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1. Chemical composition and heavy metal content of Chilean seaweeds: Potential applications of seaweed meal as food and feed ingredients

Author:
Karina Véliz; Pedro Toledo; Michael Araya; María Fernanda Gómez; Vieia Villalobos; Fadia Tala
Source:
Food chemistry 2023 v.398 pp. 133866
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
crude protein; food chemistry; health effects assessments; heavy metals; macroalgae; nitrogen; Chile
Abstract:
... Seaweeds are a rich source of nutritional and functional compounds, but they also accumulate heavy metals. Here, the chemical composition (crude protein, total lipids, Nitrogen Free Extract and fiber) and the presence of minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, Se) and unwanted elements (As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Ni, Cr, Al) were determined in eleven seaweeds from Chile. Depending on the species, a g ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133866

2. 240Pu/239Pu signatures allow refining the chronology of radionuclide fallout in South America

Author:
Pierre-Alexis Chaboche; Fabien Pointurier; Pierre Sabatier; Anthony Foucher; Tales Tiecher; Jean P.G. Minella; Marcos Tassano; Amélie Hubert; Sergio Morera; Stéphane Guédron; Christophe Ardois; Béatrice Boulet; Catherine Cossonnet; Pablo Cabral; Mirel Cabrera; Guillermo Chalar; Olivier Evrard
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.843 pp. 156943
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
USSR; environment; plutonium; radioactive fallout; sediments; Chile; Polynesia; Uruguay
Abstract:
... Atmospheric nuclear tests (1945–1980) have led to radioactive fallout across the globe. French tests in Polynesia (1966–1974) may influence the signature of fallout in South America in addition to those conducted by USA and former USSR until 1963 in the Northern hemisphere. Here, we compiled the ²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu atom ratios reported for soils of South America and conducted additional measurements to ex ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156943

3. Abundance of Benthic Algae in Forestry Watersheds and the Associated Forest Cover Factors

Author:
Guillermo Barrientos; Andrés Iroumé; Héctor Ulloa; Silvia Basualto; Oscar Parra
Source:
Forests 2022 v.13 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Pinus radiata; ammonium; canopy; forestry; forests; nitrates; pH; phosphorus; regression analysis; solar radiation; water; water quality; water temperature; Chile
Abstract:
... We analyzed the abundance of benthic algae in nine forested headwater watersheds in south-central Chile to study the relationship between the variability of the abundance of benthic algae and physicochemical parameters and forest cover factors. Between 10 November 2015 and 18 August 2016, we sampled benthic algae and physicochemical parameters in the streams and characterized forest cover factors ...
DOI:
10.3390/f13030378

4. Accumulation of delphinidin derivatives and other bioactive compound in wild maqui under different environmental conditions and fruit ripening stages

Author:
Antonio A. Pinto; Verónica Fuentealba-Sandoval; Maria Dolores López; Karen Peña-Rojas; Susana Fischer
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2022 v.184 pp. 115064
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
Aristotelia chilensis; abiotic stress; anthocyanins; antioxidant activity; bioactive compounds; biosynthesis; chemical constituents of plants; delphinidin; flavonols; fruits; gallic acid; polyphenols; raw materials; Chile
Abstract:
... There is a growing interest in food and bioactive compounds with health benefits. Several studies on wild fruits have reported high anthocyanin contents and antioxidant potential mainly influenced by abiotic stress, particularly in native berries. Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz), a Chilean native berry, has been referred as a “superfruit” due to its phytochemical composition and antiox ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.115064

5. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity from Amaryllis belladonna growing in Chile: enzymatic and molecular docking studies

Author:
Mónica Mella; Felipe Moraga-Nicolás; Juan Machuca; Andrés Quiroz; Ana Mutis; José Becerra; Álvaro Astudillo; Emilio Hormazábal
Source:
Natural product research 2022 v.36 no.5 pp. 1370-1374
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
Amaryllis belladonna; acetylcholinesterase; chloroform; computer simulation; hexane; lycorine; research; silica gel; Chile
Abstract:
... Alkaloid profiles from Amaryllis belladonna plants collected in Chile were examined by GC-MS to assess their inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) using in vitro and in silico methodologies. The alkaloid extract was roughly separated by column chromatography on silica gel. AChE inhibitory activities from extracts and purified alkaloids were tested by the Ellman method and a molecular ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2021.1872075

6. Adaptation of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) to Australian Environments

Author:
Richard Snowball; Harmohinder S. Dhammu; Mario Francesco D’Antuono; David Troldahl; Ian Biggs; Callen Thompson; Mark Warmington; Amanda Pearce; Darshan L. Sharma
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Chenopodium quinoa; Mediterranean climate; agronomy; autumn; color; genetic variation; germplasm; irrigation; rain; seed color; seed development; seed size; seed yield; spring; statistical models; summer; winter; Australia; Bolivia; Chile; Peru
Abstract:
... Quinoa is being evaluated in cropping systems in many countries outside of its natural range of South America. Very few attempts have been made by farmers or researchers to grow or evaluate quinoa under Australian environments. Given the growing popularity of quinoa with consumers, new commercial opportunities for farmers and international interest in the crop, it was timely to undertake a compreh ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12092026

7. Adaptive mitochondrial genome functioning in ecologically different farm-impacted natural seedbeds of the endemic blue mussel Mytilus chilensis

Author:
Marco Yévenes; Gustavo Núñez-Acuña; Cristian Gallardo-Escárate; Gonzalo Gajardo
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2022 v.42 pp. 100955
ISSN:
1744-117X
Subject:
Mytilus chilensis; Mytilus edulis; genetic variation; habitats; indigenous species; industry; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; mussels; oxidative phosphorylation; sequence analysis; transcriptome; transcriptomics; Chile
Abstract:
... We assessed the adaptive contribution of the mitochondrial genes involved with the respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation of the blue mussel Mytilus chilensis, a native and heavily exploited species in the inner sea of Chiloé Island, southern Chile. The assembled mitochondrial transcriptome of individuals from two ecologically different farm-impacted natural seedbeds, Cochamó (41°S) and Y ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100955

8. Adoption and impacts of fishing gear innovations: Insights from a small-scale fishery in Chile

Author:
Felipe Torres Cañete; Rodrigo Oyanedel; Stefan Gelcich
Source:
Fisheries research 2022 v.248 pp. 106200
ISSN:
0165-7836
Subject:
bycatch; fish; food security; research; Chile
Abstract:
... Small-scale fisheries contribute to food security and employ millions around the world. Overexploitation, however, threatens the suite of benefits that they can provide. Adopting innovations in gear technology can help to solve problems in fisheries (e.g. by-catch) but can also fuel overexploitation, with detrimental social, ecological, and economic impacts. Early assessments of the impacts of fis ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fishres.2021.106200

9. Agriculture and Temperate Fruit Crop Dynamics in South-Central Chile: Challenges for Fruit Crop Production in La Araucanía Region, Chile

Author:
Tatiana Montenegro-Romero; Cristián Vergara-Fernández; Fabian Argandoña-Castro; Fernando Peña-Cortés
Source:
Land 2022 v.11 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-445X
Subject:
cattle; crop production; forest plantations; forests; fruits; land use; Chile
Abstract:
... The expansion of agricultural, forest plantation, and urban areas is among the main drivers of worldwide land use/cover change. However, little is known about the changes in the extent of highly profitable crops in the temperate zones of South America and their association with other land use/cover changes, especially in south-central Chile, which has experienced massive changes in recent decades. ...
DOI:
10.3390/land11060788

10. Allelic diversity of three anthocyanin synthesis genes in accessions of native Solanum tuberosum L. ssp. tuberosum at the Potato Genebank of the Universidad Austral de Chile

Author:
J. L. Solís; J. Muth; J. Canales; C. Lizana; D. Pruefer; R. Riegel; A. Behn
Source:
Genetic resources and crop evolution 2022 v.69 no.1 pp. 297-314
ISSN:
0925-9864
Subject:
Solanum tuberosum; allelic variation; anthocyanins; biosynthesis; evolution; food security; gene banks; loci; metabolites; mutation; nutrition; pigmentation; potatoes; Chile
Abstract:
... The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most important crop for global food security. Its tubers contain high concentrations of antioxidants, especially in genotypes with red or purple pigmentation. The Potato Genebank of the Universidad Austral of Chile includes accessions that show pigmentation in their flesh and/or skin as well as high levels of anthocyanins, but little is known about t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10722-021-01230-4

11. Ambient temperature and term birthweight in Latin American cities

Author:
Maryia Bakhtsiyarava; Ana Ortigoza; Brisa N. Sánchez; Ariela Braverman-Bronstein; Josiah L. Kephart; Santiago Rodríguez López; Jordan Rodríguez; Ana V. Diez Roux
Source:
Environment international 2022 v.167 pp. 107412
ISSN:
0160-4120
Subject:
air temperature; ambient temperature; children; climate change; climatic zones; conception; education; gestational age; low birth weight; neonates; pregnancy; public health; Brazil; Chile; Latin America; Mexico
Abstract:
... Extreme temperatures may lead to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, including low birthweight. Studies on the impact of temperature on birthweight have been inconclusive due to methodological challenges related to operationalizing temperature exposure, the definitions of exposure windows, accounting for gestational age, and a limited geographic scope. We combined data on individual-level term l ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envint.2022.107412

12. Analysis of the Relative Importance of the Main Hydrological Processes at Different Temporal Scales in Watersheds of South-Central Chile

Author:
Yelena Medina; Enrique Muñoz; Robert Clasing; José Luis Arumí
Source:
Water 2022 v.14 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
groundwater; models; runoff; soil water; temporal variation; water management; Chile
Abstract:
... In Chile in recent years, changes in precipitation and temperatures have been reported that could affect water resource management and planning. One way of facing these changes is studying and understanding the behavior of hydrological processes at a regional scale and their different temporal scales. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the importance of the hydrological processes ...
DOI:
10.3390/w14050807

13. Anthropogenic Disturbances and the Emergence of Native Diseases: a Threat to Forest Health

Author:
Treena I. Burgess; Jonàs Oliva; Sarah J. Sapsford; Monique L. Sakalidis; Felipe Balocchi; Trudy Paap
Source:
Current forestry reports 2022 v.8 no.2 pp. 111-123
ISSN:
2198-6436
Subject:
Araucaria; climate; forest decline; forest management; forest pathogens; forests; global change; trees; vigor; weather; Australia; Chile; Spain
Abstract:
... PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Human-caused global change is fundamentally altering natural forest ecosystems. More trees are exhibiting a wide range of symptoms indicative of poor vigour, particularly stressed species at the edge of their native ranges and stands growing on marginal sites. This review will focus on complex tree diseases (declines) caused by native pathogens and the key environmental drivers ...
DOI:
10.1007/s40725-022-00163-0

14. Apicomplexans in small mammals from Chile, with the first report of the Babesia microti group in South American rodents

Author:
Adriana M. Santodomingo; Richard S. Thomas; Julian F. Quintero-Galvis; Diana M. Echeverry-Berrio; María Carolina Silva-de la Fuente; Lucila Moreno-Salas; Sebastián Muñoz-Leal
Source:
Parasitology research 2022 v.121 no.3 pp. 1009-1020
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Anaplasmataceae; Babesia microti; Hepatozoon; Oligoryzomys longicaudatus; Phyllotis; Protozoa; Sarcocystidae; Thylamys; blood; genes; genotype; loci; parasitology; phylogeny; research; Chile
Abstract:
... Small mammals play an essential role as disseminators of pathogens because they reach high population densities and have ubiquitous distributions. In the Northern Hemisphere rodents are well recognized as reservoirs for tick-borne bacteria of the Anaplasmataceae family and also apicomplexan protozoans. In contrast, South American rodents hosting these microorganisms have been rarely identified. In ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-022-07452-4

15. Applicability of spatial prediction models for landslide susceptibility in land-use zoning instruments: a guideline in a coastal settlement in South-Central Chile

Author:
Pablo López; Jorge Qüense; Cristian Henríquez; Carolina Martínez
Source:
Geocarto international 2022 v.37 no.22 pp. 6474-6493
ISSN:
1752-0762
Subject:
guidelines; land use; landslides; linear models; prediction; Chile
Abstract:
... Landslide hazard is usually incorporated into land-use planning as susceptibility zoning. Multiple-variable models have been widely used for susceptibility zoning due to their advantage to use different performance techniques to improve their prediction capacity. In Chile, the incorporation of landslide hazard into land-use planning instruments lacks a frame of reference that defines the susceptib ...
DOI:
10.1080/10106049.2021.1939440

16. Applying and comparing various nutrient profiling models against the packaged food supply in South Africa

Author:
Tamryn Frank; Shu Wen Ng; Donna R Miles; Elizabeth C Swart
Source:
Public health nutrition 2022 v.25 no.8 pp. 2296-2307
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
cross-sectional studies; food availability; models; public health; Chile; South Africa
Abstract:
... This study aimed to apply the newly developed Chile Adjusted Model (CAM) nutrient profiling model (NPM) to the food supply in South Africa (SA) and compare its performance against existing NPM as an indication of suitability for use to underpin food policies targeted at discouraging consumption of products high in nutrients associated with poor health. Cross-sectional analysis of the SA-packaged f ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980022000374

17. Aqueous two‐phase systems in Latin America: perspective and future trends

Author:
Mirna González‐González; Guillermo Picó; Álvaro Silva Lima; Cassamo Ussemane Mussagy; Jorge Fernando Brandão Pereira; Hector Marcelo Fernandez‐Lahore; Juan A. Asenjo; Marco Rito‐Palomares
Source:
Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 2022 v.97 no.6 pp. 1353-1362
ISSN:
0268-2575
Subject:
bioprocessing; biotechnology; health services; therapeutics; Argentina; Brazil; Chile; Latin America; Mexico
Abstract:
... Aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPS) have been demonstrated to be a simple and robust worldwide applied bioprocessing technology. From high value microscopic to macroscopic biological molecules obtained from a wide broad of matrices, ATPS have shown a high efficiency capacity for their concentration, enrichment, recovery, and purification. Particularly in Latin America, four relevant countries have pa ...
DOI:
10.1002/jctb.6890

18. Arsenic concentration in topsoil of central Chile is associated with aberrant methylation of P53 gene in human blood cells: a cross-sectional study

Author:
Eva Madrid; Isabel Gonzalez-Miranda; Sergio Muñoz; Carolina Rejas; Felipe Cardemil; Felipe Martinez; Juan Pablo Cortes; Maite Berasaluce; Mario Párraga
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research 2022 v.29 no.32 pp. 48250-48259
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
DNA methylation; arsenic; coasts; cross-sectional studies; decision making; gene expression; heavy metals; humans; neoplasms; pollution; promoter regions; remediation; research; topsoil; tumor suppressor genes; Chile
Abstract:
... Gene expression can be modified in people who are chronically exposed to high concentrations of heavy metals. The soil surrounding the Ventanas Industrial Complex, located on the coastal zone of Puchuncaví and Quintero townships (Chile), contain heavy metal concentrations (As, Cu, Pb, Zn, among others) that far exceed international standards. The aim of this study was to determine the potential as ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-022-19085-2

19. Assessing forest degradation using multivariate and machine‐learning methods in the Patagonian temperate rain forest

Author:
Alex Fajardo; Juan C. Llancabure; Paulo C. Moreno
Source:
Ecological applications 2022 v.32 no.2 pp. e2495
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
artificial intelligence; data collection; deforestation; forest damage; forest stands; fuelwood; greenhouse gases; indigenous species; introduced species; invasive species; livestock; rain forests; soil nutrients; species richness; tree and stand measurements; Chile
Abstract:
... The process of forest degradation, along with deforestation, is the second greatest producer of global greenhouse gas emissions. A key challenge that remains unresolved is how to quantify the critical threshold that distinguishes a degraded from a non‐degraded forest. We determined the critical threshold of forest degradation in mature stands belonging to the temperate evergreen rain forest of sou ...
DOI:
10.1002/eap.2495

20. Assessing land surface phenology in Araucaria-Nothofagus forests in Chile with Landsat 8/Sentinel-2 time series

Author:
E. Kosczor; M. Forkel; J. Hernández; D. Kinalczyk; F. Pirotti; E. Kutchartt
Source:
International journal of applied earth observation and geoinformation 2022 v.112 pp. 102862
ISSN:
1569-8432
Subject:
Landsat; Nothofagus antarctica; climate; ecosystems; national parks; phenology; remote sensing; spatial data; spring; summer; temperature; time series analysis; trees; vegetation index; winter; Argentina; Chile
Abstract:
... The Araucaria-Nothofagus forests are a unique ecosystem in temperate rainforests of Chile and Argentina. They include red-listed species and have a high cultural importance for the ancestral population and thus require continuous monitoring to support conservation. Monitoring of phenology by satellite observations is a key tool to quantify the impact of climate variability on terrestrial vegetatio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jag.2022.102862