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1. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment differentially mediated expression of vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) genes and delayed programmed cell death (PCD) during ripening and senescence of apple fruit

Author:
Jingyi Lv; Yingzhi Zhang; Mingyu Sun; Jingxin Chen; Yonghong Ge; Jianrong Li
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2023 v.307 pp. 111489
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
1-methylcyclopropene; DNA; Malus domestica; apples; climacteric fruits; electrical conductivity; enzymes; ethylene; firmness; malondialdehyde; programmed cell death; reactive oxygen species; transmission electron microscopy; vacuoles
Abstract:
... The main purpose of this research was to evaluate the impacts of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) genes and programmed cell death (PCD) during ripening and senescence of apple fruit (Malus × domestica Borkh.). The ethylene antagonists 1-MCP (1 μL L⁻¹) was applied to apples after harvest. Both treated and control fruit were stored at 20 ± 2°C. The data show ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2022.111489

2. The ABA receptor gene MdPYL9 confers tolerance to drought stress in transgenic apple (Malus domestica)

Author:
Jie Yang; Min Wang; Shasha Zhou; Bingyao Xu; Peihong Chen; Fengwang Ma; Ke Mao
Source:
Environmental and experimental botany 2022 v.194 pp. 104695
ISSN:
0098-8472
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Malus domestica; abscisic acid; amino acid sequences; apples; drought; drought tolerance; electrolyte leakage; genes; photosynthesis; plant growth; prediction; reactive oxygen species; sequence analysis; two hybrid system techniques; water content; water stress
Abstract:
... Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone for plant growth, development, and the response to various types of abiotic stress. Pyrabactin Resistance 1 (PYR1)/PYR1-Like (PYL)/Regulatory Component of ABA Receptor (RCAR) family proteins (PYLs) are ABA receptors that have been studied in many plant species. However, no detailed functional studies of these genes in regulating apple drought tolera ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2021.104695

3. Accurate Quantification of Anthocyanin in Red Flesh Apples Using Digital Photography and Image Analysis

Author:
Eckhard Grimm; Felix Kuhnke; Anna Gajdt; Jörn Ostermann; Moritz Knoche
Source:
Horticulturae 2022 v.8 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2311-7524
Subject:
Malus domestica; algorithms; anthocyanins; color; cultivars; digital images; image analysis; photographs; photography; prediction; scanners
Abstract:
... Red fleshed apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) differ in colour intensity between cultivars, seasons and sites. The objective of this study was to develop a procedure for predicting anthocyanin content from digital images of flesh discs. Flesh cylinders of uniform colour were excised, scanned and their colours determined in the R, G and B and the L*a*b* colour spaces. Anthocyanin content was also q ...
DOI:
10.3390/horticulturae8020145

4. Apple Fruit Size QTLs on Chromosomes 8 and 16 Characterized in ‘Honeycrisp’-Derived Germplasm

Author:
Sarah A. Kostick; James J. Luby
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
DNA; Malus domestica; agronomy; apples; fruit size; fruit weight; germplasm; haplotypes; phenotypic variation; progeny; quantitative traits; single nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract:
... Multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with fruit size have been reported in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.); however, few have been fully characterized and/or validated. A pedigree-based QTL analysis approach was used to examine the genetic basis of fruit weight in ‘Honeycrisp’-derived germplasm. Fourteen breeding parents were represented by 814 offspring from 13 full-sib families with ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12061279

5. Apple Grower Research and Extension Needs for Craft Cider

Author:
Marcia R. Ostrom; David S. Conner; Heleene Tambet; Katherine Selting Smith; J. Robert Sirrine; Philip H. Howard; Michelle Miller
Source:
HortTechnology 2022 v.32 no.2 pp. 147-157
ISSN:
1943-7714
Subject:
Malus domestica; apples; beverages; ciders; disease control; markets; surveys; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Hard cider is an important and growing part of the U.S. beverage market. Previous research suggests there is an opportunity for growers interested in selling locally grown cider-specific apple (Malus domestica) varieties. However, cider apple growers face production, distribution, and marketing challenges. This article fills a gap in the literature using survey data from four states. We find that ...
DOI:
10.21273/HORTTECH04827-21

6. The Apple Lipoxygenase MdLOX3 Regulates Salt Tolerance and ABA Sensitivity

Author:
Xixia Chen; Daru Wang; Chunling Zhang; Xun Wang; Kuo Yang; Yongxu Wang; Xiaofei Wang; Chunxiang You
Source:
Horticulturae 2022 v.8 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
2311-7524
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Malus domestica; apples; callus; lipoxygenases; plant growth; salt stress; salt tolerance; stress tolerance
Abstract:
... Various abiotic stresses, particularly salinization, restrict plant growth and yield around the world. Lipoxygenases play essential functions in coping with various stresses. In the present study, we found an apple (Malus domestica) homolog of Arabidopsis lipoxygenase3, named MdLOX3. MdLOX3 has a typical conserved lipoxygenase domain. MdLOX3 was expressed in all tissues of apple and was highly exp ...
DOI:
10.3390/horticulturae8070651

7. Apple SINA E3 ligase MdSINA3 negatively mediates JA‐triggered leaf senescence by ubiquitinating and degrading the MdBBX37 protein

Author:
Jian‐Ping An; Chun‐Ling Zhang; Hong‐Liang Li; Gui‐Luan Wang; Chun‐Xiang You
Source:
plant journal 2022 v.111 no.2 pp. 457-472
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
Malus domestica; abscisic acid; apples; chlorophyll; ethylene; genes; jasmonic acid; leaves; post-translational modification; regulatory proteins; transcriptional activation; ubiquitin-protein ligase
Abstract:
... Jasmonic acid (JA) induces chlorophyll degradation and leaf senescence. B‐box (BBX) proteins play important roles in the modulation of leaf senescence, but the molecular mechanism of BBX protein‐mediated leaf senescence remains to be further studied. Here, we identified the BBX protein MdBBX37 as a positive regulator of JA‐induced leaf senescence in Malus domestica (apple). Further studies showed ...
DOI:
10.1111/tpj.15808

8. An Apple Tree Branch Pruning Analysis

Author:
Azlan Zahid; Md Sultan Mahmud; Long He; James Schupp; Daeun Choi; Paul Heinemann
Source:
HortTechnology 2022 v.32 no.2 pp. 90-98
ISSN:
1943-7714
Subject:
Malus domestica; apples; cultivars; robots; statistical analysis; torque
Abstract:
... The torque required to cut branches is an important parameter for designing a robotic end-effector for pruning apple (Malus ×domestica) trees. In this study, the branch cutting torque was measured because it is important for the future development of a robotic pruning end-effector. To measure the branch cutting torque, a force-measuring sensor was integrated with a manual shear pruner. An inertial ...
DOI:
10.21273/HORTTECH04924-21

9. Apple receptor-like kinase FERONIA regulates salt tolerance and ABA sensitivity in Malus domestica

Author:
Yin-Huan Xie; Fu-Jun Zhang; Ping Sun; Zhao-Yang Li; Peng-Fei Zheng; Kai-Di Gu; Yu-Jin Hao; Zhenlu Zhang; Chun-Xiang You
Source:
Journal of plant physiology 2022 v.270 pp. 153616
ISSN:
0176-1617
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; Malus domestica; Nicotiana benthamiana; abscisic acid; apples; callus; catalase; enzyme activity; females; fruits; gametophytes; males; plant physiology; plasma membrane; reactive oxygen species; salt stress; salt tolerance; superoxide dismutase; China
Abstract:
... FERONIA (FER) is a membrane-localized receptor-like kinase that plays pivotal roles in male and female gametophyte recognition, hormone signaling crosstalk, and biotic and abiotic responses. Most reports focus on the functions of FER in model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the functions of FER homologs have not been deeply investigated in apple (Malus domestica), an important economic fruit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153616

10. Attract, reward and disrupt: responses of pests and natural enemies to combinations of habitat manipulation and semiochemicals in organic apple

Author:
Joakim Pålsson; Mario Porcel; Teun Dekker; Marco Tasin
Source:
Journal of pest science 2022 v.95 no.2 pp. 619-631
ISSN:
1612-4758
Subject:
Dysaphis plantaginea; Geometridae; Malus domestica; Tortricidae; agroecosystems; apples; biodiversity; biological insect control; ecosystem services; flowers; habitats; insect communities; landscapes; natural enemies; parasitoids; semiochemicals
Abstract:
... The widespread use of pesticides along with the simplification of the landscape has had undesirable effects on agroecosystems, such as the loss of biodiversity and the associated ecosystem service biological control. How current production systems can be remodelled to allow for a re-establishment of biological pest control, while preserving productivity, is a major challenge. Here, we tested wheth ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10340-021-01410-2

11. Auxin response factor gene MdARF2 is involved in ABA signaling and salt stress response in apple

Author:
Chu-kun WANG; Yu-wen ZHAO; Peng-liang HAN; Jian-qiang YU; Yu-jin HAO; Qian XU; Chun-xiang YOU; Da-gang HU
Source:
Journal of integrative agriculture 2022 v.21 no.8 pp. 2264-2274
ISSN:
2095-3119
Subject:
DNA; DNA-binding domains; Malus domestica; Prunus persica; agriculture; apples; auxins; callus; cultivars; genes; growth and development; phylogeny; plant growth; prediction; salt stress; salt tolerance; stress response; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... Auxin response factors (ARFs) play key roles throughout the whole process of plant growth and development, and mediate auxin response gene transcription by directly binding with auxin response elements (AuxREs). However, their functions in abiotic stresses are largely limited, especially in apples. Here, the auxin response factor gene MdARF2 (HF41569) was cloned from apple cultivar ‘Royal Gala’ (M ...
DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63843-1

12. Bark Gnawing by Rodents in Orchards during the Growing Season—Can We Detect Relation with Forest Damages?

Author:
Josef Suchomel; Jan Šipoš; Jana Ouředníčková; Michal Skalský; Marta Heroldová
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Arvicola amphibius; Clethrionomys glareolus; Fagus; Malus domestica; Microtus agrestis; Microtus arvalis; agronomy; apples; bark; food availability; food quality; forests; orchards; plant protection; voles; winter; Czech Republic
Abstract:
... Rodent bark gnawing is common during winter in times of low or unavailable food supply. During the growing season, it is a rare phenomenon, but can occur due to low food supply and/or poor food quality resulting from climatic influence. We evaluated this unusual damage of apple tree (Malus domestica) orchards by rodents in two localities in the Czech Republic. In 2019, 24% of trees in the orchard ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12020251

13. Baseline study of growers’ constraints in the production of apple (Malus domestica) in Plateau State Nigeria

Author:
U. G. Osadebamwen; A. E. Adekoya; E. A. Akintunde
Source:
Agriculture & food security 2022 v.11 no.1 pp. 16
ISSN:
2048-7010
Subject:
Malus domestica; agriculture; apples; credit; decision support systems; descriptive statistics; exports; farms; food security; foreign exchange; hunger; industry; local government; malnutrition; markets; poverty; statistical analysis; Nigeria
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Including temperate fruits like apples in her production and export line is one of the many ways Nigeria, particularly, Plateau State, can diversify her economy and consequently address the issues of poverty, malnutrition, and hunger. However, there are constraints confronting the industry. This research was carried out as a baseline study of growers’ constraints in the production of a ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40066-022-00354-9

14. Behavioral disruption of two orchard hemipteran pests by garlic essential oil

Author:
Thomas Denoirjean; Mélanie Rivière; Géraldine Doury; Guillaume Jean Le Goff; Arnaud Ameline
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 2022 v.170 no.9 pp. 782-791
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Allium sativum; Cacopsylla pyri; Dysaphis plantaginea; Malus domestica; Pyrus communis; apples; attractants; essential oils; garlic; host plants; insect pests; onions; orchards; pears; phloem; rubber; sap; trees
Abstract:
... Essential oils (EOs) are promising sources of effective bioactive compounds for insect pest control, especially in heavily treated agrosystems like orchards. Plants belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family – onion, garlic (Allium sativum L.), and others – present an interesting potential in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) and pear (Pyrus communis L., both Rosaceae) tree integrated pest management due ...
DOI:
10.1111/eea.13203

15. Bioactive compounds and fruit quality traits of Granny Smith Challenger apple grown under varying shade levels of green protective shade nets

Author:
Ahmet Ozturk; Eren Aydın; Burhan Ozturk
Source:
Journal of food processing and preservation 2022 v.46 no.8 pp. e16777
ISSN:
0145-8892
Subject:
Malus domestica; apples; canopy; ferulic acid; fruit quality; fruits; fumaric acid; leaf area; p-coumaric acid; rutin; tree growth; yields
Abstract:
... The aim of the study is to assess the yield, fruit quality, phenolic compounds, and organic acids of the Granny Smith Challenger apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) grown under protective shade nets. In the study, control (unnetted, T1), shade nets with 15% weave (T2), 20% weave (T3), 35% weave (T4), and 55% weave (T5) were selected as treatments. In both years of the study, yield and % marketable fr ...
DOI:
10.1111/jfpp.16777

16. Brassinosteroids are involved in volatile compounds biosynthesis related to MdBZR1 in ‘Ruixue’ (Malus × domestica Borkh.) fruit

Author:
Xiaojie Liu; Dongmei Li; Yingjuan Li; Shanshan Li; Zhengyang Zhao
Source:
Postharvest biology and technology 2022 v.189 pp. 111931
ISSN:
0925-5214
Subject:
Malus domestica; apples; biosynthesis; brassinosteroids; callus; enzyme activity; ethylene production; fructose; fruit quality; fruits; genes; glucose; odors; sucrose; volatile compounds
Abstract:
... Aroma is a crucial quality attribute of apple fruit, mainly determined by volatile compounds. However, to our knowledge, the physiological and molecular roles of brassinosteroids (BRs) in volatile compound biosynthesis had not been elucidated. In this study, 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) inhibited fruit firmness and ethylene production and delayed fruit ripening. Total soluble solids, fructose content, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.postharvbio.2022.111931

17. Brown Bear Food-Probability Models in West-European Russia: On the Way to the Real Resource Selection Function

Author:
Sergey S. Ogurtsov; Anatoliy A. Khapugin; Anatoliy S. Zheltukhin; Elena B. Fedoseeva; Alexander V. Antropov; María del Mar Delgado; Vincenzo Penteriani
Source:
Forests 2022 v.13 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Aegopodium podagraria; Alces alces; Angelica; Chaerophyllum aromaticum; Corylus avellana; Malus domestica; Populus tremula; Russia; Sorbus aucuparia; Ursus arctos; Vaccinium myrtillus; algorithms; canopy; conservation areas; forbs; forests; habitat preferences; habitats; landscapes; lighting; model validation; phytomass; riparian areas; spring; summer; trees
Abstract:
... Most habitat suitability models and resource selection functions (RSFs) use indirect variables and habitat surrogates. However, it is known that in order to adequately reflect the habitat requirements of a species, it is necessary to use proximal resource variables. Direct predictors should be used to construct a real RSF that reflects the real influence of main resources on species habitat use. I ...
DOI:
10.3390/f13081247

18. A C2H2-type zinc finger transcription factor, MdZAT17, acts as a positive regulator in response to salt stress

Author:
Da-Ru Wang; Kuo Yang; Xun Wang; Chun-Xiang You
Source:
Journal of plant physiology 2022 v.275 pp. 153737
ISSN:
0176-1617
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Malus domestica; abscisic acid; anthocyanins; apples; callus; genes; malondialdehyde; plant growth; reactive oxygen species; salt stress; salt tolerance; stress tolerance; transcription factors; zinc finger motif
Abstract:
... Salt stress restricts plant growth and productivity worldwide. Zinc finger proteins play important roles in response to various abiotic plant stresses. In this research, we identified and characterized the ZAT17 gene in Malus domestica, which encodes a C2H2-type zinc finger protein. MdZAT17 has two typical conserved zinc finger domains and an ERF-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif. Prom ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153737

19. Cadophora luteo-olivacea isolated from apple (Malus domestica) fruit with post-harvest side rot symptoms in northern Italy

Author:
Greice Amaral Carneiro; Magdalena Walcher; Sanja Baric
Source:
European journal of plant pathology 2022 v.162 no.1 pp. 247-255
ISSN:
0929-1873
Subject:
Cadophora; Malus domestica; Pyrus communis; apples; fruits; fungi; internal transcribed spacers; packing houses; pathogens; pears; peptide elongation factors; phylogeny; plant pathology; virulence; Italy; Latvia; Netherlands
Abstract:
... Recently, Cadophora luteo-olivacea has been reported as a post-harvest pathogen of side rot of apple (Malus domestica) in Latvia, and of pear (Pyrus communis) in Italy and the Netherlands. In 2018 and 2019, in South Tyrol (northern Italy) 11 fungal cultures, identified as C. luteo-olivacea based on ITS (internal transcribed spacer region) sequence data, were obtained from apple fruit displaying po ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10658-021-02388-4

20. Caffeic acid regulated respiration, ethylene and reactive oxygen species metabolism to suppress senescence of Malus domestica

Author:
Rui Huang; Canying Li; Mi Guo; Hengping Xu; Shuran Zhang; Miao Wang; Yonghong Ge
Source:
Postharvest biology and technology 2022 v.194 pp. 112074
ISSN:
0925-5214
Subject:
Malus domestica; NADP (coenzyme); ascorbate peroxidase; ascorbic acid; caffeic acid; catalase; ethylene; ethylene production; fruits; genes; glutathione; glutathione dehydrogenase (ascorbate); glutathione-disulfide reductase; hydrogen peroxide; metabolism; monodehydroascorbate reductase (NADH); peroxidase; respiratory rate; superoxide dismutase
Abstract:
... The current study assessed the variations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), respiration and ethylene metabolism in ‘Qiujin’ apples after caffeic acid dipping. Results demonstrated that caffeic acid remarkably inhibited respiratory rate, ethylene release rate and hydrogen peroxide accumulation, but increased reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid contents in apples. Caffeic acid also improved catala ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.postharvbio.2022.112074