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You searched for: Publication Year 2009 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2009 Subject Brazil Remove constraint Subject: Brazil
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1. 'Swingle' citrumelo propagation by cuttings for citrus nursery tree production or inarching

Author:
Mourão Filho, Francisco de Assis Alves; Girardi, Eduardo Augusto; Thadeu Zarate do Couto, Hilton
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2009 v.120 no.2 pp. 207-212
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
orchards; vegetative propagation; explants; rooting; rootstocks; plant nurseries; grafting (plants); Poncirus trifoliata; plant cuttings; Citrus paradisi; Brazil
Abstract:
... 'Swingle' citrumelo [Citrus paradisi MacFadenx Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] has been extensively used as a rootstock in several citrus growing regions of the World, including Southern Brazil where 'Rangpur' lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck) is still the predominant variety despite being affected by several important pathogens. In this case, 'Swingle' citrumelo is used to produce nursery trees to esta ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2008.11.001

2. The 1877-1878 El Niño episode: associated impacts in South America

Author:
Aceituno, Patricio; Prieto, Maríadel del Rosario; Solari, María Eugenia; Martínez, Alejandra; Poveda, Germán; Falvey, Mark
Source:
Climatic change 2009 v.92 no.3-4 pp. 389-416
ISSN:
0165-0009
Subject:
El Nino; basins; climate change; coasts; drought; floods; greenhouse effect; highlands; humans; people; rain; semiarid zones; starvation; winter; Africa; Andes region; Asia; Brazil; Chile; Ecuador
Abstract:
... At times when attention on climate issues is strongly focused on the assessment of potential impacts of future climate change due to the intensification of the planetary greenhouse effect, it is perhaps pertinent to look back and explore the consequences of past climate variability. In this article we examine a large disruption in global climate that occurred during 1877-1878, when human influence ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10584-008-9470-5

3. Abelhas Euglossina (Hymenoptera: Apidae) em área de restinga do nordeste do Maranhão

Author:
Silva, Orleans; Rego, Márcia M.C.; Albuquerque, Patrícia M.C.; Ramos, Marina C.
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2009 v.38 no.2 pp. 186-196
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
Euglossa; Eulaema; insect nests; species diversity; seasonal variation; Brazil
Abstract:
... The bees of subtribe Euglossina are an important component of neotropical fauna and have greater species diversity in tropical forests than in spits. They play an important role in the pollination of several plant species and are considered good indicators of environmental conditions. From February 2005 to January 2006, a total of 429 specimens belonging to three genera [Euglossa (Latreille), Eula ...
DOI:
10.1590/S1519-566X2009000200004

4. Access to land, livestock production and ecosystem conservation in the Brazilian Campos biome: The natural grasslands dilemma

Author:
Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio; Batello, Caterina
Source:
Livestock science 2009 v.120 no.1-2 pp. 158-162
ISSN:
1871-1413
Subject:
grasslands; stocking rate; environmental law; livestock production; land policy; ecosystem management; land; habitat conservation; conservation practices; grazing management; ecosystems; environmental protection; habitats; overgrazing; environmental monitoring; Brazil
Abstract:
... How to improve access to land and livestock production in synergy with ecosystem conservation? The paradigm occurring in natural grasslands of the Southern Brazilian Campos biome is used to illustrate the dilemma. This paper aims to contribute by addressing the technical bases being used by legislations concerning access to land and incentive to production and their consequences for natural grassl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.livsci.2008.04.012

5. Acetylcholinesterase activity of alkaloids from the leaves of Waltheria brachypetala

Author:
Lima, Murilo M.C.; Lopez, Jorge A.; David, Jorge M.; Silva, Eliezer P.; Giulietti, Ana M.; Queiroz, Luciano P. de; David, Juceni P.
Source:
Planta medica 2009 v.75 no.4 pp. 335-337
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
Malvaceae; medicinal plants; phytochemicals; quinolizidine alkaloids; medicinal properties; acetylcholinesterase; enzyme activity; enzyme inhibition; chemical structure; spectral analysis; traditional medicine; erythrocytes; cultured cells; human health; Brazil
DOI:
10.1055/s-0028-1112215
PubMed:
19101888

6. Acid and thermal resistance of a Salmonella enteritidis strain involved in several foodborne outbreaks

Author:
Malheiros, P.S.; Brandelli, A.; Norena, C.P.Z.; Tondo, E.C.
Source:
Journal of food safety 2009 v.29 no.2 pp. 302-317
ISSN:
0149-6085
Subject:
acid tolerance; bacterial contamination; heat tolerance; Salmonella Enteritidis; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; food pathogens; pandemic; salmonellosis; pH; temperature; strains; culture media; Brazil
Abstract:
... Acid and thermal resistances of a Salmonella enteritidis strain involved in several foodborne outbreaks in southern Brazil were compared with other two Salmonella serovars. Strains were cultivated in Nutrient Broth supplemented with 1% glucose for acid adaptation, and then cells were exposed to different pH and temperatures. Survivors were enumerated and cellular proteins were analyzed by sodium d ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-4565.2009.00158.x

7. Acquisition and transmission of Hepatozoon canis (Apicomplexa: Hepatozoidae) by the tick Amblyomma ovale (Acari: Ixodidae)

Author:
Rubini, A.S.; Paduan, K.S.; Martins, T.F.; Labruna, M.B.; O'Dwyer, L.H.
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2009 v.164 no.2-4 pp. 324-327
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
vector competence; dogs; dog diseases; Amblyomma; Hepatozoon canis; protozoal infections; nucleotide sequences; pathogen identification; host-parasite relationships; disease transmission; oocysts; hemolymph; gametocytes; polymerase chain reaction; sequence analysis; Brazil
Abstract:
... The present study aimed to evaluate under controlled conditions the acquisition of Hepatozoon canis by Amblyomma ovale after feeding on infected dogs, and the subsequent induction of infection in uninfected dogs that ingested the experimentally infected ticks. Two H. canis naturally infected dogs were infested with A. ovale adult ticks derived from an uninfected laboratory tick colony. After feedi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.05.009
PubMed:
19501969

8. Adaptation of tropical and subtropical pine plantation forestry to climate change: Realignment of Pinus patula and Pinus tecunumanii genotypes to 2020 planting site climates

Author:
Leibing, Christoph; Zonneveld, Maarten van; Jarvis, Andrew; Dvorak, William
Source:
Scandinavian journal of forest research 2009 v.24 no.6 pp. 483-493
ISSN:
0282-7581
Subject:
tree growth; decision support systems; forest trees; plantation forestry; seeds; equations; Pinus patula; Pinus tecunumanii; climate change; spatial data; environmental factors; growth models; provenance; genetic variation; algorithms; South Africa; Brazil; Colombia
DOI:
10.1080/02827580903378642

9. Additional data on Aorolaimus banoae (Rashid, Geraert & Sharma, 1987) from the Brazilian Atlantic forest

Author:
Rosangela A. Silva; Rosana Bessi; Ailton R. Monteiro; Mário M. Inomoto
Source:
Nematology v.11 no.1 pp. 47-50
ISSN:
1388-5545
Subject:
fauna; forests; morphometry; nematology; Brazil
Abstract:
... A population of the little-known species Aorolaimus banoae was collected in the municipality of Cananéia, São Paulo state, Brazil, in a remnant of the once far more extensive Brazilian Atlantic Forest. As the original description of this species was based on only three females and nine males, additional morphometric and morphological data, including SEM studies, are presented. It is suggested that ...
DOI:
10.1163/156854108X398408

10. Additional information on an atypical population of Meloidogyne exigua Göldi, 1887 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) parasitising rubber tree in Brazil

Author:
Maria de Fátima Muniz; Vicente Paulo Campos; Maria Ritta A. Almeida; Ana Cristina M.M. Gomes; Marcilene F. dos Santos; Fabiane de Castro Mota; Regina M.D.G. Carneiro
Source:
Nematology v.11 no.1 pp. 95-106
ISSN:
1388-5545
Subject:
Hevea brasiliensis; Meloidogyne; chromosome number; esterases; females; haploidy; males; meiosis; morphometry; nematology; parthenogenesis; stylets; Brazil
Abstract:
... Females, males and second-stage juveniles of an unusual population of Meloidogyne exigua race 3 that only parasitises the rubber tree were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Previous molecular characterisation, using SCAR markers, showed consistency with other M. exigua populations from coffee. However, RAPD analysis showed high polymorphism (43.1-57.8%) but with 100% bootstrap su ...
DOI:
10.1163/156854108X398444

11. Advanced swine manure treatment and utilization in Brazil

Author:
Kunz, A.; Miele, M.; Steinmetz, R.L.R.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2009 v.100 no.22 pp. 5485-5489
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
livestock production; liquid manure; manure storage; pig manure; Brazil
Abstract:
... Animal production has changed from subsistence to an industrial model, lowering production costs but giving rise to higher potential environmental impact. When the effluents are not correctly managed, serious pollution events can occur. In Brazil liquid manure is commonly stored in reception pits or covered lagoons (biodigestors), followed by land application as a biofertilizer. In some regions th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2008.10.039
PubMed:
19128963

12. Aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxin B₁ in commercial pet food in Brazil

Author:
S. Campos; L. Keller; L. Cavaglieri; C. Krüger; M. Fernández Juri; A. Dalcero; C. Magnoli; C. Rosa
Source:
World mycotoxin journal 2009 v.2 no.1 pp. 85-90
ISSN:
1875-0796
Subject:
Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus parasiticus; Fusarium; Penicillium; aflatoxin B1; food contamination; fungi; pet foods; plate count; risk; storage conditions; toxigenic strains; Brazil
Abstract:
... The aims of this study were to determine the aflatoxigenic mycoflora and the incidence of aflatoxin B₁ in commercial samples of ready dog food. This in turn demonstrated the ability of the Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus strains to produce aflatoxin B₁. 180 samples (standard, premium and super premium) were collected. Aspergillus was the prevalent genera followed by Penicillium and ...
DOI:
10.3920/WMJ2008.1020

13. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in Brazilian paprika

Author:
Shundo, Luzia; Almeida, Adriana P. de; Alaburda, Janete; Lamardo, Leda C.A.; Navas, Sandra A.; Ruvieri, Valter; Sabino, Myrna
Source:
Food control 2009 v.20 no.12 pp. 1099-1102
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
aflatoxins; ochratoxin A; paprika; food analysis; food composition; Aspergillus; Capsicum annuum; food contamination; Brazil
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2009.02.008

14. Aflatoxins evaluation on in-shell and shelled dry Brazil nuts for export analysed by LC-MS/MS - 2006 and 2007 harvests

Author:
A. Pacheco; V. Scussel
Source:
World mycotoxin journal 2009 v.2 no.3 pp. 295-304
ISSN:
1875-0796
Subject:
Brazil nuts; European Union; aflatoxins; atmospheric pressure; bags; commercialization; environmental factors; exports; ionization; mass spectrometry; relative humidity; temperature; water activity; water content; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... Dry in-shell and shelled Brazil nuts from two different harvests were evaluated for aflatoxins by LC-tandem mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation in the positive mode. A total of 171 samples of Brazil nuts for export, comprising 108 in-shell and 63 shelled (large, medium and small sizes) were collected in a factory located at Manaus city, State of Amazonas, in the Brazili ...
DOI:
10.3920/WMJ2008.1077

15. Age and growth of the striped mullet, Mugil platanus (Actinopterygii, Mugilidae), in a southwestern Atlantic coastal lagoon (37°32'S-57°19'W): a proposal for a life-history model

Author:
González Castro, M.; Abachian, V.; Perrotta, R.G.
Source:
Journal of applied ichthyology 2009 v.25 no.1 pp. 61-66
ISSN:
0175-8659
Subject:
Mugil cephalus; economic resources; gonadosomatic index; life history; longevity; maturity stage; models; mortality; Argentina; Brazil
Abstract:
... Species of Mugilidae are an important economic resource supporting several small communities in Argentina and Brazil through fishing. The growth parameters of the von Bertalanffy model, age limit (t₀.₉₅) and natural mortality (M) for the striped mullet (Mugil platanus) Günther, 1880, in the Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon (37°32'S-57°19'W) were estimated. These results constitute the first estimated v ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01170.x

16. Agribusiness Opportunity Costs and Environmental Legal Protection: Investigating Trade-Off on Hotspot Preservation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Author:
Igari, Alexandre Toshiro; Tambosi, Leandro Reverberi; Pivello, Vânia Regina
Source:
Environmental management 2009 v.44 no.2 pp. 346-355
ISSN:
0364-152X
Subject:
agribusiness; agricultural policy; agricultural products; arable soils; biodiversity; cerrado; compliance; conservation areas; deforestation; interest (finance); land use; managers; opportunity costs; prices; private lands; profitability; savannas; spatial data; Brazil
Abstract:
... Prior to deforestation, São Paulo State had 79,000 km² covered by Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) physiognomies, but today less than 8.5% of this biodiversity hotspot remains, mostly in private lands. The global demand for agricultural goods has imposed strong pressure on natural areas, and the economic decisions of agribusiness managers are crucial to the fate of Cerrado domain remaining areas (CDRA) ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00267-009-9322-8
PubMed:
19536591

17. Agroecology as a science, a movement and a practice. A review

Author:
Wezel, A.; Bellon, S.; Dore, T.; Francis, C.; Vallod, D.; David, C.
Source:
Agronomy for sustainable development 2009 v.29 no.4 pp. 503-515
Subject:
history; agroecosystems; sustainable agriculture; case studies; Germany; United States; France; Brazil
Abstract:
... Agroecology involves various approaches to solve actual challenges of agricultural production. Though agroecology initially dealt primarily with crop production and protection aspects, in recent decades new dimensions such as environmental, social, economic, ethical and development issues are becoming relevant. Today, the term `agroecology' means either a scientific discipline, agricultural practi ...

18. Allele frequency of the spider lamb syndrome in Brazilian Hampshire Down and Suffolk flocks

Author:
Passos, D.T.; Rodrigues, E.E.; Rodrigues, N.C.; Ribeiro, L.A.O.; Weimer, T.A.
Source:
Small ruminant research 2009 v.83 no.1-3 pp. 79-81
ISSN:
0921-4488
Subject:
breed differences; Hampshire (sheep breed); alleles; fibroblast growth factors; bone diseases; flocks; mutation; heterozygosity; sheep diseases; genetic disorders; lambs; abnormal development; gene frequency; receptors; Suffolk (sheep breed); Brazil
Abstract:
... The spider lamb syndrome (SLS) is an autosomal recessive condition of sheep, characterized by severe bone lesions. The disease is caused by a mutation at codon 700 of the gene fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), resulting in a valine (V) to glutamate (E) substitution, and leading to an abnormal bone growth. Congenital diseases as SLS may have an important impact on animal production. The ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.smallrumres.2009.03.003

19. Allocation of hunting effort by Amazonian smallholders: Implications for conserving wildlife in mixed-use landscapes

Author:
Parry, Luke; Barlow, Jos; Peres, Carlos A.
Source:
Biological conservation 2009 v.142 no.8 pp. 1777-1786
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
game birds; resource allocation; Eucalyptus; tropical forests; wildlife management; fallow; secondary forests; villages; sport hunting; remote sensing; mammals; forest plantations; Brazil; Amazonia
Abstract:
... Most tropical forest landscapes are modified by humans, but the effects of these changes on rural hunting patterns and hunted vertebrate populations remain poorly understood. We investigated subsistence hunting patterns across a highly heterogeneous landscape mosaic in the Brazilian Amazon, where hunters from three villages had access to primary forest, active and fallow agricultural fields, and a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2009.03.018

20. Amanita lippiae: a new species from the semi-arid caatinga region of Brazil

Author:
Felipe Wartchow; Rodham E. Tulloss; Maria A.Q. Cavalcanti
Source:
Mycologia 2009 v.101 no.6 pp. 864-870
ISSN:
1557-2536
Subject:
Amanita; semiarid zones; new species; fungal anatomy; Brazil
Abstract:
... Amanita lippiae is described as a new species from a semi-arid (caatinga) region of northeastern Brazil. It possesses clampless basidia and elongate to nearly cylindrical inamyloid basidiospores, bears irregular remains of universal veil on the stipe bulb and is a gemmatoid species assignable to Amanita sect. Amanita. ...
DOI:
10.3852/08-106
PubMed:
19927752