; cesium; estuaries; freshwater; geochemistry; gold; lead; macrophytes; marshes; mercury; mining; mixing; peat; radionuclides; river water; seawater; statistical models; strontium; tracer techniques; uranium; water salinity; California; Sacramento River; San Joaquin River
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to determine the history of paleosalinity over the past 6000+ years in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (the Delta), which is the innermost part of the San Francisco Estuary. We used a combination of Sr and U concentrations, δ87Sr values, and 234U/238U activity ratios (AR) in peat as proxies for tracking paleosalinity. Peat cores were collected in marshes on Browns Is ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.10.011

3. 3-PG simulations of young ponderosa pine plantations under varied management intensity: Why do they grow so differently?

Author:
Liang Wei; John D. Marshall; Jianwei Zhang; Hang Zhou; Robert F. Powers
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2014 v.313 pp. 69-82
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Pinus ponderosa; canopy; climate change; data collection; fertilizers; forest growth; forest management; forests; gas exchange; growth models; leaf area index; leaves; light intensity; managers; plant tissues; plantations; prediction; sap flow; shrubs; stable isotopes; temporal variation; transpiration; tree growth; trees; understory; vapor pressure; water vapor; California
Abstract:
... Models can be powerful tools for estimating forest productivity and guiding forest management, but their credibility and complexity are often at issue for forest managers. We parameterized a process-based forest growth model, 3-PG (Physiological Principles Predicting Growth), to simulate growth of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) plantations in Northern California. We used data collected from the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2013.10.035

4. Achieving reductions in greenhouse gases in the US road transportation sector

Author:
Andrew I. Kay; Robert B. Noland; Caroline J. Rodier
Source:
Energy Policy 2014 v.69 pp. 536-545
ISSN:
0301-4215
Subject:
carbon; fuels; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; issues and policy; land transportation; land use; models; prices; temperature; travel; California
Abstract:
... It is well established that GHG emissions must be reduced 50 to 80% by 2050 in order to limit global temperature increase to 2°C. Achieving reductions of this magnitude in the transportation sector is a challenge and requires a multitude of policies and technology options. The research presented here analyzes three scenarios: changes in the perceived price of travel, land use intensification, and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enpol.2014.02.012

5. Adjusting policy to institutional, cultural and biophysical context conditions: The case of conservation banking in California

Author:
Carsten Mann; James D. Absher
Source:
Land use policy 2014 v.36 pp. 73-82
ISSN:
0264-8377
Subject:
conservation banking; development policy; environmental governance; models; politics; stakeholders; California
Abstract:
... This paper examines the political construction of a policy instrument for matching particular institutional, biophysical and cultural context conditions in a social–ecological system, using the case of conservation banking in California as an example. The guiding research question is: How is policy design negotiated between various actors on its way from early formulation of ideas and principles t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.08.007

6. Advances in genome studies in plants and animals

Author:
R. Appels; J. Nystrom-Persson; G. Keeble-Gagnere
Source:
Functional & integrative genomics 2014 v.14 no.1 pp. 1-9
ISSN:
1438-793X
Subject:
genome; humans; leadership; researchers; translation (genetics); California
Abstract:
... The area of plant and animal genomics covers the entire suite of issues in biology because it aims to determine the structure and function of genetic material. Although specific issues define research advances at an organism level, it is evident that many of the fundamental features of genome structure and the translation of encoded information to function share common ground. The Plant and Animal ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10142-014-0364-5
PubMed:
24626952
PubMed Central:
PMC3968518

7. Aerosols–climate interactions at the Owens “Dry” Lake, California

Author:
Douglas G. Halleaux; Nilton O. Rennó
Source:
Aeolian research 2014 v.15 pp. 91-100
ISSN:
1875-9637
Subject:
dust; dust emissions; humidity; lakes; soil; California
Abstract:
... Mineral dust emissions by the various dusty phenomena that initiate saltation are investigated at the Owens “Dry” Lake, one of the largest sources of dust in North America. An unexpected result of our investigation is that within the range of humidity values observed during the measurements, dust lifting increases with soil humidity. We hypothesize that this surprising result is caused by either a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aeolia.2014.08.004

8. Age and growth characteristics of the Starry Skate, Raja stellulata, with a description of life history and habitat trends of the central California, U.S.A., skate assemblage

Author:
Kelsey C. James; David A. Ebert; Lisa J. Natanson; Gregor M. Cailliet
Source:
Environmental biology of fishes 2014 v.97 no.4 pp. 435-448
ISSN:
0378-1909
Subject:
Raja; correlation; habitats; life history; California
Abstract:
... Skates are prevalent in fisheries worldwide, but rarely are they identified to species. This is of conservation and management concern since skates exhibit a broad range of life history characteristics. The present study investigated the age and growth of the Starry Skate, Raja stellulata, and compared it to other regional skates inhabiting the U.S. West Coast. Age and growth parameters were deter ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10641-013-0164-0

9. Agreement between bovine respiratory disease scoring systems for pre-weaned dairy calves

Author:
Sharif S. Aly; William J. Love; Deniece R. Williams; Terry W. Lehenbauer; Alison Van Eenennaam; Christiana Drake; Philip H. Kass; Thomas B. Farver
Source:
Animal health research reviews 2014 v.15 no.2 pp. 148-150
ISSN:
1475-2654
Subject:
bovine respiratory disease; dairy calves; disease diagnosis; respiratory tract diseases; California; Wisconsin
Abstract:
... Clinical scoring systems have been proposed for respiratory disease diagnosis in calves, including the Wisconsin (WI) system (McGuirk in 2008) which uses five clinical signs, each partitioned into four levels of severity. Recently, we developed the California (CA) bovine respiratory disease (BRD) scoring system requiring less calf handling and consisting of six clinical signs, each classified as n ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1466252314000164
PubMed:
25424381

10. Agricultural Work Exposures and Pulmonary Function Among Hired Farm Workers in California (The MICASA Study)

Author:
Erik J. Rodriquez; Maria T. Stoecklin-Marois; Deborah H. Bennett; Daniel J. Tancredi; Marc B. Schenker
Source:
Journal of agromedicine 2014 v.19 no.4 pp. 427-436
ISSN:
1545-0813
Subject:
acculturation; agricultural health and safety; agromedicine; cohort studies; crops; farm labor; farms; immigration; linear models; lung function; risk factors; California
Abstract:
... Despite California’s dependence on hired farm labor, scarce research has been conducted on the respiratory health of hired farm workers. Agricultural exposures to inorganic and organic dusts can adversely affect an individual’s respiratory health and differ by farm type and job task. The purpose of the present analysis was to examine associations between agricultural work exposures and pulmonary f ...
DOI:
10.1080/1059924X.2014.945709

11. Agriculture’s Contribution to Nitrate Contamination of Californian Groundwater (1945–2005)

Author:
Todd S. Rosenstock; Daniel Liptzin; Kristin Dzurella; Anna Fryjoff-Hung; Allan Hollander; Vivian Jensen; Aaron King; George Kourakos; Alison McNally; G. Stuart Pettygrove; Jim Quinn; Joshua H. Viers; Thomas P. Tomich; Thomas Harter
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.3 pp. 895-907
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Medicago sativa; alfalfa; cropland; drinking water; farms; fuel production; groundwater; groundwater recharge; herds; intensive farming; leaching; livestock; milk production; nitrates; nitrogen; pollution load; source attribution; wastes; California
Abstract:
... Nitrogen (N) use in intensive agriculture can degrade groundwater resources. However, considerable time lags between groundwater recharge and extraction complicate source attribution and remedial responses. We construct a historic N mass balance of two agricultural regions of California to understand trends and drivers of past and present N loading to groundwater (1945–2005). Changes in groundwate ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2013.10.0411

12. Algal Response to Removal of the Invasive Cordgrass Spartina densiflora in a Salt Marsh at Humboldt Bay, California, USA

Author:
Augyte Simona; Pickart Andrea
Source:
Natural areas journal 2014 v.34 no.3 pp. 325-331
ISSN:
0885-8608
Subject:
Bacillariophyceae; Cyanobacteria; Spartina densiflora; biomass; food webs; macroalgae; salt marshes; vascular plants; California
Abstract:
... There are few published studies examining the effects of invasive vascular plants on cooccurring nonvascular species, despite the fact that photoautotrophic algae and cyanobacteria exist at the base of the marine food web. This study tested whether the removal of the invasive dense-flowered cordgrass (Spartina densiflora Brogn.) resulted in an increase in biomass of micro- and macroalgae in a salt ...
DOI:
10.3375/043.034.0307

13. Almond hulls as a biofuels feedstock: Variations in carbohydrates by variety and location in California

Author:
Richard D. Offeman; Kevin M. Holtman; Kelly M. Covello; William J. Orts
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2014 v.54 pp. 109-114
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
Prunus dulcis; almonds; biofuels; branches; ethanol; feedstocks; fructose; glucose; hulls; sucrose; sugar alcohols; California
Abstract:
... Hulls of the almond (Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb) have a high content of fermentable sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose), and are a potential feedstock for biofuels and other uses. The state of California in the United States produces the majority of the world's almonds. Six almond varieties across seven counties in California were studied to assess the amount and variability of sugars and su ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.01.010

14. Almond supplementation in the absence of dietary advice significantly reduces C-reactive protein in subjects with type 2 diabetes

Author:
Karen L. Sweazea; Carol S. Johnston; Kristin D. Ricklefs; Katherine N. Petersen
Source:
Journal of functional foods 2014 v.10 pp. 252-259
ISSN:
1756-4646
Subject:
C-reactive protein; almonds; biomarkers; food intake; funding; glucose; glycohemoglobin; heart diseases; inflammation; insulin; morbidity; mortality; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; oxidative stress; physical activity; risk factors; stroke; California
Abstract:
... Heart disease and stroke are primary causes of morbidity and mortality among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The objective of this 12-week randomized, parallel-arm controlled study was to determine if almond supplementation (1.5 oz/d) without further diet instruction improves diabetic and cardiovascular risk markers in individuals with T2D (hemoglobin A1c between 6.5 and 9.0%) who were not taki ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jff.2014.06.024

15. Alpha-emitting isotopes and chromium in a coastal California aquifer

Author:
Jill N. Densmore; John A. Izbicki; Joseph M. Murtaugh; Peter W. Swarzenski; Thomas D. Bullen
Source:
Applied geochemistry 2014 v.51 pp. 204-215
ISSN:
0883-2927
Subject:
actinium; alluvium; aquifers; chromium; data collection; geochemistry; isotopes; maximum contaminant level; radionuclides; radium; radon; thorium; uranium; water quality; water supply; watersheds; wells; California
Abstract:
... The unadjusted 72-h gross alpha activities in water from two wells completed in marine and alluvial deposits in a coastal southern California aquifer 40km north of San Diego were 15 and 25picoCuries per liter (pCi/L). Although activities were below the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 15pCi/L, when adjusted for uranium activity; there is concern that new wells in the area may exceed MCLs, or tha ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.016

16. Alteration of benthic communities associated with copper contamination linked to boat moorings

Author:
Carlos Neira; Lisa A. Levin; Guillermo Mendoza; Alberto Zirino
Source:
Marine ecology 2014 v.35 no.1 pp. 46-66
ISSN:
0173-9565
Subject:
Lyonsia; bioaccumulation; boats; coastal water; copper; defense mechanisms; invertebrates; leaching; marinas; mixing; pollution; sediments; species diversity; surface water; California
Abstract:
... Although copper (Cu) is an essential element for life, leaching from boat paint can cause excess environmental loading in enclosed marinas. The effects of copper contamination on benthic macrofaunal communities were examined in three San Diego Bay marinas (America's Cup, Harbor Island West and East) in Southern California, USA. The distribution of Cu concentration in sediments exhibited a clear sp ...
DOI:
10.1111/maec.12054

17. Altered nitrogen and precipitation along urban gradients affect harvester ants and seed sources

Author:
B.D. Wissinger; S.D. Eigenbrode; J.D. Marshall; J.D. Hoines; B.A. Newingham
Source:
Journal of arid environments 2014 v.104 pp. 96-105
ISSN:
0140-1963
Subject:
Messor pergandei; annuals; ant colonies; ant nests; carbon; correlation; deserts; dry environmental conditions; ecosystems; food deserts; harvester ants; leaves; nitrogen; perennials; seeds; shrubs; stable isotopes; trophic levels; California
Abstract:
... We investigated the effects of nitrogen deposition and precipitation on Messor pergandei (Mayr) harvester ants and plants to identify alterations in the desert food web in California. We measured ant colony attributes and shrub fruit densities, as well as nitrogen and carbon concentrations and stable isotopes, at 18 sites along a nitrogen deposition gradient. Ant nest density increased from low to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaridenv.2014.02.001

18. Altered water and nitrogen input shifts succession in a southern California coastal sage community

Author:
Sarah Kimball; Michael L. Goulden; Katharine N. Suding; Scot Parker
Source:
Ecological applications 2014 v.24 no.6 pp. 1390-1404
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
community structure; drought; experimental design; fire frequency; grasses; grasslands; indigenous species; introduced species; nitrogen; sage; semiarid zones; shrublands; shrubs; spring; wildfires; California
Abstract:
... Vegetation‐type conversions between grasslands and shrublands have occurred worldwide in semiarid regions over the last 150 years. Areas once covered by drought‐deciduous shrubs in Southern California (coastal sage scrub) are converting to grasslands dominated by nonnative species. Increasing fire frequency, drought, and nitrogen deposition have all been hypothesized as causes of this conversion, ...
DOI:
10.1890/13-1313.1

19. Ambient Acrolein Concentrations in Coastal, Remote, and Urban Regions in California

Author:
Cahill Thomas M.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8507-8513
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acrolein; analytical methods; environmental protection; summer; toxicity; urban areas; California
Abstract:
... Acrolein (2-propenal) is a reactive chemical that is very toxic and has many sources. Acrolein is commonly detected in the atmosphere, but understanding the ambient concentrations of this compound has been hampered by analytical difficulties. The objective of this research was to utilize an analytical method specifically designed for acrolein to determine acrolein concentrations in remote regions. ...
DOI:
10.1021/es5014533

20. Amino Acid Composition of an Organic Brown Rice Protein Concentrate and Isolate Compared to Soy and Whey Concentrates and Isolates

Author:
Douglas S. Kalman
Source:
Foods 2014 v.3 no.3 pp. 394-402
ISSN:
2304-8158
Subject:
amino acid composition; branched chain amino acids; brown rice; derivatization; essential amino acids; glutamic acid; high performance liquid chromatography; hydrochloric acid; hydrolysis; nutrient databanks; organic foods; protein concentrates; rice protein; soy protein isolate; whey; whey protein isolate; whole grain foods; California
Abstract:
... A protein concentrate (Oryzatein-80™) and a protein isolate (Oryzatein-90™) from organic whole-grain brown rice were analyzed for their amino acid composition. Two samples from different batches of Oryzatein-90™ and one sample of Oryzatein-80™ were provided by Axiom Foods (Los Angeles, CA, USA). Preparation and analysis was carried out by Covance Laboratories (Madison, WI, USA). After hydrolysis i ...
DOI:
10.3390/foods3030394
PubMed:
28234326
PubMed Central:
PMC5302255

21. Analysis of diversity of chromophytic phytoplankton in a mangrove ecosystem using rbcL gene sequencing

Author:
Brajogopal Samanta; Punyasloke Bhadury; T. Mock
Source:
Journal of phycology 2014 v.50 no.2 pp. 328-340
ISSN:
0022-3646
Subject:
Cryptophyceae; Eustigmatophyceae; Haptophyta; Nitzschia; Skeletonema; Thalassiosira; clones; community structure; ecosystems; genes; phytoplankton; primary productivity; principal component analysis; California; Gulf of Mexico
Abstract:
... Phytoplankton forms the basis of primary production in mangrove environments. The phylogeny and diversity based on the amplification and sequencing of rbcL, the large subunit encoding the key enzyme ribulose‐1, 5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase was investigated for improved understanding of the community structure and temporal trends of chromophytic eukaryotic phytoplankton assemblages in Sunda ...
DOI:
10.1111/jpy.12163

22. Analysis of projected water availability with current basin management plan, Pajaro Valley, California

Author:
R.T. Hanson; B. Lockwood; Wolfgang Schmid
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2014 v.519 pp. 131-147
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
water supply; funding; supply balance; watersheds; summer; land use; groundwater; sea level; farms; coasts; economic feasibility; surface water; hydrologic models; climate; basins; stream flow; agricultural runoff; aquifers; saltwater intrusion; landscapes; groundwater flow; wastewater; vegetation; conservation areas; water table; California
Abstract:
... The projection and analysis of the Pajaro Valley Hydrologic Model (PVHM) 34years into the future using MODFLOW with the Farm Process (MF-FMP) facilitates assessment of potential future water availability. The projection is facilitated by the integrated hydrologic model, MF-FMP that fully couples the simulation of the use and movement of water from precipitation, streamflow, runoff, groundwater flo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.005

23. Analyzing source apportioned methane in northern California during Discover-AQ-CA using airborne measurements and model simulations

Author:
Matthew S. Johnson; Emma L. Yates; Laura T. Iraci; Max Loewenstein; Jovan M. Tadić; Kevin J. Wecht; Seongeun Jeong; Marc L. Fischer
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2014 v.99 pp. 248-256
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
atmospheric chemistry; databases; greenhouse gas emissions; inventories; livestock; methane; mixing; oils; regression analysis; simulation models; waste treatment; wetlands; California
Abstract:
... This study analyzes source apportioned methane (CH4) emissions and atmospheric mixing ratios in northern California during the Discover-AQ-CA field campaign using airborne measurement data and model simulations. Source apportioned CH4 emissions from the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) version 4.2 were applied in the 3-D chemical transport model GEOS-Chem and analyzed usi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.068

24. Annotated Catalogue with Illustrations of Ménétriés' Types of Ctenuchina and Euchromiina (Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini) Deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia

Author:
Pinheiro Lívia R.; Duarte Marcelo
Source:
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 2014 v.68 no.1 pp. 37-44
ISSN:
0024-0966
Subject:
Arctiinae; conservation status; lectotypes; new combination; Brazil; California; Russia
Abstract:
... The types of Ctenuchina and Euchromiina that were described by E. Ménétriés, deposited at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg, are catalogued. All but one of the types are of names described from Brazil and collected during the Langsdorff expedition; the only non-Brazilian type was collected in California, USA. Lectotypes are designated for the following n ...
DOI:
10.18473/lepi.v68i1.a6

25. An Annotated List of Caddisflies (Trichoptera) Collected in Lassen Volcanic National Park, California, U.S.A. during 2011 – 2013

Author:
Donald R. Givens
Source:
Entomological news 2014 v.124 no.3 pp. 153-175
ISSN:
0013-872X
Subject:
Trichoptera; adults; larvae; national parks; summer; California
Abstract:
... Distribution records for caddisflies (Trichoptera) collected during the summers of 2011–2013 in Lassen Volcanic National Park, California, U.S.A. are presented. Fourteen families, 34 genera, and 59 species are listed, based on adult, pupal and larval records. Exceptional species records are noted and brief comments are given. ...
DOI:
10.3157/021.124.0301

26. Annual migratory patterns of Long-billed Curlews in the American West

Author:
Page Gary W.; Warnock Nils; Tibbitts T. Lee; Jorgensen Dennis; Hartman C. Alex; Stenzel Lynne E.
Source:
Condor 2014 v.116 no.1 pp. 50-61
ISSN:
1938-5422
Subject:
Numenius; agricultural land; birds; breeding; breeding sites; coasts; females; males; migratory behavior; migratory species; plateaus; satellites; winter; wintering grounds; California; Gulf of California; Gulf of Mexico; Mexico; Montana; Nevada; Oregon; Rocky Mountain region; Texas
Abstract:
... Effective conservation of migratory species requires comprehensive knowledge of annual movement patterns. Such information is sparse for the Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus), a North American endemic shorebird of conservation concern. To test hypotheses about individual and area differences in migratory patterns across western North America, we tagged 29 curlews with satellite transmitters ...
DOI:
10.1650/CONDOR-12-185-R2.1

27. AnthWest, occurrence records for wool carder bees of the genus Anthidium (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Anthidiini) in the Western Hemisphere

Author:
Terry Griswold; Victor H. Gonzalez; Harold Ikerd
Source:
ZooKeys 2014 v.408 pp. 31-49
ISSN:
1313-2970
Subject:
Anthidium; adults; altitude; biodiversity; biogeography; data collection; databases; evolution; georeferencing; host plants; insect ecology; insect taxonomy; introduced species; models; pollination; pollinators; sea level; Africa; Alaska; Argentina; California; Canada; Death Valley; Eurasia; Europe
Abstract:
... This paper describes AnthWest, a large dataset that represents one of the outcomes of a comprehensive, broadly comparative study on the diversity, biology, biogeography, and evolution of Anthidium Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere. In this dataset a total of 22,648 adult occurrence records comprising 9657 unique events are documented for 92 species of Anthidium, including the invasive range of t ...
Datasets:
AnthWest, occurrence records for wool carder bees of the genus Anthidium (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae, Anthidiini) in the Western Hemisphere
Handle:
10113/60467
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.408.5633
PubMed:
24899835
PubMed Central:
PMC4042824

28. Anthracnose on almond in Australia:disease progress and inoculum sources of Colletotrichum acutatum

Author:
S. F. McKay; D. Shtienberg; M. Sedgley; E. S. Scott
Source:
European journal of plant pathology 2014 v.139 no.4 pp. 773-783
ISSN:
0929-1873
Subject:
Colletotrichum acutatum; almonds; anthracnose; bark; blight; buds; cultivars; dieback; disease incidence; economics; growing season; inoculum; leaves; rain; temperature; trees; California; Israel; South Australia
Abstract:
... Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum acutatum, is an important disease of almond and has caused significant economic losses in California, Israel and Australia. Anthracnose development was monitored for three growing seasons in an almond orchard in South Australia on two almond cultivars, Price and Nonpareil, with up to 80 % of fruit affected in 2004. Lesions, typical of anthracnose, formed on yo ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10658-014-0431-8

29. Anthropogenic land-use signals propagate through stream food webs in a California, USA, watershed

Author:
Jonathan W. Moore; Timothy D. Lambert; Walter N. Heady; Susanna E. Honig; Ann-Marie K. Osterback; Corey C. Phillis; Angela L. Quiros; Nicolas A. Retford; David B. Herbst
Source:
Limnologica 2014 v.46 pp. 124-130
ISSN:
0075-9511
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Pacifastacus leniusculus; algae; anthropogenic activities; aquatic ecosystems; aquatic food webs; biogeochemical cycles; correlation; human development; humans; invertebrates; land use; nitrates; nitrogen; nutrients; phosphates; roads; rural development; stable isotopes; statistical models; streams; watersheds; California
Abstract:
... Human development of watersheds can change aquatic ecosystems via multiple pathways. For instance, human rural development may add nutrients to ecosystems. We used naturally occurring stable isotopes in stream food webs to investigate how land use affects stream ecosystems across a gradient of land development in the San Lorenzo watershed, California. Road density was used as a proxy for land deve ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.limno.2014.01.005

30. Antibiotic-resistant E. coli in surface water and groundwater in dairy operations in Northern California

Author:
Xunde Li; Naoko Watanabe; Chengling Xiao; Thomas Harter; Brenda McCowan; Yingjia Liu; Edward R. Atwill
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2014 v.186 no.2 pp. 1253-1260
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
Escherichia coli; amoxicillin; antibiotic resistance; bacteria; calves; ceftriaxone; chloramphenicol; clavulanic acid; cows; dairies; groundwater; groundwater contamination; heifers; irrigation; manure storage; monitoring; multiple drug resistance; soil; surface water; tetracycline; wells; California
Abstract:
... Generic Escherichia coli was isolated from surface water and groundwater samples from two dairies in Northern California and tested for susceptibility to antibiotics. Surface samples were collected from flush water, lagoon water, and manure solids, and groundwater samples were collected from monitoring wells. Although E. coli was ubiquitous in surface samples with concentrations ranging from sever ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-013-3454-2
PubMed:
24097011

31. Applying competition theory to invasion: resource impacts indicate invasion mechanisms in California shrublands

Author:
Leah J. Goldstein; Katharine N. Suding
Source:
Biological invasions 2014 v.16 no.1 pp. 191-203
ISSN:
1387-3547
Subject:
colonizing ability; indigenous species; introduced species; invasive species; shrublands; soil water; California
Abstract:
... Despite widespread work documenting invasion, it remains a challenge to determine invasion mechanisms and incorporate them into invasive species management. Competition theory presents a strong model for evaluating the role of resource reduction and requirements in invasion. Additionally, alternative models suggest fluctuations in resources, niche differences, or non-resource priority effects are ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10530-013-0513-0

32. Arid to humid serpentine soils, mineralogy, and vegetation across the Klamath Mountains, USA

Author:
Earl B. Alexander
Source:
Catena 2014 v.116 pp. 114-122
ISSN:
0341-8162
Subject:
Alfisols; Artemisia; Mollisols; Pinus; Ultisols; altitude; chaparral; climate; coasts; coniferous forests; goethite; grasses; iron; latitude; mountains; plant communities; potassium chloride; serpentine; serpentine soils; shrubs; smectite; soil pH; soil parent materials; steppes; tephra; ultramafic rocks; California; Oregon; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... Ultramafic rocks are extensive in the Klamath Mountains of California and Oregon and there is a great diversity of climate, soils, and vegetation. Soils were sampled and vegetation described over serpentinized peridotite at sixteen low altitude, well drained sites from arid to humid parts of the Mountains receiving from 400 to 3200mm/year of precipitation. The soils are dry Mollisols and Alfisols, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2013.12.003

33. Aromatic organosulfates in atmospheric aerosols: Synthesis, characterization, and abundance

Author:
Sean Staudt; Shuvashish Kundu; Hans-Joachim Lehmler; Xianran He; Tianqu Cui; Ying-Hsuan Lin; Kasper Kristensen; Marianne Glasius; Xiaolu Zhang; Rodney J. Weber; Jason D. Surratt; Elizabeth A. Stone
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2014 v.94 pp. 366-373
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
aerosols; atmospheric chemistry; ionization; ions; mass spectrometry; naphthalene; particulates; sulfates; toluene; ultra-performance liquid chromatography; California; Nepal; Pakistan
Abstract:
... Aromatic organosulfates are identified and quantified in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from Lahore, Pakistan, Godavari, Nepal, and Pasadena, California. To support detection and quantification, authentic standards of phenyl sulfate, benzyl sulfate, 3- and 4-methylphenyl sulfate and 2-, 3-, and 4-methylbenzyl sulfate were synthesized. Authentic standards and aerosol samples were analyzed by ultra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.05.049
PubMed:
24976783
PubMed Central:
PMC4071301

34. Aspects of the Winter Ecology of Bats on Haida Gwaii, British Columbia

Author:
Douglas W Burles; M Brock Fenton; Robert MR Barclay; R Mark Brigham; Diane Volkers
Source:
Northwestern naturalist 2014 v.95 no.3 pp. 289-299
ISSN:
1051-1733
Subject:
freezing; hibernation; islands; autumn; maritime climate; caves; winter; ecology; energy expenditure; microprocessors; trees; acoustics; buildings; temperature; Myotis lucifugus; British Columbia; California
Abstract:
... Bats of the temperate region of North America avoid winter by some combination of migration and hibernation at a location that provides the right conditions for minimizing energy expenditure over winter. Such optimal conditions are commonly found underground, and most of the best known hibernacula occur in caves or mines. Where winters are milder, some bat species hibernate in hollows in trees. Ha ...
DOI:
10.1898/12-32.1

35. Assessing Nitrogen-Saturation in a Seasonally Dry Chaparral Watershed: Limitations of Traditional Indicators of N-Saturation

Author:
Peter M. Homyak; James O. Sickman; Amy E. Miller; John M. Melack; Thomas Meixner; Joshua P. Schimel
Source:
Ecosystems 2014 v.17 no.7 pp. 1286-1305
ISSN:
1432-9840
Subject:
chaparral; dry environmental conditions; ecosystems; emissions; growing season; hydrology; nitrates; nitrification; nitrogen; soil; streams; watersheds; wet season; California; Sierra Nevada (California)
Abstract:
... To evaluate nitrogen (N) saturation in xeric environments, we measured hydrologic N losses, soil N pools, and microbial processes, and developed an N-budget for a chaparral catchment (Sierra Nevada, California) exposed to atmospheric N inputs of approximately 8.5 kg N ha⁻¹ y⁻¹. Dual-isotopic techniques were used to trace the sources and processes controlling nitrate (NO₃ ⁻) losses. The majority of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10021-014-9792-2

36. Assessing fire severity using imaging spectroscopy data from the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) and comparison with multispectral capabilities

Author:
Sander Veraverbeke; E. Natasha Stavros; Simon J. Hook
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2014 v.154 pp. 153-163
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
Landsat; fire severity; image analysis; models; remote sensing; shrubs; spectrometers; spectroscopy; trees; vegetation; California
Abstract:
... Fire severity, the degree of environmental change caused by a fire, is traditionally assessed by broadband spectral indices, such as the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) from Landsat imagery. Here, we used an alternative indicator, the burned fraction derived from spectral mixture analysis (SMA), to evaluate and compare the performance for assessing fire severity of broadband and narrowban ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2014.08.019

37. Assessing predictions of population viability analysis: Peregrine Falcon populations in California

Author:
J. Timothy Wootton; Douglas A. Bell
Source:
Ecological applications 2014 v.24 no.6 pp. 1251-1257
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
Falco peregrinus; breeding; data collection; extinction; models; monitoring; population growth; population size; population viability analysis; prediction; risk; surveys; California
Abstract:
... Population viability analysis (PVA) has been an important tool for evaluating species extinction risk and alternative management strategies, but there is little information on how well PVA predicts population trajectories following changes in management actions. We tested previously published predictions from a stage‐structured PVA of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) in California, USA (Wootto ...
DOI:
10.1890/13-1323.1

38. Assessing the Flight Capabilities of the Goldspotted Oak Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) With Computerized Flight Mills

Author:
Lopez Vanessa M.; McClanahan Michael N.; Graham Laurie; Hoddle Mark S.
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 2014 v.107 no.3 pp. 1127-1135
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
Agrilus auroguttatus; adults; body size; elytra; flight; fuelwood; gender; habitats; hosts; mortality; nutritional status; risk; transportation; woodlands; Arizona; California; Sonoran Desert
Abstract:
... The goldspotted oak borer, Agrilus auroguttatus Schaeffer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is native to southern Arizona and is an invasive wood-boring beetle that has caused considerable mortality to native oak species in southern California. Assessing the dispersal capabilities of this woodborer may help to determine its potential environmental and economic risk within the invaded region, and possibly ...

39. Assessment of SWE data assimilation for ensemble streamflow predictions

Author:
Kristie J. Franz; Terri S. Hogue; Muhammad Barik; Minxue He
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2014 v.519 pp. 2737-2746
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
algorithms; model validation; models; parameter uncertainty; prediction; reliability; rivers; snow; stream flow; water supply; watersheds; California; Nevada
Abstract:
... An assessment of data assimilation (DA) for Ensemble Streamflow Prediction (ESP) using seasonal water supply hindcasting in the North Fork of the American River Basin (NFARB) and the National Weather Service (NWS) hydrologic forecast models is undertaken. Two parameter sets, one from the California Nevada River Forecast Center (RFC) and one from the Differential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis (DREA ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.008

40. Assessment of accuracy of genomic prediction for French Lacaune dairy sheep

Author:
G. Baloche; A. Legarra; G. Sallé; H. Larroque; J.-M. Astruc; C. Robert-Granié; F. Barillet
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2014 v.97 no.2 pp. 1107-1116
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
animal models; artificial insemination; correlation; dairy cattle; dairy sheep; females; genotype; genotyping; linkage disequilibrium; marker-assisted selection; pedigree; phenotype; prediction; rams; California
Abstract:
... Genomic selection in Lacaune dairy sheep was investigated based on genotypes from the OvineSNP50 BeadChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). Historical artificial insemination progeny-tested rams formed a population of 2,892 genotyped rams. Additional ungenotyped rams and females were included by single-step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP). Three prediction strategies were tried: pseudo-BLUP (using all rams a ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2013-7135

41. Assessment of trace elements and legacy contaminant concentrations in California Mussels (Mytilus spp.): Relationship to land use and outfalls

Author:
M. Edwards; A.P. Jacob; K.L. Kimbrough; E. Davenport; W.E. Johnson
Source:
Marine pollution bulletin 2014 v.81 no.2 pp. 325-333
ISSN:
0025-326X
Subject:
Mytilus californianus; land use; mussels; polychlorinated biphenyls; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; resource management; trace elements; water pollution; California
Abstract:
... NOAA’s Mussel Watch Program funded a regional pilot project in California that characterized contaminants associated with various land uses in conjunction with state, federal and private partners. Herein we assess the magnitude and distribution of trace elements and persistent organic contaminants in indigenous mussels with respect to land use, presence of outfalls and a subset of California Areas ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.02.030

42. Assessment of virus removal by managed aquifer recharge at three full-scale operations

Author:
Walter Q. Betancourt; Masaaki Kitajima; Alexandre D. Wing; Julia Regnery; Jörg E. Drewes; Ian L. Pepper; Charles P. Gerba
Source:
Journal of environmental science and health 2014 v.49 no.14 pp. 1685-1692
ISSN:
1532-4117
Subject:
Adenoviridae; Pepper mild mottle virus; Reoviridae; aquifers; basins; cell culture; environmental health; filtration; groundwater; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; river water; rivers; stormwater; surface water; viruses; wastewater; wells; Arizona; California; Colorado
Abstract:
... Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) systems such as riverbank filtration and soil-aquifer treatment all involve the use of natural subsurface systems to improve the quality of recharged water (i.e. surface water, stormwater, reclaimed water) before reuse. During MAR, water is either infiltrated via basins, subsurface injected or abstracted from wells adjacent to rivers. The goal of this study was to as ...
DOI:
10.1080/10934529.2014.951233

43. Association between caudal fold tuberculin test responses and results of an ELISA for subsp and mycobacterial culture of feces in tuberculosis-free dairy herds

Author:
Barbara P. Brito; Sharif S. Aly; Randall J. Anderson; Charles P. Fossler; Franklyn B. Garry; Ian A. Gardner
Source:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2014 v.244 no.5 pp. 582-587
ISSN:
0003-1488
Subject:
dairy cows; dairy herds; tuberculin; regression analysis; feces; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; tuberculosis; Mycobacterium bovis; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis; California; Colorado
Abstract:
... Objective-To evaluate associations between Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculo-sis (MAP) and caudal fold tuberculin (CFT) test results in cattle. Design-Longitudinal and cross-sectional evaluations. Animals-1 California (approx 3,600 cows) and 3 Colorado (approx 640, 1,190, and 1,480 cows) dairy herds considered free of Mycobacterium bovis infection. Procedures-In the California herd, the asso ...
Handle:
10113/60151
DOI:
10.2460/javma.244.5.582

44. Association between resistance to an introduced invasive pathogen and phenolic compounds that may serve as biomarkers in native oaks

Author:
Brice A. McPherson; Sylvia R. Mori; Stephen O. Opiyo; Anna O. Conrad; David L. Wood; Pierluigi Bonello
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2014 v.312 pp. 154-160
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Ambrosia; Coleoptera; Phytophthora ramorum; Quercus agrifolia; bark beetles; biomarkers; early development; ellagic acid; forests; fungi; hemorrhage; invasive species; methanol; models; mortality; pathogens; phenolic compounds; phloem; plant biochemistry; probability; regression analysis; trees; California
Abstract:
... California coast live oaks (Quercus agrifolia Nee) have suffered large losses from sudden oak death, caused by the introduced oomycete Phytophthora ramorum. Infected mature coast live oaks exhibit cankers on the main stem that produce a viscous sap-derived exudate, referred to as bleeding. Subsequent attacks by ambrosia and bark beetles, followed by the activity of fungi introduced by these insect ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2013.10.009

45. Association of Sex, Fledging Date, and Sibling Relationships with Post-Fledging Movements of Burrowing Owls in a Nonmigratory Population in the Imperial Valley, California

Author:
Catlin Daniel H.; Rosenberg Daniel K.
Source:
Journal of raptor research 2014 v.48 no.2 pp. 106-117
ISSN:
0892-1016
Subject:
Athene cunicularia; breeding season; burrows; environmental factors; females; fledglings; juveniles; males; nests; California
Abstract:
... Natal dispersal is an important driver of population and colonization dynamics, yet factors that affect timing and distance of post-fledging movements are poorly understood. We studied post-fledging movements of 34 (12 male and 22 female) juvenile Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia) between June 2002 and April 2003, in a nonmigratory population in the Imperial Valley, California. We found high var ...
DOI:
10.3356/JRR-12-24.1

46. Association of beverage consumption with obesity in Mexican American children

Author:
Amy L Beck; Jeanne Tschann; Nancy F Butte; Carlos Penilla; Louise C Greenspan
Source:
Public health nutrition 2014 v.17 no.2 pp. 338-344
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
Mexican Americans; acculturation; adolescents; beverages; body mass index; children; cohort studies; data collection; diet; education; employment; flavored milk; fruit juices; household income; milk; mothers; obesity; physical activity; regression analysis; youth; California
Abstract:
... To determine the association of beverage consumption with obesity in Mexican American school-aged children. Cross-sectional study using the baseline data from a cohort study. Mothers and children answered questions about the frequency and quantity of the child's consumption of soda, diet soda, other sugar-sweetened beverages, 100 % fruit juice, milk and water. The questions were adapted from the Y ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980012005514
PubMed:
23308395
PubMed Central:
PMC4430195

47. Association of the pitch canker pathogen Fusarium circinatum with grass hosts in commercial pine production areas of South Africa

Author:
Cassandra L Swett; Bernice Porter; Gerda Fourie; Emma T Steenkamp; Thomas R Gordon; Michael J Wingfield
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 161-166
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Briza maxima; DNA; Ehrharta; Fusarium circinatum; Pinus; Pseudotsuga menziesii; disease occurrence; endophytes; forests; fungi; grasses; host range; hosts; inoculum; nucleotide sequences; pathogens; plantations; sanitation; virulence; California; South Africa
Abstract:
... The pitch canker pathogen, Fusarium circinatum , has major impacts on production in pine nurseries and plantations in South Africa. Thus far, efforts to reduce local spread have focused on rouging of infected pines and sanitation to eliminate local sources of inoculum. Although the host range of F. circinatum was thought to be limited to pines and Douglas-fir, recent studies in California indicate ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.916087

48. Associations between herd-level factors and lying behavior of freestall-housed dairy cows

Author:
K. Ito; N. Chapinal; D.M. Weary; M.A.G. von Keyserlingk
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2014 v.97 no.4 pp. 2081-2089
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
barns; dairy cows; farms; floors; free stalls; gait; lactation; lameness; linear models; rubber; statistical analysis; stocking rate; California; Northeastern United States
Abstract:
... Our objective was to investigate the associations between herd-level factors and lying behavior of high-producing dairy cows housed in freestall barns. Lying behavior of approximately 40 focal cows in one high-producing pen was monitored on each of 40 farms in the northeastern United States (NE) and 39 farms in California (CA). All cows within the pen were gait scored using a 1-to-5 scale to calcu ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2013-6861

49. Atmospheric Peroxy Radical Measurements Using Dual-Channel Chemical Amplification Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy

Author:
Liu Yingdi; Zhang Jingsong
Source:
Analytical chemistry 2014 v.86 no.11 pp. 5391-5398
ISSN:
1520-6882
Subject:
carbon monoxide; detection limit; free radicals; hydrocarbons; nitric oxide; nitrogen dioxide; oxidation; ozone; spectroscopy; troposphere; California
Abstract:
... Peroxy (HO₂ and RO₂) radicals are important intermediates in tropospheric oxidation of hydrocarbons, and their accurate atmospheric measurements remain challenging. In this work, the peroxy radical chemical amplification (PERCA) method was combined with cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) to develop a dual-channel instrument for measurements of atmospheric peroxy radicals. In the amplification cha ...
DOI:
10.1021/ac5004689

50. Attraction and Mortality of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) to STATIC Spinosad ME Weathered under Operational Conditions in California and Florida: A Reduced-Risk Male Annihilation Treatment

Author:
Vargas Roger I.; Souder Steven K.; Hoffman Kevin; Mercogliano Juan; Smith Trevor R.; Hammond Jack; Davis Bobbie J.; Brodie Matt; Dripps James E.
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 2014 v.107 no.4 pp. 1362-1369
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
Bactrocera dorsalis; bioassays; cages; humans; males; methyl eugenol; mortality; naled; polymers; spinosad; toxicity; toxicity testing; traps; California; Florida; Hawaii
Abstract:
... Studies were conducted in 2013–2014 to quantify attraction, feeding, and mortality of male oriental fruit flies, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), to STATIC SpinosadME a reduced-risk male annihilation treatment (MAT) formulation consisting of an amorphous polymer matrix in combination with methyl eugenol (ME) and spinosad compared with the standard treatment of Min-U-Gel mixed w ...

51. Attraction of the egg parasitoid, Gonatocerus ashmeadi Girault (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) to synthetic formulation of a (E)-β-ocimene and (E,E)-α-farnesene mixture

Author:
Rodrigo Krugner; Christopher M. Wallis; Spencer S. Walse
Source:
Biological control 2014 v.77 pp. 23-28
ISSN:
1049-9644
Subject:
Gonatocerus ashmeadi; Homalodisca vitripennis; Vitis; Xylella fastidiosa; bacteria; biological control; eggs; females; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; insecticides; olfactometry; parasitoids; pesticide application; vineyards; California
Abstract:
... Glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar), is a vector of the xylem-inhabitant bacterium Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al., which causes Pierce’s disease of grapevines. Current GWSS control strategies in California, USA include area-wide insecticide applications and mass release of mymarid egg parasitoids, including Gonatocerus ashmeadi Girault. Gas chromatography–mass spec ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.06.005

52. Automated Cropland Classification Algorithm (ACCA) for California Using Multi-sensor Remote Sensing

Author:
Zhuoting Wu; Prasad S. Thenkabail; James P. Verdin
Source:
Photogrammetric engineering and remote sensing 2014 v.80 no.1 pp. 81-90
ISSN:
0099-1112
Subject:
Census of Agriculture; Farm Service Agency; algorithms; crop acreage; cropland; decision making; remote sensing; space and time; spatial data; water resources; California
Abstract:
...

Increasing pressure to feed the growing population with scarce water resources requires accurate and routine cropland mapping. This paper develops and implements a rule-based automated cropland classification algorithm (ACCA) using multi-sensor remote sensing data. Pixel-by-pixel accuracy assessments showed that ACCA produced an overall accuracy of ⩾96 percent (Khat = 0.8) when te ...

DOI:
10.14358/PERS.80.1.81

53. Automated crop field extraction from multi-temporal Web Enabled Landsat Data

Author:
L. Yan; D.P. Roy
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2014 v.144 pp. 42-64
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
Landsat; National Agricultural Statistics Service; algorithms; center pivot irrigation; crop rotation; cropland; geometry; remote sensing; tiles; time series analysis; vegetation; California; South Dakota; Texas
Abstract:
... An automated computational methodology to extract agricultural crop fields from 30m Web Enabled Landsat data (WELD) time series is presented. The results for three 150×150km WELD tiles encompassing rectangular, circular (center-pivot irrigation) and irregularly shaped fields in Texas, California and South Dakota are presented and compared to independent United States Department of Agriculture (USD ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2014.01.006

54. Bark Beetle Demography in a Jeffrey Pine Stand as Influenced by Mechanized Thinning and Prescribed Fire

Author:
Roger F. Walker; Shannon L. Swim; Dale W. Johnson; Watkins W. Miller; Robert M. Fecko
Source:
Journal of sustainable forestry 2014 v.33 no.7 pp. 627-676
ISSN:
1540-756X
Subject:
Abies concolor; Dendroctonus jeffreyi; Pinus jeffreyi; Scolytus ventralis; bark beetles; demography; forest health; forest restoration; forest types; managers; mechanization; prescribed burning; stand density; sustainable forestry; tree mortality; trees; whole tree harvesting; California
Abstract:
... Forest thinnings implemented with cut-to-length and whole-tree harvesting systems followed by underburning were evaluated for their effects on bark beetle prevalence in pure, uneven-aged Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf.) interspersed with isolated California white fir (Abies concolor var. lowiana [Gord.] Lemm.). Based on pitch tube counts in a stand with a moderate bark beetle population ...
DOI:
10.1080/10549811.2014.925401

55. Bartonella spp. Exposure in Northern and Southern Sea Otters in Alaska and California

Author:
Carrasco Sebastian E.; Chomel Bruno B.; Gill Verena A.; Doroff Angela M.; Miller Melissa A.; Burek-Huntington Kathleen A.; Kasten Rickie W.; Byrne Barbara A.; Goldstein Tracey; Mazet Jonna A.K.
Source:
Vector borne and zoonotic diseases 2014 v.14 no.12 pp. 831-837
ISSN:
1557-7759
Subject:
Bartonella; DNA; Enhydra lutris nereis; Streptococcus lutetiensis; adults; antibodies; bacterial infections; confidence interval; disease outbreaks; endocarditis; monitoring; mortality; necropsy; septicemia; seroprevalence; Alaska; California
Abstract:
... Since 2002, an increased number of northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) from southcentral Alaska have been reported to be dying due to endocarditis and/or septicemia with infection by Streptococcus infantarius subsp. coli. Bartonella spp. DNA was also detected in northern sea otters as part of mortality investigations during this unusual mortality event (UME) in Kachemak Bay, Alaska. To ev ...
DOI:
10.1089/vbz.2014.1612
PubMed:
25514118
PubMed Central:
PMC4270147

56. Baseline Susceptibility of Bemisia tabaci B Biotype (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Populations From California and Arizona to Spirotetramat

Author:
Prabhaker Nilima; Castle Steven; Perring Thomas M.
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 2014 v.107 no.2 pp. 773-780
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
Bemisia argentifolii; Bemisia tabaci; bifenthrin; biotypes; cross resistance; geographical variation; imidacloprid; instars; lethal concentration 50; monitoring; pyriproxyfen; toxicity; Arizona; California
Abstract:
... Baseline toxicity levels to foliarly applied spirotetramat were established for 19 field populations of whiteflies, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) B biotype (= Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from Arizona and California in 2008 and 2009. The susceptibility data were determined against the second instar of B. tabaci field collections before the registration and widespre ...

57. Baseline susceptibility of codling moth to two reduced-risk insecticides in walnuts

Author:
R. A. Van Steenwyk; F. Cave; L. M. Novotny; S. C. Welter; W. W. Coates
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.1050 pp. 259-262
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Cydia pomonella; adults; agrochemicals; eggs; industry; insecticides; larvae; lethal concentration 50; lethal dose 50; mortality; neonates; orchards; pests; walnuts; California
Abstract:
... Codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella (L), is the key pest of walnuts in California. Control of CM has relied on repeated applications of broad-spectrum insecticides. However, because of secondary pest outbreaks and environmental concerns, the agricultural chemical industries have recently developed a number of reduced-risk insecticides, e.g., spinetoram and chlorantraniliprole. Spinetoram is an exce ...

58. Bat survey of Griffith Park, Los Angeles, California

Author:
Remington Stephanie; Cooper Daniel S.
Source:
Southwestern naturalist 2014 v.59 no.4 pp. 473-479
ISSN:
1943-6262
Subject:
Lasiurus cinereus; surveys; urbanization; California
Abstract:
... Griffith Park in Los Angeles is notable for its high ecological integrity within a highly urbanized region. We present results of a 2008 bat survey conducted in the park that confirmed seven bat species, and discuss an additional three species that have been recorded incidentally nearby. On the basis of our research, the Griffith Park bat community is notable for the abundance of the canyon bat (P ...
DOI:
10.1894/SGM-32.1

59. Bedrock composition regulates mountain ecosystems and landscape evolution

Author:
W. Jesse Hahm; Clifford S. Riebe; Claire E. Lukens; Sayaka Araki
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014 v.111 no.9 pp. 3338-3343
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Sequoiadendron giganteum; bedrock; climate; ecosystems; forests; geochemistry; land cover; landscapes; mountains; phosphorus; primary productivity; soil; temperature; trees; California
Abstract:
... Earth’s land surface teems with life. Although the distribution of ecosystems is largely explained by temperature and precipitation, vegetation can vary markedly with little variation in climate. Here we explore the role of bedrock in governing the distribution of forest cover across the Sierra Nevada Batholith, California. Our sites span a narrow range of elevations and thus a narrow range in cli ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1315667111
PubMed:
24516144
PubMed Central:
PMC3948264

60. Behavior, movements, and habitat use of adult green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris, in the upper Sacramento River

Author:
Michael J. Thomas; Matthew L. Peterson; Eric D. Chapman; Alex R. Hearn; Gabriel P. Singer; Ryan D. Battleson; A. Peter Klimley
Source:
Environmental biology of fishes 2014 v.97 no.2 pp. 133-146
ISSN:
0378-1909
Subject:
Acipenser medirostris; acoustics; adults; habitats; models; regression analysis; rivers; spawning; California; Sacramento River
Abstract:
... We conducted the first continuous shipboard tracking of southern Distinct Population Segment green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris, in the Sacramento River. Tracking of adult green sturgeon occurred between river kilometer (rkm) 434.8 and 511.6, a section of the putative spawning grounds located near Red Bluff, California. The recorded positions of acoustically tagged green sturgeon were analyzed ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10641-013-0132-8

61. Beyond a warming fingerprint: individualistic biogeographic responses to heterogeneous climate change in California

Author:
Giovanni Rapacciuolo; Sean P. Maher; Adam C. Schneider; Talisin T. Hammond; Meredith D. Jabis; Rachel E. Walsh; Kelly J. Iknayan; Genevieve K. Walden; Meagan F. Oldfather; David D. Ackerly; Steven R. Beissinger
Source:
Global change biology 2014 v.20 no.9 pp. 2841-2855
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
climate; climate change; energy balance; life history; natural history; planning; prediction; temperature; trophic relationships; California
Abstract:
... Understanding recent biogeographic responses to climate change is fundamental for improving our predictions of likely future responses and guiding conservation planning at both local and global scales. Studies of observed biogeographic responses to 20th century climate change have principally examined effects related to ubiquitous increases in temperature – collectively termed a warming fingerprin ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.12638
PubMed:
24934878
PubMed Central:
PMC4145667

62. Beyond the black box: Forest sector vulnerability assessments and adaptation to climate change in North America

Author:
Adam Wellstead; Jeremy Rayner; Michael Howlett
Source:
Environmental Science and Policy 2014 v.35 pp. 109-116
ISSN:
1462-9011
Subject:
USDA Forest Service; climate change; forest ecosystems; forestry; forests; governance; planning; wildfires; Alaska; British Columbia; California
Abstract:
... In the wake of the failures to date of well-publicized multilateral and multi-sectoral mitigation efforts to control greenhouse gases, attention is now increasingly focused on the effectiveness and capacity of national and sub-national level sectoral plans, including forestry, to usher in a new era of adaptation efforts. In Canada, the government of British Columbia spent several years developing ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envsci.2013.04.002

63. Bias of Averages in Life-Cycle Footprinting of Infrastructure: Truck and Bus Case Studies

Author:
Taptich Michael N.; Horvath Arpad
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.22 pp. 13045-13052
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
carbon dioxide; case studies; ecological footprint; emissions factor; environmental impact; fuels; greenhouse gas emissions; infrastructure; issues and policy; trucks; California
Abstract:
... The life-cycle output (e.g., level of service) of infrastructure systems heavily influences their normalized environmental footprint. Many studies and tools calculate emission factors based on average productivity; however, the performance of these systems varies over time and space. We evaluate the appropriate use of emission factors based on average levels of service by comparing them to those r ...
DOI:
10.1021/es503356c

64. A Binomial Sequential Sampling Plan for Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in Solanum lycopersicum (Solanales: Solanacea)

Author:
Prager Sean M.; Butler Casey D.; Trumble John T.
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 2014 v.107 no.2 pp. 838-845
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
Bactericera cockerelli; Candidatus Liberibacter; Capsicum annuum; Solanum lycopersicum; Solanum tuberosum; Triozidae; bacteria; edge effects; juveniles; leaves; nymphs; pests; potatoes; sequential sampling; sweet peppers; tomatoes; California
Abstract:
... The tomato—potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) is a pest of many solanaceous plants, including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). In tomato, feeding by nymphs is associated with “psyllid yellows.” B. cockerelli also vectors “Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurous,” an infectious bacterium that causes “vein greening” disease. Decisions a ...

65. Bioaccumulation of organochlorine contaminants and ethoxyresorufin‐o‐deethylase activity in southern California round stingrays (Urobatis halleri) exposed to planar aromatic compounds

Author:
Kady Lyons; Ramon Lavado; Daniel Schlenk; Christopher G. Lowe
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2014 v.33 no.6 pp. 1380-1390
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
DDT (pesticide); Urobatis; age structure; animals; aromatic compounds; bioaccumulation; females; forage; foraging; habitats; males; models; pollutants; polychlorinated biphenyls; pregnancy; progeny; toxicity; California
Abstract:
... While contaminant concentrations have been reported for elasmobranchs around the world, no studies have examined bioaccumulation patterns across male and female age classes. The round stingray (Urobatis halleri) is a local benthic species that forages near areas of high organochlorine contamination and represents a good elasmobranch model. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT, and chlordanes were ...
DOI:
10.1002/etc.2564
PubMed:
24838923

66. Biochar does not mitigate field-scale N2O emissions in a Northern California vineyard: An assessment across two years

Author:
Elizabeth Verhoeven; Johan Six
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2014 v.191 pp. 27-38
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
agroecosystems; ammonium compounds; biochar; climate change; cover crops; crop yield; cropping systems; greenhouse gas emissions; irrigation; nitrates; nitrification; nitrous oxide; soil amendments; soil density; soil pH; temperature; vineyards; walnuts; wine grapes; California
Abstract:
... Biochar amendment to soil has been proposed as a mechanism to mitigate climate change through an array of mechanisms; one being the mitigation of soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Yet the extent and mechanisms through which this may be achieved in temperate agroecosystems is uncertain. We used a pine chip biochar produced at a moderate temperature (550°C, PC biochar) and a walnut shell biochar p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.008

67. Biocontrol attack increases pollen limitation under some circumstances in the invasive plant Centaurea solstitialis

Author:
Sarah M. Swope
Source:
Oecologia 2014 v.174 no.1 pp. 205-215
ISSN:
0029-8549
Subject:
Centaurea solstitialis; biological control; herbivores; invasive species; pathogens; pollen; pollinators; reproduction; seed set; soil water; California
Abstract:
... Herbivore damage often deters pollinator visitation and many invasive plants in North America are pollinator-dependent. This has important implications for the biological control of invasive plants because it means that agents that deter pollinators may have a larger than expected impact on the plant. Yet interactions between pollinators and biocontrol agents are rarely evaluated. Centaurea solsti ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00442-013-2750-4

68. Biological and chemical responses in a temporarily open/closed estuary to variable freshwater inputs

Author:
Darcie Goodman Collins; John M. Melack
Source:
Hydrobiologia 2014 v.734 no.1 pp. 97-113
ISSN:
0018-8158
Subject:
Fundulus; anaerobic conditions; dissolved oxygen; drought; estuaries; fish; freshwater; oceans; rain; salinity; temporal variation; California; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... In coastal lagoons with occasional connection to oceans, variations in physicochemical conditions and biological responses can be pronounced. To examine the influence of variable rainfall and tidal flushing, we measured, over a 4-year period, salinity, temperature and dissolved oxygen, and fish abundances, in Devereux Slough, a coastal lagoon occasionally connected to the Pacific Ocean along the C ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10750-014-1872-y

69. Biological associates of early-seral pre-forest in the Pacific Northwest

Author:
Mark E. Swanson; Nichole M. Studevant; John L. Campbell; Daniel C. Donato
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2014 v.324 pp. 160-171
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
amphibians; birds; canopy; conifers; ecosystems; forests; habitats; insects; life history; mammals; protected species; reptiles; California; Oregon; Washington (state)
Abstract:
... Traditionally overlooked by foresters as unproductive and ecologists as disorganized, naturally regenerating forests in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) are perhaps the least understood forest condition in the region. More recently, concerns over the rarity of this forest condition have sparked interest in identifying ecological characteristics unique to forested sites after a canopy-opening disturbanc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2014.03.046

70. Biology of the Geophyte, Triteleia ixioides subsp. anilina (Themidaceae), In Coniferous Forests of Butte County, California

Author:
Kannely Alfred; Schlising Robert A
Source:
Madroño 2014 v.61 no.1 pp. 87-104
ISSN:
0024-9637
Subject:
Bombyliidae; Mediterranean climate; Triteleia ixioides; bees; coniferous forests; corms; drought; flowering; fruit set; geophytes; leaves; loam soils; pollen; pollination; pollinators; roots; seed germination; seed set; seedling growth; seedlings; shoots; soil water; spring; summer; winter; California
Abstract:
... The life cycle of the widespread, cormous geophyte, Triteleia ixioides (W. T. Aiton) Greene subsp. anilina (Greene) L. W. Lenz (Themidaceae) was studied in the field over several years in coniferous forest sites in Butte County, CA. All sites, ranging from 1383 to 1774 meters in elevation, have a Mediterranean climate and loamy soils above Tuscan mudflow substrate. Flowering scape height, corm wei ...
DOI:
10.3120/0024-9637-61.1.87

71. Biomarkers of Manganese Exposure in Pregnant Women and Children Living in an Agricultural Community in California

Author:
Gunier Robert B.; Mora Ana Maria; Smith Donald; Arora Manish; Austin Christine; Eskenazi Brenda; Bradman Asa
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.24 pp. 14695-14702
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biomarkers; blood; children; dust; enamel; farm labor; geometry; manganese; mothers; neurotoxins; pregnancy; pregnant women; teeth; urine; California
Abstract:
... Manganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient but at high exposure levels is a neurotoxicant. There is no well-validated biomarker to assess perinatal Mn exposure. A total of 75 mother-child pairs provided blood, urine, and/or deciduous tooth samples. We analyzed Mn in dentin and enamel of shed teeth; maternal, cord, and child blood; and maternal and child urine and examined the interrelationships of Mn ...
DOI:
10.1021/es503866a
PubMed:
25390650
PubMed Central:
PMC4270392

72. Biomass and carbon data from blue oaks in a California oak savanna

Author:
John F. Karlik; David C. Chojnacky
Source:
Biomass and bioenergy 2014 v.62 pp. 228-232
ISSN:
0961-9534
Subject:
Quercus douglasii; USDA Forest Service; biomass; branches; carbon; databases; equations; forest inventory; leaves; nitrogen; prediction; root crown; savannas; tree and stand measurements; trees; California
Abstract:
... Stem circumference at breast height (1.4 m above ground), tree height, distance from the ground to the base of the crown, and crown radii from the stem to the average drip line were measured for fourteen blue oak (Quercus douglasii) trees from a California site. The trees were felled, and we determined mass of stems, branches, twigs, and foliage; and analyzed carbon and nitrogen in branch and stem ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.11.018

73. Biomass yield and nitrogen use of potential C4 and C3 dedicated energy crops in a Mediterranean climate

Author:
Gabriel M. Pedroso; Robert B. Hutmacher; Daniel Putnam; Johan Six; Chris van Kessel; Bruce A. Linquist
Source:
Field crops research 2014 v.161 pp. 149-157
ISSN:
0378-4290
Subject:
Andropogon gerardii; C3 plants; C4 plants; Cenchrus; Cynodon dactylon; Festuca arundinacea; Mediterranean climate; Miscanthus; Panicum virgatum; Thinopyrum elongatum; Thinopyrum ponticum; biomass production; dry matter accumulation; energy crops; fertilizer rates; fossil fuels; irrigated conditions; mortality; nitrogen; California
Abstract:
... Biomass-based fuels from bioenergy crops stand as viable alternatives to fossil fuels. Side-by-side information on yields and N requirements of potential bioenergy crops is, however, lacking. The objectives of our study were to evaluate yields, N removal, and response to N fertilization of perennial C4 and C3 species under different N availability conditions in an irrigated Mediterranean climate. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fcr.2014.02.003

74. Biomonitoring of traffic-related nitrogen pollution using Letharia vulpina (L.) Hue in the Sierra Nevada, California

Author:
R. Bermejo-Orduna; J.R. McBride; K. Shiraishi; D. Elustondo; E. Lasheras; J.M. Santamaría
Source:
Science of the total environment 2014 v.490 pp. 205-212
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
correlation; nitrogen content; zinc; nitrogen; lead; arsenic; mountains; coniferous forests; epiphytes; secondary forests; wolves; pollution; sodium; emissions; ecosystems; forest roads; stand basal area; stable isotopes; lichens; California
Abstract:
... To assess the impact of vehicular emissions on a mixed conifer forest, we measured the contents of the trace elements, N, C, and their respective natural isotopes (δ15N and δ13C), in the epiphytic lichen, L. vulpina. The samples were collected along transects perpendicular to Interstate 80 (I-80) and along a more remote, secondary forest road (R07). Distance to the road verge, trunk cover, and sta ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.119

75. Biotic origin for Mima mounds supported by numerical modeling

Author:
Emmanuel J. Gabet; J. Taylor Perron; Donald L. Johnson
Source:
Geomorphology 2014 v.206 pp. 58-66
ISSN:
0169-555X
Subject:
basins; geophysics; gophers; habitats; indigenous species; mathematical models; microrelief; soil; vernal pools; Antarctica; California
Abstract:
... Mima mounds are ~1-m-high hillocks found on every continent except Antarctica. Despite often numbering in the millions within a single field, their origin has been a mystery, with proposed explanations ranging from glacial processes to seismic shaking. One hypothesis proposes that mounds in North America are built by burrowing mammals to provide refuge from seasonally saturated soils. We test this ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.09.018

76. Bone Histology of Fossil Tetrapods: Advancing Methods, Analysis, and Interpretation

Author:
Stefen Clara
Source:
Journal of mammalogy 2014 v.95 no.4 pp. 908-909
ISSN:
1545-1542
Subject:
fossils; histology; prices; California
Abstract:
... Padian, K., and E.-T. Lamm (eds.). 2013. Bone Histology of Fossil Tetrapods: Advancing Methods, Analysis, and Interpretation. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, 285 pp. ISBN 978-0-520-27352-8, price (hardbound), $75.00. ...
DOI:
10.1644/14-MAMM-R-040

77. Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthaceae associated with panicle and shoot blight of pistachio in California, USA

Author:
Shuai Fei Chen; David P. Morgan; Themis J. Michailides
Source:
Fungal diversity 2014 v.67 no.1 pp. 157-179
ISSN:
1560-2745
Subject:
Botryosphaeria dothidea; Diaporthe; Diplodia seriata; Dothiorella; Lasiodiplodia; Neofusicoccum; blight; conidia; cultivars; females; fungi; genes; industry; males; mycelium; panicles; pathogenicity; pistachios; species identification; Arizona; Australia; California; Greece
Abstract:
... Botryosphaeria panicle and shoot blight was considered as one of the single greatest threats to the California pistachio industry in the last two decades. A large number of fungi with typical morphological characteristics of Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthe were collected from pistachios in 18 counties in California and deposited in our culture collection. The aims of this study were to identify t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13225-014-0285-6

78. Breeding grape rootstocks for resistance to phylloxera and nematodes - it's not always easy

Author:
M. A. Walker; K. Lund; C. Aguero; S. Riaz; K. Fort; C. Heinitz; N. Romero
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2014 v. no.1045 pp. 89-97
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Citrus; Phylloxera; Pierce's disease; Vitis rotundifolia var. rotundifolia; Xiphinema index; breeding; climate change; control methods; disease resistance; drought; genes; grapes; hybrids; inoculum; leaf galls; microsatellite repeats; pest control; pest resistance; progeny; ring nematodes; root-knot nematodes; rootstocks; salinity; soil temperature; California
Abstract:
... Grape rootstocks were first developed to address the phylloxera crisis during the late 1800s, and many of these rootstocks continue to be used. However, changes in the climate, water availability, pest pressure, and pest control practices require the development of new and better-adapted rootstocks. Many of the traits we need to address these issues are from Vitis species that have not been widely ...

79. Bromethalin poisoning in a raccoon (Procyon lotor): diagnostic considerations and relevance to nontarget wildlife

Author:
Adrienne C. Bautista; Leslie W. Woods; Mike S. Filigenzi; Birgit Puschner
Source:
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation v.26 no.1 pp. 154-157
ISSN:
1943-4936
Subject:
4-aminopyridine; Procyon lotor; adipose tissue; animals; anticoagulants; brain; edema; gastrointestinal system; high performance liquid chromatography; histology; kidneys; liver; metabolites; necropsy; oxidative phosphorylation; poisoning; rodenticides; salts; strychnine; tandem mass spectrometry; toxicity testing; vacuoles; wildlife; California
Abstract:
... Submission of a raccoon (Procyon lotor) for necropsy following exhaustion at a California wildlife care center revealed minimal gross pathologic changes and only mild vacuolar changes in the white matter of the brain. Turquoise granular material was noted in the gastrointestinal tract and was submitted for toxicological testing along with portions of the brain, liver, kidney, and mesenteric and pe ...
DOI:
10.1177/1040638713510296

80. The CHANGE Study: A Healthy-Lifestyles Intervention to Improve Rural Children's Diet Quality

Author:
Juliana F.W. Cohen; Vivica I. Kraak; Silvina F. Choumenkovitch; Raymond R. Hyatt; Christina D. Economos
Source:
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 v.114 no.1 pp. 48-53
ISSN:
2212-2672
Subject:
analysis of variance; autumn; children; dietary fiber; fruit consumption; fruits; glycemic index; legumes; nationalities and ethnic groups; nutritional adequacy; nutritive value; obesity; potatoes; rural communities; saturated fats; schools; spring; students; sugars; vegetable consumption; weight gain; whole grain foods; California; Kentucky; Mississippi; South Carolina
Abstract:
... Despite the high rates of overweight and obesity among rural children, there have been limited interventions reported to improve the diet quality of rural, low-income children in the United States.Our aim was to evaluate students' diet quality at baseline and after implementing the CHANGE (Creating Healthy, Active and Nurturing Growing-Up Environments) study, a 2-year (2007-2009) randomized, contr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jand.2013.08.014
PubMed:
24126295
PubMed Central:
PMC3867589

81. CaDMR1 Cosegregates with QTL Pc5.1 for Resistance to Phytophthora capsici in Pepper (Capsicum annuum)

Author:
William Z. Rehrig; Hamid Ashrafi; Theresa Hill; James Prince; Allen Van Deynze
Source:
The plant genome 2014 v.7 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
1940-3372
Subject:
Capsicum annuum; Phytophthora capsici; alleles; chromosomes; genomics; homoserine kinase; inbred lines; landraces; pepper; quantitative trait loci; recurrent selection; root rot; single nucleotide polymorphism; transcriptomics; California; Mexico; Michigan; New Jersey; New Mexico; Tennessee
Abstract:
... A major problem for the pepper (Capsicum annuum) industry is the root rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici (Pc), to which all commercial varieties suffer yield losses despite good management practices and available landraces with high levels of resistance. A high-density map with 3887 markers was generated in a set of recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from the highly resistant Capsicum ...
DOI:
10.3835/plantgenome2014.03.0011

82. Calculating the Diffusive Flux of Persistent Organic Pollutants between Sediments and the Water Column on the Palos Verdes Shelf Superfund Site Using Polymeric Passive Samplers

Author:
Fernandez Loretta A.; Lao Wenjian; Maruya Keith A.; Burgess Robert M.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.7 pp. 3925-3934
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
DDD (pesticide); DDE (pesticide); models; persistent organic pollutants; polychlorinated biphenyls; samplers; sand; solid phase microextraction; California
Abstract:
... Passive samplers were deployed to the seafloor at a marine Superfund site on the Palos Verdes Shelf, California, USA, and used to determine water concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the surface sediments and near-bottom water. A model of Fickian diffusion across a thin water boundary layer at the sediment-water interface was used to calculate flux of contaminants due to molec ...
DOI:
10.1021/es404475c

83. California processing tomatoes: Morphological, physiological and phenological traits associated with crop improvement during the last 80 years

Author:
Felipe H. Barrios-Masias; Louise E. Jackson
Source:
European journal of agronomy 2014 v.53 pp. 45-55
ISSN:
1161-0301
Subject:
biomass; crop yield; crops; cultivars; environmental factors; flowering; fruit set; genetic improvement; mechanization; multivariate analysis; nitrogen content; phenology; photosynthesis; plant breeding; tomatoes; California
Abstract:
... Breeding has greatly increased yields of many crops, but the contributions of particular morphological, phenological and physiological traits to these higher yields are rarely well understood. In the past 50 years, California processing tomato yields per hectare have more than doubled. This study evaluated a group of important processing tomato cultivars released over the past 80 years in Californ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.eja.2013.11.007

84. California walnut improvement program: scion breeding and rootstock development

Author:
C. A. Leslie; G. H. McGranahan
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.1050 pp. 81-88
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Cherry leaf roll virus; DNA; Juglans hindsii; Juglans regia; Nematoda; Phytophthora; bioinformatics; breeding; color; crown galls; cultivars; farms; genetic resistance; genomics; genotype; growers; harvest date; hybrids; industry; micropropagation; pathogens; phenotype; planting; rootstocks; scions; seeds; university programs; walnuts; California
Abstract:
... The goals of the University of California-Davis Walnut Improvement Program are to develop improved scion and rootstock cultivars for the California walnut industry and to utilize emerging genomic tools to increase breeding efficiency. Scion breeding objectives include new cultivars with early harvest dates, light kernel color, and resistance to blight and the development of scions with resistance ...

85. California's Cap-and-Trade Programme and Insights for China's Pilot Schemes

Author:
Bo Shen; Fan Dai; Lynn Price; Hongyou Lu
Source:
Energy & environment v.25 no.3-4 pp. 551-575
ISSN:
2048-4070
Subject:
compliance; environmental markets; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; California; China
Abstract:
... California's cap-and-trade programme under the Assembly Bill 32 is a key element in California's comprehensive plan for reducing its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. In China, separate local cap-and-trade pilot schemes are being developed to explore a market-based solution for addressing the country's increasing GHG emissions. The Californian cap-and-trade scheme and China's ...
DOI:
10.1260/0958-305X.25.3-4.551

86. Can behavioral fish-guidance devices protect juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from entrainment into unscreened water-diversion pipes?

Author:
Timothy D. Mussen; Oliver Patton; Dennis Cocherell; Ali Ercan; Hossein Bandeh; M. Levent Kavvas; Joseph J. Cech; Nann A. Fangue
Source:
Canadian journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences 2014 v.71 no.8 pp. 1209-1219
ISSN:
1205-7533
Subject:
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; fish; fish behavior; juveniles; pipes; risk; rivers; schools of fish; spring; summer; watersheds; California
Abstract:
... Entrainment through water-diversion structures is a major passage challenge for fishes in watersheds worldwide. Behavioral guidance devices may be effective in passing fish by diversion inlets, thereby decreasing entrainment without reducing water-diversion rates, but data on their effectiveness is limited. In California’s central valley, out-migrating Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjfas-2013-0601

87. Can fire atlas data improve species distribution model projections?

Author:
Shawn M. Crimmins; Solomon Z. Dobrowski; Alison R. Mynsberge; Hugh D. Safford
Source:
Ecological applications 2014 v.24 no.5 pp. 1057-1069
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
biogeography; climate; climate change; data collection; fire regime; meteorological data; models; mountains; prediction; California
Abstract:
... Correlative species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used in studies of climate change impacts, yet are often criticized for failing to incorporate disturbance processes that can influence species distributions. Here we use two temporally independent data sets of vascular plant distributions, climate data, and fire atlas data to examine the influence of disturbance history on SDM projection a ...
DOI:
10.1890/13-0924.1

88. Candidate SNP Associations of Optimism and Resilience in Older Adults: Exploratory Study of 935 Community-Dwelling Adults

Author:
Brinda K. Rana; Burcu F. Darst; Cinnamon Bloss; Pei-an Betty Shih; Colin Depp; Caroline M. Nievergelt; Matthew Allison; J. Kellogg Parsons; Nicholas Schork; Dilip V. Jeste
Source:
American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2014 v.22 no.10 pp. 997-1006
ISSN:
1064-7481
Subject:
DNA; ancestry; copy number variation; genes; genotype-phenotype correlation; interleukin-10; phenotypic variation; selenium; vitamin E; California
Abstract:
... Objective: Optimism and resilience promote health and well-being in older adults, and previous reports suggest that these traits are heritable. We examined the association of selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with optimism and resilience in older adults. Design: Candidate gene association study that was a follow-on at the University of California, San Diego, sites of two NIH-funded m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jagp.2014.03.009
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.jagp.2014.03.009

89. Canopy arthropod responses to thinning and burning treatments in old-growth mixed-conifer forest in the Sierra Nevada, California

Author:
Thomas Rambo; Timothy Schowalter; Malcolm North
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2014 v.326 pp. 91-100
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
canopy; arthropod communities; arthropods; indicator species; mountains; fuels; trees; understory; Angiospermae; burning; branches; conifers; overstory; leaves; forests; Sierra Nevada (California); California
Abstract:
... We compared canopy arthropod responses to common fuels reduction treatments at Teakettle Experimental Forest in the south-central Sierra Nevada of California. We sampled arthropod communities among four dominant overstory conifer species and three dominant understory angiosperm species before and after overstory or understory thinning or no thinning treatments followed by burning or no burning tre ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2014.04.014

90. Capturing multiple values of ecosystem services shaped by environmental worldviews: A spatial analysis

Author:
Carena J. Van Riper; Gerard T. Kyle
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2014 v.145 pp. 374-384
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
aquatic ecosystems; biodiversity; conservation areas; data collection; decision making; ecosystem services; environmental management; geographic information systems; national parks; recreation; social benefit; stakeholders; surveys; California
Abstract:
... Two related approaches to valuing nature have been advanced in past research including the study of ecosystem services and psychological investigations of the factors that shape behavior. Stronger integration of the insights that emerge from these two lines of enquiry can more effectively sustain ecosystems, economies, and human well-being. Drawing on survey data collected from outdoor recreationi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.06.014

91. Carbon Market Lessons and Global Policy Outlook

Author:
Richard G. Newell; William A. Pizer; Daniel Raimi
Source:
Science 2014 v.343 no.6177 pp. 1316-1317
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
European Union; carbon markets; emissions; issues and policy; prices; California; China; Quebec
Abstract:
... Prices in the European Union's (EU) Emissions Trading System (EU-ETS) spent 2013 at historic lows. Elected officials have promised to repeal the Australian carbon market. Yet five new regional carbon markets recently began in China, which nearly doubled the volume of emissions covered by trading programs. This follows California's successful launch of its cap-and-trade program in 2013 and its 2014 ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1246907

92. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Are Elevated in Urban Minority Children Enrolled in Head Start

Author:
Brogan Kathryn; Danford Cynthia; Yeh Yulyu; Jen Kai-Lin Catherine
Source:
Childhood obesity 2014 v.10 no.3 pp. 207-213
ISSN:
2153-2176
Subject:
National Cholesterol Education Program; USDA; blood; body mass index; caregivers; childhood obesity; correlation; females; health services; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; hyperlipidemia; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; minorities (people); myocardial infarction; preschool children; regression analysis; risk factors; screening; triacylglycerols; underweight; California
Abstract:
... Background: The prevalence of obesity and overweight persists in the preschool population, despite some prevention and treatment advances, particularly in minorities. Investigating the prevalence of dyslipidemia and the effect of family health may also guide the focus of intervention efforts.Methods: Anthropometric data were collected from urban minority preschool children (n=161; 42% female) enro ...
DOI:
10.1089/chi.2013.0146
PubMed:
24829071
PubMed Central:
PMC4038981

93. Carex xerophila (Cyperaceae), a New Sedge from the Chaparral of Northern California

Author:
Zika Peter F.; Janeway Lawrence P.; Wilson Barbara L.
Source:
Madroño 2014 v.61 no.3 pp. 299-307
ISSN:
0024-9637
Subject:
Carex; altitude; chaparral; forests; habitats; hills; leaves; mountains; new species; serpentine soils; topographic slope; California
Abstract:
... Carex xerophila Janeway & Zika is described from gabbro and serpentine soils on the west slope of the northern Sierra Nevada in California. It is documented from four populations in or on the margins of chaparral and open forest. The new species is assigned to Carex section Acrocystis Dumort., and a key is provided for all California representatives of the section. Carex xerophila differs from C. ...
DOI:
10.3120/0024-9637-61.3.299

94. Carnivore distributions across chaparral habitats exposed to wildfire and rural housing in southern California

Author:
P. A. Schuette; J. E. Diffendorfer; D. H. Deutschman; S. Tremor; W. Spencer
Source:
International journal of wildland fire 2014 v.23 no.4 pp. 591-600
ISSN:
1049-8001
Subject:
Canis latrans; Lynx rufus; Mephitis mephitis; Urocyon cinereoargenteus; animal communities; carnivores; chaparral; ecosystems; habitats; indigenous species; rural housing; shrublands; skunks; wildfires; wildlife management; California
Abstract:
... Chaparral and coastal sage scrub habitats in southern California support biologically diverse plant and animal communities. However, native plant and animal species within these shrubland systems are increasingly exposed to human-caused wildfires and an expansion of the human–wildland interface. Few data exist to evaluate the effects of fire and anthropogenic pressures on plant and animal communit ...
DOI:
10.1071/WF13062

95. Case Study: Long-Term Livestock Grazing Influence on Vegetation Class in Coyote Flat, California, USA

Author:
Rob Pearce; Ken Lair; Gary Frasier
Source:
Rangelands 2014 v.36 no.4 pp. 2-12
ISSN:
0190-0528
Subject:
USDA Forest Service; case studies; ecosystems; grazing intensity; livestock; meadows; mountains; range management; rangelands; soil; California
Abstract:
... Parker Three-Step data that exist on many US Forest Service allotments may be the only remaining, truly long-term vegetation and soil data available. Although Parker Three-Step procedures have been abandoned on many Forest Service districts, the historical insight they provide may be worth revisiting for management purposes. The Parker photos that accompany the transect data may be of more value t ...
DOI:
10.2111/RANGELANDS-D-14-00003.1

96. A Causal Analysis of Observed Declines in Managed Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)

Author:
Jane P. Staveley; Sheryl A. Law; Anne Fairbrother; Charles A. Menzie
Source:
Human and ecological risk assessment 2014 v.20 no.2 pp. 566-591
ISSN:
1549-7860
Subject:
Apis mellifera; Varroa; almonds; colony collapse disorder; experts; honey bees; industry; mites; neonicotinoid insecticides; nutrient deficiencies; viruses; California
Abstract:
... The European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is a highly valuable, semi-free-ranging managed agricultural species. While the number of managed hives has been increasing, declines in overwinter survival, and the onset of colony collapse disorder in 2006, precipitated a large amount of research on bees’ health in an effort to isolate the causative factors. A workshop was convened during which bee experts ...
DOI:
10.1080/10807039.2013.831263
PubMed:
24363549
PubMed Central:
PMC3869053

97. Causes of death in preweaned northern elephant seal pups (Mirounga angustirostris, Gill, 1866), Año Nuevo State Reserve, California, 2012

Author:
Terry R. Spraker; Eugene T. Lyons; Tetiana A. Kuzmina; Michael S. Tift; Stephen Raverty; Nicole Jaggi; Daniel E. Crocker
Source:
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation v.26 no.2 pp. 320-326
ISSN:
1943-4936
Subject:
Mirounga angustirostris; abdomen; adults; chest; congenital abnormalities; death; ecophysiology; females; fetal death; head; hemorrhage; histology; lacerations; microscopy; mortality; necropsy; parasitology; pups; starvation; California
Abstract:
... During an ongoing physiological ecology study on pups and adult female northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris, Gill, 1866) on the mainland rookery at Año Nuevo State Reserve (California), an opportunity was afforded to collect fresh dead pups for parasitology and necropsy. The investigation was undertaken to delineate the causes of death of northern elephant seals recovered from Año Nuev ...
DOI:
10.1177/1040638714523427

98. Cerebral Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in a captive African pygmy falcon (Polihierax semitorquatus) in southern California

Author:
Rachel E. Burns; Elizabeth J. Bicknese; Yvonne Qvarnstrom; Marlene DeLeon-Carnes; Clifton P. Drew; Chris H. Gardiner; Bruce A. Rideout
Source:
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation v.26 no.5 pp. 695-698
ISSN:
1943-4936
Subject:
DNA; Hemidactylus; Parastrongylus cantonensis; brain; falcons; females; histology; lungworms; meningoencephalitis; polymerase chain reaction; rats; zoos; California; South East Asia
Abstract:
... A 10-month-old, female African pygmy falcon (Polihierax semitorquatus) hatched and housed at the San Diego Zoo developed neurologic signs and died from a cerebral infection with the rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis. There was an associated mild nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis. This infection was diagnosed on histology and confirmed by detection of species-specific A. cantonensis DNA in ...
DOI:
10.1177/1040638714544499

99. Cesium radioisotope content of wild edible fungi, mineral soil, and surface litter in western North America after the Fukushima nuclear accident

Author:
Matthew J. Trappe; Leah D. Minc; Kimberly S. Kittredge; Jeremias W. Pink
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2014 v.44 no.11 pp. 1441-1452
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
radionuclides; edible fungi; mineral soils; cesium; human health; coasts; California
Abstract:
... We measured activity levels of radioisotopes cesium-134 (¹³⁴Cs) and cesium-137 (¹³⁷Cs) in wild edible fungi, mineral soil, and surface litter of the west coast of North America from southern California to northern Vancouver Island after the Fukushima nuclear accident. All activity measurements were below United States governmental limits for human health. ¹³⁷Cs activity increased to the north in m ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjfr-2014-0105

100. Change detection of storm runoff and sediment yield using hydrologic models following wildfire in a coastal redwood forest, California

Author:
Christopher G. Surfleet; Brian Dietterick; Arne Skaugset
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2014 v.44 no.6 pp. 572-581
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
Sequoia sempervirens; canopy; climate models; experimental design; fire severity; forests; hydrologic models; overstory; pollution load; sediment yield; sediments; stormwater; stream channels; stream flow; uncertainty; understory; watersheds; wildfires; California
Abstract:
... This study attempted to detect changes in stormflow volumes, peakflows, and sediment loads using hydrologic models within the context of an uncertainty assessment following wildfire. In 2009, after 8 years of study, the Lockheed Fire burned the treatment and control watersheds of a paired watershed study in coastal California, USA, eliminating the ability to continue a paired watershed before–afte ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjfr-2013-0328