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1. A meta-analysis of the effects of experimental warming on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics on the Tibetan Plateau

Author:
Zhang, Xian-Zhou; Shen, Zhen-Xi; Fu, Gang
Source:
Applied soil ecology 2015 v.87 pp. 32-38
ISSN:
0929-1393
Subject:
air temperature; altitude; carbon; climate; correlation; ecosystems; forest soils; global warming; grassland soils; grasslands; latitude; meta-analysis; microbial biomass; mineralization; nitrification; nitrogen; soil heating; soil microorganisms; China
Abstract:
... Alpine ecosystems at high altitudes and latitudes are notably sensitive to climatic warming and the Tibetan Plateau is a widely distributed alpine ecosystem. The magnitude of climatic warming on the Tibetan Plateau is expected to be considerably greater than the global average. However, a synthesis of the experimental warming soil carbon and nitrogen data is still lacking and whether forest soils ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.11.012

2. Effects of vegetation on soil microbial C, N, and P dynamics in a tropical forest and savanna of Central Africa

Author:
Sugihara, Soh; Shibata, Makoto; Mvondo Ze, Antonie D.; Araki, Shigeru; Funakawa, Shinya
Source:
Applied soil ecology 2015 v.87 pp. 91-98
ISSN:
0929-1393
Subject:
Oxisols; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; ecosystems; microbial biomass; mineralization; nitrogen; nutrients; phosphorus; savannas; seasonal variation; soil microorganisms; soil pH; soil water; temperature; tropical forests; Cameroon
Abstract:
... The forest–savanna transition zone is widely distributed on nutrient-poor oxisols in Central Africa. To reveal and compare the nutrient cycle in relation to soil microbes for forest and savanna vegetation in this area, we evaluated seasonal fluctuations in microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), and phosphorus (MBP) for 13 months as well as soil moisture, temperature, soil pH levels, and n ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.11.002

3. Earthworms increase soil microbial biomass carrying capacity and nitrogen retention in northern hardwood forests

Author:
Groffman, Peter M.; Fahey, Timothy J.; Fisk, Melany C.; Yavitt, Joseph B.; Sherman, Ruth E.; Bohlen, Patrick J.; Maerz, John C.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2015 v.87 pp. 51-58
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
Acer saccharum subsp. saccharum; Lumbricus rubellus; Lumbricus terrestris; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; carrying capacity; earthworms; environmental factors; hardwood forests; hydrology; microbial biomass; mineralization; nitrification; nitrogen; soil; soil microorganisms; soil organic matter
Abstract:
... Earthworms have been shown to produce contrasting effects on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools and dynamics. We measured soil C and N pools and processes and traced the flow of 13C and 15N from sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) litter into soil microbial biomass and respirable C and mineralizable and inorganic N pools in mature northern hardwood forest plots with variable earthworm communit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.025

4. Fast mineralization and detoxification of amoxicillin and diclofenac by photocatalytic ozonation and application to an urban wastewater

Author:
Moreira, Nuno F.F.; Orge, Carla A.; Ribeiro, Ana R.; Faria, Joaquim L.; Nunes, Olga C.; Pereira, M. Fernando R.; Silva, Adrián M.T.
Source:
Water research 2015 v.87 pp. 87-96
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; amoxicillin; aqueous solutions; carbon; diclofenac; drugs; growth retardation; hormones; microorganisms; mineralization; oxidation; ozonation; ozone; pesticides; photocatalysis; photolysis; pollutants; toxicity; vapors; wastewater
Abstract:
... The degradation of two organic pollutants (amoxicillin and diclofenac) in 0.1 mM aqueous solutions was studied by using advanced oxidation processes, namely ozonation, photolysis, photolytic ozonation, photocatalysis and photocatalytic ozonation. Diclofenac was degraded quickly under direct photolysis by artificial light (medium-pressure vapor arc, λexc > 300 nm), while amoxicillin remained very s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2015.08.059

5. High-rate activated sludge system for carbon management – Evaluation of crucial process mechanisms and design parameters

Author:
Jimenez, Jose; Miller, Mark; Bott, Charles; Murthy, Sudhir; De Clippeleir, Haydee; Wett, Bernhard
Source:
Water research 2015 v.87 pp. 476-482
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
activated sludge; biomass; carbon; chemical oxygen demand; dissolved oxygen; energy balance; mineralization; oxidation; polymers; processing technology; streams; wastewater
Abstract:
... The high-rate activated sludge (HRAS) process is a technology suitable for the removal and redirection of organics from wastewater to energy generating processes in an efficient manner. A HRAS pilot plant was operated under controlled conditions resulting in concentrating the influent particulate, colloidal, and soluble COD to a waste solids stream with minimal energy input by maximizing sludge pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2015.07.032