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- Author:
- Jacquet, G.; Pollet, B.; Lapierre, C.
- Source:
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1995 v.43 no.10 pp. 2746-2751
- ISSN:
- 0021-8561
- Subject:
- cell wall components; grasses; wheat straw; ethers; Triticum aestivum; rice straw; Avena sativa; esters; lignin; ferulic acid; chemical structure
- Abstract:
- ... Grass cell walls are typified by ferulic esters linked to polysaccharides. In past research, these feruloylated esters have been repeatedly speculated to be cross-linking agents with lignins, via ether bonds. Whereas this hypothesis is strongly supported by degradative studies, model experiments, and NMR data, diagnostic fragments associating ferulic acid and lignin precursors, through an ether bo ...
- DOI:
- 10.1021/jf00058a037
- https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00058a037
- Author:
- Holbrook, L.; Tung, P.; Ward, K.; Reid, D.M.; Abrams, S.; Lamb, N.; Quail, J.W.; Moloney, M.M.
- Source:
- Plant physiology 1997 v.114 no.2 pp. 419-428
- ISSN:
- 0032-0889
- Subject:
- Helianthus annuus; Brassica napus; measurement; chemical degradation; dose response; jasmonic acid; gene expression; Triticum aestivum; Nicotiana tabacum; esters; stereochemistry; enzyme activity; chemical structure; seed germination; transgenic plants; cotyledons; proteinase inhibitors; reporter genes; chemical constituents of plants; chlorophyll; beta-glucuronidase
- Abstract:
- ... The importance of the two chiral centers at C-3 and C-7 in the molecular structure of jasmonic acid in plant responses was investigated. We separated methyl jasmonate (MeJA) into (3R)- and (3S)-isomers with a fixed stereochemistry at C-3, but epimerization at C-7 is possible. The four isomers of the nonepimerizable analog 7-methyl MeJA were synthesized. These six esters and their corresponding aci ...
- Author:
- Zhang, W.H.; Rengel, Z.; Kuo, J.
- Source:
- plant journal 1998 v.15 no.1 pp. 147-151
- ISSN:
- 0960-7412
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum; roots; cytochemistry; temperature; cytoplasm; esters; esterases; cell membranes; diffusion; fluorescence; hydrogen peroxide; ionophores; inorganic ions; calcium; cell wall components
- Abstract:
- ... Loading of Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent probes into plant cells is an essential step to measuring activities of cytoplasmic free Ca2+ ions with a fluorescent imaging technique. A major barrier to the loading of the fluorescent probes into plant cells using the acetoxymethyl (AM) esters of the Ca2+-sensitive dyes is the presence of cell-wall associated esterases. These esterases hydrolyse the esterif ...
- DOI:
- 10.1046/j.1365-313X.1998.00188.x
- https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.1998.00188.x
- Author:
- Liaquat, M.; Owusu Apenten, R.K.
- Source:
- Journal of food science 2000 v.65 no.2 pp. 295-299
- ISSN:
- 0022-1147
- Subject:
- seed germination; acetic acid; Zea mays; hexanoic acid; Hordeum vulgare; Linum usitatissimum; seedlings; catalysts; triacylglycerol lipase; esterification; butyric acid; Triticum aestivum; Brassica napus; flavor compounds; molecular weight
- Abstract:
- ... Powders from germinated seedlings of wheat, barley, rapeseed, maize, and linola synthesized low molecular weight flavor esters in an organic medium (hexane). Direct esterification of acetic, butyric, and caproic acids, with ethanol, butanol, isopentanol, or (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol was achieved. Of the systems examined, germinated rapeseed showed the highest degree of flavor synthesis. (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl bu ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb15996.x
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb15996.x
- Author:
- Macias, F.A.; Velasco, R.F.; Castellano, D.; Galindo, J.C.G.
- Source:
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2005 v.53 no.9 pp. 3530-3539
- ISSN:
- 0021-8561
- Subject:
- water solubility; coleoptiles; seedling growth; herbicidal properties; quantitative structure-activity relationships; phytotoxicity; physiological transport; herbicides; wheat; bioassays; guaianolides; Triticum aestivum; plasma membrane
- Abstract:
- ... A quantitative structure-activity study to evaluate the effect of lipophilia/aqueous solubility on etiolated wheat coleoptiles elongation has been carried out with 34 guaianolides having different numbers of hydroxyl groups and ester side chains of variable length and structure: linear, branched, aromatic, and unsaturated. Compounds have been tested in a range of concentrations between 10 and 1000 ...
- DOI:
- 10.1021/jf048703d
- https://doi.org/10.1021/jf048703d
- Author:
- Aoki, Naohiro; Scofield, Graham N.; Wang, Xin-Ding; Offler, Christina E.; Patrick, John W.; Furbank, Robert T.
- Source:
- Plant physiology 2006 v.141 no.4 pp. 1255-1263
- ISSN:
- 0032-0889
- Subject:
- sieve elements; wheat; genes; roots; shoots; glucose; starch; solutes; Triticum aestivum; esters; phloem loading; hexoses; labeling techniques; in situ hybridization; germination; sucrose; transporters; yeasts; fluorescent dyes; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; aleurone cells; endosperm; maltose
- Abstract:
- ... Three homeologous genes encoding a sucrose (Suc) transporter (SUT) in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum), TaSUT1A, 1B, and 1D, were expressed in germinating seeds, where their function is unknown. All three TaSUT1 proteins were confirmed to be capable of transporting both Suc and maltose by complementation tests with the SUSY7/ura3 yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutant strain. The role of Suc t ...
- DOI:
- 10.1104/pp.106.082719
- PubMed:
- 16766668
- PubMed Central:
- PMC1533920
- https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.106.082719
- Author:
- Ma, Qing-Hu
- Source:
- Journal of experimental botany 2007 v.58 no.8 pp. 2011-2021
- ISSN:
- 0022-0957
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum; aldehydes; biosynthesis; complementary DNA; cultivars; enzyme activity; enzymes; esters; gene expression; genes; heading; leaves; lignin; messenger RNA; metabolites; phylogeny; recombinant proteins; roots; stems; wheat
- Abstract:
- ... Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) is responsible for the CoA ester to aldehyde conversion in monolignol biosynthesis, which diverts phenylpropanoid-derived metabolites into the biosynthesis of lignin. To gain a better understanding of lignin biosynthesis and its biological function, a cDNA encoding CCR was identified from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and designated as Ta-CCR1. Phylogenetic analysis i ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/jxb/erm064
- PubMed:
- 17452751
- https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erm064
- Author:
- Tranquet, Olivier; Saulnier, Luc; Utille, Jean-Pierre; Ralph, John; Guillon, Fabienne
- Source:
- Phytochemistry 2009 v.70 no.11-12 pp. 1366-1373
- ISSN:
- 0031-9422
- Subject:
- antibody formation; cell walls; tissue distribution; wheat; lignification; monoclonal antibodies; aleurone layer; p-coumaric acid; esterification; esters; Triticum aestivum; oligosaccharides; ferulic acid
- Abstract:
- ... p-Coumaric acid is one of the predominant phenolic acids acylating the cell walls of grasses; p-coumarates are mainly esterified by lignins and arabinoxylans. Here we describe the production and characterisation of two monoclonal antibodies against p-coumarates. The 5-O-pCou-Ara(1 leads to 4)Xyl was chemically synthesized and conjugated to a carrier protein. Two interesting antibodies were obtaine ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.06.019
- PubMed:
- 19712948
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.06.019
- Author:
- C.E. Greenhalf; D.J. Nowakowski; A.V. Bridgwater; J. Titiloye; N. Yates; A. Riche; I. Shield
- Source:
- Industrial crops and products 2012 v.36 no.1 pp. 449-459
- ISSN:
- 0926-6690
- Subject:
- Brassica napus; Panicum virgatum; Phalaris arundinacea; Triticum aestivum; acids; cellulose; cellulosic materials; crops; esters; grasses; hemicellulose; lignin; mass spectrometry; pyrolysis; wheat straw
- Abstract:
- ... The research is concerned with thermochemical characterisation of straws and high yielding perennial grasses. Crops selected for this study include wheat straw (Triticum aestivum), rape straw (Brassica napus), reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) and switch grass (Panicum virgatum). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to examine the distribution of char and volatiles during pyrolysis up ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.10.025
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.10.025
- Author:
- Martina Buchholz; Astrid M. Drotleff; Waldemar Ternes
- Source:
- Journal of cereal science 2012 v.56 no.1 pp. 109-114
- ISSN:
- 0733-5210
- Subject:
- inflorescences; Triticosecale; flowering; wheat; high performance liquid chromatography; thiamin; barley; Hordeum vulgare; fluorescence; Triticum aestivum; esters; phosphates; seed development; Secale cereale; adenosine triphosphate; rye; oats; Avena sativa; triticale; whole grain foods
- Abstract:
- ... Non-phosphorylated thiamin (T), thiamin monophosphate (TMP), and thiamin diphosphate (TDP) were extracted from whole grains of wheat (Triticum aestivum, cv. Dekan), triticale (Triticosecale, cv. SW Talentro), rye (Secale cereale, cv. Agronom), oats (Avena sativa, cv. Dominik), and barley (Hordeum vulgare, cv. Merlot) at different growth stages (from inflorescence emergence to full ripeness of the ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.jcs.2011.11.009
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2011.11.009
- Author:
- Sherif H. Morgan; Sylvia Lindberg; Karl H. Mühling
- Source:
- Physiologia plantarum 2013 v.149 no.3 pp. 321-328
- ISSN:
- 0031-9317
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum; calcium; cultivars; cytosol; dyes; esters; fluorescence microscopy; homeostasis; ions; leaves; nutrient solutions; pH; protoplasts; salinity; salt tolerance; sodium chloride; wheat
- Abstract:
- ... Salinity causes changes in cytosolic Ca²⁺, [Ca²⁺]cyₜ, Na⁺, [Na⁺]cyₜ and pH, pHcyₜ, which induce specific reactions and signals. Reactions causing a rebalancing of the physiological homeostasis of the cytosol could result in plant resistance and growth. Two wheat cultivars, Triticum aestivum, Seds1 and Vinjett, were grown in nutrient solution for 7 days under moderate salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) wi ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/ppl.12036
- PubMed:
- 23413983
- https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.12036
12. The Chemistry and Biochemistry of Organic Components in the Soil Solutions of Wheat Rhizospheres
- Author:
- Carlos M. Monreal; Morris Schnitzer
- Source:
- Advances in agronomy 2013 v.121 no. pp. 179-251
- ISSN:
- 0065-2113
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum; alkanes; amino acids; carbohydrates; centrifugation; developmental stages; energy resources; esters; fatty acids; flavonoids; free radicals; humic substances; ionization; leaves; lignin; mass spectrometry; metabolites; nutrients; rhizosphere; soil; soil microorganisms; soil solution; sterols; suberin; synthesis; wheat
- Abstract:
- ... As very little is known about the chemical identities of organic compounds present in soil solutions, the purpose of this research was to chemically characterize soil solutions obtained from a Brunisol on which wheat (Triticum aestivum) was grown to maturity. Soil solutions were obtained by high-speed centrifugation from the rhizospheres at four growth stages of wheat: four leaves unfolded, flag l ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/B978-0-12-407685-3.00004-9
- https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-407685-3.00004-9
- Author:
- Fauziah Tufail Ahmad; Robert E. Asenstorfer; Imelda R. Soriano; Daryl J. Mares
- Source:
- Journal of cereal science 2013 v.58 no.3 pp. 408-413
- ISSN:
- 0733-5210
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum; Triticum turgidum subsp. durum; color; durum wheat; esterification; esters; food handling; food industry; lutein; shelf life; temperature
- Abstract:
- ... The creamy colour of many wheat-based end-products is conferred by endogenous lutein. During post-harvest storage of grain, free lutein may be converted in part to potentially more stable lutein mono- and di-fatty acid esters. This study investigates the synthesis of lutein esters and stability of free lutein and lutein esters over a wide range of temperatures in grain of a high lutein bread wheat ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.08.004
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2013.08.004
- Author:
- Victoria L. Taylor; Ian Cummins; Melissa Brazier-Hicks; Robert Edwards
- Source:
- Environmental and experimental botany 2013 v.88 pp. 93-99
- ISSN:
- 0098-8472
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum; carboxylic acids; chemistry; esters; gene induction; glutathione transferase; heavy metals; herbicide resistance; herbicide safeners; herbicides; leaves; metabolism; oils; pollutants; polluted soils; protective effect; seedling growth; seedlings; seeds; wheat
- Abstract:
- ... Safeners are agrochemicals which enhance tolerance to herbicides in cereals including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by elevating the expression of xenobiotic detoxifying enzymes, such as glutathione transferases (GSTs). When wheat plants were spray-treated with three safener chemistries, namely cloquintocet mexyl, mefenpyr diethyl and fenchlorazole ethyl, an apparently identical subset of GSTs deri ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.12.030
- PubMed:
- 23564986
- PubMed Central:
- PMC3608025
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.12.030
- Author:
- Harminder Pal Singh; Shalinder Kaur; Sunil Mittal; Daizy R. Batish; Ravinder K. Kohli
- Source:
- Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.63 no.9-10 pp. 663-666
- ISSN:
- 0939-5075
- Subject:
- Artemisia scoparia; Avena sativa; Triticum aestivum; alcohols; chlorophyll; dose response; essential oils; esters; germination; ketones; leaves; limonene; myrcene; oils; p-cymene; phytotoxicity; seedling growth; sesquiterpenoids; weeds
- Abstract:
- ... The phytotoxicity of the three major monoterpene constituents of the essential oil from leaves of Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit. (redstem wormwood) was investigated. GC/GCMS analysis revealed that the essential oil (yield 0.84%) is a complex mixture containing 19 monoterpenes, 7 sesquiterpenes and 15 other compounds - aliphatic alcohols, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons and esters. The three majo ...
- DOI:
- 10.1515/znc-2008-9-1009
- https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2008-9-1009
- Author:
- Fauziah Tufail Ahmad; Diane E. Mather; Hai-Yunn Law; Ming Li; Sana Abdul-Jabbar Yousif; Ken J. Chalmers; Robert E. Asenstorfer; Daryl J. Mares
- Source:
- Journal of cereal science 2015 v.64 pp. 109-115
- ISSN:
- 0733-5210
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum; biosynthesis; carboxylic ester hydrolases; esterification; esters; genes; humans; loci; lutein; parents; rice; tissues; wheat
- Abstract:
- ... Lutein is a naturally occurring plant carotenoid compound that is also an important micro-nutrient for humans. While the biosynthesis of lutein in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is well understood, in contrast, there is little information on the mechanism or the genetic control involved in conversion of lutein to lutein esters during storage of wheat grain. The purpose of this research was to ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.jcs.2015.05.007
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2015.05.007
- Author:
- Radu C. Racovita; Shelly Hen-Avivi; Josefina-Patricia Fernandez-Moreno; Antonio Granell; Asaph Aharoni; Reinhard Jetter
- Source:
- Phytochemistry 2016 v.130 pp. 182-192
- ISSN:
- 0031-9422
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum; aldehydes; alkanes; alkylresorcinols; biochemical pathways; coatings; epicuticular wax; esterification; esters; fatty acids; flame ionization; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; isomers; leaf blade; peduncle; terpenoids; wheat
- Abstract:
- ... The work herein presents comprehensive analyses of the cuticular wax mixtures covering the flag leaf blade and peduncle of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. Bethlehem. Overall, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Flame Ionization Detection revealed a wax coverage of flag leaf blades (16 μg/cm2) a third that of peduncles (49 μg/cm2). Flag leaf blade wax was dominated by 1-alkanols, while ped ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.05.003
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.05.003
- Author:
- Weining Wan; Shuzhen Zhang; Honglin Huang; Tong Wu
- Source:
- Environmental pollution 2016 v.214 pp. 349-353
- ISSN:
- 0269-7491
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum; agricultural land; esters; hydrophobicity; phosphates; soil; waste treatment; wheat; China
- Abstract:
- ... This study for the first time reported the occurrence, distribution and concentrations of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in soils caused by plastic waste treatment, as well as their influence on OPE accumulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Eight OPEs were detected with the total concentrations of 38–1250 ng/g dry weight in the soils from the treatment sites, and tributoxyethyl phosphate and tr ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.038
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.038
- Author:
- Wan Weining; Huang Honglin; Lv Jitao; Han Ruixia; Zhang Shuzhen
- Source:
- Environmental Science & Technology 2017 v.51 no.23 pp. 13649-13658
- ISSN:
- 1520-5851
- Subject:
- Triticum aestivum; binding capacity; biotransformation; environmental science; enzymes; esters; hydrophobicity; hydroponics; hydroxylation; lipid transfer proteins; metabolites; molecular models; roots; wheat
- Abstract:
- ... The uptake, translocation and biotransformation of organophosphate esters (OPEs) by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were investigated by a hydroponic experiment. The results demonstrated that OPEs with higher hydrophobicity were more easily taken up by roots, and OPEs with lower hydrophobicity were more liable to be translocated acropetally. A total of 43 metabolites including dealkylated, oxidativel ...
- DOI:
- 10.1021/acs.est.7b01758
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b01758
- Author:
- Ian R. Willick; Rachid Lahlali; Perumal Vijayan; David Muir; Chithra Karunakaran; Karen K. Tanino
- Source:
- Physiologia plantarum 2018 v.162 no.3 pp. 316-332
- ISSN:
- 0031-9317
- Subject:
- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Triticum aestivum; X-radiation; cultivars; drought; drought tolerance; epicuticular wax; esters; filling period; fluorescence emission spectroscopy; harvest index; leaves; reflectance spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy; water content; water stress; water use efficiency; wheat; zinc; Canada
- Abstract:
- ... Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the largest cereal crop grown in Western Canada where drought during late vegetative and seed filling stages affects plant development and yield. To identify new physiochemical markers associated with drought tolerance, epidermal characteristics of the flag leaf of two wheat cultivars with contrasting drought tolerance were investigated. The drought resistant ‘Stett ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/ppl.12637
- https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.12637