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1. Accordion structured porous silicon membranes: Application to contamination detection of organic volatile by FTIR spectroscopy

Author:
Cavalaglio, S.; Robert, L.; Gauthier-Manuel, B.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 250-253
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; artificial membranes; potassium hydroxide; silicon
Abstract:
... We report here the design of a new three-dimensional structured porous silicon membrane having an accordion shape by anodizing of anisotropic KOH etched silicon wafer. A complete process is described and an application example as contamination detection of organic volatile by FTIR spectroscopy is proposed. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.056

2. A critical review of cyclic transient membrane gas separation processes: State of the art, opportunities and limitations

Author:
Wang, Lei; Corriou, Jean-Pierre; Castel, Christophe; Favre, Eric
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 170-188
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; case studies; isotopes; solubility
Abstract:
... Membrane gas separations under transient state conditions are rather unexplored compared to steady-state operations. In a first step, the various theoretical and experimental studies performed on membrane gas separation processes under cyclic operations are reviewed. With respect to the cycle duration, these operations are classified into short and long classes. In a second step, a systematic anal ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.052

3. Alkaline fuel cell membranes from xylylene block ionenes

Author:
Lee, Kyung Min; Wycisk, Ryszard; Litt, Morton; Pintauro, Peter N.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 254-261
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
ambient temperature; anion exchange; artificial membranes; cell membranes; composite polymers; films (materials); fuel cells; mechanical properties; polypropylenes; porosity; sodium hydroxide; solubility; solvents; thermal properties
Abstract:
... A new class of anion-exchange membranes, based on xylylene ionene segmented block copolymers, has been fabricated and characterized for possible use in alkaline fuel cells. The ionene materials were composed of non-polar blocks which, in principle, conferred mechanical strength and water swelling control to the membrane, and polar blocks with quaternary dibenzyl dimethyl ammonium groups located on ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.062

4. An original use of size exclusion-HPLC for predicting the performances of batch ultrafiltration implemented to enrich a complex protein hydrolysate in a targeted bioactive peptide

Author:
Kapel, R.; Klingenberg, F.; Framboisier, X.; Dhulster, P.; Marc, I.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 26-34
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
absorbance; artificial membranes; bioactive properties; equations; hydrolysates; peptides; prediction; protein hydrolysates; ultrafiltration
Abstract:
... This article reports an original strategy for predicting the performances of UF aimed at enriching a hydrolysate in a targeted peptide. This strategy is based on classical equations from UF global mass balance that requires both the retention rate and the initial concentration of every hydrolysate peptide. The main difficulty lies in the assessment of this information for hydrolysates are commonly ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.025

5. Development and characterization of polymer inclusion membranes for the separation and speciation of inorganic As species

Author:
Güell, Raquel; Anticó, Enriqueta; Kolev, Spas D.; Benavente, Juana; Salvadó, Victòria; Fontàs, Clàudia
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 88-95
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
anion exchange; anions; aqueous solutions; arsenates; arsenic; arsenites; cellulose; chlorides; dielectric spectroscopy; liquid membranes; nitrates; permeability; phosphates; plasticizers; polymers; sulfates; wastewater
Abstract:
... This study involves the preparation and optimization of polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) based on the polymer cellulose triacetate and the extractant (carrier) Aliquat 336 (a mixture of quaternary ammonium chlorides) for the transport of inorganic As species (arsenite and arsenate) from their aqueous solutions. The influence of the composition of the membranes on its extraction and transport pro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.037

6. Development of thin binary and ternary Pd-based alloy membranes for use in hydrogen production

Author:
Peters, T.A.; Kaleta, T.; Stange, M.; Bredesen, R.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 124-134
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; activation energy; alloys; artificial membranes; copper; hydrogen; hydrogen production; manufacturing; molybdenum; permeability; temperature
Abstract:
... The manufacturing, characterisation, and H₂ permeation properties of thin membranes of a variety of binary Pd–Cu (∼5–53at.% Cu), Pd–TM (∼5at.% TM=Au, Ru, Mo, Ta, Nb, Y), and ternary Pd–Cu–TM alloys (base alloy∼Pd₇₀Cu₃₀ where Cu is replaced by various amounts of TM) prepared by magnetron sputtering are reported. From the XRD characterisation it can be concluded that all the membranes prepared by ma ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.050

7. Effect of β-sheet crystalline content on mass transfer in silk films

Author:
Karve, Kiran A.; Gil, Eun Seok; McCarthy, Stephen P.; Kaplan, David L.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 44-49
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; crystal structure; diffusivity; drugs; fibroins; fluorescein; lysozyme; mass transfer; permeability; silk; silk proteins; vitamin B12
Abstract:
... The material properties of silk are favorable for drug delivery due to the ability to control material structure and morphology under ambient, aqueous processing conditions. Mass transport of compounds with varying physical–chemical characteristics was studied in silk fibroin films with control of β-sheet crystalline content. Two compounds, vitamin B12 and fluorescein isothiocynate (FITC) labeled ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.032
PubMed:
22135474
PubMed Central:
PMC3224987

8. Effect of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks on the gas transport performance of ZIF8-poly(1,4-phenylene ether-ether-sulfone) hybrid membranes

Author:
Díaz, Kenya; López-González, Mar; del Castillo, Luis F.; Riande, Evaristo
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 206-213
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
activation energy; artificial membranes; carbon dioxide; diffusivity; ethane; ethylene; gases; glass transition temperature; hydrogen; methane; nitrogen; oxygen; permeability; polymers
Abstract:
... This work reports the permeability of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane and ethylene across ZIF-8/poly(1,4-phenylen ether-ether-sulfone) hybrid membranes containing 0, 0.10, 0.20 and 0.30 weight fractions of ZIF-8. The glass transition temperature is independent on the filler content suggesting that the filler does not affect the polymer chains mobility. The study was car ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.042

9. Gas/liquid membrane contactors based on disubstituted polyacetylene for CO₂ absorption liquid regeneration at high pressure and temperature

Author:
Trusov, Alexander; Legkov, Sergey; van den Broeke, Leo J.P.; Goetheer, Earl; Khotimsky, Valery; Volkov, Alexey
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 241-249
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; absorption; carbon dioxide; chemical degradation; chemical structure; hydrophobicity; liquid membranes; nitrogen; oxygen; permeability; polyacetylenes; polymers; temperature
Abstract:
... This work deals with the study of chemical stability and the general behavior of hydrophobic glassy polymers with an excess of free volume fraction, such as poly[1-(trimethylsylil)-1-propyne] (PTMSP), poly[1-(trimethylgermil)-1-propyne] (PTMGP) and poly[4-methyl-2-pentyne] (PMP). The dense membranes based on these polymers have been tested at conditions which are typical for the regeneration of CO ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.058

10. Gas transport and free volume in hexafluoropropylene polymers

Author:
Belov, N.A.; Zharov, A.A.; Shashkin, A.V.; Shaikh, M.Q.; Raetzke, K.; Yampolskii, Yu.P.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 70-77
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; composite polymers; diffusivity; hydrogen; oxygen; permeability; solubility; sorption; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Amorphous perfluorinated polymers reveal interesting gas permeation and sorption properties. However, the number of the polymers of this class described in literature is limited. In this work, synthesis and physicochemical properties of two novel perfluorinated polymers: poly(hexafluoropropylene) (PHFP) and the copolymer of hexafluoropropylene (90wt.%) and perfluoromethylvinyl ether (10wt.%) (copo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.029

11. High-temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazole and clay composites for fuel cells

Author:
Plackett, David; Siu, Ana; Li, Qingfeng; Pan, Chao; Jensen, Jens Oluf; Nielsen, Søren Fæster; Permyakova, Anastasia A.; Bjerrum, Niels J.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 78-87
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
X-radiation; ambient temperature; artificial membranes; cations; clay; dimensional stability; electric power; fuel cells; hydrogen; hydrogen bonding; infrared spectroscopy; ion exchange; permeability; phosphoric acid; polymers; relative humidity; salts; tensile strength
Abstract:
... Good dispersion of modified laponite clay was achieved in polybenzimidazole (PBI) solutions which, when cast and allowed to dry, resulted in homogeneous and transparent composite membranes containing up to 20wt% clay in the polymer. The clay was organically modified using a series of ammonium and pyridinium salts with varying polarity and hydrogen-bonding capacity. Clay modification by ion-exchang ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.038

12. High-throughput premix membrane emulsification using nickel sieves having straight-through pores

Author:
Nazir, Akmal; Schroën, Karin; Boom, Remko
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 116-123
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; droplet size; droplets; emulsifying; emulsions; fouling; homogenization; nickel; porosity; sieves
Abstract:
... We report on the use of nickel sieves, having a uniform pore size (typically 10μm×300μm), for (oil-in-water) premix emulsification at relatively low transmembrane pressures. The droplet break-up was found to be based on elongation and recompression of droplets typical of high-pressure homogenization. The dependence on the transmembrane pressure indicated at least partial turbulent conditions. In l ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.051

13. Influence of PDMS chain length on proton conductivity in polysiloxane based membranes for HT-PEMFC application

Author:
Harms, C.; Wilhelm, M.; Grathwohl, G.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 135-143
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; benzimidazole; crosslinking; glass transition temperature; hydrophobicity; siloxanes
Abstract:
... Siloxane based membranes were produced with benzimidazole as proton conducting group by cross-linking siloxane monomers with two or three cross-linking groups. The network structure was further modified by adding a constant amount of silanol terminated linear polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) with varying chain lengths. Their influence on glass transition temperature, network formation and proton condu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.049

14. Ionic liquid membranes for carbon dioxide–methane separation

Author:
Uchytil, P.; Schauer, J.; Petrychkovych, R.; Setnickova, K.; Suen, S.Y.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 262-271
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
carbon dioxide; ionic liquids; liquid membranes; methane; permeability; polymers
Abstract:
... The transport of carbon dioxide and methane in polymer containing ionic liquid was studied by a dynamic gas permeation method. Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) polymeric membrane (Viton) and two ionic liquids 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([hmim][Tf₂N]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([emim][Tf₂N]) were used for pre ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.061

15. Lattice characteristics, structure stability and oxygen permeability of BaFe₁₋ₓYₓO₃₋δ ceramic membranes

Author:
Liu, Xiaotong; Zhao, Hailei; Yang, Jianying; Li, Yuan; Chen, Ting; Lu, Xionggang; Ding, Weizhong; Li, Fushen
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 235-240
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; ceramics; cobalt; crystal structure; electrical conductivity; energy; ions; iron; oxidation; oxygen; permeability; yttrium
Abstract:
... BaFe₁₋ₓYₓO₃₋δ (x=0–0.2) materials were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction process for oxygen separation application. The effects of Y-doping on the crystal structure development, electrical conductivity and oxygen permeability were evaluated. Yttrium introduction effectively stabilize the cubic structure of BaFe₁₋ₓYₓO₃₋δ. With Y-doping, the oxidation state of Fe ions reduces, resulti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.059

16. Maxwell–Stefan modeling of slowing-down effects in mixed gas permeation across porous membranes

Author:
Krishna, Rajamani; van Baten, Jasper M.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 289-300
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; carbon dioxide; coordination polymers; diffusivity; equations; glass; hydrogen; methane; models; molecular dynamics; sorption isotherms; zeolites
Abstract:
... Micro- and meso-porous materials such as zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), Vycor glass, MCM-41, and SBA-15 are used in membrane separation in a wide variety of applications such as CO₂ capture. For process development and design purposes the Maxwell–Stefan (M–S) equations are widely used for modeling mixed gas per ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.067

17. Nano-scale morphology in graft copolymer proton-exchange membranes cross-linked with DIPB

Author:
Balog, Sandor; Gasser, Urs; Mortensen, Kell; Ben youcef, Hicham; Gubler, Lorenz; Scherer, Günther G.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 50-59
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; composite polymers; crosslinking; separation; styrene
Abstract:
... The relationships between the nano-scale structure and the monomer composition of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are reported. The PEMs are synthesized by preirradiation-induced grafting ETFE with styrene and cross-linker, 1,3-diisopropenylbenzene (DIPB), where the styrene moieties are sulfonated subsequently. The degree of grafting is constant, while the DIPB level is varied systematically. The ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.031

18. N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAM) modified cellulose acetate ultrafiltration membranes

Author:
Gorey, Colleen; Escobar, Isabel C.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 272-279
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
adsorption; ammonium nitrate; artificial membranes; cellulose acetate; ceric ammonium nitrate; desorption; fouling; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; phase transition; polymers; temperature; ultrafiltration
Abstract:
... A potentially low fouling membrane was developed by attaching a stimuli-responsive polymer layer on the surface, which offered the potential to collapse or expand the polymer layer with change in temperature. The phase change arose from the existence of a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) such that the polymer precipitated from solution as the temperature was increased. This capability wa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.066

19. Novel proton conducting membranes based on butylsulfonated poly[2,2′-(m-pyrazolidene)-5,5′-bibenzimidazole] (BS-PPBI): Proton conductivity, acid doping and water uptake properties

Author:
Namazi, Hassan; Ahmadi, Hossein
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 280-288
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; polymers; relative humidity; solubility; solvents; temperature; tensile strength
Abstract:
... Poly[2,2′-(m-pyrazolidene)-5,5′-bibenzimidazole] (PPBI) was synthesized via polycondensation reaction of pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid and 3,3′,4,4′-tetraaminobiphenyle (TAB) in polyphosphoric medium. Then the novel proton conducting polymer, butylsulfonated PPBI (BS-PPBI), was synthesized through the ring-opening reaction of 1,4-butanesultone by the reactive N–H groups of PPBI. The solubility of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.065

20. Physical and high-temperature permeation features of double-layered cellular filtering membranes prepared via freeze casting of emulsified powder suspensions

Author:
Barg, Suelen; Innocentini, Murilo D.M.; Meloni, Rodolfo V.; Chacon, Welton S.; Wang, Hailing; Koch, Dietmar; Grathwohl, Georg
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 35-43
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
aerosols; air; air flow; alkanes; aluminum oxide; ambient temperature; artificial membranes; bulk density; equations; filters; filtration; permeability; porosity; viscosity
Abstract:
... Double-layered cellular alumina membranes for use in hot aerosol filtration applications were prepared based on the freeze casting and sintering of high alkane phase emulsified suspensions (HAPES). Membranes were shaped as flat disks with diameter of 3cm and 8–9mm of total thickness (about 80% for the support layer and 20% for the filtering layer). Samples displayed open porosity of 77.4±0.1% and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.003

21. Pore-size-controlled silica membranes with disiloxane alkoxides for gas separation

Author:
Lee, Hye Ryeon; Shibata, Toshinobu; Kanezashi, Masakoto; Mizumo, Tomonobu; Ohshita, Joji; Tsuru, Toshinori
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 152-158
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; catalysts; ethane; hydrogen; porosity; powders; silica gel
Abstract:
... Pore-size-controlled silica membranes were prepared using hexaethoxy disiloxane (HEDS) by a “spacer” technique, which is a novel strategy to control the pore size of silica membranes using bridged alkoxides. HEDS-derived silica gel powders prepared with acid and base catalysts were microporous and mesoporous, respectively. HEDS-derived silica membranes prepared from HCl-catalyzed sol showed high H ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.046

22. Preparation and characterization of PES and PSU membrane humidifiers

Author:
Samimi, Armin; Mousavi, Seyyed Abbas; Moallemzadeh, Alireza; Roostaazad, Reza; Hesampour, Mehrdad; Pihlajamäki, Arto; Mänttäri, Mika
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 197-205
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
air; artificial membranes; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; humidifiers; mechanical properties; nanoparticles; polymers; relative humidity; scanning electron microscopy; temperature; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... Polysulfone (PSU) and polyethersulfone (PES) porous membranes; and mixed polymer with nanoparticles TiO₂, were prepared for air humidification. The mechanical properties and morphology of these membranes were studied by Tensile tester and SEM/EDX. The effects of membrane composition and operating factors on humidifier performance were investigated. The results revealed that the membrane compositio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.043

23. Receptor-based biomimetic NVP/DMA contact lenses for loading/eluting carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Author:
Ribeiro, Andreza; Veiga, Francisco; Santos, Delfim; Torres-Labandeira, Juan J.; Concheiro, Angel; Alvarez-Lorenzo, Carmen
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 60-69
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
acetazolamide; acrylamides; active sites; adverse effects; artificial membranes; biomimetics; carbonate dehydratase; drugs; hydrocolloids; polymerization; receptors; viscoelasticity; zinc
Abstract:
... Biomimetic principles were applied to design N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) hydrogels with enhanced affinity for the antiglaucoma drugs acetazolamide (ACT) and ethoxzolamide (ETOX). These inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase are orally given to decrease intraocular pressure, but their systemic side effects prompt the development of devices for ocular delivery. Receptors for ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.030

24. Removal of micropollutants by membrane bioreactor under temperature variation

Author:
Hai, Faisal I.; Tessmer, Karin; Nguyen, Luong N.; Kang, Jinguo; Price, William E.; Nghiem, Long D.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 144-151
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
ambient temperature; artificial membranes; bioreactors; carbon; chemical structure; fouling; hydrophobicity; municipal wastewater; nitrogen content; pollutants; sludge
Abstract:
... The effects of controlled temperature variation in the range of 10–45°C were assessed in a lab-scale MBR that treated synthetic municipal wastewater spiked with selected micropollutants. The effects were evaluated with respect to total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) removal, micropollutant removal, sludge growth, level of soluble microbial products (SMPs) in the mixed liquor and memb ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.047

25. Revisiting the laws of filtration: An assessment of their use in identifying particle retention mechanisms in filtration

Author:
Tien, Chi; Ramarao, Bandaru V.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 17-25
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; filtration; models
Abstract:
... An assessment of the validity of the laws of filtration and their applications in filtration studies was made. It shows that the assumptions used in formulating some of the filtration rate expressions are incorrect. Furthermore, the experimentally determined relationship between d²t/dV² and dV/dt was often found to be inconsistent or disagree with the laws of filtration. While applying the laws of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.07.019

26. Scale formation and control in high pressure membrane water treatment systems: A review

Author:
Antony, Alice; Low, Jor How; Gray, Stephen; Childress, Amy E.; Le-Clech, Pierre; Leslie, Greg
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 1-16
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; brackish water; calcium phosphates; desalination; hydrochemistry; recycling; reverse osmosis; silica; solubility; spectroscopy; systems engineering; wastewater; water treatment
Abstract:
... The nucleation and growth of inorganic scale on membrane surfaces is a problem shared by operators of reverse osmosis systems. While suite of indicators exists to predict scale formation based on pure compound solubility, it is apparent the onset of crystal nucleation and the properties of precipitated scale in reverse osmosis systems operating on natural waters differs from what would be expected ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.054

27. Sol–gel derived poly(vinyl alcohol)/maleic acid/silica hybrid membrane for desalination by pervaporation

Author:
Xie, Zongli; Hoang, Manh; Duong, Tuan; Ng, Derrick; Dao, Buu; Gray, Stephen
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 96-103
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; alcohols; artificial membranes; chemical bonding; crosslinking; desalination; diffusivity; maleic acid; nanoparticles; pervaporation; polyvinyl alcohol; scanning electron microscopy; silica; sol-gel processing; thermal properties
Abstract:
... Highly dispersed homogeneous hybrid polymer–inorganic membranes based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), maleic acid (MA) and inorganic silica were synthesized via a sol–gel method. Tetraethoxy-silane (TEOS) was used as the silica precursor with MA as an additional crosslinking agent. A range of techniques such as FTIR, SEM, TGA, XRD and DSC were used to characterise the nanostructure and properties of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.036

28. Synthesis and characterization of crosslinked polymer nanocomposite for polymer electrolyte materials

Author:
Bai, Zongwu; Rodrigues, Stanley J.; Dang, Thuy D.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 189-196
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
absorption; artificial membranes; composite polymers; crosslinking; electrolytes; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; nanomaterials; polymer nanocomposites; relative humidity; scanning electron microscopy; sol-gel processing; thermal stability
Abstract:
... Novel nanocomposite membranes based on sulfonated poly(arylenethioethersulfone) and polysiloxane-network were prepared via an in situ sol–gel process. The polysiloxane-network (PSIN) as nanostructure was formed by dimethyldimethoxysilane (DMDMS), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), and N,N-diethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane (DAPMS). Sulfonated poly(arylenethioethersulfone) (SPTES-100) polymer was modified t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.044

29. Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated-poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes for the pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol

Author:
Rachipudi, P.S.; Kariduraganavar, M.Y.; Kittur, A.A.; Sajjan, A.M.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 224-234
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; activation energy; artificial membranes; differential scanning calorimetry; heat; isopropyl alcohol; mechanical properties; pervaporation; physicochemical properties; scanning electron microscopy; sorption; temperature; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Using a solution technique, sulfonated-poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes were developed as pervaporation membranes by incorporating sulfophthalic acid (SPTA). The physico-chemical properties of the resulting membranes were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scannin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.040

30. The effect of phase inversion promoters on the structure and performance of polyetherimide hollow fiber membrane using in gas–liquid contacting process

Author:
Bakeri, Gh.; Matsuura, T.; Ismail, A.F.
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 159-169
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
absorption; acetic acid; artificial membranes; ethanol; glycerol; methanol; molecular weight; polymers; porosity; solvents; spinning; thermodynamics; viscosity
Abstract:
... Low molecular weight organic compounds were added to the spinning dope as phase inversion promoters and their effects on the structure of polyetherimide (PEI) hollow fibers as well as their performance as membrane contactor were investigated. Water, methanol, ethanol, glycerol and acetic acid were added individually to the solvent NMP to prepare a dope containing 15wt% PEI, 4wt% additive, 81wt% NM ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.048

31. The flow of butane and isobutane vapors near saturation through porous Vycor glass membranes

Author:
Loimer, Thomas; Uchytil, Petr; Petrickovic, Roman; Setnickova, Katerina
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 104-115
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; capillarity; mass flow; glass; mass transfer; butanes; vapors
Abstract:
... The pressure-driven flow of vapors through Vycor glass membranes is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The mass flow is measured for a range of pore diameters between 20nm and 200nm and for a range of upstream conditions and pressure differences. The pressures of the vapors upstream of the membrane lie between the saturation pressure and approximately half the saturation pressure. The ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.035

32. The role of sulphonated polymer and macrovoid-free structure in the support layer for thin-film composite (TFC) forward osmosis (FO) membranes

Author:
Widjojo, Natalia; Chung, Tai-Shung; Weber, Martin; Maletzko, Christian; Warzelhan, Volker
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.383 no.1-2 pp. 214-223
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
artificial membranes; desalination; hydrophilicity; osmosis; polymerization; polymers; seawater; sodium chloride
Abstract:
... A new approach to fabricate thin film composite (TFC) membranes via interfacial polymerization for forward osmosis (FO) applications has revealed that it is possible to design TFC-FO membranes with fully sponge-like structure and likely anti-fouling characteristics while maintaining a high water flux. Not only does the sulphonated material in the substrate of TFC-FO membranes play the key role to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.041