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... Tamarind, Tamarindus indica L., is a multipurpose tropical fruit tree used primarily for its fruits, which are eaten fresh or processed, used as a seasoning or spice, or are processed (along with the seeds) for non-food uses. The species has a wide geographical distribution in the subtropics and semiarid tropics and is cultivated in numerous regions. In this paper, we announce the release of a sup ...
Garcinia atroviridis; Garcinia gummi-guta; active ingredients; body weight; common names; cultivars; dried fruit; flavor; fruits; growers; home gardens; income; leaves; mountains; orchards; seedlings; soups; taste; villages; Thailand
Abstract:
... 'Som Kandarn', the local name of a cultivar of Garcinia atroviridis Griff., was found many years ago in Kiriwong village, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, southern Thailand. Growers have planted a few 'Som Kandarn' seedlings in mixed-fruit-cropping orchards in the mountains, especially in low-fertility areas. 'Som Kandarn' has been known in the village as an easy-to-grow fruit tree. Mainly the fruit ...
Porifera; chemical derivatives; tyrosine; Thailand
Abstract:
... A collection of the marine sponge Suberea aff. praetensa from the Gulf of Thailand furnished the bromotyrosine derivatives fistularin-3, agelorins A and B and the new desoxyagel-orins A and B. ...
biofuels; carbon footprint; case studies; climate change; construction materials; data collection; databases; decision making; design for environment; developing countries; development projects; education programs; energy content; experts; fuel oils; funding; gasoline; guidelines; human resources; job training; kerosene; life cycle inventory; liquid petroleum gas; metals; models; natural gas; nontariff trade barriers; petroleum; public policy; recycling; researchers; stakeholders; sulfur; transportation; world markets; Japan; Thailand
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: Due to various environmental pressures such as climate change and scarcity of natural resources, as well as nontariff barriers from trade partners, Thailand has established the Thai national life cycle inventory (LCI) database in 2006. In the 1st phase (2006–2007), three working groups were developed for natural gas, refinery, and petrochemical products. Another seven working groups were ...
... An improved understanding of the historical variation in the emissions and sources (biomass burning, BB vs. fossil fuel, FF combustion) of soot and char, the two components of black carbon (BC), and polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) may help in assessing the environmental effects of the Atmospheric Brown Cloud (ABC) in SE Asia. We therefore determined historical variations of the fluxes of soot ...
... A bacterial consortium, named SWO, was enriched from crude oil-contaminated seawater from Phrao Bay in Rayong Province, Thailand, after a large oil spill in 2013. The bacterial consortium degraded a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mixture consisting of phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene (50 mg L−1 each) by approximately 73%, 69%, 52%, and 48%, respectively, within 21 days. Th ...
... Fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus) and clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) are wild felids, currently in vulnerable status according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature red list (2017). Several measures in assisted reproductive technology (e.g. AI, embryo transfer) have been used by the Zoological Park Organization of Thailand (ZPO) to increase their offspring in captivity. Re ...
business enterprises; capital; confidence interval; environment; floods; inventories; issues and policy; land; paper; profitability; Thailand
Abstract:
... This paper employs ratio analysis to investigate the financial stability of companies located in seven of Thailand’s industrial estates following the 2011 floods. Those seven industrial estates contain 651 companies. Ranked by size, they are: (1) Rojana; (2) Navanakorn; (3) Hi-Tech; (4) Bang Pa-in; (5) Factory Land; (6) Saharattananakhon; and (7) Bangkadi Industrial Estates. All of them were hit p ...
data collection; land cover; moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer; remote sensing; Brunei; Cambodia; East Timor; Indonesia; Laos; Malaysia; Myanmar; Philippines; Singapore; Thailand; Vietnam
Abstract:
... In this letter, we present the methodology and accuracy assessment results of a new 250 m spatial resolution land cover map of Southeast Asia (covering Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste and Vietnam). The map is based on semi-automated classification of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer data (acquired January to November ...
... The seasonally varying moisture balance in a montane forest of Southeast Asia is reconstructed for the 20th century from the oxygen isotopic composition (δ¹⁸O) of subannual tree cellulose samples of Pinus kesiya growing at 1,500 m elevation on Doi Chiang Dao in northern Thailand. The cellulose δ¹⁸O values exhibit a distinctive annual cycle with amplitude of up to 12 ‰, which we interpret to repres ...
... Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection, remains a global health problem with increased concerns due to drug-resistant tuberculosis. However, molecular genotyping profiles may give insight of the transmission of TB in a particular region. The present study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity of drug-resistant MTB and evaluate primer sets applied for the epidemiol ...
Mucuna pruriens; root exudates; chemical constituents of plants; L-dopa; quantitative analysis; allelochemicals; bioassays; Lactuca sativa; lettuce; plant growth; growth retardation; cultivars; genetic variation; United States; Brazil; Taiwan; Thailand; Nepal
Abstract:
... We investigated whether or not lettuce growth was inhibited by diffused L-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)alanine (L-DOPA), an allelochemical exuded from the roots of velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. utilis) cultivars using a modified plant-box bioassay. For all the cultivars and one accession examined L-DOPA diffused from the roots and caused radicle and hypocotyl growth inhibition. A high correl ...
... Lumyai P, Palakit K, Suangsathaporn K, Wanthongchai K. 2020. A 324-years temperature reconstruction from Pinus latteri Mason at highland in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 3938-3945. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the growth of Pinus latteri and climate data in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Dendrochronological techniques were used to analy ...
Artocarpus altilis; oxidoreductases; enzyme inhibitors; linoleic acid; leaves; plant extracts; fractionation; chemical constituents of plants; Thailand
Abstract:
... The inhibitory effects of 17 samples prepared from Thailand plants on 5α-reductase activity were examined. The acetone extract of leaves ofArtocarpus altilis showed potent 5α-reductase inhibitory activity. Fractionation guided by 5α-reductase inhibition led to the isolation of 2-geranyl-2′,3,4,4′-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone from the acetone extract of leaves ofA. altilis. This compound showed more ...
... A novel seco-stemocurtisine-type alkaloid, 6-hydroxy-5,6-seco-stemocurtisine was isolated from the aerial parts of Stemona curtisii (Stemonaceae) collected from Trang Province in Thailand. The unprecedented 5,6-seco-pyrido[1,2-a]azepine structure was elucidated by 2D NMR analysis and a single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. ...
... Dactylicapnos scandens (D. Don) Hutch., a tuberous rooted perennial, widespread from NW India through to Thailand and China, is described and illustrated. The confusing history and synonymy of this species is discussed, together with the rather different fruit colour and dimorphic leaf shape of the stock used in providing the description. The problems in providing adequate herbarium specimens are ...
... The occurrence of more than a single species of Lardizabalaceae in Thailand is confirmed and the second species, the Vietnamese‐Chinese Stauntonia chapaensis (Gagnep.) Christenh., is described and illustrated here based on the Thai specimens at Crûg Farm Plants. ...
... A multiproxy record comprising pollen, charcoal, loss on ignition and particle size analyses from two radiocarbon dated sediment cores from Klong Kone subdistrict on the western coast of the Gulf of Thailand provides insights on mangrove dynamics, environmental changes and human activities during the last 800 years. The mangroves were dominated by Rhizophora which indicates that the area has been ...
Dorper; blastocyst; corpus luteum; cryopreservation; embryo transfer; estrus; ewes; field experimentation; freezing; genetic improvement; heat; intravaginal devices; leaf area index; mixed breeds; oviducts; pregnancy diagnosis; pregnancy rate; pregnant mare serum gonadotropin; sheep industry; superovulation; ultrasonography; uterus; vitrification; Thailand
Abstract:
... Assisted reproductive technologies including superovulation, laparoscopic AI (LAI), and embryo transfer (ET) are important tools for genetic improvement in the sheep industry. The present study aimed to determine the effects of embryo stage and cryopreservation method on field trial outcomes of embryo transfer on small-scale farms in Thailand. Black Dorper ewes (n=16) were used as donors and mixed ...
... The 8th International Food Data Conference, with the main theme of “Quality food composition data: key for health and trade”, was organised by the Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Thailand, from 1 to 3 October 2009, under the auspices of the International Network of Food Data System (INFOODS) and the International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS) Task Force. Over 140 delegates from ...
... A new species of hornwort, Phaeoceros perpusillus S. Chantanaorrapint, is described from material collected in Thailand. This species is distinguished by its small gametophyte, the monoicous sexual condition, and the very short capsule. The spore ornamentation is unique being vermiculate on the proximal face and spiny on the distal face. ...
... A pilot animal disease surveillance program was implemented at four abattoirs in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, between October 2019 and January 2020. A total of 1141 samples were collected from 477 cattle and 664 swine. Serological testing was performed using commercial antibody ELISA kits for zoonotic and high-impact animal diseases, namely brucellosis, Q fever, classical swine fever (CSF), porcine repro ...
... From 2004-2006, shrimp farmers in Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia have complained of cultured whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei that grow and survive normally but have abdominal segment deformity disease (ASDD). This is characterized by abdominal segments that are enlarged or twisted laterally and/or dorso-ventrally, sometimes accompanied by opaque muscles. Histological analysis revealed abdominal ...
... The abdominal segment deformity disease (ASDD) is a new shrimp disease reported only in cultured Penaeus vannamei in Thailand. Shrimp with ASDD have deformed abdominal segment, jagged gut line and bumpy surfaces. Similar signs were observed in cultured P. indicus in the Philippines. However, aside from the signs described for ASDD, some P. indicus showing abdominal segment deformity syndrome (ASDS ...
... PAH-degrading bacteria, including Novosphingobium sp. PCY, Microbacterium sp. BPW, Ralstonia sp. BPH, Alcaligenes sp. SSK1B, and Achromobacter sp. SSK4, were isolated from mangrove sediments. These isolates degraded 50–76% of 100mg/l phenanthrene within 2weeks. Strains PCY and BPW also degraded pyrene at 98% and 71%, respectively. Furthermore, all of them probably produced biosurfactants in the pr ...
... A comparative field study was conducted to evaluate the ability of subterranean termites to damage a set of four different plastic materials (cable sheathings) exposed below- and above-ground. Eight pest species from six countries were included, viz., Coptotermes formosanus (Shiraki) in China, Japan, and the United States; Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) in Thailand and Malaysia; Coptotermes curvign ...
... This study aimed to investigate nine heavy metal concentrations (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn and Ni) in water, sediment and snakehead fish (Channa striata) and to identify abnormal chromosomes in C. striata from a reservoir near an industrial factory and a reference area. Heavy metal concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The metal co ...
... Microplastics are pollutants with uncertain behaviors; they have mysterious impacts on marine environments. The present study is the first investigation of microplastic distribution in the surface water of the inner Gulf of Thailand. This study collected 100–200 L of surface water from 25 different sampling locations. Microplastics were visually counted and identified by Fourier-transform infrared ...
... Malaria is an important public health problem in Thailand, especially along international borders. In this study, we conducted a longitudinal entomological survey in six villages and rubber plantation sites to address the spatio-temporal abundance and behavior of malaria vectors in Ubon Ratchathani Province along the Thailand-Laos border. Adult female mosquitoes were collected by human landing col ...
filtration; freshwater; microplastics; polyethylene; rivers; sand; tap water; wastes; water supply; Thailand
Abstract:
... Thailand is one of the largest contributors to plastic waste in the oceans. Since mismanaged plastic waste can enter the ocean via inland waterways, microplastic contamination in freshwater used for tap water production has been raised as a potential issue. This study was conducted to determine the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in freshwater and treated tap water in Bangkok. Fresh ...
Cuon alpinus; animals; bycatch; cameras; carnivores; case studies; data collection; models; national parks; rare species; surveys; Thailand
Abstract:
... Large carnivores are declining globally and require baseline population estimates for management, however large-scale population estimation is problematic for species without unique natural marks. We used camera trap records of dhole Cuon alpinus, a group-living species, from three national parks in Thailand as a case study in which we develop integrated likelihood models to estimate abundance inc ...
... Microplastic contamination in the environment is a global problem, as evidenced by the increasing amount of research worldwide. To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the microplastic distribution in Bandon Bay, one of the most important maricultural areas of Thailand. Water and sediment samples from the Tapi-Phumduang River system (n = 10) and Bandon Bay (n = 5) were collected. ...
Cuon alpinus; Rusa unicolor; biomass; cameras; carnivores; environmental health; feces; grasslands; habitats; home range; municipal solid waste; national parks; tourism; ungulates; wild boars; Thailand
Abstract:
... Khoewsree N, Charaspet K, Sukmasuang R, Songsasen N, Pla-ard M, Thongbantum J, Kongchaloem W, Srinopawan K. 2020. Abundance, prey, and activity period of dholes (Cuon alpinus) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 345-354. The abundance and occupancy of dholes in Khao Yai National Park are the highest among found carnivorous mammals. This demonstrates the importance of the home ra ...
... A fungal endophyte identified as Fusarium sp. Tlau3 was isolated from fresh twig of Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl., a Thai medicinal plant collected from the forest of Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand. The fungus was grown on a medium containing yeast extracts and sucrose. The fungal metabolites were isolated from the culture broth by dichloromethane extraction, isooctane/methanol then n-butan ...
Agamidae; Bayesian theory; biodiversity; color; genes; head; lizards; mitochondria; new species; probability; probability analysis; rain forests; tail; Thailand
Abstract:
... In Thailand, five species of Acanthosaura have been recorded so far, including Acanthosauraarmata from the southern region, A.cardamomensis from the eastern region, A.crucigera from the western region, A.lepidogaster from the northern region and A.phuketensis from the Phuket Island and south-western region. However, comprehensive studies of diversity patterns and distribution of Acanthosaura are s ...
Curculionidae; Scolytidae; new species; species diversity; China; Thailand
Abstract:
... Acanthotomicus diaboliculus Cognato and Smith, new species and Acanthotomicus enzoi Cognato and Smith, new species are described from Yunnan, China and central Thailand. The pattern of elytral declivital spines distinguishes these species from each other and from Acanthotomicus spinosus (Blandford). These new species increase the described diversity to six and five species for China and Thailand, ...
... Thua-nao is a traditional Thai-fermented soy product. It was prepared by the conventional method and also with starter inoculation. Inoculated soybean exhibited a higher rate of fermentation than did the natural fermentation as indicated by greater rate of pH increase, higher extent of proteolysis, ammonia-nitrogen content and nitrogen solubility. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrop ...
altitude; carbon cycle; case studies; corn; environmental degradation; environmental impact; farmers; forests; geometry; hydrology; land cover; land use; prices; Thailand
Abstract:
... Farmers are carving a new agricultural frontier from the forests in the Southeast Asian Massif (SAM) in the 21st century, triggering significant environment degradation at the local scale; however, this frontier has been missed by existing global land use and forest loss analyses. In this paper, we chose Thailand's Nan Province, which is located in the geometric center of SAM, as a case study, and ...
COVID-19 infection; Thai people; compliance; cross-sectional studies; health care workers; health services; surveys; vaccination; vaccines; Thailand
Abstract:
... COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide problem. Vaccination as primary prevention is necessary. Thailand is in the initial phase of the vaccination program. However, the demand for this vaccine among Thais and expatriates living in Thailand is still unknown. This study aims to assess acceptance, attitude, and determinants for COVID-19 vaccination among Thai people and expatriates living in Thailand.This ...
Oreochromis niloticus; assets; cage culture; cages; capital; case-control studies; climate change; farmed fish; farmers; farming systems; farms; fish culture; fisheries; households; hybrids; income; interviews; property rights; rearing; rivers; social capital; social networks; stakeholders; surface water; villages; water quality; Thailand
Abstract:
... Aquaculture in rivers and other public water bodies raises issues of access and property rights. Over the past few years an industry has developed around the rearing of hybrid red and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) in cages in the Ping River in northern Thailand. In this article we report on a study of how households gain access to river cage sites to farm fish. The findings are based on ...
education; farm labor; health promotion; health services; hospitals; males; medical treatment; migrant workers; odds ratio; pain; plantations; Cambodia; Thailand
Abstract:
... Objectives: This study was undertaken to elucidate factors that influenced access to health care for migrant farm workers from Cambodia employed on fruit plantations in eastern Thailand. Methods: Data were collected from 861 participants via interview questions and focus group discussions. Results: The results revealed that 58.2% of immigrant workers were male, averaged 30.4 years of age, and 56.3 ...
biogeography; cartography; mosses and liverworts; Thailand
Abstract:
... An account of the Lejeunea species of Thailand with their distributional ranges in Thailand and worldwide is presented. Seven species are newly recorded to Thailand: Lejeunea cocoes Mitt., L. lumbricoides (Nees) Nees, L. micholitzii Mizut., L. parva (S.Hatt.) Mizut., L. patersonii (Steph.) Steph., L. tamaspocsii G.E.Lee and L. umbilicata (Nees) Nees. Illustrations of the newly recorded species and ...
sociodemographic characteristics; food security; obesity; adults; traditions; nutrient intake; immigration; health status; risk factors; Southeast Asians; acculturation; psychosocial factors; foodways; lifestyle; body mass index; food intake; food choices; food and nutrition programs; Thailand; Minnesota; Laos
Abstract:
... Focus groups (n =65) were conducted with Hmong adults in St. Paul/Minneapolis, MN to determine how environmental factors, acculturation, and food insecurity influence dietary behavior, body mass index (BMI), and health. Acculturation was assessed by examining linguistic, social, and eating behavior, length of time in the US, and BMI for B-TL¹ (born in Thailand/Laos and in US <=5 years), B-TL² (in ...
... The concentration of organotin (OT) in seven species of dolphin (bottlenose dolphin, finless porpoise, Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin, long-beaked common dolphin, Pantropical spotted dolphin, spinner dolphin, and striped dolphin), which were stranded on the coasts of Thailand, were measured. Butyltin (BT) and phenyltin (PT) compounds in tissues and organs of the dolphins were in the range of 16-1 ...