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... A study was conducted to evaluate genetic relatedness of 27 citrus cultivars and 6 wild citrus accessions using AFLP fingerprinting. The 27 citrus cultivars belonged to Citrus sinensis, C. aurantifolia, C. aurantium, C. paradise, C. reticulata, C. limon, C. latifolia, C. maxima, C. limettoides, C. limetta, C. medica and C. Jambhiri. The wild cultivars were obtained from Oman while the other cultiv ...
Citrus maxima; Poncirus trifoliata; alleles; amplified fragment length polymorphism; apomixis; embryo sac; major genes; polyembryony; progeny; seedlings; seeds; segregation distortion
Abstract:
... Some citrus varieties express a form of apomixis termed nucellar embryony in which the adventive embryos develop from nucellus tissue surrounding the embryo sac. This trait results in many seeds containing multiple embryos (polyembryony). Inheritance of the frequency of polyembryony was studied in 88 progeny from a cross of Citrus maxima (monoembryonic) × Poncirus trifoliata (polyembryonic). The f ...
Citrus maxima; citric acid; citrus peels; energy conservation; esterification; gelling properties; moieties; pH; pectins; pummelos; solvents; temperature
Abstract:
... Pectin was extracted from pomelo peel using citric acid. A Box–Behnken design was employed to optimize the yield and the Degree of Esterification (DE) of pectin. The effects of pH, temperature, extraction time and liquid-solid ratio on the yield were investigated. It was found that under optimized conditions at pH 1.80, extraction time of 141min, temperature of 88°C and a liquid-solid ratio of 29: ...
Citrus maxima; Oriental traditional medicine; Western blotting; antitussive agents; cultivars; drug development; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; immunomodulators; inducible nitric oxide synthase; interleukin-6; macrophages; mitogen-activated protein kinase; nitric oxide; polysaccharides; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; secretion; signal transduction; transcription factor NF-kappa B; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ which is a special Citrus cultivar, has been employed as cough suppressant and expectorant in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. The aim of this study is to investigate the immunomodulatory role of an acidic polysaccharide (designated as CGTP-AP) purified from C. grandis ‘Tomentosa’. CGTP-AP showed effective immune activation in RAW264.7 macrophages at ...
... The indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides for the control of harmful mosquitoes has been fostering menaces like resistance development, toxic hazards to non-target organisms etc. Here, studies are made to prepare a synergistic mixture comprising of low concentration of essential oils of Allium sativum (bulbs), Ocimum sanctum (leaves), Citrus grandis (leaves and peels) against Culex quinquef ...
... Citrus are mainly grown in low pH soils with high active aluminum (Al). ‘Xuegan’ (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) and ‘Shatian pummelo’ (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) seedlings were fertilized for 18 weeks with nutrient solution containing either 0 mM (control) or 1 mM (Al toxicity) AlCl₃·6H₂O. Aluminum induced decreases of biomass, leaf photosynthesis, relative water content and total soluble protein ...
... Seedlings of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck cv. Tuyou were irrigated daily for 5 months with nutrient solution containing 0 (control), 0.2, 0.6 or 1.6 mM aluminum (Al) from AlCl3·6H2O. Shoot growth was more sensitive to Al toxicity than root growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll (Chl) concentration, polyphasic Chl a fluorescence (OJIP) induction and related parameters. Leaves of Al-treated plants showed d ...
... The volatile compounds obtained from different parts of fresh buntan shaddock flowers (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck grown in Taiwan) were analysed by solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 39 compounds were present in different parts of the buntan shaddock flowers, and 46 identified in the essential oils. T ...
Citrus maxima; Oriental traditional medicine; carbon dioxide; citrus peels; coumarins; cultivars; flavonoids; liquid chromatography; pummelos; separation; supercritical fluid extraction; tandem mass spectrometry; China
Abstract:
... Five pomelo cultivars (i.e., Citrus grandis cv. Shatianyou, Citrus grandis cv. Guanximiyou, Citrus grandis cv. Yuhuanyou, Citrus grandis cv. Duweiwendanyou and Citrus grandis cv. Liangpingyou) from different origins in China were selected to analyze their components by using supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction coupled with ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. A tot ...
... Histological studies of stem, root and leaf of ovule and embryo cultured haploid and diploid plantlets of Citrus grandis × C. sinensis and Citrus grandis × C. limetta crosses were carried out. Area of xylem and phloem in stem increased gradually with increasing age of explants in both cross combinations; however, it was measured minimum in haploid plantlets (1.95 and 1.62 mm², respectively) as com ...
Citrus maxima; aluminum; boron; carbon dioxide; chlorophyll; electron transport chain; fluorescence; growth retardation; leaves; nutrient solutions; photochemistry; photosynthetic electron transport; pummelos; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; root growth; toxicity
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Little information is available on the amelioration of boron (B) on aluminum (Al)-induced photosynthesis inhibition. Sour pummelo (Citrus grandis) seedlings were irrigated for 18 weeks with nutrient solution containing 4 B levels (2.5, 10, 25 and 50 μM H₃BO₃) × 2 Al levels (0 and 1.2 mM AlCl₃·6H₂O). The objectives of this study were to determine how B alleviates Al-induced growth inhib ...
... Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck is a popular fruit cultivated around the world, and its peels are sometimes used for the treatment of cough, abdominal pain, and indigestion in China. However, the peel is discarded after fruit consumption in most cases, and its chemical constituents and biological activities have not been validated before. The present study focused on evaluation of the chemical and phar ...
... BACKGROUND: Several immunological pathways, particularly skin inflammation via various pro-inflammatory cytokines have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of psoriasis. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential role of naringin from Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr and sericin from Bombyx mori combination in the treatment of psoriasis. Inhibitory effe ...
... The antioxidative phytochemicals in various fruits and vegetables are widely recognized for their role in scavenging free radicals, which are involved in the etiology of many chronic diseases. Colored fruits are especially considered a quality trait that correlates with their nutritional values and health benefits. The specific aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidants in the juice and ...
... A possible way to valorize citrus peels and seeds, which are byproducts of the juice extraction industry, is to use them as natural antioxidants. The antioxidant activity of several citrus peel and seed extracts obtained either by methanol extraction (free phenolic compounds) or by alkaline hydrolysis (bound phenolic compounds) was tested in a model system based on accelerated citronellal oxidatio ...
glycosidases; fermentation; citrus fruits; naringinase; glycemic effect; plant extracts; enzymatic treatment; Citrus maxima; antioxidant activity; glycoflavonoids; flavanones; South Korea
Abstract:
... Dangyuja is a citrus fruit of Cheju Island in Korea, which is known to have a high content of flavanone glycosides, such as naringin and neohesperidin. Flavanone glycosides of Dangyuja (Citrus grandis Osbeck) extract were converted into their aglycones by naringinase and hesperidinase, and into their hydroxylated forms by Aspergillus saitoi. Dangyuja extract treated with A. saitoi had significantl ...
... This study aimed to investigate the total antioxidant content and activity in different parts of pomelo by-products, namely flavedo, albedo and segment membrane. Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method while total flavonoid content (TFC) was determined using aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The total antioxidant activity was determined by performing DPPH fre ...
citrus peels; acetic acid; fermented foods; alcoholic fermentation; essential oils; plant extracts; fruit pulp; Citrus maxima; fruit composition; flavonoids; antioxidant activity; fruit juices; ethanol; pummelos; phenolic compounds
Abstract:
... The antioxidant potentials of buntan pumelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) and its fermented products were determined. The essential oil from peel had higher total phenolic (214mM) and flavonoid (134mg QE/g of dried material) contents than those of different solvent extracts from fruit pulp. In addition, DPPH free radical-scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power values determined for the ...
... Although it is usually latent on citrus, apple, and pear, apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) poses a great risk to many sensitive cultivars. Since severe leaf yellow mottle mosaic (LYMM) symptoms have been observed on Huangjinmiyou (HJY) pummelos (Citrus grandis cv. Huangjinmiyou), a commercial variety that is widely cultivated in South China, high throughput sequencing (HTS) was used to find potent ...
... Heavy metal pollution may affect plant growth. The focus of this study was to explore remediation agents that alleviate cadmium toxicity in plants. The Citrus maxima (grapefruit) seedlings were cultivated for 10 days under hydroponic conditions amended with different concentrations of Cd²⁺ (50 and 200 mg/L) and CDs (600 and 900 mg/L). Our observations on roots and leaves showed that, the plant exp ...
... Twenty-four simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to detect molecular polymorphisms among 370 mostly sexually derived Citrus accessions from the collection of citrus germplasm maintained at the University of California, Riverside. A total of 275 alleles were detected with an average of 11.5 alleles per locus and an average polymorphism information content of 0.625. Genetic diversity stati ...
... India is an important diversity center for different types of citrus species including pummelo (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck). The major objective of the present study was to determine variation in polyphenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, sugars and organic acid in 16 pummelo (red, pink and white flesh) genotypes. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the fruit quality, polyphenolic content and a ...
... Sour pummelo (Citrus grandis) seedlings were irrigated with nutrient solution containing four boron concentrations (i.e., 2.5, 10, 25 and 50 μM H3BO3) and two aluminum concentrations [i.e., 0 (-Al) and 1.2 mM AlCl3 · 6 H2O (+Al)]. It was found that B did not affect, but Al increased, the Al content in the roots. The Al and citrate contents in the -Al leaves either did not change or slightly increa ...
... Seedlings of Citrus grandis were fertilized every other days for 15 weeks with nutrient solution containing 0 (deficiency), 10μM (control) or 500μM (excess) H₃BO₃. CO₂ assimilation and chlorophyll (Chl) content decreased to a greater degree in B-deficient than in B-excess leaves, but photosynthetic enzyme activities were similarly decreased. Starch accumulated in B-deficient leaves, but not in B-e ...
... The characteristic parameters of Citrus grandis var. Longanyou canopies are important when measuring yield and spraying pesticides. However, the feasibility of the canopy reconstruction method based on point clouds has not been confirmed with these canopies. Therefore, LiDAR point cloud data for C. grandis var. Longanyou were obtained to facilitate the management of groves of this species. Then, a ...
... Caspase-3 is the crucial executor caspase of apoptosis in mammalian cells, which is essential for chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. Although plants have no caspase-3 homologs, PBA1 acts as a plant caspase-3-like enzyme in plant programmed cell death (PCD). PCD occurs during the formation of secretory cavities in Citrus fruits; hence, secretory cavities could be utilized as a new cell b ...
... ‘Zigui shatian’ pummelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) is one nature mutant from ‘Shatian’ pummelo, which showed self-compatibility, because self-pollen tubes were not arrested in the style, moreover abnormal post-zygotic development in ovary caused seed abortion in the cultivar. Herein we constructed a cDNA library from flowers of ‘Zigui shatian’ pummelo and identified one RNase gene fragment. The full ...
Citrus maxima; atomic force microscopy; calcium; crosslinking; food chemistry; fruit quality; fruits; gelation; juices; lignification; metabolism; pectinesterase; pectins; polygalacturonase; pummelos; sodium; water solubility
Abstract:
... Postharvest granulation is a severe physiological disorder in citrus fruit that may be related to pectin metabolism. This study was designed to analyze the changes in fruit quality and pectin metabolism of pomelo fruit during granulation from expansion, gelation to lignification. Fruit quality showed a decrease starting from the gelation stage. Contents of water-soluble pectin, chelate-soluble pec ...
... Seedlings of sour pummelo (Citrus grandis) were irrigated daily for 18 weeks with nutrient solution containing four phosphorus (P) levels (50, 100, 250 and 500 μM KH2PO4) and two aluminum (Al) levels [0 (−Al) and 1.2 mM AlCl3·6H2O (+Al)]. Both malate and citrate concentrations in +Al leaves decreased with increasing P supply, but their concentrations in −Al leaves did not change in response to P s ...
... The experiment was conducted to investigate the changes of five macronutrients in leaves including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) in different growth stages of pummelo (Citrus maxima Merr.). The work was done in 4 farmer's orchards (4 replications) located in Bantan district, Chaiyaphum province, Thailand. Five trees in each orchard were selected for ...
pummelos; Citrus maxima; essential oils; food composition; gas chromatography; physicochemical properties; chemical constituents of plants; high performance liquid chromatography; Italy
Abstract:
... The qualitative and quantitative composition of volatile and nonvolatile fraction of pummelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) essential oil is reported. The oil was analyzed by GC, HPLC and GC/MS. Limonene (93.83%) was the major constituent. ...
... Aldehydes are key aroma contributors of citrus essential oils. White Guanxi honey pummelo essential oil (WPEO) was investigated in its aldehyde constituents and their transformations induced by UV irradiation and air exposure by GC-MS, GC-O, and sensory evaluation. Nine aldehydes, i.e., octanal, nonanal, citronellal, decanal, trans-citral, cis-citral, perilla aldehyde, dodecanal, and dodecenal, we ...
... Volatile components in peel and flesh of Dangyooja (Citrus grandis Osbeck) were isolated by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) followed by analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Twenty-four components, including 4 alcohols, 6 aldehydes, 14 terpene hydrocarbons, and 16 components, including 1 alcohol, 1 aldehyde, 8 terpene hydrocarbons, 4 aromatic compounds, and 2 ...
... A series of crosses designed for introgression of mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) and pummelo (C. maxima Merr.) germplasm, to develop an alternative rootstock to sour orange (C. aurantium L.), were carried out. It is necessary to identify those hybrids that yield nucellar seedlings for rootstock propagation. Rootstocks can be developed through traditional plant breeding methods; however, the a ...
... The essential oil was isolated using the water steam distillation from the peel of Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. cv. Shatian Yu with a yield of 0.31% (w/w). The essential oil sample were analyzed by GC-MS and total sixty six components were identified. The major compounds were found to be identical namely D-limonene (86.4%) and nootkatone (2.11%). The essential oil displayed broad spectrum antibacte ...
... The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the peel of Shatian pummelo was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Twenty-one components were identified. The monoterpenes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the principal compound groups with 96.64% (w/w) of the total oil, among which, limonene was observed dominant (89.96 ± 1.64%), followed by β-myrcene (4.49 ± 0.38%), α ...
Citrus maxima; adenocarcinoma; carbon dioxide; cell viability; chemical composition; coumarin; fruits; gas chromatography; humans; mass spectrometry; palmitic acid; pummelos; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... Constituents of supercritical CO₂ extracts of peel and flesh from pummelo fruits (Citrus grandis Osbeck) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In total, 69 constituents were identified while 42 were common in both samples. The identified major constituents are 7-Methoxy-8- (2-oxo-3-methylbutyl) coumarin (11.4 %), (6E,8E,10E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-2,6,8,10,14-hexadecapentae ...
... Peels of four local Citrus species (Citrus sinensis L. Obsbeck, Citrus reticulata Blanco, Citrus maxima Burm. and Citrus aurantifolia christm.) grown in a same locality under the same climatic conditions were subjected to steam distillation. The essential oils and floral waters obtained were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector (CPG-FID) and by gas chromatography ...
... Two cultivars (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck PO 51 and PO 52) of Malaysian pomelo juices were studied by examining their physicochemical properties (i.e. pH, °Brix and titratable acidity), volatile and non-volatile components (sugars and organic acids). Using solvent extraction and headspace solid-phase microextraction, 49 and 65 volatile compounds were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrome ...
interspecific variation; geranial; neral; beta-pinene; Citrus aurantiifolia; essential oils; beta-caryophyllene; citronellal; limonene; Citrus maxima; chemical constituents of plants; leaves; Malaysia
Abstract:
... The chemical composition of the peel and leaf oils of four Malaysian Citrus species (C. hystrix D.C., C. aurantifolia Swingle, C. maxima Merr. and C. microcarpa Bunge) was examined by co-chromatography, two columns of different polarity, GC/MS and linear retention indices. beta-Pinene and limonene were the major constituents of the peel oils of C. hystrix (39.3% and 14.2%) and C. aurantifolia (28. ...
... Many naturally occurring flavonoids detected in plants and spices possess antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and may serve as sources of antimicrobial agents and drugs. Previous studies have shown that virulence expression of pathogenic bacteria relies on quorum sensing (QS) circuits as central regulators. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of flavonoid extrac ...
... The study deals with antifungal, antiaflatoxigenic and antioxidant activity of Citrus maxima and Citrus sinensis essential oils (EOs) and their phytochemical composition. The EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and their chemical profile was determined through GC and GC-MS analysis. Both the EOs and their 1:1 combination showed broad fungitoxic spectrum against different food contaminating moul ...
... Several Citrus species are cultivated in Táchira, an Andean State of Venezuela. Fresh fruits are sold as such, or processed to produce juice, marmalade, sauce and as additive in children’s food. The purpose of this work was to determine and compare the composition of the essential oils from the pericarp of Citrus paradisi (red and white varieties), C. grandis, C. limon and C. reticulata. Fruits we ...
... Juice sac granulation is a serious problem in pummelo (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) fruits during postharvest storage owing to various abiotic stress conditions, which greatly reduces their attractiveness and commercial value. Hence, measures to alleviate the postharvest juice sac granulation of pummelo are of great importance. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of 1.5 % chitos ...
... Neohesperidosides are disaccharides that are present in some flavonoids and impart a bitter taste, which can significantly affect the commercial value of citrus fruits. In this study, we identified three flavonoid-7-O-di-glucosyltransferase (dGlcT) genes closely related to 1,2-rhamnosyltransferase (1,2RhaT) in citrus genomes. However, only 1,2RhaT was directly linked to the accumulation of neohesp ...
... Citrus wilsonii Tanaka is cold-resistant, rarely grown chance hybrid between Citrus ichangensis and Citrus grandis with a potential to be used as a rootstock in colder climates. In order to evaluate its reaction to Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), C. wilsonii seedlings were graftinoculated with previously characterized CTV isolates monophyletic with respect to the p25 gene and clustering to phylogenet ...