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1. Demographic Variability, Vaccination, and the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Rotavirus Epidemics

Author:
Pitzer, Virginia E.; Viboud, Cécile; Simonsen, Lone; Steiner, Claudia; Panozzo, Catherine A.; Alonso, Wladimir J.; Miller, Mark A.; Glass, Roger I.; Glasser, John W.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Grenfell, Bryan T.
Source:
Science 2009 v.325 no.5938 pp. 290-294
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
Rotavirus; autumn; birth rate; disease outbreaks; models; spatial variation; temporal variation; vaccination; United States
Abstract:
... Historically, annual rotavirus activity in the United States has started in the southwest in late fall and ended in the northeast 3 months later; this trend has diminished in recent years. Traveling waves of infection or local environmental drivers cannot account for these patterns. A transmission model calibrated against epidemiological data shows that spatiotemporal variation in birth rate can e ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1172330
PubMed:
19608910
PubMed Central:
PMC3010406

2. Restoring a keystone predator may endanger a prey species in a human‐altered ecosystem: the return of the snow leopard to Sagarmatha National Park

Author:
S. Lovari; R. Boesi; I. Minder; N. Mucci; E. Randi; A. Dematteis; S. B. Ale
Source:
Animal conservation 2009 v.12 no.6 pp. 559-570
ISSN:
1367-9430
Subject:
Moschus; Panthera uncia; autumn; biodiversity; birth rate; cats; cattle; deer; diet; ecosystems; extinction; national parks; predation; risk; single nucleotide polymorphism; summer
Abstract:
... Twenty‐five years ago, the snow leopard Uncia uncia, an endangered large cat, was eliminated from what is now Sagarmatha National Park (SNP). Heavy hunting pressure depleted that area of most medium–large mammals, before it became a park. After three decades of protection, the cessation of hunting and the recovery of wild ungulate populations, snow leopards have recently returned (four individuals ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00285.x