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1. Depauperate soil fungal populations from the St. Helena endemic Commidendrum robustum are dominated by Capnodiales

Author:
A.P. Detheridge; S. Cherrett; L.A. Clasen; K. Medcalf; S. Pike; G.W. Griffith; J. Scullion
Source:
Fungal ecology 2020 v.45 pp. 100911
ISSN:
1754-5048
Subject:
Asteraceae; Basidiomycota; Capnodiales; DNA barcoding; Ehrharta; community structure; deforestation; environmental DNA; flora; fungal communities; grasses; hosts; indigenous species; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; loci; mycorrhizal fungi; organic matter; pH; plant communities; plantations; ribosomal DNA; soil; Saint Helena
Abstract:
... The island of St Helena is small and over 1900 km from the nearest continental landmass. A unique flora, including five endemic genera of Asteraceae, developed on the island. Plant communities have changed radically since ca. 1550, with deforestation and introduction of continental species leading to extinctions and large reductions in the range and abundance of endemic species. One of these speci ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.funeco.2020.100911

2. Limited evidence for the use of livestock for the conservation management of exotic plant cover

Author:
David J. Eldridge; Ian Oliver; James Val; Samantha K. Travers
Source:
Australian journal of botany 2020 v.68 no.2 pp. 137-145
ISSN:
0067-1924
Subject:
Ehrharta; cattle; equations; grasses; indigenous species; introduced plants; nitrogen; rabbits; sheep; Australia
Abstract:
... Livestock grazing has been used for conservation management in some situations to reduce exotic plant cover, but supporting empirical evidence is scant. This is particularly true for eastern Australian semiarid woodlands and forests. We surveyed 451 sites across three broad semiarid vegetation communities (cypress pine, black box, red gum) in eastern Australia to examine the effects of recent and ...
DOI:
10.1071/BT19183

3. Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 8

Author:
Eckhard Von Raab-Straube; Thomas Raus
Source:
Willdenowia 2017 v.47 no.3 pp. 293-309
ISSN:
1868-6397
Subject:
Alcea; Allium; Botrychium; Bromus; Cerastium; Chamaemelum; Crepis; Ehrharta; Erigeron; Eucalyptus; Juncus; Lactuca; Matricaria; Ornithogalum; Orobanche; Papaver; Scrophulariaceae; Willdenowia; new combination
Abstract:
... This is the eighth of a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to both the Med-Checklist and the Euro+Med (or Sisyphus) projects are presented. This instalment deals with the families Ophioglossaceae, Amaryllidaceae (incl. Alliaceae), Asparagaceae (incl. Hyacinthaceae),Caryophyllaceae, Compositae, Gramineae, Juncaceae, Malvaceae, Myrtace ...
DOI:
10.3372/wi.47.47311

4. First record of Ehrharta longiflora Sm. (Poaceae, Ehrharteae) for South America

Author:
Joel Calvo; Andrés Moreira-Muñoz
Source:
Check list 2018 v.14 no.2 pp. 475-478
ISSN:
1809-127X
Subject:
Ehrharta; grasses; Chile
Abstract:
... Ehrharta longiflora Sm. (Poaceae) is recorded for the first time in South America. A few naturalized populations were located in disturbed areas of Valparaíso (Central Chile). A brief taxonomic discussion, images and a location map of the new record of this African grass are provided here. ...
DOI:
10.15560/14.2.475

5. Impacts and Best Management Practices for Erect Veldtgrass (Ehrharta erecta)

Author:
Courtenay A. Ray; Joel J. Sherman; Anna L. Godinho; Nikki Hanson; Ingrid M. Parker
Source:
Invasive plant science and management 2018 v.11 no.1 pp. 40-48
ISSN:
1939-747X
Subject:
Clinopodium; Ehrharta; best management practices; community structure; forests; glyphosate; habitats; indigenous species; invasive species; labor; perennials; pesticide application; plants (botany); regrowth; species diversity; understory; vegetation cover; California
Abstract:
... Erect veldtgrass (Ehrharta erecta Lam.) is an invasive grass actively spreading in California that is capable of invading multiple habitats. Our objective is to contribute to a better understanding of the ecology, impacts, and potential for control of E. erecta in order to guide management practices. In a mixed-evergreen forest in Santa Cruz County, we measured impacts of E. erecta on native plant ...

6. Rathayibacter toxicus, Other Rathayibacter Species Inducing Bacterial Head Blight of Grasses, and the Potential for Livestock Poisonings

Author:
Murray Timothy D.; Schroeder Brenda K.; Schneider William L.; Luster Douglas G.; Sechler Aaron; Rogers Elizabeth E.; Subbotin Sergei A.
Source:
Phytopathology 2017 v.107 no.7 pp. 804-815
ISSN:
0031-949X
Subject:
Ehrharta; Lolium; Nematoda; Rathayibacter toxicus; bacteriophages; common names; crops; death; diagnostic techniques; galls; grasses; grazing; head blight; herbaria; livestock; plant pathogenic bacteria; polysaccharides; seizures; toxicity; toxins; Australia; South Africa; United States
Abstract:
... Rathayibacter toxicus, a Select Agent in the United States, is one of six recognized species in the genus Rathayibacter and the best known due to its association with annual ryegrass toxicity, which occurs only in parts of Australia. The Rathayibacter species are unusual among phytopathogenic bacteria in that they are transmitted by anguinid seed gall nematodes and produce extracellular polysaccha ...
DOI:
10.1094/PHYTO-02-17-0047-RVW

7. Ergot species of the Claviceps purpurea group from South Africa

Author:
Elna J. van der Linde; Kamila Pešicová; Sylvie Pažoutová; Eva Stodůlková; Miroslav Flieger; Miroslav Kolařík
Source:
Fungal biology 2016 v.120 no.8 pp. 917-930
ISSN:
1878-6146
Subject:
Brachypodium; Cenchrus; Claviceps purpurea; Ehrharta; Fimbristylis; Stipa; anamorphs; ergot; ergot alkaloids; invasive species; loci; montane forests; mountains; new species; surveys; South Africa
Abstract:
... Results of a survey and study of the Claviceps purpurea group of species in South Africa are being presented and five new species are described. Morphological descriptions are based on the anamorphs and four nuclear genetic loci. Claviceps fimbristylidis sp. nov. on Fimbristylis complanata was discovered wide-spread across five provinces of the country associated with water and represents the four ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.funbio.2016.05.006

8. Reductions in native grass biomass associated with drought facilitates the invasion of an exotic grass into a model grassland system

Author:
Anthony Manea; Daniel R. Sloane; Michelle R. Leishman
Source:
Oecologia 2016 v.181 no.1 pp. 175-183
ISSN:
0029-8549
Subject:
C3 plants; Ehrharta; biomass production; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; colonizing ability; drought; grasses; grasslands; indigenous species; introduced plants; invasive species; plant available water; reproductive performance; risk; seeds; woodlands; Australia
Abstract:
... The invasion success of exotic plant species is often dependent on resource availability. Aspects of climate change such as rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration and extreme climatic events will directly and indirectly alter resource availability in ecological communities. Understanding how these climate change-associated changes in resource availability will interact with one another to influence ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00442-016-3553-1

9. Association of the pitch canker pathogen Fusarium circinatum with grass hosts in commercial pine production areas of South Africa

Author:
Cassandra L Swett; Bernice Porter; Gerda Fourie; Emma T Steenkamp; Thomas R Gordon; Michael J Wingfield
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 161-166
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Briza maxima; DNA; Ehrharta; Fusarium circinatum; Pinus; Pseudotsuga menziesii; disease occurrence; endophytes; forests; fungi; grasses; host range; hosts; inoculum; nucleotide sequences; pathogens; plantations; sanitation; virulence; California; South Africa
Abstract:
... The pitch canker pathogen, Fusarium circinatum , has major impacts on production in pine nurseries and plantations in South Africa. Thus far, efforts to reduce local spread have focused on rouging of infected pines and sanitation to eliminate local sources of inoculum. Although the host range of F. circinatum was thought to be limited to pines and Douglas-fir, recent studies in California indicate ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.916087

10. Additions to the rust fungi of South Africa

Author:
Reinhard Berndt; Alan R. Wood
Source:
Mycological progress 2012 v.11 no.2 pp. 483-497
ISSN:
1617-416X
Subject:
Aecidium; Antidesma; Asteraceae; Cardiospermum halicacabum; Cliffortia; Combretum; Cyperus; Dietelia; Ehrharta; Euphorbiaceae; Hibiscus; Phakopsora; Puccinia; Pucciniastrum; Sphaerophragmium; Uredo; Uromyces; Ziziphus; fungi; new combination; new host records; new species; South Africa
Abstract:
... This paper presents new species, combinations, national reports and host records for the South African rust fungi (Uredinales/Pucciniales). Endophyllum mpenjatiense on cf. Hibiscus sp. (Malvaceae), Phakopsora combretorum (anamorph Uredo combreticola) on the new host Combretum apiculatum (Combretaceae) and Uredo sekhukhunensis on Ziziphus mucronata (Rhamnaceae) are described as new species. Dieteli ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11557-011-0764-z

11. Altering Light Availability to Restore Invaded Forest: The Predictive Role of Plant Traits

Author:
Funk, Jennifer L.; McDaniel, Sierra
Source:
Restoration ecology 2010 v.18 no.6 pp. 865-872
ISSN:
1061-2971
Subject:
interspecific variation; Coprosma; canopy; shade tolerance; Pennisetum clandestinum; seedlings; understory; leaves; planting; indigenous species; stress tolerance; invasive species; photosynthesis; chlorophyll; Metrosideros polymorpha; Acacia koa; Ehrharta; forests
Abstract:
... Many studies have demonstrated that reduced light availability, which can be manipulated at local scales by planting or seeding canopy species, can curtail the growth of invasive species and promote the growth of native species. Species differences in functional traits, such as light use and stress tolerance, may be used to determine how native and invasive species will respond to these resource m ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00515.x

12. Bridal Creeper (Asparagus asparagoides)–Invaded Sites with Elevated Levels of Available Soil Nutrients: Barrier to Restoration

Author:
Turner, Peter J.; Scott, John K .; Spafford, Helen
Source:
Invasive plant science and management 2011 v.4 no.2 pp. 212-222
ISSN:
1939-7291
Subject:
Ehrharta; biological control; grasses; greenhouse experimentation; indigenous species; invasive species; nutrient content; nutrients; phosphorus; shrubs; soil nutrients; soil types; surveys; weeds; Australia
Abstract:
... Bridal creeper has become a serious environmental weed in southern Australia. Historically the invaded areas had low soil nutrient levels. However, our field surveys indicate that soils in bridal creeper–invaded areas have higher phosphorus and iron levels than soils in nearby native reference areas regardless of the proximity to agriculture or other disturbances. A glasshouse experiment was under ...
DOI:
10.1614/IPSM-D-10-00032.1

13. Limitations to seedling establishment in a mesic Hawaiian forest

Author:
Julie S. Denslow; Amanda L. Uowolo; R. Flint Hughes
Source:
Oecologia 2006 v.148 no.1 pp. 118-128
ISSN:
0029-8549
Subject:
Acacia; Ehrharta; Sophora; canopy; cattle; forests; grasses; grazing; ground vegetation; invasive species; logging; plant communities; seedlings; shade tolerance; sheep; shrubs; understory; Hawaii (island)
Abstract:
... While invasive species may be visible indicators of plant community degradation, they may not constitute the only, or even the primary, limitation to stand regeneration. We used seed-augmentation and grass-removal experiments under different canopy conditions to assess the relative importance of dispersal limitation, resource availability, and competition on seedling establishment in the understor ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00442-005-0342-7

14. Nitrogen availability and weed invasion in a remnant native woodland in urban Melbourne

Author:
Bidwell, S.; Attiwill, P.M.; Adams, M.A.
Source:
Austral ecology 2006 v.31 no.2 pp. 262-270
ISSN:
1442-9985
Subject:
Ehrharta; Romulea rosea; air pollution; anthropogenic activities; drainage channels; indigenous species; nitrate reductase; nitrogen; overland flow; weeds
Abstract:
... The woodlands of Studley Park, and the greater Yarra Bend Park, are within 4 km of the centre of the city of Melbourne and total more than 200 ha. Weeds are major contributors to the loss of diversity of native species. We examined the hypothesis that an increase in the availability of nitrogen (N) may be responsible for the increase in weed abundance. In a small field trial, nitrogen availability ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1442-9993.2006.01575.x

15. Testing the adaptive nature of radiation: growth form and life history divergence in the African grass genus Ehrharta (Poaceae: Ehrhartoideae)

Author:
Verboom, G.A.; Linder, H.P.; Stock, W.D.
Source:
American journal of botany 2004 v.91 no.9 pp. 1364-1370
ISSN:
0002-9122
Subject:
Ehrharta; adaptive radiation; drought; flowering; grasses; habitats; leaves; life history; mature plants; plant architecture; seedling growth; seedlings; soil; South Africa
Abstract:
... In most documented examples of adaptive radiation, the processes underlying divergence in form and function are poorly explored and remain speculative. Here, data from a comparative seedling growth experiment are used to explore growth form divergence in Ehrharta, a group of grasses that radiated in seasonally arid environments of the Cape region of South Africa. Seedlings of eight Ehrharta specie ...
DOI:
10.3732/ajb.91.9.1364
PubMed:
21652369