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1. "Drill and fill" lithography: fabrication of platinum electrodes and their use in label-free immunosensing

Author:
Sakandar Rauf; Muhammad J. A. Shiddiky; Matt Trau; Krassen Dimitrov
Source:
RSC advances 2013 v.3 no.13 pp. 4189-4192
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
antigens; electrodes; erbB-2 receptor; platinum
Abstract:
... We report a new fabrication method referred to as ‘drill and fill’ lithography that provides control structuring and excellent reproducibility in the production of patterned platinum electrodes in a chip format, and demonstrate their sensing abilities for the label-free immunodetection of the HER-2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor-2) antigen. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3ra21900c

2. "Fascinating Little Whatzits"

Author:
Philip Donoghue
Source:
Science 2013 v.340 no.6134 pp. 813
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
animals; extinct species; researchers
Abstract:
... Charting how researchers have conceptualized the conodont animal, Knell offers a fresh perspective on the challenges of understanding unusual extinct taxa. ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1235837

3. "I was suddenly transported into China". Some remarks on a relationship between literature and garden culture

Author:
Thielking, S.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.999 pp. 201-205
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Europeans; gardening; gardens; groves; occupations; peaches; personal development; plums; trees; villages; China; Europe
Abstract:
... To Europeans “China” has served for many centuries as a label, as a blank and a promise. This is reflected in garden architecture as well as in literature. Garden architectural details considered exotic, grotesque, and imitative such as villages, pagodas, pavilions, bridges, etc. and poems, novels, fairy tales, plays, etc. carry many “Chinese” imaginations. They oscillate between sophistication an ...

4. "La Viarte" project: the knowledge of whole surface variability within a precision viticulture approach

Author:
Bigot, L.; Bigot, G.; Bragato, G.; Mosetti, D.; Sivilotti, P.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.978 pp. 55-62
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
chemical analysis; crop yield; cultivars; global positioning systems; grapes; organic matter; soil; texture; vigor; vineyards; viticulture; water potential; wines
Abstract:
... The knowledge of spatial variability is particularly important and several studies were carried out around the world, since it has been speculated that the overall grape quality is negatively affected by the vineyard heterogeneity. Based on this, a project was carried out in “LA VIARTE” (one important winery in the Friuli Colli Orientali D.O.C. area) with the aim to examine the spatial variability ...

5. "Novel features of considerable interest"

Author:
Nathaniel Comfort
Source:
Science 2013 v.339 no.6120 pp. 648
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
geneticists; photographs; publications
Abstract:
... Adding documents, photographs, and notes, the editors have enriched the classic memoir that Watson originally titled Honest Jim . ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1233356

6. "Sweet but dangerous": nectaries in carnivorous plants

Author:
Bartosz J. Płachno
Source:
Acta agrobotanica v.60 no.2 pp. 31-37
ISSN:
2300-357X
Subject:
carnivorous plants; nectar; nectaries; pollination; trapping
Abstract:
... In carnivorous plants, two types of nectaries occur: extra-floral nectaries, generally associated with prey luring, and floral ones associated with pollination. Nectar produced by extra-floral nectaries not only attracts prey but may also be involved in trapping prey and plays a role in myrmecophily. The diversity of nectary structure in carnivorous plants reflects complicated evolutionary routes ...
DOI:
10.5586/aa.2007.027

7. # Stem taper equations for poplars growing on farmland in Sweden

Author:
Birger
Source:
Journal of forestry research 2013 v.24 no.1 pp. 15-22
ISSN:
1007-662X
Subject:
equations; plantations; profitability; statistics; stems; tree and stand measurements; trees; Sweden
Abstract:
... We developed a simple polynomial taper equation for poplars growing on former farmland in Sweden and also evaluated the performance of some well-known taper equations. In Sweden there is an increasing interest in the use of poplar. Effective management of poplar plantations for high yield production would be facilitated by taper equations providing better predictions of stem volume than currently ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11676-012-0270-4

8. #Occupy Wall Street:Exploring Informal Learning About a Social Movement on Twitter

Author:
Benjamin Gleason
Source:
American behavioral scientist v.57 no.7 pp. 966-982
ISSN:
1552-3381
Subject:
case studies; collective action; descriptive statistics; learning; people; reading; social change; social networks
Abstract:
... Recent events suggest that social media, also called web 2.0, can support mass social change. Although some critics have lamented how social media are eroding people’s ability to communicate, others have argued that social media may allow individuals to leverage their individual voices against authoritarian leaders. This article seeks to understand the ways in which individuals can use a particula ...
DOI:
10.1177/0002764213479372

9.   Determination of correction coefficient of average skidding distance according to the existing road network in Alikia Soltan forest of Iran  

Author:
M. Rezaei; F. Shafizade; M.A. Rezaei
Source:
Journal of Forest Science v.59 no.12 pp. 475-478
ISSN:
1212-4834
Subject:
computer software; forest roads; forests; topographic maps; Iran
Abstract:
... One of the factors in planning forest roads is average skidding distance which is calculated in projects from the map, according to forest road density, however it has a low accuracy. In this study real average skidding distance and theoretical average skidding distance were measured to determine a correction coefficient in Alikia Soltan forest in Hyrcanian forest. In this study real average skidd ...
DOI:
10.17221/87/2012-jfs

10.  Acute pancreatitis, azotaemia, cholestasis and haemolytic anaemia in a dog: a case report

Author:
M. Guadarrama-Olhovich; LE Garcia Ortuno; JA Ruiz Remolina; C. Lopez Buitrago; J. Ramirez Lezama; J. Bouda
Source:
Veterinární medicína v.58 no.1 pp. 44-49
ISSN:
0375-8427
Subject:
Cocker Spaniel; acidosis; agglutination; alkaline phosphatase; alkalosis; amylases; blood serum; case studies; clinical examination; dogs; females; hemolysis; hemolytic anemia; hepatitis; intrahepatic cholestasis; necrosis; nephrosis; pancreatitis; proteinuria; urine
Abstract:
... We here report acute pancreatitis with multiorganic complications in a female Cocker Spaniel. The most important alterations in clinical pathology were renal azotaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia with a prevalence of conjugated bilirrubin and increased alkaline phosphatase by cholestasis; hyperamylasaemia due to pancreatitis; dehydration, hyponatraemia, hypochloraemia and hypokalaemia related to vomiting ...
DOI:
10.17221/6657-vetmed

11.  Antibiotic resistance of enterococci, coagulase negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat

Author:
N.E. Yurdakul; Z. Erginkaya; E. Ünal
Source:
Czech Journal of Food Sciences v.31 no.1 pp. 14-19
ISSN:
1805-9317
Subject:
Enterococcus; Staphylococcus aureus; antibiotic resistance; chicken meat; chloramphenicol; ciprofloxacin; disk diffusion antimicrobial test; erythromycin; tetracycline; vancomycin
Abstract:
... We determined the antibiotic resistance of enterococci, coagulase negative staphylococci, and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat samples. The antibiotic resistance of the isolated strains was estimated by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method (according to the NCCLS document M2-A9 suggestions). It was found that all strains of Enterococcus spp. were resistant to tetracycline, 75% of ...
DOI:
10.17221/58/2012-cjfs

12.  Behaviour of consumers of conventional and organic flowers and ornamental plants in Italy

Author:
E. Schimmenti; A. Galati; V. Borsellino; C. Ievoli; C. Lupi; S. Tinervia
Source:
Zahradnictví v.40 no.No. 4. pp. 162-171
ISSN:
0862-867X
Subject:
flowers; issues and policy; new markets; Italy
Abstract:
... The paper analyses preferences and motivations of Italian consumers of flowers and ornamental plants, both conventional and organic. The results helped to outline their profile. Purchases are still done in the traditional places (flower shops for cut flowers and plant nurseries for potted plants), however positive trend is found for potted plants purchases at large distribution chains. Some differ ...
DOI:
10.17221/115/2013-hortsci

13.  Comparison between thermal hydrolysis and enzymatic proteolysis processes for the preparation of tilapia skin collagen hydrolysates

Author:
w. Wang; Z. Li; J.-Z. Liu; Y.-J. Wang; S.-H. Liu; M. Sun
Source:
Czech Journal of Food Sciences v.31 no.1 pp. 1-4
ISSN:
1805-9317
Subject:
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Oreochromis niloticus; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; collagen; enzymatic hydrolysis; hydrolysates; molecular weight; pH; peptides; protein content; proteinases; proteolysis; thermal hydrolysis
Abstract:
... The tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) skin hydrolysate was produced by thermal or enzymatic hydrolysis processes. Several product characteristics were studied such as the average molecular weight, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity, yield, and protein content, in order to compare thermal hydrolysis and enzymatic proteolysis processes for the hydrolysed tilapia skin collagen pr ...
DOI:
10.17221/49/2012-cjfs

14.  Consumers’ perception of the health aspects of organic food

Author:
O. Kutnohorská; P. Tomšík
Source:
Zemědělská ekonomika v.59 no.7 pp. 293-299
ISSN:
0139-570X
Subject:
consumer attitudes; ethics; factor analysis; food choices; health services; markets; organic foods; organic production; surveys
Abstract:
... Organic foods are grown using the principles of organic agriculture that are produced, processed and packaged without using chemicals. They have been accepted due to their several perceived benefits over the conventional food. Health aspects of organic food are, in addition to the ethical, environmental, hedonic and “feel good” aspects, the main benefits that the consumers appreciate i ...
DOI:
10.17221/142/2012-agricecon

15.  Effect of polyploidy and pollination methods on capsule and seed set of pansies (Viola × wittrockiana Gams)

Author:
A.L. Dalbato; F. Kobza; L.M. Karlsson
Source:
Zahradnictví v.40 no.1 pp. 22-30
ISSN:
0862-867X
Subject:
Viola; aesthetics; cross pollination; cultivars; mutagenesis; octaploidy; open pollination; ornamental plants; phenology; phenotype; principal component analysis; seed set; self-pollination
Abstract:
...  Pansy, Viola × wittrockiana, is a popular ornamental plant. Effects of polyploidy on phenotype and four pollination methods on capsule and seed set were studied using ten octoploid (2n = 8x) and two hexadecaploid (2n = 16x) genotypes, originating from induced mutagenesis. Principal component analysis, using 19 phenotypic, phenological and physiological characteristics, revealed that he ...
DOI:
10.17221/51/2012-hortsci

16.  Effect of supplementation of various selenium forms and doses on selected parameters of ruminal fluid and blood in sheep

Author:
A. Panev; K. Hauptmanová; L. Pavlata; A. Pechová; J. Filípek; R. Dvořák
Source:
Czech Journal of Animal Science v.58 no.1 pp. 37-46
ISSN:
1212-1819
Subject:
animal science; biomass; blood; copper; diet; glutathione peroxidase; rumen fermentation; rumen fluids; selenium; selenomethionine; sheep; sodium selenite
Abstract:
... Effect of various doses and forms of selenium (organically bound vs. inorganic) on selected parameters of ruminal fluid and blood in sheep was evaluated. The trial was performed with 15 sheep divided into two groups. Animals from group A (n = 8) received a feeding mixture with selenomethionine, while sheep from group B (n = 7) were fed a mixture with sodium selenite. During the first 14 days, anim ...
DOI:
10.17221/6524-cjas

17.  Effects of season and time of milking on spontaneous and induced lipolysis in bovine milk fat

Author:
R. Toušová; L. Stádník; J. Ducháček
Source:
Czech Journal of Food Sciences v.31 no.1 pp. 20-26
ISSN:
1805-9317
Subject:
bulk milk; lipolysis; milk; milk fat
Abstract:
... The effects were evaluated of different factors on the level of spontaneous (SPO) and induced (IND) lipolysis as defined by the content of free fatty acids (FFA) in milk. Milk samples were collected at monthly intervals throughout the year from both morning and evening milkings either individually in a milking parlour (SPO; n = 10) or from the bulk tank (IND; n = 10). The data were analysed using ...
DOI:
10.17221/9/2012-cjfs

18.  Evaluation of raspberry cultivars grown in the western Serbia region

Author:
A. Leposavic; D. Đurović; Z. Keserović; B. Popović; O. Mitrović; N. Miletić
Source:
Zahradnictví v.40 no.1 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
0862-867X
Subject:
cultivars; raspberries; seed weight; stone fruits; Serbia
Abstract:
...  A trial was conducted to determine biological and pomological traits of raspberry cultivars grown in western Serbia region (2003–2006) with the aim to introduce those with the most desirable properties into production. The studies included morphometrical properties of fruits, i.e. number of drupes and seed mass, as well as yield properties viz. yields per shoot, meter and unit of land ...
DOI:
10.17221/86/2012-hortsci

19.  Filbertone as a marker for the assessment of hazelnut spread quality

Author:
H. Čížková; A. Rajchl; J. Šnebergrová; M. Voldřich
Source:
Czech Journal of Food Sciences v.31 no.1 pp. 81-87
ISSN:
1805-9317
Subject:
hazelnuts; markets; models; odors
Abstract:
... A method was proposed for the authenticity evaluation of the hazelnut based products, in which the hazelnut paste content is the principle qualitative parameter. The procedure is based on the determination of filbertone ((E)-5-methyl-hept-2-en-4-one), the natural, unique, and characteristic aroma component of the hazelnuts. A set of authentic hazelnut pastes and model samples containing various ha ...
DOI:
10.17221/493/2011-cjfs

20.  Hydrocephalus in dogs: a review

Author:
P. Przyborowska; Z. Adamiak; M. Jaskolska; Y. Zhalniarovich
Source:
Veterinární medicína v.58 no.2 pp. 73-80
ISSN:
0375-8427
Subject:
acetazolamide; brain; dogs; furosemide; hydrocephalus; magnetism; medical treatment; pathogenesis; prednisone; surgery; veterinary clinics
Abstract:
... Hydrocephalus is a multifactoral disorder that was rarely diagnosed in dogs until the availability of advanced imaging techniques in veterinary practice. This article reviews recent advances in the understanding of canine hydrocephalus including pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment solutions. The advantages and disadvantages of USG, RTG, CT and MRI as advanced diagnos ...
DOI:
10.17221/6698-vetmed

21.  Impact of economic parameters on economic values in dairy sheep

Author:
Z. Krupová; E. Krupa; M. Wolfová
Source:
Czech Journal of Animal Science v.58 no.1 pp. 21-30
ISSN:
1212-1819
Subject:
bioeconomic models; cheeses; computer software; conception rate; dairy sheep; discount rate; economic valuation; ewes; labor; litter size; markets; milk; milk yield; roughage; wool
Abstract:
... The impact of variation in economic conditions on the economic values of fourteen production and functional traits was examined for the Improved Valachian breed using a bio-economic model implemented in the ECOWEIGHT software. The following economic parameters were investigated: market prices of lambs, milk, and cheese (variation ± 40%), costs for roughage, concentrates, and total feeding r ...
DOI:
10.17221/6522-cjas

22.  Improved detection of Ochratoxin A by marine bioluminescent bacteria V. harveyi BA

Author:
W. Wang; M. Zhang; J. Fang; L. Zhang; X. Zou; X. Wang
Source:
Czech Journal of Food Sciences v.31 no.1 pp. 88-93
ISSN:
1805-9317
Subject:
bioluminescence; ochratoxin A; pH; temperature; toxicity
Abstract:
... We applicate the bioluminescent assay system for evaluating the toxicity of Ochratoxin A (OTA). The optimum conditions for the growth and bioluminescence of V. harveyi BA were investigated, including NaCl concentration and pH in the medium, incubation temperature, and OTA action time. The growth and luminescence reached the perfect phase with the NaCl concentration in the range of 1% to 2%, pH 8&n ...
DOI:
10.17221/18/2012-cjfs

23.  India’s exports performance in poultry products and the potential exports destinations

Author:
S. Saran; S. Kumar; L.S. Gangwar
Source:
Zemědělská ekonomika v.59 no.3 pp. 134-142
ISSN:
0139-570X
Subject:
avian influenza; chicken meat; chickens; exports; prices; world markets; India
Abstract:
... The study analyzes the trends in the Indian poultry products’ exports during the pre- and the post-WTO periods using the Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filtered data. The Simpson Diversity Index (SDI) was used to measure the export diversity, whereas the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and the Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) ratios assessed the competitiveness of poultry products ...
DOI:
10.17221/106/2012-agricecon

24.  Leaf spot and dieback of Buxus caused by Cylindrocladium buxicola

Author:
I. Šafránková; L. Holková; M. Kmoch
Source:
Plant Protection Science v.49 no.4 pp. 165-168
ISSN:
1212-2580
Subject:
Buxus sempervirens; Calonectria pseudonaviculata; DNA; azoxystrobin; boxwood blight; conidia; dieback; germination; kresoxim-methyl; leaf blight; leaf spot; mancozeb; mycelium; myclobutanil; penconazole; plant protection
Abstract:
... Leaf blight symptoms were observed on potted box plants (Buxus sempervirens cv. Suffruticosa and B. microphylla) in a nursery in South Moravia in August 2010. These symptoms were suggestive of box blight on Buxus spp. Characteristics of the visual symptoms, microscopic features, and identification of the isolates using DNA sequencing are described. The causal agent was isolated and identified as C ...
DOI:
10.17221/82/2012-pps

25.  Macedonian livestock, dairy and grain sectors and the EU accession impact

Author:
A. Kotevska; D. Dimitrievski; E. Erjavec
Source:
Zemědělská ekonomika v.59 no.3 pp. 125-133
ISSN:
0139-570X
Subject:
European Union; beef; income; issues and policy; milk; pork; simulation models; Republic of North Macedonia
Abstract:
... The Republic of Macedonia is in the process of integrating into the European Union (EU) and adjusting its policies through reforms in policy, regulations and institutions. This paper attempts to provide an answer to the question: what would be the impact on the Macedonian livestock, dairy and grain sectors of Macedonia integrating into the EU. In order to forecast the impact of the EU accession, t ...
DOI:
10.17221/79/2012-agricecon

26.  Norway spruce litterfall and forest floor in the IUFRO thinning experiment CZ 13 – Vítkov

Author:
J. Novák; M. Slodičák; D. Dušek; D. Kacálek
Source:
Journal of Forest Science v.59 no.3 pp. 107-116
ISSN:
1212-4834
Subject:
Picea abies; agricultural land; biomass; calcium; forest litter; forests; humus; Czech Republic
Abstract:
... The effect of thinning on litterfall and decomposition of biomass was investigated in Norway spruce IUFRO thinning experiment (CZ-13), Czech Republic. The experiment was established in 1971 in an 8-year-old spruce stand on former farmland. Quantity and quality of litterfall and biomass from humus horizons were analysed in two treatments (1C – no thinning, 2T – heavy thinning at the you ...
DOI:
10.17221/76/2012-jfs

27.  Rural development policy in the context of actor-centred institutionalism

Author:
Z. Dobšinská; J. Šálka; Z. Sarvašová; J. Lásková
Source:
Journal of Forest Science v.59 no.1 pp. 34-40
ISSN:
1212-4834
Subject:
decision making; development policy; forests; public policy; qualitative analysis; rural development; Slovakia
Abstract:
... We analysed the formulation of Rural Development Programme of the Slovak Republic for 2007–2013 applying the theory of actor-centred institutionalism and its interaction forms. Approaches accentuating the role of actors and their interactions are an appropriate tool for the better understanding of cross-sectoral relationships and the improvement of public policy coherence in the formulation ...
DOI:
10.17221/24/2012-jfs

28.  The structure and role of mammalian sperm RNA: a review

Author:
D. Bukowska; B. Kempisty; H. Piotrowska; P. Sosinska; M. Wozna; S. Ciesiolka; P. Antosik
Source:
Veterinární medicína v.58 no.2 pp. 57-64
ISSN:
0375-8427
Subject:
DNA; chromatin; embryogenesis; genome; haploidy; histones; males; mammals; messenger RNA; microarray technology; oocytes; protamines; spermatogenesis; spermatozoa
Abstract:
... The main role of sperm is the delivery of the paternal genome into the oocyte during fertilisation. However, several lines of evidence have indicated that mammalian spermatozoa contribute more than just their DNA, namely, they also deliver a large range of RNA molecules. Microarray analysis has revealed a complex population of 3000 different kinds of messenger RNA that are delivered to oocytes by ...
DOI:
10.17221/6696-vetmed

29.  pH and thermal stability of anthocyanin-based optimised extracts of Romanian red onion cultivars

Author:
S. Oancea; O. Drághici
Source:
Czech Journal of Food Sciences v.31 no.3 pp. 283-291
ISSN:
1805-9317
Subject:
Allium cepa; anthocyanins; cultivars; ethanol; food composition; onions; pH; phenolic compounds; thermal stability
Abstract:
... Total phenolics and anthocyanins in ten samples of Romanian red onion cultivars, extraction optimisation and pH/thermal stability were investigated. Extraction with 80% aqueous ethanol leads to an increased anthocyanin yield. The level of phenolics and anthocyanins in bulbs is highly variable and was found higher in the Red of Turda cultivar. The highest value of 99.66 mg/100 g FM was obtained for ...
DOI:
10.17221/302/2012-cjfs

30. 'HoneySweet' - a transgenic Plum pox virus resistant plum - from laboratory and experimental field plots, to regulatory approval

Author:
Scorza, R.; Callahan, A.; Dardick, C.; Ravelonandro, M.; Cambra, M.; Zagrai, I.; Polak, J.; Malinowski, T.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.974 pp. 57-63
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Plum pox virus; cultivars; disease resistance; field experimentation; greenhouses; growers; laboratory experimentation; plums; research and development; transgenic plants; Europe; United States
Abstract:
... Over the past 20 years an intensive international research project has focused on the development of GE resistance to Plum pox virus (PPV), the causative agent of Sharka, one of the most destructive diseases of plum and other stone fruits. A result of this effort has been the development of 'HoneySweet' plum, a GE cultivar that has proven to be highly resistant to PPV, as demonstrated in over 15 y ...

31. 'Mles' and 'Draibina' wild populations of cactus pear in Khouribga area

Author:
Arba, M.; Sharoua, E.C.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.995 pp. 63-68
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Opuntia; ascorbic acid; cactus pears; color; cultivars; flowers; fruits; juices; pH; pulp; seeds; titratable acidity; Morocco
Abstract:
... In the genus Opuntia, many species and cultivars with edible fruits are described in the world and some are described in Morocco. The aim of this work was to characterize the populations of cactus pear which exist in Khouribga area. Description of plants and their organs allowed us to distinguish between two groups of plants: a thorny one which is called 'Draibina' and a spineless one which is nam ...

32. 'Primval' and 'Natval' - new hazelnut selections for industry

Author:
Vicol, A.; Botu, M.; Botu, I.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.981 pp. 197-200
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
breeding; cultivars; flowering; fruit growing; fruits; genotype; hazelnuts; industry; open pollination; seeds; suckering; trees; vigor; Romania
Abstract:
... Hazelnut culture is starting to extend in Romania due to the favorable ecological conditions. A hazelnut breeding program for table and industry cultivars started 30 years ago and it is still continuing at Fruit Growing Research – Extension Station (SCDP) Vâlcea. Two new selections for industry are homologated and are included in the Official List of Cultivars from Romania: ‘Primval’ (‘Merveille d ...

33. 'Rosalina' - a new bicolor cherry cultivar

Author:
Zhivondov, A.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.981 pp. 201-203
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
acidity; cherries; color; cracking; cultivars; dried fruit; hybrids; irrigated conditions; juices; mesocarp; new variety; open pollination; rain; trees; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... The specific goal of the selection program of the Fruit Growing Institute in Bulgaria is creation of bicolor cherry cultivars. The first successful results in that direction are ‘Rosita’ and ‘Rosalina’ cultivars, officially recognized in 2009. ‘Rosalina’ cultivar is established by selection of hybrids, obtained as a result of open pollination of ‘Van’ cultivar. The fruits ripe one week before Van` ...

34. 'SPC207' (Starblush(TM)): a new blush sweet cherry from summerland

Author:
Hampson, C.R.; Kappel, F.; MacDonald, R.; McKenzie, D.L.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.976 pp. 129-132
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Prunus avium; cherries; cultivars; flavor; growth habit; harvest date; stems; trees
Abstract:
... 'SPC207' (Starblush) is a large-fruited, self-fertile blush cherry that ripens later than 'Rainier', '13N0770' (Stardust) or 'Lapins'. The fruit is heart-shaped, with medium to long stems, and firm flesh. The trees are vigorous and somewhat upright in growth habit. In our tests 'SPC207' had low levels of natural (rain-induced) splitting. Crop levels are medium to high. Flavour is medium to good af ...

35. 'Zahdi' dates skin as a source of proanthocyanidin

Author:
Al-Abid, M.M.R.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.1012 pp. 127-134
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
acetone; color; cultivars; cyanidin; epicatechin; freeze drying; hydrochloric acid; molecular weight; nickel; petroleum; solvents; spectroscopy; sugars
Abstract:
... The present work investigates the location and structure of date’s proanthocyanidin. Sugar free skin of ‘Zahdi’ date cultivar obtained through dewaxing by organic solvents (petroleum ether and diethyl ether) has been extracted by acetone and water; 50:50 and 70:30. The hygroscopic brownish lyophilized extract gave the typical cyanidin chloride red color (λmax MeOH/HCl=535 nm, PC R(f) value=0.49 in ...

36. (+)-Episesamin inhibits adipogenesis and exerts anti-inflammatory effects in 3T3-L1 (pre)adipocytes by sustained Wnt signaling, down-regulation of PPARγ and induction of iNOS

Author:
Christian Freise; Wolfram Trowitzsch-Kienast; Ulrike Erben; Daniel Seehofer; Ki Young Kim; Martin Zeitz; Martin Ruehl; Rajan Somasundaram
Source:
Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2013 v.24 pp. 550-555
ISSN:
0955-2863
Subject:
Lindera; Oriental traditional medicine; adipocytes; anti-inflammatory activity; droplets; drugs; enzymes; green tea; inflammation; inhibitory concentration 50; interleukin-6; lipogenesis; liver; necrosis; obesity; phosphorylation; polyphenols; protein synthesis; risk; secretion; spices
Abstract:
... Obesity and its associated health risks still demand for effective therapeutic strategies. Drugs and compositions derived from Oriental medicine such as green tea polyphenols attract growing attention. Previously, an extract from the Japanese spice bush Lindera obtusiloba (L. obtusiloba) traditionally used for treatment of inflammation and prevention of liver damage was shown to inhibit adipogenes ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.02.004
PubMed:
22818712

37. (+)-Laburnamine, a Natural Selective Ligand and Partial Agonist for the α4β2 Nicotinic Receptor Subtype

Author:
Tasso Bruno; Novelli Federica; Sparatore Fabio; Fasoli Francesca; Gotti Cecilia
Source:
Journal of natural products 2013 v.76 no.4 pp. 727-731
ISSN:
1520-6025
Subject:
Laburnum anagyroides; agonists; ligands; median effective concentration; nicotine; nicotinic receptors; seeds; tritium
Abstract:
... (+)-Laburnamine (1), a rare alkaloid extracted from Laburnum anagyroides seeds (∼4 mg from 1 kg), was shown to bind with high affinity (Kᵢ, 293 nM) to the α4β2 nicotinic receptor subtype, which is, respectively, 126 and 136 times higher than to the α3β4 (Kᵢ 37 μM) and α7 subtypes (Kᵢ 40 μM). When its ability to release [³H]-dopamine from striatal slices was tested in a functional assay, compound 1 ...
DOI:
10.1021/np3007028

38. (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate amplifies interleukin-1-stimulated interleukin-6 synthesis in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells

Author:
Gen Kuroyanagi; Takanobu Otsuka; Akira Kondo; Rie Matsushima-Nishiwaki; Jun Mizutani; Osamu Kozawa; Haruhiko Tokuda
Source:
Biochimie 2013 v.95 pp. 1933-1938
ISSN:
0300-9084
Subject:
AMP-activated protein kinase; bioactive properties; bone metabolism; catechin; dose response; interleukin-1; interleukin-6; messenger RNA; mitogen-activated protein kinase; osteoblasts; phosphorylation; transcription factor NF-kappa B
Abstract:
... We previously reported that interleukin-1 (IL-1), a potent bone resorptive cytokine, stimulates the synthesis of interleukin-6 (IL-6) via activation of p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and p38 MAP kinase in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells, and that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) negatively regulates the IL-1-induced IL-6 synthesis through the inhibitor of κB (IκB)/nuclear factor- ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biochi.2013.07.001

39. (111)-Oriented Co0.8Fe 2.2O 4+δ thin film grown by pulsed laser deposition: structural and magnetic properties

Author:
M. Khodaei; S. A. Seyyed Ebrahimi; Yong Jun Park; Sun Hee Choi; CheolGi Kim; Junwoo Son; Sunggi Baik
Source:
Journal of materials science 2013 v.48 no.20 pp. 6960-6969
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
X-radiation; absorption; iron; magnetic properties; oxygen; surface roughness
Abstract:
... The perfect (111)-oriented Co₀.₈Fe₂.₂O₄₊δ thin films were grown on Pt(111)/Si substrate by pulsed laser deposition technique. Co₀.₈Fe₂.₂O₄₊δ film grown at oxygen pressure of 10 mTorr (optimum condition) has the highest (111)-orientation degree, the lowest surface roughness, uniformly compacted nanosize grain-feature structure (50–80 nm), and the highest magnetization. The Fe K-edge X-ray absorptio ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-013-7504-5

40. (1→3)-β-d-Glucan reduces the damages caused by reactive oxygen species induced in human platelets by lipopolysaccharides

Author:
Joanna Saluk; Michał Bijak; Michał Błażej Ponczek; Paweł Nowak; Barbara Wachowicz
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2013 v.97 no.2 pp. 716-724
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
septic shock; disseminated intravascular coagulation; lipopolysaccharides; humans; molecular models; reactive oxygen species; blood platelets; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; stroke; platelet activation; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; antioxidant activity; oxidative stress; Escherichia coli
Abstract:
... LPS (lipopolysaccharide) induces platelet activation and is a well-known fundamental agent of septic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Biological activity of (1→3)-β-d-glucan is related due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. We focus our attention on the (1→3)-β-d-glucan (antiplatelet) properties.The main purpose of our study was to evaluate the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.05.054

41. (24S)-Ergostane-3β,5α,6β-triol from Hedyotis chrysotricha with inhibitory activity on migration of SK-HEP-1 human hepatocarcinoma cells

Author:
Miao Ye; Jing-Jing Su; Shu-Ting Liu; Lei Cao; Juan Xiong; Yun Zhao; Hui Fan; Guo-Xun Yang; Gang Xia; Jin-Feng Hu
Source:
Natural product research 2013 v.27 no.12 pp. 1136-1140
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
Hedyotis; antineoplastic agents; apoptosis; cytotoxicity; fractionation; humans; methanol; screening
Abstract:
... The methanol extract of the whole plant of Hedyotis chrysotricha demonstrated cytotoxicity against SK-HEP-1 human hepatocarcinoma cells in a primary screening for novel antitumour agents. Bioassay-guided fractionation and purification led to an active principle (24S)-ergostane-3β,5α,6β-triol (1) along with four inactive compounds (2–5). The in vitro transwell migration assay showed that compound 1 ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2012.715290

42. A (3 + 3)-Dimensional “Hypercubic” Oxide-Ionic Conductor: Type II Bi2O3–Nb2O5

Author:
Ling Chris D.; Schmid Siegbert; Blanchard Peter E. R.; Petříček Vaclav; McIntyre Garry J.; Sharma Neeraj; Maljuk Andrey; Yaremchenko Aleksey A.; Kharton Vladislav V.; Gutmann Matthias; Withers Ray L.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2013 v.135 no.17 pp. 6477-6484
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; ambient temperature; bismuth; transition elements
Abstract:
... The high-temperature cubic form of bismuth oxide, δ-Bi₂O₃, is the best intermediate-temperature oxide-ionic conductor known. The most elegant way of stabilizing δ-Bi₂O₃ to room temperature, while preserving a large part of its conductivity, is by doping with higher valent transition metals to create wide solid-solutions fields with exceedingly rare and complex (3 + 3)-dimensional incommensurately ...
DOI:
10.1021/ja3109328

43. (3-glycidoxypropyl) Trimethoxy silane induced switchable zwitterionic membrane with high protein capture and separation properties

Author:
Tina Chakrabarty; Vinod K. Shahi
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2013 v.444 no. pp. 77-86
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; butanes; crosslinking; fouling; pH; permeability; proteins; silica; zwitterions
Abstract:
... Zwitterionic (ZI) membranes are well known for their super-low fouling behaviour during protein separation with high resolution. Zwitterionic ultrafilter membrane (ZI-UFM) with controllable acidic-alkaline charge density and pore-size was prepared by the sol–gel followed by formal cross-linking. Synthesis of ZI silica precursor (SP) has been reported by epoxide ring-opening reaction by (3-glycidox ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2013.05.018

44. (6R,10S)-Pallantione: The First Ketone Identified as Sex Pheromone in Stink Bugs

Author:
Fávaro Carla F.; Soldi Rafael A.; Ando Tetsu; Aldrich Jeffrey R.; Zarbin Paulo H. G.
Source:
Organic letters 2013 v.15 no.8 pp. 1822-1825
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
Pentatomidae; bioactive properties; chemical reactions; chemical structure; organic compounds; sex pheromones; soybeans; synthetic pheromones
Abstract:
... This work describes the structural elucidation of the sex pheromone of the soybean stink bug, Pallantia macunaima. The biological activity of the synthetic pheromone was demonstrated by behavioral and EAD experiments. Furthermore, the absolute configuration of the natural pheromone was determined as (6R,10S)-6,10,13-trimethyltetradecan-2-one. This is the first ketone identified as a male-produced ...
DOI:
10.1021/ol400413w

45. (A)symmetry, (Non)linearity and Hysteresis of Pricing-To-Market: Evidence from German Sugar Confectionery Exports

Author:
Svetlana Fedoseeva
Source:
Journal of agricultural & food industrial organization 2013 v.11 no.1 pp. 69-85
ISSN:
1542-0485
Subject:
consumers (people); exports; prices; sugars; sweets; world markets; Germany
Abstract:
... Pricing-to-market (PTM) is often reported to be adopted by exporters, who have invested in their presence on international markets and are interested in keeping and developing their market shares. Then, a markup adjustment is used to partially offset changes of the exchange rate, which are unfavorable for their foreign customers, in order to keep the price level in the importer’s currency relative ...
DOI:
10.1515/jafio-2013-0003

46. (Anti)aromaticity of dehydroannulenes of various ring size proved by the ring current effect in 1H NMR spectra

Author:
Erich Kleinpeter; Andreas Koch
Source:
Tetrahedron 2013 v.69 pp. 1481-1488
ISSN:
0040-4020
Subject:
chemical reactions; chemical structure; magnetic properties; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; organic compounds; protons
Abstract:
... The spatial magnetic properties (Through-Space NMR Shieldings—TSNMRS) of already synthesized dehydro[n]annulenes of various ring size (from C12 to C20) have been computed, visualized as Isochemical Shielding Surfaces (ICSS) of various size and direction, and were examined subject to present (anti)aromaticity. For this purpose the thus quantified ring current effect of the macro cycles on proximate ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tet.2012.12.019

47. (Bio)-synthesis of Au NPs from soy isoflavone extracts as a novel assessment tool of their antioxidant capacity

Author:
Diana Vilela; María Cristina González; Alberto Escarpa
Source:
RSC advances 2013 v.4 no.6 pp. 3075-3081
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
absorption; antioxidant activity; biosynthesis; daidzein; daidzin; genistein; genistin; glycosides; nanogold; phenolic compounds
Abstract:
... In this work, (bio)-synthesis of Au NPs using selected isoflavone classes has been studied. To this end, relevant aglycones (genistein and daidzein) and their glycosides (genistin and daidzin) as well as complex soy-extracts with a well-documented composition have been explored. A sigmoidal curve described the (bio)-synthesis of Au NPs which was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity and to car ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3ra45180a

48. (Cr1−x Al x)N as a candidate for corrosion protection in high temperature segments of CCS plants

Author:
W. Garkas; S. Weiß; Q. M. Wang
Source:
Environmental earth sciences 2013 v.70 no.8 pp. 3761-3770
ISSN:
1866-6280
Subject:
X-radiation; air; aluminum; coatings; corrosion; energy; nickel; oxidation; spraying; temperature
Abstract:
... Three (Cr₁₋ₓ Al ₓ)N (x = 0.33, 0.5, 0.66) coatings were deposited on Ni-super alloy IN718 using reactive magnetron sputtering. The oxidation behavior of all coatings at 900 °C up to 500 h in air was studied. Furthermore, the corrosion behavior of the (Cr₀.₃₃,Al₀.₆₆)N coating at 900 °C (corrosion type I) by spraying a uniform salt scale of Na₂SO₄ on the sample surface (1 mg/cm²) was investigated. I ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12665-013-2646-y

49. (De)Lithiation Mechanism of Li/SeSx (x = 0–7) Batteries Determined by in Situ Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Author:
Cui Yanjie; Abouimrane Ali; Lu Jun; Bolin Trudy; Ren Yang; Weng Wei; Sun Chengjun; Maroni Victor A.; Heald Steve M.; Amine Khalil
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2013 v.135 no.21 pp. 8047-8056
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; batteries; composite materials; dielectric spectroscopy; electrodes; electrolytes; energy; lithium; phase transition; selenium; transportation
Abstract:
... Electrical energy storage for transportation has gone beyond the limit of converntional lithium ion batteries currently. New material or new battery system development is an alternative approach to achieve the goal of new high-energy storage system with energy densities 5 times or more greater. A series of SeSₓ–carbon (x = 0–7) composite materials has been prepared and evaluated as the positive el ...
DOI:
10.1021/ja402597g

50. (De)Personalized Medicine

Author:
Ralph I. Horwitz; Mark R. Cullen; Jill Abell; Jennifer B. Christian
Source:
Science 2013 v.339 no.6124 pp. 1155-1156
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
medicine; patients
Abstract:
... Personalized medicine is often described as genomics-based knowledge that "promises the ability to approach each patient as the biological individual he or she is" (1). This is an appealing description, yet unless clinical, social, and environmental features that affect the outcomes of disease are also incorporated, the current approach may be carving a path to "depersonalized" medicine, both in i ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1234106

51. (De)legitimising hunting – Discourses over the morality of hunting in Europe and eastern Africa

Author:
Anke Fischer; Vesna Kereži; Beatriz Arroyo; Miguel Mateos-Delibes; Degu Tadie; Asanterabi Lowassa; Olve Krange; Ketil Skogen
Source:
Land use policy 2013 v.32 pp. 261-270
ISSN:
0264-8377
Subject:
conflict management; environmental management; hunters; interviews; wildlife management; Eastern European region
Abstract:
... Hunting is an activity that appears to provoke – often immediate and strongly pronounced – moral assessments, i.e., judgments of what is ‘right’ or ‘wrong’. A large body of literature explores these moral arguments, often from a philosophical or normative perspective, focusing on specific types of hunting. However, studies that ground such explorations in empirical, systematically analysed, yet co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.11.002

52. (E)-3-Halo-2-styryl-4H-chromen-4-ones: synthesis and transformation to novel pyrazoles

Author:
Joana P.A. Ferreira; Vera L.M. Silva; José Elguero; Artur M.S. Silva
Source:
Tetrahedron 2013 v.69 pp. 9701-9709
ISSN:
0040-4020
Subject:
acid hydrolysis; chemical structure; hydrazine; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pyrazoles; reaction mechanisms
Abstract:
... New methods for the synthesis of (E)-3-halo-2-styryl-4H-chromen-4-ones were established. The reaction of these compounds with hydrazine hydrate afforded new and unexpected 3(5)-aryl-5(3)-[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-hydrazonoethyl]-1H-pyrazoles, which upon acid hydrolysis gave 3(5)-aryl-5(3)-[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-1H-pyrazoles. The reaction mechanisms for these transformations, involving 1,6- ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tet.2013.09.028

53. (E)-5-Hexadecenyl Acetate: A Novel Moth Sex Pheromone Component From Stathmopoda auriferella

Author:
Chang Yeol Yang; Kyung San Choi; Myoung Rae Cho
Source:
Journal of chemical ecology 2013 v.39 no.4 pp. 555-558
ISSN:
0098-0331
Subject:
kiwifruit; males; moths; orchards; pests; sex pheromones; spectral analysis; virgin females; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... The sex pheromone of Stathmopoda auriferella (Walker), an important pest of kiwifruit in Korea, was studied. Two candidate pheromone components detected in the gland extracts of females were identified as (E)-5-hexadecenyl acetate (E5-16:OAc) and (E)-5-hexadecenol (E5-16:OH) in a ratio of 75:25 by mass spectral analysis of natural pheromone components and dimethyldisulfide adducts, and retention i ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10886-013-0269-0
PubMed:
23483347

54. (E)-β-Borylstyrene in the Diels–Alder Reaction with 3,5-Dibromo-2-pyrone for the Syntheses of (±)-1-epi-Pancratistatin and (±)- Pancratistatin

Author:
Cho Hyun-Kyu; Lim Hwa-Yeon; Cho Cheon-Gyu
Source:
Organic letters 2013 v.15 no.22 pp. 5806-5809
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
chemical reactions; moieties; organic compounds
Abstract:
... New synthetic routes to (±)-1-epi-pancratistatin and (±)-pancratistatin were devised using (E)-β-borylstyrene as a dienophile for the key Diels–Alder reaction with 3,5-dibromo-2-pyrone. The boronate in the cycloadduct was oxidized to provide the pivotal C1-hydroxyl group of the titled compounds. ...
DOI:
10.1021/ol4028623

55. (Eco)toxicity and biodegradability of selected protic and aprotic ionic liquids

Author:
Brezana Peric; Jordi Sierra; Esther Martí; Robert Cruañas; Maria Antonia Garau; Jürgen Arning; Ulrike Bottin-Weber; Stefan Stolte
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2013 v.261 pp. 99-105
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Lemna minor; Selenastrum capricornutum; Vibrio fischeri; acetylcholinesterase; amines; biodegradability; chlorides; environmental impact; hazard characterization; ionic liquids; leukemia; organic acids and salts; rats; toxicity
Abstract:
... Ionic liquids (ILs) are a promising group of compounds with a large variety of possible structures and uses. They are considered as a potential “green” replacement for traditional volatile organic solvents, but their impact on the environment is often neglected or not studied enough. In the present study, selected representatives of two ILs groups were analyzed: a new family of protic ILs (derived ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.06.070

56. (Flat)fish stocks in an ecosystem and evolutionary perspective

Author:
Filip A.M. Volckaert
Source:
Journal of sea research 2013 v.75 pp. 19-32
ISSN:
1385-1101
Subject:
climate; conservation areas; environmental factors; fish; genetic variation; genome; marine ecosystems; models; monitoring; pollution; population dynamics; population size
Abstract:
... The delineation of natural populations has many faces. While a stock relates to a management unit of organisms, the biological concept of a population may relate to a demographic/ecological perspective on interacting organisms or an evolving group of organisms. In addition, it has become increasingly clear that the time and spatial scales of the ecological and evolutionary population have much in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.seares.2012.06.011

57. (L)-(Trimethylsilyl)alanine synthesis exploiting hydroxypinanone-induced diastereoselective alkylation

Author:
A. René; N. Vanthuyne; J. Martinez; F. Cavelier
Source:
Amino acids 2013 v.45 no.2 pp. 301-307
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
alanine; alkylation; schiff bases
Abstract:
... A new and efficient synthesis of (L)-(trimethylsilyl)alanine (TMSAla) with suitable protection for use in Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS) has been accomplished starting from glycine tert-butyl ester and using hydroxypinanone as chiral inductor. The silylated side chain was introduced by alkylation of the Schiff base intermediate with iodomethyl(trimethylsilane) at −78 °C. Among the different ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-013-1492-2

58. (M)- and (P)-Bicelaphanol A, Dimeric Trinorditerpenes with Promising Neuroprotective Activity from Celastrus orbiculatus

Author:
Wang Luo-Yi; Wu Jian; Yang Zhuo; Wang Xu-Jie; Fu Yan; Liu Shuang-Zhu; Wang Hong-Min; Zhu Wei-Liang; Zhang Hai-Yan; Zhao Wei-Min
Source:
Journal of natural products 2013 v.76 no.4 pp. 745-749
ISSN:
1520-6025
Subject:
Celastrus orbiculatus; X-ray diffraction; bark; cell viability; hydrogen peroxide; neuroprotective effect; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... (M)-Bicelaphanol A (1) and (P)-bicelaphanol A (2), two unprecedented dimeric trinorditerpenes existing as atropisomers, together with their monomer celaphanol A (3), were isolated from the root bark of Celastrus orbiculatus. The structures and absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by spectroscopic and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Compound 1 exhibited a significant in vit ...
DOI:
10.1021/np3008182

59. (Micro)spectroscopic Analyses of Particle Size Dependence on Arsenic Distribution and Speciation in Mine Wastes

Author:
Kim C. S.; Chi C.; Miller S. R.; Rosales R. A.; Sugihara E. S.; Akau J.; Rytuba J. J.; Webb S. M.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2013 v.47 no.15 pp. 8164-8171
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
arsenic; bioavailability; chemical analysis; chemical speciation; ferrihydrite; fluorescence; goethite; iron; iron hydroxides; mine tailings; mining; particle size; prediction; sorption; spectral analysis; spectroscopy; toxicity; weathering; California
Abstract:
... The chemical speciation and distribution of potentially toxic metal(loid)s in mine wastes is critical to assessing the risks posed by these wastes and predicting the potential bioavailability of the metal(loid)s present. Of additional potential importance is the role of particle size in the fate, transport, and toxicity of contaminated mining materials. Spectroscopic analyses of size-separated min ...
DOI:
10.1021/es4010653

60. The (Not Completely Irreversible) Population of a Misfolded State of Cytochrome c under Folding Conditions

Author:
Soffer Jonathan B.; Fradkin Emma; Pandiscia Leah A.; Schweitzer-Stenner Reinhard
Source:
Biochemistry 2013 v.52 no.8 pp. 1397-1408
ISSN:
1520-4995
Subject:
circular dichroism spectroscopy; cytochrome c; gel electrophoresis; heart; heme iron; horses; isomers; pH; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... This paper reports the discovery of a (meta)stable partially unfolded state of horse heart ferricytochrome c that was obtained after exposing the protein to a solution with an alkaline pH of 11.5 for 1 week. Thereafter, the protein did not undergo any detectable change in its secondary and tertiary structure upon adjusting the solution to folding promoting conditions at neutral pH. Spectroscopic d ...
DOI:
10.1021/bi301586e

61. (Oligo)mannose functionalized hydroxyethyl starch nanocapsules: en route to drug delivery systems with targeting properties

Author:
Hélène Freichels; Manfred Wagner; Patricia Okwieka; Ralf Georg Meyer; Volker Mailänder; Katharina Landfester; Anna Musyanovych
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry B 2013 v.1 no.34 pp. 4338-4348
ISSN:
2050-7518
Subject:
blood serum; crosslinking; dendritic cells; drug carriers; fluorescence; humans; hydrophilicity; in vitro studies; isothiocyanates; lectins; macrophages; mannose; nanocapsules; nanoemulsions; nanoparticles; starch
Abstract:
... Hydroxyethyl starch nanocapsules (NCs) are potentially interesting hydrophilic drug delivery carriers, since they do not show non-specific interactions with the living cells. Only the presence of a targeting agent on their surface allows them to target specifically the desired site of action. In this paper, we report the synthesis and cell uptake of crosslinked hydroxyethyl starch (HES) NCs decora ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3tb20138d

62. (Photo)oxidative degradation and stabilization of flame retarded polymers

Author:
Rudolf Pfaendner
Source:
Polymer degradation and stability 2013 v.98 no.12 pp. 2430-2435
ISSN:
0141-3910
Subject:
antioxidants; flame retardants; nanocomposites; oxidative stability; polymers; stabilizers
Abstract:
... Flame retarded polymer formulations are mainly used in long-term applications whereas antioxidants, light stabilizers and co-additives provide the requested lifetime of plastic materials. However many flame retardants influence the oxidative and photooxidative stability of polymers often in a negative way resulting in early failure and loss in value. Moreover insufficient (photo)oxidative stabilit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.07.005

63. (Photo-)Thermally Induced Formation of Dynamic Surface Topographies in Polymer Hydrogel Networks

Author:
Liu Danqing; Bastiaansen Cees W. M.; den Toonder Jaap M. J.; Broer Dirk J.
Source:
Langmuir 2013 v.29 no.18 pp. 5622-5629
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
coatings; crosslinking; heat; hydrogels; oxides; polymers; solubility; temperature
Abstract:
... In this Article, we report on our approaches to creating responsive hydrogel coatings with surfaces that can be switched between a close to flat state and a state with a predesigned topographic pattern. The trigger is either temperature or, indirectly, light. The hydrogel coatings are based on the known thermal responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) utilizing its solubility change at its lower cri ...
DOI:
10.1021/la4005906

64. (Poly)Combing the Pediatric Cancer Genome for Answers

Author:
Marc Alard Morgan; Ali Shilatifard
Source:
Science 2013 v.340 no.6134 pp. 823-824
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
biochemical pathways; brain stem; childhood; gene expression; histones; human diseases; mutants; mutation; pathogenesis; regulator genes; sequence analysis
Abstract:
... The rapid expansion of high-through-put DNA sequencing now enables the genetic analysis of human diseases at an unprecedented rate and resolution. In particular, whole-genome sequencing of rare childhood diseases promises fundamental insight into basic developmental processes and biochemical pathways (1). Indeed, this approach has identified the first mutations in histones—proteins that package DN ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1239223

65. (Post-) Genomic approaches to tackle drug resistance in Leishmania

Author:
MAYA BERG; AN MANNAERT; MANU VANAERSCHOT; GERT VAN DER AUWERA; JEAN-CLAUDE DUJARDIN; Eileen Devaney
Source:
Parasitology 2013 v.140 no.12 pp. 1492-1505
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Leishmania; at-risk population; drug resistance; drugs; genes; genomics; leishmaniasis; metabolomics; patients; phenotype
Abstract:
... Leishmaniasis, like other neglected diseases is characterized by a small arsenal of drugs for its control. To safeguard the efficacy of current drugs and guide the development of new ones it is thus of utmost importance to acquire a deep understanding of the phenomenon of drug resistance and its link with treatment outcome. We discuss here how (post-)genomic approaches may contribute to this purpo ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182013000140
PubMed:
23480865

66. (Pro)renin receptor and insulin resistance: Possible roles of angiotensin II-dependent and -independent pathways

Author:
Kazi Rafiq; Hirohito Mori; Tsutomu Masaki; Akira Nishiyama
Source:
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2013 v.378 pp. 41-45
ISSN:
0303-7207
Subject:
adipose tissue; angiotensin II; animal models; diabetes; gene overexpression; genes; genetically modified organisms; glucose; humans; hypertension; insulin resistance; pathogenesis; pathophysiology; rats; renin; skeletal muscle
Abstract:
... A growing body of evidence has suggested the potential role of (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal injuries during the development of hypertension and diabetes. However, there is very little information on the contribution of (P)RR to the pathophysiology of insulin resistance. In this regard, our preliminary data showed that the development of insulin resist ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mce.2012.05.016

67. (Pseudo-)Symmetrical Transport

Author:
Lucy R. Forrest
Source:
Science 2013 v.339 no.6118 pp. 399-401
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
binding sites; cell membranes; nutrients; toxins; transporters
Abstract:
... Most walls incorporate some way of getting through them, such as a gate, a revolving door, or an airlock. The airlock concept is also used in moving cargo across cell membranes, for example, for intake of nutrients or expulsion of toxins, which is often an uphill battle against a concentration gradient. Nature fights this battle using membrane-embedded proteins called transporters. These proteins ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1228465

68. (Quasi-) 2D Aggregation of Polystyrene-b-Dextran at the Air–Water Interface

Author:
Bosker Wouter T. E.; Cohen Stuart Martien A.; Norde Willem
Source:
Langmuir 2013 v.29 no.8 pp. 2667-2675
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
brushes; composite polymers; desorption; dextran; ethylene oxide; hydrogen bonding; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; hysteresis; micelles; surfactants; van der Waals forces
Abstract:
... Polystyrene-b-dextran (PS-b-Dextran) copolymers can be used to prepare dextran brushes at solid surfaces, applying Langmuir–Blodgett deposition. When recording the interfacial pressure versus area isotherms of a PS-b-Dextran monolayer, time-dependent hysteresis was observed upon compression and expansion. We argue that this is due to (quasi-) 2D aggregation of the copolymer at the air–water surfac ...
DOI:
10.1021/la304797r

69. The (R)-enantiomer of CE3F4 is a preferential inhibitor of human exchange protein directly activated by cyclic AMP isoform 1 (Epac1)

Author:
Delphine Courilleau; Pascal Bouyssou; Rodolphe Fischmeister; Frank Lezoualc’h; Jean-Paul Blondeau
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2013 v.440 pp. 443-448
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
agonists; antagonists; cultured cells; cyclic AMP; humans; regulatory proteins
Abstract:
... Isoform 1 and isoform 2 of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac1 and Epac2) contribute to cAMP signaling in numerous cellular processes. Their guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity toward the small GTP-binding protein Rap1 is stimulated by the agonist cAMP. CE3F4, a tetrahydroquinoline analog, prevents Epac1 activation in vitro and in living cultured cells by inhibiting th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.09.107

70. (R)-nicotine biosynthesis, metabolism and translocation in tobacco as determined by nicotine demethylase mutants

Author:
Bin Cai; Anne M. Jack; Ramsey S. Lewis; Ralph E. Dewey; Lowell P. Bush
Source:
Phytochemistry 2013 v.95 pp. 188-196
ISSN:
0031-9422
Subject:
biosynthesis; enantiomers; leaves; mutants; nicotine; nornicotine; roots; rootstocks; scions; tobacco
Abstract:
... Nicotine is a chiral compound and consequently exists as two enantiomers. Since (R)-nicotine consists of less than 0.5% of total nicotine pool in tobacco, few investigations relating to (R)-nicotine have been reported. However, previous studies of nicotine demethylases suggested there was substantial amount of (R)-nicotine at synthesis in the tobacco plant. In this study, the accumulation and tran ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.06.012
PubMed:
23849545

71. (S)-1-(4-Dimethylaminophenylcarbonyl)-3-aminopyrrolidine: A derivatization reagent for enantiomeric separation and sensitive detection of chiral carboxylic acids by LC/ESI-MS/MS

Author:
Shoujiro Ogawa; Hiroaki Tadokoro; Maho Sato; Takehisa Hanawa; Tatsuya Higashi
Source:
Journal of Chromatography B 2013 v.940 pp. 7-14
ISSN:
1570-0232
Subject:
ambient temperature; carboxylic acids; derivatization; detection limit; electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; humans; ibuprofen; liquid chromatography; monitoring; saliva; tandem mass spectrometry
Abstract:
... A novel derivatization reagent, (S)-1-(4-dimethylaminophenylcarbonyl)-3-aminopyrrolidine (1-DAPAP), was developed for increasing the detection sensitivity and enantiomeric separation of chiral carboxylic acids by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS). 1-DAPAP reacted with carboxylic acids at room temperature within 5min in the presence of 4-(4,6-dime ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.09.025

72. (S)-Selective MenD variants from Escherichia coli provide access to new functionalized chiral α-hydroxy ketones

Author:
Robert Westphal; Simon Waltzer; Ursula Mackfeld; Michael Widmann; Jürgen Pleiss; Maryam Beigi; Michael Müller; Dörte Rother; Martina Pohl
Source:
Chemical communications 2013 v.49 no.20 pp. 2061-2063
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
Escherichia coli; active sites; amino acids; chemical communication; chemical reactions; ketones; mutation; stereoselectivity
Abstract:
... We report the first rationally designed (S)-selective MenD from E. coli for the synthesis of functionalized α-hydroxy ketones. By mutation of two amino acids in the active site stereoselectivity of the (R)-selective EcMenD (ee > 93%) was inverted giving access to (S)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-5-phenylpentanoate derivatives with stereoselectivities up to 97% ee. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3cc38607d

73. A (Science-Based) Poor Kids' Manifesto

Author:
Samuel Bowles
Source:
Science 2013 v.340 no.6136 pp. 1044-1045
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
low-income neighborhoods; poverty; youth
Abstract:
... Heckman and 11 responders debate the ability of early interventions to improve the lot of individuals born into disadvantage. ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1239638

74. The (TTTA) n polymorphism in intron 4 of CYP19 and the polycystic ovary syndrome risk in a Chinese population

Author:
P. Xu; X. L. Zhang; G. B. Xie; C. W. Zhang; S. M. Shen; X. X. Zhang; Y. X. Cao; W. J. Wang; Y. N. Che; Y. J. Xia; X. K. Wu; L. Yi; Q. Gao; Y. Wang
Source:
Molecular biology reports 2013 v.40 no.8 pp. 5041-5047
ISSN:
0301-4851
Subject:
DNA; alleles; animal ovaries; blood serum; capillary electrophoresis; case-control studies; genotype; introns; microsatellite repeats; patients; polycystic ovary syndrome; polymerase chain reaction; risk; steroid hormones
Abstract:
... Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disease with a strong genetic origin, but the specific determinants are still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the (TTTA) ₙ polymorphism in intron 4 of CYP19 and the PCOS risk in a Chinese population. We performed a case–control study which involved 222 PCOS patients and 281 controls. The fluorescent-label ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11033-013-2605-4

75. (Z)-4-Bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-3-methylfuran-2(5H)-one sensitizes Escherichia coli persister cells to antibiotics

Author:
Jiachuan Pan; Xin Xie; Wang Tian; Ali Adem Bahar; Nan Lin; Fangchao Song; Jing An; Dacheng Ren
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2013 v.97 no.20 pp. 9145-9154
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Escherichia coli; antibiotics; biofilm; cytotoxicity; genes; mice; multiple drug resistance; mutants; ofloxacin; pH; quorum sensing
Abstract:
... Persisters are a small subpopulation of bacterial cells that are dormant and extremely tolerant to antibiotics. The intrinsic antibiotic tolerance of persisters also facilitates the development of multidrug resistance through acquired mechanisms based on drug resistance genes. In this study, we demonstrate that (Z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-3-methylfuran-2(5H)-one (BF8) can reduce persistence dur ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-013-5185-2
PubMed:
24006079

76. (p)ppGpp Controls Bacterial Persistence by Stochastic Induction of Toxin-Antitoxin Activity

Author:
Etienne Maisonneuve; Manuela Castro-Camargo; Kenn Gerdes
Source:
Cell 2013 v.154 pp. 1140-1150
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
Escherichia coli; bacteria; loci; phenotype; population; proteinases
Abstract:
... Persistence refers to the phenomenon in which isogenic populations of antibiotic-sensitive bacteria produce rare cells that transiently become multidrug tolerant. Whether slow growth in a rare subset of cells underlies the persistence phenotype has not be examined in wild-type bacteria. Here, we show that an exponentially growing population of wild-type Escherichia coli cells produces rare cells t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2013.07.048

77. (pGlu-Gln)-CCK-8[mPEG]: A novel, long-acting, mini-PEGylated cholecystokinin (CCK) agonist that improves metabolic status in dietary-induced diabetes

Author:
Nigel Irwin; Pamela Frizelle; Finbarr P.M. O'Harte; Peter R. Flatt
Source:
BBA - General Subjects 2013 v.1830 pp. 4009-4016
ISSN:
0304-4165
Subject:
agonists; bioactive properties; body weight changes; cholecystokinin; diabetes; food intake; gastrointestinal system; glucose; glucose tolerance; insulin; insulin resistance; liver; mice; muscles; satiety; triacylglycerols
Abstract:
... Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a gastrointestinal hormone that has been proposed as a potential therapeutic option for obesity–diabetes. As such, (pGlu-Gln)-CCK-8 is an N-terminally modified CCK-8 analogue with improved biological effectiveness over the native peptide.The current study has examined the in vitro stability, biological activity and in vivo therapeutic applicability of a novel second genera ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.04.004

78. ( − )-Arctigenin as a lead compound for anticancer agent

Author:
Gui-Rong Chen; Hong-Fu Li; De-Qiang Dou; Yu-Bin Xu; Hong-Shuai Jiang; Fu-Rui Li; Ting-Guo Kang
Source:
Natural product research 2013 v.27 no.23 pp. 2251-2255
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
antineoplastic agents; bioactive properties; medicine
Abstract:
... (−)-Arctigenin, an important active constituent of the traditional Chinese herb Fructus Arctii, was found to exhibit various bioactivities, so it can be used as a good lead compound for further structure modification in order to find a safer and more potent medicine. (−)-Arctigenin derivatives 1 – 5 of (−)-arctingen were obtained by modifying with ammonolysis at the lactone ring and sulphonylation ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2013.821120

79. (±)-CSA catalyzed Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indoles with 3-ethoxycarbonyl-3-hydoxyisoindolin-1-one: an easy access of 3-ethoxycarbonyl-3-indolylisoindolin-1-ones bearing a quaternary α-amino acid moiety

Author:
Anvita Srivastava; Shivendra Singh; Sampak Samanta
Source:
Tetrahedron letters 2013 v.54 pp. 1444-1448
ISSN:
0040-4039
Subject:
alkylation; amino acids; carbon; chemical structure; indoles; synthesis; temperature
Abstract:
... For the first time, a very simple, efficient, mild, catalytic, and one-step procedure for the synthesis of a series of new 3-ethoxycarbonyl-3-indolylsubstituted-isoindol-1-one derivatives has been achieved via a Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indoles with 3-hydroxy-3-ethoxycarbonylisoindolin-1-one at room temperature using easily available inexpensive camphor-10-sulfonic acid as an organocatalyst. T ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.01.010

80. (−) Epicatechin attenuates mitochondrial damage by enhancing mitochondrial multi-marker enzymes, adenosine triphosphate and lowering calcium in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarcted rats

Author:
P. Stanely Mainzen Prince
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2013 v.53 pp. 409-416
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
adenosine triphosphate; alpha-ketoglutaric acid; body weight; calcium; cytochrome-c oxidase; electron transport chain; epicatechin; free radical scavengers; glutathione; glutathione peroxidase; glutathione-disulfide reductase; heart; hydroxyl radicals; in vitro studies; lipid peroxidation; malates; mitochondria; myocardial infarction; protective effect; rats; succinic acid; toxicology; tricarboxylic acid cycle
Abstract:
... Cardiac mitochondrial damage plays an important role in the pathology of myocardial infarction. The protective effects of (−) epicatechin on cardiac mitochondrial damage in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction were evaluated in rats. Rats were pretreated with (−) epicatechin (20mg/kg body weight) daily for a period of 21days. After the pretreatment period, isoproterenol (100mg/kg body weigh ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2012.12.010

81. (−)-Astrogorgiadiol: a shorter route to A-ring synthon

Author:
Guillaume Médard
Source:
Tetrahedron 2013 v.69 pp. 2348-2351
ISSN:
0040-4020
Subject:
bromine; chemical reactions; chemical structure; organic compounds
Abstract:
... A new route to the key A-ring/C-ring precursor synthon of (−)-astrogorgiadiol is described, for the strategy based on Robinson annulation. This synthon is also key for the synthesis of other related calicoferols and astrogorgols. The route takes full advantage of the opening of 6-methoxy-1-tetralol with bis(sym-collidine) bromine(I) triflate. It involves a new protection–deprotection sequence of a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tet.2012.12.087

82. (−)-Carvone: Antispasmodic effect and mode of action

Author:
Fábia Valéria M. Souza; Marcelly Barbosa da Rocha; Damião P. de Souza; Rosilene Moretti Marçal
Source:
Fitoterapia 2013 v.85 no. pp. 20-24
ISSN:
0367-326X
Subject:
Mentha spicata subsp. spicata; calcium channels; carbachol; flavor; guinea pigs; histamine; ileum; mechanism of action; monoterpenoids; odors; potassium; smooth muscle; spearmint oil; verapamil
Abstract:
... (−)-Carvone is a monoterpene ketone found in spearmint (Mentha spicata var. crispa) essential oil that is widely used as an odor and flavor additive. An intestinal antispasmodic effect was recently reported for (−)-carvone, and it has been shown to be more potent than its (+)-antipode. The mechanism of (−)-carvone action in the intestines has not been investigated. To gain a better understanding o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fitote.2012.10.012

83. (−)-Epicatechin gallate prevents alkali-salt mediated fibrillogenesis of hen egg white lysozyme

Author:
Sudeshna Ghosh; Nitin K. Pandey; Swagata Dasgupta
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2013 v.54 no. pp. 90-98
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
amyloid; autoxidation; egg albumen; fluorescence; free radical scavengers; green tea; hens; hydrophobic bonding; lysozyme; polyphenols; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Green tea polyphenols (GTPs) are found to be potent inhibitors of amyloid fibril formation. We report the effective inhibitory property of (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) during the alkali-salt induced fibrillogenesis of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) at 37°C. Spectroscopic techniques such as fluorescence, circular dichroism and microscopic images show that (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (−)-epicatechin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.11.031

84. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces apoptosis in human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells via ROS generation and p38 MAP kinase activation

Author:
Murli Manohar; Iram Fatima; Ruchi Saxena; Vishal Chandra; Pushp L. Sankhwar; Anila Dwivedi
Source:
Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2013 v.24 pp. 940-947
ISSN:
0955-2863
Subject:
adenocarcinoma; apoptosis; carcinogenesis; caspase-3; cell viability; dyes; gene expression regulation; glutathione; green tea; humans; iodides; mitogen-activated protein kinase; oxidative stress; progesterone; proliferating cell nuclear antigen; reactive oxygen species; transcription factors
Abstract:
... (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol in green tea, has been shown to inhibit carcinogenesis of various tumor types. The aim of this study was to elucidate the antiproliferative potential of EGCG and its mechanism in human endometrial cancer cells (Ishikawa cells) and primary endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. The antiproliferative effect of EGCG was evaluated by cell viabilit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.06.013

85. (−)-Epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) stabilize the mitochondrial enzymes and inhibits the apoptosis in cigarette smoke-induced myocardial dysfunction in rats

Author:
Gokulakrishnan Adikesavan; Magendira Mani Vinayagam; Liyakath Ali Abdulrahman; Thirunavukkarasu Chinnasamy
Source:
Molecular biology reports 2013 v.40 no.12 pp. 6533-6545
ISSN:
0301-4851
Subject:
antioxidants; apoptosis; caspase-3; cigarettes; cytochrome c; cytosol; electron microscopy; lipid peroxidation; metabolism; mitochondria; rats; tricarboxylic acid cycle
Abstract:
... The present study brings out the preventive role of (−)-epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) on cardiac mitochondrial metabolism and apoptosis in cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed rats. The CS-exposed rats showed significantly decreased activities of TCA cycle enzymes and mitochondrial enzymatic antioxidants, on the other hand, mitochondrial lipid peroxidation was increased and GSH level was decreased. Furt ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11033-013-2673-5

86. L( +)-Lactic acid production from furfural residues and corn kernels with treated yeast as nutrients

Author:
Yong Tang; Lingxi Bu; Jing He; Jianxin Jiang
Source:
European food research & technology 2013 v.236 no.2 pp. 365-371
ISSN:
1438-2377
Subject:
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus; Streptococcus thermophilus; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; cellulosic materials; corn; fermentation; furfural; heat treatment; nutrients; raw materials; saccharification; seeds; surface tension; yeasts
Abstract:
... In this study, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus were used to produce L(+)-lactic acid by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). The use of hydrolyzed yeast as cheap nutrients and mixtures of cellulosic materials and starchy materials as carbon source for L(+)-LA production was evaluated. Heat treatment (121 °C) was proven to be an effective method to improve t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00217-012-1865-x

87. 001 Milestones in cryobiology

Author:
Stanley Leibo
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 398
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
Nematoda; aqueous solutions; calves; children; cooling; cryopreservation; cryptobiosis; crystals; drying; embryo (animal); erythrocytes; fish; freezing; glycerol; helium; humans; ice; liquids; medicine; metabolism; mice; microorganisms; nitrogen; plants (botany); roosters; snow; spermatozoa; temperature; thawing; tissues; vitrification; Germany
Abstract:
... Cryobiology is a discipline that has its origins in experiments that were published exactly 350 years ago. In 1663, Henry Power, a British physician, reported that he had used a mixture of snow and salt to freeze nematodes. When he thawed the samples three hours later, he stated that “all my little Animals made their re-appearance and danced and frisked about as lively as ever.” Over the centuries ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.007

88. 002 Cryobiology in the future

Author:
Erik J. Woods; Herman B Wells
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 398
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
apoptosis; biophysics; cell differentiation; cold tolerance; cooling; corals; cryopreservation; cryoprotectants; energy metabolism; epigenetics; free radicals; freezing; genetic stability; humans; ice; ice nucleation; medicine; models; phenotype; prediction; primary energy; somatic cells; tissues; wildlife
Abstract:
... Enhanced understanding of biology coupled with raw computing power and improved technologies in the physical and chemical sciences has empowered cryobiologists as never before. These tools have led to many advances that have been based on fundamental understanding and application of the biophysics of cryobiology, and manipulating well described variables such as the type/concentration of cryoprote ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.008

89. 003 Radiofrequency heating of magnetic nanoparticle cryoprotectant solutions for improved cryopreservation protocols

Author:
Michael L. Etheridge; Yi Xu; Jeunghwan Choi; John C. Bischof
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 398-399
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
cooling; cracking; cryopreservation; cryoprotectants; dielectric properties; differential scanning calorimetry; freezing; glass transition; glycerol; heat production; iron; iron oxides; magnetism; models; nanoparticles; nitrogen; phosphates; radio waves; specific heat; temperature; thawing; thermocouples; tissues; vitrification
Abstract:
... While cryopreservation through vitrification holds great promise, practical application has been limited to smaller systems (cells and thin tissues) due to diffusive transfer and phase-change limitations, which are typically manifested as devitrification and cracking failures during thaw. Here we describe a new approach for rapidly and uniformly heating cryopreserved biospecimens with radiofrequen ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.009

90. 004 Peroxidation due to cryoprotectant treatment is a vital factor for cell survival in Arabidopsis young seedling cryopreservation

Author:
Li Ren; Di Zhang; Xiang-Ning Jiang; Ying Ga; Wei-Ming Wang; Barbara M. Reed; Xiao-Hui Shen
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 399
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Calvin cycle; abiotic stress; apoptosis; callus; cell viability; cryopreservation; cryoprotectants; fluorescence; gene expression regulation; genes; germination; lipid peroxidation; lipids; oxidative phosphorylation; oxidative stress; photophosphorylation; pollen; seedlings; shoot tips; staining; stress response; transcriptomics; vitrification; water content
Abstract:
... Cryoprotectants are important for cell survival in cryopreservation, however, they can also cause some complex stresses, such as osmotic injury and dehydration stress (Uchendu et al., 2010). Revealing the mechanisms of abiotic stress originating from cryoprotectants will help us to improve plant cell survival after cryopreservation. Generally, some mono-tissue or organ, such as seed, pollen and sh ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.010

91. 005 Integration of polarized light into scanning cryomacroscopy

Author:
Justin S.G. Feig; Y. Rabin
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 399-400
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
ambient temperature; cameras; cryopreservation; cryoprotectants; data collection; fiber optics; filters; glass; halogens; ice; ice nucleation; mechanical stress; medical sciences; polarized light; prototypes; vitrification; Puerto Rico
Abstract:
... This study presents the integration of polarized light into the scanning cryomacroscope—a recently developed device to visualize physical effects in large-scale cryopreservation [Y. Rabin, J.S.G. Feig, A.C. Williams, C.C. Lin, C. Thaokar, Cryomacroscopy in 3D: a device prototype for the study of cryopreservation, ASME-SBC 2012, Fajardo, Puerto Rico]. The cryomacroscope is the only means available ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.011

92. 006 The importance of spatial location of cells during large volume cryopreservation and contrast between larger and smaller cryopreservation volumes

Author:
Peter Kilbride; John Morris; Barry Fuller; Clare Selden
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 400
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
alginates; aluminum; biochemical pathways; biomass; cell membranes; cell viability; cryopreservation; encapsulation; freezers; freezing; heat; ice; latent heat; liver; melting point; solutes; temperature profiles
Abstract:
... The differences between large and small volume freezing on alginate encapsulated liver spheroids (ELS) have been studied. When small volumes are cryopreserved, they tend to follow a pre-set thermal profile. The whole sample will be approximately thermally homogeneous – no great temperature gradients will exist within. As the sample falls below its equilibrium melting point, the sample will become ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.012

93. 007 Hypothermic organ preservation: solutions and devices to improve the quality and supply of donor organs

Author:
Michael J. Taylor
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 400
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
biopsy; cold storage; cytokines; death; hypothermia; hypoxia; ice; ischemia; kidney transplant; kidneys; liver; liver transplant; messenger RNA; pancreas; patients; reperfusion injury; risk; risk reduction; survival rate; viability
Abstract:
... In recent years the role of hypothermia as the bedrock for organ preservation techniques, has received renewed attention due to its importance in the procurement, storage and resuscitation of less-than-optimal donor organs. Clinical kidney and liver transplantation has evolved from an experimental procedure 50years ago to the current treatment of choice for patients with end-stage organ disease wh ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.013

94. 009 Solid mechanics aspects in scale-up vitrification: From visualization of physical effects to the analysis of structural damage

Author:
Yoed Rabin
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 400-401
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
ambient temperature; computer simulation; cryopreservation; cryoprotectants; crystallization; ice; mechanical stress; probability; storage temperature; temperature profiles; thermal expansion; toxicity; vitrification
Abstract:
... The coupled phenomena affecting cryopreservation success display a quite complex picture, with effects typically classified as resulting from the kinetics of ice crystallization, the toxicity of ice-controlling agents (ICAs), the degradation of biological material in a suspended state, and the development of thermo-mechanical stress—the focus of the current presentation. Cryopreservation success i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.015

95. 010 The control of ice nucleation and growth in tissues and organs

Author:
Gregory M. Fahy; Brian Wowk
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 401
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
acetates; additives; antifreeze proteins; composite polymers; cooling; cryopreservation; cryoprotectants; crystallization; emulsions; energy; flavonols; glycerol; glycosides; growth inhibitors; hydrophobicity; hysteresis; ice; ice nucleation; molecular dynamics; polyvinyl alcohol; propylene glycol; simulation models; solutes; sucrose; tissues; toxicity; vitrification; water temperature; zirconium
Abstract:
... Vitrification is a promising general approach to cryopreservation of clinically relevant tissues and organs that are sensitive to ice formation. However, the vitrification of larger samples requires cryoprotectant concentrations sufficiently high to avoid ice formation at relatively low cooling and warming rates. In an effort to avoid the toxicity that usually accompanies higher concentrations, ce ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.016

96. 011 Computation tools in the service of cryomedicine

Author:
Yoed Rabin
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 401
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
computer hardware; cryosurgery; disease course; gases; geometry; image analysis; medical treatment; models; monitoring; planning; system optimization; temperature
Abstract:
... Cryosurgery practices have evolved over the years in close relationship with concurrent technology developments. Well recognized milestones along the path of development are the beginning of commercial production of liquefied gases at the beginning of the 20th century—leading to the widespread of cryosurgery as a medical treatment, the development of the cryostat by Cooper and Lee in the early 196 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.017

97. 012 Cryosensitization: Adjunctive potentiators for cryoablation

Author:
John G. Baust; John Bischof; Andrew Gage; Anthony Robilotto; John M. Baust
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 401
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
adjuvants; apoptosis; cryosurgery; cytotoxicity; freezing; genes; ice; image analysis; issues and policy; mitochondria; necrosis; neoplasm cells; prostatic neoplasms; temperature; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... Therapeutic cryoablation has experienced a rebirth in physician-managed destruction of diverse cancers grounded, in part, on well-recognized scientific principles and the use of multiprobe devices and advanced imaging techniques. Cryoablative techniques have beneficially evolved over the past forty years with the development of successive generations of devices including cryoneedles, cryoballoons, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.018

98. 013 A brief overview of low temperature light microscopy

Author:
John McGrath
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 401-402
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
biocompatible materials; electron microscopy; freezing; light microscopy; temperature; thawing
Abstract:
... Low temperature light microscopy evolved into the current form of cryomicroscopy over the course of approximately 150years. During this period the technological capabilities of such systems have advanced a great deal. The breadth of applications has also expanded tremendously. While the spatial resolution of light microscopy is limited relative to electron microscopy, its advantage is that real-ti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.019

99. 014 The use of cryo techniques for correlative light electron microscopy

Author:
Paul Verkade
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 402
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
cryopreservation; electron microscopy; image analysis; light microscopy
Abstract:
... Correlative Light Electron Microscopy (CLEM) combines the advantages of both Light Microscopy (LM) and Electron Microscopy (EM) and analyses a single sample with both modalities. LM is for instance able to provide the history of an event through live imaging, whereas EM can provide higher resolution and surrounding ultrastructural information. CLEM is usually a compromise between the 2 modalities ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.020

100. 015 Cryo-electron microscopy and tomography of molecular machines, protein aggregates and cells

Author:
Wah Chui
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 402
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; amyloid; bacteria; cryo-electron microscopy; data collection; digital images; information processing; protein aggregates; tomography; virus assembly; viruses
Abstract:
... Electron cryo-microscopy and tomography has become a critical structural tool that brings structural insights that cannot be obtained by X-ray crystallography. The advances in cryo-specimen preparation, data collection and data processing have allowed us to reconstruct 3D images of molecular machines, amyloid proteins and cells at unprecedented resolutions. I will present multiple examples to demo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.021