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You searched for: Subject Brazil Remove constraint Subject: Brazil Subject term detritivores Remove constraint Subject term: detritivores
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1. Heavy Metal in Tissues of Three Fish Species from Different Trophic Levels in a Tropical Brazilian River

Author:
Terra, Bianca Freitas; Araújo, Francisco Gerson; Calza, Cristiane Ferreira; Lopes, Ricardo Tadeu; Teixeira, Tatiana Pires
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2008 v.187 no.1-4 pp. 275-284
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
water pollution; rivers; bioaccumulation; copper; zinc; heavy metals; lead; detritivores; freshwater fish; carnivores; chromium; omnivores; Brazil
Abstract:
... The Paraíba do Sul river is located in one of the most developed part of Brazil and receives many organic and industrial effluents directly affecting the ichthyofauna. Concentration of four heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Zn and Pb) were determined in two tissues (muscle and gonads) of three abundant fish species from different trophic levels (Oligosarcus hepsetus--carnivore, Geophagus brasiliensis--omnivo ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-007-9515-9

2. Independent and interactive effects of a top and an intermediate fish species on the food web structure of a tropical stream

Author:
R. L. Motta; V. S. Uieda
Source:
Community ecology 2008 v.9 no.1 pp. 73-82
ISSN:
1585-8553
Subject:
Hisonotus; Imparfinis; algae; detritivores; fish; fish communities; food webs; organic matter; rivers; streams; Brazil
Abstract:
... Two fish species, one top predator (Imparfinis mirini) and one intermediate detritivorous species (Hisonotus depres-sicauda) , were experimentally manipulated to evaluate their relative importance in structuring the periphytic community, as well as their effects on the other trophic levels. An enclosure experiment was conducted in the Potreirinho creek, a second order tributary of Pa ...
DOI:
10.1556/ComEc.9.2008.1.9

3. Trophic controls delaying foraging by termites: reasons for the ground being brown

Author:
DeSouza, O.; Araújo, A.P.A.; Reis, R. Jr.
Source:
Bulletin of entomological research 2009 v.99 no.6 pp. 603-609
ISSN:
0007-4853
Subject:
temporal variation; soil ecology; predatory insects; baits; subterranean termites; detritivores; carbon; soil nutrient dynamics; predation; Formicidae; degradation; foraging; Isoptera; Brazil
DOI:
10.1017/S000748530900666X
PubMed:
19302722

4. Assembly rules in muscid fly assemblages in the grasslands biome of southern Brazil

Author:
Krüger, Rodrigo F.; Carvalho, Claudio J.B. de; Ribeiro, Paulo B.
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2010 v.39 no.3 pp. 345-353
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
mathematical models; insect behavior; predatory insects; Muscidae; body weight; spatial distribution; population distribution; detritivores; larvae; ecological competition; imagos; grasslands; Brazil
Abstract:
... The distribution of muscid species (Diptera) in grasslands fragments of southern Brazil was assessed using null models according to three assembly rules: (a) negatively-associated distributions; (b) guild proportionality; and (c) constant body-size ratios. We built presence/absence matrices and calculated the C-score index to test negatively-associated distributions and guild proportionality based ...
DOI:
10.1590/S1519-566X2010000300006
PubMed:
20676506

5. Influence of crop management practices on bean foliage arthropods

Author:
Pereira, J.L.; Picanço, M.C.; Pereira, E.J.G.; Silva, A.A.; Jakelaitis, A.; Pereira, R.R.; Xavier, V.M.
Source:
Bulletin of entomological research 2010 v.100 no.6 pp. 679-688
ISSN:
0007-4853
Subject:
parasitoids; beans; crop residue management; no-tillage; management systems; predators; Phaseolus vulgaris; Circulifer; crop yield; integrated pest management; Solenopsis; insect control; beneficial arthropods; leaves; insect pests; arthropod communities; crop residues; herbivores; species diversity; Empoasca; canopy; Hypogastrura; detritivores; cropping systems; growing season; Brazil
Abstract:
... Crop management practices can affect the population of phytophagous pest species and beneficial arthropods with consequences for integrated pest management. In this study, we determined the effect of no-tillage and crop residue management on the arthropod community associated with the canopy of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Abundance and species composition of herbivorous, detritivorous, p ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007485310000039
PubMed:
20504384

6. Trophic relationships and mercury biomagnification in Brazilian tropical coastal food webs

Author:
Tatiana Lemos Bisi; Gilles Lepoint; Alexandre de Freitas Azevedo; Paulo Renato Dorneles; Leonardo Flach; Krishna Das; Olaf Malm; José Lailson-Brito
Source:
Ecological indicators 2012 v.18 no. pp. 291-302
ISSN:
1470-160X
Subject:
macroalgae; diet; dolphins; Crustacea; bioaccumulation; invertebrates; mercury; muscles; detritivores; nitrogen; nitrogen fixation; Cephalopoda; carbon; fish; ecosystems; food chain; stable isotopes; Brazil
Abstract:
... The present study investigated trophic relationships and mercury flow through food webs of three tropical coastal ecosystems: Guanabara, Sepetiba and Ilha Grande bays. The investigation was carried out through carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N) and total mercury (THg) determination in muscle from 35 species, including crustacean, cephalopod, fish and dolphin species. Detritivorous sp ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.11.015

7. Assessment of biotic condition of Atlantic Rain Forest streams: A fish-based multimetric approach

Author:
Bianca de Freitas Terra; Robert M. Hughes; Marcio Rocha Francelino; Francisco Gerson Araújo
Source:
Ecological indicators 2013 v.34 pp. 136-148
ISSN:
1470-160X
Subject:
Characiformes; biomass; detritivores; ecosystems; humans; rain forests; screening; species diversity; streams; watersheds; Brazil
Abstract:
... We developed a preliminary fish-based multimetric index (MMI) to assess biotic condition of Atlantic Rain Forest streams in Southeastern Brazil. We used least-disturbed sites as proxies of reference conditions for metric development. To determine the disturbance gradient we used an Integrated Disturbance Index (IDI) that summarized the multiple disturbances measured at local/regional catchment sca ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.05.001

8. DIET BREADTH AND NICHE OVERLAP BETWEEN Hypostomus plecostomus (LINNAEUS, 1758) AND Hypostomus emarginatus (VALENCIENNES, 1840) (SILURIFORMES) FROM THE COARACY NUNES HYDROELECTRIC RESERVOIR IN FERREIRA GOMES, AMAPÁ-BRAZIL.

Author:
Júlio César Sá-Oliveira; Victoria Judith Isaac
Source:
Biota Amazônia 2013 v.3 no.2 pp. 116-125
ISSN:
2179-5746
Subject:
Cyanobacteria; Hypostomus plecostomus; detritivores; detritus; diet; dry season; fish; foraging; interspecific competition; rivers; stomach; zooplankton; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... The stomach contents of 172 individuals of Hypostomus plecostomus and 94 specimens of Hypostomus emarginatus from the Coaracy Nunes reservoir in northern Brazil were analyzed in order to evaluate the feeding ecology of the two fish species from this site. Data were collected in eight campaigns conducted every two months between May, 2010 and July, 2011, four in the dry season and four during the f ...
DOI:
10.18561/2179-5746/biotaamazonia.v3n2p116-125

9. Burning effects on detritivory and litter decay in Campos grasslands

Author:
Luciana R. Podgaiski; Camila Silva Goldas; Claire P. R. Ferrando; Fernanda S. Silveira; Fernando Joner; Gerhard E. Overbeck; Milton Souza Mendonça Jr; Valério D. Pillar
Source:
Austral ecology 2014 v.39 no.6 pp. 686-695
ISSN:
1442-9985
Subject:
burning; canopy; detritivores; ecosystems; forage quality; grasslands; habitats; heat; humidity; mortality; photolysis; shrubs; soil ecology; soil fauna; solar radiation; Brazil
Abstract:
... Disturbances are primary forces creating spatial heterogeneity in ecosystems, and inducing changes on biological communities, abiotic characteristics and ecological processes. Here we focus on the effects of fire disturbance in the decomposition process at subtropical Campos grasslands in South Brazil, where burns are traditionally used to reduce shrub encroachment, and improve forage quality. We ...
DOI:
10.1111/aec.12132

10. Resource Utilization and Temporal Segregation of Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) Community in a Caatinga Fragment

Author:
A M Medina; P P Lopes
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2014 v.43 no.2 pp. 127-133
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
Scarabaeidae; bananas; cattle; cattle manure; detritivores; diel activity; dung beetles; feces; food choices; forests; humans; morphospecies; nocturnal activity; species diversity; spleen; Brazil
Abstract:
... We characterized dung beetles food preference and diel activity and examined the way such characteristics may structure a Scarabaeinae community in a dry forest. We sampled a fragment of Arboreal Caatinga in Milagres, Bahia, Brazil, during the dry and wet seasons, using baited pitfall (bovine spleen, human feces, cow dung, and rotten banana). Species were classified by activity (nocturnal and diur ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13744-014-0198-9

11. Artisanal fishing of spiny lobsters with gillnets — A significant anthropic impact on tropical reef ecosystem

Author:
Bruno Welter Giraldes; Angela Zacaron Silva; Fabio M. Corrêa; David M. Smyth
Source:
Global ecology and conservation 2015 v.4 pp. 572-580
ISSN:
2351-9894
Subject:
Panulirus; artisanal fishing; bycatch; crabs; detritivores; ecosystems; fauna; fish; fishermen; gillnets; habitats; herbivores; lobsters; reefs; traditional technology; Brazil
Abstract:
... Artisanal fishing activity with gillnets to capture the spiny lobster is a common practice along the coastal reefs of Brazil. This research aims to understand the impact that this artisanal fishing practice is having on the coastal reef systems analysing its associated fauna (bycatch) and the stock of the target species Panulirus echinatus. The study compared an area which was subjected to intense ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gecco.2015.10.008

12. Mercury in fish of the Madeira river (temporal and spatial assessment), Brazilian Amazon

Author:
Wanderley R. Bastos; José G. Dórea; José Vicente E. Bernardi; Leidiane C. Lauthartte; Marilia H. Mussy; Luiz D. Lacerda; Olaf Malm
Source:
Environmental Research 2015 v.140 pp. 191-197
ISSN:
0013-9351
Subject:
bioaccumulation; body length; deforestation; detritivores; feeding methods; fish; fish feeding; gold; herbivores; mercury; methylmercury compounds; mining; omnivores; piscivores; pollution; rivers; traditional technology; trophic levels; watersheds; Amazon River; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... The Madeira River is the largest tributary of the Amazon River Basin and one of the most impacted by artisanal gold-mining activities, deforestation for agricultural projects, and recent hydroelectric reservoirs. Total Hg (and methylmercury-MeHg) concentrations was determined in 3182 fish samples of 84 species from different trophic levels as a function of standard size. Species at the top of the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envres.2015.03.029

13. Population parameters of the fish fauna in a long‐established Amazonian reservoir (Amapá, Brazil)

Author:
J. C. Sá‐Oliveira; R. Angelini; V. J. Isaac‐Nahum
Source:
Journal of applied ichthyology 2015 v.31 no.2 pp. 290-295
ISSN:
0175-8659
Subject:
Geophagus; Hemiodus; Serrasalmus; basins; biomass; body length; detritivores; fauna; fish; food intake; gillnets; growth performance; habitats; longevity; mortality; omnivores; Brazil
Abstract:
... The present study focused on the fish fauna of the 44‐year‐old Coaracy Nunes reservoir in the northern Amazon basin, producing estimates of the growth constant (k), maximum and asymptotic body lengths and weights, natural mortality (M), the consumption/biomass ratio (QB) (intake of food by a group over a year), the Aspect ratio (Ar) of the caudal fin, growth performance (Φ), longevity, and trophic ...
DOI:
10.1111/jai.12667

14. Food web structure shaped by habitat size and climate across a latitudinal gradient

Author:
Gustavo Q. Romero; Gustavo C. O. Piccoli; Paula M. de Omena; Thiago Gonçalves‐Souza
Source:
Ecology 2016 v.97 no.10 pp. 2705-2715
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Bromeliaceae; Zygoptera; climatic factors; detritivores; detritus; ecosystems; habitats; heat; home range; latitude; linear models; predators; prediction; temperature; trophic levels; water holding capacity; Brazil
Abstract:
... Habitat size and climate are known to affect the trophic structure and dynamics of communities, but their interactive effects are poorly understood. Organisms from different trophic levels vary in terms of metabolic requirements and heat dissipation. Indeed, larger species such as keystone predators require more stable climatic conditions than their prey. Likewise, habitat size disproportionally a ...
DOI:
10.1002/ecy.1496

15. Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) in a forest fragment in the town of Plácido de Castro, Acre, Brazil = Opiliões (Arachnida: Opiliones) em remanescente florestal no município de Plácido de Castro, AC

Author:
Rodrigo Souza Santos
Source:
Agro@mbiente on-line 2016 v.10 no.3 pp. 282-286
ISSN:
1982-8470
Subject:
Neotropics; Opiliones; detergents; detritivores; fauna; formaldehyde; geographical distribution; habitat fragmentation; indigenous species; insects; people; soil organic matter; surveys; Brazil
Abstract:
... Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) are arachnids with wide geographical distribution, most species being recorded in Neotropical regions. These organisms have low dispersal ability, a high degree of endemism and are sensitive to environmental change; they also participate in the cycling of soil organic matter, since the eating habits of many species are detritivorous. Given the importance of these ...
DOI:
10.18227/1982-8470ragro.v10i3.3347

16. Mangrove habitat use by fishes in Southeastern Brazil: are there temporal changes in the structure of the community?

Author:
Márcia C. C. de Azevedo; Antonio G. da Cruz‐Filho; Francisco G. Araújo
Source:
Marine ecology 2016 v.37 no.6 pp. 1223-1238
ISSN:
0173-9565
Subject:
Atherinella brasiliensis; Diapterus; Eucinostomus; Harengula clupeola; Mugil liza; Sphoeroides testudineus; anthropogenic activities; autumn; biomass; community structure; detritivores; environmental factors; fish communities; habitat preferences; hydrologic cycle; issues and policy; mullet; planktivores; rain; salinity; seasonal variation; species diversity; spring; summer; surveys; temperature; winter; Brazil
Abstract:
... We compared fish community structure in Guaratiba Mangrove, SE Brazil, among three seasons of the hydrological cycle [(i) spring, increasing temperature and rainfall, decreasing salinity; (ii) summer/early fall, high temperature and rainfall, intermediate salinity; (iii) late fall/winter, low temperature and rainfall, high salinity] and between the years 2002–2003 and 2008–2009. The aim was to tes ...
DOI:
10.1111/maec.12302

17. Basal carbon sources and planktonic food web in a tropical lake: an isotopic approach

Author:
Paula C. J. Reis; Luiz A. Martinelli; Francisco A. R. Barbosa
Source:
Marine & freshwater research 2017 v.68 no.3 pp. 429-441
ISSN:
1323-1650
Subject:
Chaoboridae; algae; carbon; detritivores; dry season; food chain; habitats; ingestion; lakes; larvae; littoral zone; nitrogen; primary productivity; seasonal variation; stable isotopes; statistical models; trophic levels; wet season; zooplankton; Brazil
Abstract:
... Trophic connections among habitats may be central to food-web dynamics in lakes. Lacustrine zooplankton can rely on basal carbon (C) sources from different origins and plays an important link between these and organisms in higher trophic levels. We investigated the basal C sources supporting the planktonic food web and the trophic relationships among zooplankton size fractions in a tropical lake ( ...
DOI:
10.1071/MF14322

18. Effects of predatory ants within and across ecosystems in bromeliad food webs

Author:
Ana Z. Gonçalves; Diane S. Srivastava; Paulo S. Oliveira; Gustavo Q. Romero
Source:
journal of animal ecology 2017 v.86 no.4 pp. 790-799
ISSN:
0021-8790
Subject:
oviposition; aquatic food webs; predators; food composition; Odontomachus; insects; roots; juveniles; forests; biocenosis; terrestrial ecosystems; animals; Vriesea; forage; tanks; imagos; females; species diversity; predation; Ostracoda; aquatic organisms; detritivores; aquatic environment; epiphytes; phoresy; Brazil
Abstract:
... Predation is one of the most fundamental ecological processes affecting biotic communities. Terrestrial predators that live at ecosystem boundaries may alter the diversity of terrestrial organisms, but they may also have cross‐ecosystem cascading effects when they feed on organisms with complex life cycles (i.e. organisms that shift from aquatic juvenile stages to terrestrial adult stages) or inhi ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2656.12671

19. Geographic shifts in the effects of habitat size on trophic structure and decomposition

Author:
Robin M. LeCraw; Gustavo Q. Romero; Diane S. Srivastava
Source:
Ecography 2017 v.40 no.12 pp. 1445-1454
ISSN:
0906-7590
Subject:
Bromeliaceae; community structure; detritivores; ecological function; food webs; habitats; leaves; macroinvertebrates; phytotelmata; plant litter; rain forests; Brazil; Costa Rica; Puerto Rico
Abstract:
... Habitat size is known to affect community structure and ecosystem function, but few studies have examined the underlying mechanisms over sufficient size gradients or in enough geographic contexts to determine their generality. Our goal in this study was to determine if the relationship between habitat size and leaf decomposition varied across geographic sites, and which factors may be driving the ...
DOI:
10.1111/ecog.02796

20. Trophic guilds of EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera) in three basins of the Brazilian Savanna

Author:
Mônica Ceneviva-Bastos; Dayane Boracini Prates; Renato de Mei Romero; Pitágoras Conceição Bispo; Lilian Casatti
Source:
Limnologica 2017 v.63 pp. 11-17
ISSN:
0075-9511
Subject:
Ephemeroptera; Plecoptera; Trichoptera; basins; carnivores; detritivores; diet; digestive system; environmental factors; insects; omnivores; phylogeny; savannas; streams; watersheds; Brazil
Abstract:
... Insects of the orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) are prominent among stream biota and are associated with many ecological processes in these environments, meaning that a proper definition of their habits is essential. We studied EPT from three watersheds in Brazil (Paraguai, Paraná, and São Francisco) in order to (i) determine the trophic guilds of EPT genera sampled; (ii) de ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.limno.2016.12.004