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... The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different cryopreservation conditions (CCs) for freezing and thawing boar ejaculates, focusing on those having sub-optimal sperm freezability. Using a split-ejaculate technique, single ejaculates from 53 boars were diluted in lactose-egg yolk extender, containing a final glycerol concentration (GLY) of 2 or 3%, packaged in 0.5 ...
... In contrast to the preimplantation mammalian embryo, it has been notoriously difficult to cryopreserve the metaphase II oocyte. The ability to store oocytes successfully at -196 °C has numerous practical and financial advantages, together with ethical considerations, and will positively impact animal breeding programs and assisted conception in the human. Differences in membrane permeability and i ...
... The objective of the present study was to investigate the synergistic effect of DMSO and glycerol added at various temperatures on the post-thaw quality of buffalo sperm. Pooled ejaculates from four Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls were divided into 18 aliquots and extended (1:10) in Tris-citric acid extender differing in glycerol:DMSO ratios (0:0, 0:1.5, 0:3; 3:0, 3:1.5, 3:3; and 6:0, 6:1.5, 6:3, respecti ...
DNA methylation; additives; amplified fragment length polymorphism; cryopreservation; free radicals; genetic stability; microalgae; mutants; mutation; phenotype; temperature
Abstract:
... Cryopreservation is the long-term, indefinite storage of living biological resources at ultralow temperatures. It is almost universally assumed that cryogenic storage supports genetic and phenotypic stability of organisms. However, certain components of the cryopreservation process, particularly some cryoprotective additives (CPAs) and free radical mediated cryoinjury, may potentially cause geneti ...
... The techniques used to prepare bovine spermatozoa for in vitro fertilization, to enhance the percentage of motile sperm cells include the swim-up (SU) method, among others. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the phosphatidylserine (PS) translocation and plasma membrane integrity as the indicator of apoptosis and necrosis in post-thaw bull sperm after SU treatment using annexin V-fl ...
... Reduced reproductive performance of dairy cows during the summer is often associated with elevated temperature. Semen collected and cryopreserved during the summer may be of low quality and might contribute to the compromised fertility of dairy cows during this season. The present study examined the association between seasonality, semen quality and its potential to survive cryopreservation. A com ...
... The viability or developmental ability of porcine embryos after slow-freezing and thawing differs depending on the embryonic stage or the batch, which is defined as a group of embryos obtained from one donor at one time. We froze porcine blastocysts in batches and assessed their cryotolerance by using two expanded blastocysts (EBs) as samples to predict the developmental potential of other blastoc ...
breed differences; buffaloes; bulls; morphometry; cryopreservation; male fertility; spermatozoa
Abstract:
... Sperm morphometry, in combination with other objective traits, can be useful for developing a fertility index. The objective of the present study was to measure various biometric end points of frozen-thawed sperm from eight breeds of Indian buffaloes (Murrah, Surti, Tarai, Mehsana, Jaffrabadi, Bhadawari, Pandharpuri and Nili-Ravi). The sperm head of Pandharpuri buffaloes had the greatest length (1 ...
sheep; artificial insemination; spermatozoa; cryopreservation; sex preselection; flow cytometry; male fertility; lambing rate
Abstract:
... The fertility of ram spermatozoa cryopreserved prior to, and following, sex-sorting by flow cytometry was assessed after insemination of mature Merino ewes at a synchronised estrus. Ewes were inseminated with spermatozoa from three rams, split into four treatment groups: 50 x 10⁶ motile non-sorted, frozen-thawed (Control50), 15 x 10⁶ motile non-sorted, frozen-thawed (Control15), 15 x 10⁶ motile se ...
... Artificial insemination and embryo transfer are used commonly in cattle production and exchange of germplasm between populations of cattle. If properly monitored, assisted reproductive techniques can be used to prevent the spread of infectious agents. However, these techniques potentially represent unnatural routes for transmission of diseases. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is broadly distrib ...
oleic acid; linoleic acid; Pteris vittata; Dryopteris filix-mas; spores; quantitative analysis; cryopreservation; Polystichum setiferum; Thelypteris; triacylglycerols; water content; ferns and fern allies; chemical constituents of plants; germplasm conservation; desiccation (plant physiology)
Abstract:
... Storing spores is a promising method to conserve genetic diversity of ferns ex situ. Inappropriate water contents or damaging effects of triacylglycerol (TAG) crystallization may cause initial damage and deterioration with time in spores placed at -15 °C or liquid nitrogen temperatures. We used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to monitor enthalpy and temperature of water and TAG phase trans ...
caseinates; cold storage; cryopreservation; dried skim milk; male fertility; protein composition; protein sources; semen; semen extenders; soy protein; spermatozoa; stallions; whey protein
Abstract:
... To maintain the fertility of stallion spermatozoa during cooled storage, extender media are added to semen. In this study, three semen extenders were compared: EquiPro which contains defined caseinates and whey proteins instead of dried skim milk. The extender is provided in dry form and dissolved in distilled water prior to use. EquiPro TM has the same composition as EquiPro but is provided in a ...
... In this study we demonstrate, in the frozen state, the architecture of frozen boar spermatozoa collected from the sperm-rich fraction of ejaculates (n = 13) from four fertile boars packed and split-frozen in medium-straws (MS) and MiniFlatPacks (MFP), cross-sectioned in the frozen state and evaluated by image analysis on images obtained by use of cryo-scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM). The t ...
... The effects of polyols (fructose, glucose, sorbitol, sucrose and xylose) on cryostructurization of barley mixed-linkage (1 leads to 3), (1 leads to 4) β-D-glucans (β-glucans) in the presence of skim milk proteins were investigated; three β-glucan isolates differing in molecular size (apparent molecular weight of 210, 140 and 70 x 10(3) Da) were used. Polyols were incorporated at 15% (w/w) concentr ...
... Besides the exponentially increasing number of mouse strains, the rising number of rat strains, due to the establishment of transgenic and coisogenic strains in this species, surpasses the capacity of most animal houses. Cryopreservation of gametes may be a means of solving these problems. Here we describe an easy and fast method for the cryopreservation and transplantation of frozen–thawed ovarie ...
... The influence of trehalose on European mouflon spermatozoa cryopreservation during the non-breeding season was tested. Semen was frozen in two different extenders: (a) recommended Tris-based ram extender (CTR); (b) CTR extender supplemented with trehalose 0.147 m m (TRH). Sperm viability and acrosome integrity were assessed using propidium iodide and fluorescein isothiocynate labelled Pisum Sativu ...
... Cryopreservation is an important technique in the long-term storage of plant germplasm. It can be less labor intensive and more reliable for preventing the loss of plants to disease than multiplying plants in the field or in vitro. The objective of this study was to develop a cryopreservation procedure to preserve our transgenic lines of Gladiolus without growing them each year under the special c ...
... This report presents details of a vitrification methodology for the cryopreservation of embryos of the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens. The overall summary of the data indicates that selecting the correct developmental stage for cryopreservation is the most important criterion. The key aspect in selection of the correct stage is to balance depletion of the gut yolk content against development ...
... Cryopreservation of poultry semen has been reported, but preservation of female genetic material has not been possible because of the large size of their yolk structure. Cryopreservation of primordial germ cells (PGCs) is an alternative way to preserve both female and male genetic material in chicken. In the present study, fertilized eggs were incubated for about 53 hours to obtain embryos at stag ...
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of 1 M dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PROH) and glycerol (GLY) to cryopreserve primordial follicles. The first evaluation was performed soon after cryopreservation and the second evaluation after 4 days of in vitro culture, using the cryoprotectants that allowed the higher results (higher follicular survival r ...
... TRIS-glucose or skim milk extenders are most commonly used for cryopreserving goat sperm. The aim of this study was to compare the ability of two extenders based on TRIS and skimmed milk buffer to maintain sperm viability after cryopreservation. Goat semen samples (n = 110) were frozen with TRIS and with milk extender and thaw. Sperm motion parameters, morphology and acrosomal integrity were asses ...
cytochalasin B; viability; cell cleavage; in vitro culture; cryopreservation; dimethyl sulfoxide; cryoprotectants; ethylene glycol; pretreatment; in vitro fertilization; oocytes; swine
Abstract:
... Cryopreservation of normal, lipid-containing porcine oocytes has had limited practical success. This study used solid surface vitrification (SSV) of immature germinal vesicle (GV) and mature meiosis II (MII) porcine oocytes and evaluated the effects of pretreatment with cytochalasin B, cryoprotectant type (dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (EG), or both), and warming method (two-step versu ...
... Experiments were carried out on sperm cryopreservation of two European percid fish species, the pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) and the Volga pikeperch (S. volgensis) . Two experiments were conducted on pikeperch sperm. In the first, the effects of three extenders (Glucose, KCl, Sucrose) and two cryoprotectants (dimethyl-sulfoxide: DMSO, methanol: MeOH) were tested on motility and fert ...
... The aim of the present study was to elaborate cryopreservation methods for ex situ conservation of tench. Success of cryopreservation was tested during two series of experiments. The first set of experiments studied the effects of two types of cryoprotectants (DMSO and a combination of DMSO with propanediol at ratio 1:1) at concentrations of 8 and 10% and three different equilibration times in two ...
... In this paper we describe a cryopreservation protocol followed by the culture of Symbiodinium sp. isolated from the Caribbean gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae as a potential renewable source of the dinoflagellate symbiont. Four different freezing protocols were designed: a controlled cooling device designed to cool at 1°C/min, a three-step protocol (−20°C for 2 h, −70°C for 2 h, liquid nitr ...
... Transgenic suspension cells of Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin utilized as a host for producing recombinant human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4-immunoglobulin (hCTLA4Ig) were preserved in liquid nitrogen (−196 °C) after slow prefreezing in a deep freezer (−70 °C). The development of an optimal procedure for long-term storage was investigated by the addition of various concentrations of cryoprotecta ...
... Although sperm cryopreservation has been practiced in aquatic species for more than 50 years, viable markets for frozen sperm do not currently exist for commercial aquaculture. The present study suggests that the use of commercial cryopreservation facilities used for dairy bulls could be a cost-effective approach to initiate commercialization of frozen sperm in aquaculture, and the oyster industry ...
... Growing evidence suggests that among the causes which deteriorate qualitative and functional characteristics of semen after freezing and thawing, there are those linked to oxidative stress and decrease detoxification of antioxidants present in the cells and seminal plasma. Overall, cryopreservation reduces the spermatozoal GSH content. In the present study we assessed the motility, capacitation st ...
... Fertilization success cannot be attributed solely to the absolute number of vital, motile, morphologically normal spermatozoa inseminated into the female but more especially to their functional competence. A range of in vitro tests has therefore been developed to monitor crucial aspects of sperm function: their ability to adapt to changing osmotic conditions, to bind to the oviductal epithelium, a ...
chickens; viability; chemical concentration; strains; cryopreservation; Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1; disease prevention; live vaccines; ambient temperature; water temperature; vaccination; reference standards; Marek disease; chemical treatment; thawing; protective effect
Abstract:
... The cell-associated vaccine strain CVI 988, which is the active component of several commercial Marek's disease vaccines, normally is frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen. In order to ascertain good efficacy of the vaccine, it is crucial that the right procedures are followed for thawing and diluting of the virus. In the study presented here, ampoules containing the frozen product were taken from ...
... Unhatched blastocysts from Large White hyperprolific gilts (n = 103) were identified, measured and vitrified using the Open Pulled Straw (OPS) technique to evaluate the effects of the collected blastocyst size and cryoprotectant concentrations used for vitrification, and the number of embryos transferred per recipient. Vitrified/warmed blastocyst viability was estimated in vitro, as the percentage ...
... The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of cryoprotectants on sperm viability and develop a freezing protocol for long-term storage of P. monodon spermatophores. Spermatophores suspended for 30 min in calcium-free saline (Ca-F saline) containing the cryoprotectants dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (EG), 1,2-propylene glycol (PG), formamide, and methanol at concentration ...
Danio rerio; fish; spermatozoa; cryopreservation; semen extenders; osmotic pressure; cryoprotectants; toxicity; sperm motility; in vitro fertilization; male fertility; body condition
Abstract:
... Sperm cryopreservation offers potential for long-term storage of genetic resources. However, the current protocols for zebrafish Danio rerio are cumbersome and poorly reproducible. Our objective was to facilitate adoption of cryopreservation by streamlining methods from sperm collection through thawing and use. First, sperm activation was evaluated, and motility was completely inhibited when osmol ...
... Low-molecular weight components of the seminal plasma have a detrimental effect on sperm function. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of the removal of low-molecular weight components by dialysis on sperm characteristics prior to and after freezing. Semen, collected from 5 boars, was extended in Kortowo-3 extender (K-3, Poland) and cooled for 3 h (control non-dialysis) or dial ...
... Despite its potential impact on the horse industry, sperm cryopreservation is not an established technology throughout the industry, for a number of reasons that include a reduction in pregnancy rate and increased cost per pregnancy. We have evaluated a novel directional freezing technique, based on a multi-thermal gradient (MTG), by comparing it with the conventional, controlled-rate cryopreserva ...
temporal variation; semen; DNA damage; DNA fragmentation; cryopreservation; cooling; storage time; male fertility; spermatozoa; stallions; chromatin
Abstract:
... The mixed success of equine artificial insemination programs using chilled and frozen-thawed semen is most likely associated with the variable response of the sperm cell to the preservation process and the fact that stallions are not selected on the basis of reproductive performance. We propose that the traditional indicators of sperm viability do not fully account for male factor infertility in t ...
... This study aimed to determine whether pre-pubertal exposure in boars to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer reported to have toxic effects on rodent reproduction, would affect the sperm ability to undergo capacitation and acrosome reaction (AR) in vitro or give rise to a higher degree of chromatin instability associated with acid-induced denaturation. Spermatozoa were collected from 1 ...
... In swine, the use of frozen-thawed (FT) sperm for artificial insemination (AI) is limited because of poor sow fertility, possibly associated with a post-thaw capacitation-like status resulting in fewer fully viable sperm. Sow fertility to AI with FT sperm may improve with deeper deposition of sperm within the female tract, insemination very close to ovulation, or reversal of cryocapacitation by se ...
... The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of meiotic stages during in vitro maturation (IVM) on the survival of vitrified-warmed buffalo oocytes, vitrified at different stages of IVM. Cumulus oocyte complexes obtained from slaughterhouse ovaries were randomly divided into 6 groups: control (non-vitrified, matured for 24 h at 38 ± 1°C, 5% CO₂ in humidified air), and those matured fo ...
... Frozen-thawed (FT) boar sperm have a reduced fertile life, due in part to a capacitation-like status induced by cooling. Reversal of this cryocapacitation in vitro by exposure to boar seminal plasma (SP) has been demonstrated. The objective of these studies was to determine the effect of SP on the ability of FT sperm to create an oviductal sperm reservoir following artificial insemination (AI). In ...
... The main objective of the present work was to study the effect of cryopreservation of European eel sperm both on the sperm viability and the spermatozoa head morphology. Spermatozoa morphology was evaluated with computer-assisted morphology analysis after collection in fresh samples, after adding the freezing medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide as cryoprotectant and, finally, after the cryopreser ...
... The objective of this study was to evaluate post-thaw quality of frozen dog semen processed with diluents containing different antioxidants. Ejaculates were collected, pooled and evaluated for concentration, motility, rapid steady forward movement (RSF movement), viability, acrosomal integrity and by the hypo-osmotic swelling test. Also, superoxide production, hydroxyl radicals and total reactive ...
... This study evaluates the effect of coculture with goat oviduct epithelial cells (GOEC) on the pregnancy rate, embryo survival rate and offspring development after direct transfer of vitrified/thawed caprine in vitro produced (IVP) embryos. Oocytes were recovered from slaughterhouse goat ovaries, matured and inseminated with frozen/thawed capacitated semen, and presumptive zygotes were randomly cul ...
... A reliable cryopreservation technique was developed for friable embryogenic callus lines of Hevea brasiliensis. The study showed that reducing the CaCl₂ concentration of the pre-culture medium from 9 mM to 1 or 0 mM CaCl₂ before cryopreservation promoted post-thaw callus growth, 1 mM being the optimum CaCl₂ concentration for embryo regeneration. Post-thaw callus proliferation decreased in line wit ...
... The effect of lactose and glycerol concentration, as well as the equilibration time with glycerol was studied on motility, normal apical ridge (NAR), and chromatin state of boar spermatozoa after the freezing and thawing process. In the first experiment, samples were frozen in first and second extenders containing different concentrations of lactose (11, 12 and 14%). In the second experiment sampl ...
cattle; oocytes; cryopreservation; solutions; culture media; chemical composition; cryoprotectants; blood serum; in vitro fertilization; embryo culture; embryogenesis; blastocyst
Abstract:
... This study was designed to evaluate vitrification procedures for in vitro matured bovine oocytes for efficient blastocyst production after warming, IVF and culture. A second goal was to replace serum as the macromolecular component of the vitrification solution, without compromising efficacy. The first experiment compared two containers, open pulled straws (OPS) versus cryoloops, and two vitrifica ...
... The moisture content (MC) of tomato pollen was conditioned to a range between 3.8% and 53% of fresh weight by equilibration in air with a relative humidity (RH) ranging from 0 – 100%. After storage in liquid N (–196°C) for 5 d, followed by thawing and rehydration, germination was measured in vitro on a semi-solid substrate. Pollen with a MC of 6.8% or 9.3%, which was achieved by exposure to 50% or ...
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of post-thaw dilution with autologous prostatic fluid on motility parameters, longevity and acrosome status of frozen-thawed dog spermatozoa. After semen collection, seminal plasma was separated by centrifugation and stored frozen until use. Sperm pellets were diluted in two steps with an egg yolk-Tris extender to a final concentration of 5% glycero ...
... For most domestic animals, the responses to superovulation treatments are not controlled as a consequence of the lack of knowledge on exogenous gonadotrophins effects on the ovarian function. The role of luteinizing hormone (LH) on the number and quality of embryos produced was evaluated on rabbit does superovulated with porcine FSH (pFSH). Parameters of embryos recovery, in vitro and in vivo embr ...
... The vitrification procedure effects on molecular and cytoskeletal components and on developmental ability of in vitro matured prepubertal ovine oocytes were evaluated. MII oocytes were divided into three groups: (1) vitrified in cryoloops (VTR); (2) exposed to vitrification solutions and rehydrated without being plunged into liquid nitrogen (EXP); (3) without further treatment as a control (CTR). ...
... Assisted sperm morphometry analysis (ASMA) was used in this study to determine the effects of cryopreservation on bull spermatozoa distribution in morphometrically distinct subpopulations. Ejaculates were collected from five bulls and were divided. One portion was diluted at 30°C in a skim milk-egg yolk medium, containing glycerol. A microscope slide was prepared from single extended sperm samples ...
... This study evaluated the effects of cooling, freezing and thawing on the plasma membrane integrity, kinetics and expression of two sugar transporters glucose transporter-3 and -5 (GLUT-3 and GLUT-5) in spermatozoa from Iberian boars. Semen samples were collected twice weekly from eight young, fertile Iberian boars of the 'Entrepelado' and 'Lampiño' breeds. The samples were suspended in a commercia ...
DNA; DNA fragmentation; animal models; blastocyst; chromatin; cryopreservation; cryoprotectants; embryogenesis; ethylene glycol; freezing; fructose; glucose; glycerol; human diseases; in vitro fertilization; mice; nuclear genome; plasma membrane; propylene glycol; protective effect; pyruvic acid; raffinose; research programs; skim milk; sodium; spermatozoa; thawing
Abstract:
... Efficient freezing, archiving, and thawing of sperm are essential techniques to support large scale research programs using mouse models of human disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of variable combinations and concentrations of cryoprotectants on sperm-assessment parameters of frozen-thawed mouse sperm in order to optimize cryopreservation protocols. Sperm was frozen ...
... Cryopreservation of boar sperm compromises fertility after thawing by reducing sperm longevity and inducing acrosome reaction-like changes. In an attempt to improve the post-thaw motility and acrosome integrity of boar sperm, semen was frozen using a modified Westendorf method in which the medium was supplemented with either platelet-activating factor (PAF) or a recombinant platelet-activating fac ...
... Using a combination of techniques we developed, we infected zebrafish embryos using pseudotyped retroviruses and mapped the genomic locations of the proviral integrations in the F₁ offspring of the infected fish. From F₁ fish, we obtained 2,045 sequences representing 933 unique retroviral integrations. A total of 599 were mappable to the current genomic assembly (Zv6), and 233 of the integrations ...
horses; ejaculation; semen; spermatozoa; cryopreservation; chemical composition; semen extenders; bovine serum albumin; storage time; oocytes; in vitro fertilization
Abstract:
... In vitro fertilization (IVF) was performed on in vitro-matured equine oocytes in three experiments. Frozen-thawed sperm were prepared using swim-up separation and heparin treatment. In Experiment 1, fertilization was achieved with sperm from only one frozen ejaculate of four obtained from the same stallion. Within this ejaculate, fertilization rates were higher with fresh media, as compared to med ...
temporal variation; in vitro regeneration; plant development; buds; in vitro culture; gametophytes; long term experiments; cryopreservation; storage time; encapsulation; regrowth; Bryopsida; germplasm conservation; mortality; cold storage
Abstract:
... In vitro culture techniques are usually employed for ex situ conservation of endangered plant species. However, encapsulation to preserve threatened bryophytes is scarcely used, and only as a pretreatment prior to cryopreservation. In our study, two different methods of germplasm conservation, involving calcium-alginate encapsulation of moss material, were assessed. The plant material used was gam ...
... The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the use of an iodixanol cushion during centrifugation on sperm recovery and yield after centrifugation (sperm recovery, sperm motility, viability, membrane lipid disorder, acrosome reaction and ROS generation); and to investigate how this procedure affects sperm function after freezing-thawing (sperm motility, membrane lipid disorder, acrosomal sta ...
... The granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a pleiotropic cytokine capable of stimulating proliferation, maturation and function of haematopoietic cells. Receptors for this cytokine are composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, and are expressed in myeloid progenitors and mature mononuclear phagocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils, as well as in other non-haematopoie ...
... We have carried out two experiments to study the cryobiology of red deer epididymal spermatozoa and to improve freezing extenders: (1) effect of extender (Tris-citrate-fructose) osmolality (300-600 mOsm/kg), and (2) effect of sugar (0.4 M) supplementation to the extender (no sugar, glucose, fructose, mannose, sucrose, maltose, threalose and raffinose). Sperm quality was assessed pre-freezing, post ...
... The objectives were to assess motility, fertilizing capacity, structural integrity, and mitochondrial function in fresh versus frozen-thawed (15% DMSO was used as a cryoprotectant) sperm from red seabream (Pagrus major). Mean (±S.D.) rates of motility, fertilization and hatching of frozen-thawed sperm were 81.0 ± 5.4, 92.8 ± 1.9, and 91.8 ± 5.2%, respectively; for fresh sperm, they were 87.5 ± 7.7 ...
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Successful cryopreservation of bryophytes is linked to intrinsic desiccation tolerance and survival can be enhanced by pre-treatment with abscisic acid (ABA) and sucrose. The pioneer moss Ditrichum plumbicola is naturally subjected to desiccation in the field but showed unexpectedly low survival of cryopreservation, as well as a poor response to pre-treatment. The effects of t ...
... The concept of ultra-rapid vitrification has emerged in recent years; the accelerated cooling rate reduced injury attributed to cryopreservation and improved post-freezing developmental competence of vitrified oocytes and embryos. The objectives of the present study were to develop a simple and effective ultra-rapid vitrification method (droplet vitrification) and evaluate its effects on post-thaw ...
... Heparin and quercetin induce capacitation in spermatozoa through membrane receptor binding and inhibition of Ca-ATPase of the plasma membrane, respectively. Although capacitation is energy intensive, ammonia from amino acid metabolism can inhibit respiration and Krebs cycle activity. The objective was to determine activities of key enzymes in bull spermatozoa that contribute to the redox state and ...
... Vitrification is frequently referred to as a novel technology of cryopreservation in embryology, although some young embryologists were born after its first successful application. Unfortunately, in spite of the accumulated evidence regarding its enormous potential value, most domestic animal and human laboratories use exclusively the traditional slow-rate freezing with its compromised efficiency ...
... Protective immunity in tuberculosis is dependent on the coordinated release of cytolytic effector molecules from effector T cells and the subsequent granule-associated killing of infected target cells. In this study, we investigated the expression of cytolytic (perforin and granzyme A) and antimicrobial (granulysin) molecules at the single-cell level in cryopreserved lung tissue from patients with ...
buffaloes; embryo (animal); imports; embryo culture; cryopreservation; embryo transfer; import policies; trade regulations; Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Italy; United States
Abstract:
... On December 19, 2005, 14 in vitro-fertilized water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryos, which had been cryopreserved by vitrification, were thawed and transferred into B. bubalis recipients in California. The embryos had been produced in Italy, following transvaginal oocyte pickup (TVOPU), with subsequent in vitro maturation, insemination, and culture. This case study relates our experience in meeti ...
... Dwyer medium is the most frequently employed culture medium for Histomonas meleagridis. Both for subculturing and for resuscitation of H. meleagridis from storage in liquid nitrogen, modified Dwyer medium with an increased rice powder concentration (0.8%) and no chicken embryo extract proved superior to Dwyer standard medium, with threefold (106.3vs. 105.8 histomonads/ml) to 10-fold (106.7vs. 105. ...
... The aim of the present work was to study the effect of the developmental stage of the somatic embryos and of the genotype on the genetic transformation of embryogenic lines of European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) and the cryopreservation of the embryogenic lines that are generated. As an initial source of explants in the transformation experiments, it was found that the use of somatic embryos ...
... In this study, we evaluated a serum replacer (SR; Knockout SR, Invitrogen) in our in vitro culture systems. We hypothesized that SR would benefit bovine embryo development, since SR supported survival of embryonic stem cells (which originate from embryos). Experiment 1 compared oocyte maturation with SR versus fetal bovine serum (FBS). Following fertilization, blastocyst development was lower for ...
... The working hypothesis of the present study was that supplementation of the Uppsala Equex II (UE) extender with the amino acid (AA), taurine (T) and hypotaurine (H) would improve dog sperm post-thaw quality, as previously seen for ram and bull semen, respectively. Five pools from 15 ejaculates of 15 dogs were used. Each AA was added to the UE extender at a concentration of 25, 50 and 75 mM. Amino ...
... In this paper, we described the direct somatic embryogenesis from both immature cotyledon cuts and nucelli in the same mango cultivar (Mangifera indica L. var Zihua), studied the effect of growth conditions of embryogenic cultures (EMs) on cryopreservation and compared the cryopreservation response of EMs induced from these two different explants. Histological studies demonstrated that EMs derived ...
... Cryopreservation of spermatozoa is of essential importance for artificial insemination and breeding programs in horses. Besides other factors, spermatozoal motility depends on mitochondrial energy metabolism. Based on changes of single mitochondrial functions it has been suggested that mitochondrial damage during cryopreservation could be a major reason for diminished post thaw semen quality. Howe ...