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... This study aims to identify miRNAs and their potential targets involved in regulating the defense response of cotton verticillium wilt in different resistant Gossypium hirsutum varieties. RNA libraries and degradome libraries from control samples and infected roots of G. hirsutum (resistant cotton variety ‘Zhongmian-49’ and susceptible cotton variety ‘Junmian-1’) were constructed. High-throughput ...
Gossypium hirsutum; biodiversity; computer software; cotton; cultivars; genetic distance; genetic structure; genetic variation; germplasm; kinship; phylogeny; population structure; principal component analysis; China
Abstract:
... Genetic diversity, kinship and population genetic structure analyses of Gossypium hirsutum germplasm can provide a better understanding of the origin and evolution of G. hirsutum biodiversity. In this study, adopt 273 elite upland cotton cultivar accessions collected from around the world, and especially from China to get 1,313,331 SNP molecular markers, it were used to construct a phylogenetic tr ...
... Gossypium hirsutum is an important source of natural textile fibers. Gossypol, which is a sesquiterpenoid compound mainly existing in the cotton pigment glands, can facilitate resistance to the stress from diseases and pests. The level of gossypol in the cotton is positively correlated to the quantity of pigment glands. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of gossypol synthesis and gland ...
... Field studies were conducted in Alabama in 2016 and 2017 to determine the effect of postemergence applications of glufosinate alone and glufosinate applied with S-metolachlor, using two different nozzle types, on LibertyLink®, XtendFlex®, and WideStrike® cotton growth and yield. Two applications of glufosinate at 0.6 kg ha–¹, and glufosinate with S-metolachlor at 1.39 kg ha–¹ were applied to each ...
Gossypium hirsutum; cultivars; fiber quality; genomics; haplotypes; phenotype; population structure; principal component analysis; yields; China
Abstract:
... Foundation parents play a critical role in the genetic constituents of the derived genotypes. Deltapine-15 (DLP-15), introduced to China in 1950, is one of the most commonly used parents for early breeding programs in China. However, the formation and inheritance patterns of genomic constituents have not been studied. Therefore, this study aimed at understanding and exploring the genomic architect ...
... BACKGROUND: Verticillium wilt of cotton is a serious disease caused by the infection of soil borne fungus Verticillium dahliae Kleb, and the infection mechanisms may involve the regulation of phytohormone ethylene. The precursor of ethylene biosynthesis is 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), whose biosynthesis in vivo depends on activation of ACC synthase (ACS). Here, we investigated how ...
... Ozone is the most reactive and toxic gas in the troposphere which affects agricultural productivity and causes global food crisis. Ozone enters in plants through the stomatal opening and overproduces ROS, which damages proteins, membrane lipids, and carbohydrates, affecting plant development and reduces yield. Presented study was conducted to measure the effect of ozone on morphophysiology of cott ...
... Cotton plant has two physiological development periods which are vegetative and generative periods. The activities of urease, dehydrogenase, glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes in the soil continue during the growth of plants. In this study, three different fertilizer sources (diammonium phosphate (DAP), vermicompost and manure) and two cotton varieties (Candia and Lima) were used in non- ...
Mohan Venkata Siva Prasad Bandi; S. L. Bhattiprolu; V. Prasanna Kumari; V. Manoj Kumar; V. Divyamani; A. K. Patibanda; K. Jayalalitha; D. V. Sai Ram Kumar
... Target spot with unusual symptoms was observed in upland cotton at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India, in 2017. Symptoms appeared about 60 to 65 days after planting with minute pinhead-sized light orange to brick red spots that gradually expanded as circular to oval or irregular concentric spots and finally became target spots with a yellow halo. These s ...
Yi Zhu; Gregory N. Thyssen; Abdelraheem Abdelraheem; Zonghua Teng; David D. Fang; Johnie N. Jenkins; Jack C. McCarty; Tom Wedegaertner; Kater Hake; Jinfa Zhang
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum; Fusarium wilt; Gossypium hirsutum; chromosomes; cotton; cultivars; genes; genome-wide association study; genomics; meta-analysis; phenotype
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE: A major QTL conferring resistance to Fusarium wilt race 4 in a narrow region of chromosome D02 was identified in a MAGIC population of 550 RILs of Upland cotton. Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the genetic basis of Fusarium wilt (FW, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, FOV) resistance using bi-parental and association mapping populations in cotton. In ...
Gonzalo J. Scarpin; Pablo N. Dileo; H. Martin Winkler; Antonela E. Cereijo; Fernando G. Lorenzini; Roxana A. Roeschlin; Robertino J. Muchut; Carlos Acuña; Marcelo Paytas
... The Argentinian cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) breeding program was established in 1923 and since then it has released more than 40 commercial cultivars of cotton and numerous germplasm lines. Genetic progress studies have been used to evaluate the historical enhancement of different traits and to provide insights into possible improvements in future cultivars. In this context, the present study a ...
... Terpenoids are widely distributed in plants and play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and development and in the interactions between plants and both the environment and other organisms. However, terpene synthase (TPS) genes have not been systematically investigated in the tetraploid Gossypium hirsutum. In this study, whole genome identification and characterization of the TPS fam ...
... Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the world’s most essential fiber-producing crop. The Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region is the largest cotton-growing region on our planet; superior local environments, unique cultivation management measures, and excellent cotton cultivars have ensured its irreplaceable role. However, the origin of the higher yield production and elite fiber quality observed ...
Gossypium barbadense; Gossypium hirsutum; agronomic traits; arid lands; canopy; coastal plains; cultivars; early development; economic valuation; genotype; highlands; irrigation; lint cotton; micronaire; Southeastern United States
Abstract:
... Pima (Gossypium barbadense L.) cotton is currently grown commercially in the western United States and has exceptional fiber quality, which provides an economic value almost two times greater than Upland (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cotton. Due to limited experience with Pima production in the southeastern United States, our primary objective was to compare the growth, development, agronomic performanc ...
... Studies were conducted in 2019 and 2020 in Lewiston, NC, to determine the crop response of 4-hydroxyphenylpyrivate dioxygenase (HPPD)-resistant cotton to isoxaflutole (IFT) and other cotton herbicides as part of a cotton weed management program that included herbicides applied preemergence, early postemergence (EPOST), and mid-postemergence (MPOST). IFT was applied PRE at 105 g ha–¹ alone and in v ...
... High-temperature stress can cause serious abiotic damage that limits the yield and quality of cotton plants. Heat Tolerance (HT) during the different developmental stages of cotton can guarantee a high yield under heat stress. HT is a complex trait that is regulated by multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs). In this study, the F₂ population derived from a cross between MNH-886, a heat-tolerant cu ...
Gossypium hirsutum; agronomy; arid lands; biofertilizers; cultivars; demonstration farms; dry matter accumulation; field experimentation; foliar application; hybrids; leaf area index; plant height; research; seed cotton; summer; urea; India
Abstract:
... The newly released high yielding cotton cultivars are higher boll retention rate than conventional cultivars that have higher overall nutrient demand during the flowering and boll development stages. Therefore, this field experiment was conducted at during summer, 2020 at Annamalai University experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India, 608 ...
... Key management recommendations for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) management require estimates of the timing of crop phenology. Most commonly growing day degree (DD) (thermal time) approaches are used. Currently, across many cotton production regions, there is no consistent approach to predicting first square and flower timing. Day degree approaches vary considerably, with base thresholds differen ...
Gossypium hirsutum; agricultural colleges; agronomy; cultivars; field experimentation; leaves; seed cotton; India
Abstract:
... A field experiment was conducted during 2014–15 and 2015–16 at College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India, to study the interaction between cultivars (‘Bindas’, ‘Bunny-Bt’, ‘ATM’ and ‘Dr. Brent’) and planting time (II fortnight of June, and I and II first fortnights of July and August) on leaf reddening, seed-cotton yield and productivity efficiency, and ...
... Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, is a severe disease of cotton (Gossypium spp.). Strains of the wilt pathogen in the United States, such as race 1, require the presence of nematodes such as southern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) to cause appreciable disease. The exception is the race 4 strain of the wilt pathogen, which can attack cotton without concomit ...
... Nitrogen (N) is one of the most absorbed and exported nutrients by cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.), but excessive rates can result in excessive growth and reduce fiber yield and quality. Combinations of high N rates and high plant density reduced yields, especially in locations where yield is higher than 2000 kg ha⁻¹ of fiber. The effect on fiber quality (mainly micronaire and fiber strength ...
Stephen M. Parris; Steven N. Jeffers; James M. Olvey; Jeffrey W. Adelberg; Li Wen; Joshua A. Udall; Jeffrey J. Coleman; Don C. Jones; Christopher A. Saski
... Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum race 4 (FOV4) is a devastating fungus pathogen that causes Fusarium wilt in both domesticated cotton species, Gossypium hirsutum (Upland) and G. barbadense (Pima). Greenhouse and field-based pathogenicity assays can be a challenge because of nonuniform inoculum levels, the presence of endophytes, and varying environmental factors. Therefore, an in vitro cocult ...
... BACKGROUND: Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has few cotton varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting. The plant height of the cultivar is one of the key features that need to modify. Hence, this study was planned to locate the QTL for plant height in a ⁶⁰Co γ treated upland cotton semi-dwarf mutant Ari1327. RESULTS: Interestingly, bulk segregant analysis (BSA) and genotyping by sequencing ...
... Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD), caused by a geminivirus complex, is the most serious disease of upland cotton in northwest India and Pakistan. It results in substantial losses in cotton yield and fibre quality. Due to continuous appearance of new viral strains, all the established CLCuD resistant stocks, extant and obsolete cultivars of upland cotton have become susceptible. Therefore, it became ...
Fernando dos Santos Araújo; Nair Helena Castro Arriel; Everaldo Paulo de Medeiros; Liziane Maria de Lima; Mayara Andrade de Souza; Alberício Pereira de Andrade; Riselane de Lucena Alcântara Bruno
Bayesian theory; Gossypium hirsutum; cotton; cultivars; evolution; gene flow; gene pool; genetic distance; genetic variation; germplasm; germplasm conservation; high volume instruments; micronaire; population structure; Brazil
Abstract:
... The remaining populations of perennial cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. r. marie-galante Hutch.) that occur in northeastern Brazil are part of the primary gene pool for the creation of modern upland cotton cultivars. Therefore, we present fiber technological properties, genetic diversity and population structure analysis of four populations of G. hirsutum L. r. marie-galante from Paraíba state in Bra ...
... Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield is decreased under low radiation, but there are few reports on possible interactions of N fertilizer application and light limitation on cotton production. The objective of this work was to evaluate growth, yield components, and boll distribution in cotton as affected by N rates under light restriction. Three experiments were conducted for two years in Central ...
... Novel intra-boll yield component traits and fiber quality indices have been used by breeders to select suitable Gossypium hirsutum L. lines, but there is little research on how these traits change during cultivation practices, especially fertilizer application. We hypothesized that these novel traits have obvious responses to phosphorus (P) fertilizer, which would explain the variation in yield an ...
Gossypium hirsutum; cotton; cultivars; genotype; genotype-environment interaction; heritability; China
Abstract:
... Multi‐environment trials are routinely conducted around the world to select superior cultivars; the numbers of replicates and locations remains insufficiently studied despite their effects on trial efficiency and cost. The objective of the present study was to compensate for the mentioned lack by dealing with the specific case of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in arid conditions of China and by es ...
... Cotton is an important agro-industrial crop across the globe. Improving the fiber quality and yield potential of cotton are major commercial targets for cotton breeders. The cotton lint yield is computed by multiplying three fundamental yield constituents: average boll weight, boll number per unit ground area, and lint percentage. The cotton species Gossypium arboreum exhibits a wide range of desi ...
... On a P-poor, calcareous soil, three upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars (ST 402, ST 405, Zeta 2) were tested for 2years under three P rates (0, 13.1, 26.2kgPha−1). Leaf traits (SPAD values; specific leaf area, SLA; carbon isotope discrimination, Δ; 15 N natural abundance, δ15 N) and elements (N, P, K, C, Na, Zn) along with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonisation wer ...
... Plastic film mulching has been widely applied to improve crop productivity of full-season cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). However, in a previous study, plastic mulching did not increase seed cotton yield of short-season cotton compared with non-mulching. The aim of this study was to determine why plastic mulching fails to increase seed cotton yield of short-season cotton. A short-season cultivar L ...
... Environment and crop management can play an important role in determining upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber quality. An important quality parameter is fiber micronaire, which is an indirect measure of fiber linear density (fineness) and maturity, and it is affected by crop supply and partitioning of assimilates to cotton fruit. High micronaire occurs when there is an excess of assimilate ...
Gossypium hirsutum; Western blotting; cotton; cultivars; endoplasmic reticulum; gene expression regulation; gene ontology; heat stress; male fertility; males; metabolism; pollen; proteomics; temperature; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis; weather
Abstract:
... Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is a typical tropical and subtropical commercial crop. During the reproductive development period of cotton, high temperature (HT) weather frequently occurs, which leads to male abortion and yield loss. Identifying proteins that experience coordinated metabolism in anthers during HT stress could provide information regarding protein dynamics under HT stress and assist i ...
... Enhancing genetic diversity to breed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for water‐limited production in the Texas High Plains is one objective of the Texas A&M AgriLife Research breeding program in Lubbock. CA 4008 (Reg. no. GP‐1099, PI 698821) was derived from TX 307 (PI 165390) and 07‐A‐05, an unreleased breeding line. TX 307, wild material of species Gossypium hirsutum, was used as a parent based o ...
... Organic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in the United States is steadily growing because of increased consumer demand, market premium prices, and regulatory shifts. As organic production expands in the United States, adventitious presence of genetically engineered (GE) traits caused by either pollen‐ or seed‐mediated gene flow from nonorganically grown sources of cotton raises concerns a ...
... After polyploidization originated from one interspecific hybridization event in Gossypium, Gossypium barbadense evolved to produce extra‐long staple fibres than Gossypium hirsutum (Upland cotton), which produces a higher fibre yield. The genomic diversity between G. barbadense and G. hirsutum thus provides a genetic basis for fibre trait variation. Recently, rapid accumulation of gene disruption o ...
... Cotton is not only a raw material for the textile industry, but also an important strategic material. However, traditional breeding methods have narrowed the genetic diversity of current cotton cultivars. Abundant germplasm resources is a solid foundation for breeding, the use of chemical mutagenesis to create abundant mutation is of great significance to cotton breeding. This study used ethyl met ...
Gossypium hirsutum; cotton; cultivars; drought; fiber quality; gas exchange; germplasm; osmotolerance; photosynthesis; phytoremediation; potassium; salinity; salt stress; salt tolerance; sap; stomatal conductance; xylem
Abstract:
... Drought and salinity are considered two major abiotic stresses that diminish cotton production worldwide. Studying common morphological and physiological responses in cotton cultivars may help plant biologists to develop and apply standard screening criteria for either of these stresses and for their combination. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the suitability of several physiological par ...
Gossypium hirsutum; agriculture; calibration; cotton; cultivars; field experimentation; irrigation; models; phenology; planting; pollution; soil water; temperature; China
Abstract:
... Planting with non-film mulching is the fundamental means to eliminate the pollution of residual film in cotton fields. However, this planting approach should have regional adaptability. Therefore, the calibrated WOFOST model and an early mature cultivar CRI619 (Gossypium hirsutum Linn) were employed to simulate the cotton growth, and regions were then evaluated for planting in Xinjiang. A field ex ...
... DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity analysis of 79 early-maturing upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars were performed using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) molecular markers. Out of 126 pairs of SSR primers, we selected 71 pairs that gave good polymorphisms and clear bands, had good stability, and showed even distribution on the cotton chromosomes, and 142 polymorphic genotypes were a ...
... Palmer amaranth has developed resistance to at least seven herbicide sites of action in the Cotton Belt of the United States, leaving producers with fewer options to manage this weed. Previous research with corn and newly commercially released soybean systems have found the use of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicides such as isoxaflutole (IFT) to be effective at managin ...
... Lateral roots and root hairs are essential portions of cotton roots. However, the morphology and lifespan of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) lateral roots and root hairs in response to nitrogen stress have remained unknown. Two cotton cultivars were assessed when no nitrogen and normal nitrogen (138 mg N·kg⁻¹ soil) were added. The daily acquisitions of root phenotype information including the later ...
... Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes resistant to reniform nematode (RN) (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira) have been recently developed to reduce yield losses from RN, yet little is known of their agronomic responses under field conditions. This research was conducted to determine if RN population vary cotton growth and development and yield among RN resistant (G. barbadense intr ...
... Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a polyphagous species frequently associated with the presence of sooty mold and viruses lethal to plants. The purpose of this work was to characterize possible resistance categories of cotton genotypes against A. gossypii. Initially, a preliminary test was carried out with 78 genotypes, 15 of which were selected for infestation ability assays and the ...
... Anthropogenic activities help the ozone formation at the troposphere which causes toxic effects on plants and humans. Ozone is a highly reactive gas that enters in plants through stomata and initiates the overproduction of ROS which causes oxidative stress in plants that lead to the destruction of membranal lipids, proteins, impaired the production of sugars and other metabolites and ultimately da ...
... Canadian and United States (US) insect resistance management (IRM) programs for lepidopteran pests in Bacillus thuriengiensis (Bt)-expressing crops are optimally designed for Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner in corn (Zea mays L.) and Chloridea virescens Fabricius in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Both Bt corn and cotton express a high dose for these pests; however, there are many other target pests for ...
... The DAD1 (defender against apoptotic cell death) gene is a negative regulator of programmed cell death. It plays important roles in plant growth, development, environmental adaptation, and aging. We examined whether and how the expression of DAD1 gene is affected by the promoter changes in the allotetraploid upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). We compared the expression status of the genes in t ...
... The environmental impact of genetically modified crops has been extensively investigated. However, few reports on the influence of transgenic traits on genetic structure have been reported in the literature. It is unknown how or if transgenic cultivars have affected genotypic variation in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) since its rise to dominance in cotton production. In this study, the gen ...
... Verticillium wilt is a vascular disease causing tremendous damage to cotton production worldwide. However, our knowledge of the mechanisms of cotton resistance or susceptibility to this disease is very limited. In this study, we compared the defense transcriptomes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cultivars Shidalukang 1 (Verticillium dahliae resistant, HR) and Junmian 1 (V. dahliae susceptible, HS) ...
... Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and potassium (K) dynamics are not well understood particularly in soils with high K levels. Potassium is important for cotton reproductive development as it influences the number, size, and weight of bolls and can improve fiber quality by mitigating moisture stress. In the case that soil cannot replenish solution K from exchangeable reserves to meet the plant demand ...