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1.  Antibiotic resistance of enterococci, coagulase negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat

Author:
N.E. Yurdakul; Z. Erginkaya; E. Ünal
Source:
Czech Journal of Food Sciences v.31 no.1 pp. 14-19
ISSN:
1805-9317
Subject:
Enterococcus; Staphylococcus aureus; antibiotic resistance; chicken meat; chloramphenicol; ciprofloxacin; disk diffusion antimicrobial test; erythromycin; tetracycline; vancomycin
Abstract:
... We determined the antibiotic resistance of enterococci, coagulase negative staphylococci, and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat samples. The antibiotic resistance of the isolated strains was estimated by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method (according to the NCCLS document M2-A9 suggestions). It was found that all strains of Enterococcus spp. were resistant to tetracycline, 75% of ...
DOI:
10.17221/58/2012-cjfs

2. 16S rRNA genes Illumina sequencing revealed differential cecal microbiome in specific pathogen free chickens infected with different subgroup of avian leukosis viruses

Author:
Xinxin Ma; Qi Wang; Hongmei Li; Chuantian Xu; Ning Cui; Xiaomin Zhao
Source:
Veterinary microbiology 2017 v.207 pp. 195-204
ISSN:
0378-1135
Subject:
Avian leukosis virus; Bacteroidetes; Enterococcus; Erysipelotrichaceae; Helicobacteraceae; Staphylococcus; Weissella; abdomen; chickens; chicks; genes; intestinal microorganisms; microbiome; pathogens; ribosomal RNA; secondary infection; specific pathogen-free animals; viremia; viruses
Abstract:
... Intestinal flora play important roles in the pathogenisis of many pathogens. This study examined the cecal microbiome of chickens infected with avian leukosis virus (ALV) using 16S rRNA genes Illumina sequencing. One-day-old specific pathogen free chicks were inoculated in the abdomen with subgroup J or K of ALV. At 21-day-old, chickens positive for ALV viremia were selected and their cecal conten ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.05.016

3. 16S ribosomal RNA-based gut microbiome composition analysis in infants with breast milk jaundice

Author:
Miao Duan; Jialin Yu; Jinxing Feng; Yu He; Sa Xiao; Danping Zhu; Zhihui Zou
Source:
Open life sciences 2018 v.13 no.1 pp. 208-216
ISSN:
2391-5412
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; DNA; Enterococcus; Escherichia; Shigella; agar gel electrophoresis; bioinformatics; breast feeding; breast milk; case-control studies; digestive system; feces; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; infants; intestinal microorganisms; jaundice; polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA
Abstract:
... This case-control study investigated an association between breast milk jaundice (BMJ) and infants’ gut microbiome. The study included determination of the diversity of the gut microbiome and identification of bacterial genera associated with BMJ. The study population consisted of 12 infants with BMJ and 22 breastfed infants without jaundice (control). DNA collected from feces was analyzed by PCR ...
DOI:
10.1515/biol-2018-0025

4. 454 pyrosequencing reveals changes in the faecal microbiota of adults consuming Lactobacillus casei Zhang

Author:
Jiachao Zhang; Lifeng Wang; Zhuang Guo; Zhihong Sun; Qimu Gesudu; Laiyu Kwok;   Menghebilige; Heping Zhang
Source:
FEMS microbiology ecology 2014 v.88 no.3 pp. 612-622
ISSN:
0168-6496
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Clostridium; Enterococcus; Lactobacillus casei; Phascolarctobacterium; Prevotella; Propionibacterium; Serratia; Shewanella; Shigella; feces; fermented milk; humans; intestinal microorganisms; longitudinal studies; probiotics; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; sequence analysis
Abstract:
... Probiotics are believed to help to maintain a healthy balance of the human gut microbiota. Lactobacillus casei Zhang (LcZ) is a novel potential probiotic isolated from the naturally fermented food koumiss. To better understand the impact of this potential probiotic on human intestinal microbiota, 24 subjects were randomly recruited for a longitudinal study: the subjects were required to consume Lc ...
DOI:
10.1111/1574-6941.12328

5. Ability of Hand Hygiene Interventions Using Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers and Soap To Reduce Microbial Load on Farmworker Hands Soiled during Harvest

Author:
Anna Fabiszewski De Aceituno; Faith E. Bartz; Domonique Watson Hodge; David J. Shumaker; James E. Grubb; James W. Arbogast; Jorge Davila-Avina; Fabiola Venegas; Norma Heredia; Santos Garcia; Juan S. Leon
Source:
Journal of food protection 2015 v.78 no.11 pp. 2024-2032
ISSN:
0362-028X
Subject:
Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; FDA Food Safety Modernization Act; Food and Drug Administration; absorbance; coliform bacteria; farm labor; farms; foodborne illness; geometry; hand washing; hands; harvesting; hygiene; indicator species; microbial contamination; microbial load; pathogens; pumice; sanitizers; soil; tomatoes; United States
Abstract:
... Effective hand hygiene is essential to prevent the spread of pathogens on produce farms and reduce foodborne illness. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration Food Safety Modernization Act Proposed Rule for Produce Safety recommends the use of soap and running water for hand hygiene of produce handlers. The use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer (ABHS) may be an effective alternative hygiene interventio ...
DOI:
10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-102

6. Abiotic and biotic changes at the basin scale in a tropical dry forest landscape after Hurricanes Jova and Patricia in Jalisco, Mexico

Author:
Marco Antonio Tapia-Palacios; Omar García-Suárez; Jesús Sotomayor-Bonilla; Miguel Atl Silva-Magaña; Gustavo Pérez-Ortíz; Ana Cecilia Espinosa-García; Miguel Alfonso Ortega-Huerta; Carlos Díaz-Ávalos; Gerardo Suzán; Marisa Mazari-Hiriart
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2018 v.426 pp. 18-26
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Chiroptera; Enterococcus; basins; biocenosis; biogeography; coasts; coliform bacteria; community structure; databases; dry forests; electrical conductivity; global change; habitats; hurricanes; land use; landscapes; livestock; monitoring; river water; rivers; rodents; small mammals; soil properties; vegetation cover; vegetation index; vegetation structure; water quality; watersheds; Mexico
Abstract:
... Given the current evidence of global change, extreme events are projected to be more frequent and intense. At a river basin scale, the immediate effects of hurricanes include changes in soil properties, vegetation structure and composition, and water volume and quality, which lead to changes in species distribution and community structure. The goal of this study was to identify key abiotic and bio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2017.10.015

7. Absolute Quantification of Enterococcal 23S rRNA Gene Using Digital PCR

Author:
Wang Dan; Yamahara Kevan M.; Cao Yiping; Boehm Alexandria B.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2016 v.50 no.7 pp. 3399-3408
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
DNA; DNA fragmentation; Enterococcus; United States Environmental Protection Agency; calcium; confidence interval; genes; humic acids; monitoring; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; regression analysis; ribosomal RNA; water quality
Abstract:
... We evaluated the ability of chip-based digital PCR (dPCR) to quantify enterococci, the fecal indicator recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for water-quality monitoring. dPCR uses Poisson statistics to estimate the number of DNA fragments in a sample with a specific sequence. Underestimation may occur when a gene is redundantly encoded in the genome and multiple ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b05747

8. Absolute configuration and antibiotic activity of neosartorin from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatiaffinis

Author:
Antonius R.B. Ola; Abdessamad Debbab; Amal H. Aly; Attila Mandi; Ilka Zerfass; Alexandra Hamacher; Matthias U. Kassack; Heike Brötz-Oesterhelt; Tibor Kurtan; Peter Proksch
Source:
Tetrahedron letters 2014 v.55 pp. 1020-1023
ISSN:
0040-4039
Subject:
Aspergillus; Bacillus subtilis; Enterococcus; Gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; antibacterial properties; chemical structure; circular dichroism spectroscopy; endophytes; eukaryotic cells; fungi; inhibitory concentration 50; minimum inhibitory concentration; neoplasms; organic compounds; stereoisomerism; toxicity
Abstract:
... Neosartorin (1) was isolated from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatiaffinis. The absolute configuration of 1, including both axial and central chirality elements, was established as (aR,5S,10R,5′S,6′S,10′R) for the first time on the basis of its electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra aided with TDDFT–ECD calculations. Neosartorin (1) exhibited substantial antibacterial activity agains ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.12.070

9. Abundance of Naegleria fowleri in roof-harvested rainwater tank samples from two continents

Author:
Monique Waso; Penelope Heather Dobrowsky; Kerry Ann Hamilton; Geoffrey Puzon; Haylea Miller; Wesaal Khan; Warish Ahmed
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2018 v.25 no.6 pp. 5700-5710
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; Naegleria fowleri; dose response; genes; indicator species; microbiological risk assessment; models; nitrogen content; pathogens; public health; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rain; risk; secondary infection; Queensland; South Africa
Abstract:
... Roof-harvested rainwater (RHRW) has been used as an alternative source of water in water scarce regions of many countries. The microbiological and chemical quality of RHRW has been questioned due to the presence of bacterial and protozoan pathogens. However, information on the occurrence of pathogenic amoeba in RHRW tank samples is needed due to their health risk potential and known associations w ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-017-0870-9

10. Accelerating the process of solar disinfection (SODIS) by using polymer bags

Author:
Sergio Gutiérrez‐Alfaro; Asunción Acevedo; Manuel Figueredo; Matthias Saladin; Manuel A Manzano
Source:
Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 2017 v.92 no.2 pp. 298-304
ISSN:
0268-2575
Subject:
Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; bags; bottles; disinfection; ethylene-vinyl acetate; polyamides; polyethylene; polyethylene terephthalates; polypropylenes; solar radiation; wastewater; water treatment
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is a point‐of‐use water treatment that consists of exposing microbiologically‐contaminated water in plastic bottles to sunlight. Replacing bottles with bags can accelerate the SODIS process, reduce the costs of transport and distribution, improve usability and facilitate its promotion, especially in emergencies. This work evaluated the solar disinfectio ...
DOI:
10.1002/jctb.5005

11. Accumulated sediments in a detention basin: chemical and microbial hazard assessment linked to hydrological processes

Author:
C. Sébastian; S. Barraud; S. Ribun; A. Zoropogui; D. Blaha; C. Becouze-Lareure; G. Lipeme Kouyi; B. Cournoyer
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2014 v.21 no.8 pp. 5367-5378
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; Nocardia; bacteria; chemical analysis; health hazards; heavy metals; hydrology; indicator species; organic matter; particle size; pathogens; polychlorinated biphenyls; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sediments; watersheds
Abstract:
... Accumulated sediments in a 32,000-m³detention basin linked to a separate stormwater system were characterized in order to infer their health hazards. A sampling scheme of 15 points was defined according to the hydrological behaviour of the basin. Physical parameters (particle size and volatile organic matter content) were in the range of those previously reported for stormwater sediments. Chemical ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-013-2397-z
PubMed:
24337992

12. Accumulation of Clinically Relevant Antibiotic-Resistance Genes, Bacterial Load, and Metals in Freshwater Lake Sediments in Central Europe

Author:
Devarajan Naresh; Laffite Amandine; Graham Neil D.; Meijer Maria; Prabakar Kandasamy; Mubedi Josué I.; Elongo Vicky; Mpiana Pius T.; Ibelings Bastiaan Willem; Wildi Walter; Poté John
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.11 pp. 6528-6537
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas; antibiotic resistance; aquatic environment; ecosystems; effluents; eutrophication; freshwater; genes; genetic markers; horizontal gene transfer; hospitals; indicator species; lakes; metals; microbial load; organic matter; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; sediment contamination; sediments; wastewater treatment; water quality; Central European region; Lake Geneva
Abstract:
... Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) receive the effluents from various sources (communities, industrial, and hospital effluents) and are recognized as reservoir for antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) that are associated with clinical pathogens. The aquatic environment is considered a hot-spot for horizontal gene transfer, and lake sediments offer the opportunity for reconstructing the pollution his ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b01031

13. Acid phosphatase activity in freshwater ecosystems of western Cuba and its relationship with water quality

Author:
Jeny Adina Larrea-Murrell; Beatriz Romeu-Alvarez; Daysi Lugo-Moya; Marcia María Rojas-Badía
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2022 v.233 no.2 pp. 57
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; acid phosphatase; air; ammonium; chemical oxygen demand; chlorophyll; electrical conductivity; enzyme activity; freshwater; heat tolerance; heterotrophs; nitrates; nutrient content; oxygen; pH; rivers; soil pollution; temperature; tropics; water quality; Cuba
Abstract:
... Enzyme activity plays an important role in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. It is sensitive to changes in environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, and nutrient concentration. The objective of this work was to determine the acid phosphatase activity (AcPA) in the Almendares and San Juan rivers (western Cuba) and its relationship with physicochemical and microbiological indicators. Fo ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-022-05514-y

14. Acquisition and persistence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria isolated from dogs and cats admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital

Author:
Hamilton, Elizabeth; Kruger, John M.; Schall, WIlliam; Beal, Matthew; Manning, Shannon D.; Kaneene, John B.
Source:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2013 v.243 no.7 pp. 990-1000
ISSN:
0003-1488
Subject:
nose; Staphylococcus aureus; medicine; antibiotic resistance; cats; dogs; multiple drug resistance; Enterococcus; disease control; longitudinal studies; multilocus sequence typing; control methods; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; risk factors; methicillin; bacteria; Escherichia coli
Abstract:
... Objective-To assess antimicrobial resistance among bacteria isolated from dogs and cats admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital (VTH), determine the incidence of acquisition of and frequency of persistent colonization by antimicrobial-resistant organisms among these animals, and identify risk factors associated with these variables. Design-Prospective longitudinal study. Animals-622 dogs and 92 ...
DOI:
10.2460/javma.243.7.990

15. Action mechanism of 6, 6′-dihydroxythiobinupharidine from Nuphar japonicum, which showed anti-MRSA and anti-VRE activities

Author:
Shinya Okamura; Eri Nishiyama; Tomohiro Yamazaki; Nao Otsuka; Shoko Taniguchi; Wakano Ogawa; Tsutomu Hatano; Tomofusa Tsuchiya; Teruo Kuroda
Source:
BBA - General Subjects 2015 v.1850 pp. 1245-1252
ISSN:
0304-4165
Subject:
DNA; DNA replication; DNA topoisomerase; DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing); Enterococcus; Nuphar; antibiotic resistance; bacteria; chemical structure; cross resistance; inhibitory concentration 50; mechanism of action; methicillin; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; minimum inhibitory concentration; multiple drug resistance; new drugs; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; quinolones; vancomycin
Abstract:
... Multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE), cause serious infections at clinical sites, for which the development of new drugs is necessary. We screened candidates for new antibiotics and investigated its action mechanism.An antimicrobial compound was isolated from an extract of Nuphar japonicum. Its chemical ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.02.012

16. Activities of clindamycin, synercid, telithromycin, linezolid, and mupirocin against gram-positive coccal strains resistant to erythromycin in korea

Author:
Ae -Ran Kwon; Eun -Jeong Yoon; Jong -Min Yoon; Hyunjee Kim; Mi -Ja Shim; Eung -Chil Choi
Source:
Archives of pharmacal research 2007 v.30 no.7 pp. 840-843
ISSN:
0253-6269
Subject:
Enterococcus; Streptococcus; antibacterial properties; clindamycin; coagulase negative staphylococci; hospitals; linezolid; telithromycin
Abstract:
... The antibacterial activities of clindamycin, synercid, telithromycin, linezolid and mupirocin were evaluated against erythromycin-resistant Gram-positive coccal clinical isolates collected in Korean hospitals. InStaphylococcus aureus, synercid, linezolid and mupirocin were the most active agents. Against coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), synercid, linezolid and mupirocin were also active. Te ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF02978834

17. Acute toxic effect of sewage effluent on the early life phase of an estuarine crab Scylla serrata

Author:
Manickavalli Gurunadhan Ragunathan
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2017 v.24 no.20 pp. 16927-16932
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; Scylla serrata; bioassays; coliphages; correlation; crabs; developmental toxicity; environmental health; estuaries; indicator species; larvae; larval development; sewage; sewage effluent; sewage treatment; wastewater treatment; water quality
Abstract:
... The biological quality of secondary treated sewage effluent was evaluated using a toolbox approach, which combined a larval developmental bioassay and measurement of fecal indicator organisms. The zoea developmental toxicity of Scylla serrata from stage I to stage II was determined by exposing to a range of secondary treated sewage concentrations. Results indicated that the relative progress of zo ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-017-9196-x

18. Adding an essential oil blend to the diet of juvenile Nile tilapia improves growth and alters the gut microbiota

Author:
Micheli Zaminhan-Hassemer; Gustavo Botton Zagolin; Caio Augusto Perazza; David Aciole Barbosa; Fabiano B. Menegidio; Luiz Lehmann Coutinho; Polyana Tizioto; Alexandre Wagner Silva Hilsdorf
Source:
Aquaculture 2022 v.560 pp. 738581
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Acinetobacter; Bacteroidetes; Enterococcus; Fusobacteria; Lactobacillus zeae; Oreochromis niloticus; Pseudomonas; Staphylococcus; Synechococcus; Verrucomicrobia; aquaculture; bacterial communities; carvacrol; diet; discriminant analysis; essential oils; experimental design; feed conversion; fish; growth performance; intestinal microorganisms; juveniles; models; species diversity; thymol; weight gain
Abstract:
... In aquaculture, essential oils are considered promising supplements that can improve productive performance and modulate the fish's microbiota. Here we investigate how a blend of essential oils (carvacrol + thymol + cinnamaldehyde acid) affects the productive performance and the intestinal microbiota of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Thai strain). All fish were randomly distributed ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738581

19. Addition of citrus pulp and apple pomace in diets for dogs: influence on fermentation kinetics, digestion, faecal characteristics and bacterial populations

Author:
Sebastián Brambillasca; Alejandro Britos; Carolina Deluca; Martín Fraga; Cecilia Cajarville
Source:
Archives of animal nutrition 2013 v.67 no.6 pp. 492-502
ISSN:
1477-2817
Subject:
Citrus; Clostridium; Enterococcus; Lactobacillus; aerobes; anaerobes; apple pomace; apples; citrus pulp; coliform bacteria; defecation; diet; digestibility; digestion; dogs; fermentation; gas production (biological); hindgut; lactic acid bacteria; pH; pet foods
Abstract:
... Fermentation kinetics, digestibility, faecal characteristics and bacterial populations (aerobes, anaerobes, lactobacilli, lactic acid bacteria, enterococci, coliforms and clostridia) of dog food mixed with citrus pulp and apple pomace were evaluated. The in vitro gas production of a pre-digested dog food mixed with 0, 30, 50 and 70 g/kg dry matter (DM) of citrus pulp or apple pomace was measured, ...
DOI:
10.1080/1745039X.2013.857079

20. Addressing uncertainty in fecal indicator bacteria dark inactivation rates

Author:
Andrew D. Gronewold; Luke Myers; Jenise L. Swall; Rachel T. Noble
Source:
Water research 2011 v.45 no.2 pp. 652-664
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; animals; environmental factors; estuaries; human health; indicator species; least squares; most probable number technique; pathogens; risk; rivers; statistical models; surface water; uncertainty; water quality; wells; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Assessing the potential threat of fecal contamination in surface water often depends on model forecasts which assume that fecal indicator bacteria (FIB, a proxy for the concentration of pathogens found in fecal contamination from warm-blooded animals) are lost or removed from the water column at a certain rate (often referred to as an “inactivation” rate). In efforts to reduce human health risks i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.029
PubMed:
20843534