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1. "Evolution Canyon," a potential microscale monitor of global warming across life

Author:
Eviatar Nevo
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 v.109 no.8 pp. 2960-2965
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Drosophila; bacteria; biodiversity; drought; extinction; fungi; global warming; heat; mammals; microclimate; models; photosynthesis; prediction; shrublands; solar radiation; sympatric speciation; viruses; Israel
Abstract:
... Climatic change and stress is a major driving force of evolution. The effects of climate change on living organisms have been shown primarily on regional and global scales. Here I propose the "Evolution Canyon" (EC) microscale model as a potential life monitor of global warming in Israel and the rest of the world. The EC model reveals evolution in action at a microscale involving biodiversity dive ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1120633109
PubMed:
22308456
PubMed Central:
PMC3286920

2. "tet(U)" Is Not a Tetracycline Resistance Determinant

Author:
Jamie A. Caryl; Georgina Cox; Stefan Trimble; Alex J. O'Neill
Source:
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2012 v.56 no.6 pp. 3378-3379
ISSN:
0066-4804
Subject:
antibiotic resistance; bacterial proteins; bioinformatics; genes; plasmids; resistance mechanisms; tetracycline
Abstract:
... The enterococcal plasmid pKQ10 has been reported to carry a poorly characterized tetracycline resistance determinant designated tet(U). However, in a series of studies intended to further characterize this determinant, we have been unable to substantiate the claim that tet(U) confers resistance to tetracyclines. In line with these results, bioinformatic analysis provides compelling evidence that " ...
DOI:
10.1128/AAC.05957-11
PubMed:
22491689
PubMed Central:
PMC3370814

3. (n-3) Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health: Are Effects of EPA and DHA Shared or Complementary?

Author:
Dariush Mozaffarian; Jason H. Y. Wu
Source:
Journal of nutrition 2012 v.142 no.3 pp. 614S-625S
ISSN:
0022-3166
Subject:
docosapentaenoic acid; high density lipoprotein; fish consumption; humans; compliance; inflammation; laboratory animals; endogenous sources; particle size; platelet aggregation; low density lipoprotein; risk factors; animal models; arrhythmia; fish oils; clinical trials; oxidative stress; research support
Abstract:
... Considerable research supports cardiovascular benefits of consuming omega-3 PUFA, also known as (n-3) PUFA, from fish or fish oil. Whether individual long-chain (n-3) PUFA have shared or complementary effects is not well established. We reviewed evidence for dietary and endogenous sources and cardiovascular effects on biologic pathways, physiologic risk factors, and clinical endpoints of EPA [20:5 ...
DOI:
10.3945/jn.111.149633
PubMed:
22279134
PubMed Central:
PMC3278271

4. (φ,ψ)₂ Motifs: A Purely Conformation-Based Fine-Grained Enumeration of Protein Parts at the Two-Residue Level

Author:
Scott A. Hollingsworth; Matthew C. Lewis; Donald S. Berkholz; Weng-Keen Wong; P. Andrew Karplus
Source:
Journal of molecular biology 2012 v.416 no.1 pp. 78-93
ISSN:
0022-2836
Subject:
algorithms; models; polypeptides; population density; protein structure; proteins
Abstract:
... A deep understanding of protein structure benefits from the use of a variety of classification strategies that enhance our ability to effectively describe local patterns of conformation. Here, we use a clustering algorithm to analyze 76,533 all-trans segments from protein structures solved at 1.2 Å resolution or better to create a purely φ,ψ-based comprehensive empirical categorization of common c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2011.12.022
PubMed:
22198294
PubMed Central:
PMC3268948

5. (−)-Epicatechin prevents TNFα-induced activation of signaling cascades involved in inflammation and insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Author:
Marcela A. Vazquez-Prieto; Ahmed Bettaieb; Fawaz G. Haj; César G. Fraga; Patricia I. Oteiza
Source:
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 2012 v.527 no.2 pp. 113-118
ISSN:
0003-9861
Subject:
adipocytes; adipose tissue; chronic diseases; extracts; genes; inflammation; insulin; insulin resistance; interleukin-6; metabolic syndrome; mitogen-activated protein kinase; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; nuclear genome; obesity; phosphorylation; public health; resistin; risk; transcription factor NF-kappa B; transcriptional activation; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... Obesity is major public health concern worldwide and obese individuals exhibit a higher risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Inflammation plays a significant role in metabolic regulation and mounting evidence highlight the contribution of adipose tissue to systemic inflammatory state. Food extracts with a high content of (−)-epicatechin have been found to exert systemic anti-inflammat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.abb.2012.02.019
PubMed:
22425757
PubMed Central:
PMC3992864

6. 1,2,3-Triazole–Heme Interactions in Cytochrome P450: Functionally Competent Triazole–Water–Heme Complexes

Author:
Conner Kip P.; Vennam Preethi; Woods Caleb M.; Krzyaniak Matthew D.; Bowman Michael K.; Atkins William M.
Source:
Biochemistry 2012 v.51 no.32 pp. 6441-6457
ISSN:
1520-4995
Subject:
cytochrome P-450; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; enthalpy; entropy; heme; heme iron; hydrogen bonding; ligands; metabolism; models; risk
Abstract:
... In comparison to imidazole (IMZ) and 1,2,4-triazole (1,2,4-TRZ), the isosteric 1,2,3-triazole (1,2,3-TRZ) is unrepresented among cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibitors. This is surprising because 1,2,3-TRZs are easily obtained via “click” chemistry. To understand this underrepresentation of 1,2,3-TRZs among CYP inhibitors, thermodynamic and density functional theory computational studies were performed ...
DOI:
10.1021/bi300744z
PubMed:
22809252
PubMed Central:
PMC3448000

7. 1,2-dielaidoylphosphocholine/1,2-dimyristoylphosphoglycerol supported phospholipid bilayer formation in calcium and calcium-free buffer

Author:
Evans, Kervin O.
Source:
Thin solid films 2012 v.520 no.7 pp. 3026-3030
ISSN:
0040-6090
Subject:
atomic force microscopy; buffers; calcium; ions; lipid bilayers; lipid composition; monitoring; phosphatidylcholines; phosphatidylglycerols
Abstract:
... Phospholipid membranes are useful in the field of biocatalysis because a supported phospholipid membrane can create a biomimetic platform where biocatalytic processes can readily occur. In this work, supported bilayer formation from sonicated phospholipid vesicles containing 1,2-dielaidoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)] was studied using a q ...
Handle:
10113/55125
DOI:
10.1016/j.tsf.2011.12.002

8. 1,4-Diazaspiro[2.2]pentanes as a Flexible Platform for the Synthesis of Diamine-Bearing Stereotriads

Author:
Rigoli Jared W.; Boralsky Luke A.; Hershberger John C.; Marston Dagmara; Meis Alan R.; Guzei Ilia A.; Schomaker Jennifer M.
Source:
Journal of organic chemistry 2012 v.77 no.5 pp. 2446-2455
ISSN:
1520-6904
Subject:
Lewis bases; alcohols; allene; aziridines; bioactive compounds; chemical structure; optical isomerism; organic chemistry; oxidation; regioselectivity
Abstract:
... Nitrogen-containing stereotriads occur in a number of biologically active compounds, but general and flexible methods to access these compounds are limited mainly to the manipulation of chiral olefins. An alternative approach is to employ a highly chemo-, regio-, and stereocontrolled allene oxidation that can install a new carbon–heteroatom bond at each of the three original allene carbons. In thi ...
DOI:
10.1021/jo3000282
PubMed:
22304460
PubMed Central:
PMC4500119

9. 1,500 year quantitative reconstruction of winter precipitation in the Pacific Northwest

Author:
Byron A. Steinman; Mark B. Abbott; Michael E. Mann; Nathan D. Stansell; Bruce P. Finney
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 v.109 no.29 pp. 11619-11623
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
El Nino; climate; drought; growth rings; isotopes; lakes; oxygen; paleoclimatology; seasonal variation; sediments; winter
Abstract:
... Multiple paleoclimate proxies are required for robust assessment of past hydroclimatic conditions. Currently, estimates of drought variability over the past several thousand years are based largely on tree-ring records. We produced a 1,500-y record of winter precipitation in the Pacific Northwest using a physical model-based analysis of lake sediment oxygen isotope data. Our results indicate that ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1201083109
PubMed:
22753510
PubMed Central:
PMC3406856

10. 1-Methylthio-d-xylulose 5-Phosphate Methylsulfurylase: A Novel Route to 1-Deoxy-d-xylulose 5-Phosphate in Rhodospirillum rubrum

Author:
Warlick Benjamin P.; Evans Bradley S.; Erb Tobias J.; Ramagopal Udipi A.; Sriram Jaya; Imker Heidi J.; Sauder J. Michael; Bonanno Jeffrey B.; Burley Stephen K.; Tabita F. Robert; Almo Steven C.; Sweedler Jonathan S.; Gerlt John A.
Source:
Biochemistry 2012 v.51 no.42 pp. 8324-8326
ISSN:
1520-4995
Subject:
Rhodospirillum rubrum; S-adenosylmethionine; active sites; adenine; biosynthesis; dimethyl disulfide; isomerization; isoprenoids; polyamines
Abstract:
... Rhodospirillum rubrum produces 5-methylthioadenosine (MTA) from S-adenosylmethionine in polyamine biosynthesis; however, R. rubrum lacks the classical methionine salvage pathway. Instead, MTA is converted to 5-methylthio-d-ribose 1-phosphate (MTR 1-P) and adenine; MTR 1-P is isomerized to 1-methylthio-d-xylulose 5-phosphate (MTXu 5-P) and reductively dethiomethylated to 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosph ...
DOI:
10.1021/bi301215g
PubMed:
23035785
PubMed Central:
PMC3490199

11. 100% Orange juice consumption is associated with better diet quality, improved nutrient adequacy, decreased risk for obesity, and improved biomarkers of health in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2006

Author:
Carol E O’Neil; Theresa A Nicklas; Gail C Rampersaud; Victor L Fulgoni III
Source:
Nutrition journal 2012 v.11 no.1 pp. 565
ISSN:
1475-2891
Subject:
Adequate Intakes; food groups; odds ratio; folic acid; nutrients; adults; Estimated Average Requirement; biomarkers; orange juice; metabolic syndrome; risk factors; potassium; childhood obesity; USDA; body mass index; vitamin A; ascorbic acid; fruits; nutritional adequacy; regression analysis; magnesium; cholesterol; healthy diet; fruit consumption; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; whole grain foods
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Consumption of 100% orange juice (OJ) has been positively associated with nutrient adequacy and diet quality, with no increased risk of overweight/obesity in children; however, no one has examined these factors in adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of 100% OJ consumption with nutrient adequacy, diet quality, and risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) i ...
DOI:
10.1186/1475-2891-11-107
PubMed:
23234248
PubMed Central:
PMC3545988

12. 14-3-3 Proteins SGF14c and SGF14l Play Critical Roles during Soybean Nodulation

Author:
Osman Radwan; Xia Wu; Manjula Govindarajulu; Marc Libault; David J. Neece; Man-Ho Oh; R. Howard Berg; Gary Stacey; Christopher G. Taylor; Steven C. Huber; Steven J. Clough
Source:
Plant physiology 2012 v.160 no.4 pp. 2125-2136
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
Bradyrhizobium japonicum; Glycine max; RNA interference; Rhizobium rhizogenes; cytoplasm; developmental stages; early development; genes; messenger RNA; nodulation; phenotype; proteins; proteomics; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; roots; soybeans; transcription (genetics); transcriptomics; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... The soybean (Glycine max) genome contains 18 members of the 14-3-3 protein family, but little is known about their association with specific phenotypes. Here, we report that the Glyma0529080 Soybean G-box Factor 14-3-3c (SGF14c) and Glyma08g12220 (SGF14l) genes, encoding 14-3-3 proteins, appear to play essential roles in soybean nodulation. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain react ...
DOI:
10.1104/pp.112.207027
PubMed:
23060368
PubMed Central:
PMC3510136

13. 14-3-3 fusion oncogenes in high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma

Author:
Cheng-Han Lee; Wen-Bin Ou; Adrian Mariño-Enriquez; Meijun Zhu; Mark Mayeda; Yuexiang Wang; Xiangqian Guo; Alayne L. Brunner; Frédéric Amant; Christopher A. French; Robert B. West; Jessica N. McAlpine; C. Blake Gilks; Michael B. Yaffe; Leah M. Prentice; Andrew McPherson; Steven J. M. Jones; Marco A. Marra; Sohrab P. Shah; Matt van de Rijn; David G. Huntsman; Paola Dal Cin; Maria Debiec-Rychter; Marisa R. Nucci; Jonathan A. Fletcher
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 v.109 no.3 pp. 929-934
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
cell growth; cytogenetics; disease course; exons; fluorescence in situ hybridization; gene expression; gene fusion; nuclear localization signals; oncogenes; protein synthesis; proteins; sarcoma; sequence analysis; small interfering RNA
Abstract:
... 14-3-3 proteins are ubiquitously expressed regulators of various cellular functions, including proliferation, metabolism, and differentiation, and altered 14-3-3 expression is associated with development and progression of cancer. We report a transforming 14-3-3 oncoprotein, which we identified through conventional cytogenetics and whole-transcriptome sequencing analysis as a highly recurrent gene ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1115528109
PubMed:
22223660
PubMed Central:
PMC3271913

14. 14-3-3 proteins act as scaffolds for GmMYB62 and GmMYB176 and regulate their intracellular localization in soybean

Author:
Xuyan Li; Sangeeta Dhaubhadel
Source:
Plant signaling & behavior 2012 v.7 no.8 pp. 965-968
ISSN:
1559-2324
Subject:
Fabaceae; biosynthesis; clinical trials; food intake; gene expression; human health; isoflavonoids; nitrogen fixation; proteins; soybeans; stress tolerance
Abstract:
... Isoflavonoids are plant natural compounds predominantly found in leguminous plant. They play important functions in both nitrogen fixation and stress resistance. Many clinical studies have linked dietary intake of isoflavonoids to human health benefits. Binding of 14-3-3 proteins to GmMYB176, an isoflavonoid regulator, modulates expression of key isoflavonoids gene expression and its biosynthesis. ...
DOI:
10.4161/psb.20940
PubMed:
22836494
PubMed Central:
PMC3474696

15. 15N-Labeled Brain Enables Quantification of Proteome and Phosphoproteome in Cultured Primary Neurons

Author:
Liao Lujian; Sando Richard C.; Farnum John B.; Vanderklish Peter W.; Maximov Anton; Yates John R.
Source:
Journal of Proteome Research 2012 v.11 no.2 pp. 1341-1353
ISSN:
1535-3907
Subject:
brain; models; neurons; phosphopeptides; phosphorylation; proteins; proteome; proteomics; quantitative analysis; stable isotopes; synapse; synaptic transmission
Abstract:
... Terminally differentiated primary cells represent a valuable in vitro model to study signaling events associated within a specific tissue. Quantitative proteomic methods using metabolic labeling in primary cells encounter labeling efficiency issues hindering the use of these cells. Here we developed a method to quantify the proteome and phosphoproteome of cultured neurons using ¹⁵N-labeled brain t ...
DOI:
10.1021/pr200987h
PubMed:
22070516
PubMed Central:
PMC3279198

16. 15N-Labeled Full-Length Apolipoprotein E4 as an Internal Standard for Mass Spectrometry Quantification of Apolipoprotein E Isoforms

Author:
Wang Meiyao; Chen Junjun; Turko Illarion V.
Source:
Analytical chemistry 2012 v.84 no.19 pp. 8340-8344
ISSN:
1520-6882
Subject:
Alzheimer disease; alleles; amino acids; apolipoprotein E4; brain; genotype; humans; mass spectrometry; quantitative analysis; risk factors
Abstract:
... Apolipoprotein E isoforms (apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4) affect the likelihood of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with the apoE4 isoform being a major risk factor. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be determined. ApoE isoforms vary by a single amino acid change, and it is a challenge to distinguish them on the protein level. We developed a mass spectrometry-based quantitative method uti ...
DOI:
10.1021/ac3018873
PubMed:
22931427
PubMed Central:
PMC4038910

17. 17 novel polymorphic microsatellite markers for the giant water bug, Abedus herberti (Belostomatidae)

Author:
T. S. Daly-Engel; R. L. Smith; D. S. Finn; M. E. Knoderbane; I. C. Phillipsen; D. A. Lytle
Source:
Conservation genetics resources 2012 v.4 no.4 pp. 979-981
ISSN:
1877-7252
Subject:
Lethocerus americanus; alleles; aquatic habitat; climate change; evolution; groundwater; insects; loci; mating systems; microsatellite repeats
Abstract:
... The giant water bug (Abedus herberti) is a large flightless insect that is a keystone predator in aridland aquatic habitats. Extended droughts, possibly due to climate change and groundwater pumping, are causing once-perennial aquatic habitats to dry, resulting in serious conservation concern for some populations. A. herberti also exhibits exclusive male parental care, which has made it a model or ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12686-012-9687-5
PubMed:
24077753
PubMed Central:
PMC3784353

18. 1H Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Based on an Endogenous Radical

Author:
Maly Thorsten; Cui Dongtao; Griffin Robert G.; Miller Anne-Frances
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2012 v.116 no.24 pp. 7055-7065
ISSN:
1520-6106
Subject:
flavins; free radicals; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; organelles; physical chemistry; proteins
Abstract:
... We demonstrate a 15-fold enhancement of solid-state NMR signals via dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) based on a stable, naturally occurring radical in a protein: the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) semiquinone of flavodoxin. The line width of flavodoxin’s EPR signal suggests that the dominant DNP mechanism is the solid effect, consistent with the field-dependent DNP enhancement profile. The magnitud ...
DOI:
10.1021/jp300539j
PubMed:
22472179
PubMed Central:
PMC6010065

19. 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ and its analog, 2-methylene-19-nor-(20S)-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (2MD), suppress intraocular pressure in non-human primates

Author:
Galina D. Kutuzova; B’Ann T. Gabelt; Julie A. Kiland; Elizabeth A. Hennes-Beann; Paul L. Kaufman; Hector F. DeLuca
Source:
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 2012 v.518 no.1 pp. 53-60
ISSN:
0003-9861
Subject:
Primates; drainage; genes; glaucoma; hypertension; microarray technology; people; risk factors; therapeutics
Abstract:
... Ocular hypertension is the greatest known risk factor for glaucoma that affects an estimated 70million people worldwide. Lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the mainstay of therapy in the management of glaucoma. By means of microarray analysis, we have discovered that 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (1α,25-(OH)₂D₃) regulates genes that are known to be involved in the determination of intraocular ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.abb.2011.10.022
PubMed:
22198282
PubMed Central:
PMC3390938

20. 1’-Acetoxychavicol acetate inhibits growth of human oral carcinoma xenograft in mice and potentiates cisplatin effect via proinflammatory microenvironment alterations

Author:
Lionel LA In; Norhafiza M Arshad; Halijah Ibrahim; Mohamad Nurul Azmi; Khalijah Awang; Noor Hasima Nagoor
Source:
BMC complementary and alternative medicine 2012 v.12 no.1 pp. 179
ISSN:
1472-6882
Subject:
DNA fragmentation; Western blotting; acetates; alternative medicine; apoptosis; biomarkers; body weight changes; cisplatin; clinical trials; cyclins; cytotoxicity; genes; ginger; humans; mechanism of action; mice; mouth neoplasms; squamous cell carcinoma; survival rate; transcription factor NF-kappa B
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Oral cancers although preventable, possess a low five-year survival rate which has remained unchanged over the past three decades. In an attempt to find a more safe, affordable and effective treatment option, we describe here the use of 1’S-1’-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA), a component of Malaysian ginger traditionally used for various medicinal purposes. METHODS: Whether ACA can inhib ...
DOI:
10.1186/1472-6882-12-179
PubMed:
23043547
PubMed Central:
PMC3517351

21. 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl 6-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside as a selective tag for cysteines in proteins

Author:
Richard F.G. Fröhlich; Evelyne Schrank; Klaus Zangger
Source:
Carbohydrate research 2012 v.361 no. pp. 100-104
ISSN:
0008-6215
Subject:
cysteine; fluorine; glucose; glycosylation; microwave treatment; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; risk; solvents; thiols; transactivators
Abstract:
... A synthetic route to a trifluoromethyl and thiol containing glucose derivative (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 6-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside) is presented, which is based on microwave-assisted Fischer glycosylation under increased pressure. This water-soluble, neutral thiol-compound can be used to selectively introduce a fluorine probe for ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy on cysteines in proteins. It can be attached under ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carres.2012.08.010
PubMed:
23000216
PubMed Central:
PMC4067056

22. 2,2′,3,5′,6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 95) and Its Hydroxylated Metabolites Are Enantiomerically Enriched in Female Mice

Author:
Kania-Korwel Izabela; Barnhart Christopher D.; Stamou Marianna; Truong Kim M.; El-Komy Mohammed H. M. E.; Lein Pamela J.; Veng-Pedersen Peter; Lehmler Hans-Joachim
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2012 v.46 no.20 pp. 11393-11401
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adults; blood; brain; dose response; females; liver; metabolites; mice; neurotoxicity; polychlorinated biphenyls; subchronic exposure; tissues
Abstract:
... Epidemiological and laboratory studies link polychlorinated biphenyls and their metabolites to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Several neurotoxic PCB congeners are chiral and undergo enantiomeric enrichment in mammalian species, which may modulate PCB developmental neurotoxicity. This study measures levels and enantiomeric enrichment of PCB 95 and its hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PCBs) in adu ...
DOI:
10.1021/es302810t
PubMed:
22974126
PubMed Central:
PMC3475189

23. 2,3-Hexanediols as Sex Attractants and a Female-produced Sex Pheromone for Cerambycid Beetles in the Prionine Genus Tragosoma

Author:
Ann M. Ray; James D. Barbour; J. Steven McElfresh; Jardel A. Moreira; Ian Swift; Ian M. Wright; Alenka Žunič; Robert F. Mitchell; Elizabeth E. Graham; Ronald L. Alten; Jocelyn G. Millar; Lawrence M. Hanks
Source:
Journal of chemical ecology 2012 v.38 no.9 pp. 1151-1158
ISSN:
0098-0331
Subject:
Cerambycidae; aggregation pheromones; bioassays; females; fresh produce; males; pheromone blends; pheromone glands; sex attractants; sex pheromones; sexual dimorphism; California
Abstract:
... Recent work suggests that closely related cerambycid species often share pheromone components, or even produce pheromone blends of identical composition. However, little is known of the pheromones of species in the subfamily Prioninae. During field bioassays in California, males of three species in the prionine genus Tragosoma were attracted to 2,3-hexanediols, common components of male-produced a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10886-012-0181-z
PubMed:
22923142
PubMed Central:
PMC3808253

24. 2-Hydroxyoleate, a nontoxic membrane binding anticancer drug, induces glioma cell differentiation and autophagy

Author:
Silvia Terés; Victoria Lladó; Mónica Higuera; Gwendolyn Barceló-Coblijn; Maria Laura Martin; Maria Antònia Noguera-Salvà; Amaia Marcilla-Etxenike; José Manuel García-Verdugo; Mario Soriano-Navarro; Carlos Saus; Ulises Gómez-Pinedo; Xavier Busquets; Pablo V. Escribá
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 v.109 no.22 pp. 8489-8494
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
anticarcinogenic activity; antineoplastic agents; brain; cell death; cell differentiation; cytoplasm; lipid composition; mechanism of action; mitogen-activated protein kinase; neoplasms; neuroglia; oral administration; patients; plasma membrane; protein phosphorylation; protein transport; proteins; relapse; sphingomyelins; survival rate; toxicity
Abstract:
... Despite recent advances in the development of new cancer therapies, the treatment options for glioma remain limited, and the survival rate of patients has changed little over the past three decades. Here, we show that 2-hydroxyoleic acid (2OHOA) induces differentiation and autophagy of human glioma cells. Compared to the current reference drug for this condition, temozolomide (TMZ), 2OHOA combated ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1118349109
PubMed:
22586083
PubMed Central:
PMC3365159

25. 2-Methoxyestradiol inhibits experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through suppression of immune cell activation

Author:
Gordon S. Duncan; Dirk Brenner; Michael W. Tusche; Anne Brüstle; Christiane B. Knobbe; Andrew J. Elia; Thomas Mock; Mark R. Bray; Peter H. Krammer; Tak W. Mak
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 v.109 no.51 pp. 21034-21039
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
T-lymphocytes; animal models; cytokines; dose response; drugs; encephalitis; estradiol; humans; lymphocyte proliferation; metabolites; mice; neoplasms; rheumatoid arthritis; sclerosis; transcription (genetics); transcription factor NF-kappa B
Abstract:
... The endogenous metabolite of estradiol, 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2), is an antimitotic and antiangiogenic cancer drug candidate that also exhibits disease-modifying activity in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We found that 2ME2 dramatically suppresses development of mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a rodent model of multiple sclerosis (MS). 2ME2 inhibits in vitro ly ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1215558110
PubMed:
23213242
PubMed Central:
PMC3529073

26. 24-Hour profiles of circulating ghrelin and peptide YY are inversely associated in normal weight premenopausal women

Author:
Brenna R. Hill; Mary Jane De Souza; David A. Wagstaff; Rino Sato; Nancy I. Williams
Source:
Peptides 2012 v.38 no.1 pp. 159-162
ISSN:
0196-9781
Subject:
blood; body fat; body mass index; carbohydrates; food intake; ghrelin; humans; hypothalamus; models; peptide YY; premenopause; radioimmunoassays; secretion; statistical analysis; women
Abstract:
... Peptide YY (PYY) and ghrelin (GHR) may modulate one another's actions within the hypothalamus. Peripheral infusion of PYY in humans acutely suppresses circulating concentrations of GHR. Whether an association between PYY and GHR exists in the peripheral circulation of humans over 24h is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine if circulating concentrations of PYY and GHR were significan ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.peptides.2012.08.017
PubMed:
22954902
PubMed Central:
PMC3496067

27. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and In Vivo Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function Relative to Insulin Sensitivity in Black and White Youth

Author:
Kumaravel Rajakumar; Javier de las Heras; SoJung Lee; Michael F. Holick; Silva A. Arslanian
Source:
Diabetes care 2012 v.35 no.3 pp. 627-633
ISSN:
0149-5992
Subject:
Blacks; Whites; adipose tissue; adiposity; body mass index; body measurements; fasting; glucose; homeostasis; insulin; insulin resistance; secretion; vitamin D; volunteers; youth
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationships between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and in vivo insulin sensitivity and β-cell function relative to insulin sensitivity, disposition index (DI), in black and white youth. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were analyzed in banked specimens in healthy youth aged 8 to 18 years who had existing data on hyperinsulinemic-euglycemi ...
DOI:
10.2337/dc11-1825
PubMed:
22238280
PubMed Central:
PMC3322701

28. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is associated with fatal stroke among whites but not blacks: The NHANES-III linked mortality files

Author:
Erin D. Michos; Jared P. Reis; Wendy S. Post; Pamela L. Lutsey; Rebecca F. Gottesman; Thomas H. Mosley; A. Richey Sharrett; Michal L. Melamed
Source:
Nutrition 2012 v.28 no.4 pp. 367-371
ISSN:
0899-9007
Subject:
risk factors; regression analysis; confidence interval; socioeconomic status; Whites; stroke; vitamin deficiencies; Blacks; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; mortality; adults; United States
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: Deficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality. 25(OH)D deficiency and stroke are more prevalent in blacks. We examined whether low 25(OH)D contributes to the excess risk of fatal stroke in blacks compared with whites. METHODS: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a probability sample of U.S. ci ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.nut.2011.10.015
PubMed:
22261577
PubMed Central:
PMC3304002

29. 26S Proteasome regulation of Ankrd1/CARP in adult rat ventricular myocytes and human microvascular endothelial cells

Author:
Susan E. Samaras; Billy Chen; Stephen R. Koch; Douglas B. Sawyer; Chee Chew Lim; Jeffrey M. Davidson
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2012 v.425 no.4 pp. 830-835
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
proteasome endopeptidase complex; messenger RNA; tissue repair; endothelial cells; humans; muscles; sarcomeres; proteolysis; rats; adults; half life
Abstract:
... Ankyrin repeat domain 1 protein (Ankrd1), also known as cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP), increases dramatically after tissue injury, and its overexpression improves aspects of wound healing. Reports that Ankrd1/CARP protein stability may affect cardiovascular organization, together with our findings that the protein is crucial to stability of the cardiomyocyte sarcomere and increased in woun ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.162
PubMed:
22892129
PubMed Central:
PMC3460693

30. 3'-UTR-located inverted Alu repeats facilitate mRNA translational repression and stress granule accumulation

Author:
Terry Fitzpatrick; Sui Huang
Source:
Nucleus 2012 v.3 no.4 pp. 359-369
ISSN:
1949-1042
Subject:
gene expression; humans; mutational analysis; nucleotide sequences; reporter genes
Abstract:
... Alu repeats within human genes may potentially alter gene expression. Here, we show that 3′-UTR-located inverted Alu repeats significantly reduce expression of an AcGFP reporter gene. Mutational analysis demonstrates that the secondary structure, but not the primary nucleotide sequence, of the inverted Alu repeats is critical for repression. The expression levels and nucleocytoplasmic distribution ...
DOI:
10.4161/nucl.20827
PubMed:
22688648
PubMed Central:
PMC3679280

31. 3-D and Quasi-2-D Discrete Element Modeling of Grain Commingling in a Bucket Elevator Boot System

Author:
Boac, J.M.; Casada, M.E.; Maghirang, R.G.; Harner, J.P. III
Source:
Transactions of the ASABE 2012 v.55 no.2 pp. 659-672
ISSN:
2151-0032
Subject:
buckets; elevators; grain elevators; grains; mixing; prediction; purity; simulation models; soybeans
Abstract:
... Unwanted grain commingling impedes new quality-based grain handling systems and has proven to be an expensive and time-consuming issue to study experimentally. Experimentally validated models may reduce the time and expense of studying grain commingling while providing additional insight into details of the particle flow. In this study, grain commingling in a pilot-scale bucket elevator boot was f ...
Handle:
10113/54153

32. 3-Dimensional Imaging Modalities for Phenotyping Genetically Engineered Mice

Author:
K. A. Powell; D. Wilson
Source:
Veterinary pathology v.49 no.1 pp. 106-115
ISSN:
1544-2217
Subject:
X-radiation; digital images; embryogenesis; fluorescence; image analysis; mice; microscopy; tomography; ultrasonics
Abstract:
... A variety of 3-dimensional (3D) digital imaging modalities are available for whole-body assessment of genetically engineered mice: magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM), X-ray microcomputed tomography (microCT), optical projection tomography (OPT), episcopic and cryoimaging, and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Embryo and adult mouse phenotyping can be accomplished at microscopy or near microscopy sp ...
DOI:
10.1177/0300985811429814
PubMed:
22146851
PubMed Central:
PMC3857693

33. 3-Helix Micelles Stabilized by Polymer Springs

Author:
Dong He; Shu Jessica Y.; Dube Nikhil; Ma Yufei; Tirrell Matthew V.; Downing Kenneth H.; Xu Ting
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2012 v.134 no.28 pp. 11807-11814
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
chemical bonding; colloids; deformation; desorption; energy; hydrophilicity; micelles; nanocarriers; particle size; polyethylene glycol
Abstract:
... Despite increasing demands to employ amphiphilic micelles as nanocarriers and nanoreactors, it remains a significant challenge to simultaneously reduce the particle size and enhance the particle stability. Complementary to covalent chemical bonding and attractive intermolecular interactions, entropic repulsion can be incorporated by rational design in the headgroup of an amphiphile to generate sma ...
DOI:
10.1021/ja3048128
PubMed:
22731391
PubMed Central:
PMC4186246

34. 3-Picolyl Azide Adenine Dinucleotide as a Probe of Femtosecond to Picosecond Enzyme Dynamics

Author:
Dutta Samrat; Li Yun-Liang; Rock William; Houtman Jon C. D.; Kohen Amnon; Cheatum Christopher M.
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2012 v.116 no.1 pp. 542-548
ISSN:
1520-5207
Subject:
absorption; active sites; adenine; aqueous solutions; formate dehydrogenase; hydrogen bonding; infrared spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Functionally relevant femtosecond to picosecond dynamics in enzyme active sites can be difficult to measure because of a lack of spectroscopic probes that can be located in the active site without altering the behavior of the enzyme. We have developed a new NAD⁺ analog 3-Picolyl Azide Adenine Dinucleotide (PAAD⁺), which has the potential to be a general spectroscopic probe for NAD-dependent enzyme ...
DOI:
10.1021/jp208677u
PubMed:
22126535
PubMed Central:
PMC3260785

35. 3D cell entrapment in crosslinked thiolated gelatin-poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogels

Author:
Yao Fu; Kedi Xu; Xiaoxiang Zheng; Alan J. Giacomin; Adam W. Mix; Weiyuan J. Kao
Source:
Biomaterials 2012 v.33 no.1 pp. 48-58
ISSN:
0142-9612
Subject:
crosslinking; cysteine; ethylene glycol; fibroblasts; gelatin; hydrocolloids; mechanical properties; physicochemical properties; thiols; tissue engineering; water content
Abstract:
... The combined use of natural ECM components and synthetic materials offers an attractive alternative to fabricate hydrogel-based tissue engineering scaffolds to study cell-matrix interactions in three-dimensions (3D). A facile method was developed to modify gelatin with cysteine via a bifunctional PEG linker, thus introducing free thiol groups to gelatin chains. A covalently crosslinked gelatin hyd ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.09.031
PubMed:
21955690
PubMed Central:
PMC3282186

36. 3D imaging and mechanical modeling of helical buckling in Medicago truncatula plant roots

Author:
Jesse L. Silverberg; Roslyn D. Noar; Michael S. Packer; Maria J. Harrison; Christopher L. Henley; Itai Cohen; Sharon J. Gerbode
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 v.109 no.42 pp. 16794-16799
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Medicago truncatula; culture media; deformation; gels; hydrocolloids; image analysis; mathematical models; root growth; roots
Abstract:
... We study the primary root growth of wild-type Medicago truncatula plants in heterogeneous environments using 3D time-lapse imaging. The growth medium is a transparent hydrogel consisting of a stiff lower layer and a compliant upper layer. We find that the roots deform into a helical shape just above the gel layer interface before penetrating into the lower layer. This geometry is interpreted as a ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1209287109
PubMed:
23010923
PubMed Central:
PMC3479456

37. 3D superhydrophobic electrospun meshes as reinforcement materials for sustained local drug delivery against colorectal cancer cells

Author:
Stefan T. Yohe; Victoria L.M. Herrera; Yolonda L. Colson; Mark W. Grinstaff
Source:
Journal of controlled release 2012 v.162 no.1 pp. 92-101
ISSN:
0168-3659
Subject:
air; antineoplastic agents; colorectal neoplasms; cytotoxicity; drug therapy; glycerol; humans; hydrophobicity; mechanical properties; neoplasm cells; polymers; ultrasonics
Abstract:
... In this work we expand upon a recently reported local drug delivery device, where air is used as a degradable component of our material to control drug release (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 2016–2019). We consider its potential use as a drug loaded strip to provide both mechanical stability to the anastomosis, and as a means to release drug locally over prolonged periods for prevention of locoregi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.047
PubMed:
22684120
PubMed Central:
PMC3878861

38. 3β-Methoxy-pregnenolone (MAP4343) as an innovative therapeutic approach for depressive disorders

Author:
Massimiliano Bianchi; Etienne-Emile Baulieu
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 v.109 no.5 pp. 1713-1718
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
amygdala; antidepressants; cortex; hippocampus; mechanism of action; models; pathogenesis; rats; tubulin
Abstract:
... Emerging evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of depressive disorders (DDs) is associated with neuronal abnormalities in brain microtubule function, including changes in α-tubulin isoforms. Currently available antidepressant drugs may act by rescuing these alterations, but only after long-term treatment explaining their delayed therapeutic efficacy. The microtubule associated protein type-2 (MA ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1121485109
PubMed:
22307636
PubMed Central:
PMC3277154

39. 3′ Phosphatase activity toward phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate [PI(3,4)P₂] by voltage-sensing phosphatase (VSP)

Author:
Tatsuki Kurokawa; Shunsuke Takasuga; Souhei Sakata; Shinji Yamaguchi; Shigeo Horie; Koichi J. Homma; Takehiko Sasaki; Yasushi Okamura
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 v.109 no.25 pp. 10089-10094
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Ciona intestinalis; amphibians; chromosomes; confocal microscopy; fluorescence; humans; in vitro studies; inositols; lipids; membrane potential; monitoring; oocytes; phosphates; pleckstrin; radiolabeling; sequence homology; substrate specificity
Abstract:
... Voltage-sensing phosphatases (VSPs) consist of a voltage-sensor domain and a cytoplasmic region with remarkable sequence similarity to phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), a tumor suppressor phosphatase. VSPs dephosphorylate the 5′ position of the inositol ring of both phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P ₃] and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4 ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1203799109
PubMed:
22645351
PubMed Central:
PMC3382541

40. 4-Hydroxynonenal differentially regulates adiponectin gene expression and secretion via activating PPARγ and accelerating ubiquitin–proteasome degradation

Author:
Zhigang Wang; Xiaobing Dou; Dongfang Gu; Chen Shen; Tong Yao; Van Nguyen; Carol Braunschweig; Zhenyuan Song
Source:
Molecular and cellular endocrinology 2012 v.349 no.2 pp. 222-231
ISSN:
0303-7207
Subject:
adipocytes; adiponectin; adipose tissue; antagonists; antioxidants; betaine; cycloheximide; dose response; gene expression; high fat diet; insulin resistance; lipid peroxidation; metabolic diseases; mice; obesity; oxidative stress; precipitin tests; proteasome endopeptidase complex; protein degradation; secretion
Abstract:
... Although well-established, the underlying mechanisms involved in obesity-related plasma adiponectin decline remain elusive. Oxidative stress is associated with obesity and insulin resistance and considered to contribute to the progression toward obesity-related metabolic disorders. In this study, we investigated the effects of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), the most abundant lipid peroxidation end prod ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mce.2011.10.027
PubMed:
22085560
PubMed Central:
PMC3594100

41. 4-O-methylation of glucuronic acid in Arabidopsis glucuronoxylan is catalyzed by a domain of unknown function family 579 protein

Author:
Breeanna R. Urbanowicz; Maria J. Peña; Supriya Ratnaparkhe; Utku Avci; Jason Backe; Heather F. Steet; Marcus Foston; Hongjia Li; Malcolm A. O’Neill; Arthur J. Ragauskas; Alan G. Darvill; Charles Wyman; Harry J. Gilbert; William S. York
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 v.109 no.35 pp. 14253-14258
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
physical properties; glucuronic acid; Arabidopsis; cobalt; proteins; xylan; biopolymers; cell walls; biochemical mechanisms; hot water treatment; lignin; methyltransferases; Golgi apparatus
Abstract:
... The hemicellulose 4- O -methyl glucuronoxylan is one of the principle components present in the secondary cell walls of eudicotyledonous plants. However, the biochemical mechanisms leading to the formation of this polysaccharide and the effects of modulating its structure on the physical properties of the cell wall are poorly understood. We have identified and functionally characterized an Arabido ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1208097109
PubMed:
22893684
PubMed Central:
PMC3435161

42. 470-Million-year-old black corals from China

Author:
Andrzej Baliński; Yuanlin Sun; Jerzy Dzik
Source:
Naturwissenschaften 2012 v.99 no.8 pp. 645-653
ISSN:
0028-1042
Subject:
Anthozoa; chitin; corals; fossils; phylogeny; prediction; China
Abstract:
... Phosphatic (possibly secondarily phosphatised) remains of antipatharian coralla, previously unknown in the fossil record, occur abundantly in the early Ordovician Fenxiang Formation in the Hubei Province, southern China. Probably two species (and genera) are represented, which differ in spinosity of branches. The more spinose one, Sinopathes reptans, has its lateral spines bearing regular, longitu ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00114-012-0947-8
PubMed:
22790835
PubMed Central:
PMC3407557

43. 5-Carboxylcytosine is localized to euchromatic regions in the nuclei of follicular cells in axolotl ovary

Author:
Anthony Alioui; Lee M. Wheldon; Abdulkadir Abakir; Zoltan Ferjentsik; Andrew D. Johnson; Alexey Ruzov
Source:
Nucleus 2012 v.3 no.6 pp. 565-569
ISSN:
1949-1042
Subject:
5-methylcytosine; demethylation; epigenetics; genes; mice
Abstract:
... 5-Methylcytosine (5-mC) is an epigenetic modification associated with gene repression. Recent studies demonstrated that 5-mC can be enzymatically oxidised into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and further into 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-carboxylcytsine (5-caC). 5-caC has been found in embryonic stem cells and in mouse pre-implantation embryos but no detectable levels of this modification have been repor ...
DOI:
10.4161/nucl.22799
PubMed:
23138778
PubMed Central:
PMC3515539

44. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine – the elusive epigenetic mark in mammalian DNA

Author:
Edita Kriukienė; Zita Liutkevičiūtė; Saulius Klimašauskas
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2012 v.41 no.21 pp. 6916-6930
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
DNA; DNA demethylation; DNA methylation; brain; cell differentiation; embryogenesis; embryonic stem cells; epigenetics; genome; human diseases; humans; iron; mice; neurons; nucleobases; oxygenases
Abstract:
... Over the past decade, epigenetic phenomena claimed a central role in cell regulatory processes and proved to be important factors for understanding complex human diseases. One of the best understood epigenetic mechanisms is DNA methylation. In the mammalian genome, cytosines (C) were long known to exist in two functional states: unmethylated or methylated at the 5-position of the pyrimidine ring ( ...
DOI:
10.1039/c2cs35104h
PubMed:
22842880
PubMed Central:
PMC3467341

45. 500,000 fish phenotypes: The new informatics landscape for evolutionary and developmental biology of the vertebrate skeleton

Author:
P. Mabee; J. P. Balhoff; W. M. Dahdul; H. Lapp; P. E. Midford; T. J. Vision; M. Westerfield
Source:
Journal of applied ichthyology 2012 v.28 no.3 pp. 300-305
ISSN:
0175-8659
Subject:
Danio rerio; evolution; fish; genes; landscapes; phenotype; skeleton
Abstract:
... The rich phenotypic diversity that characterizes the vertebrate skeleton results from evolutionary changes in regulation of genes that drive development. Although relatively little is known about the genes that underlie the skeletal variation among fish species, significant knowledge of genetics and development is available for zebrafish. Because developmental processes are highly conserved, this ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0426.2012.01985.x
PubMed:
22736877
PubMed Central:
PMC3377363

46. 5′-Terminal chemical capping of spliced leader RNAs

Author:
Karolina Piecyk; Richard E. Davis; Marzena Jankowska-Anyszka
Source:
Tetrahedron letters 2012 v.53 no.36 pp. 4843-4847
ISSN:
0040-4039
Subject:
Nematoda; biotin; chemical reactions; chemical structure; messenger RNA; mutants; nucleotides; organic compounds; trans-splicing; translation (genetics)
Abstract:
... Spliced leader (SL) RNA trans-splicing adds a N²,N²,7-trimethylguanosine cap (TMG) and a 22-nucleotide sequence, the SL, to the 5′ end of mRNAs. Both non-trans-spliced with a monomethylguanosine cap (MMG) and trans-spliced mRNAs co-exist in trans-splicing metazoan cells. Efficient translation of TMG-capped mRNAs in nematodes requires a defined core of nucleotides within the SL sequence. Here we pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.06.127
PubMed:
23175583
PubMed Central:
PMC3501006

47. 5′UTR-intron of the Gladiolus polyubiquitin promoter GUBQ1 enhances translation efficiency in Gladiolus and Arabidopsis

Author:
Kathryn Kamo; Ah-Young Kim; Se Hee Park; Young Hee Joung
Source:
BMC Plant Biology 2012 v.12 no. pp. 79-88
ISSN:
1471-2229
Subject:
5' untranslated regions; Arabidopsis thaliana; Gladiolus; Southern blotting; beta-glucuronidase; gene expression; genetic transformation; introns; leaves; promoter regions; reporter genes; roots; transgenic plants; translation (genetics); ubiquitin
Abstract:
... There are many non-cereal monocots of agronomic, horticultural, and biofuel importance. Successful transformation of these species requires an understanding of factors controlling expression of their genes. Introns have been known to affect both the level and tissue-specific expression of genes in dicots and cereal monocots, but there have been no studies on an intron isolated from a non-cereal mo ...
Handle:
10113/56980
DOI:
10.1186/1471-2229-12-79
PubMed:
22672685
PubMed Central:
PMC3406973

48. 6-Gingerdiols as the Major Metabolites of 6-Gingerol in Cancer Cells and in Mice and Their Cytotoxic Effects on Human Cancer Cells

Author:
Lv Lishuang; Chen Huadong; Soroka Dominique; Chen Xiaoxin; Leung TinChung; Sang Shengmin
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2012 v.60 no.45 pp. 11372-11377
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Zingiber officinale; anticarcinogenic activity; colorectal neoplasms; cytotoxicity; humans; lung neoplasms; metabolites; mice; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Abstract:
... 6-Gingerol, a major pungent component of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae), has been reported to have antitumor activities. However, the metabolic fate of 6-gingerol and the contribution of its metabolites to the observed activities are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the biotransformation of 6-gingerol in different cancer cells and in mice, purified and ident ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf303879b
PubMed:
23066935
PubMed Central:
PMC3649839

49. 6′-Oxa analogs of S-adenosylhomocysteine

Author:
Weikuan Li; Wei Ye; Stewart W. Schneller
Source:
Tetrahedron 2012 v.68 no.1 pp. 65-71
ISSN:
0040-4020
Subject:
S-adenosylmethionine; chemical structure; methylation
Abstract:
... S-Adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) is a ubiquitous cofactor in biomethylations and, in that role, becomes S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy), which serves as a biofeedback inhibitor of the methylation process. In seeking to avail unexplored structural variations of AdoHcy for biological studies, its 6′-oxa analog and two corresponding carbocyclic nucleosides (based on aristeromycin and neplanocin) have be ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tet.2011.10.063
PubMed:
22489098
PubMed Central:
PMC3320718

50. 7,8,3′-Trihydroxyflavone, a potent small molecule TrkB receptor agonist, protects spiral ganglion neurons from degeneration both in vitro and in vivo

Author:
Qing Yu; Qing Chang; Xia Liu; Shusheng Gong; Keqiang Ye; Xi Lin
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2012 v.422 no.3 pp. 387-392
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
agonists; ears; ganglia; hearing disorders; mice; neurons; receptor protein-tyrosine kinase
Abstract:
... Most sensorineural hearing loss cases occur as a result of hair cell loss, which results in secondary degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Substantial loss of SGNs reduces the benefit of cochlear implants, which rely on SGNs for transmitting signals to the central auditory centers. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) play essential roles in cochlear develo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.04.154
PubMed:
22575512
PubMed Central:
PMC3388121