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You searched for: Publication Year 1997 Remove constraint Publication Year: 1997 Subject term esters Remove constraint Subject term: esters
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1. 2,4-D dissipation in field soils after applications of 2,4-D dimethylamine salt and 2,4-D 2-ethylhexyl ester

Author:
Wilson, R.D.; Geronimo, J.; Armbruster, J.A.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1997 v.16 no.6 pp. 1239-1246
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
2,4-D; dimethylamine; esters; field experimentation; salts; soil; Canada; Washington (state)
Abstract:
... 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was first registered in 1947 as an agricultural herbicide, and it is still the most widely used herbicide worldwide. End-use products, however, are generally formulated as inorganic or amine salts, or as esters. Because of the various forms available, there was concern that by testing only one form, the environmental profile generated might be insufficient to ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1239:DDIFSA>2.3.CO;2

2. Alteration of sterols and steryl esters in vegetable oils during industrial refining

Author:
Ferrari, R.A.; Esteves, W.; Mukherjee, K.D.; Schulte, E.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997 v.45 no.12 pp. 4753-4757
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
corn; esters; high performance liquid chromatography; light scattering; oleic acid; rapeseed oil; refining; silica gel; soybeans; sterols; vegetable oil
Abstract:
... Steryl esters of fatty acids have been isolated from vegetable oils by rapid chromatography on a short column of silica gel and quantitatively determined by HPLC on RP-18 columns using an evaporative light scattering detector that was calibrated with beta-sitosteryl oleate as external standard. The steryl esters isolated according to the above technique from corn, soybean, and rapeseed oils at dif ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf970525j

3. Analysis of furanoid esters in soybean oil and the effect of variety and environment on furanoid ester content

Author:
Wu, Xiangdong; Hammond, Earl G.; White, Pamela J.; Fehr, Walter
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.9 pp. 1099-1103
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
correlation; ion exchange chromatography; fractionation; soybean oil; linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase; soybeans; silver; lipids; urea; esters; degumming; gas chromatography; Puerto Rico
Abstract:
... An improved method was developed to analyze the major furanoid esters in soybean oil. The method is based on urea fractionation of the methyl esters, silver ion chromatography, and gas chromatography of the furanoid concentrate. Activation of the soybean lipoxygenase decreased the amount of furanoid ester recovered from the oil, but the degumming of crude soybean oil and the choice of solvent used ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0031-2

4. Antioxidant activity of mung bean hulls

Author:
Duh, Pin-Der; Yen, Wen Jye; Du, Pin-Chan; Yen, Gow-Chin
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.9 pp. 1059-1063
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
antioxidant activity; butylated hydroxyanisole; esters; gas chromatography; hulls; linoleic acid; mung beans; oxidation; peroxidation; peroxide value; soybean oil; synergism; thiobarbituric acid
Abstract:
... The antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of mung bean hulls was investigated. Extracts at a concentration of 100 ppm exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than 100 ppm dl-α-tocopherol (Toc) or 100 ppm butylated hydroxyanisole on the peroxidation of linoleic acid. Moreover, a synergistic effect was observed when 100 ppm of the extract was mixed with 100 ppm Toc. Also, the extracts showed g ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0025-0

5. Aqueous Oxidation of Ethyl Linoleate, Ethyl Linolenate, and Ethyl Docosahexaenoate

Author:
Shinya Hirano; Kazuo Miyashita; Toru Ota; Masazumi Nishikawa; Kazuki Maruyama; Suguru Nakayama
Source:
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 1997 v.61 no.2 pp. 281-285
ISSN:
1347-6947
Subject:
air; aqueous solutions; autoxidation; chloroform; docosahexaenoic acid; esters; ethanol; high performance liquid chromatography; hydrogen; hydroperoxides; isomers; oxidative stability
Abstract:
... The oxidative stability of ethyl linoleate (LA), ethyl linolenate (LN), and ethyl docosahexaenoate (DHA) in an aqueous solution was compared by measuring the decrease in unoxidized substrate and the formation of total hydroperoxides, conjugated dienes, and monohydroperoxides (MHPs). The highest stability was shown by DHA, this being followed by LN and LA in both cases when using Fe²⁺-ascorbic acid ...
DOI:
10.1271/bbb.61.281

6. Authentication of European virgin olive oils by their chemical compounds, sensory attributes, and consumers' attitudes

Author:
Aparicio, R.; Morales, M.T.; Alonso, V.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997 v.45 no.4 pp. 1076-1083
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
aldehydes; chemical composition; chemical concentration; consumer attitudes; esters; fatty acids; furans; hydrocarbons; ketones; sensory properties; sterols; virgin olive oil; Greece; Italy; Spain
Abstract:
... Twenty-four samples of four European virgin olive oil varieties -- Arbequina, Coratina, Koroneiki, and Picual, cultivated in Greece, Italy, and Spain -- have been analyzed from their chemical composition (either nonvolatile compounds (31) -- fatty acids, sterols, alcohols, and methylsterols -- or volatile ones (65) -- aldehydes, alcohols, furans, hydrocarbons, acids, ketones, and esters), sensory ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf960659h

7. Biosynthesis of GA73 methyl ester in Lygodium ferns

Author:
Yamauchi, T.; Oyama, N.; Yamane, H.; Murofushi, N.; Schraudolf, H.; Pour, M.; Seto, H.; Mander, L.N.
Source:
Plant physiology 1997 v.113 no.3 pp. 773-778
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
Lygodium; gibberellic acid; esters; biosynthesis; metabolites; chemical structure; chemical reactions; biochemical pathways; chemical constituents of plants
Abstract:
... Biosynthesis of GA73 methyl ester (GA73-Me), the principal antheridiogen in Lygodium ferns, was investigated. From the methanol extract of prothallia of Lygodium circinnatum, GA25, GA73, GA73-Me, GA88-Me, and a few unknown GA73 derivatives were detected by CC-MS. Because the presence of GA25 suggests that GA24, a direct precursor of GA25, could also be present in L. circinnatum prothallia, we used ...

8. Boiling properties and thermal decomposition of vegetable oil methyl esters with regard to their fuel suitability

Author:
Wenzel, G.; Lammers, P.S.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997 v.45 no.12 pp. 4748-4752
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
boiling; combustion; diesel engines; diesel fuel; distillation; esters; fatty acids; temperature; thermal degradation; thermal properties; vegetable oil
Abstract:
... Numerous vegetable oil methyl esters covering the entire range of fatty acid patterns of vegetable oils were investigated with a standard distillation apparatus. The course of the boiling curves and the suspected relationship between the drop in boiling temperatures and the start of decomposition are discussed. The suitability of the methyl esters for diesel engines was evaluated with regard to co ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf970407w

9. Changes in hydrolysis specificities of lipase from Rhizomucor miehei to polyunsaturated fatty acyl ethyl esters in different aggregation states

Author:
Kosugi, Yoshitsugu; Chang, Qing-long; Kanazawa, Kenji; Nakanishi, Hiroshi
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.11 pp. 1395-1399
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
Rhizomucor miehei; anion exchange; cation exchange; esters; fatty acids; hydrolysis; mass transfer; triacylglycerol lipase
Abstract:
... Hydrolysis specificities of lipase from Rhizomucor miehei were compared for various fatty acyl ethyl esters. Activity yields of immobilized lipases, measured with 1 mM substrate, were more than 100%. Differences in hydrolysis rate and affinity for the substrates between lipase preparations were also typically higher during hydrolysis of substrates at 100 mM than at 1 mM, indicating better mass tra ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0243-5

10. Changes in phenolic compounds and browning during biological aging of sherry-type wine

Author:
Baron, R.; Mayen, M.; Merida, J.; Medina, M.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997 v.45 no.5 pp. 1682-1685
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
absorbance; air; catechin; epicatechin; esters; ferulic acid; flor yeasts; procyanidins; sherry; syringic acid; white wines
Abstract:
... Contents of hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxycinnamic esters, and monomeric and dimeric derivatives of flavan-3-ol during biological aging of dry pale sherry white wine were measured and compared between wine without aging and wines in five different stages of aging. The results show a significant decrease in the levels of vanillic and ferulic acids, catechin, epicatechin and procy ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf960808w

11. Characterization of cold-pressed key and persian lime oils by gas chromatography, gas chromagraphy/mass spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, and physicochemical indices

Author:
Dugo, P.; Mondello, L.; Lamonica, G.; Dugo, G.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997 v.45 no.9 pp. 3608-3616
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Citrus latifolia; aldehydes; beta-pinene; epoxides; essential oils; esters; gamma-terpinene; gas chromatography; high performance liquid chromatography; hydrolysis; juices; limonene; mass spectrometry; oils; sabinene; sesquiterpenoids; volatile compounds
Abstract:
... The physicochemical indices and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the volatile fraction and the oxygenated heterocyclic fraction of cold-pressed Key lime oil (types A and B) and Persian lime oil are reported. The volatile fraction of Persian lime oil is characterized by a higher content of limonene, gamma-terpinene, esters, and monoterpene aldehydes and a lower content of beta-pinene ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf960932f

12. Determination of singlet oxygen-specific versus radical-mediated lipid peroxidation in photosensitized oxidation of lipid bilayers: effect of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol

Author:
Stratton, S.P.; Liebler, D.C.
Source:
Biochemistry 1997 v.36 no.42 pp. 12911-12920
ISSN:
0006-2960
Subject:
singlet oxygen; photosensitizing agents; lipid peroxidation; methylene blue; models; photooxidation; alpha-tocopherol; beta-carotene; esters; isotope dilution technique; phospholipids; lipid bilayers; hydroperoxides; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Abstract:
... Photosensitized oxidation reactions damage tissue by catalyzing the formation of oxyradicals and singlet oxygen. beta-Carotene is hypothesized to exert photoprotective effects by quenching singlet oxygen formed by Type II reactions and by scavenging free radicals formed by Type I reactions. beta-Carotene antioxidant mechanisms were studied in a phospholipid membrane model of photooxidation with a ...
DOI:
10.1021/bi9708646
PubMed:
9335550

13. Development of steryl ester analysis for the detection of admixtures of vegetable oils

Author:
Gordon, Michael H.; Miller, Luke A. D.
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.5 pp. 505-510
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
Carthamus tinctorius; corn; cottonseed; esters; gas chromatography; high performance liquid chromatography; olives; palm oils; peanuts; rapeseed; soybeans; sunflower oil; vegetable oil
Abstract:
... The steryl ester content and composition of 28 samples from 10 vegetable oil types have been determined by isolation of the steryl esters by high-performance liquid chromatography and analysis by gas chromatography. The oils can be classified into oils with a high content (>4000 mg/kg) of steryl esters (corn and rapeseed); oils with a medium content (1400-2400 mg/kg) of steryl esters (sunflower oi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0172-3

14. Dietary very long chain fatty acids directly influence the ratio of tetracosenoic (24∶1) to tetracosanoic (24∶0) acids of sphingomyelin in rat liver

Author:
W. J. Bettger; C. B. Blackadar
Source:
Lipids 1997 v.32 no.1 pp. 51-55
ISSN:
0024-4201
Subject:
dietary fat; dietary supplements; esters; fatty acid composition; liver; males; olives; prediction; rats; regression analysis; sphingomyelins; very long chain fatty acids; weanlings
Abstract:
... Twenty-one groups of weanling male Wistar rats were fed semipurified diets containing 5% (w/w) of different dietary fats. After 2 wk, liver sphingomyelin (SM) fatty acid composition was determined. The ratio of 24∶1 to 24∶0 in liver SM varied over a tenfold range in response to dietary fat type. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that dietary 24∶1, 24∶0, and 22∶1 were the most signifi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11745-997-0008-1
PubMed:
9075193

15. Drug binding sites on chicken albumin: a comparison to human albumin

Author:
Rajaian, H.; Symonds, H.W.; Bowmer, C.J.
Source:
Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics 1997 v.20 no.6 pp. 421-426
ISSN:
0140-7783
Subject:
chickens; humans; albumins; phenylbutazone; diazepam; octanoic acid; warfarin; pH; fluorescence; esters; binding sites
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2885.1997.00099.x
PubMed:
9430764

16. Effect of processing on flavor precursor amino acids and volatiles of sesame paste (tehina)

Author:
Shahidi, F.; Aishima, T.; Abou-Gharbia, H. A.; Youssef, M.; Shehata, A. Adel Y.
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.6 pp. 667-678
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
acids; alcohols; aldehydes; amino acids; esters; flavor; flavor compounds; foods; free amino acids; gas chromatography; hydrocarbons; ketones; mass spectrometry; multivariate analysis; odors; pyrazines; roasting; seeds; steaming
Abstract:
... The content of flavor precursor free amino acids in dehulled sesame seeds, subjected to roasting (R), steaming (S), roasting plus steaming (RS) and microwaving (M), was determined and compared with those of the raw (RW) seeds. R, RS, and S had major effects in reducing the content of free amino acids from 2360 μg/g to 582, 795 and 884 μg/g, respectively; M had no effect on the content of free amin ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0199-5

17. Effect of tannic acid on benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct formation in mouse epidermis: comparison with synthetic gallic acid esters

Author:
Baer-Dubowska, W.; Gnojkowski, J.; Fenrych, W.
Source:
Nutrition and cancer 1997 v.29 no.1 pp. 42-47
ISSN:
0163-5581
Subject:
gallic acid; dose response; glutathione transferase; DNA; oxygenases; mice; tannins; animal models; esters; enzyme activity; benzopyrenes; topical application
Abstract:
... Tannic acid, a naturally occurring plant phenol, was shown to inhibit the mutagenicity and/or tumorigenicity of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mouse skin. In this study the effect of topical application of tannic acid on epidermal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, glutathione S transferase, and binding of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) to epidermal DNA was compared with the activity of synthetic ...
DOI:
10.1080/01635589709514600
PubMed:
9383783

18. Enhancement of peroxidase-dependent oxidation of sinapyl alcohol by an apoplastic component, 4-courmaric acid ester isolated from epicotyls of Vigna angularis L

Author:
Takahama, U.; Oniki, T.
Source:
Plant & cell physiology 1997 v.38 no.4 pp. 456-462
ISSN:
0032-0781
Subject:
biosynthesis; Vigna angularis; sinapic acid; isozymes; peroxidases; epicotyls; esters; oxidation; kinetics; enzyme activity; lignin; alcohols; protein composition
Abstract:
... A water-soluble component that enhanced the peroxidase-dependent (POX-dependent) oxidation of sinapyl alcohol was isolated from epicotyls of Vigna angularis. This compound was an ester of 4-coumaric acid and a hexose, and it was found in both the apoplast and the symplast. The ester was oxidized by a basic POX isozyme (Km, about 20 micromolar) and by an acidic POX isozyme (Km, about 40 micromolar) ...
DOI:
10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029189

19. Ester Crosslinking of Cotton Fabric by Polymeric Carboxylic Acids and Citric Acid

Author:
Charles Q. Yang; Xilie Wang; In-Sook Kang
Source:
Textile research journal v.67 no.5 pp. 334-342
ISSN:
1746-7748
Subject:
cotton; wrinkle resistant finishes; citric acid; cellulose; esterification; esters; fabrics; polymers; maleic acid; chemical structure
Abstract:
... Polycarboxylic acids appear to be the most promising nonformaldehyde durable press finishing agents to replace the traditional N-methylol reagents, 1,2,3,4-Butanetetracarboxylic acid (btca) is the most effective crosslinking agent among the acids investigated, but its exceedingly high cost has prevented its use in the textile industry on a commercial scale. In this research, we evaluate the effect ...
DOI:
10.1177/004051759706700505

20. Fatty acid distribution in polar and nonpolar lipid classes of hazelnut oil (Corylus avellana L.)

Author:
Parcerisa, J.; Richardson, D.G.; Rafecas, M.; Codony, R.; Boatella, J.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997 v.45 no.10 pp. 3887-3890
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Corylus avellana; analysis of variance; esters; flame ionization; hazelnut oil; hazelnuts; oleic acid; phospholipids; spectrometers; thin layer chromatography
Abstract:
... The lipid extract from hazelnuts was classified as polar (glucolipids = 1.4% and phospholipids = < 1%) or nonpolar (triacylglycerides = 98.4%) by column and thin-layer chromatography. Fatty acids derivatized as methyl esters were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector and mass spectrometer. Oleic acid was predominant in all lipid classes, followed by linoleic, palmitic, and ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf9703112

21. Flavonol and chalcone ester glycosides from Bidens leucantha

Author:
De Tommasi, N.; Pizza, C.; Aquino, R.; Cumanda, J.; Mahmood, N.
Source:
Journal of natural products 1997 v.60 no.3 pp. 270-273
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
Bidens; medicinal plants; leaves; flavonols; chalcones; esters; glycosides; spectral analysis; chemical structure; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; antiviral agents; chemical constituents of plants; drugs; Ecuador
DOI:
10.1021/np960572q
PubMed:
9090869

22. Identification and characterization of linoleic acid as an endogenous modulator of in vitro N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid binding

Author:
Suttle, J.C.
Source:
Plant physiology 1997 v.113 no.2 pp. 519-525
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
naphthalene; linoleic acid; in vitro culture; dose response; nutrient transport; microsomes; phthalates; auxins; binding sites; epicotyls; structure-activity relationships; chemical constituents of plants; Pisum sativum
Abstract:
... An endogenous inhibitor of the in vitro binding of the phytotropin N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid to microsomal membranes was detected in extracts prepared from etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L.) epicotyls. Following extensive purification, the inhibitor was identified as linoleic acid. Authentic linoleic acid inhibited N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid binding noncompetitively in a dose-dependent manner, ex ...

23. Increased parasitization of California red scale in the field after exposing its parasitoid, Aphytis melinus, to a synthetic kairomone

Author:
J. Daniel Hare; David J.W. Morgan; Tuyun Nguyun
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1997 v.82 no.1 pp. 73-81
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
parasitism; parasitoids; kairomones; caffeic acid; Aphytis melinus; biological control agents; Aonidiella aurantii; tyrosine; esters; population growth; host seeking; strains; genetic markers; biological control; California
Abstract:
... The introduced parasitoid, Aphytis melinus DeBach (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), utilizes a kairomone, O‐caffeoyltyrosine, to recognize California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Homoptera: Diaspididae). Wasps used in augmentative release programs for California red scale on California citrus are reared on oleander scale, Aspidiotus nerii Bouché (Homoptera: Diaspididae), themselves reared o ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1570-7458.1997.00115.x

24. Industrial high-performance liquid chromatography purification of docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester and docosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester from single-cell oil

Author:
Yamamura, R.; Shimomura, Y.
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.11 pp. 1435-1440
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
Schizochytrium; diet; docosahexaenoic acid; docosapentaenoic acid; esters; ethanol; fish oils; hexane; high performance liquid chromatography; medicine; methanol; potassium hydroxide; pumps; purification methods
Abstract:
... The use of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) as medicine or in functional diets requires high purity. An industrial purification method for PUFA from Schizochytrium sp. SR21 oil was investigated. This oil contains fewer unwanted components than fish oils. Docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid ethyl esters (DHA-E and DPA-E) were prepared by treatment of this oil with ethanol and 1 N potas ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0250-6

25. Influence of diet on the kinetic behavior of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase I toward different acyl CoA esters

Author:
Glen W. Power; Max H. Cake; Eric A. Newsholme
Source:
Lipids 1997 v.32 no.1 pp. 31-37
ISSN:
0024-4201
Subject:
acyl coenzyme A; albumins; carnitine palmitoyltransferase; essential fatty acids; esters; high fat diet; liver; low fat diet; menhaden; olive oil; oxidation; rats; safflower oil
Abstract:
... The influence of diet on the kinetics of the overt form of rat liver mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT I; EC 2.3.1.21) was studied using rats fed either a low-fat diet (3% w/w fat), or diets which were supplemented with either olive oil (OO), safflower oil (SO) or menhaden (fish) oil (MO) to 20% w/w of fat (high fat diets). When animals were fed each of these four diets for 10 days ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11745-997-0005-4
PubMed:
9075190

26. Intra- and extracellular lipid composition and associated gene expression patterns during pollen development in Brassica napus

Author:
Piffanelli, P.; Ross, J.H.E.; Murphy, D.J.
Source:
plant journal 1997 v.11 no.3 pp. 549-562
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
plant development; buds; messenger RNA; genome; pollinators; triacylglycerols; gene expression; cell membranes; Brassica napus; length; chemical constituents of plants; lipid metabolism; pollen; stearoyl-CoA desaturase; genetic markers; phospholipids
Abstract:
... Pollen development in angiosperms is regulated by the interaction of products contributed by both the gametophytic (haploid) and sporophytic (diploid) genomes. In entomophilous species, lipids are major products of both sporophytic and gametophytic metabolism during pollen development. Mature pollen grains of Brassica napus are shown to contain three major acyl lipid pools as follows: (i) the extr ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-313X.1997.11030549.x
PubMed:
9107041

27. Ircinianin sulfate from the marine sponge Ircinia (Psammocinia) wistarii

Author:
Coll, J.C.; Kearns, P.S.; Rideout, J.A.; Hooper, J.
Source:
Journal of natural products 1997 v.60 no.11 pp. 1178-1179
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
chemical composition; terpenoids; sulfates; esters; spectral analysis; chemical structure; Australia; Great Barrier Reef
DOI:
10.1021/np970287m

28. Italian Citrus petitgrain oils. II. Composition of mandarin petitgrain oil

Author:
Mondello, L.; Basile, A.; Previti, P.; Dugo, G.
Source:
Journal of essential oil research 1997 v.9 no.3 pp. 255-266
ISSN:
1041-2905
Subject:
sesquiterpenoids; gamma-terpinene; essential oils; aldehydes; p-cymene; mandarins; limonene; esters; chemical constituents of plants; Citrus; oxides; alcohols; Italy
Abstract:
... The chemical composition of Italian industrial mandarin petitgrain oil was examined using GC on two capillary columns and a fully automated "on-line" HPLC-GC/MS (ITD) system and a GC/MS (quadrupole) system. Methyl N-methyl anthranilate was found to be the main component representing about 50% of the whole oil. gamma-Terpinene (23.9-28.5%) was the main monoterpene hydrocarbon, followed by limonene ...
DOI:
10.1080/10412905.1997.10554241

29. Lignin-ferulate cross-links in grasses. 4. 1-3 Incorporation of 5-5-coupled dehydrodiferulate into synthetic lignin

Author:
Quideau, S.; Ralph, J.
Source:
Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin transactions I 1997 no.16 pp. 2351-2358
ISSN:
0300-922X
Subject:
grasses; cell walls; esters; lignin; ferulic acid; crosslinking; plant biochemistry
Abstract:
... Ferulates and dehydrodiferulates have a significant role in cross-linking polysaccharides to lignin in grass cell walls. Among the various ferulate dehydrodimers, the 5-5-coupled dehydrodimer (E,E)-4,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-5,5 -bicinnamate is capable of the most extensive cross-linking into lignin, forming major branch-points. However, current literature fails to recognise the role of radical c ...
Handle:
10113/15367
DOI:
10.1039/a701808h

30. Macrocyclic diterpene polyesters of the jatrophane type from Euphorbia esula

Author:
Hohmann, J.; Vasas, A.; Gunther, G.; Mathe, I.; Evanics, F.; Dombi, G.; Jerkovich, G.
Source:
Journal of natural products 1997 v.60 no.4 pp. 331-335
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
Euphorbia esula; medicinal plants; esters; spectral analysis; chemical structure; chemical constituents of plants; diterpenoids; Hungary
DOI:
10.1021/np960669c

31. Methyl ester ethoxylates

Author:
Cox, Michael F.; Weerasooriya, Upali
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.7 pp. 847-859
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
alcohols; esters; ethylene oxide; foams
Abstract:
... Conventional ethoxylation of fatty methyl esters, or other fatty-fatty esters or diesters, produces poor yields of the desired ethoxylated ester. A proprietary ethoxylation catalyst, currently in use to produce “peaked” or “narrow-range” alcohol ethoxylates, has been found to successfully insert ethylene oxide into the ester linkage of fatty esters. The mechanism for this insertion likely involves ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0228-4

32. Methyl phenylalkanoates as substrates to probe the active sites of esterases

Author:
Kroon, P.A.; Faulds, C.B.; Brezillon, C.; Williamson, G.
Source:
European journal of biochemistry 1997 v.248 no.1 pp. 245-251
ISSN:
0014-2956
Subject:
Aspergillus niger; acids; active sites; aromatic compounds; esterases; esters; hydrolysis; sodium hydroxide
Abstract:
... We have used methyl esters of phenylalkanoic acids to probe the active site of two esterases (FAE-III and CinnAE) from Aspergillus niger. Only methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylpropionate out of 19 substrates tested were significant substrates for both enzymes (kcat values about 10(2) s-1 and 10(3) s-1, respectively). Lengthening or shortening the aliphatic side chai ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00245.x
PubMed:
9310385

33. Phase separation of plant cell wall polysaccharides and its implications for cell wall assembly

Author:
MacDougall, A.J.; Rigby, N.M.; Ring, S.G.
Source:
Plant physiology 1997 v.114 no.1 pp. 353-362
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; cell walls; polysaccharides; polymers; esters; separation; chemical structure; chemical constituents of plants; cell wall components
Abstract:
... Concentrated binary mixtures of polymers in solution commonly exhibit immiscibility, resolving into two separate phases each of which is enriched in one polymer. The plant cell wall is a concentrated polymer assembly, and phase separation of the constituent polymers could make an important contribution to its structural organization and functional properties. However, to our knowledge, there have ...

34. Phenolic compounds in virgin olive oile: fractionation by solid phase extraction and antioxidant activity assessment

Author:
Litridou, M.; Linssen, J.; Schols, H.; Bergmans, M.; Posthumus, M.; Tsimidou, M.; Boskou, D.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1997 v.74 no.2 pp. 169-174
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
polyphenols; fractionation; olive oil; phenolic acids; ethers; esters; oxidation; extraction; hydrolysis; safflower oil
Abstract:
... The polar fraction of virgin olive oil was separated into two main parts (A and B) using solid phase extraction. Analysis of individual components by RP-HPLC indicated that the part (A) contained only simple phenols and phenolic acids. Part (B) had a complex nature. The two parts tested for their antioxidant activity showed relatively high protection factors in safflower oil stored at 80 degrees C ...
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199706)74:2<169::AID-JSFA784>3.0.CO;2-2

35. Purification and characterization of a feruloyl esterase from the fungus Penicillium expansum

Author:
Donaghy, J.; McKay, A.M.
Source:
Journal of applied microbiology 1997 v.83 no.6 pp. 718-726
ISSN:
1364-5072
Subject:
Penicillium expansum; acids; alpha-N-arabinofuranosidase; anion exchange; copper; esters; feruloyl esterase; fungi; gel chromatography; hydrophobic bonding; metal ions; pH; pectin lyase; polygalacturonase; solid state culture; temperature; ultrafiltration; xylanases
Abstract:
... An extracellular phenolic acid esterase produced by the fungus Penicillium expansum in solid state culture released ferulic and rho-coumaric acid from methyl esters of the acids, and from the phenolic-carbohydrate esters O-[5-O-(trans-feruloyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl] (1 leads to 3)-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 leads to 4)-D-xylopyranose (FAXX) and O-[5-O-((E)-rho-coumaroyl)-alpha-L arabinofuranosy ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2672.1997.00307.x
PubMed:
9449810

36. Reactions of pyrimidinonethione derivatives: Synthesis of 2-hydrazinopyrimidin-4-one, pyrimido[1,2-a]-1,2,4-triazine, triazolo-[1,2-a]pyrimidine, 2-(1-pyrazolo)pyrimidine and 2-arylhydrazonopyrimidine derivatives

Author:
Fawzy A. Attaby; Sanaa M. Eldin; Eman A. Z. Hanafi
Source:
Archives of pharmacal research 1997 v.20 no.6 pp. 620-628
ISSN:
0253-6269
Subject:
acetic acid; acetone; carbon disulfide; esters; formic acid; hydrazine; iodides; spectral analysis; sulfur
Abstract:
... 6-Aryl-5-cyano-4-pyrimidinon-2-thione derivatives1a-c reacted with ethyl iodide to give the corresponded 2-S-ethylpyrimidin-4-one derivatives2a-c. Compounds2a-c was, in turn, reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give the sulfur free reaction products,3a-c. These reaction products were taken as the starting materials for the synthesis of several newly synthesized heterocyclic derivatives. Reactions wi ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF02975221

37. Regulation of sucrose and starch metabolism in potato tubers in response to short-term water deficit

Author:
Geigenberger, P.; Reimholz, R.; Geiger, M.; Merlo, L.; Canale, V.; Stitt, M.
Source:
Planta 1997 v.201 no.4 pp. 502-518
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
Solanum tuberosum; cations; tubers; carbon; mannitol; phosphorylation; metabolites; carbohydrate metabolism; glucose; starch; water stress; esters; fructose; sucrose; ligases; enzyme activity; water potential; adenosine diphosphate; 3-phosphoglyceric acid
Abstract:
... To investigate the effect of water stress carbon metabolism in growing potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) freshly cut and washed discs were incubated in a range of mannitol concentrations corresponding to external water potential between 0 and -1.2 MPa. Incorporation of [14C]glucose into starch was inhibited in water-stressed discs, and labeling of sucrose was increased. High glucose overrode th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s004250050095

38. Response of Japanese beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to leaf volatiles of susceptible and resistant maple species

Author:
Loughrin, J.H.; Potter, D.A.; Hamilton-Kemp, T.R.; Byers, M.E.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1997 v.26 no.2 pp. 334-342
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
volatile compounds; interspecific variation; insect attractants; Acer rubrum; nutrition; linalool; Popillia japonica; leaves; esters; Acer palmatum; semiochemicals; pest resistance; Acer platanoides; Acer saccharinum
Abstract:
... We studied the close range olfactory response of Japanese beetles, Popillia japonica Newman, to constitutive or feeding-induced volatiles from leaves of 4 maple species differing in susceptibility to defoliation. In pitfall arenas, intact leaves of susceptible species, Acer palmatum Thunberg and A. platanoides L., were not significantly more attractive than those of resistant maples, A. rubrum L. ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/26.2.334

39. Separation and analysis of carotenoids and chlorophylls in Haematococcus lacustris by high-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array detection

Author:
Yuan, J.P.; Gong, X.D.; Chen, F.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997 v.45 no.5 pp. 1952-1956
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Haematococcus; absorption; astaxanthin; beta-carotene; biosynthesis; canthaxanthin; chlorophyll; esters; high performance liquid chromatography; light intensity; lutein; wavelengths
Abstract:
... An improved HPLC method was developed for the separation and analysis of carotenoids and chlorophylls in a green alga, Haematococcus lacustris. Six astaxanthin esters, the principal carotenoids in H. lacustris, were separated and indicated as astaxanthin esters 1-6. The retention times of the six astaxanthin esters were 11.8, 14.3, 15.0, 18.2, 22.0, and 28.4 min, respectively. Astaxanthin ester 4 ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf970002b

40. Sesquiterpene glycosides and phenylpropanoid esters from Phonus arborescens (Carthamus arborescens)

Author:
Barrero, A.F.; Arteaga, P.; Quilez, J.F.; Rodriguez, I.; Herrador, M.M.
Source:
Journal of natural products 1997 v.60 no.10 pp. 1026-1030
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
Carthamus; medicinal plants; glycosides; propionic acid; esters; spectral analysis; chemical structure; chemical constituents of plants; sesquiterpenoids; Spain
DOI:
10.1021/np970122d

41. Sesquiterpene polyol esters from Celastrus flagellaris

Author:
Wang, M.A.; Chen, F.H.
Source:
Journal of natural products 1997 v.60 no.6 pp. 602-604
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
Celastrus; seed oils; polyols; esters; spectral analysis; chemical structure; Mythimna separata; antifeedants; chemical constituents of plants; sesquiterpenoids; China
DOI:
10.1021/np960660a

42. Structures of ferulic acid glycoside esters in corn hulls

Author:
Hosny, M.; Rosazza, J.P.N.
Source:
Journal of natural products 1997 v.60 no.3 pp. 219-222
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
corn; hulls; ferulic acid; glycosides; esters; spectral analysis; chemical structure; chemical constituents of plants
DOI:
10.1021/np9605908

43. Three secoiridoid glucosides esterified with a linear monoterpene unit and a dimeric secoiridoid glucoside from Jasminum polyanthum

Author:
Tanahashi, T.; Takenaka, Y.; Nagakura, N.
Source:
Journal of natural products 1997 v.60 no.5 pp. 514-518
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
Jasminum; medicinal plants; flowers; secoiridoids; glucosides; esters; spectral analysis; chemical structure; chemical constituents of plants; monoterpenoids
DOI:
10.1021/np9700376

44. Triterpene esters from Australian Acacia

Author:
Ali, M.; Heaton, A.; Leach, D.
Source:
Journal of natural products 1997 v.60 no.11 pp. 1150-1151
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
Acacia; coumaric acids; secondary metabolites; esters; spectral analysis; lupeol; chemical constituents of plants; branches; chemical structure; leaves; Northern Territory; New South Wales
DOI:
10.1021/np9700580

45. Two new sesquiterpenes from Celastrus angulatus

Author:
Wang, Y.; Yang, L.; Tu, Y.; Zhang, K.; Chen, Y.
Source:
Journal of natural products 1997 v.60 no.2 pp. 178-179
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
Celastrus; leaves; polyols; esters; furans; spectral analysis; chemical structure; chemical constituents of plants; sesquiterpenoids; pesticidal plants; China
DOI:
10.1021/np960486q

46. Volatile constituents of Bing sweet cherry fruit following controlled atmosphere storage

Author:
Mattheis, J.P.; Buchanan, D.A.; Fellman, J.K.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997 v.45 no.1 pp. 212-216
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
cherries; controlled atmosphere storage; volatile compounds; esters; alcohols; aldehydes; sensory evaluation
Abstract:
... Volatile constituents of Bing sweet cherry fruit were analyzed by purge and trap sampling from fruit homogenates at harvest and after air or controlled atmosphere storage. Acetic acid and aldehydes were quantitatively the largest volatile compounds present at harvest. Changes during storage in the concentrations of three compounds previously identified as contributors to sweet cherry fruit flavor, ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf960234v

47. The flavour of milk and dairy products. II. Cheese: contribution of volatile compounds

Author:
Urbach, G.
Source:
International journal of dairy technology 1997 v.50 no.3 pp. 79-89
ISSN:
1364-727X
Subject:
terpenoids; volatile compounds; fatty acids; lactones; amines; cheeses; flavor; flavor compounds; food composition; odors; ketones; phenolic compounds
DOI:
10.1111/j.1471-0307.1997.tb01743.x

48. The preparation of concentrates of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid by lipase-catalyzed transesterification of fish oil with ethanol

Author:
Haraldsson, Gudmundur G.; Kristinsson, Björn; Sigurdardottir, Ragnheidur; Gudmundsson, Gudmundur G.; Breivik, Harald
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.11 pp. 1419-1424
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
Pseudomonas; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; esters; ethanol; fish oils; monounsaturated fatty acids; transesterification
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to investigate the use of lipases as catalysts for producing concentrates of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish oil as an alternative to conventional chemical procedures. Transesterification of fish oil with ethanol was conducted under anhydrous solvent-free conditions with a stoichiometric amount of ethanol. Among the 17 lipases te ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0247-1

49. Analysis and chemistry of distilled lime oil (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle)

Author:
Chamblee, T.S.; Clark, B.C. Jr.
Source:
Journal of essential oil research 1997 v.9 no.3 pp. 267-274
ISSN:
1041-2905
Subject:
Citrus aurantiifolia; limes; essential oils; chemical composition; distillation; cold; pressing; volatile compounds; hydrocarbons; aldehydes; alcohols; esters; ketones; quantitative analysis; kinetics
Abstract:
... Distilled Key lime oil (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) from Mexico has been analyzed by GC/MS and GC/FT-IR with cryofocusing capability. A total of 98 compounds have been identified. Thirty-three of these have not been reported previously for distilled Key lime oil. Quantitative data based on internal standard and response factors is presented for distilled lime oil and compared to cold pressed lime ...
DOI:
10.1080/10412905.1997.10554242

50. Characterization and expression of caffeoyl-coenzyme A 3-O-methyltransferase proposed for the induced resistance response of Vitis vinifera L

Author:
Busam, G.; Junghanns, K.T.; Kneusel, R.E.; Kassemeyer, H.H.; Matern, U.
Source:
Plant physiology 1997 v.115 no.3 pp. 1039-1048
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
lignification; plant pathogenic fungi; salicylic acid; genes; phenotype; methylation; systemic acquired resistance; clones; gene expression; disease resistance; esters; Vitis vinifera; complementary DNA; amino acid sequences; pathogenicity; enzyme activity; caffeic acid; coenzyme A; niacin; transferases; cell suspension culture; chitinase
Abstract:
... Cell-suspension cultures of Vitis vinifera L. cv Pinot Noir accumulated resveratrol upon fungal elicitation, and the activity of S-adenosyl-1-methionine:trans-caffeoyl-coenzyme A 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT), yielding feruloyl-CoA, increased to a transient maximum at 12 to 15 h. CCoAOMT cDNA was cloned from the elicited cells and was shown to encode a polypeptide highly homologous to CCoAOMTs f ...
PubMed:
9390437
PubMed Central:
PMC158567

51. Characterization of insecticidal sugar esters of Petunia

Author:
Chortyk, O.T.; Kays, S.J.; Teng, Q.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997 v.45 no.1 pp. 270-275
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Petunia; glucose; sucrose esters; glycolipids; bioassays; extraction; chemical constituents of plants; separation; chemical structure; leaves
Abstract:
... The recent finding that leaf surface glycolipids of Petunia X hybrida Hort. plants possess insecticidal activity against sweetpotato whiteflies prompted a search for the specific compounds responsible for this biological activity. Successive liquid chromatographic fractionations of an extract of cuticular chemicals of Petunia plants yielded distinct fractions of two glucose esters and four sucrose ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf960322f

52. Characterization of thylakoid-derived lipid-protein particles bearing the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase

Author:
Smith, M.D.; Ghosh, S.; Dumbroff, E.B.; Thompson, J.E.
Source:
Plant physiology 1997 v.115 no.3 pp. 1073-1082
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; fatty acids; thylakoids; proteinases; adenosine triphosphate; Phaseolus vulgaris; esters; light; chemical constituents of plants; protein content; enzyme activity
Abstract:
... Lipid-protein particles bearing the 55-kD ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) (EC 4.1.1.39) large subunit (RLSU) and no detectable corresponding Rubisco small subunit (RSSU) were isolated from the stroma of intact chloroplasts by flotation centrifugation. Stromal RLSU-bearing particles appear to originate from thylakoids because they can also be generated in vitro by illumina ...

53. Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants

Author:
Valivety, Rao; Jauregi, Paula; Gill, Iqbal; Vulfson, Evgeny
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.7 pp. 879-886
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
acylation; amides; amino acid derivatives; amino acids; copper; esters; free amino acids; glycerol; myristic acid; surfactants
Abstract:
... The application of lipases to the synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants was investigated. Low yields (2-9%) were obtained in the acylation of free amino acids, such as l-serine and l-lysine, as well as their ethyl esters and amides with fatty acids, owing in part to low miscibility of the reactants. When the N-carbobenzyloxy (Cbz)-l-amino acids were used in an effort to improve miscibility of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0232-8

54. Determination of zinc O,O′-dialkyl dithiophosphate lubricant additives via the corresponding methyl and p-nitrobenzylic ester derivatives using GC-MS, GC-NPD and HPLC-MS

Author:
R. Becker; W. Hoffmann; A. Knorr; W. Walther; A. Lehmann
Source:
Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 1997 v.357 no.6 pp. 688-694
ISSN:
0937-0633
Subject:
additives; analytical chemistry; detection; esters; gas chromatography; length; lubricants; markets; mass spectrometry; mixtures; monitoring; oils; quantitative analysis; solutions; zinc
Abstract:
... A quantitative fingerprinting of automotive lubricants with respect to zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates (ZDP), major anti-wear/antioxidant additives, is presented. ZDPs in lubricant solutions are converted into the corresponding methyl and p-nitrobenzylic esters, respectively. After removal of the lubricant matrix the methyl esters are submitted to gas chromatography (GC). Mass spectrometric detectio ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002160050235

55. Effects of ethoxylate structure on surfactant properties of ethoxylated fatty methyl esters

Author:
Hama, I.; Sakaki, M.; Sasamoto, H.
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.7 pp. 823-827
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
detergents; dyes; esters; ethylene oxide; foaming; solubilization; surface tension; wettability
Abstract:
... In the presence of a surface-modified Al-Mg composite oxide catalyst, ethoxylated fatty methyl esters with different hydrophobic group structures and different chain-lengths of polyoxyethylene were synthesized from fatty methyl esters by direct ethoxylation. Each ethoxylated fatty methyl ester obtained showed a narrow ethylene oxide (EO) adduct distribution. Foaming, ability to lower surface tensi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0225-7

56. Enzymic modification of feather keratin hydrolysates with lysine aimed at increasing the biological value

Author:
Dalev, P.; Ivanov, I.; Liubomirova, A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1997 v.73 no.2 pp. 242-244
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
trypsin; lysine; protein value; chemical reactions; amino acid derivatives; essential amino acids; peptides; esters; protein hydrolysates; amino acid composition; feathers; enzyme activity
Abstract:
... The lysine content of feather protein hydrolysate was modified via activation with alkaline proteinase and trypsin at pH 6.2 and 8.3, respectively. Lysine was used as the hydrochloride and the diacetyl derivative in the first case and as the methyl ester in the trypsin modification. The results indicate a lysine content of 26-35 g kg-1 and 59-64 g kg-1 after alkaline proteinase activation and 52-6 ...
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199702)73:2<242::AID-JSFA712>3.0.CO;2-3

57. Esterified vasoactive lipids for increasing perfusion pressure of the caruncular arterial bed in mammals

Author:
Al-Mahmoud, M.; Ford, S.P.; Short, E.; Farley, D.B.; Christenson, J.P.; Rossaza, N.
Source:
United States Department of Agriculture patents 1997 pp. -
Subject:
mammals; arteries; lipids; esters; sympathetic nervous system; patents; USDA; United States
Abstract:
... Esterified alkanediols which increase perfusion pressure of the caruncular arterial bed in mammals. ...
Handle:
10113/5465

58. Hydrolysis and fermentation by rat gut microorganisms of 2-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl (5-O-feruloyl)-L-arabinose derived from grass cell wall arabinoxylan

Author:
Wende, G.; Buchanan, C.J.; Fry, S.C.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1997 v.73 no.3 pp. 296-300
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
rats; intestinal microorganisms; cecum; fermentation; hydrolysis; carbohydrate metabolism; pentosans; arabinose; esters; esterases; ferulic acid; Festuca arundinacea; cell wall components
Abstract:
... It has been shown that a common side-chain of grass cell wall arabinoxylans is 2-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(5-O feruloyl)-L-arabiose [X(F)A]. The stability of X(F)A was determined by incubation of (feruloyl-U-14C)labelled X(F)A and (pentosyl-1-3H)-labelled X(F)A anaerobically with rat caecal contents and chromatographic analysis of the radioactive products. The ester linkage was hydrolysed very rapid ...
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199703)73:3<296::AID-JSFA737>3.0.CO;2-0

59. Importance of the chiral centers of jasmonic acid in the responses of plants. Activities and antagonism between natural and synthetic analogs

Author:
Holbrook, L.; Tung, P.; Ward, K.; Reid, D.M.; Abrams, S.; Lamb, N.; Quail, J.W.; Moloney, M.M.
Source:
Plant physiology 1997 v.114 no.2 pp. 419-428
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Brassica napus; measurement; chemical degradation; dose response; jasmonic acid; gene expression; Triticum aestivum; Nicotiana tabacum; esters; stereochemistry; enzyme activity; chemical structure; seed germination; transgenic plants; cotyledons; proteinase inhibitors; reporter genes; chemical constituents of plants; chlorophyll; beta-glucuronidase
Abstract:
... The importance of the two chiral centers at C-3 and C-7 in the molecular structure of jasmonic acid in plant responses was investigated. We separated methyl jasmonate (MeJA) into (3R)- and (3S)-isomers with a fixed stereochemistry at C-3, but epimerization at C-7 is possible. The four isomers of the nonepimerizable analog 7-methyl MeJA were synthesized. These six esters and their corresponding aci ...

60. Influence of catalyst structure on direct ethoxylation of fatty methyl esters over Al-Mg composite oxide catalyst

Author:
Hama, I.; Sasamoto, H.; Okamoto, T.
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.7 pp. 817-822
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
aluminum; esters; ethylene oxide; poisoning; surface area
Abstract:
... During direct ethoxylation of fatty methyl ester over Al-Mg composite oxide catalyst, the activity was nearly proportional to the total number of active Al acidic sites on the catalyst surface per unit weight of catalyst. Lower active Al acidic site densities resulted in a narrower ethylene oxide (EO) adduct distribution of obtained ethoxylate. We developed a new catalyst with a large surface area ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0224-8

61. Link between light and fatty acid synthesis: thioredoxin-linked reductive activation of plastidic acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Author:
Sasaki, Y.; Kozaki, A.; Hatano, M.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997 v.94 no.20 pp. 11096-11101
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
redox potential; biosynthesis; dithiothreitol; sulfur proteins; magnesium; reducing agents; lipogenesis; pH; esters; light; acetyl-CoA carboxylase; Pisum sativum; enzyme activity; chloroplasts
Abstract:
... Fatty acid synthesis in chloroplasts is regulated by light. The synthesis of malonyl-CoA, which is catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) and is the first committed step, is modulated by light/dark. Plants have ACCase in plastids and the cytosol. To determine the possible involvement of a redox cascade in light/dark modulation of ACCase, the effect of DTT, a known reductant of S-S bonds, was ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.94.20.11096
PubMed:
9380765
PubMed Central:
PMC23628

62. Lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction 1: Influence of flow rate

Author:
Gunnlaugsdottir, Helga; Sivik, Björn
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.11 pp. 1483-1490
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
alcoholysis; atmospheric pressure; carbon dioxide; catalytic activity; cod liver oil; esters; ethanol; supercritical fluid extraction; temperature; triacylglycerol lipase
Abstract:
... A combined process of lipase (E.C. 3.1.1.3) catalysis and extraction of product with supercritical carbon dioxide was studied. The effect of different flow rates of the extraction fluid on the selective removal of the ethyl esters (EE) synthesized in a lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis of cod liver oil with ethanol was investigated. The faster the flow rate, the faster the extraction rate and the highe ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0258-y

63. Novel glycosidic constituents from saffron

Author:
Straubinger, M.; Jezussek, M.; Waibel, R.; Winterhalter, P.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997 v.45 no.5 pp. 1678-1681
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
countercurrent chromatography; esters; glycoconjugates; high performance liquid chromatography; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; saffron
Abstract:
... The methanolic extract of saffron was prefractionated with the aid of multilayer coil countercurrent chromatography (MLCCC). After subsequent purification of certain fractions by high-performance liquid chromatography, the following glycoconjugates were isolated and identified on the basis of their spectral (UV, MS, NMR) data: the beta-D-glucosides of (4R)-4-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-enone ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf960861k

64. Purification of docosahexaenoic acid from tuna oil by a two-step enzymatic method: Hydrolysis and selective esterification

Author:
Shimada, Yuji; Maruyama, Kazuaki; Sugihara, Akio; Moriyama, Shigeru; Tominaga, Yoshio
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1997 v.74 no.11 pp. 1441-1446
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
Pseudomonas; Rhizopus; alcohols; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; esterification; esters; free fatty acids; hydrolysis; linoleic acid; mixing; triacylglycerol lipase; tuna oil
Abstract:
... Purification of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was attempted by a two-step enzymatic method that consisted of hydrolysis of tuna oil and selective esterification of the resulting free fatty acids (FFA). When more than 60% of tuna oil was hydrolyzed with Pseudomonas sp. lipase (Lipase-AK), the DHA content in the FFA fraction coincided with its content in the original tuna oil. This lipase showed strong ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-997-0251-5

65. Structural investigation of resin glycosides from Ipomoea lonchophylla

Author:
MacLeod, J.K.; Ward, A.; Oelrichs, P.B.
Source:
Journal of natural products 1997 v.60 no.5 pp. 467-471
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
Ipomoea; poisonous plants; resins; glycosides; esters; toxic substances; hydrolysis; metabolites; spectral analysis; chemical structure; lambs; chemical constituents of plants; Queensland
DOI:
10.1021/np960693q
PubMed:
9170289

66. Various pectin methyltransferase activities with affinity for low and highly methylated pectins

Author:
Bourlard, T.; Schaumann-Gaudinet, A.; Bruyant-Vannier, M.P.; Morvan, C.
Source:
Plant & cell physiology 1997 v.38 no.3 pp. 259-267
ISSN:
0032-0781
Subject:
Linum usitatissimum; cultured cells; cell membranes; pectins; transferases; enzyme activity; esters; methylation; biosynthesis; pH; protein content
Abstract:
... The activity of pectin methyltransferases (PMT) from endomembranes of flax cells (Linum usitatissimum L.) was enhanced in the presence of exogenous pectins. The value of optimal pH increased from 5.5 to 7.0 with the degree of methylesterification (DE from 0.00 to 0.50) of pectins. We showed, using size exclusion chromatography, that methylesterification had principally occurred onto exogenous pect ...
DOI:
10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029161

67. A novel multifunctional O-methyltransferase implicated in a dual methylation pathway associated with lignin biosynthesis in loblolly pine

Author:
Li, L.; Popko, J.L.; Zhang, X.H.; Osakabe, K.; Tsai, C.J.; Joshi, C.P.; Chiang, V.L.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997 v.94 no.10 pp. 5461-5466
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Pinus taeda; complementary DNA; transferases; nucleotide sequences; amino acid sequences; gene transfer; gene expression; Escherichia coli; Pichia; enzyme activity; caffeic acid; ferulic acid; esters; messenger RNA
Abstract:
... S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent O-methyltransferases (OMTs) catalyze the methylation of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives for the synthesis of methylated plant polyphenolics, including lignin. The distinction in the extent of methylation of lignins in angiosperms and gymnosperms, mediated by substrate-specific OMTs, represents one of the fundamental differences in lignin biosynthesis betwee ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.94.10.5461
PubMed:
9144260
PubMed Central:
PMC24701