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1. A 2-year aeropalynological survey of allergenic pollen in the atmosphere of Kastamonu, Turkey

Author:
Talip Çeter; N. M. Pinar; Kerim Güney; Atila Yildiz; Barış Aşcı; Matt Smith
Source:
Aerobiologia 2012 v.28 no.3 pp. 355-366
ISSN:
0393-5965
Subject:
Betula pendula; Carpinus; Cupressaceae; Pinaceae; Poaceae; Quercus; air quality; allergenicity; flora; hypersensitivity; meteorological data; monitoring; planting; pollen; pollination; rain; relative humidity; risk; surveys; temperature; wind speed; Turkey (country)
Abstract:
... Knowledge of airborne pollen concentrations and the weather conditions influencing them is important for air quality forecasters, allergists and allergy sufferers. For this reason, a 7-day recording volumetric spore trap of the Hirst design was used for pollen monitoring between January 2006 and December 2007 in Kastamonu, Turkey. A total of 293,427 pollen grains belonging to 51 taxa were recorded ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10453-011-9240-0

2. 31P NMR spectroscopy in wood chemistry. V. Qualitative analysis of lignin functional groups

Author:
Argyropoulos, D.S.; Bolker, H.I.; Heitner, C.; Archipov, Y.
Source:
Journal of wood chemistry and technology 1993 v.13 no.2 pp. 187-212
ISSN:
0277-3813
Subject:
lignin; wood chemistry; Betula pendula; Picea mariana; qualitative analysis; spectral analysis; hardwood; softwood
Abstract:
... Dioxane lignin isolated from a hardwood (birch, betula verrucosa) and milled wood lignin isolated from a softwood (black spruce, picea mariana) were subjected to a variety of selective reactions to modify some of their functional groups. All the lignins were then treated with 1,3,2-dioxaphospholanyl chloride (I) and the 31P NMR spectra of the derivatives were recorded. Most of the 31P NMR signals ...
DOI:
10.1080/02773819308020514

3. 50 years’ succession on a woodland clearing in the mountain area of eastern Hesse

Author:
Th. Gregor; W. Seidling
Source:
Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt 1997 v.116 no.1-6 pp. 218-231
ISSN:
0015-8003
Subject:
Acer pseudoplatanus; Betula pendula; Carpinus betulus; Fagus sylvatica; Populus tremula; Prunus avium; Quercus robur; Salix caprea; woodlands; Germany
Abstract:
... Succession was recorded over 50 years on a woodland clearing of 1 by means of two permanent plots (312 and 179 rrf) supplemented by recordings of stand structures. The Luzulo-Fagetum, a widespread woodland community on base- and nutrition-poor sites, is regarded as the potential natural vegetation of the site. Herbaceous pioneer-vegetation was present only in the first years,Rubus-xhlckets dominat ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF02766899

4. 90Sr Content in the Stemwood of Forests within Ukrainian Polissya

Author:
Andrii Bilous; Dmytrii Holiaka; Maksym Matsala; Valery Kashparov; Dmitry Schepaschenko; Petro Lakyda; Anatoly Shvidenko; Viktor Myroniuk; Lyudmila Otreshko
Source:
Forests 2020 v.11 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Alnus glutinosa; Betula pendula; forest ecosystems; forests; fuelwood; indigenous species; models; nuclear power; radionuclides; soil; soil pollution; stakeholders; standard deviation; stemwood; strontium; trees; Ukraine
Abstract:
... The consequences of the Chernobyl disaster continue to threaten humans and ecosystems across fallout gradient in Northern Ukraine and nearby. Forest ecosystems contain substantial stocks of long-lived radionuclide 90Sr which was leached from the fuel matrix during the disaster. Nowadays, there is a lack of information about current transfer factors (TF) of this radionuclide from soil to ...
DOI:
10.3390/f11030270

5. Aboveground biomass and nutrient accumulation dynamics in young black alder, silver birch and Scots pine plantations on reclaimed oil shale mining areas in Estonia

Author:
Tatjana Kuznetsova; Aljona Lukjanova; Malle Mandre; Krista Lõhmus
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2011 v.262 no.2 pp. 56-64
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Alnus glutinosa; Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; aboveground biomass; aerial parts; biomass production; mining; nitrogen content; nutrients; oil shale; plantations; planting; primary productivity; soil pH; tree and stand measurements; trees; Estonia
Abstract:
... The growth, aboveground biomass production and nutrient accumulation in black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.), silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) plantations during 7 years after planting were investigated on reclaimed oil shale mining areas in Northeast Estonia with the aim to assess the suitability of the studied species for the reclamation of post-mini ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2010.09.030

6. Abscisic acid promotes root system development in birch tissue culture: a comparison to aspen culture and conventional rooting‐related growth regulators

Author:
Miglė Vaičiukynė; Jonas Žiauka; Rasa Žūkienė; Lidija Vertelkaitė; Sigutė Kuusienė
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 2019 v.165 no.1 pp. 114-122
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
Betula pendula; Populus tremula; Populus tremuloides; abscisic acid; adventitious roots; genotype; high performance liquid chromatography; hormones; hybrids; indole acetic acid; paclobutrazol; root systems; rooting; shoots; tissue culture; trees
Abstract:
... The research aim was to assess the effects of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and the growth regulator paclobutrazol (PBZ) on root system development during the in vitro culture of different birch and aspen genotypes. The studied genotypes involved two aspen (Populus tremula and Populus tremuloides × P. tremula) and two silver birch (Betula pendula) trees, with one of the birches characteriz ...
DOI:
10.1111/ppl.12860

7. Abundance and diversity of birch‐feeding leafminers along latitudinal gradients in northern Europe

Author:
Mikhail V. Kozlov; Erik J. van Nieukerken; Vitali Zverev; Elena L. Zvereva
Source:
Ecography 2013 v.36 no.10 pp. 1138-1149
ISSN:
0906-7590
Subject:
Betula pendula; boreal forests; branches; correlation; global warming; herbivores; latitude; leafminers; leaves; summer; temperature; trees
Abstract:
... Latitudinal patterns in biotic interactions, including herbivory, have been widely debated during the past years. In particular, recent meta‐analysis questioned the hypothesis that herbivory increases from the poles towards the equator. Our study was designed to verify this hypothesis by exploring latitudinal patterns in abundance and diversity of birch‐feeding insect herbivores belonging to the l ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00272.x

8. Acacetin Alleviates Listeria monocytogenes Virulence Both In Vitro and In Vivo via the Inhibition of Listeriolysin O

Author:
Shufang Li; Xiangzhu Xu; Lijuan Wei; Lin Wang; Qianghua Lv
Source:
Foodborne pathogens & disease 2022 v.19 no.2 pp. 115-125
ISSN:
1556-7125
Subject:
Betula pendula; Listeria monocytogenes; Robinia pseudoacacia; bacteria; bacterial growth; drug development; epithelium; erythrocytes; flavones; food pathogens; hemolysis; histopathology; listeriosis; survival rate; toxicity; virulence
Abstract:
... Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous Gram-positive foodborne pathogen that is responsible for listeriosis in both humans and several animal species. The bacterium secretes a pore-forming cholesterol-dependent cytolysin, listeriolysin O (LLO), a major virulence factor involved in the activation of cellular processes. The ability of LLO to lyse erythrocytes is a measure of LLO activity. We used he ...
DOI:
10.1089/fpd.2021.0021

9. Acacetin, a flavone with diverse therapeutic potential in cancer, inflammation, infections and other metabolic disorders

Author:
Shilpi Singh; Pratima Gupta; Abha Meena; Suaib Luqman
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2020 v.145 pp. 111708
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
Betula pendula; Robinia pseudoacacia; antineoplastic activity; arthritis; chemoprevention; chromatography; cytotoxicity; flavones; inflammation; ischemia; lipopolysaccharides; lungs; mechanism of action; microbial growth; neoplasm cells; obesity; pharmacokinetics; therapeutics; toxicology
Abstract:
... Acacetin is a di-hydroxy and mono-methoxy flavone present in various plants, including black locust, Damiana, Silver birch. Literature information revealed that acacetin exhibits an array of pharmacological potential including chemopreventive and cytotoxic properties in cancer cell lines, prevents ischemia/reperfusion/myocardial infarction-induced cardiac injury, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 1-methyl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2020.111708

10. Acclimation of photosynthetic capacity to irradiance in tree canopies in relation to leaf nitrogen concentration and leaf mass per unit area

Author:
Meir, P.; Kruijt, B.; Broadmeadow, M.; Barbosa, E.; Kull, O.; Carswell, F.; Nobre, A.; Jarvis, P.G.
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 2002 v.25 no.3 pp. 343-357
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
Quercus petraea; Betula pendula; Fagus sylvatica; Picea sitchensis; tropical rain forests; canopy; photosynthesis; acclimation; solar radiation; light intensity; nitrogen content; leaves; leaf area; biomass; England; Scotland; Brazil
Abstract:
... The observation of acclimation in leaf photosynthetic capacity to differences in growth irradiance has been widely used as support for a hypothesis that enables a simplification of some soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer (SVAT) photosynthesis models. The acclimation hypothesis requires that relative leaf nitrogen concentration declines with relative irradiance from the top of a canopy to the bott ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.0016-8025.2001.00811.x

11. Acclimation to high irradiance in temperate deciduous trees in the field: changes in xanthophyll cycle pool size and in photosynthetic capacity along a canopy light gradient

Author:
Niinemets, U.; Bilger, W.; Kull, O.; Tenhunen, J.D.
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 1998 v.21 no.12 pp. 1205-1218
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
acclimation; light intensity; field experimentation; Populus tremula; nitrogen content; phenotype; electron transfer; zeaxanthin; Tilia cordata; photosynthesis; leaves; antheraxanthin; leaf area; Betula pendula; climatic factors; canopy; biochemical pathways; shade; chemical constituents of plants; chlorophyll; violaxanthin; Estonia
Abstract:
... To test the hypothesis that in temperate deciduous trees acclimation to potentially damaging high irradiances occurs via long-term adjustments in foliar photosynthetic capacity, and short-term changes in xanthophyll cycle pool size in response to weather fluctuations, nitrogen concentration and pigment composition were examined along a canopy light gradient in three species--Betula pendula, Populu ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00364.x

12. Accumulation of 90SR by Betula pendula within the East Ural Radioactive Trace zone

Author:
Ludmila N. Mikhailovskaya; Vera N. Pozolotina; Makar V. Modorov; Vladimir V. Kukarskih; Valentina P. Guseva; Zinaida B. Mikhailovskaya; Nadezhda S. Shimalina
Source:
Journal of environmental radioactivity 2022 v.250 pp. 106914
ISSN:
0265-931X
Subject:
Betula pendula; accidents; heartwood; metabolism; radioactivity; sapwood; soil pollution; tree age
Abstract:
... This study was conducted in 2010–2020 at the head of the East Ural Radioactive Trace (EURT), which was formed in 1957 as a result of the Kyshtym accident at the Mayak Production Association. The main contaminant in this zone is the long-lived radionuclide Strontium-90 (90Sr). Secondary forests dominated by silver birch (Betula pendula) occupy 45% of the EURT area. Concentration of 90Sr in birch le ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.106914

13. Accumulation of flavonoids and related compounds in birch induced by UV-B irradiance

Author:
Lavola, A.
Source:
Tree physiology 1998 v.18 no.1 pp. 53-58
ISSN:
0829-318X
Subject:
biosynthesis; quantitative analysis; phytotoxicity; coumaric acids; seedlings; stress response; secondary metabolites; Betula pendula; tannins; flavonoids; chemical constituents of plants; ultraviolet radiation; leaves; shoots; Germany; Alaska; Finland
Abstract:
... A growth chamber experiment was conducted to examine the effects of UV-B exposure (4.9 kJ m-2 day-1 of biologically effective UV-B, 280-320 nm) on shoot growth and secondary metabolite production in Betula pendula (Roth) and B. resinifera (Britt.) seedlings originating from environments in Finland, Germany and Alaska differing in solar UV-B radiation and climate. Neither shoot growth nor the compo ...
DOI:
10.1093/treephys/18.1.53

14. Accumulation of heavy metals in soil and litter of roadside plantations in Western Polissia of Ukraine

Author:
Serhii Maksimtsev; Serhii Dudarets; Vasyl Yukhnovskyi
Source:
Folia forestalia Polonica 2021 v.63 no.3 pp. 232-242
ISSN:
2199-5907
Subject:
Acer platanoides; Betula pendula; Carpinus betulus; Tilia cordata; ammonium acetate; atomic absorption spectrometry; cadmium; copper; forest litter; forests; roadsides; species diversity; zinc; Ukraine
Abstract:
... The article presents the results of a study on the influence of roadside forest belts of different species composition on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil and litter along roads of international and national importance in the conditions of Western Polissia of Ukraine. Mobile forms of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in soil and forest litter samples were determined in ammonium acetate extract buffer by a ...
DOI:
10.2478/ffp-2021-0024

15. Accumulation of phenolic compounds in birch leaves is changed by elevated carbon dioxide and ozone

Author:
Peltonen, P.A.; Vapaavuori, E.; Julkunen-Tiitto, R.
Source:
Global change biology 2005 v.11 no.8 pp. 1305-1324
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Betula pendula; leaves; phenolic compounds; biosynthesis; air pollution; ozone; carbon dioxide; elevated atmospheric gases; long term experiments; clones; field experimentation; growth chambers; Finland
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00979.x

16. Accumulative response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) to heavy metals enhanced by Pb-Zn ore mining and processing plants: Explicitly spatial considerations of ordinary kriging based on a GIS approach

Author:
Marek Pająk; Wiktor Halecki; Michał Gąsiorek
Source:
Chemosphere 2017 v.168 pp. 851-859
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; algorithms; cadmium; chromium; copper; emissions; geographic information systems; heavy metals; kriging; lead; leaves; mining; plant tissues; pollution; soil; zinc; Poland
Abstract:
... Plants have an accumulative response to heavy metals present in soils or deposited from airborne sources of emissions. Therefore, their tissues are very often used in studies of heavy metal contamination originating from different sources as a bioindicator of environmental pollution. This research was undertaken to examine accumulation capacities of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu and Cr in washed and unwashed nee ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.125

17. Acetate-detoxification of wood hydrolysates with alkali tolerant Bacillus sp. as a strategy to enhance the lipid production from Rhodosporidium toruloides

Author:
Leonidas Matsakas; Katharina Novak; Josefine Enman; Paul Christakopoulos; Ulrika Rova
Source:
Bioresource technology 2017 v.242 pp. 287-294
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Bacillus (bacteria); Betula pendula; Rhodosporidium toruloides; acetates; acetic acid; activated carbon; bacteria; biodiesel; furfural; hemicellulose; hydrolysates; lipids; oils; phenols; sugars; toxicity; wood; yeasts
Abstract:
... The aim of the current work was to convert an acetate-rich hemicellulose liquid fraction (LF) from hot-water extraction of Betula pendula to oils for biodiesel, with Rhodosporidium toruloides. The toxicity of acetate was circumvented by biological detoxification with an isolated alkali-tolerant and acetate-resistant Bacillus sp. strain. Removal of other lignocellulose-derived inhibitors, such as f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.002

18. Activity of 137Cs and 40K Isotopes in Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Birch (Betula pendula Roth) Stands of Different Ages in a Selected Area of Eastern Poland [Erratum: January 2022, v.13(1)]

Author:
Małgorzata Strzałek; Katarzyna Barczak; Jadwiga Karwowska; Elżbieta Królak
Source:
Forests 2021 v.12 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; cesium radioisotopes; forest ecosystems; forests; isotopes; soil; stand age; wood; Poland; Ukraine
Abstract:
... Research Highlights: a forest is an ecosystem that allows for the assessment of radioactive contamination of the environment over several decades. (1) Background and Objectives: measurements of the activity of the ¹³⁷Cs isotope in various elements of a forest ecosystem are one of the most important parameters in the assessment of radioisotope contamination. The translocation of ¹³⁷Cs in the enviro ...
DOI:
10.3390/f12091205

19. Activity of phosphatases and microbial phosphorus under various tree species growing on reclaimed technosols

Author:
Marcin Chodak; Katarzyna Sroka; Marcin Pietrzykowski
Source:
Geoderma 2021 v.401 pp. 115320
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
Alnus glutinosa; Betula pendula; Miocene epoch; Pinus sylvestris; Robinia pseudoacacia; Technosols; acid phosphatase; alkaline phosphatase; cell respiration; combustion; inorganic pyrophosphatase; lignite; microbial biomass; microbial carbon; pH; phosphorus; symbiosis; texture; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; trees
Abstract:
... Tree species forming a symbiosis with N-fixing bacteria (N-fixing plants) may alleviate P deficiency in afforested technosols by increasing activities of phosphatases. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of rhizobial and actinorhizal N-fixing tree species and non-N-fixing species on the activity of phosphatases in various technosols. Soil samples were taken at two depths (0 – 5 c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115320

20. Activity of selected plant extracts against honey bee pathogen Paenibacillus larvae

Author:
Valery A. Isidorov; Krzysztof Buczek; Agnieszka Segiet; Grzegorz Zambrowski; Izabela Swiecicka
Source:
Apidologie 2018 v.49 no.6 pp. 687-704
ISSN:
0044-8435
Subject:
American foul brood; Betula pendula; Paenibacillus larvae; Populus nigra; antibacterial properties; branches; buds; entomopathogens; ethyl ether; flavonoids; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; glucosides; hexane; honey bees; in vitro studies; methanol; minimum inhibitory concentration; plant extracts; polar compounds; triterpenoids
Abstract:
... The present study focuses on the antibacterial activity of selected plant extracts against Paenibacillus larvae, the causal agent of American foulbrood disease of honey bees. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was used to analyze six diethyl ether extracts of two white birch species, black poplar and common aspen buds, as well as n-hexane, diethyl ether, and methanol extracts of young t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13592-018-0586-y

21. Activity of sucrose synthase in trunk tissues of Karelian birch during cambial growth

Author:
N. A. Galibina; L. L. Novitskaya; M. S. Krasavina; Yu. L. Moshchenskaya
Source:
Russian journal of plant physiology 2015 v.62 no.3 pp. 381-389
ISSN:
1021-4437
Subject:
Betula pendula; cambium; growth retardation; phloem; starch; sucrose; sucrose synthase; trees; weather; wood; xylem
Abstract:
... Activity of sucrose synthase (SS) and the content of starch were studied in the xylem and phloem of two forms of 40-year-old trees of Betula pendula Roth: common silver birch (B. pendula var. pendula) and Karelian birch (B. pendula var. carelica). In order to reveal the initial signs of wood patterning, we used 8-year-old trees of Karelian birch that did not yet exhibit visible deviations from nor ...
DOI:
10.1134/S102144371503005X

22. Adaptability of birch (Betula pendula Roth) and aspen (Populus tremula L.) genotypes to different soil moisture conditions

Author:
Boy J.H.M. Possen; Elina Oksanen; Matti Rousi; Hanna Ruhanen; Viivi Ahonen; Arja Tervahauta; Jaakko Heinonen; Juha Heiskanen; Sirpa Kärenlampi; Elina Vapaavuori
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2011 v.262 no.8 pp. 1387-1399
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Betula pendula; Populus tremula; acclimation; aminocyclopropanecarboxylate oxidase; biomass production; climate; drought; flooded conditions; forest ecosystems; gas exchange; genes; genotype; hypoxia; leaf area; models; oxidative stress; roots; soil quality; soil water; water use efficiency
Abstract:
... For northern Europe’s climate, models predict an increase in periods of drought and waterlogging. Knowledge of variation between genotypes of Betula pendula (birch) and Populus tremula (aspen) to drought and excess soil moisture are unavailable but relevant for future development of forest ecosystems. We studied variation between genotypes to soil moisture in birch and aspen with plant material re ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2011.06.035

23. Adaptation of Forest Management Regimes in Southern Sweden to Increased Risks Associated with Climate Change

Author:
Narayanan Subramanian; Johan Bergh; Ulf Johansson; Urban Nilsson; Ola Sallnäs
Source:
Forests 2015 v.7 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Betula pendula; Betula pubescens; Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Larix; Picea abies; Populus tremula; Populus tremuloides; adaptive management; bark beetles; climate; climate change; forest management; forests; hybrids; indigenous species; introduced species; pathogens; profitability; risk; root rot; storms; trees; Sweden
Abstract:
... Even though the growth rates of most tree species in Sweden is expected to increase in the near future as a result of climate change, increased risks of damage by storms and various pests and pathogens, notably root rot and bark beetles, may also occur. Thus, forest management practices such as changes to thinning regimes, reductions in rotation lengths, and switching to other species (native or e ...
DOI:
10.3390/f7010008

24. Adaptive root foraging strategies along a boreal–temperate forest gradient

Author:
Ivika Ostonen; Marika Truu; Heljä‐Sisko Helmisaari; Martin Lukac; Werner Borken; Elena Vanguelova; Douglas L. Godbold; Krista Lõhmus; Ulrich Zang; Leho Tedersoo; Jens‐Konrad Preem; Katrin Rosenvald; Jürgen Aosaar; Kęstutis Armolaitis; Jane Frey; Naima Kabral; Mai Kukumägi; Jaana Leppälammi‐Kujansuu; Antti‐Jussi Lindroos; Päivi Merilä; Ülle Napa; Pekka Nöjd; Kaarin Parts; Veiko Uri; Mats Varik; Jaak Truu
Source:
new phytologist 2017 v.215 no.3 pp. 977-991
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
root tips; boreal forests; trees; carbon; rhizosphere; nitrogen content; stand basal area; Picea abies; bacterial communities; mycelium; climate; community structure; soil; rhizosphere bacteria; Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; biomass; ectomycorrhizae; root systems; nitrogen; fine roots; latitude; foraging; fungi; Europe
Abstract:
... The tree root–mycorhizosphere plays a key role in resource uptake, but also in the adaptation of forests to changing environments. The adaptive foraging mechanisms of ectomycorrhizal (EcM) and fine roots of Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris and Betula pendula were evaluated along a gradient from temperate to subarctic boreal forest (38 sites between latitudes 48°N and 69°N) in Europe. Variables descri ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.14643

25. Adaptive significance of C partitioning and regulation of specific leaf area in Betula pendula

Author:
Wirtz, K.W.
Source:
Tree physiology 2003 v.23 no.3 pp. 181-190
ISSN:
0829-318X
Subject:
Betula pendula; leaves; shoots; roots; nutrient transport; leaf area; dynamic models; growth models; mathematical models; equations; nitrogen; nutrient uptake; acclimation; plant ecology; translocation (plant physiology); ecophysiology
Abstract:
... Carbon allocation and regulation of specific leaf area (sigma) define key processes underlying the adaptation of plants to varying habitats. In this study, the general principles governing adaptation and a dynamic optimality model of plant adaptation are reviewed. The central new elements of this model are: (i) differential root carbon costs for maintaining a defined nutrient status; (ii) a simple ...
DOI:
10.1093/treephys/23.3.181
PubMed:
12566268

26. Additive and non‐additive effects of birch genotypic diversity on arthropod herbivory in a long‐term field experiment

Author:
Kasey E. Barton; Elena Valkama; Harri Vehviläinen; Kai Ruohomäki; Tiffany M. Knight; Julia Koricheva
Source:
Oikos 2015 v.124 no.6 pp. 697-706
ISSN:
0030-1299
Subject:
Betula pendula; additive effect; arthropod communities; arthropods; clones; community structure; field experimentation; genetic variation; genotype; herbivores; leafrollers; mastication; mixed stands; population dynamics; trees
Abstract:
... Herbivores are important drivers of plant population dynamics and community composition in natural and managed systems. Intraspecific genetic diversity of long‐lived plants like trees might shape patterns of herbivory by different guilds of herbivores that trees experience through time. However, previous studies on plant genetic diversity effects on herbivores have been largely short‐term. We inve ...
DOI:
10.1111/oik.01663

27. Adjustment of leaf photosynthesis to shade in a natural canopy: rate parameters

Author:
Laisk, A.; Eichelmann, H.; Oja, V.; Rasulov, B.; Padu, E.; Bichele, I.; Pettai, H.; Kull, O.
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 2005 v.28 no.3 pp. 375-388
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
Betula pendula; Tilia cordata; forest trees; Solidago virgaurea; herbaceous plants; photosynthesis; chlorophyll; electron transport chain; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; deciduous forests; forest stands; overstory; Estonia
Abstract:
... The present study was performed to investigate the adjustment of the rate parameters of the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis to the natural growth light in leaves of an overstorey species, Betula pendula Roth, a subcanopy species, Tilia cordata P. Mill., and a herb, Solidago virgaurea L., growing in a natural plant community in Jarvselja, Estonia. Shoots were collected from the site and ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01274.x

28. Adjustment of leaf photosynthesis to shade in a natural canopy: reallocation of nitrogen

Author:
Eichelmann, H.; Oja, V.; Rasulov, B.; Padu, E.; Bichele, I.; Pettai, H.; Mand, P.; Kull, O.; Laisk, A.
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 2005 v.28 no.3 pp. 389-401
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; chlorophyll; forest trees; gas exchange; herbaceous plants; Tilia cordata; Solidago virgaurea; Betula pendula; photosystem II; photosystem I; overstory
Abstract:
... The present study was performed to investigate the adjustment of the constituents of the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis to the natural growth irradiance in the leaves of an overstorey species, Betula pendula Roth, a subcanopy species Tilia cordata P. Mill., and a herb Solidago virgaurea L. growing in a natural plant community in Jarvselja, Estonia. Shoots were collected from the site a ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01275.x

29. Adult Feeding Preference and Fecundity in the Large Pine Weevil, Hylobius abietis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Author:
Petr Doležal; Lenka Kleinová; Markéta Davídková
Source:
Insects 2021 v.12 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
Abies alba; Betula pendula; Hylobius abietis; Larix decidua; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Pseudotsuga menziesii; adults; bark; eggs; fecundity; females; laboratory experimentation; mortality; oviposition; seedlings; trees
Abstract:
... Adult feeding preferences of Hylobius abietis on Picea abies, Larix decidua, Pinus sylvestris, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Abies alba and Betula pendula were tested in outdoor conditions. The preferred food source was P. menziesii, and the mean bark area consumed per seedling was 440.8 ± 147.9 mm². The second most preferred host was P. abies. The coniferous species that suffered the least damage was A. ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects12050473

30. Adult large pine weevils Hylobius abietis feed on silver birch Betula pendula even in the presence of conifer seedlings

Author:
Toivonen, Riitta; Viiri, Heli
Source:
Agricultural and forest entomology 2006 v.8 no.2 pp. 121-128
ISSN:
1461-9555
Subject:
food plants; Hylobius abietis; seedlings; feeding preferences; Picea abies; Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; Populus; conifers; imagos
Abstract:
... 1 The feeding preference of the adult pine weevil Hylobius abietis (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for Betula pendula Roth was studied in no-choice and paired-choice feeding experiments. 2 In the first no-choice test, large quantities of silver birch bark in Petri dishes were consumed; on average, the daily consumption of each weevil was 67 mm². 3 In the second no-choice test, the weevils were of ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1461-9563.2006.00290.x

31. Advantages of mixed tree stands in restoration of upper soil layers on postmining sites: A five‐year leaf litter decomposition experiment

Author:
Paweł Horodecki; Mirosław Nowiński; Andrzej M. Jagodziński
Source:
Land degradation & development 2019 v.30 no.1 pp. 3-13
ISSN:
1085-3278
Subject:
Acer pseudoplatanus; Alnus glutinosa; Betula pendula; Fagus sylvatica; Fraxinus excelsior; Pinus sylvestris; Populus canadensis; Populus nigra; Populus tremula; Prunus serotina; Quercus robur; Quercus rubra; Robinia pseudoacacia; Ulmus; calcium; lignite; magnesium; mine spoil; mixed stands; plant litter; planting; pure stands; soil formation; soil horizons; species diversity; trees; Poland
Abstract:
... No in‐depth studies covering litter decomposition were previously conducted on afforested postmining sites despite the importance of litter decomposition on soil formation, especially in degraded areas. We aimed to compare leaf litter decomposition rates of 14 tree species growing in mixed stands on a postmining spoil heap, and to compare their decay rates with those obtained in pure stands of tre ...
DOI:
10.1002/ldr.3194

32. Adventitious root formation in woody plant tissue: the influence of light and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on adventitious root induction in Betula pendula

Author:
Wynne, J.; McDonald, M.S.
Source:
In vitro cellular & developmental biology 2002 v.38 no.2 pp. 210-212
ISSN:
1054-5476
Subject:
Betula pendula; adventitious roots; light; photoperiod; rooting; wood; application rate; indole butyric acid
DOI:
10.1079/IVPIVP2001266

33. Adventitious root formation in woody tissue: peroxidase - a predictive marker of root induction in Betula pendula

Author:
McDonald, M.S.; Wynne, J.
Source:
In vitro cellular & developmental biology 2003 v.39 no.2 pp. 234-235
ISSN:
1054-5476
Subject:
Betula pendula; shoots; tissue culture; in vitro regeneration; adventitious roots; peroxidase; enzyme activity; rooting; indole butyric acid
DOI:
10.1079/IVP2002390

34. Aeropalynological aspects in the detection of the quality of air in Bratislava

Author:
Jozef Dušička; Karol Mičieta; Eva Brutovská; Andrea Sámelová; Jana Ščevková; Mária Zámečníková; Alena Terenová
Source:
Ekológia (Bratislava) 2013 v.32 no.1 pp. 39-53
ISSN:
1337-947X
Subject:
Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; Urticaceae; air; air quality; cities; climatic factors; ecotoxicology; genotoxicity; habitats; humans; indicator species; mutagenicity; pollen; Slovakia
Abstract:
... This work is focused on mapping the aeropalynologic situation in the Bratislavan atmosphere. Volumetric pollen and pollen abortivity analyses were used for this purpose. The research comprised comparison of two pollen stations in this city between 2007 and 2011. Twice the number of pollen grains was measured at the U.V.Z. station compared to the D.B. station. Results showed that (1) the highest po ...
DOI:
10.2478/eko-2013-0004

35. Afforested fields benefit nutrient‐demanding fungi

Author:
Atte Komonen; Lotta M. Sundström; Antti Wall; Panu Halme
Source:
Restoration ecology 2016 v.24 no.1 pp. 53-60
ISSN:
1061-2971
Subject:
Betula pendula; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; afforestation; bulk density; calcium; community structure; ecosystems; field experimentation; forest soils; fungal communities; fungi; habitats; soil pH; soil quality; species diversity; trees; Finland
Abstract:
... Impaired ecosystems are converted back to natural ecosystems or some other target stage by means of restoration and management. Due to their agricultural legacy, afforested fields might be valuable compensatory habitats for rare fungal species that require nutrient‐rich forest soils. Using a large‐scale field experiment in Finland, we studied community composition of macrofungi (agarics and bolete ...
DOI:
10.1111/rec.12282

36. Age estimation of different tree species using a special kind of an electrically recording resistance drill

Author:
Grzegorz Szewczyk; Radosław Wąsik; Krzysztof Leszczyński; Rafał Podlaski
Source:
Urban forestry & urban greening 2018 v.34 pp. 249-253
ISSN:
1618-8667
Subject:
Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; Quercus robur; dendrochronology; dendrology; drilling; growth rings; linear models; nondestructive methods; planning; tree age; trees; wood density
Abstract:
... The determination of tree age is an important issue for urban green planning, forestry and dendrology; finding non-destructive and quasi-non-destructive methods for this purpose is of great theoretical and practical importance. The resistance drilling method is quasi-non-destructive because the average diameter of an opening that remains after drilling does not exceed 3 mm. Do electrically recordi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ufug.2018.07.010

37. Ageing-related anatomical and ultrastructural changes in leaves of birch (Betula pendula Roth.) clones as affected by low ozone exposure

Author:
Paakkonen, E.; Holopainen, T.; Karenlampi, L.
Source:
Annals of botany 1995 v.75 no.3 pp. 285-294
ISSN:
0305-7364
Subject:
cell differentiation; cell growth; phytotoxicity; tree age; ozone; clones; Betula pendula; seasonal variation; genetic variation; ultrastructure; leaves; Finland
Abstract:
... Effects of ozone on the leaf anatomy and ultrastructure of five birch (Betula pendula Roth.) clones were studied during one growing season in open-field conditions. Cumulative ozone exposure was 1.5 times higher than ambient. Ozone exposure decreased total leaf thickness in one, ozone sensitive, clone. The effect on palisade and spongy mesophyll thickness was clone-specific, while the amount of pa ...
DOI:
10.1006/anbo.1995.1023

38. Air pollution tolerance index and heavy metal bioaccumulation in selected plant species from urban biotopes

Author:
Aleksandra Nadgórska–Socha; Marta Kandziora-Ciupa; Michał Trzęsicki; Gabriela Barczyk
Source:
Chemosphere 2017 v.183 pp. 471-482
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Betula pendula; Plantago lanceolata; Robinia pseudoacacia; Taraxacum officinale; air pollution; ascorbic acid; bioaccumulation; biotopes; emissions; heavy metals; industry; leaves; proline; soil; thiols; traffic; urban areas; Poland
Abstract:
... This research was carried out on plants Taraxacum officinale, Plantago lanceolata, Betula pendula and Robinia pseudoacacia growing in urban biotopes with different levels of heavy metal contamination in the city of Dąbrowa Górnicza (southern Poland). Based on the pollution index, the highest heavy metal contamination was determined in the site 4 (connected with industry emitters) and 6 (high traff ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.128

39. Alder and lupine enhance nitrogen cycling in a degraded forest soil in Northern Sweden

Author:
Myrold, D.D.; Huss-Danell, K.
Source:
Plant and soil 2003 v.254 no.1 pp. 47-56
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
Alnus incana; Lupinus; legumes; birds; plant nutrition; nitrogen content; nitrogen fixation; coniferous forests; forest soils; sandy soils; soil degradation; soil nutrients; nitrogen; ammonium compounds; nitrates; soil nutrient dynamics; soil fertility; nutrient availability; mineralization; Betula pendula; nitrification; Pinus sylvestris; soil properties; Sweden
DOI:
10.1023/A:1024951115548

40. Aliphatic bio-oils from corks: A Py–GC/MS study

Author:
António Velez Marques; Helena Pereira
Source:
Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis 2014 v.109 pp. 29-40
ISSN:
0165-2370
Subject:
Betula pendula; Quercus cerris; Quercus suber; alkenes; biofuels; carbohydrates; cork; feedstocks; lignin; pyrolysis; suberin; temperature; wood
Abstract:
... Cork samples from Betula pendula, Quercus suber and Quercus cerris were submitted to Py–GC–MS/FID at temperatures between 550°C and 900°C and the pyrolysis-derived compounds (py-products) were identified and quantified. Corks were compared with wood samples. Py-products include suberin, lignin and carbohydrates derivatives. Suberin py-products are dominated by unsaturated aliphatics. Corks pyrolys ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaap.2014.07.016

41. Alkaline Pre-treatment of Hardwood Chips Prior to Delignification

Author:
Joni Lehto; Raimo Alén
Source:
Journal of wood chemistry and technology 2013 v.33 no.2 pp. 77-91
ISSN:
1532-2319
Subject:
Betula pendula; acetic acid; aqueous solutions; delignification; dissolved organic matter; feedstocks; hardwood; lignin; neutralization; sodium hydroxide; temperature; xylan
Abstract:
... Hardwood (Betula pendula) chips were extracted having alkaline aqueous solutions with varying chemical charges (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8% of NaOH on wood), treatment times (30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes), and temperatures (130°C and 150°C). The total amount of material removed was in the range 2.1–16.5% of the original dry feedstock. This fraction was characterized in terms of carbohydrates and their de ...
DOI:
10.1080/02773813.2012.748077

42. Allelopathic Influence of Betula pendula Leaf Litter on the Initial Stages of Rumex aquaticus L. Ontogenesis

Author:
E. G. Krylova; E. V. Garin
Source:
Inland water biology 2020 v.13 no.3 pp. 463-466
ISSN:
1995-0829
Subject:
Betula pendula; Rumex aquaticus; allelopathy; cotyledons; hypocotyls; inland waters; morphometry; ontogeny; phytotoxicity; plant litter; root systems; seed germination
Abstract:
... The allelopathic effect of extracts from leaf litter of Betula pendula on the initial stages of ontogenesis (seed germination and growth and development of seedlings) of Rumex aquaticus has been studied in laboratory conditions. A significant decrease in laboratory germination by 1.5–36.3 times, depending on the concentration of the extract, is found. The change in the coefficient of inhibition co ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1995082920030104

43. Allelopathic effect of preparations of Betula pendula Roth., Chamomilla recutita L. and Urtica dioica L. on the initial growth of Hordeum vulgare L.

Author:
Andrzej Dziamski; Zofia Stypczyńska
Source:
Acta agrobotanica 2015 v.68 no.1 pp. 3-8
ISSN:
2300-357X
Subject:
Betula pendula; Hordeum vulgare; Matricaria chamomilla; Urtica dioica; allelopathy; forage; laboratory experimentation; leaf extracts; leaf length; leaves; rhizomes; roots; sap; seedlings
Abstract:
... The experiment investigated the effect of preparations of Betula pendula, Chamomilla recutita, and Urtica dioica on the initial growth of Hordeum vulgare under laboratory conditions. The experiment involved a water solution of sap from the trunk of B. pendula, an infusion from Ch. recutita, extracts from leaves and rhizomes as well as macerated herbage of U. dioica, at the concentrations of 2.5%; ...
DOI:
10.5586/aa.2015.007

44. Allocation of carbon to growth and secondary metabolites in birch seedlings under UV-B radiation and CO₂ exposure

Author:
Lavola, Anu; Julkunen-Tiitto, Riitta; de la Rosa, Tania M.; Lehto, Tarja; Aphalo, Pedro J.
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 2000 v.109 no.3 pp. 260-267
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
Betula pendula; carbon; catechol oxidase; enzyme activity; flavonoids; greenhouses; leaves; light intensity; metabolism; peroxidase; phenolic acids; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; plant growth; proanthocyanidins; secondary metabolites; seedlings; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... In plants, the allocation of carbon to secondary metabolites has been shown to be determined by both the availability of resources (e.g., CO₂ concentration) and by specific stress factors (e.g., ultraviolet [UV]-radiation). It has been suggested that, in combination, CO₂ and UV-B radiation may differentially affect plant growth and morphogenic parameters, and elevated CO₂ may ameliorate the effect ...
DOI:
10.1034/j.1399-3054.2000.100306.x

45. Allocation of mass in trees subject to nitrogen and magnesium limitation

Author:
Wikstrom, F.; Ericsson, T.
Source:
Tree physiology 1995 v.15 no.5 pp. 339-344
ISSN:
0829-318X
Subject:
Picea abies; Betula pendula; roots; source-sink relationships; magnesium; potassium; manganese; growth models; nutrient uptake; soil chemistry; mathematical models; equations
Abstract:
... It has previously been shown that lack of magnesium, potassium or manganese depresses allocation of new mass to roots in trees, and that these elements often occur in low amounts in declining forest stands. A model for tree growth and nutrient uptake was used to examine the effect of allocation pattern of new plant mass on growth and development in soils with low nutrient concentrations. Growth pa ...
DOI:
10.1093/treephys/15.5.339

46. Allozyme variation in populations, full-sib families and selfed lines in Betula pendula Roth

Author:
Wang, T.L.
Source:
Theoretical and applied genetics 1996 v.92 no.8 pp. 1052-1058
ISSN:
0040-5752
Subject:
Betula pendula; loci; allozymes; vigor; stems; volume; genetic variation; inbreeding; tree breeding; heterozygosity; selfing
Abstract:
... Changes in genetic variability in populations (stand origins), full-sib (FS) families and three generations of selfed lines of Betula pendula were observed based on 15 allozyme loci. Growth vigour, measured as stem volume, and its relationship with heterozygosity was studied to determine the effect of inbreeding. Pooled FS families showed a higher percentage of polymorphic loci (P) and allelic num ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00224048
PubMed:
24166635

47. Analysing species-specific light transmission and related crown characteristics of Pinus sylvestris and Betula pendula using a shoot-level 3D model

Author:
Anna Lintunen; Pekka Kaitaniemi; Jari Perttunen; Risto Sievänen
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2013 v.43 no.10 pp. 929-938
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; boreal forests; canopy; leaf area index; leaves; mixing; models; trees
Abstract:
... This is a first attempt to analyse species-specific light attenuation in mixed boreal forests created by shoot-level 3D tree models. The models are configurations of real individual Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) trees grown in mixed-forest stands. We study species-specific differences in radiation transmission by using the ray-casting method. Light transm ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjfr-2013-0178

48. Analysis and modelling of tree succession on a recent rockslide deposit

Author:
Liesbet Van der Burght; Markus Stoffel; Christof Bigler
Source:
Plant ecology 2012 v.213 no.1 pp. 35-46
ISSN:
1385-0237
Subject:
Betula pendula; Larix decidua; Picea abies; ecological succession; landforms; models; plant density; regression analysis; silver; soil surveys; tree age; trees; vegetation
Abstract:
... Dendroecological methods were combined with vegetation and soil mapping to study recolonisation of European larch (Larix decidua), silver birch (Betula pendula) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) on a recently formed rockslide cone (deposit of 30 × 106 m3) in the Valais Alps (Switzerland). Tree density and tree height were predicted with regression models that we derived using an information-theoreti ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11258-011-0004-2

49. Analysis of EST-SSRs in silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.)

Author:
Ertugrul Filiz; Ilhan Dogan; Ibrahim Ilker Ozyigit
Source:
Journal of forestry research 2016 v.27 no.3 pp. 639-646
ISSN:
1007-662X
Subject:
transport proteins; microsatellite repeats; genome mining; serine; open reading frames; expressed sequence tags; gene expression; Betula pendula; computer software
Abstract:
... Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) defined as sequence repeat units between 1 and 6 bp occur abundantly in both coding and non-coding regions in eukaryotic genomes and these repeats can affect gene expression. In this study, ESTs (expressed sequence tags) of Betula pendula (silver birch) were analyzed for in silico mining of EST-SSRs, protein annotation, open reading frames (ORFs), designing primers, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11676-015-0182-1

50. Analysis of arsenic and antimony distribution within plants growing at an old mine site in Ouche (Cantal, France) and identification of species suitable for site revegetation

Author:
Ulrike Jana; Vincent Chassany; Georges Bertrand; Maryse Castrec-Rouelle; Emmanuel Aubry; Simon Boudsocq; Daniel Laffray; Anne Repellin
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2012 v.110 no. pp. 188-193
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
Betula pendula; Cytisus scoparius; Deschampsia flexuosa; Juncus effusus; Pinus sylvestris; Plantago major; antimony; arsenic; land restoration; mature plants; organic matter; perennials; planting; roots; taxonomy; France
Abstract:
... One of the objectives of this study was to assess the contamination levels in the tailings of an old antimony mine site located in Ouche (Cantal, France). Throughout the 1.3 ha site, homogenous concentrations of antimony and arsenic, a by-product of the operation, were found along 0–0.5 m-deep profiles. Maximum concentrations for antimony and arsenic were 5780 mg kg⁻¹ dry tailings and 852 mg kg⁻¹ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.06.007
PubMed:
22789654

51. Anoplophora glabripennis infestation (col.: cerambycidae) in Italy

Author:
Herard, F.; Maspero, M.; Ramualde, N.; Jucker, C.; Colombo, M.; Ciampitti, M.; Cavagna, B.
Source:
Bulletin OEPP 2009 v.39 no.2 pp. 146-152
ISSN:
0250-8052
Subject:
Acer pseudoplatanus; Anoplophora glabripennis; Betula pendula; bark; birds; hosts; invasive species; larvae; packaging materials; predation; summer; trees; wood; Austria; Canada; China; France; Germany; Italy; Korean Peninsula; United States
Abstract:
... In June 2007, the Asian longhorned beetle Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) was found at Corbetta, in Lombardy, 23 km west of Milan, Italy. The invasive exotic pest was observed in four host trees, one sycamore maple Acer pseudoplatanus L. and three silver birches Betula pendula Rothmahler. During summer 2007, 20 living and 107 dead A. glabripennis beetles were collected on or around the infe ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2338.2009.02286.x

52. Antioxidative and antifungal response of woody species to environmental conditions in the urban area

Author:
Nevena Šuškalo; Dino Hasanagić; Ljiljana Topalić-Trivunović; Zoran Kukrić; Ivan Samelak; Aleksandar Savić; Biljana Kukavica
Source:
Ecotoxicology 2018 v.27 no.8 pp. 1095-1106
ISSN:
0963-9292
Subject:
Betula pendula; Picea omorika; Pinus nigra; Tilia cordata; antifungal properties; antioxidant activity; autumn; environmental factors; forest habitats; isozymes; leaves; metabolism; peroxidase; spring; urban areas; vegetation; woody plants
Abstract:
... The complexity of ecological conditions in urban areas imposes the plant species need for the development of various biochemical and physiological adaptive strategies. The aim of our research was to examine the antioxidative and antifungal metabolism of species Pinus nigra, Picea omorika, Tilia cordata and Betula pendula from the area of Banja Luka City (urban area) during two vegetation seasons ( ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10646-018-1963-z

53. Anti‐herbivore defences and insect herbivory: Interactive effects of drought and tree neighbours

Author:
Bastien Castagneyrol; Hervé Jactel; Xoaquín Moreira
Source:
journal of ecology 2018 v.106 no.5 pp. 2043-2057
ISSN:
0022-0477
Subject:
Betula pendula; carbon nitrogen ratio; chemical defenses; drought; environmental factors; irrigation; leaves; nutritive value; phytophagous insects; proanthocyanidins; species diversity; starch; sugars; trees; water content; water stress; France
Abstract:
... How much a plant is attacked by insect herbivores likely depends on its apparency and ability to produce defensive traits, which may be modified by neighbouring plants and abiotic conditions. Yet, how much the direct and trait‐mediated effects of neighbours on herbivory is modified by abiotic factors is still unknown. By using a tree diversity experiment in SW France, we measured leaf insect herbi ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2745.12956

54. Apoplastic Invertase Activity Regulation in the Cambial Zone of Karelian Birch

Author:
N. A. Galibina; L. L. Novitskaya; K. M. Nikerova; Yu. L. Moshchenskaya; M. N. Borodina; I. N. Sofronova
Source:
Russian journal of developmental biology 2019 v.50 no.1 pp. 20-29
ISSN:
1062-3604
Subject:
Betula pendula; apoplast; beta-fructofuranosidase; cambium; genes; hexoses; metabolites; starch; sucrose; sucrose synthase; wood; xylem
Abstract:
... We found that the regulation of apoplastic invertase (ApInv) activity in the cambial growth period in Karelian birch (Betula pendula var. carelica) is provided by the expression of encoding genes. In Karelian birches with normal wood, the content of CWIN1, CWIN1.1, and CWIN4 gene transcripts in xylem is lower than in birches with patterned wood. The regulation of ApInv activity in common silver bi ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1062360419010028

55. Applicability of the co-inoculation technique using Agrobacterium tumefaciens shooty-tumour strain 82.139 in silver birch

Author:
Aronen, T.S.; Haggman, J.H.; Haggman, H.M.
Source:
Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture 2002 v.70 no.2 pp. 147-154
ISSN:
0167-6857
Subject:
in vivo studies; genetic transformation; gene transfer; forest trees; in vitro culture; transgenic plants; Agrobacterium radiobacter; transfer DNA; Betula pendula; inoculation methods; in vitro regeneration
Abstract:
... In the co-inoculation technique, genetic transformation is performed using a mixture of Agrobacterium strains - shoot regeneration is induced by the wild-type strain 82.139, while the transferable genes are provided in a binary plasmid by another, non-oncogenic Agrobacterium strain. The aim of the present work was to study the applicability of co-inoculation under both in vitro and greenhouse cond ...

56. Application of a high‐speed breeding technology to apple (Malus × domestica) based on transgenic early flowering plants and marker‐assisted selection

Author:
Henryk Flachowsky; Pierre‐Marie Le Roux; Andreas Peil; Andrea Patocchi; Klaus Richter; Magda‐Viola Hanke
Source:
new phytologist 2011 v.192 no.2 pp. 364-377
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Betula pendula; Malus domestica; Venturia inaequalis; apples; chromosome mapping; fire resistance; flowering; gene overexpression; introgression; linkage groups; nucleotide sequences; planting date; powdery mildew; quantitative trait loci; seedlings; wildfires
Abstract:
... • Breeding of apple (Malus × domestica) remains a slow process because of protracted generation cycles. Shortening the juvenile phase to achieve the introgression of traits from wild species into prebreeding material within a reasonable time frame is a great challenge. • In this study, we evaluated early flowering transgenic apple lines overexpressing the BpMADS4 gene of silver birch with regard t ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03813.x

57. Application of fluctuating asymmetry indexes of silver birch leaves for diagnostics of plant communities under technogenic pollution

Author:
V. P. Ivanov; Yu. V. Ivanov; S. I. Marchenko; Vl. V. Kuznetsov
Source:
Russian journal of plant physiology 2015 v.62 no.3 pp. 340-348
ISSN:
1021-4437
Subject:
Betula pendula; absorbed dose; biomarkers; chlorophyll; chronic exposure; copper; diagnostic techniques; forest ecosystems; heavy metals; ionizing radiation; lead; leaves; manganese; morphometry; nickel; plant communities; pollution; soil
Abstract:
... The prospects for applying the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) leaves for diagnosis of plant community conditions in technogenically polluted environments are considered with an example of the effect of heavy metals and chronic ionizing radiation. An increase in the minimum sample size to 150–180 leaves and measurements of morphometric traits with an improved accur ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1021443715030085

58. Application of two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy to wood lignin structure determination and identification of some minor structural units of hard- and softwood lignins

Author:
Kilpelainen, I.; Sipila, J.; Brunow, G.; Lundquist, K.; Ede, R.M.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1994 v.42 no.12 pp. 2790-2794
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; wood; Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; lignin
Abstract:
... Two-dimensional NMR techniques, homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn (HOHAHA), and 1H-detected multiple quantum 1H-13C correlation spectroscopy were applied to hard- and softwood milled wood lignin (MWL) samples. The structural units of MWLs were found to be very similar to those of released suspension culture lignin, but the MWL samples contained diarylpropane-1,3-diol units, which have now been identified ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00048a026

59. Applications of the crown diameter-stem diameter relationship for different species of broadleaved trees

Author:
Hemery, G.E.; Savill, P.S.; Pryor, S.N.
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2005 v.215 no.1-3 pp. 285-294
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
tree growth; forest trees; stems; tree crown; Juglans regia; spatial distribution; equations; shade tolerance; tree and stand measurements; regression analysis; stand density; Betula pendula; Fraxinus excelsior; stand management; forest thinning; stand basal area; forests
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2005.05.016

60. Arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal root colonisation and plant nutrition in soils exposed to freezing temperatures

Author:
Jouni Kilpeläinen; Mauritz Vestberg; Tapani Repo; Tarja Lehto
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2016 v.99 pp. 85-93
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
Alnus incana; Betula pendula; Trifolium repens; climatic factors; cold; ectomycorrhizae; forests; freezing; hyphae; meadows; mycorrhizal fungi; nitrogen; organic matter; pH; phosphorus; plant nutrition; roots; soil; spores; temperature; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae
Abstract:
... Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) are adapted to soils with higher pH, less organic matter and more available nitrogen than ectomycorrhizas (EM). We hypothesise that also climatic factors have a direct role in the relative success of the two types. We tested their colonisation rates after soil freezing. Soil was taken from forest and meadow sites to comprise propagules of both types of mycorrhizal fungi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.04.025

61. Arsenate phytoextraction abilities of one-year-old tree species and its effects on the nutritional element content in plant organs

Author:
Sylwia Budzyńska; Magdalena Krzesłowska; Przemysław Niedzielski; Piotr Goliński; Mirosław Mleczek
Source:
International journal of phytoremediation 2019 v.21 no.10 pp. 1019-1031
ISSN:
1549-7879
Subject:
Acer pseudoplatanus; Betula pendula; Quercus robur; Ulmus; arsenates; arsenic; calcium; hydroponics; magnesium; nutrient content; phytoaccumulation; plant organs; polluted soils; potassium; roots; shoots; silicon; sodium; trees
Abstract:
... The aim of the study was to evaluate the As phytoextraction potential of four tree species: Acer pseudoplatanus L., Betula pendula Roth., Quercus robur L., and Ulmus laevis Pall. in light of their prospective use in the phytoremediation of arsenate [As(V)] contaminated soils. The content of nutritional elements: B, Ca, K, Mg, Na, Si, P, and S was also analyzed. The trees were grown for 1 month in ...
DOI:
10.1080/15226514.2019.1594684

62. Arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and lead (Pb) availability from Au-mine Technosols: a case study of transfer to natural vegetation cover in temperate climates

Author:
Nastasia Wanat; Emmanuel Joussein; Marilyne Soubrand; Jean-François Lenain
Source:
Environmental geochemistry and health 2014 v.36 no.4 pp. 783-795
ISSN:
0269-4042
Subject:
Betula pendula; Equisetum telmateia; Pteridium aquilinum; Technosols; acetic acid; antimony; arsenic; calcium chloride; case studies; indigenous species; lead; risk; soil pollution; vegetation cover
Abstract:
... Soils from old Au-mine tailings (La Petite Faye, France) were investigated in relation to the natural vegetation cover to evaluate the risk of metals and metalloids (Pb, As, Sb) mobilizing and their potential transfer to native plants (Graminea, Betula pendula, Pteridium aquilinum, Equisetum telmateia). The soils are classified as Technosols with high contamination levels of As, Pb, and Sb. The si ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10653-014-9596-5
PubMed:
24474610

63. Arsenic uptake, speciation and physiological response of tree species (Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula and Quercus robur) treated with dimethylarsinic acid

Author:
Monika Gąsecka; Kinga Drzewiecka; Zuzanna Magdziak; Aneta Piechalak; Anna Budka; Bogusława Waliszewska; Kinga Szentner; Piotr Goliński; Przemysław Niedzielski; Sylwia Budzyńska; Mirosław Mleczek
Source:
Chemosphere 2021 v.263 pp. 127859
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Acer pseudoplatanus; Betula pendula; Quercus robur; antioxidants; arsenic; biosynthesis; cacodylic acid; cellulose; exudation; growth retardation; hemicellulose; leaf extracts; leaves; lignin content; metabolites; physiological response; rhizosphere; roots; salicylic acid; toxicity; trees
Abstract:
... The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) on growth parameters and levels of stress-related metabolites in Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula and Quercus robur. The increase of DMA concentration in the solution led to a notable growth retardation of trees. An intense As accumulation (mainly As(III) and As(V)) expressed as BCF and TF > 1 was recorded only for Q. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127859

64. Ascription of the differences between Germany and Uganda’s Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry sector greenhouse gas methodologies for inventory improvement

Author:
Michael Mugarura; Wolfgang Stümer; Karsten Dunger; Andreas Bolte; Matt Ramlow; Emmanuel Ackom; Steffi Röhling
Source:
Mitigation and adaptation strategies for global change 2021 v.26 no.6 pp. 24
ISSN:
1381-2386
Subject:
Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; belowground biomass; carbon; climate; data collection; developed countries; forestry; global change; greenhouse gases; inventories; issues and policy; land use change; quality control; time series analysis; trees; uncertainty analysis; Germany; Uganda
Abstract:
... Germany, as an Annex I Party is expected to prepare and submit annual Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventories of emissions and removals, including Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) sector. Uganda, a non-Annex 1 party, is institutionalizing a sustainable national GHG inventory system. The LULUCF sector is a key emission source and plays a vital role in these two countries’ GHG inventories. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11027-021-09957-2

65. Assessing above-ground biomass of open-grown urban trees: A comparison between existing models and a volume-based approach

Author:
Topi Tanhuanpää; Ville Kankare; Heikki Setälä; Vesa Yli-Pelkonen; Mikko Vastaranta; Mikko T. Niemi; Juha Raisio; Markus Holopainen
Source:
Urban forestry & urban greening 2017 v.21 pp. 239-246
ISSN:
1618-8667
Subject:
Betula pendula; aboveground biomass; allometry; biomass production; carbon sequestration; ecosystem services; forests; models; prediction; trees
Abstract:
... Assessment of the amount of carbon sequestered and the value of ecosystem services provided by urban trees requires reliable data. Predicting the proportions and allometric relationships of individual urban trees with models developed for trees in rural forests may result in significant errors in biomass calculations. To better understand the differences in biomass accumulation and allocation betw ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ufug.2016.12.011

66. Assessment of Plant Status by the Stability of Development in Natural and Anthropogenic Conditions (Fluctuating Asymmetry of Leaf Features of the Silver Birch, Betula pendula Roth)

Author:
V. M. Zakharov; E. G. Shadrina; N. V. Turmukhametova; E. N. Ivantsova; E. A. Shikalova; V. Yu. Soldatova; N. A. Sharova; I. E. Trofimov
Source:
Biology bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences 2020 v.47 no.2 pp. 186-190
ISSN:
1062-3590
Subject:
Betula pendula; anthropogenic activities; asymmetry; leaves; urbanization
Abstract:
... The stability of development (in terms of the fluctuating asymmetry of leaf measurements) was studied in populations of the silver birch Betula pendula from different parts of the range under varying degrees of anthropogenic impact (under the influence of industrial facilities in the territory of Khakassia and the Belgorod region and in the urbanized environment in Yoshkar-Ola, Yakutsk, and Moscow ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1062359020020119

67. Assessment of biomass functions for calculating bark proportions and ash contents of refined biomass fuels derived from major boreal tree species

Author:
Torbjörn A. Lestander; Anders Lundström; Michael Finell
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2011 v.42 no.1 pp. 59-66
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
Betula pendula; Betula pubescens; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; aboveground biomass; agricultural colleges; bark; biofuels; feedstocks; forest surveys; pellets; stems; stemwood; trees; Sweden
Abstract:
... Knowledge of the components of above-ground biomass of low-quality stems harvested to produce biofuel pellets is important, since bark has higher ash contents (a key quality parameter for the pellets) than wood. Therefore, single-tree biomass functions by Marklund (1988. Rep. 45. Department of Forest Survey, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea, Sweden.) were evaluated using a sample ...
DOI:
10.1139/x11-144

68. Assessment of changes in soil organic matter after invasion by exotic plant species

Author:
Lydie-Stella Koutika; Sonia Vanderhoeven; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Nicolas Dassonville; Pierre Meerts
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 2007 v.44 no.2 pp. 331-341
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
Reynoutria japonica; mineralization; nitrogen content; nitrogen; Epilobium hirsutum; soil organic matter; carbon; Betula pendula; indigenous species; Prunus serotina; invasive species; soil texture; Heracleum mantegazzianum; Fagus sylvatica; introduced plants; Solidago gigantea
Abstract:
... Invasive exotic plants can modify soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics and other soil properties. We evaluated changes in particulate organic matter (POM) and carbon (C) mineralisation in adjacent plots invaded by Solidago gigantea, Prunus serotina, Heracleum mantegazzianum and Fallopia japonica, and non-invaded control plots on different soils in Belgium. Litter decomposition of S. gigantea and P. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00374-007-0210-1

69. Assessment of interactions between defoliation and Phytophthora plurivora stem infections of birch seedlings

Author:
Tomasz Oszako; Dzmitry Voitka; Miłosz Tkaczyk; Nenad Keča; Lassaâd Belbahri; Justyna A. Nowakowska
Source:
Forestry chronicle 2018 v.94 no.2 pp. 140-146
ISSN:
0015-7546
Subject:
Betula pendula; Phytophthora; afforestation; bark; cutting; defoliation; forest trees; forest types; greenhouses; growing season; leaves; mortality; mycelium; phytophagous insects; rural areas; seedlings; soil; stems; Poland
Abstract:
... Silver birch, (Betula pendula), is an important forest tree species in Poland used for afforestation in rural areas and planted in wet forest types to ameliorate excess water. Physiological stress may increase susceptibility of trees to disease and it is hypothesized that insect defoliation can predispose birch to Phytophthora plurivora infection. In order to evaluate the effect of defoliation str ...
DOI:
10.5558/tfc2018-021

70. Assessment of load and quality of logging residues from clear-felling areas in Järvselja: a case study from Southeast Estonia

Author:
Vahur Kurvits; Katri Ots; Ahto Kangur; Henn Korjus; Peeter Muiste
Source:
Central European Forestry Journal 2020 v.66 no.1 pp. 3-11
ISSN:
2454-0358
Subject:
Alnus glutinosa; Betula pendula; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; ash content; biofuels; case studies; clearcutting; combustion; conifers; forests; harvesters; heat; logging; slash; trees; water content; Estonia
Abstract:
... The properties of biomass-based fuel and combustion tests showed that logging residues are promising renewable energy sources. The data used in this study were collected from four clear-felling areas in Järvselja Training and Experimental Forest Centre, Southeast Estonia in 2013–2014. Logging was carried out by harvesters in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) ...
DOI:
10.2478/forj-2019-0022

71. Assessment of metal availability to vegetation (Betula pendula) in Pb-Zn ore concentrate residues with different features

Author:
Margui, E.; Queralt, I.; Carvalho, M.L.; Hidalgo, M.
Source:
Environmental pollution 2007 v.145 no.1 pp. 179-184
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
soil organic carbon; lead; heavy metals; particle size distribution; polluted soils; mine spoil; soil pollution; bioavailability; cadmium; extraction; soil pH; leaves; bioaccumulation; copper; soil mineralogy; arsenic; Betula pendula; zinc; mined soils; soil-plant interactions; Spain
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.028
PubMed:
16777289

72. Assessment of physiological state of Betula pendula and Carpinus betulus through leaf reflectance measurements

Author:
Cristina Dobrota; Laura Lazar; Călin Baciu
Source:
Flora 2015 v.216 pp. 26-34
ISSN:
0367-2530
Subject:
Betula pendula; Carpinus betulus; chlorophyll; habitats; heavy metals; leaves; mined soils; mining; normal values; photosynthesis; physiological state; reflectance; transmittance; vegetation; vegetation index; Montana; Romania
Abstract:
... In this study, the evidence of a relationship between the physiological state and leaf optical properties led us to investigate the behaviour of two species – Betula pendula Roth and Carpinus betulus L. – in order to determine if the vegetation is affected by the heavy metal load of the soil from a former mining area, Rosia Montana, Romania (46°18′47″N, 23°10′15″E). Two non-destructive techniques ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.flora.2015.08.003

73. Assessment of suitability of tree species for the production of biomass on trace element contaminated soils

Author:
Michael W.H. Evangelou; Annabelle Deram; Alexander Gogos; Björn Studer; Rainer Schulin
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2012 v.209-210 no. pp. 233-239
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Betula pendula; Populus; Salix; adults; agricultural land; bark; bioenergy; biomass production; cadmium; calcium; copper; fuel production; lead; leaves; melting point; polluted soils; potassium; risk; soil sampling; tree age; trees; wood; zinc; France; Germany
Abstract:
... To alleviate the demand on fertile agricultural land for production of bioenergy, we investigated the possibility of producing biomass for bioenergy on trace element (TE) contaminated land. Soil samples and plant tissues (leaves, wood and bark) of adult willow (Salix sp.), poplar (Populus sp.), and birch (Betula pendula) trees were collected from five contaminated sites in France and Germany and a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.01.008

74. Assessment of the Stability of Phenological Indices of the Silver Birch Betula pendula under Climate Change

Author:
A. A. Minin; I. E. Trofimov; V. M. Zakharov
Source:
Biology bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences 2020 v.47 no.2 pp. 149-152
ISSN:
1062-3590
Subject:
Betula pendula; Russia; climate change; dormancy; phenology; temperature; vegetation
Abstract:
... The main phenological dates, including the unfolding of the first leaves, mass yellowing of the leaves, and the duration of the vegetation period, were evaluated for the silver birch Betula pendula in 2005–2018 in the central part of the European territory of Russia to identify possible phenological trends under global climate change. Evidence on a negative trend in the time of the unfolding of th ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1062359020020041

75. Assessment of the ability of roadside vegetation to remove particulate matter from the urban air

Author:
B. Kończak; M. Cempa; Ł. Pierzchała; M. Deska
Source:
Environmental pollution 2021 v.268 pp. 115465
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
Acer; Betula pendula; Forsythia; Parthenocissus quinquefolia; Platanus orientalis; Quercus rubra; Tilia cordata; aerodynamics; air; air pollution; air quality; circulatory system; dust; elemental composition; human health; infrastructure; larynx; leaves; lungs; particulates; phytoremediation; roadside plants; shrubs; soil; traffic; trees; urbanization; vines
Abstract:
... The development of urbanised areas together with the growing transport infrastructure and traffic volume are the main cause of air quality deterioration due to the increasing concentrations of particulate matter. Dust pollution is a threat to human health. It can cause the development of lung, larynx or circulatory system cancer. Due to the ability to accumulate dust particles on the leaf surface, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115465

76. Assessment of the frost hardiness of shoots of silver birch (Betula pendula) seedlings with and without controlled exposure to freezing

Author:
Luoranen, J.; Repo, T.; Lappi, J.
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research 2004 v.34 no.5 pp. 1108-1118
ISSN:
0045-5067
Subject:
freezing; estimation; viability; forest trees; stems; forest nurseries; electrolytes; seedlings; equations; Betula pendula; frost resistance; water content; statistical analysis; temperature; measurement; spectroscopy; container-grown plants
Abstract:
... Frost hardiness (FH) of the shoots of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) container seedlings was assessed by electrolyte leakage (EL), visual scoring of damage to the stem (SB), and whole-plant viability tests after controlled exposure to freezing during frost hardening. FH was calculated as the temperature causing a 50% or 10% increase in electrolyte leakage (ELT50, ELT10), stem browning (SBT50, ...
DOI:
10.1139/x03-285

77. Assessment of the urban trees health status on the base of nutrient and pigment content in their leaves

Author:
SLAVEYA PETROVA; LILYANA YURUKOVA; ILIANA VELCHEVA
Source:
Journal of BioScience and Biotechnology 2014 v.3 no.1 pp. 69-77
ISSN:
1314-6246
Subject:
Acer platanoides; Aesculus hippocastanum; Betula pendula; anthropogenic activities; arboriculture; biotechnology; carotenoids; chlorophyll; ecophysiology; health status; industry; stress tolerance; tree health; urban areas; vegetation; vigor; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... Town settlements have different load level by emissions originated mostly from transport, industry and heating system. Their environmental and climate conditions are more or less changed that effect to growth, physiology and vigor of woody plants at the city public vegetation areas. Our study on determining the impact of urban environment on the tree health status was focused on the quantities of ...

78. Associational resistance to a pest insect fades with time

Author:
Bastien Castagneyrol; Mikhail V. Kozlov; Charlotte Poeydebat; Maude Toïgo; Hervé Jactel
Source:
Journal of pest science 2020 v.93 no.1 pp. 427-437
ISSN:
1612-4758
Subject:
Betula pendula; Pinus pinaster; Thaumetopoea pityocampa; ecosystems; herbivores; insect pests; insect resistance; mixed forests; planting; species diversity; surveys; temporal variation; trees
Abstract:
... Tree diversity is one of the drivers of forest resistance to herbivores. Most of the current understanding of the diversity resistance relationship comes primarily from short-term studies. Knowing whether tree diversity effects on herbivores are maintained over time is important for perennial ecosystems like forests. We addressed the temporal dynamics of the diversity resistance relationship by co ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10340-019-01148-y

79. Associational resistance to both insect and pathogen damage in mixed forests is modulated by tree neighbour identity and drought

Author:
Elsa Field; Bastien Castagneyrol; Melanie Gibbs; Hervé Jactel; Nadia Barsoum; Karsten Schönrogge; Andrew Hector
Source:
journal of ecology 2020 v.108 no.4 pp. 1511-1522
ISSN:
0022-0477
Subject:
Betula pendula; Quercus robur; antagonism; drought; herbivores; irrigation; leafminers; leaves; microclimate; pathogens; powdery mildew; protective effect; species richness; tree health; trees; France
Abstract:
... Tree health declines can be caused by interactions between pests and pathogens and many studies have shown a reduction in their damage in mixed species forests compared to monocultures. Yet few authors have considered tree diversity effects on both groups simultaneously. Moreover, it is unclear whether diversity effects on tree pests and pathogens are robust to changes in abiotic conditions, such ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2745.13397

80. Asymbiotic nitrogen fixation on woody roots of Norway spruce and silver birch

Author:
Raisa Mäkipää; Susanna Huhtiniemi; Janne Kaseva; Aino Smolander
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research 2018 v.48 no.2 pp. 172-179
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
Betula pendula; Picea abies; boreal forests; enzyme activity; ethylene; mixed stands; nitrogen; nitrogen fixation; nitrogenase; roots; temperate forests; trees; water content; Finland
Abstract:
... High rates of asymbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation have been measured in woody roots in temperate forests, but this rate has not been quantified in boreal forests. We studied the asymbiotic N₂ fixation associated with living and decomposing woody roots of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) in three sites in Finland. In addition, tree species effect was studied in one site that included Norway ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjfr-2017-0270

81. Atmospheric brightening counteracts warming‐induced delays in autumn phenology of temperate trees in Europe

Author:
Zhaofei Wu; Shouzhi Chen; Hans J. De Boeck; Nils Christian Stenseth; Jing Tang; Yann Vitasse; Shuxin Wang; Constantin Zohner; Yongshuo H. Fu
Source:
Global ecology and biogeography 2021 v.30 no.12 pp. 2477-2487
ISSN:
1466-822X
Subject:
Aesculus hippocastanum; Betula pendula; Fagus sylvatica; Quercus robur; autumn; biogeography; carbon; climate; energy; leaves; phenology; photooxidation; solar radiation; temperature; trees; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:
... AIM: Ongoing climate warming has been widely reported to delay autumn phenology, which in turn impacts carbon, water, energy and nutrient balances at regional and global scales. However, the underlying mechanisms of autumn phenology responses to climate change have not been fully elucidated. The aims of this study were to determine whether brightening that was defined as the increase of surface so ...
DOI:
10.1111/geb.13404

82. Ausbreitung und beginnende Einbürgerung von Spiraea japonica in Österreich

Author:
Franz Essl
Source:
Botanica Helvetica 2005 v.115 no.1 pp. 1-14
ISSN:
0253-1453
Subject:
Betula pendula; Lonicera japonica; Spiraea japonica; surveys; Austria; Central European region; North America
Abstract:
... Essl F. 2005. Spread and incipient naturalization of Spiraea japonica in Austria. Bot. Helv. 115: 1–14.The subspontaneous spread and incipient naturalization of the alien Japanese honeysuckle (Spiraea japonica) in Austria were studied by reviewing floristic literature and by surveying a 3-km² area in the alpine foothills of eastern Upper Austria between 1990 and 2004. The literature review shows t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00035-005-0708-9

83. Automatic tree species recognition with quantitative structure models

Author:
Markku Åkerblom; Pasi Raumonen; Raisa Mäkipää; Mikko Kaasalainen
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2017 v.191 pp. 1-12
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
Betula pendula; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; branching; forests; geometry; models; remote sensing; support vector machines; trees; Finland
Abstract:
... We present three robust methods to accurately and automatically recognize tree species from terrestrial laser scanner data. The recognition is based on the use of quantitative structure tree models, which are hierarchical geometric primitive models accurately approximating the branching structure, geometry, and volume of the trees. Fifteen robust tree features are presented and tested with all dif ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2016.12.002

84. Autumn cold acclimation of shoots does not explain the northern distribution limit of three southern exotic tree species in Finland

Author:
Tapani Repo; Dongxia Wu; Heikki Hänninen
Source:
Environmental and experimental botany 2021 v.188 pp. 104526
ISSN:
0098-8472
Subject:
Acer platanoides; Betula pendula; Quercus robur; Ulmus glabra; acclimation; autumn; cold; ecotypes; electric impedance; frost; geographical distribution; introduced species; leaves; phenology; spring; temperature; trees; water content; winter; Finland
Abstract:
... Frost hardiness (FH) is one of the key traits that limits the distribution of tree species in the north. Different species and ecotypes respond differently to the drivers of frost hardening and may therefore have different survival capacities, especially in their northern distribution range. Several southern tree species such as pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), Norway maple (Acer platanoides L. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2021.104526

85. Autumn nutrient resorption and losses in four deciduous forest tree species

Author:
Hagen-Thorn, A.; Varnagiryte, I.; Nihlgard, B.; Armolaitis, K.
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2006 v.228 no.1-3 pp. 33-39
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
deciduous forests; forest trees; throughfall; autumn; resorption; forest litter; Tilia cordata; Quercus robur; Fraxinus excelsior; Betula pendula; tree nutrition; nutrients; leaves
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2006.02.021

86. BVOC responses to realistic nitrogen fertilization and ozone exposure in silver birch

Author:
G. Carriero; C. Brunetti; S. Fares; F. Hayes; Y. Hoshika; G. Mills; M. Tattini; E. Paoletti
Source:
Environmental pollution 2016 v.213 pp. 988-995
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
Betula pendula; alpha-pinene; ammonium nitrate; beta-pinene; emissions; fertilizer application; forest trees; leaf area; leaves; limonene; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; ocimene; ozone; soil; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Emission of BVOC (Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds) from plant leaves in response to ozone exposure (O3) and nitrogen (N) fertilization is poorly understood. For the first time, BVOC emissions were explored in a forest tree species (silver birch, Betula pendula) exposed for two years to realistic levels of O3 (35, 48 and 69 ppb as daylight average) and N (10, 30 and 70 kg ha−1 yr−1, applied wee ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2015.12.047

87. Bacterial wetwood of silver birch (Betula pendula roth): symptomology, etiology and pathogenesis

Author:
Anatoliy F. Goychuk; Valentin F. Drozda; Marina V. Shvets; Ivanna Kulbanska
Source:
Folia forestalia Polonica 2020 v.62 no.3 pp. 145-159
ISSN:
2199-5907
Subject:
Acremonium strictum; Bacillus (bacteria); Betula pendula; Brachypodium sylvaticum; Calluna vulgaris; Enterobacter nimipressuralis; Mucor mucedo; Pantoea; Penicillium aurantiogriseum; Pteridium aquilinum; Rhizopus microsporus; Sphagnum palustre; Talaromyces purpurogenus; Tremex; Vaccinium myrtillus; Xanthomonas; bacterial wetwood; bark; cambium; disease susceptibility; edema; mycobiota; pathogenesis; periderm; risk; statistical models; tree diseases; trophic relationships; water stress
Abstract:
... The article is focused on microbiological and silvicultural properties of bacterial wetwood of silver birch (Betula pendula), also known as European white birch. During the active phase of the disease, bacterial wetwood (i.e. bacterial dropsy, vascular parenchymatous bacteriosis or flux slime) is characterised by crust and periderm bloating, necrotic wet stains and abundance of exudate. The diseas ...
DOI:
10.2478/ffp-2020-0015

88. Bark extract influence on spore germination in corticolous lichen Xanthoria parietina in vitro

Author:
Hanne Marie Ellegård Larsen; Hanne Nina Rasmussen
Source:
Mycological progress 2021 v.20 no.3 pp. 313-323
ISSN:
1617-416X
Subject:
Acer pseudoplatanus; Alnus glutinosa; Betula pendula; Fagus sylvatica; Fraxinus excelsior; Quercus robur; Tilia cordata; Xanthoria; agar; bark; bark extracts; chemical composition; fungal spores; glucose; lichens; mycelium; pH; spore germination; stemflow; water solubility
Abstract:
... During establishment and subsequent growth, corticolous lichen fungi are subjected to the chemical composition and pH of the stemflow, which depend on the water-soluble compounds released from the bark. The present study explored the use of spore-shot isolation to test the effect of bark extracts on germination and initial mycelium growth. The pH, phenolic content and glucose equivalents of the ba ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11557-021-01673-0

89. Bayesian calibration of a carbon balance model PREBAS using data from permanent growth experiments and national forest inventory

Author:
Francesco Minunno; Mikko Peltoniemi; Sanna Härkönen; Tuomo Kalliokoski; Harri Makinen; Annikki Mäkelä
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2019 v.440 pp. 208-257
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Betula pendula; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; carbon; climatic factors; data collection; empirical models; forest inventory; forest statistics; forests; national forests; prediction; species diversity; uncertainty; yield tables; Finland
Abstract:
... Policy-relevant forest models must be environment and management sensitive and provide unbiased estimates of predicted variables over their intended areas of application. While empirical models derive their structure and parameters from representative data sets, process-based model (PBM) parameters should be evaluated in ranges that have a biological meaning independently of output data. At the sa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2019.02.041

90. Behavioral interactions between three birch aphid species and Adalia bipunctata larvae

Author:
Hajek, Ann E.; Dahlsten, Donald L.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1987 v.45 no.1 pp. 81-87
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Adalia bipunctata; Betula pendula; Euceraphis betulae; defensive behavior; escape behavior; instars; larvae; nymphs; predation; predators; vision; California
Abstract:
... First and fourth instars of three birch aphid species were exposed to first and fourth instars of Adalia bipunctata (L.), the most common aphid predator on silver birch, Betula pendula Roth, in northern California. Defensive behavior differed by aphid species. Euceraphis betulae (Koch) (Eb), the most successful escapee, was highly mobile and frequently walked away from coccinellid larvae. Betulaph ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1987.tb02258.x

91. Behavioural responses of the leaf-chewing guild to the presence of Eriocrania mines on silver birch (Betula pendula)

Author:
Fisher, A.E.I.; Hartley, S.E.; Young, M.
Source:
Ecological entomology 1999 v.24 no.2 pp. 156-162
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
community structure; Coleophora serratella; herbivores; Betula pendula; Operophtera brumata; feeding behavior; interspecific competition; leafminers; leaves; Scotland
Abstract:
... 1. Interactions between early season leaf-miners from the genus Eriocrania Zeller (Eriocraniidae: Lepidoptera), and the leaf-chewing guild of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) were investigated. 2. Field observations indicated that a negative association between damage caused by Eriocrania, and leaf-chewers could be observed under certain conditions, namely at higher damage densities in the final ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2311.1999.00189.x

92. Below-ground responses of silver birch trees exposed to elevated CO2 and O3 levels during three growing seasons

Author:
Kasurinen, A.; Keinanen, M.M.; Kaipainen, S.; Nilsson, L.O.; Vapaavuori, E.; Kontro, M.H.; Holopainen, T.
Source:
Global change biology 2005 v.11 no.7 pp. 1167-1179
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
growth chambers; ectomycorrhizae; carbon dioxide; soil ecology; dry matter accumulation; microbial colonization; ozone; elevated atmospheric gases; Betula pendula; soil microorganisms; root growth; fruiting bodies; community ecology; air pollution; roots
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00970.x

93. Belowground interspecific competition in mixed boreal forests: fine root and ectomycorrhiza characteristics along stand developmental stage and soil fertility gradients

Author:
Kalliokoski, Tuomo; Pennanen, Taina; Nygren, Pekka; Sievänen, Risto; Helmisaari, Heljä-Sisko
Source:
Plant and soil 2010 v.330 no.1-2 pp. 73-89
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
Betula pendula; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; biomass; boreal forests; conifers; developmental stages; ectomycorrhizae; fungal communities; hyphae; interspecific competition; karsts; roots; soil fertility; stand characteristics; trees
Abstract:
... We studied fine roots and ectomycorrhizas in relation to aboveground tree and stand characteristics in five mixed Betula pendula Roth, Picea abies (L.) H. Karst., and Pinus sylvestris L. stands in Southern Finland. The stands formed gradients of developmental stage (15-, 30-, and 50-year-old stands) in the stands of medium fertility, and of site fertility in the young stands (30-year-old fertile, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-009-0177-9

94. Betula pendula Roth leaves: gastroprotective effects of an HPLC-fingerprinted methanolic extract

Author:
Maria Paola Germanò; Francesco Cacciola; Paola Donato; Paola Dugo; Giovanna Certo; Valeria D'Angelo; Luigi Mondello; Antonio Rapisarda
Source:
Natural product research 2013 v.27 no.17 pp. 1569-1575
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
Betula pendula; autoxidation; ethanol; glycosides; high performance liquid chromatography; kaempferol; leaves; lipid peroxidation; malondialdehyde; mass spectrometry; quercetin; rats; stomach
Abstract:
... In this study, a methanolic extract of Betula pendula leaves (BLE) was investigated for its gastroprotective effects against 90% ethanol-induced ulcer in rats. Oral pretreatment of rats with BLE (100, 200 and 400 mg kg⁻ ¹) significantly reduced the incidence of gastric lesions induced by ethanol administration as compared with misoprostol (0.50 mg kg⁻ ¹). Furthermore, BLE inhibited the increase in ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2012.740036

95. Betula pendula leaves: Polyphenolic characterization and potential innovative use in skin whitening products

Author:
M.P. Germanò; F. Cacciola; P. Donato; P. Dugo; G. Certo; V. D'Angelo; L. Mondello; A. Rapisarda
Source:
Fitoterapia 2012 v.83 no.5 pp. 877-882
ISSN:
0367-326X
Subject:
Betula pendula; L-dopa; antioxidant activity; high performance liquid chromatography; industry; leaves; mass spectrometry; mushrooms; oxidation
Abstract:
... The research of new tyrosinase inhibitors is currently important for the development of skin whitening agents; particularly, birch leaves extracts are included in many skin cosmetic products. In this study, the potential ability of Betula pendula leaves ethanolic extract (BE) was evaluated on mushroom tyrosinase activity. Results showed that BE was capable to inhibit dose-dependently l-DOPA oxidat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fitote.2012.03.021
PubMed:
22480759

96. Betula pendula: A Promising Candidate for Phytoremediation of TCE in Northern Climates

Author:
Jeffrey Lewis; Ulf Qvarfort; Jan Sjöström
Source:
International journal of phytoremediation 2015 v.17 no.1 pp. 9-15
ISSN:
1549-7879
Subject:
Betula pendula; Eucalyptus sideroxylon; Populus; air; burning; groundwater; heavy metals; hyperaccumulators; industrial wastes; phytoremediation; sap; sapwood; soil; trees; trichloroethylene; vadose zone; Sweden
Abstract:
... Betula pendula (Silver birch) trees growing on two contaminated sites were evaluated to assess their capacity to phytoscreen and phytoremediate chlorinated aliphatic compounds and heavy metals. Both locations are industrially-contaminated properties in central Sweden. The first was the site of a trichloroethylene (TCE) spill in the 1980s while the second was polluted with heavy metals by burning i ...
DOI:
10.1080/15226514.2013.828012

97. Bio nanoparticles as elicitors increase accumulation of betulin and betulinic acid in callus cultures

Author:
Payamnoor Vahide; Khodadadi Negar; Jafari Hajati Razieh
Source:
South African journal of botany 2021 v.141 pp. 431-439
ISSN:
0254-6299
Subject:
2,4-D; Betula pendula; antioxidant activity; bark; betulin; betulinic acid; callus; callus formation; cellulose; chitin; chitosan; high performance liquid chromatography
Abstract:
... This study aimed to develop a protocol for callus induction and also to evaluate the effects of chitosan nano-fiber (CTS-N), chitin nano-fiber (CT-N), and cellulose nano-fiber (Cellul-N) as elicitors on betulin and betulinic acid production alterations in the produced stem cells of a hybrid of Betula pendula. Inner birch bark samples were cultured in three different WPM, NT, and B5 media applying ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sajb.2021.05.005

98. Biochar as adsorbent for removal of heavy metal ions [Cadmium(II), Copper(II), Lead(II), Zinc(II)] from aqueous phase

Author:
J. Komkiene; E. Baltrenaite
Source:
International journal of environmental science and technology 2016 v.13 no.2 pp. 471-482
ISSN:
1735-1472
Subject:
Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; adsorbents; adsorption; biochar; cadmium; copper; heavy metals; leaching; lead; maximum contaminant level; metal ions; pH; pyrolysis; sorption isotherms; temperature; zinc
Abstract:
... The removal of the most prevalent heavy metal ions [cadmium(II), lead(II), copper(II), and zinc(II)] by adsorption on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) biochar and Silver birch (Betula pendula) biochar has been investigated, following the determination of physical and chemical adsorption properties of biochar. The efficiency of adsorption of heavy metal ions [cadmium(II), lead(II), copper(II), and ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13762-015-0873-3

99. Biochemical acclimation patterns of Betula pendula and Pinus sylvestris seedlings to elevated carbon dioxide concentrations

Author:
Juurola, E.
Source:
Tree physiology 2003 v.23 no.2 pp. 85-95
ISSN:
0829-318X
Subject:
Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; seedling growth; seedlings; acclimation; photosynthesis; net assimilation rate; carbon dioxide; gas exchange; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; enzyme activity; seasonal variation; chlorophyll; fluorescence; quantitative analysis; protein content; nitrogen content; stomata; leaf conductance; chemical constituents of plants; stress response; Finland
Abstract:
... Acclimation of photosynthesis to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]; 350 to 2000 micromoles mol-1) was followed in silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings for two years. Chlorophyll fluorescence and concentrations of Rubisco, chlorophyll, total soluble protein and nitrogen were monitored together with steady-state gas exchange at t ...
DOI:
10.1093/treephys/23.2.85
PubMed:
12533303

100. Biodegradation of PAHs in long-term contaminated soil cultivated with European white birch (Betula pendula) and red mulberry (Morus rubra) tree

Author:
Rezek, Jan; Wiesche, Carsten in der; Mackova, Martina; Zadrazil, Frantisek; Macek, Tomas
Source:
International journal of phytoremediation 2009 v.11 no.1-4 pp. 65-80
ISSN:
1522-6514
Subject:
pyrene (hydrocarbon); perennials; Morus rubra; Lolium perenne; greenhouse experimentation; high performance liquid chromatography; trees; Betula pendula; phytoremediation; provenance; biodegradation; photoperiod; benzopyrenes; polluted soils; Germany
DOI:
10.1080/15226510802363493