U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Https

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Subject Brazil Remove constraint Subject: Brazil Subject commercialization Remove constraint Subject: commercialization
Start Over

Search

169  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 20 of 169 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. Commercialization and Use of Snakes in North and Northeastern Brazil: Implications for Conservation and Management

Author:
Alves, Rômulo Romeu da Nóbrega; Filho, Gentil Alves Pereira
Source:
Biodiversity and conservation 2007 v.16 no.4 pp. 969-985
ISSN:
0960-3115
Subject:
Boa constrictor; Crotalus durissus; cities; commercialization; interviews; markets; pets; questionnaires; snakes; sustainable development; trade; traditional medicine; Brazil
Abstract:
... Snakes are sold in many markets and religious article stores in Brazil. Besides their use as food, snakes are exploited in a variety of ways, such as pets, or for use in traditional medicine and magic/religious rituals (especially in Afro-Brazilian religions). Despite widespread commercialization, there is a general lack of information about this snake trade, which makes it difficult to evaluate i ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10531-006-9036-7

2. Traditional knowledge, forest management, and certification: A reality check

Author:
Shanley, P.; Stockdale, M.
Source:
Forests, trees and livelihoods 2008 v.18 no.1 pp. 55-67
ISSN:
1472-8028
Subject:
rural communities; nontimber forest products; product certification; monitoring; indigenous knowledge; plant ecology; case studies; commercialization; forest ecology; Namibia; Philippines; Brazil
DOI:
10.1080/14728028.2008.9752617

3. Aflatoxins evaluation on in-shell and shelled dry Brazil nuts for export analysed by LC-MS/MS - 2006 and 2007 harvests

Author:
A. Pacheco; V. Scussel
Source:
World mycotoxin journal 2009 v.2 no.3 pp. 295-304
ISSN:
1875-0796
Subject:
Brazil nuts; European Union; aflatoxins; atmospheric pressure; bags; commercialization; environmental factors; exports; ionization; mass spectrometry; relative humidity; temperature; water activity; water content; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... Dry in-shell and shelled Brazil nuts from two different harvests were evaluated for aflatoxins by LC-tandem mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation in the positive mode. A total of 171 samples of Brazil nuts for export, comprising 108 in-shell and 63 shelled (large, medium and small sizes) were collected in a factory located at Manaus city, State of Amazonas, in the Brazili ...
DOI:
10.3920/WMJ2008.1077

4. Avaliação agroeconômica da produção de cultivares de feijão-caupi em consórcio com cultivares de mandioca em Roraima. = The agroeconomic evaluation of the production of cowpea varieties intercropped with varieties of cassava in The State of Roraima.

Author:
José Maria Arcanjo Alves; Nilma Pereira de Araújo; Sandra Cátia Pereira Uchôa; José de Anchieta Alves de Albuquerque; Armando José da Silva; Guilherme Silva Rodrigues; Deyse Cristina Oliveira da Silva
Source:
Agro@mbiente on-line 2009 v.3 no.1 pp. 15-30
ISSN:
1982-8470
Subject:
Manihot; cassava; cerrado; commercialization; cowpeas; cultivars; green beans; intercropping; liquids; markets; savannas; Brazil
Abstract:
... Objetivou-se com este trabalho realizar a avaliação agroeconômica da produção consorciada de cultivares de feijão-caupi com cultivares de mandioca para mesa em uma área de cerrado do Estado de Roraima, visando o mercado de Boa Vista, em Roraima. O experimento foi instalado na área experimental do CCA/UFRR, no município de Boa Vista. Fez-se o plantio de duas cultivares de mandioca para mesa em 15 d ...

5. Historical perspective of biofuels: learning from the past to rediscover the future

Author:
Songstad, D. D.; Lakshmanan, P.; Chen, J.; Gibbons, W.; Hughes, S.; Nelson, R.
Source:
In vitro cellular & developmental biology 2009 v.45 no.3 pp. 189-192
ISSN:
1054-5476
Subject:
USDA; biodiesel; commercialization; ethanol; experts; industry; issues and policy; private sector; research and development; Australia; Brazil; China; India; United States
Abstract:
... This issue of in vitro plant is dedicated to various aspects of biofuel research and development. The editors have sought the experts in this field and solicited manuscripts for this special issue publication from various academic institutions, government (USDA, DOE), industry (Mendel, Alellyx, Canavilas, Syngenta, Monsanto), and various countries (USA, China, Brazil, India, and Australia). This h ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11627-009-9218-6

6. Passion flower hybrids and their use in the ornamental plant market: perspectives for sustainable development with emphasis on Brazil

Author:
Abreu, Priscilla Patrocínio; Souza, Margarete Magalhães; Santos, Eileen Azevedo; Pires, Marcel Viana; Pires, Mônica Moura; de Almeida, Alex-Alan Furtado
Source:
Euphytica 2009 v.166 no.3 pp. 307-315
ISSN:
0014-2336
Subject:
Passiflora; ornamental plants; plant breeding; hybrids; interspecific hybridization; plant genetic resources; floriculture; ornamental value; wild relatives; commercialization; sustainable agriculture; Brazil
Abstract:
... The Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae) genus consists of about 500 species widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions, commonly known as the passion flower. The passion flowers are considered ornamental plants because of the exotic beauty of their flowers and variant foliage. Since their introduction to the Old World, around 1625, seventeenth century, they have been used to decorat ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10681-008-9835-x

7. Solidarity economy and recycling co-ops in São Paulo: micro-credit to alleviate poverty

Author:
Jutta Gutberlet
Source:
Development in practice 2009 v.19 no.6 pp. 737-751
ISSN:
1364-9213
Subject:
capital; commercialization; governance; poverty; Brazil
Abstract:
... Lack of working capital hinders collective commercialisation of recyclables. Social exclusion and bureaucratic constraints prevent recyclers from obtaining official bank loans. As they continue to depend on intermediaries, the cycle of poverty, dependency, and exclusion is perpetuated. The article discusses collective commercialisation and the micro-credit fund created among 30 recycling groups in ...
DOI:
10.1080/09614520903026892

8. Postharvest Quality of Brazilian Late Peach Cultivars during Cold Storage

Author:
Neves, L.C.; Silva, V.X. da; Tosin, J.M.; Prill, M.A. de Souza; Roberto, S.R.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2010 v. no.877 pp. 887-897
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
food spoilage; total soluble solids; fruit pulp; postharvest physiology; chilling injury; food storage; phenol; titratable acidity; postharvest injuries; harvest date; cultivars; postharvest treatment; relative humidity; catechol oxidase; food preservation; storage time; storage quality; commercialization; temperature; colored varieties; fruits; peaches; fruit maturity; ripening; enzymatic browning; cold storage; Brazil
Abstract:
... The purpose of this research was to study the effect of delayed storage in the preservation of the quality, as well as the control of chilling injuries during cold storage of late peaches from Brazil. The research was carried out over the course of two years (2003 and 2004), using yellow pulp peaches and white pulp peaches. All the cultivars were exposed to temperatures of 20°C and 75±3% of U.R., ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2010.877.119

9. Adoption, use and perception of Australian acacias around the world

Author:
Kull, Christian A.; Shackleton, Charlie M.; Cunningham, Peter J.; Ducatillon, Catherine; Dufour-Dror, Jean-Marc; Esler, Karen J.; Friday, James B.; Gouveia, António C.; Griffin, A.R.; Marchante, Elizabete; Midgley, Stephen J.; Pauchard, Aníbal; Rangan, Haripriya; Richardson, David M.; Rinaudo, Tony; Tassin, Jacques; Urgenson, Lauren S.; von Maltitz, Graham P.; Zenni, Rafael D.; Zylstra, Matthew J.
Source:
Diversity & distributions 2011 v.17 no.5 pp. 822-836
ISSN:
1366-9516
Subject:
Acacia; agroforestry; biodiversity; case studies; commercialization; economic development; ecosystem services; experts; farmers; farms; forest industries; households; income; models; plantations; politics; qualitative analysis; questionnaires; researchers; trees; wattles; Brazil; Chile; Dominican Republic; Ethiopia; France; India; Israel; Madagascar; Niger; Portugal; Republic of the Congo; South Africa; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Aim To examine the different uses and perceptions of introduced Australian acacias (wattles; Acacia subgenus Phyllodineae) by rural households and communities. Location Eighteen landscape-scale case studies around the world, in Vietnam, India, Réunion, Madagascar, South Africa, Congo, Niger, Ethiopia, Israel, France, Portugal, Brazil, Chile, Dominican Republic and Hawai‘i. Methods Qualitative comp ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00783.x

10. Biofuel and petroleum-based fuel supply chain research: A literature review

Author:
Heungjo An; Wilbert E. Wilhelm; Stephen W. Searcy
Source:
Biomass and bioenergy 2011 v.35 no.9 pp. 3763-3774
ISSN:
0961-9534
Subject:
bioenergy industry; biofuels; commercial farms; commercialization; feedstocks; gasoline; growers; harvesting; issues and policy; models; operations research; refining; supply chain; viability; Brazil; Europe; United States
Abstract:
... During the last decade, countries around the world - especially the U.S., Brazil, and many in Europe - have worked to accelerate the commercialization of a biofuel industry. As pilot plant studies for the second-generation biofuel (e.g., cellulosic biofuel) currently seek to determine the most viable feedstocks and processing technologies, it is an opportune time to formulate operations research ( ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.021

11. Considerations on the Use of Malachite Green in Aquaculture and Analytical Aspects of Determining the Residues in Fish: A Review

Author:
Juliana Campos Hashimoto; Jonas Augusto Rizzato Paschoal; Júlio Ferraz de Queiroz; Felix Guillermo Reyes Reyes
Source:
Journal of aquatic food product technology 2011 v.20 no.3 pp. 273-294
ISSN:
1547-0636
Subject:
antimicrobial properties; bacteria; biotransformation; cattle; commercialization; disease resistance; environmental impact; farmers; fish; fish culture; fungi; human health; malachite green; mass spectrometry; parasites; poultry; risk; toxicity; viruses; Brazil
Abstract:
... Aquaculture in Brazil has shown expressive development since the 1990s with growth rates superior to those of cattle and poultry. In order to achieve greater productivity, intensive fish cultivation systems are employed, which can cause greater susceptibility to diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. The reduced availability of veterinary medications approved for use in aquacu ...
DOI:
10.1080/10498850.2011.569643

12. Detection, occurrence and natural incidence of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) in hot peppers in Brazil

Author:
Lima, M.F.; Inoue-Nagata, A.K.; Reifschneider, F.J.B.; Souza, K.R.R.; Ulhoa, A.B.; Ferraz, R.M.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2011 v. no.917 pp. 269-273
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Capsicum chinense; Pepper mild mottle virus; antiserum; coat proteins; commercialization; disease control; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; flowering; fruit quality; hands; hot peppers; laws and regulations; leaves; pepper; plant health; protected cultivation; seed treatment; seeds; sowing; surveys; viruses; Brazil
Abstract:
... There are several viral diseases that can cause economic losses to hot peppers (Capsicum spp.). Among these viruses, Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) within Tobamovirus genus, is a serious threat to hot pepper production, fruit quality, and especially to seed production and commercialization, due to its seed-borne transmission ability. In Brazil, PMMoV was found in 2001 in hot pepper plants under ...

13. Packaging engineering for tropical horticultural products: geometric, structural and thermal optimization of mango and banana packages

Author:
Teruel, B.J.M.; Abrahao, R. Funes; Chacon, F. Zalazar
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2011 v. no.906 pp. 137-146
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Mangifera indica; Musa acuminata; bananas; climate; commercialization; computer simulation; employment; engineering; exports; mangoes; markets; packaging; postharvest losses; raw fruit; reforestation; statistics; tropical and subtropical horticulture; vegetable growing; vegetables; wood; Brazil
Abstract:
... Fruit and vegetable production has been growing significantly every year, in Brazil and worldwide. Therefore, the application of appropriate technologies requires constant improvement and technological investment, from harvest to commercialization. Particularly, packages are a significant part of post-harvest losses statistics for fresh fruit and vegetables; only 10 to 50% from the total yield are ...

14. ²¹⁰Pb and composition data of near-surface sediments and interstitial waters evidencing anthropogenic inputs in Amazon River mouth, Macapá, Brazil

Author:
José Reinaldo Cardoso Nery; Daniel Marcos Bonotto
Source:
Journal of environmental radioactivity 2011 v.102 no.4 pp. 348-362
ISSN:
0265-931X
Subject:
adsorption; calcium oxide; commercialization; hurricanes; hydrology; manganese monoxide; organic matter; radioactivity; sediments; silica; Amazon River; Brazil
Abstract:
... Activity profiles of excess ²¹⁰Pb determined in three sediment cores from Amazon River mouth, Macapá city, Brazil, provided the evaluation of sedimentation rates, contributing to a better knowledge of the hydrological conditions in the site that is the capital of Amapá State and is drained by the waters of the huge Amazon River. Chemical data were also determined in the sediments, allowing identif ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.01.008

15. Development of health biotechnology in developing countries: Can private-sector players be the prime movers?

Author:
Gulifeiya Abuduxike; Syed Mohamed Aljunid
Source:
Biotechnology Advances 2012 v.30 no.6 pp. 1589-1601
ISSN:
0734-9750
Subject:
biotechnology; case studies; commercialization; developing countries; employment opportunities; health services; income; industry; international organizations; private sector; research and development; socioeconomic status; Brazil; India; South Korea
Abstract:
... Health biotechnology has rapidly become vital in helping healthcare systems meet the needs of the poor in developing countries. This key industry also generates revenue and creates employment opportunities in these countries. To successfully develop biotechnology industries in developing nations, it is critical to understand and improve the system of health innovation, as well as the role of each ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.05.002

16. Evaluation of four pallet compatible boxes developed for mechanical protection, mixed loads and for the display of fruits and vegetables in Brazilian markets

Author:
Luengo, R.F.A.; Freitas, V.M.T. de; Calbo, A.G.; Matsuura, F.C.A.U.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2012 v. no.934 pp. 97-104
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
commercialization; crates; fruits; markets; questionnaires; transportation; vegetables; wholesale marketing; Brazil
Abstract:
... Four complementary plastic crates dimensioned to protect from mechanical injury during transport and commercialization of weighed produce were developed in 2005. Each crate is suitable for certain fruits and vegetables, and as a group, these boxes are pallet compatible even in mixed loads, which are in high demand in Brazil. Developed to assure that the product is not compressed during handling an ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.934.9

17. Guava prices component analysis in the municipal market of Juazeiro, BA, Brazil

Author:
Lima, J.R.F. de; Araújo, J.L.P.; Flori, J.E.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2012 no.959 pp. -
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Psidium guajava; commercialization; fruit growing; industry; markets; prices; production costs; pulp; raw fruit; seasonal variation; Brazil
Abstract:
... The guava (Psidium guajava L.), belongs to the Myrtaceae family. Originally from America, it finds in Brazil quite favorable conditions for fruit production. Among the producing regions, the northeast and the southeast regions are the main producers. In the southeast region, the State of São Paulo is the greatest producer while in the northeast, State of Pernambuco, is the main producer, followed ...

18. Productivity characteristics of endive as a function of spacing

Author:
Castoldi, R.; Faveri, L.A.; Souza, J.O.; Braz, L.T.; Charlo, H.C.O.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2012 v. no.936 pp. 305-309
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Cichorium intybus; agricultural colleges; commercialization; cultivars; endive; experimental design; harvesting; leaves; seedlings; spatial distribution; trays; vegetable crops; Brazil
Abstract:
... Endive (Cichorium intybus) is one of the vegetables least studied in Brazil with respect to the behavior of the most commercialized cultivars, but it is known that the number of plants per area is one of the factors that most influences the productivity of various crops. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of endive using four spacings between rows and five spacings betwe ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.936.39

19. Blooms of Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima and P. calliantha, and associated domoic acid accumulation in shellfish from the South Brazilian coast

Author:
Luciano Felício Fernandes; Kaoli P. Cavalcante; Luis A. De O. Proença; Mathias A. Schramm
Source:
Diatom research 2013 v.28 no.4 pp. 381-393
ISSN:
2159-8347
Subject:
harvesting; mussels; domoic acid; tissue weight; tourism; farms; farming systems; tissues; transmission electron microscopy; summer; coasts; commercialization; shellfish; Bacillariophyceae; Perna perna; Atlantic Ocean; Brazil
Abstract:
... The toxigenic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima (Hasle) Hasle is reported for the first time in the south-western Atlantic Ocean, and is associated with high concentrations of domoic acid (DA) in cultivated mussels. Water samples were collected from seven shellfish farms along the coast of Santa Catarina State, South Brazil, from March 2008 to March 2009. The material was identified in t ...
DOI:
10.1080/0269249X.2013.821424

20. Commercialization of a critically endangered species (largetooth sawfish, Pristis perotteti) in fish markets of northern Brazil: Authenticity by DNA analysis

Author:
Carlos André Melo Palmeira; Luis Fernando da Silva Rodrigues-Filho; João Bráullio de Luna Sales; Marcelo Vallinoto; Horacio Schneider; Iracilda Sampaio
Source:
Food control 2013 v.34 no.1 pp. 249-252
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
Carcharhinidae; DNA; Ginglymostomatidae; Pristis perotteti; commercialization; endangered species; fish fillets; fisheries; genes; genetic techniques and protocols; habitat destruction; markets; monitoring; nucleotide sequences; sharks; Brazil
Abstract:
... Pristis perotteti, the largetooth sawfish, is one of most endangered elasmobranchs because of fisheries and habitat degradation. Its commercialization in Brazil is prohibited, but fresh or salted fillets of this fish can be found in markets, labeled as “sharks”. In this study we performed genetic analyses on “shark” samples from two important fishery-trading ports in northern Brazil (Vigia and Bra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.04.017