Subject: DNA and California - PubAg Search Results

1. Characterization of Colletotrichum Isolates Causing Colletotrichum Dieback of Citrus in California

Author:: Boris X. Camiletti; Paulo S. F. Lichtemberg; Juan A. Paredes; Thiago A. Carraro; Jhordan Velascos; Themis J. Michailides
Source:: Phytopathology 2022 v.112 no.7 pp. 1454-1466
ISSN:: 0031-949X
Subject:: Citrus; Colletotrichum; DNA; dieback; fungicides; mycelium; pathogenicity; phylogeny; plant pathology; sequence analysis; spore germination; spores; surveys; temperature; California
Abstract:: ... Dieback caused by Colletotrichum spp. is an emerging disease in California citrus groves. A large-scale survey with emphasis on seasonal variations of latent infections was conducted throughout citrus orchards in Fresno, Kern, and Tulare counties in 2019 and 2020. Latent infections on citrus leaves and twigs varied markedly between years. Isolates of Colletotrichum spp. were obtained from asymptom ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PHYTO-10-21-0434-R
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-21-0434-R

2. Characterization of the Soil Bacterial Community from Selected Boxwood Gardens across the United States

Author:: Xiaoping Li; Ping Kong; Margery Daughtrey; Kathleen Kosta; Scott Schirmer; Matthew Howle; Michael Likins; Chuanxue Hong
Source:: Microorganisms 2022 v.10 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:: 2076-2607
Subject:: Bacillus (bacteria); Burkholderiales; Buxus sempervirens; Calonectria pseudonaviculata; DNA; Pseudomonas; Rhizobiales; autumn; biological control; boxwood blight; decline; disease control; gardens; nanopores; pathogens; soil; soil bacteria; summer; California; Illinois; New York; South Carolina; Virginia
Abstract:: ... In a recent study, we observed a rapid decline of the boxwood blight pathogen Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Cps) soil population in all surveyed gardens across the United States, and we speculated that these garden soils might be suppressive to Cps. This study aimed to characterize the soil bacterial community in these boxwood gardens. Soil samples were taken from one garden in California, Illinoi ...
DOI:: 10.3390/microorganisms10081514
: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10081514

3. Detection and Isolation of Rickettsia tillamookensis (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) From Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) From Multiple Regions of California

Author:: Christopher D. Paddock; Kimetha Slater; Andrea Swei; Maria L. Zambrano; Joyce E. Kleinjan; Kerry A. Padgett; Megan E. M. Saunders; Elizabeth S. Andrews; Erin Trent; Jianmin Zhong; Samantha Sambado; Cynthia S. Goldsmith; Emily L. Pascoe; Janet Foley; Robert S. Lane; Sandor E. Karpathy
Source:: Journal of medical entomology 2022 v.59 no.4 pp. 1404-1412
ISSN:: 0022-2585
Subject:: DNA; Ixodes pacificus; Rickettsia; adults; habitats; host seeking; liquid nitrogen; medical entomology; public health; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; storage time; ticks; California; Nevada
Abstract:: ... The western black-legged tick (Ixodes pacificus) is the most frequently identified human-biting tick species in the western United States and the principal vector of at least three recognized bacterial pathogens of humans. A potentially pathogenic Rickettsia species, first described in 1978 and recently characterized as a novel transitional group agent designated as Rickettsia tillamookensis, also ...
DOI:: 10.1093/jme/tjac038
: https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjac038

4. Development of PCR-Based Assays for Rapid and Reliable Detection and Identification of Canker-Causing Pathogens from Symptomatic Almond Trees

Author:: Herve F. Avenot; Rosa Jaime-Frias; Renaud Travadon; Leslie A. Holland; Daniel P. Lawrence; Florent P. Trouillas
Source:: Phytopathology 2022 v.112 no.8 pp. 1710-1722
ISSN:: 0031-949X
Subject:: Botryosphaeriaceae; Ceratocystis; Cytospora; DNA; DNA fragmentation; Diaporthe; Eutypa lata; Phytophthora; almonds; disease surveillance; endophytes; fungi; genes; internal transcribed spacers; longevity; mycelium; oligodeoxyribonucleotides; pathogens; peptide elongation factors; plant pathology; polymerase chain reaction; trees; wood; California
Abstract:: ... Trunk and scaffold canker diseases (TSCDs) of almond cause significant yield and tree losses and reduce the lifespan of orchards. In California, several pathogens cause TSCDs, including Botryosphaeriaceae, Ceratocystis destructans, Eutypa lata, Collophorina hispanica, Pallidophorina paarla, Cytospora, Diaporthe, and Phytophthora spp. Field diagnosis of TSCDs is challenging because symptom delineat ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PHYTO-08-21-0351-R
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-21-0351-R

5. Development of a 95 SNP panel to individually genotype mountain lions (Puma concolor) for microfluidic and other genotyping platforms

Author:: Michael R. Buchalski; Benjamin N. Sacks; Kristen D. Ahrens; Kyle D. Gustafson; Jaime L. Rudd; Holly B. Ernest; Justin A. Dellinger
Source:: Conservation genetics resources 2022 v.14 no.2 pp. 147-150
ISSN:: 1877-7260
Subject:: DNA; Puma concolor; conservation genetics; genetic variation; genotyping; heterozygosity; single nucleotide polymorphism; California
Abstract:: ... The mountain lion (Puma concolor) is one of the few remaining large predators in California, USA with density estimation from fecal genotypes becoming an essential component of conservation and management. In highly urbanized southern California, mountain lions are fragmented into small, inbred populations making proper marker selection critical for individual identification. We developed a panel ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s12686-022-01255-6
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-022-01255-6

6. Diagnostics of the peach root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne floridensis using multiplex real-time PCR

Author:: Henok Yimer; Julie Burbridge; Janete A. Brito; Steven A. Nadler; John J. Chitambar; Sergei A. Subbotin
Source:: European journal of plant pathology 2022 v.164 no.1 pp. 109-123
ISSN:: 0929-1873
Subject:: DNA; Meloidogyne floridensis; data collection; diagnostic techniques; fluorescence; juveniles; mitochondria; morphometry; nucleotide sequences; peaches; plant pathology; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rapid methods; root-knot nematodes; California; Florida; Georgia; Mexico; South Carolina
Abstract:: ... The peach root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne floridensis is an emerging pest of peach and other crops that is currently known to occur only in California, Florida, Georgia and South Carolina, USA. Morphological and morphometric differentiation of this species from other related species is difficult and requires taxonomic expertise. Molecular methods can provide rapid and reliable diagnostics of M. fl ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10658-022-02542-6
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-022-02542-6

7. The Effect of Temperature on Disease Severity and Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii Races 2 and 4 in Celery

Author:: Sukhwinder Kaur; Radwan Barakat; Jaskirat Kaur; Lynn Epstein
Source:: Phytopathology 2022 v.112 no.2 pp. 364-372
ISSN:: 0031-949X
Subject:: DNA; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium wilt; celery; cultivars; discoloration; disease severity; hyphae; plant height; plant pathology; California
Abstract:: ... Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii race 4, which is in F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC) Clade 2, causes a new Fusarium wilt of celery. We compared F. oxysporum f. sp. apii race 4 with race 2, which causes Fusarium yellows of celery and is in FOSC Clade 3. Optimal temperatures for celery yield are 16 to 18°C. Soil temperatures in California celery production areas can range up to 26°C, and the maxim ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PHYTO-11-20-0519-R
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-11-20-0519-R

8. First Report of Botrytis cinerea Causing Leaf Spot on Strawberry in Florida

Author:: M. V. Marin; N. A. Peres
Source:: Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.4 pp. 1298
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Botrytis cinerea; DNA; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Fragaria ananassa; coasts; conidia; cultivars; disease incidence; education; fruits; fungi; fungicide resistance; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; gray mold; greenhouses; heat shock proteins; leaf blight; leaf spot; leaves; mycelium; pathogenicity; pathogens; plant rots; polysorbates; runoff; sclerotia; sensation; sporulation; strawberries; California; Florida
Abstract:: ... During the 2020–21 Florida strawberry season (October to April), strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) plants showing leaf spots were observed on samples submitted to the Diagnostic Clinic at the University of Florida’s Gulf Coast Research and Education Center. Disease incidence was up to 5% and observed on four different farms in Plant City, FL on cultivars Sensation Florida127 and Florida Brilliance. ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-05-21-1082-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-21-1082-PDN

9. First Report of Cucurbit Chlorotic Yellows Virus Infecting Watermelon and Zucchini in the Canary Islands, Spain

Author:: A. Alfaro-Fernández; A. I. Espino de Paz; M. Botella-Guillén; I. Font-San-Ambrosio; E. Sanauja; L. Galipienso; L. Rubio
Source:: Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.7 pp. 2006
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Citrullus lanatus; Cucurbita pepo; DNA; Japan; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; genetic distance; models; phylogeny; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; statistical analysis; viruses; watermelons; zucchini; Alabama; Algeria; California; China; Egypt; Georgia; Greece; Iran; Israel; Lebanon; Mediterranean region; Middle East; Saudi Arabia; South Korea; Spain; Sudan; Taiwan; Texas
Abstract:: ... In July 2019, 11 watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) plants (six ‘Augusta negra’ and five ‘Kasmira’) and seven zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) ‘Marcado’ plants showing yellowing and vein clearing on the leaves were collected in Arico on Tenerife Island of the Canary Islands. Analysis with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with polyclonal antibodies using kits from LOEWE Biochemica GmbH (Sauerlach, Ge ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-10-21-2296-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-21-2296-PDN

10. First Report of Dieback Caused by Phytophthora ramorum on Golden Chinquapin, Chrysolepis chrysophylla, in California

Author:: S. Rooney-Latham; C. L. Blomquist; T. Pastalka; M. C. Soriano
Source:: Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.7 pp. 2002
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Chrysolepis; DNA; Notholithocarpus densiflorus; Phytophthora ramorum; agar; animals; bark; blight; brittleness; coasts; color; conifers; corn meal; dieback; habitats; hardwood forests; leaves; overstory; selective media; shrubs; soil; sudden oak death; tree trunk; trees; wildland; xylem; zoospores; California
Abstract:: ... Golden or giant chinquapin, Chrysolepis chrysophylla (Fagaceae), is a slow-growing, evergreen shrub or tree native to the west coast of the United States (Niemiec et al. 1995). In April 2015, several declining chinquapin trees were identified on Bolinas Ridge near Mt. Tamalpais in Marin County, California, a Phytophthora ramorum infested region (Rizzo et al. 2002). Affected trees were large overst ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-09-21-2044-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-21-2044-PDN

11. First Report of Fusarium annulatum Associated with Young Vine Decline in California

Author:: M. I. Bustamante; K. Elfar; R. J. Smith; L. J. Bettiga; T. Tian; G. A. Torres; A. Eskalen
Source:: Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.10 pp. 2752
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Botryosphaeriaceae; DNA; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Fusarium; Phaeoacremonium; Vitis vinifera; agar; air; bark; conidia; cork; culture media; databases; decline; dieback; discoloration; ethanol; exudation; farms; genes; greenhouses; hyphae; lactic acid; mycelium; pathogenicity; pathogens; peptide elongation factors; phylogeny; sap; statistical analysis; table grapes; vines; wines; wood; Australia; British Columbia; California
Abstract:: ... From 2018 to 2021 a decline was detected in young vineyards of both wine and table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) in seven counties across California (Kern, Monterey, Napa, Sonoma, Tulare, Yolo, and Yuba). Affected vines showed poor or no growth throughout the season, dieback, sap exudation, and internal cankers around the graft union. Lack of feeder roots was detected, indicating weak root development ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-12-21-2790-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-21-2790-PDN

12. First Report of Fusarium falciforme (FSSC 3 + 4) Causing Rot of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa) in California

Author:: K. R. Paugh; J. Del Castillo Múnera; C. L. Swett
Source:: Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.6 pp. 1753
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Cannabis sativa; DNA; Fusarium solani; agar; ampicillin; cannabidiol; conidia; cream; decline; discoloration; ethanol; genes; greenhouses; hemp; hydroponics; hyphae; leaves; mycelium; oils; pathogenicity; peptide elongation factors; phylogeny; polysorbates; potassium chloride; quintozene; rifampicin; root rot; selective media; sodium hypochlorite; soil; stele; stem rot; tetracycline; California; Italy
Abstract:: ... Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa) is a newly legal crop in California that is grown for cannabidiol oil, fiber, and seed. In August 2019, whole plant decline and root rot were observed affecting <5% of plants in two industrial fields in Fresno County, CA. Symptoms included chlorotic and collapsed foliage, stem vascular discoloration, and root rot with abundant mycelial growth. Stem and root segmen ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-08-21-1640-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-21-1640-PDN

13. First Report of Fusarium petroliphilum Causing Fruit Rot of Spaghetti Squash in California

Author:: Albre A. Brown; Marinell C. Soriano; Suzanne R. Latham; Cheryl L. Blomquist
Source:: Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.3 pp. 1072
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo; DNA; Fusarium; ambient temperature; conidia; culture media; ethanol; fruit size; fruits; fungi; growth chambers; internal transcribed spacers; markets; mycelium; peptide elongation factors; plant rots; profitability; sodium hypochlorite; sporodochia; syringes; winter squashes; California
Abstract:: ... Spaghetti squash (Cucurbita pepo L. subsp. pepo) is a yellow-skinned squash that forms translucent spaghetti-like strands when cooked. California leads the nation in total squash production, the majority of which is grown in the San Joaquin Valley. In October of 2019, severe fruit rot of C. pepo L. subsp. pepo (C. pepo) was observed in fruit harvested from seven cultivated fields in San Joaquin Co ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-08-21-1683-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-21-1683-PDN

14. First Report of Leaf Rust on Blackberry (Rubus spp.) Caused by Kuehneola uredinis in Florida

Author:: M. V. Marin; T. Seijo; K. L. Druffel; Z. Deng; N. A. Peres
Source:: Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.9 pp. 2528
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Rubus; blackberries; cultivars; disease incidence; field experimentation; genes; greenhouses; leaf rust; pathogenicity; pathogens; polysorbates; runoff; summer; urediniospores; wind; Australia; California; Canada; Europe; Florida; New Zealand; South Africa; South America
Abstract:: ... During the fall of 2020 and summer of 2021, leaf rust was observed on blackberry plants of cultivar ‘Kiowa’ and breeding line 1734 (BL1734) (‘Natchez’ × ‘Arapaho’) in a field trial in Wimauma, FL. Symptoms consisted of chlorotic spots (1 to 3 mm) on the upper side of the leaves, while the underside had yellow-orange pustules. Disease incidence (number of symptomatic leaves) was up to 100% on Kiowa ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-11-21-2580-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-21-2580-PDN

15. The Genomics and Population Genomics of the Light Brown Apple Moth, Epiphyas postvittana, an Invasive Tortricid Pest of Horticulture

Author:: Amali H. Thrimawithana; Chen Wu; John T. Christeller; Robert M. Simpson; Elena Hilario; Leah K. Tooman; Doreen Begum; Melissa D. Jordan; Ross Crowhurst; Richard D. Newcomb; Alessandro Grapputo
Source:: Insects 2022 v.13 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:: 2075-4450
Subject:: DNA; Epiphyas postvittana; Hawaii; cytochrome P-450; genes; glucuronosyltransferases; glutathione transferase; horticulture; metagenomics; retrotransposons; Australia; California; Europe; New Zealand
Abstract:: ... The light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana is an invasive, polyphagous pest of horticultural systems around the world. With origins in Australia, the pest has subsequently spread to New Zealand, Hawaii, California and Europe, where it has been found on over 500 plants, including many horticultural crops. We have produced a genomic resource, to understand the biological basis of the polyphago ...
DOI:: 10.3390/insects13030264
: https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13030264

16. Habitat‐linked genetic variation supports microgeographic adaptive divergence in an island‐endemic bird species

Author:: Rebecca G. Cheek; Brenna R. Forester; Patricia E. Salerno; Daryl R. Trumbo; Kathryn M. Langin; Nancy Chen; T. Scott Sillett; Scott A. Morrison; Cameron K. Ghalambor; W. Chris Funk
Source:: Molecular ecology 2022 v.31 no.10 pp. 2830-2846
ISSN:: 0962-1083
Subject:: Aphelocoma; DNA; adaptive radiation; adults; birds; ecotones; gene flow; genetic variation; genomics; habitats; landscapes; California
Abstract:: ... We investigated the potential mechanisms driving habitat‐linked genetic divergence within a bird species endemic to a single 250‐km² island. The island scrub‐jay (Aphelocoma insularis) exhibits microgeographic divergence in bill morphology across pine–oak ecotones on Santa Cruz Island, California (USA), similar to adaptive differences described in mainland congeners over much larger geographic sca ...
DOI:: 10.1111/mec.16438
: https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16438

17. Lifestyle, mating type and mitochondrial genome features of the plant pathogen Calonectria hawksworthii (Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) as revealed by genome analyses

Author:: Salazar Catalina; Romberg Megan; Blomquist Cheryl; Nunziata Schyler; Cai Weili; Rivera Yazmin
Source:: Canadian journal of plant pathology 2022 v. no. pp. -
ISSN:: 0706-0661
Subject:: Calonectria; DNA; Eucalyptus; Nelumbo nucifera; Persea americana; avocados; biosynthesis; cytochrome-c oxidase; introns; lifestyle; mitochondrial genome; pathogenicity; plant pathology; secondary metabolites; California
Abstract:: ... In June 2019, fungal necrotic spots were observed on the cotyledons of grafted avocado (Persea americana) grafting seedlings originating from a nursery in Ventura County, California. Morphology and comparison of DNA sequences from eight loci identified the fungal isolate as Calonectria hawksworthii, a species in the Nectriaceae not yet recorded in the U.S. Calonectria hawksworthii is a necrotrophi ...
Handle:: 10113/7795835
DOI:: 10.1080/07060661.2022.2065534
: https://doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2022.2065534

18. Phylogeography and population genetics reveal ring species patterns in a highly polymorphic California lily

Author:: Adriana I. Hernández; Jacob B. Landis; Chelsea D. Specht
Source:: Journal of biogeography 2022 v.49 no.2 pp. 416-430
ISSN:: 0305-0270
Subject:: Calochortus venustus; DNA; butterflies; cohesion; gene flow; genetic variation; haplotypes; homogenization; morphs; natural selection; parallel evolution; phenotype; phenotypic variation; phylogeography; pigmentation; California
Abstract:: ... AIM: Natural selection typically results in the homogenization of reproductive traits, reducing natural variation within populations; thus, highly polymorphic species present unresolved questions regarding the mechanisms that shape and maintain gene flow given a diversity of phenotypes. We used an integrative framework to characterize phenotypic diversity and assess how evolutionary history and po ...
DOI:: 10.1111/jbi.14313
: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14313

19. Robustness of fecal DNA spatial capture‐recapture to clustered space‐use by tule elk

Author:: Thomas J. Batter; Joshua P. Bush; Benjamin N. Sacks
Source:: journal of wildlife management 2022 v.86 no.7 pp. e22290
ISSN:: 0022-541X
Subject:: Cervus canadensis; DNA; elks; feces; females; lakes; landscapes; males; mark-recapture studies; microsatellite repeats; telemetry; wildlife; wildlife management; California
Abstract:: ... Spatially explicit capture‐recapture (SCR) approaches using noninvasive fecal DNA (fDNA) are applied increasingly to obtain statistically robust abundance estimates for various wildlife species. But SCR has not been widely used for more gregarious species, such as elk (Cervus canadensis). Because of their heterogeneous use of the landscape and grouping behavior, elk present novel challenges to sam ...
DOI:: 10.1002/jwmg.22290
: https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22290

20. Two new hairy Leptogium (Collemataceae) species from western North America

Author:: Daphne Fisher Stone; Bruce McCune
Source:: Bryologist 2022 v.125 no.1 pp. 157-169
ISSN:: 0007-2745
Subject:: DNA; Leptogium; Oregon; cauliflower; new species; thallus; Arizona; California; Mexico; New Mexico; Nova Scotia; Ontario
Abstract:: ... Leptogium bacatum is described as a new species with spherical-celled (moniliform) hairs and Leptogium umpquaense has matted, tangled hairs on the upper surface. Both are in the so-called section Mallotium. The species differ in morphology and DNA sequences from others in this group. We supplement existing GenBank data with new ITS and nuLSU sequences for 12 Leptogium specimens from Arizona, Calif ...
DOI:: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.157
: https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.157

21. A field sentinel study investigating withering syndrome transmission dynamics in California abalones

Author:: Ava M. Fuller; Glenn R. VanBlaricom; Melissa J. Neuman; David A. Witting; Carolyn S. Friedman
Source:: Marine environmental research 2022 v.173 pp. 105540
ISSN:: 0141-1136
Subject:: DNA; Haliotis rufescens; abalone; disease transmission; farms; histology; research; risk; seawater; California
Abstract:: ... We examined the risk of withering syndrome (WS) rickettsia-like organism (WS-RLO) infection in sentinel red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) deployed in modules at two Southern California field sites, one adjacent to an abalone farm and one adjacent to wild abalones. WS-RLO DNA was detected in seawater near modules at the wild abalone site but not near the farm (WS-RLO DNA was detected in the farm eff ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105540
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105540

22. Application of ddPCR for detection of Enterococcus spp. in coastal water quality monitoring

Author:: Chad Crain; Keith Kezer; Syreeta Steele; Judith Owiti; Sphoorthy Rao; Maria Victorio; Brett Austin; Alon Volner; William Draper; John Griffith; Joshua Steele; Marva Seifert
Source:: Journal of microbiological methods 2021 v.184 pp. 106206
ISSN:: 0167-7012
Subject:: DNA; Enterococcus; coastal water; data collection; droplets; equations; gene dosage; most probable number technique; pollution; water quality; California
Abstract:: ... Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) was evaluated for the detection of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), Enterococcus spp., in San Diego County beach water samples collected under diverse conditions, from multiple pollution sources, as part of regulatory monitoring activities over 20 months. Two US EPA-approved methods, qPCR (EPA 1609.1) and Enterolert (SM9230D), were used as reference ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106206
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106206

23. Correlation between genetic variation in thymine DNA glycosylase and smoking behavior

Author:: Mikhlid Almutairi; Mahmoud Rouabhia; Mohammed Sahab Almutairi; Mohammed Al-Zahrani; Nouf S. Al-Numair; Abdullah Mohammad Alhadeq; Narasimha Reddy Parine; Abdelhabib Semlali
Source:: Gene 2021 v.766 pp. 145092
ISSN:: 0378-1119
Subject:: DNA; DNA repair; alleles; ancestry; blood sampling; cell viability; cells; cigarettes; correlation; gene frequency; genetic variation; genotyping; homozygosity; human diseases; lead; lifestyle; nationalities and ethnic groups; patients; population; risk; single nucleotide polymorphism; smoking (habit); thymine-DNA glycosylase; California; Italy; Kenya; Nigeria; Texas
Abstract:: ... Cigarette smoking is a major lifestyle factor leading to different human diseases. The DNA repair gene, thymine DNA glycosylase, is important to cell survival because it stops cells from becoming cancerous protecting/preventing DNA. Exposure to CS may induce genetic changes such as single nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA repair genes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the geno ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145092
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2020.145092

24. Detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae by Using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

Author:: Hiroshi Katoh; Shuichiro Yamazaki; Takashi Fukuda; Shoji Sonoda; Hisashi Nishigawa; Tomohide Natsuaki
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.4 pp. 1072-1079
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Fusarium oxysporum; carrier state; conidia; detection limit; fungi; gel electrophoresis; genomics; loop-mediated isothermal amplification; selective media; soil; strawberries; temperature; California
Abstract:: ... We developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detecting Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae, the causal agent of wilt in strawberry plants. This assay was based on genomic regions between the portions of transposable elements Han and Skippy of the fungus. The LAMP assay allowed the efficient detection of F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae DNA by visual inspection, without requi ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-03-20-0590-RE
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-20-0590-RE

25. Detection of spores of causal fungi of dieback-type trunk diseases in young, asymptomatic vineyards and mature, symptomatic vineyards

Author:: Phillip T. Fujiyoshi; Daniel P. Lawrence; Renaud Travadon; Monica Cooper; Paul Verdegaal; Seth Schwebs; Kendra Baumgartner
Source:: Crop protection 2021 v.150 pp. 105798
ISSN:: 0261-2194
Subject:: DNA; Diaporthe; Diplodia seriata; Vitis; fungicides; pathogens; plant protection; rain; spore traps; spores; viticulture; California
Abstract:: ... Grapevine trunk diseases threaten grape production worldwide. In California, preventative practices (delayed pruning, fungicide applications after pruning) that reduce infections of pruning wounds by pathogen spores produced with rain are timed during the dormant season, when high spore-trap counts of the causal fungi are reported from studies in mature, symptomatic vineyards. Similar studies in y ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105798
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105798

26. Estimating Abundance of Desert Mule Deer Using Fecal DNA–Based Capture-Recapture

Author:: Stephen S. Pfeiler; Mary M. Conner; Jane S. McKeever; Rachel S. Crowhurst; Clinton W. Epps; Gerald P. Mulcahy; Erin P. Meredith; Thomas R. Stephenson
Source:: Western North American naturalist 2021 v.81 no.1 pp. 40-53
ISSN:: 1527-0904
Subject:: DNA; Odocoileus hemionus; dry season; females; human development; landscapes; males; mark-recapture studies; models; species abundance; wildlife; California; Sonoran Desert
Abstract:: ... Wildlife conservationists and managers often need to estimate abundance and demographic parameters to monitor the status of populations, and to ensure that these populations are meeting management goals. DNA capture-recapture surveys have become increasingly common in situations where physical surveys are consistently difficult or counts are small or variable. Desert mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus ...
DOI:: 10.3398/064.081.0104
: https://doi.org/10.3398/064.081.0104

27. Estimation of conservation unit and population contribution to Chinook salmon mixed-stock fisheries in British Columbia, Canada, using direct DNA sequencing for single nucleotide polymorphisms

Author:: Terry D. Beacham; Colin Wallace; Kim Jonsen; Ben J.G. Sutherland; Carrie Gummer; Eric B. Rondeau
Source:: Canadian journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences 2021 v.78 no.10 pp. 1422-1434
ISSN:: 1205-7533
Subject:: DNA; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Russia; fisheries; fisheries management; genetic resources; population structure; British Columbia; California
Abstract:: ... Determination of population structure and stock identification is a general problem in fisheries assessment and management. Pacific salmon fishery management regimes are evolving to require higher resolution of stock composition on increasingly smaller reporting units. For Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), a stock identification baseline comprised of some 125 198 individuals from 369 popu ...
DOI:: 10.1139/cjfas-2020-0462
: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2020-0462

28. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Fruit Rot on Fig (Ficus carica) in Pakistan

Author:: M. W. Alam; A. Malik; A. Rehman; M. Sarwar; S. Muhammad; A. Hameed; H. Alsamadany; Y. Alzahrani; Z. Ahmed
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.7 pp. 2015
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Alternaria alternata; DNA; Ficus carica; air; beak; conidia; conidiophores; cultivars; culture media; disease incidence; ethanol; figs; fruits; genes; litchis; pathogenicity; pathogens; peaches; plant rots; polygalacturonase; pomegranates; protocols; relative humidity; California; Pakistan
Abstract:: ... Fig (Ficus carica L.) is among the earliest and widely cultivated fruit trees in the world due to its easy adaptation to diverse climates (Solomon et al. 2006). In July 2020, a rot disease was observed on multiple orchards located in Faisalabad, a region of Punjab Province. The symptoms appeared as light brown, circular to oval, and water-soaked lesions (4 to 8 mm in diameter). In more advanced st ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-01-21-0090-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-21-0090-PDN

29. First Report of Alternaria japonica, a Causal Agent of Black Spot, on Kale in South Carolina, U.S.A.

Author:: A. P. Keinath; S. M. Toporek; V. B. DuBose; S. H. Zardus; J. B. Ballew
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.7 pp. 2016
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Alternaria japonica; Brassica oleracea var. sabellica; DNA; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; agar; allergens; arugula; charcoal; chlamydospores; conidia; cultivars; culture media; disease incidence; disease occurrence; fungi; greenhouses; internal transcribed spacers; kale; leaf area; leaf spot; peptide elongation factors; relative humidity; standard deviation; California; South Carolina
Abstract:: ... In January 2020, charcoal gray, dull lesions were observed on leaves of organic kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) cultivar Darkibor in two fields in Lexington County, South Carolina, the county with the most acres of leafy brassicas in the state. Leaf spots, also visible on the leaf underside, covered <5% of the leaf area. No spores were present. Portions of leaf spots from eight leaves, four ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-01-21-0085-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-21-0085-PDN

30. First Report of Macrophomina Crown Rot Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina on Basil in the United States

Author:: S. T. Koike; H. Stanghellini; A. Burkhardt
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.4 pp. 1218
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Cucurbitaceae; DNA; Fusarium; Macrophomina phaseolina; Ocimum basilicum; Solanaceae; agar; basil; color; corn meal; crown rot; cultivars; disease incidence; fungi; inoculum; lactic acid; leaves; necrosis; pathogenicity; sand; sclerotia; soil; soil-borne diseases; California
Abstract:: ... In 2020, a commercial basil (Ocimum basilicum) field in Riverside County, California, showed symptoms of a soilborne disease. Affected plants were stunted, foliage wilted and dried up, and plants eventually died. Internal crown tissue was light to dark brown in color. Symptomatic plants were surface disinfested, and tissues from the necrotic crowns were placed on acidified (25% lactic acid) corn m ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2300-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2300-PDN

31. First Report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum Causing Stem Canker on Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) in Puerto Rico

Author:: L. M. Serrato-Diaz; R. Goenaga
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.9 pp. 2728
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Hylocereus; Neoscytalidium dimidiatum; cladodes; conidia; culture media; ethanol; fruits; internal transcribed spacers; mycelium; pathogenicity; peptide elongation factors; pycnidia; stem cankers; streptomycin; surveys; California; China; Florida; Israel; Malaysia; Puerto Rico; South America; Taiwan
Abstract:: ... Dragon fruit or pitahaya (Hylocereus spp.) is a tropical fruit belonging to the Cactaceae. It is native to Central and South America and commercially grown in the United States in southern California, south Florida, and Puerto Rico. During a disease survey from April to June 2020, stem canker was observed in greenhouses and commercial orchards located in Mayagüez and San Sebastian, Puerto Rico, wi ...
Handle:: 10113/7594326
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2265-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2265-PDN

32. First Report of Phytophthora Root Rot Caused by Phytophthora cryptogea on Field-Grown Lettuce in California

Author:: S. T. Koike; H. Stanghellini; A. Burkhardt
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.8 pp. 2257
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Lactuca sativa; Phytophthora cryptogea; Pythium; agar; ampicillin; chlamydospores; corn meal; human resources; hydroponics; hyphae; inoculum; internal transcribed spacers; lactic acid; lettuce; loci; mycelium; oospores; pathogenicity; quintozene; rifampicin; root rot; roots; soil; soil-borne diseases; sporangia; vascular wilt; California
Abstract:: ... In 2019, commercial field grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in Monterey County, CA, showed symptoms of a soilborne disease. Plants were stunted with chlorotic outer leaves. Outer leaves later wilted, turned brown, and collapsed. Taproots and small feeder roots were brown and decayed, but crowns were not necrotic. To test for pathogens, roots were surface sterilized in 0.001% NaOCl for 10 s and plated ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-01-21-0076-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-21-0076-PDN

33. First Report of Pythium myriotylum Causing Root Rot in Cannabis sativa in California

Author:: T. L. Pitman; R. N. Philbrook; J. G. Warren
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.11 pp. 3766
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Cannabis sativa; DNA; Pythium myriotylum; agar; ambient temperature; chlorosis; cytochrome-c oxidase; greenhouses; hemp; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; light microscopes; mycelium; oogonia; pathogenicity; root hairs; root rot; slurries; sodium hypochlorite; soil; sporangia; tropical agriculture; zoospores; California; Canada
Abstract:: ... In June of 2020 we observed greenhouse-grown medical Cannabis sativa (L.) in peat-based soilless mixes in Sonoma and Monterey Counties, CA, showing stress symptoms (stunting, leaf chlorosis, and senescence), when moved to flower production conditions. We uprooted symptomatic and healthy plants and observed disease symptoms in symptomatic plants: reduced root mass, reduced root hair density, and ne ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-02-21-0336-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-21-0336-PDN

34. First Report of Pythium ultimum Causing Crown Rot in Greenhouse-Grown Cannabis sativa in California

Author:: T. L. Pitman; R. N. Philbrook; M. R. Vetterli; J. G. Warren
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.4 pp. 1230
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Cannabis sativa; DNA; National Center for Biotechnology Information; Pythium ultimum; agar; ambient temperature; barcoding; callus formation; computer software; cortex; crown rot; discoloration; drinking water; genetic databases; greenhouse production; greenhouses; hyphae; inoculum; irrigation systems; irrigation water; light microscopes; mycelium; sporangia; streams; water supply; California
Abstract:: ... In April of 2020 cuttings of Cannabis sativa (L.) in a greenhouse in San Mateo County, CA, were observed collapsing, and further observation revealed water-soaked stems, tan discoloration to the cortex, and discolored roots. The greenhouse irrigation system was supplied by a local stream. We collected 1-liter water samples from the intake pond, reservoir tank, irrigation lines, and local potable w ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2228-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2228-PDN

35. First Report of Seimatosporium vitifusiforme Causing Trunk Disease in Chilean Grapevines (Vitis vinifera)

Author:: D. Grinbergs; J. Chilian; A. France
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.6 pp. 1852
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Vitis vinifera; agar; bark; chlorine; color; conidia; cultivars; culture media; dieback; discoloration; fruits; fungi; internal transcribed spacers; lactic acid; longevity; mycelium; pathogenicity; pathogens; pycnidia; sodium hypochlorite; surveys; tap water; wood; California; Chile
Abstract:: ... Grapevine is one of the most important fruit crops in Chile, and trunk diseases are a major problem, reducing the productivity, quality, and longevity of the vineyards. A survey was conducted in ancient vineyards of Cauquenes (35°57′14″S, 72°17′07″W) and Itata valleys (36°38′13″S, 72°30′57″W), located in the central area of Chile, during 2019. Trunks and cordons showing dieback and dark brown to b ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-11-20-2475-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-20-2475-PDN

36. First Reports of Phytophthora ramorum Clonal Lineages NA1 and EU1 Causing Sudden Oak Death on Tanoaks in Del Norte County, California

Author:: M. Garbelotto; F. Dovana; D. Schmidt; C. Chee; C. Lee; V. J. Fieland; N. J. Grünwald; Y. Valachovic
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.9 pp. 2737
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Notholithocarpus densiflorus; Oregon; Phytophthora ramorum; Quercus agrifolia; Umbellularia californica; agar; branches; chlamydospores; dieback; ethanol; forest health; hyphae; inoculum; loci; microsatellite repeats; pathogens; sporangia; state parks; sudden oak death; wildland; California
Abstract:: ... A year of forest health surveys has led to the first detection of Phytophthora ramorum in Del Norte County followed by the first wildland detection of the EU1 clonal lineage (Grünwald et al. 2009) of this pathogen in California. In July 2019, leaves were sampled from two tanoaks (Notholithocarpus densiflorus) and 16 California bay laurels (Umbellularia californica) in Jedediah Smith State Park in ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-12-20-2633-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-20-2633-PDN

37. Fungal mycelial mats used as textile by indigenous people of North America

Author:: Robert A. Blanchette; Deborah Tear Haynes; Benjamin W. Held; Jonas Niemann; Nathan Wales
Source:: Mycologia 2021 v.113 no.2 pp. 261-267
ISSN:: 1557-2536
Subject:: DNA; fabrics; forests; fungi; indigenous peoples; medicine; museums; mycelium; species identification; California; Canada
Abstract:: ... The indigenous people of the United States and Canada long have used forest fungi for food, tinder, medicine, paint, and many other cultural uses. New information about historical uses of fungi continues to be discovered from museums as accessions of fungi and objects made from fungi collected over the last 150+ years are examined and identified. Two textiles thought to be made from fungal mats ar ...
DOI:: 10.1080/00275514.2020.1858686
: https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2020.1858686

38. Identification of Grapevine Pinot gris virus in Free-Living Vitis spp. Located in Riparian Areas Adjacent to Commercial Vineyards

Author:: Alfredo Diaz-Lara; Gerald S. Dangl; Judy Yang; Deborah Golino; Maher Al Rwahnih
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.9 pp. 2295-2298
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; ancestry; cultivars; epidemiology; hybrids; inoculum; pathogens; reverse transcription; rootstocks; sequence analysis; surveys; viruses; California
Abstract:: ... Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) is a recently identified pathogen of grapevines in California. To advance our knowledge about the epidemiology of GPGV, we investigated if free-living Vitis spp. can represent a source of inoculum. In 2019, a field survey of GPGV infection was conducted in Napa County and 60 free-living vines in riparian habitats near commercial vineyards with GPGV infection were ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2121-SC
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2121-SC

39. Incidence of Asiatic Citrus Canker on Trifoliate Orange and Its Hybrid Accessions in a Florida Field Planting

Author:: Ed Stover; Chandrika Ramadugu; Mikeal Roose; Joseph Krystel; Richard F. Lee; Manjunath Keremane
Source:: HortScience 2021 v.56 no.5 pp. 525-531
ISSN:: 2327-9834
Subject:: Citrus; DNA; Poncirus trifoliata; USDA; Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri; chloroplasts; citrus canker; genotype; grapefruits; hybrids; oranges; planting; progeny; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; California; Florida
Abstract:: ... Asiatic citrus canker (ACC) foliar lesions were evaluated on progenies of 84 seed-source genotypes (“parent genotypes”) from the Citrus Variety Collection (CVC) of the University of California at Riverside (UCR) of Citrus trifoliata and hybrids between C. trifoliata and other Citrus species and hybrids. Trees were planted Aug. 2013 in a completely randomized design at the Fort Pierce U.S. Departme ...
DOI:: 10.21273/HORTSCI15684-20
: https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI15684-20

40. Inter- and Intra-Continental Genetic Variation in the Generalist Conifer Wood Saprobic Fungus Phlebiopsis gigantea

Author:: Francesco Dovana; Paolo Gonthier; Matteo Garbelotto
Source:: Forests 2021 v.12 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: DNA; Heterobasidion; Phlebia gigantea; biodiversity; biological control; conifers; fungi; genetic variation; geographical distribution; host specificity; loci; mitochondria; phylogeography; probability analysis; saprophytes; surveys; trees; wood; California; Europe
Abstract:: ... Phlebiopsis gigantea (Fr.) Jülich is a well-known generalist conifer wood saprobe and a biocontrol fungus used in several world countries to prevent stump infection by tree pathogenic Heterobasidion fungal species. Previous studies have reported the presence of regional and continental genetic differentiation in host-specific fungi, but the presence of such differentiation for generalist wood sapr ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f12060751
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f12060751

41. Macroecological patterns of resource use in resident and migratory hummingbirds

Author:: J.A. Hazlehurst; D.T. Rankin; C.J. Clark; Q.S. McFrederick; E.E. Wilson-Rankin
Source:: Basic and applied ecology 2021 v.51 pp. 71-82
ISSN:: 1439-1791
Subject:: DNA; DNA barcoding; Selasphorus; applied ecology; feces; females; foraging; hummingbirds; migratory behavior; models; pollinators; sampling; species richness; stopover sites; California
Abstract:: ... Hummingbirds (Family Trochilidae) are key pollinators in several biodiversity hotspots, including the California Floristic Province in North America. Relatively little is known about how hummingbird diets change throughout the year, especially with regard to how migratory hummingbirds affect resident hummingbirds at stopover sites. In this study, we examine how hummingbird species, migratory statu ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.baae.2021.01.003
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2021.01.003

42. Plague vaccines: new developments in an ongoing search

Author:: Jason A. Rosenzweig; Emily K. Hendrix; Ashok K. Chopra
Source:: Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2021 v.105 no.12 pp. 4931-4941
ISSN:: 0175-7598
Subject:: DNA; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Yersinia pestis; antibiotic resistance; bacteria; biotechnology; humans; live vaccines; pandemic; pathogens; plague; vaccine development; California; China; Madagascar
Abstract:: ... As the reality of pandemic threats challenges humanity, exemplified during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 infections, the development of vaccines targeting these etiological agents of disease has become increasingly critical. Of paramount concern are novel and reemerging pathogens that could trigger such events, including the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis. Y. pestis is responsible for more human deaths ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00253-021-11389-6
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11389-6

43. Population structure of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) from Northern California to Alaska using single nucleotide polymorphisms from direct amplicon sequencing

Author:: Ben J.G. Sutherland; John Candy; Kayla Mohns; Olivia Cornies; Kim Jonsen; Khai Le; Richard G. Gustafson; Krista M. Nichols; Terry D. Beacham
Source:: Canadian journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences 2021 v.78 no.1 pp. 78-89
ISSN:: 1205-7533
Subject:: DNA; Thaleichthys pacificus; anadromous fish; coasts; genome assembly; microsatellite repeats; population structure; rivers; Alaska; Bering Sea; California; Gulf of Alaska; Southeastern United States
Abstract:: ... Eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus), a culturally and ecologically important anadromous smelt (Family Osmeridae), ranges from Northern California to the southeast Bering Sea. In recent decades, some populations have experienced declines. Here we use a contig-level genome assembly combined with previously published restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq)-derived markers to construct an am ...
DOI:: 10.1139/cjfas-2020-0200
: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2020-0200

44. Presence of a cryptic Onchocerca species in black flies of northern California, USA

Author:: Matthew Kulpa; Kimberly J. Nelson; Alana M. Morales; Bonnie M. Ryan; Michelle L. Koschik; Jamesina J. Scott; Guilherme G. Verocai
Source:: Parasites & vectors 2021 v.14 no.1 pp. 478
ISSN:: 1756-3305
Subject:: DNA; NADH dehydrogenase; Odocoileus virginianus; Onchocerca; Simulium vittatum; arthropods; biodiversity; females; genes; genetic distance; geographical distribution; lakes; monitoring; onchocerciasis; phenotype; phylogeny; polymerase chain reaction; wildlife; California; New York
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) serve as arthropod vectors for various species of Onchocerca (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) that may be associated with disease in humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. The emergence of zoonotic Onchocerca lupi in North America and reports of cervid-associated zoonotic onchocerciasis by Onchocerca jakutensis highlight the need for increased entomological ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s13071-021-04990-1
: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-04990-1

45. Quantification of the Aflatoxin Biocontrol Strain Aspergillus flavus AF36 in Soil and in Nuts and Leaves of Pistachio by Real-Time PCR

Author:: M. Teresa Garcia-Lopez; Yong Luo; Alejandro Ortega-Beltran; Ramon Jaime; Juan Moral; Themis J. Michailides
Source:: Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.6 pp. 1657-1665
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Aspergillus flavus; DNA; aflatoxins; almonds; biological control; biological control agents; biosynthesis; conidia; figs; genes; labor; pistachios; protocols; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; regression analysis; soil; California
Abstract:: ... The species Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus are commonly found in the soils of nut-growing areas in California. Several isolates can produce aflatoxins that occasionally contaminate nut kernels, conditioning their sale. Strain AF36 of A. flavus, which does not produce aflatoxins, is registered as a biocontrol agent for use in almond, pistachio, and fig crops in California. After application ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-05-20-1097-RE
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-20-1097-RE

46. Range-wide assessment of a SNP panel for individualization and geolocalization of bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum Pursh)

Author:: Richard C. Cronn; Kristen N. Finch; Laura L. Hauck; Meaghan Parker-Forney; Brook G. Milligan; Jenélle Dowling; Adventure Scientists
Source:: Forensic science international 2021 v.1 pp. 100033
ISSN:: 2666-9374
Subject:: Acer macrophyllum; DNA; coasts; databases; forensic sciences; genetic profile; genotyping; hardwood; provenance; single nucleotide polymorphism; British Columbia; California
Abstract:: ... Illegal logging is a worldwide problem that degrades ecosystems, and even low-risk markets like the United States report ~1000 significant hardwood timber theft cases per year. Due to its high value, bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum Pursh) is a common target of timber theft in western North America. Using samples from Washington, USA, a single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] assay was recently devel ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2021.100033
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2021.100033

47. Testing small‐scale ecological gradients and intraspecific differentiation for hundreds of kelp forest species using haplotypes from metabarcoding

Author:: Peter Shum; Stephen R. Palumbi
Source:: Molecular ecology 2021 v.30 no.13 pp. 3355-3373
ISSN:: 0962-1083
Subject:: Bryozoa; DNA; DNA barcoding; genetic structure; genetic variation; haplotypes; phylogeny; population genetics; sequence diversity; species abundance; California
Abstract:: ... DNA metabarcoding has been increasingly used to detail distributions of hundreds of species. Most analyses focus on creating molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) from complex mixtures of DNA sequences, but much less common is use of the sequence diversity within these MOTUs. Here we use the diversity of COI haplotypes within MOTUs from a California kelp forest to infer patterns of populat ...
DOI:: 10.1111/mec.15851
: https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15851

48. Use of ITS-1 to Identify Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera occipitalis (Diptera: Tephritidae): A Case Study Using Flies Trapped in California from 2008 to 2018

Author:: Norman B. Barr; Martin Hauser; Jennifer Belcher; David Salinas; Erin Schuenzel; Peter Kerr; Stephen Gaimari
Source:: Florida entomologist 2021 v.104 no.2 pp. 96-106
ISSN:: 1938-5102
Subject:: Bactrocera carambolae; Bactrocera dorsalis; DNA; case studies; entomologists; fruit flies; internal transcribed spacers; intraspecific variation; nucleotides; peptide elongation factors; plant protection; species identification; California; Florida
Abstract:: ... Molecular methods are necessary to diagnose immature life stages of the agricultural pest fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and are useful to corroborate identifications based on adults because morphological variation within the species can overlap with congeners. DNA sequencing of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) has been adopted by the International Plant Protect ...
DOI:: 10.1653/024.104.0205
: https://doi.org/10.1653/024.104.0205

49. A likely intersectional hybrid in vaccinium (ericaceae) on san bruno mountain, san mateo county, california

Author:: Peter W. Fritsch; W. Brian Simison; Boni C. Cruz; Edward L. Schneider; Douglas D. Allshouse
Source:: Madroño 2021 v.67 no.4 pp. 190-210
ISSN:: 0024-9637
Subject:: DNA; calyx; hybridization; hybrids; internal transcribed spacers; leaf anatomy; California
Abstract:: ... A population of Vaccinium from San Bruno Mountain in San Mateo County, California has been confused with V. cespitosum Michx. (V. sect. Myrtillus), a species documented from the mountain, since its initial collection in 1961. These plants resemble V. cespitosum and other species in V. sect. Myrtillus in several characters, but differ most notably in their evergreen habit and well developed calyx l ...
DOI:: 10.3120/0024-9637-67.4.190
: https://doi.org/10.3120/0024-9637-67.4.190

50. Abalone Withering Syndrome Disease Dynamics: Infectious Dose and Temporal Stability in Seawater

Author:: Lisa M. Crosson; Nina S. Lottsfeldt; Mariah E. Weavil‐Abueg; Carolyn S. Friedman
Source:: Journal of aquatic animal health 2020 v.32 no.2 pp. 83-92
ISSN:: 0899-7659
Subject:: DNA; Haliotis rufescens; abalone; animal health; aquatic animals; bacteria; farms; feces; histology; juveniles; pathogens; protocols; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; risk; seawater; temperature; California
Abstract:: ... Withering syndrome (WS) is a chronic bacterial disease that affects numerous northeastern Pacific abalone Haliotis spp. The causative agent of WS is an obligate intracellular Rickettsiales‐like bacterium (WS‐RLO) that remains unculturable, thereby limiting our understanding of WS disease dynamics. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the temporal stability of WS‐RLO DNA outside of its ...
DOI:: 10.1002/aah.10102
: https://doi.org/10.1002/aah.10102

51. Cross-sectional evaluation of multiple epidemiological cycles of Leptospira species in peri-urban wildlife in California

Author:: Mary H. Straub; Janet E. Foley
Source:: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2020 v.257 no.8 pp. 840-848
ISSN:: 0003-1488
Subject:: Canis latrans; DNA; Leptospira interrogans; Procyon lotor; Puma concolor; Sciurus carolinensis; Urocyon cinereoargenteus; adults; agglutination tests; blood; cross-sectional studies; genes; genetic relationships; infectious diseases; kidneys; loci; necropsy; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; regression analysis; sequence analysis; seroprevalence; serotypes; skunks; urine; wildland-urban interface; wildlife; California
Abstract:: ... OBJECTIVE To perform a cross-sectional survey to estimate prevalence of and potential risk factors for Leptospira spp infection and exposure in peri-urban wildlife throughout California. ANIMALS 723 animals representing 12 wildlife species. PROCEDURES Blood and urine samples were obtained from wildlife in California from 2007 to 2017. Live animals were captured in humane traps, anesthetized, and r ...
DOI:: 10.2460/javma.257.8.840
: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.257.8.840

52. Differential Mortality and High Viral Load in Naive Pacific Oyster Families Exposed to OsHV-1 Suggests Tolerance Rather than Resistance to Infection

Author:: M. Victoria Agnew; Carolyn S. Friedman; Christopher Langdon; Konstantin Divilov; Blaine Schoolfield; Benjamin Morga; Lionel Degremont; Arun K. Dhar; Peter Kirkland; Brett Dumbauld; Colleen A. Burge
Source:: Pathogens 2020 v.9 no.12 pp. -
ISSN:: 2076-0817
Subject:: Crassostrea gigas; DNA; breeding programs; breeding stock; infection; juveniles; mass; mortality; objectives; oyster culture; oysters; pathogens; population; probability; risk reduction; viral load; California
Abstract:: ... Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, are one of the most productive aquaculture species in the world. However, they are threatened by the spread of Ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) and its microvariants (collectively “µvars”), which cause mass mortalities in all life stages of Pacific oysters globally. Breeding programs have been successful in reducing mortality due to OsHV-1 variants following viral ...
DOI:: 10.3390/pathogens9121057
: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9121057

53. First Report of Botrytis cinerea Causing Leaf Spot on Strawberry in California

Author:: S. Mansouripour; G. J. Holmes
Source:: Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.6 pp. 1866
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Botrytis cinerea; DNA; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Fragaria ananassa; agar; conidia; crown rot; cultivars; drying; foliar diseases; fruit growing; fruits; fungi; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; gray mold; heat shock proteins; humidity; inoculation methods; leaf spot; leaves; new geographic records; new host records; organic production; pathogenicity; pathogens; polymerase chain reaction; postharvest diseases; protected cultivation; sclerotia; sporulation; strawberries; California
Abstract:: ... On 29 October 2018, a leaf spot disease was observed on strawberry leaves (Fragaria × ananassa Duch., cultivar Portola) on organically grown plants in high plastic tunnels in Santa Maria, California. Symptoms consisted of circular lesions measuring 2 to 3 cm in diameter, concentric rings with a darker brown outer ring and fungal sporulation in the center of the lesion. The diseased leaf sample was ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1287-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1287-PDN

54. First Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae Causing Vascular Wilt of Lettuce in Florida

Author:: J. Murray; R. N. Raid; C. F. Miller; G. Sandoya-Miranda
Source:: Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.11 pp. 3069
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae; Fusarium wilt; Lactuca sativa; chlorosis; conidia; cultivars; culture media; death; discoloration; disease severity; dissection; greenhouses; industry; leaves; lettuce; mycelium; pathogenicity; sand; seeds; soil; tap roots; Arizona; California; Europe; Florida
Abstract:: ... Florida is the third largest producer of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in the United States. In March and April 2017, lettuce exhibiting signs of wilt and chlorosis was observed in commercial fields in Florida’s Everglade’s Agricultural Area, indicating infection with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (FOL). Affected fields were planted with the iceberg cultivar ‘Chosen’, and wilt incidence was as ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-12-19-2625-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-19-2625-PDN

55. First Report of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Causing Strawberry Fruit Rot in Florida

Author:: M. V. Marin; N. A. Peres
Source:: Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.12 pp. 3250
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Fragaria ananassa; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; apothecia; asci; ascospores; crown rot; cultivars; discoloration; disease incidence; eggs; fruits; inoculation methods; inoculum; internal transcribed spacers; mycelium; pathogenicity; pathogens; sclerotia; sensation; strawberries; vegetables; California; England; Florida; Israel; North Carolina; Scotland
Abstract:: ... During the 2019 to 2020 Florida strawberry season (October to April), a strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruit rot was observed in two fields (Plant City and Wimauma, FL) with up to 5% incidence on short-day cultivars Sensation Florida127 and Florida Brilliance. Symptoms on pink and ripe fruit consisted of softening, discoloration, watery rot with white fuzzy mycelium, and initial sclerotium forma ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-04-20-0879-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-20-0879-PDN

56. First Report of Stemphylium Leaf Spot of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) Caused by Stemphylium beticola in New York State

Author:: K. A. Spawton; M. McGrath; L. J. du Toit
Source:: Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.11 pp. 3068
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Beta vulgaris; DNA; Spinacia oleracea; agar; ambient temperature; calmodulin; chloramphenicol; conidia; cultivars; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; greenhouses; leaf spot; leaves; onions; organic production; pathogenicity; runoff; spinach; sugar beet; California; Germany; Italy; New York
Abstract:: ... In June 2019, leaf spots were observed throughout a 0.02-ha certified organic crop of the spinach cultivars Acadia and Kookaburra on Long Island, Suffolk Co., NY. Older leaves had tan, papery lesions, each ≤15 mm in diameter with a diffuse margin and dark spores in the center that were typical of Stemphylium. Symptomatic leaf sections from four Acadia plants were surface-sterilized with 0.6% NaOCl ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-02-20-0343-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-20-0343-PDN

57. First Report of the NA2 Clonal Lineage of Phytophthora ramorum in Indiana

Author:: C. M. Press; V. J. Fieland; T. Creswell; J. Bonkowski; L. Miles; N. J. Grünwald
Source:: Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.6 pp. 1875
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Phytophthora ramorum; Rhododendron; ampicillin; cellulose; certification; death; dieback; elicitors; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; genes; hosts; leaf blight; leaves; lectins; new geographic records; plant pathogenic fungi; polymerase chain reaction; quarantine; retail marketing; rifampicin; spring; stems; sudden oak death; summer; wilting; British Columbia; California; Indiana; Washington (state)
Abstract:: ... The oomycete pathogen Phytophthora ramorum is the causal agent of ramorum leaf blight and sudden oak death (Rizzo et al. 2002). P. ramorum is known to cause leaf blight and stem dieback on nursery hosts including Rhododendron. The disease typically results in dark, brownish lesions on leaves or stems, which can cause wilting and death of the plant (Grünwald et al. 2008; Werres et al. 2001). Since ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-12-19-2543-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-19-2543-PDN

58. Implementing Low-Cost, High Accuracy DNA Barcoding From Single Molecule Sequencing to Screen Larval Tephritid Fruit Flies Intercepted at Ports of Entry

Author:: Ivonne J. Garzón-Orduña; Scott M. Geib; Lisa Ledezma; Forest T. Bremer; Norman B. Barr
Source:: Annals of the Entomological Society of America 2020 v.113 no.4 pp. 288-297
ISSN:: 0013-8746
Subject:: DNA; DNA barcoding; Tephritidae; air transportation; fruit flies; fruits; introduced plants; California; Florida
Abstract:: ... Exotic fruit flies in the family Tephritidae pose a threat to U.S. agriculture and natural resources. As part of ongoing fruit fly detection and exclusion programs, invasive fruit fly adults are periodically trapped in and introduced populations are eradicated from two major fruit producing states: California and Florida. Although the pathways used by flies to enter these states are not clear, one ...
DOI:: 10.1093/aesa/saz071
: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saz071

59. Inoculum quantification of canker‐causing pathogens in prune and walnut orchards using real‐time PCR

Author:: Y. Luo; F.J.A. Niederholzer; D.G. Felts; R.D. Puckett; T.J. Michailides
Source:: Journal of applied microbiology 2020 v.129 no.5 pp. 1337-1348
ISSN:: 1364-5072
Subject:: Botryosphaeria dothidea; Cytospora; DNA; Diaporthe; Diplodia; Lasiodiplodia; Neofusicoccum; air; disease control; inoculum; orchards; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rain; spores; spring; trees; walnuts; wet season; winter; California
Abstract:: ... AIMS: A real‐time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was established to quantify the inoculum densities in the air and rainwater for six canker‐causing pathogen groups in prune and walnut orchards in California. METHODS AND RESULTS: The previously published DNA primers to target six pathogen groups including Botryosphaeria dothidea, Cytospora spp., Diplodia spp., Lasiodiplodia spp., Neofusicoccum spp. ...
DOI:: 10.1111/jam.14702
: https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14702

60. Investigation of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) DNA as an immunological and virological marker in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients

Author:: Bilal Olcay Peker; Aylin Erman Daloğlu; Irene Görzer; Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl; Ömür Mustafa Parkan; Hilal Akbaş; Gülen Tüysüz Kintrup; Derya Mutlu; Osman Alphan Küpesiz; Dilek Çolak
Source:: Microbial pathogenesis 2020 v.149 pp. 104397
ISSN:: 0882-4010
Subject:: Alphatorquevirus; DNA; cell transplantation; children; chronic diseases; genes; hematopoietic stem cells; immunosuppression; immunotherapy; patients; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; viral load; California
Abstract:: ... High viral loads are observed in Torque Teno Virus (TTV) infection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We aimed to analyze the kinetics of plasma TTV-DNA load in pediatric patients who received immunosuppressive therapy and developed infection complications in the first 100 days after HSCT.As a patient group; 113 plasma samples taken from 33 pediatric HSCT recipients at a time in ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104397
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104397

61. Mitochondrial Sequencing of Missing Persons DNA Casework by Implementing Thermo Fisher’s Precision ID mtDNA Whole Genome Assay

Author:: Daniela Cuenca; Jessica Battaglia; Michelle Halsing; Sandra Sheehan
Source:: Genes 2020 v.11 no.11 pp. -
ISSN:: 2073-4425
Subject:: DNA; forensic sciences; genes; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; ions; mitochondria; mixing; nucleotide sequences; people; California
Abstract:: ... The advent of massively parallel sequencing (MPS) in the past decade has opened the doors to mitochondrial whole-genome sequencing. Mitochondrial (mt) DNA is used in forensics due to its high copy number per cell and maternal mode of inheritance. Consequently, we have implemented the Thermo Fisher Precision ID mtDNA Whole Genome panel coupled with the Ion Chef™ and Ion S5™ for MPS analysis in the ...
DOI:: 10.3390/genes11111303
: https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11111303

62. Noninvasive Identification of Herpetofauna: Pairing Conservation Dogs and Genetic Analysis

Author:: Mark J. Statham; Deborah A. (Smith) Woollett; Susan Fresquez; Jerene Pfeiffer; Jonathan Richmond; Alice Whitelaw; Ngaio L. Richards; Michael F. Westphal; Benjamin N. Sacks
Source:: journal of wildlife management 2020 v.84 no.1 pp. 66-74
ISSN:: 0022-541X
Subject:: DNA; Gambelia sila; direct contact; endangered species; feces; genetic analysis; herpetofauna; lizards; polymerase chain reaction; sympatry; viability; wildlife; California
Abstract:: ... Noninvasive fecal sampling combined with genetic analysis is a technique allowing the study of elusive or otherwise difficult to monitor species without the need for direct contact. Although this method is widely used in birds and mammals, it has never been successfully applied on a large scale in reptiles. The blunt‐nosed leopard lizard (Gambelia sila) is an endangered species endemic to the San ...
DOI:: 10.1002/jwmg.21772
: https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21772

63. Overabundance of Black‐Tailed Deer in Urbanized Coastal California

Author:: Brett J. Furnas; Russ H. Landers; Rhonda G. Paiste; Benjamin N. Sacks
Source:: journal of wildlife management 2020 v.84 no.5 pp. 979-988
ISSN:: 0022-541X
Subject:: Canis latrans; DNA; Odocoileus hemionus; autumn; cameras; citizen science; deer; human-wildlife relations; humans; mules; road kills; summer; urbanization; wildlife; wildlife management; California
Abstract:: ... Abundance of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in western North America is often considered lower than desirable for hunting. Some coastal populations of Columbian black‐tailed deer (O. h. columbianus) in California, USA, near urban development, however, are perceived as a nuisance and may be overabundant. To determine the density of a potential nuisance population in Marin County, California, we us ...
DOI:: 10.1002/jwmg.21849
: https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21849

64. Phylogeny and Floral Character Evolution of Mentzelia Section Bicuspidaria (Loasaceae)

Author:: Joshua M. Brokaw; John J. Schenk; Jessica K. Devitt; Destiny J. Brokaw
Source:: Systematic botany 2020 v.45 no.2 pp. 306-314
ISSN:: 0363-6445
Subject:: DNA; Mentzelia; flower morphology; monophyly; paraphyly; statistical analysis; California; Mexico
Abstract:: ... Mentzelia section Bicuspidaria (Loasaceae) is a monophyletic group of desert ephemerals that inhabit the complex, heterogeneous landscapes of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. To investigate species circumscriptions and evolutionary relationships in M. sect. Bicuspidaria, we employed phylogeny reconstructions based on DNA sequences from the plastid trnL-trnF, trnS-trnfM, ndhF ...
DOI:: 10.1600/036364420X15862837791258
: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364420X15862837791258

65. Raccoons (Procyon lotor) and Striped Skunks (Mephitis mephitis) as Potential Reservoirs of Leptospira spp. in California

Author:: Mary H. Straub; Molly Church; Elle Glueckert; Janet E. Foley
Source:: Vector borne and zoonotic diseases 2020 v.20 no.6 pp. 418-426
ISSN:: 1557-7759
Subject:: DNA; Leptospira interrogans; Mephitis mephitis; Procyon lotor; adults; carnivores; dogs; dry season; hosts; human development; human diseases; humans; juveniles; kidneys; leptospirosis; polymerase chain reaction; serotypes; skunks; urine; wildland; California
Abstract:: ... Leptospirosis is a globally important, fatal disease of humans, and over 160 species of animals are associated with more than 250 bacterial serovars in 64 species, but its ecology varies regionally and has changed over time with expansion of human development on previously agricultural and wild land. Sporadic human cases and clusters of canine leptospirosis, primarily attributable to Leptospira in ...
DOI:: 10.1089/vbz.2019.2528
: https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2019.2528

66. Rickettsia spp. in Five Tick Species Collected in Central California

Author:: Cameron J. Osborne; Alya J. Wakeman-Hill; Steven E. Loa; Paul R. Crosbie; Tricia A. Van Laar
Source:: Journal of medical entomology 2020 v.57 no.5 pp. 1596-1603
ISSN:: 0022-2585
Subject:: DNA; Dermacentor occidentalis; Ixodes pacificus; Lyme disease; Ornithodoros; Rhipicephalus sanguineus; disease surveillance; endosymbionts; fever; medical entomology; monitoring; pathogenicity; pathogens; restriction fragment length polymorphism; species diversity; ticks; California
Abstract:: ... Tick-borne disease surveillance in North America has long focused on Lyme disease, though there is currently a significant shift towards comprehensive pathogen surveillance in ticks. Central California has often been overlooked in regular tick-borne pathogen surveillance despite the presence of numerous medically important tick species. The bacterial genus Rickettsia contains tick-borne species th ...
DOI:: 10.1093/jme/tjaa080
: https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa080

67. Survey of Serum Amyloid A and Bacterial and Viral Frequency Using qPCR Levels in Recently Captured Feral Donkeys from Death Valley National Park (California)

Author:: Sara Jerele; Eric Davis; Samantha Mapes; Nicola Pusterla; Francisco Javier Navas González; Carlos Iglesias Pastrana; Essam Mahmoud Abdelfattah; Amy McLean
Source:: Animals 2020 v.10 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:: 2076-2615
Subject:: DNA; Streptococcus equi subsp. equi; Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus; amyloid; asses; blood serum; body condition; disease transmission; equine influenza; genomics; national parks; nose; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rhinitis; risk; surveys; viruses; Arizona; California; Death Valley; Utah
Abstract:: ... Feral donkey removal from state land has raised concerns in terms of disease transmission between equine species. Disease outbreaks may occur as a result of the relocation of animals to new environments. Virus and bacteria DNA load and serum amyloid A derived from the pathogenic processes that they involve were measured in recently captured donkeys. Blood and nasal swabs were collected from 85 don ...
DOI:: 10.3390/ani10061086
: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10061086

68. Bovine dopamine type-2 receptor SNP has no effect on growth, semen characteristics and prolactin concentrations in beef bulls treated with a dopamine agonist

Author:: A.N. DeCarlo; K. Jennings; S.L. Pratt; C.R. Burnett; N.M. Long; W.C. Bridges; C. Kojima
Source:: Animal reproduction science 2019 v.207 no. pp. 73-82
ISSN:: 0378-4320
Subject:: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DNA; agonists; antibodies; beef bulls; blood sampling; blood serum; body condition; diet; dopamine; epididymis; ergot alkaloids; genes; genotype; genotyping; growth traits; immunohistochemistry; pellets; polymerase chain reaction; prolactin; radioimmunoassays; restriction fragment length polymorphism; semen quality; single nucleotide polymorphism; spermatozoa; testes; yearlings; California
Abstract:: ... A dopamine type-2 receptor (DRD2) SNP, previously found to be correlated with serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations in cattle, was evaluated for impact on growth traits, serum prolactin concentration, and semen quality. Over a four-year period, yearling beef bulls were allowed diets containing or lacking ergot alkaloids (EA). Every 21 or 28 d semen was collected for semen motility and morphology as ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.06.005
CHORUS:: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.06.005
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.06.005

69. Cobble community DNA as a tool to monitor patterns of biodiversity within kelp forest ecosystems

Author:: Peter Shum; Bryan T. Barney; Jennifer K. O’Leary; Stephen R. Palumbi
Source:: Molecular ecology resources 2019 v.19 no.6 pp. 1470-1485
ISSN:: 1755-098X
Subject:: Asteroidea; DNA; DNA barcoding; abalone; administrative management; algae; assays; coasts; coral reefs; databases; ecological communities; ecological imbalance; environmental surveys; extracts; kelp forests; light; marine protected areas; occurrence; species richness; California
Abstract:: ... Kelp forest ecosystems dominate 150,000 km of global temperate coastline, rivalling the coastal occurrence of coral reefs. Despite the astounding biological diversity and productive ecological communities associated with kelp forests, patterns of species richness and composition are difficult to monitor and compare. Crustose coralline algae are a critically important substrate for propagule settle ...
DOI:: 10.1111/1755-0998.13067
: https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13067

70. Cytochrome Oxidase I Sequences from Northern and Southern California Suggest Cryptic Baetis (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) Species

Author:: Natalie J. Stauffer-Olsen; Patrick M. O'Grady; Vincent H. Resh
Source:: Western North American naturalist 2019 v.79 no.2 pp. 204-218
ISSN:: 1527-0904
Subject:: Baetis; Bayesian theory; DNA; cryptic species; cytochrome-c oxidase; genes; genetic databases; genetic variation; geographical distribution; haplotypes; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; species diversity; tropics; California
Abstract:: ... The geographically widespread mayfly genus Baetis occurs from the subarctic to tropical regions of the world. Many of the 20 described Baetis species in North America are known to show cryptic species diversity. However, studies of Baetis that have examined morphology and genetic diversity have found mixed results in terms of cryptic species, with some studies indicating a complex of related speci ...
DOI:: 10.3398/064.079.0207
: https://doi.org/10.3398/064.079.0207

71. Detection and Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum VCG0114 (Race 4) Isolates of Diverse Geographic Origins

Author:: Alois A. Bell; Aixing Gu; Jim Olvey; Tanya A. Wagner; Javlon J. Tashpulatov; Sandria Prom; Jose Quintana; Robert L. Nichols; Jinggao Liu
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.8 pp. 1998-2009
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum; Gossypium barbadense; Gossypium hirsutum; Nematoda; cotton; cultivars; genes; germplasm; pathotypes; provenance; sequence analysis; transposons; virulence; California; China; Texas
Abstract:: ... A highly virulent cotton wilt pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum VCG0114 (race 4) was found in West Texas in 2017, after being known in California since 2001. Isolates obtained from wilted plants collected in 2017 from Texas, in 2015 from China, and during 2001 to 2014 from California and isolates from historical collections including the race 4 reference isolate were characterized by ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-09-18-1624-RE
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-18-1624-RE

72. Development and comparison of loop-mediated isothermal amplification and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays for the detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk

Author:: Sandra Appelt; Sharif S. Aly; Karen Tonooka; Kathy Glenn; Zhengyao Xue; Terry W. Lehenbauer; Maria L. Marco
Source:: Journal of dairy science 2019 v.102 no.3 pp. 1985-1996
ISSN:: 0022-0302
Subject:: Acholeplasma laidlawii; DNA; DNA-directed DNA polymerase; Mycoplasma alkalescens; Mycoplasma arginini; Mycoplasma bovigenitalium; Mycoplasma bovis; Mycoplasma californicum; RNA ligase (ATP); bovine mastitis; dairies; loop-mediated isothermal amplification; milk; nucleic acid annealing; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; temperature; transfer RNA; California
Abstract:: ... Bovine mastitis is an economic burden for dairies worldwide. Mycoplasma species, and especially Mycoplasma bovis, are among the most important causative agents, and rapid, precise, and low-cost methods for Mycoplasma detection are urgently needed. For this purpose, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays were developed and compared. The LAMP assay was desig ...
DOI:: 10.3168/jds.2018-15306
: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-15306

73. Development of a Genotyping Protocol for Mojave Desert Tortoise Scat

Author:: Anna Mitelberg; Amy G. Vandergast; Ken E. Nussear; Kirsten Dutcher; Todd C. Esque
Source:: Chelonian conservation and biology 2019 v.18 no.2 pp. 123-132
ISSN:: 1943-3956
Subject:: DNA; Gopherus agassizii; blood; feces; genetic analysis; genotype; genotyping errors; loci; mark-recapture studies; microsatellite repeats; monitoring; population genetics; siblings; statistical analysis; surveys; threatened species; tortoises; California; Mojave Desert; Nevada
Abstract:: ... Noninvasive fecal genotyping can be a useful tool for population monitoring of elusive species. We tested extraction protocols on scat samples from the threatened Mojave Desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii, to evaluate whether scat-based mark–recapture and population genetic monitoring studies are feasible.We extracted DNA from G. agassizii scat samples collected in California and Nevada using sev ...
DOI:: 10.2744/CCB-1394.1
: https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1394.1

74. Effects of Pellet Processing Parameters on Pellet Quality and Nursery Pig Growth Performance

Author:: Ashton D. Yoder; Charles R. Stark; Mike D. Tokach; Cassandra K. Jones
Source:: Transactions of the ASABE v.62 no.2 pp. 439-446
ISSN:: 2151-0032
Subject:: DNA; diet; durability; feed conversion; growth performance; mash; nutrient availability; phase transition; steam; swine; temperature; California
Abstract:: ... During the pelleting process, conditioning temperature can influence nutrient availability and pellet durability index (PDI). However, the impact of conditioning temperature on nursery pig growth performance is variable. Therefore, the objectives of two experiments were to: (1) compare moisture percentage among three pellet mill series, and (2) quantify growth performance differences in nursery pi ...
DOI:: 10.13031/trans.12987
: https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.12987

75. Endemic Skunk amdoparvovirus in free‐ranging striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) in California

Author:: Elle Glueckert; Deana L. Clifford; Maris Brenn‐White; Jennine Ochoa; Mourad Gabriel; Greta Wengert; Janet Foley
Source:: Transboundary and emerging diseases 2019 v.66 no.6 pp. 2252-2263
ISSN:: 1865-1674
Subject:: Carnivore amdoparvovirus 1; DNA; Martes; Mephitis mephitis; blood sampling; emerging diseases; epizootic diseases; habitats; histopathology; host specificity; indigenous species; mink; pneumonia; polymerase chain reaction; risk; skunks; sympatry; viruses; California
Abstract:: ... The genus Amdoparvovirus includes the newly discovered skunk amdoparvovirus and the well‐characterized Aleutian disease virus which causes significant health impacts in farmed mink worldwide. In 2010–2013, an outbreak of fatal amdoparvovirus‐associated disease was documented in free‐ranging striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) from the San Francisco Bay Area of California. To characterize the geogra ...
DOI:: 10.1111/tbed.13272
: https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13272

76. First Report of Aspergillus tubingensis Causing Strawberry Fruit Rot in California

Author:: Michael G. Palmer; Seyed Mojtaba Mansouripour; Kyle A. Blauer; Gerald J. Holmes
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.11 pp. 2948
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Aspergillus niger; Aspergillus tubingensis; Botrytis cinerea; DNA; DNA primers; Fragaria ananassa; agar; biotechnology; calmodulin; conidia; conidiophores; cultivars; culture media; farms; fruits; fungi; fungicides; genes; gray mold; internal transcribed spacers; mycelium; plant rots; polymerase chain reaction; sporulation; strawberries; tubulin; weather; California
Abstract:: ... As part of a Botrytis gray mold fungicide performance evaluation, 2,304 ripe strawberry fruit (Fragaria × ananassa Duch., cultivar Monterey) were picked from the field at the Cal Poly farm in San Luis Obispo and placed in incubation chambers to determine the amount of decay caused by Botrytis cinerea. Of these, five fruit (0.2%) developed black fungal sporulation on the surface. Each lesion was su ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-05-19-0978-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-19-0978-PDN

77. First Report of Grapevine Red Blotch Virus in Hybrid Grapes in Missouri

Author:: J. E. Schoelz; M. Adhab; W. Qiu; S. Petersen; D. Volenberg
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.2 pp. 379
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; DNA primers; Grapevine red blotch virus; Vitis; aluminum; coat proteins; cultivars; genes; germplasm; grapes; hybrids; leaves; nucleotide sequences; polymerase chain reaction; root cuttings; surveys; vines; vineyards; California; Indiana; Missouri
Abstract:: ... Grapevine red blotch is a relatively new disease of grapevines that was first described on ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ at the Oakville, CA, Research Field Station in 2008. A geminivirus, grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV, genus Grablovirus, family Geminiviridae), has consistently been isolated from symptomatic grapevines (Al Rwahnih et al. 2013), and Koch’s postulates have recently been fulfilled, proving ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-07-18-1202-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-18-1202-PDN

78. First Report of Macrophomina phaseolina Causing Trunk and Cordon Canker Disease of Grapevine in the United States

Author:: M. T. Nouri; G. Zhuang; C. M. Culumber; F. P. Trouillas
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.3 pp. 579
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Macrophomina phaseolina; Vitis vinifera; agar; ambient temperature; bark; canes; color; culture media; discoloration; drying; farms; fungi; genes; genetic databases; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; lactic acid; loci; mycelium; paper; pathogenicity; pathogens; petrolatum; ribosomal RNA; sclerotia; sodium hypochlorite; solar radiation; summer; table grapes; tubulin; vines; vineyards; wines; wood; California; Iran; Spain
Abstract:: ... In California, wine, raisin, and table grapes comprise over 897,000 acres, contributing over US$5.58 billion to California’s farm production in 2016 (California Department of Food and Agriculture 2016). Recently, a decline of approximately 100 vines in two raisin grape (Vitis vinifera L. ‘Selma Pete’) vineyards was observed in Fresno County during summer of 2016. Characteristic symptoms of Botryos ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-07-18-1189-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-18-1189-PDN

79. First Report of Neofusicoccum parvum Causing Branch Wilt in Phoebe zhennan in Sichuan Province, China

Author:: H. M. Y. Zhu; S. J. Li; T. H. Zhu
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.8 pp. 2135
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Neofusicoccum parvum; Phoebe zhennan; Prunus persica; Vitis; branches; fruit trees; fungal diseases of plants; host-pathogen relationships; new geographic records; new host records; peaches; phylogeny; plant pathogenic fungi; sequence alignment; walnuts; California; China; Greece; Peru; Sweden
Abstract:: ... Phoebe zhennan (Hemsl.) Yang is an evergreen broad-leaf, tall, grand tree with an open crown, dense foliage, and sweeping branches, commonly used for shade and landscaping in the urban areas of southern China. This tree is also suitable for hilly and mountainous areas, because it provides a good windbreak, anchors the soil, resists fire, and can also be used to build shelterbelts. A pest census by ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-08-18-1319-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-18-1319-PDN

80. First Report of Neofusicoccum parvum, Causal Agent of Dieback on ‘Hass’ Avocado Branches (Persea americana cv. Hass) in Atlixco, México

Author:: D. Becerra Morales; J. E. Corrales García; A. Almaraz Sánchez; V. Ayala Escobar; D. Nieto Angel
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.12 pp. 3283
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Neofusicoccum parvum; Persea americana; absorbents; avocados; bark; branches; color; conidia; culture media; dieback; flowers; fruit trees; fruits; fungi; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; mycelium; necrosis; orchards; paper; pathogenicity; pathogens; peptide elongation factors; polymerase chain reaction; pycnidia; sodium hypochlorite; spring; wilting; world markets; xylem; California; Central America; Mexico
Abstract:: ... Avocado (Persea americana cv. Hass) is a subtropical fruit native to Central America. Economically, it is considered the most important crop in Mexico, classifying the country as the largest producer, consumer, and exporter on the global market (Galindo-Tovar et al. 2007; Salazar et al. 2017). During February and March 2018, a 20% incidence of dieback on ‘Hass’ avocados was observed in several pro ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-10-18-1808-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-18-1808-PDN

81. First Report of Peronospora cf. mesembryanthemi on Ice Plants in the United States

Author:: M. Serdani; C. L. Blomquist; S. Rooney-Latham; M. K. Romberg; M. I. Gordon; M. S. Wiseman; M. L. Putnam
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.1 pp. 164
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; DNA primers; Delosperma; Mesembryanthemum; Peronospora; branching; conidia; conidiophores; cultivars; downy mildew; fungi; herbaria; holotypes; humidity; internal transcribed spacers; landscapes; leaves; oospores; pathogenicity; plant damage; sequence analysis; storage temperature; California; New Zealand; Oregon; South Africa; Washington (state)
Abstract:: ... In April and December 2015 and the following April and May, the Oregon State University (OSU) Plant Clinic received for diagnosis Delosperma ‘Ruby Jewel’ from a Washington nursery; dying Aptenia ‘Red Apple’ plants from multiple landscape plantings in San Diego Co., CA, where symptoms were widespread; Delosperma ‘Ruby Jewel’ from a nursery in Santa Cruz Co., CA; ‘Jewel of the Desert Topaz’ from a n ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-04-18-0561-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-18-0561-PDN

82. First Report of Phytophthora Root and Bulb Rot Caused by Phytophthora cryptogea on Shallot in the United States

Author:: S. T. Koike; H. Stanghellini; S. J. Mauzey; A. Burkhardt; M. S. Stanghellini
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.6 pp. 1436
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Allium cepa var. aggregatum; Allium hierochuntinum; DNA; NADH dehydrogenase; Phytophthora cactorum; Phytophthora cryptogea; ampicillin; bleaching agents; bulbs; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; color; corn meal; cytochrome-c oxidase; fungal diseases of plants; inoculum; lactic acid; leaves; loci; mycelium; pathogenicity; plant pathogenic fungi; quintozene; rifampicin; roots; saprophytes; soil; sporangia; spring; tissues; tubulin; California; France; Switzerland
Abstract:: ... In spring 2018, commercially grown shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum [= A. ascalonicum L.], cv. Ambition) in a field in San Benito County, CA, showed symptoms of an undescribed disease. Plants were stunted and chlorotic. As the disease developed, leaves turned tan and collapsed, bulbs were substandard in size and quality, and some plants died. Roots were sparse, brown, and necrotic. Bulbs re ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-11-18-2085-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-18-2085-PDN

83. First Report of Phytopythium helicoides Causing Root Rot on Peach Rootstock in California

Author:: G. T. Browne; N. J. Ott; E. Fichtner
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.11 pp. 2968
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Avena sativa; DNA; DNA primers; Prunus dulcis; Prunus persica; Pythium irregulare; Pythium ultimum; agar; almonds; ampicillin; corn meal; cortex; cytochrome-c oxidase; genes; hyphae; inoculum; internal transcribed spacers; juices; necrosis; oats; orchards; pasteurization; pathogenicity; pathogens; peaches; peat; planting; polymerase chain reaction; potting mix; quintozene; ribosomal RNA; rifampicin; root rot; roots; rootstocks; sand; seedlings; sequence analysis; soil; trees; vermiculite; California
Abstract:: ... Nemaguard peach has been used widely as a rootstock for commercial almond and peach orchards in California, and several Pythium and Phytopythium species have been associated with Prunus orchard replant growth suppression in the state (Bent et al. 2009; Hendrix et al. 1966; Hine 1961; Schmidt and Browne 2013; Yang et al. 2012). Still, among these oomycetes, pathogenicity on rootstocks for almond or ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-09-18-1697-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-18-1697-PDN

84. First Report of Sclerotinia Crown Rot Caused by Sclerotinia minor on Hemp

Author:: S. T. Koike; H. Stanghellini; S. J. Mauzey; A. Burkhardt
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.7 pp. 1771
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: Cannabis sativa; DNA; DNA primers; Sclerotinia minor; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; corn meal; crown rot; disease incidence; ethanol; hemp; lactic acid; leaves; mycelium; pathogenicity; roots; sand; sclerotia; soil; species identification; stems; summer; temperature; California
Abstract:: ... In summer 2018, commercial field grown hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) plants in San Benito County, CA, showed signs of a disease. Leaves initially wilted and turned dark green. Foliage eventually dried up completely. The base of the plant crown in contact with soil supported the growth of white to gray mycelium and small (0.5 to 3 mm diameter), irregularly shaped, black sclerotia. Crown tissue beneath ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-01-19-0088-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-19-0088-PDN

85. First Report of a Rust Disease Caused by Uromyces sp. on Suaeda californica in California

Author:: W. L. Bruckart; J. L. Thomas; R. D. Frederick; M. C. Aime; M. Abbasi
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.7 pp. 1784
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: DNA; Salsola tragus; Suaeda; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Uromyces; biological control; biological control agents; confidence interval; dew; disease incidence; estuaries; greenhouses; halophytes; host range; indigenous species; leaves; plant pathogenic fungi; risk; rust diseases; stems; teliospores; urediniospores; weeds; California
Abstract:: ... Suaeda californica (Amaranthaceae, California seablite) is a halophyte that grows at the tide line of Morro Bay and parts of the San Francisco Bay estuary in California. Because it is listed as “endangered,” S. californica has been included in the host range determination of Uromyces salsolae, which is under consideration for biological control of Salsola tragus (Amaranthaceae, Russian thistle). I ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-09-18-1690-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-18-1690-PDN

86. First Report of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii’ Associated with a Witches’ Broom Disease in Cannabis sativa in Nevada, U.S.A.

Author:: X. Feng; M. Kyotani; S. Dubrovsky; A.-L. Fabritius
Source:: Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.7 pp. 1763
ISSN:: 0191-2917
Subject:: 16SrI (Aster yellows group); 16SrV (Elm yellows group); Cannabis sativa; DNA; alfalfa; chlorosis; discoloration; gels; genes; growth retardation; leaf curling; nucleotide sequences; oligodeoxyribonucleotides; petioles; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; restriction fragment length polymorphism; ribosomal RNA; sequence homology; California; Nevada
Abstract:: ... In September 2018, symptoms including leaf curling, mottling, chlorosis, witches’ broom, stunting, and node shortening were detected in Cannabis sativa L. plants at two growing sites in Central and Southern Nevada, U.S.A., respectively. Incidence of the disease varied between 5 and 20% at the growing site in Central Nevada, and 30% of plants were affected at the growing site in Southern Nevada. Sy ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PDIS-01-19-0098-PDN
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-19-0098-PDN

87. Genetic and phenotypic variation of Phytophthora crassamura isolates from California nurseries and restoration sites

Author:: Laura L. Sims; Cameron Chee; Tyler Bourret; Shannon Hunter; Matteo Garbelotto
Source:: Fungal biology 2019 v.123 no.2 pp. 159-169
ISSN:: 1878-6146
Subject:: DNA; Phytophthora megasperma; cytochrome-c oxidase; haplotypes; hosts; internal transcribed spacers; intraspecific variation; mefenoxam; mitochondria; oogonia; pathogenicity; phenotype; phenotypic variation; wildland; California; Italy
Abstract:: ... Phenotypic and sequence data were used to characterize 28 isolates resembling Phytophthora megasperma from 14 host species in 2 plant production facilities and 10 restoration sites across the San Francisco Bay Area (California; USA). Size of the oogonia and DNA sequences (nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX 1)) were compared, and sensitiv ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.funbio.2018.11.012
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2018.11.012

88. Genome‐wide analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms reveal the consequences of traditional mass‐rearing on genetic variation in Aphytis melinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae): the danger of putting all eggs in one basket

Author:: Marco Gebiola; Jeffrey W Streicher; Paul F Rugman‐Jones; Joseph G Morse; Richard Stouthamer
Source:: Pest management science 2019 v.75 no.11 pp. 3102-3112
ISSN:: 1526-498X
Subject:: Aonidiella aurantii; Aphytis melinus; Aspidiotus nerii; DNA; alleles; biological control agents; data collection; eggs; empirical research; genetic variation; genome-wide association study; genomics; heterozygosity; hosts; inbreeding; insectaries; integrated pest management; mass rearing; phenotype; population dynamics; single nucleotide polymorphism; California; Pakistan
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Aphytis melinus DeBach (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) is a highly effective biocontrol agent of the California red scale Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae). It is commercially reared and used for augmentative releases within integrated pest management programs. However, mass rearing of biocontrol agents can result in population bottlenecks and high levels of inbreeding ...
DOI:: 10.1002/ps.5427
: https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5427

89. Individual field-collected glassy-winged sharpshooter vectors harbor sequences from two Xylella fastidiosa subspecies

Author:: Drake C. Stenger; Lindsey P. Burbank; Rodrigo Krugner; Mark S. Sisterson
Source:: European journal of plant pathology 2019 v.155 no.1 pp. 329-338
ISSN:: 0929-1873
Subject:: Citrus; DNA; DNA barcoding; Homalodisca vitripennis; Pierce's disease; Xylella fastidiosa; competitive exclusion; essential genes; foregut; genotype; genotyping; homologous recombination; horizontal gene transfer; hosts; inoculum; insects; orchards; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; single nucleotide polymorphism; sympatry; vines; vineyards; California
Abstract:: ... During 2016 and 2017, glassy-winged sharpshooters (GWSS; Homalodisca vitripennis) collected from vineyards with a known history of Pierce’s disease or nearby citrus orchards in Kern County, California were assessed for presence of Xylella fastidiosa by quantitative PCR using total DNA samples extracted from GWSS heads. Conventional PCR products for three X. fastidiosa housekeeping genes (petC, leu ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10658-019-01742-x
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-019-01742-x

90. Influence of a climatic gradient on genetic exchange between two oak species

Author:: Dylan O. Burge; V. Thomas Parker; Margaret Mulligan; Victoria L. Sork
Source:: American journal of botany 2019 v.106 no.6 pp. 864-878
ISSN:: 0002-9122
Subject:: DNA; Quercus dumosa; botany; climate; evolution; gene flow; genetic recombination; genotype; phenotype; California
Abstract:: ... PREMISE: In plant groups with limited intrinsic barriers to gene flow, it is thought that environmental conditions can modulate interspecific genetic exchange. Oaks are known for limited barriers to gene flow among closely related species. Here, we use Quercus as a living laboratory in which to pursue a fundamental question in plant evolution: Do environmental gradients restrict or promote genetic ...
DOI:: 10.1002/ajb2.1315
: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1315

91. Life History and Distributional Information for Three Species of Periploca Braun, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae) Inhabiting Juniperus spp. (Cupressaceae) Berries in the Western U.S.

Author:: Kirk C. Tonkel; Lindsay A. Dimitri; Brian G. Rector; William S. Longland; Veronica S. Kirchoff
Source:: Pan-Pacific entomologist 2019 v.95 no.1 pp. 37-46
ISSN:: 0031-0603
Subject:: Cosmopterigidae; DNA; Juniperus occidentalis; Juniperus osteosperma; adults; arthropod communities; arthropods; ecosystems; host-parasitoid relationships; immatures; landscapes; larvae; life history; mortality; moths; nucleotide sequences; parasitoids; rearing; screening; seed damage; small fruits; surveys; California; Nevada; Utah
Abstract:: ... Expansion of native junipers, Juniperus Linnaeus (Cupressaceae), is altering landscapes in the western U.S., prompting extensive management efforts to counter this spread and the negative effects on impacted ecosystems. Our studies investigating sources of seed mortality in western juniper, Juniperus occidentalis Hooker; Utah juniper, Juniperus osteosperma (Torrey) Little); and California juniper, ...
Handle:: 10113/6375303
DOI:: 10.3956/2019-95.1.37
: https://doi.org/10.3956/2019-95.1.37

92. Metabarcoding and machine learning analysis of environmental DNA in ballast water arriving to hub ports

Author:: William A. Gerhard; Claudia K. Gunsch
Source:: Environment international 2019 v.124 pp. 312-319
ISSN:: 0160-4120
Subject:: Bacteroidia; DNA; DNA barcoding; Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; alpha-Proteobacteria; artificial intelligence; ballast water; biomarkers; discriminant analysis; indicator species; invasive species; microbiome; ribosomal RNA; seawater; surveys; California; China; Singapore; South Africa
Abstract:: ... While ballast water has long been linked to the global transport of invasive species, little is known about its microbiome. Herein, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabarcoding to perform the most comprehensive microbiological survey of ballast water arriving to hub ports to date. In total, we characterized 41 ballast, 20 harbor, and 6 open ocean water samples from four world ports (Shanghai ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.12.038
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.12.038

93. Microbial Ecology of the Western Gull (Larus occidentalis)

Author:: Susan Cockerham; Becky Lee; Rachael A. Orben; Robert M. Suryan; Leigh G. Torres; Pete Warzybok; Russell Bradley; Jaime Jahncke; Hillary S. Young; Cleber Ouverney; Scott A. Shaffer
Source:: Microbial ecology 2019 v.78 no.3 pp. 665-676
ISSN:: 0095-3628
Subject:: Actinobacteria; Bacteroidetes; DNA; Firmicutes; Larus; Proteobacteria; bacteria; beak; bird diseases; breeding; cloaca; coasts; feet; human population; immunity; metabolism; microbial communities; microbiome; mortality; ribosomal RNA; seabirds; sequence analysis; surveys; virulent strains; California; Oregon
Abstract:: ... Avian species host diverse communities of microorganisms which have important roles in the life of birds, including increased metabolism, protection from disease, and immune system development. Along with high human populations and a diversity of human uses of coastal zones, anthropogenic food sources are becoming increasingly available to some species, including gulls. Anthropogenic associations ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00248-019-01352-4
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-019-01352-4

94. Phylogenomics and multigene phylogenies decipher two new cryptic marine algae from California, Gelidium gabrielsonii and G. kathyanniae (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta)

Author:: Ga Hun Boo; Jeffery R. Hughey
Source:: Journal of phycology 2019 v.55 no.1 pp. 160-172
ISSN:: 0022-3646
Subject:: DNA; Gelidium; algae; coasts; cryptic species; genes; littoral zone; mitochondrial genome; monophyly; new species; nucleotide sequences; plastid genome; sequence analysis; surveys; California; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:: ... Molecular surveys are leading to the discovery of many new cryptic species of marine algae. This is particularly true for red algal intertidal species, which exhibit a high degree of morphological convergence. DNA sequencing of recent collections of Gelidium along the coast of California, USA, identified two morphologically similar entities that differed in DNA sequence from existing species. To c ...
DOI:: 10.1111/jpy.12802
: https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12802

95. Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 and Salmonella spp. in solid bovine manure in California using real‐time quantitative PCR

Author:: Z. Chen; S. Biswas; P. Aminabadi; J.W. Stackhouse; M.T. Jay‐Russell; P.K. Pandey
Source:: Letters in applied microbiology 2019 v.69 no.1 pp. 23-29
ISSN:: 0266-8254
Subject:: DNA; Escherichia coli O157; Salmonella; bacteria; cattle manure; dairy farming; pathogen occurrence; pathogens; public health; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; risk; seasonal variation; soil amendments; surveys; California
Abstract:: ... The occurrence of Escherichia coli O157 and Salmonella spp. in solid bovine manure was investigated through a multi‐county survey in California. Solid bovine manure samples (n = 91) were collected from 13 dairy farms located in multiple counties in California between June 2016 and August 2017. To quantify pathogens, DNA was extracted from bacteria in manure samples. Afterwards, the prevalence and ...
DOI:: 10.1111/lam.13156
: https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13156

96. Rangewide tidewater goby occupancy survey using environmental DNA

Author:: Michael Sutter; Andrew P. Kinziger
Source:: Conservation genetics 2019 v.20 no.3 pp. 597-613
ISSN:: 1566-0621
Subject:: DNA; Eucyclogobius newberryi; coasts; endangered species; estuaries; fish; models; monitoring; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; surveys; California
Abstract:: ... Rangewide monitoring of fish species is critical for determining status and trends in distribution; however, implementations of large-scale distribution surveys have generally been constrained by time and cost. This study used environmental DNA (eDNA) to monitor the presence or absence of two endangered tidewater goby species, the northern tidewater goby (Eucyclogobius newberryi) and the southern ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10592-019-01161-9
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-019-01161-9

97. Using the Distinct Population Segment (DPS) Concept to Protect Fishes with Low Levels of Genomic Differentiation: Conservation of an Endemic Minnow (Hitch)

Author:: Jason Baumsteiger; Matthew Young; Peter B. Moyle
Source:: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 2019 v.148 no.2 pp. 406-416
ISSN:: 0002-8487
Subject:: Cyprinidae; DNA; Endangered Species Act of 1973; Salmonidae; data collection; freshwater; genetic variation; genomics; lakes; population structure; California
Abstract:: ... In the United States, the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973 was enacted to conserve species that are endangered or threatened throughout all or a portion of their range. The definition of “species” includes subspecies and distinct population segments (DPSs). Among freshwater fishes, the use of DPS designations has largely been restricted to salmonids, although the DPS concept is increasingly ap ...
DOI:: 10.1002/tafs.10144
: https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10144

98. Ancient DNA evidence for the regional trade of bear paws by Chinese diaspora communities in 19th-century western North America

Author:: J. Ryan Kennedy; Leland Rogers; Frederika A. Kaestle
Source:: Journal of archaeological science 2018 v.99 pp. 135-142
ISSN:: 0305-4403
Subject:: Chinese people; DNA; Ursus arctos; animal products; archaeology; food availability; genetic markers; markets; models; trade; wild animals; Alberta; British Columbia; California
Abstract:: ... This study presents the results of ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis of a bear paw bone recovered from the Market Street Chinatown, a 19ᵗʰ-century Chinese community in San José, California. This analysis reveals that this bone derived from a Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) sharing genetic markers found only in Brown Bear populations living in southwestern Alberta and southeastern British Columbia, Canada. The ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.jas.2018.09.005
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2018.09.005

99. Assessment of the order Rhodymeniales (Rhodophyta) from British Columbia using an integrative taxonomic approach reveals overlooked and cryptic species diversity

Author:: Gina V. Filloramo; Gary W. Saunders
Source:: Botany 2018 v.96 no.6 pp. 359-383
ISSN:: 1916-2804
Subject:: Botryocladia; DNA; Fryeella; cryptic species; genetic analysis; new combination; new species; nucleotide sequences; species diversity; uncertainty; British Columbia; California
Abstract:: ... Molecular-assisted alpha taxonomy using COI-5P and rbcL-3P was employed to reassess species diversity for the Rhodymeniales (Rhodophyta) in British Columbia. A total of 563 collections from British Columbia were resolved as 16 genetic species groups, whereas 13 were previously reported. Collections attributed to Botryocladia pseudodichotoma from British Columbia were resolved as distinct from coll ...
DOI:: 10.1139/cjb-2017-0143
: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2017-0143

100. Atypical chlamydiaceae in wild populations of hawks (buteo spp.) in california

Author:: Charlene Luján-Vega; Michelle G. Hawkins; Christine K. Johnson; Christopher Briggs; Chris Vennum; Peter H. Bloom; Joshua M. Hull; Carolyn Cray; Denise Pesti; Lisa Johnson; Paula Ciembor; Branson R. Ritchie
Source:: Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine 2018 v.49 no.1 pp. 108-115
ISSN:: 1937-2825
Subject:: Buteo jamaicensis; Buteo swainsoni; Chlamydia; DNA; DNA fragmentation; Ondatra zibethicus; agglutination tests; antibodies; birds of prey; cross reaction; epidemiology; fledglings; fluorescent antibody technique; genes; genotype; hares; hawks; hosts; immunoglobulin Y; juveniles; melting; nucleotide sequences; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; sequence analysis; serology; California
Abstract:: ... Chlamydiaceae bacteria infect many vertebrate hosts, and previous reports based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and serologic assays that are prone to cross-reaction among chlamydial organisms have been used to describe the prevalence of either DNA fragments or antibodies to Chlamydia spp. in wild raptorial populations. This study reports the PCR-based prevalence of Chlamydiaceae DNA tha ...
DOI:: 10.1638/2017-0053R.1
: https://doi.org/10.1638/2017-0053R.1

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1. Characterization of Colletotrichum Isolates Causing Colletotrichum Dieback of Citrus in California

2. Characterization of the Soil Bacterial Community from Selected Boxwood Gardens across the United States

3. Detection and Isolation of Rickettsia tillamookensis (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) From Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) From Multiple Regions of California

4. Development of PCR-Based Assays for Rapid and Reliable Detection and Identification of Canker-Causing Pathogens from Symptomatic Almond Trees

5. Development of a 95 SNP panel to individually genotype mountain lions (Puma concolor) for microfluidic and other genotyping platforms

6. Diagnostics of the peach root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne floridensis using multiplex real-time PCR

7. The Effect of Temperature on Disease Severity and Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii Races 2 and 4 in Celery

8. First Report of Botrytis cinerea Causing Leaf Spot on Strawberry in Florida

9. First Report of Cucurbit Chlorotic Yellows Virus Infecting Watermelon and Zucchini in the Canary Islands, Spain

10. First Report of Dieback Caused by Phytophthora ramorum on Golden Chinquapin, Chrysolepis chrysophylla, in California

11. First Report of Fusarium annulatum Associated with Young Vine Decline in California

12. First Report of Fusarium falciforme (FSSC 3 + 4) Causing Rot of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa) in California

13. First Report of Fusarium petroliphilum Causing Fruit Rot of Spaghetti Squash in California

14. First Report of Leaf Rust on Blackberry (Rubus spp.) Caused by Kuehneola uredinis in Florida

15. The Genomics and Population Genomics of the Light Brown Apple Moth, Epiphyas postvittana, an Invasive Tortricid Pest of Horticulture

16. Habitat‐linked genetic variation supports microgeographic adaptive divergence in an island‐endemic bird species

17. Lifestyle, mating type and mitochondrial genome features of the plant pathogen Calonectria hawksworthii (Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) as revealed by genome analyses

18. Phylogeography and population genetics reveal ring species patterns in a highly polymorphic California lily

19. Robustness of fecal DNA spatial capture‐recapture to clustered space‐use by tule elk

20. Two new hairy Leptogium (Collemataceae) species from western North America

21. A field sentinel study investigating withering syndrome transmission dynamics in California abalones

22. Application of ddPCR for detection of Enterococcus spp. in coastal water quality monitoring

23. Correlation between genetic variation in thymine DNA glycosylase and smoking behavior

24. Detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae by Using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

25. Detection of spores of causal fungi of dieback-type trunk diseases in young, asymptomatic vineyards and mature, symptomatic vineyards

26. Estimating Abundance of Desert Mule Deer Using Fecal DNA–Based Capture-Recapture

27. Estimation of conservation unit and population contribution to Chinook salmon mixed-stock fisheries in British Columbia, Canada, using direct DNA sequencing for single nucleotide polymorphisms

28. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Fruit Rot on Fig (Ficus carica) in Pakistan

29. First Report of Alternaria japonica, a Causal Agent of Black Spot, on Kale in South Carolina, U.S.A.

30. First Report of Macrophomina Crown Rot Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina on Basil in the United States

31. First Report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum Causing Stem Canker on Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) in Puerto Rico

32. First Report of Phytophthora Root Rot Caused by Phytophthora cryptogea on Field-Grown Lettuce in California

33. First Report of Pythium myriotylum Causing Root Rot in Cannabis sativa in California

34. First Report of Pythium ultimum Causing Crown Rot in Greenhouse-Grown Cannabis sativa in California

35. First Report of Seimatosporium vitifusiforme Causing Trunk Disease in Chilean Grapevines (Vitis vinifera)

36. First Reports of Phytophthora ramorum Clonal Lineages NA1 and EU1 Causing Sudden Oak Death on Tanoaks in Del Norte County, California

37. Fungal mycelial mats used as textile by indigenous people of North America

38. Identification of Grapevine Pinot gris virus in Free-Living Vitis spp. Located in Riparian Areas Adjacent to Commercial Vineyards

39. Incidence of Asiatic Citrus Canker on Trifoliate Orange and Its Hybrid Accessions in a Florida Field Planting

40. Inter- and Intra-Continental Genetic Variation in the Generalist Conifer Wood Saprobic Fungus Phlebiopsis gigantea

41. Macroecological patterns of resource use in resident and migratory hummingbirds

42. Plague vaccines: new developments in an ongoing search

43. Population structure of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) from Northern California to Alaska using single nucleotide polymorphisms from direct amplicon sequencing

44. Presence of a cryptic Onchocerca species in black flies of northern California, USA

45. Quantification of the Aflatoxin Biocontrol Strain Aspergillus flavus AF36 in Soil and in Nuts and Leaves of Pistachio by Real-Time PCR

46. Range-wide assessment of a SNP panel for individualization and geolocalization of bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum Pursh)

47. Testing small‐scale ecological gradients and intraspecific differentiation for hundreds of kelp forest species using haplotypes from metabarcoding

48. Use of ITS-1 to Identify Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera occipitalis (Diptera: Tephritidae): A Case Study Using Flies Trapped in California from 2008 to 2018

49. A likely intersectional hybrid in vaccinium (ericaceae) on san bruno mountain, san mateo county, california

50. Abalone Withering Syndrome Disease Dynamics: Infectious Dose and Temporal Stability in Seawater

51. Cross-sectional evaluation of multiple epidemiological cycles of Leptospira species in peri-urban wildlife in California

52. Differential Mortality and High Viral Load in Naive Pacific Oyster Families Exposed to OsHV-1 Suggests Tolerance Rather than Resistance to Infection

53. First Report of Botrytis cinerea Causing Leaf Spot on Strawberry in California

54. First Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae Causing Vascular Wilt of Lettuce in Florida

55. First Report of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Causing Strawberry Fruit Rot in Florida

56. First Report of Stemphylium Leaf Spot of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) Caused by Stemphylium beticola in New York State

57. First Report of the NA2 Clonal Lineage of Phytophthora ramorum in Indiana

58. Implementing Low-Cost, High Accuracy DNA Barcoding From Single Molecule Sequencing to Screen Larval Tephritid Fruit Flies Intercepted at Ports of Entry

59. Inoculum quantification of canker‐causing pathogens in prune and walnut orchards using real‐time PCR

60. Investigation of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) DNA as an immunological and virological marker in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients

61. Mitochondrial Sequencing of Missing Persons DNA Casework by Implementing Thermo Fisher’s Precision ID mtDNA Whole Genome Assay

62. Noninvasive Identification of Herpetofauna: Pairing Conservation Dogs and Genetic Analysis

63. Overabundance of Black‐Tailed Deer in Urbanized Coastal California

64. Phylogeny and Floral Character Evolution of Mentzelia Section Bicuspidaria (Loasaceae)

65. Raccoons (Procyon lotor) and Striped Skunks (Mephitis mephitis) as Potential Reservoirs of Leptospira spp. in California

66. Rickettsia spp. in Five Tick Species Collected in Central California

67. Survey of Serum Amyloid A and Bacterial and Viral Frequency Using qPCR Levels in Recently Captured Feral Donkeys from Death Valley National Park (California)

68. Bovine dopamine type-2 receptor SNP has no effect on growth, semen characteristics and prolactin concentrations in beef bulls treated with a dopamine agonist

69. Cobble community DNA as a tool to monitor patterns of biodiversity within kelp forest ecosystems

70. Cytochrome Oxidase I Sequences from Northern and Southern California Suggest Cryptic Baetis (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) Species