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You searched for: Publication Year 2008 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2008 Source 2008 v.24 no.2 Remove constraint Source: 2008 v.24 no.2
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1. 'My land, your social transformation': Conflicts within the landless people movement (MST), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Author:
Caldeira, R.
Source:
Journal of rural studies 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 150-160
ISSN:
0743-0167
Subject:
land reform; Brazil
Abstract:
... The Brazilian Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem-Terra (MST) is one of the best-known and most prominent rural social movements. The unequal distribution of land in Brazil, and the neglect of this problem by successive Brazilian governments contributed greatly to the organisation of rural movements striving for the implementation of land reform in the country. The struggle for land therefore f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.12.001

2. A Practical Method to Predict Performance Curves of Centrifugal Water Pumps

Author:
Fatsis, A.; Panoutsopoulou, A.; Vlachakis, V.; Vlachakis, N.
Source:
Applied engineering in agriculture 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 153-157
ISSN:
0883-8542
Subject:
mathematical models; power requirement; water flow; equipment performance; centrifugal pumps; prediction
Abstract:
... A simple numerical model was developed to predict the performance curves of centrifugal water pumps. The model inputs are easily obtainable pump geometrical data and empirical coefficients experimentally determined or found in the literature. The predicted pump characteristic curves for pressure head, volumetric efficiency, and power required to drive the pump were compared to experimental data ob ...

3. A Web-Based Information System for MCNP Simulation of Irradiation of Complex Shaped Foods

Author:
Huang, Y.; Kim, J.; Moreira, R.G.; Castell-Perez, M.E.
Source:
Applied engineering in agriculture 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 233-242
ISSN:
0883-8542
Subject:
simulation models; Monte Carlo method; food processing; food irradiation; computed tomography; databases
Abstract:
... A Web-based integrated system was developed for data manipulation and management for particle transport simulation in foods. Particle transport simulation of foods is an important food irradiation technique for dosimetry assessment of a given irradiation system to deliver the required dose to the products intended for treatment. A CT (Computed Tomography) based 3-D geometric modeling technique for ...

4. A decision support framework for identifying soil constraints to the agricultural productivity of tropical upland soils

Author:
Moody, P.W.; Cong, P.T.; Legrand, J.; Chon, N.Q.
Source:
Soil use and management 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 148-155
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
Acrisols; Ferralsols; Tithonia diversifolia; Zea mays; acidification; aluminum; available water capacity; cation exchange capacity; clay; corn; data collection; databases; field experimentation; geographic information systems; phosphorus; phosphorus fertilizers; plant available water; rivers; soil pH; soil resource management; soil surveys; toxicity; upland soils; water holding capacity; watersheds; Queensland; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Sustainable agricultural systems are based on managing soils according to their capabilities and constraints. To facilitate the identification of constraints and appropriate management strategies for upland soils, a decision support framework 'Soil Constraints and Management Package' (SCAMP) has been developed. Basic soil data (both field and laboratory) are entered into an Access database and are ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00145.x

5. A model to predict outbreak periods of the pest blackfly Simulium chutteri Lewis (simuliidae, Diptera) in the Great Fish River, Eastern Cape province, South Africa

Author:
Rivers-Moore, N.A.; Hughes, D.A.; de Moor, F.C.
Source:
River research and applications 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 132-147
ISSN:
1535-1459
Subject:
Simulium; control methods; habitats; hydrology; macroinvertebrates; models; pests; rivers; spring; water temperature; South Africa
Abstract:
... Elevated, more constant flows characterize the current flow regime of the Great Fish River (Eastern Cape province, South Africa) following the completion of an interbasin transfer scheme (IBT) in 1977, where prior to this the winter months were often characterized by zero flows. Changes in aquatic macroinvertebrate communities, and in particular outbreaks of the pest blackfly Simulium chutteri Lew ...
DOI:
10.1002/rra.1055

6. A portable integrated rainfall and overland flow simulator

Author:
Alves S.obrinho, T.; Gómez-M.acpherson, H.; Gómez, J.A.
Source:
Soil use and management 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 163-170
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
energy; equipment; overland flow; people; rain; rain intensity; rainfall simulation; soil; stainless steel
Abstract:
... This paper describes a prototype of a portable rainfall simulator that can simulate a wide range of rainfall intensities with a kinetic energy similar to that of natural rainfall and, more innovatively, provide simultaneous or independent simulations of rainfall and overland flow at the microplot scale (0.70 m²). The design of the rotating shutter disc makes possible a wide range of rainfall inten ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00150.x

7. A test of a winter farm management option for mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from a dairy farm

Author:
Luo, J.; Ledgard, S.F.; Lindsey, S.B.
Source:
Soil use and management 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 121-130
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
autumn; climate change; cows; dairy farming; farm management; farms; grazing; greenhouse gas emissions; inventories; land application; nitrous oxide; pastures; soil; volatilization; wet season; winter; New Zealand
Abstract:
... A trial was conducted in 2004 and 2005 to evaluate the effect of a stand-off winter stock management system on nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from a dairy farm in New Zealand. The management system consisted of removing cows from pasture after grazing for 6 h per day and keeping them on a stand-off pad for the rest of the day during the late autumn/winter seasons in order to reduce soil physical da ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00140.x

8. Aerobiological study of Fagaceae pollen in the middle-west of Spain

Author:
Rodríguez de la Cruz, David; Sánchez Reyes, Estefanía; Sánchez Sánchez, José
Source:
Aerobiologia 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 67-76
ISSN:
0393-5965
Subject:
Castanea; Fagus; Quercus; correlation; pollen; rain; relative humidity; spring; temperature; wind; Spain
Abstract:
... The concentration of airborne Fagaceae pollen in Salamanca and the correlations with some meteorological parameters have been examined. Castanea and Quercus pollen grains were collected from 1998 to 2004 using a Burkard spore trap. No pollen grains of Fagus were found. The main pollen season took place in April and May for Quercus and in June and July for Castanea. Yearly variations on these dates ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10453-007-9083-x

9. Agriculture, communities, and new social movements: East European ruralities in the process of restructuring

Author:
Gorlach, K.; Lostak, M.; Mooney, P.H.
Source:
Journal of rural studies 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 161-171
ISSN:
0743-0167
Subject:
rural communities; Eastern European region
Abstract:
... This paper examines the usefulness of the new social movements (NSMs) paradigm in the changing context of East European post-communist societies and their agricultural systems and rural communities. Starting with statements formulated in Western sociology in the context of Western democratic societies about NSMs as a protest against modernity, the paper analyses the role of such movements in the s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.12.003

10. Alcohol Consumption and Injury Among Canadian Adolescents: Variations by Urban-Rural Geographic Status

Author:
Jiang, Xuran; Li, Dongguang; Boyce, William; Pickett, William
Source:
Journal of rural health 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 143-147
ISSN:
0890-765X
Subject:
rural health care; alcohol abuse; adolescents; rural areas; urban areas; wounds and injuries; risk assessment; Canada
Abstract:
... Context:The impact of alcohol consumption on risks for injury among rural adolescents is an important and understudied public health issue. Little is known about whether relationships between alcohol consumption and injury vary between rural and urban adolescents. Purpose: To examine associations between alcohol and medically attended injuries by urban-rural geographic status using a representativ ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1748-0361.2008.00150.x
PubMed:
18397448

11. An evaluation of furrows for managing soil and water loss from a shallow Alfisol under simulated rainfall

Author:
Mishra, P.K.; Vasudeva R.eddy, C.h.; Satish K.umar, U.
Source:
Soil use and management 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 171-180
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
Alfisols; arid lands; furrows; rain; rain intensity; rainfall simulation; runoff; sediments; semiarid zones; spatial distribution; topographic slope; water conservation; India
Abstract:
... Furrows are widely used in rainfed areas of semi-arid India for soil and water conservation. The orientation of furrows, either down or across slope, and their spacing influence the effectiveness of furrows as soil and water conservation measures. We evaluated treatments with furrows aligned down and across 3% sloping land at spacings of 90, 60 and 30 cm under simulated rainfall intensities of 80 ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00152.x

12. An experimental assessment of the effectiveness of gravel cleaning operations in improving hyporheic water quality in potential salmonid spawning areas

Author:
Meyer, E.I.; Niepagenkemper, O.; Molls, F.; Spänhoff, B.
Source:
River research and applications 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 119-131
ISSN:
1535-1459
Subject:
Salmo salar; Salmo trutta; cleaning; dissolved oxygen; fish; gravel; rivers; spawning; water quality; water temperature; Germany
Abstract:
... Dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions within the hyporheic zone were investigated in a gravel stream (River Sieg) in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany, populated in the spawning season by recurring migratory fish species, like Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and sea trout (Salmo trutta trutta L.). The gravel bed was cleaned at three sites in an area of approximately 150 m² to a depth of 50 cm, reducing ...
DOI:
10.1002/rra.1051

13. Application of DRAINMOD-Ks -STMAX to Predict Deep Chiseling Effects on a Drained Southern Alluvial Soil

Author:
Moriasi, D.N.; Fouss, J.L.; Hall, S.G.; Kornecki, T.S.
Source:
Applied engineering in agriculture 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 193-202
ISSN:
0883-8542
Subject:
silt loam soils; chiseling; deep tillage; alluvial soils; infiltration (hydrology); subsurface drainage; agricultural runoff; saturated hydraulic conductivity; rain; hydrologic models; Louisiana
Abstract:
... Deep chiseling in heavy drained soils can help increase infiltration and hence reduce erosion, potentially enhancing growth by reducing excess water in the root zone and reducing nutrient losses through the reduction of runoff to surface waters. The goals of this study were to apply DRAINMOD-K s -STMAX, a modified form of the water management model, DRAINMOD 1) to predict the effects of deep chise ...
Handle:
10113/20259

14. Assessing boat damage to seagrass bed habitat in a Florida park from a bioeconomics perspective

Author:
Engeman, R.M.; Duquesnel, J.A.; Cowan, E.M.; Smith, H.T.; Shwiff, S.A.; Karlin, M.
Source:
Journal of coastal research 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 527-532
ISSN:
1551-5036
Subject:
habitat destruction; estimation; bioeconomic models; contingent valuation; habitat conservation; cost benefit analysis; anthropogenic activities; ecological restoration; aquatic habitat; boats; aquatic plants; Florida
Abstract:
... Seagrass bed habitat is an important biotic community in decline worldwide. Boat damage has long been recognized for its negative impacts on shallow-water seagrass beds, with those along the Florida coast particularly vulnerable in the face of a large human population possessing a large number of boats. Boat scars to seagrass beds recover slowly, resulting in new damage that often outpaces recover ...
Handle:
10113/15645
DOI:
10.2112/06-0703.1

15. Bacterial wilt and spot of tomato caused by Xanthomonas vesicatoria and Ralstonia solanacearum in Egypt

Author:
Abd-Alla, Mohamed H.; bashandy, Shymaa R.
Source:
World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 291-292
ISSN:
0959-3993
Subject:
Ralstonia solanacearum; Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; Xanthomonas vesicatoria; bacteria; bacterial wilt; fruits; seedlings; tomatoes; wilting; yeasts; Egypt
Abstract:
... Tomato fruits and seed lots were screened for the presence of Xanthomonas vesicatoria and Ralstonia solanacearum. Yellow colonies of Xanthomonas vesicatoria and white colonies of Ralstonia solanacearum were consistently isolated on yeast extract-dextrose-calcium carbonate agar medium (YDC) from diseased fruits and seed samples. This was confirmed by isolation on semi-selective medium such as Tween ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11274-007-9385-8

16. Bioprospecting for antagonistic Penicillium strains as a resource of new antitumor compounds

Author:
Nicoletti, Rosario; Buommino, Elisabetta; De Filippis, Anna; Lopez-Gresa, Maria Pilar; Manzo, Emiliano; Carella, Angela; Petrazzuolo, Marcella; Tufano, Maria Antonietta
Source:
World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 189-195
ISSN:
0959-3993
Subject:
Penicillium; antibiotics; antineoplastic agents; apoptosis; humans; neoplasm cells; screening; soil fungi
Abstract:
... Microorganisms are increasingly exploited as a source of new pharmaceuticals. Soil fungi are particularly promising to this regard since their biocenotic competitiveness is often based on the production of antibiotics and other inhibitory substances. About 15 Penicillium strains possessing some extent of antifungal ability were evaluated as a possible source of antitumor products based on the anti ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11274-007-9455-y

17. Biosynthesis and properties of an extracellular thermostable serine alkaline protease from Virgibacillus pantothenticus

Author:
Gupta, Amit; Joseph, Babu; Mani, Abin; Thomas, George
Source:
World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 237-243
ISSN:
0959-3993
Subject:
Virgibacillus pantothenticus; bacteria; biosynthesis; casein; chicken meat; cotton fabric; detergents; glucose; metal ions; pH; proteinases; temperature; thermal stability
Abstract:
... In this communication, we report the presence of a newly identified serine alkaline protease producing bacteria, Virgibacillus pantothenticus (MTCC 6729) in the fresh chicken meat samples and the factors affecting biosynthesis as well as characterization of protease. The strain produced only 14.3 U ml-¹ protease in the standard medium after 72 h of incubation, while in optimized culture conditions ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11274-007-9462-z

18. Building alliances: Defending immigrant rights in rural Oregon

Author:
Stephen, L.
Source:
Journal of rural studies 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 197-208
ISSN:
0743-0167
Subject:
politics; immigration; Oregon
Abstract:
... Political participation in the rural United States has often been narrowly defined within the confines of electoral politics. Increasingly, participants in rural US social movements have highlighted the shortcomings of democracy defined purely in terms of electoral politics in favour of a more participatory model of politics that focuses on the social and cultural rights of those who are often for ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.12.007

19. Caloric restriction and refeeding promoted different metabolic effects in fat depots and impaired dyslipidemic profile in rats

Author:
Duarte, Fernanda Oliveira; Sene-Fiorese, Marcela; Manzoni, Marla Simone Jovenasso; de Freitas, Laura Franco; Cheik, Nadia Carla; Garcia de Oliveira Duarte, Ana Claudia; Nonaka, Keico Okino; Dâmaso, Ana
Source:
Nutrition 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 177-186
ISSN:
0899-9007
Subject:
high density lipoprotein; high fat diet; blood lipids; restricted feeding; refeeding; hyperlipidemia; triacylglycerols; cholesterol; white adipose tissue; intestines; animal models; uptake mechanisms; rats; brown adipose tissue; low calorie diet; body fat
Abstract:
... Objective: We investigated the effects of severe caloric restriction and refeeding with a high-fat diet on lipid uptake by visceral adipose fat and lipid profile in rats. Methods: Rats were assigned to six groups: a chow diet (C), a high-fat diet (H), severe caloric restriction (SC and SH), and severe caloric restriction plus refeeding (SC-r and SH-r) during 8 wk. All animals were killed by decapi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.nut.2007.10.012
PubMed:
18068950

20. Changes of ghrelin and leptin in response to hypocaloric diet in obese patients

Author:
de Luis, Daniel Antonio; Sagrado, Manuel Gonzalez; Conde, Rosa; Aller, Rocio; Izaola, Olatz
Source:
Nutrition 2008 v.24 no.2 pp. 162-166
ISSN:
0899-9007
Subject:
adults; obesity; ghrelin; leptin; low calorie diet; blood chemistry; weight loss; cardiovascular diseases; risk factors; body fat; dietary protein
Abstract:
... Objective: Hypocaloric diet-induced weight loss produces a coordinated decrease in plasma leptin levels and an increase in plasma ghrelin levels. The aim of the present study was to determine whether subjects who lose significant weight experience changes in circulating ghrelin and leptin levels. Methods: A population of 66 obese patients was analyzed. Leptin, active ghrelin blood levels, and othe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.nut.2007.11.001
PubMed:
18165128