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1. Catalytic carboxylation of fats. carboxy acids and esters from monounsaturates

Author:
Frankel, E.N.; Thomas, F.L.
Source:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1973 v.50 no.2 pp. 39-43
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
olive oil; safflower oil; oleic acid; carboxylation; stearic acid; esters; catalysts; palladium; solvents; acetone; acetic acid; autoxidation; isomerization
Abstract:
... A highly selective catalytic, one-step synthesis converts oleic acid into 9(10)-carboxystearic acid in high yields (85-99%). Hydrocarboxylation with water and carbon monoxide under pressure (3000-4000 psi) is catalyzed with a mixture of palladium chloride and triphenylphosphine at 120-150 C with or without acetone or acetic acid solvents. Palladium supported on carbon is also an effective hydrocar ...
Handle:
10113/31279
DOI:
10.1007/BF02886865

2. Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of Soil Humic Fractions: I. The Low Boiling Point Compounds

Author:
F. Martin; C. Saiz-Jimenez; A. Cert
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1977 v.41 no.6 pp. 1114-1118
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Haplorthods; Hapludults; Podzols; Rhodoxeralfs; acetaldehyde; acetic acid; acetone; acetonitrile; benzene; boiling point; ethane; ethylene; fulvic acids; furfural; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; humic acids; methane; phenol; polysaccharides; propane; propylene; proteins; pyridines; spectrometers; toluene
Abstract:
... Pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry studies of fulvic and humic acids from different soils: Calcic Rhodoxeralf, Typic Xerochrept, Typic Chromoxeret, Andic Hapludult, Humic Haplorthod, Typic Haplorthod and a Canadian Orthic Humo-Ferric Podzol were made. Samples were pyrolyzed at 700°C for 10 sec, and low boiling point compounds were separated in a Chromosorb 102 column. Peaks were identi ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1977.03615995004100060020x

3. Products of wheat straw biodegradation by Cyathus stercoreus

Author:
Abbott, T.P.; James, C.; Plattner, R.D.
Source:
ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society 1983 v.214 pp. 267-284
ISSN:
0097-6156
Subject:
wheat straw; biodegradation; Cyathus; molecular weight; lignin; carbon; syringic acid; vanillic acid; 4-hydroxybenzoic acid; acetic acid; carbon dioxide; gases; ethanol; methanol; acetone; fermentation; ligninolytic microorganisms; polysaccharides
Abstract:
... The residual biodegradation produces of wheat straw lignin attacked by Cyathus stercoreus for thirty days were identified. Low-molecular-weight nonvolatile materials constituted less than 5% of the total 14C released from labeled lignin. In this portion, syringic acid, vanillic acid, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, acetic acid, and 2-methoxy-succinic acid were found. The majority of the water-soluble biod ...
Handle:
10113/28670

4. Lactobacillus- and bifidobacterium-mediated antigenotoxicity in the colon of rats

Author:
Pool-Zobel, B.L.; Neudecker, C.; Domizlaff, I.; Ji, S.; Schillinger, U.; Rumney, C.; Moretti, M.; Vilarini, I.; Scassellati-Sforzolini, R.; Rowland, I.
Source:
Nutrition and cancer 1996 v.26 no.3 pp. 365-380
ISSN:
0163-5581
Subject:
genotoxicity; heat treatment; extracts; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Lactobacillus gasseri; Bifidobacterium longum; acetone; Bifidobacterium breve; glutathione; dose response; Weissella confusa; cell walls; glutathione transferase; DNA; cytoplasm; Streptococcus thermophilus; beta-glucosidase; colon; strain differences; inactivation; cytochrome P-450; N-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine; duration; sodium chloride; rats; enzyme activity; acetic acid; liver; freeze drying; lactic acid bacteria; oxidoreductases; cultured cells; animal models; 1,2-dimethylhydrazine; beta-glucuronidase
Abstract:
... Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are proposed to have several beneficial effects, including the inactivation of carcinogens. We have studied the potential of Lactobacillus acidophilus (from a commercially available yogurt), Lactobacillus gasseri (P79), Lactobacillus confusus (DSM 20196), Streptococcus thermophilus (NCIM 50083), Bifidobacterium breve and Bifidobacterium longum (from human infant stool) t ...
DOI:
10.1080/01635589609514492
PubMed:
8910918

5. Reactions of pyrimidinonethione derivatives: Synthesis of 2-hydrazinopyrimidin-4-one, pyrimido[1,2-a]-1,2,4-triazine, triazolo-[1,2-a]pyrimidine, 2-(1-pyrazolo)pyrimidine and 2-arylhydrazonopyrimidine derivatives

Author:
Fawzy A. Attaby; Sanaa M. Eldin; Eman A. Z. Hanafi
Source:
Archives of pharmacal research 1997 v.20 no.6 pp. 620-628
ISSN:
0253-6269
Subject:
acetic acid; acetone; carbon disulfide; esters; formic acid; hydrazine; iodides; spectral analysis; sulfur
Abstract:
... 6-Aryl-5-cyano-4-pyrimidinon-2-thione derivatives1a-c reacted with ethyl iodide to give the corresponded 2-S-ethylpyrimidin-4-one derivatives2a-c. Compounds2a-c was, in turn, reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give the sulfur free reaction products,3a-c. These reaction products were taken as the starting materials for the synthesis of several newly synthesized heterocyclic derivatives. Reactions wi ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF02975221

6. Crystal and molecular structure of an enantiomeric gossypol-acetic acid clathrate

Author:
Dowd, Michael K.; Thomas, Leonard M.; Calhoun, Millard C.
Source:
journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1999 v.76 no.11 pp. 1343-1350
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; acetic acid; acetone; air; coatings; crystals; enantiomers; gossypol; high performance liquid chromatography; mineral oil; naphthalene
Abstract:
... Single crystals of gossypol with three molecules of acetic acid (gossypol triacetic acid) were grown from solutions of gossypol acetic acid and acetone. The crystals were unstable in air but could be stabilized for X-ray diffraction analysis by coating the crystal surfaces with a thin layer of mineral oil. The gossypol triacetic acid complex (C₃₀H₃₀O₈·3C₂H₄O₂) forms an orthorhombic crystal system ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-999-0148-6

7. Effects of intraruminal isopropyl alcohol infusions on the ruminating behavior of goats

Author:
Asato, N.; Hirata, T.; Hirayama, T.; Onodera, R.; Shinjo, A.; Oshiro, S.
ISSN:
1011-2367
Subject:
acetone; rumination; blood lipids; acetic acid; valeric acid; goats; blood glucose; hematocrit; biochemical pathways; isopropyl alcohol; butyric acid; duration; propionic acid; feed intake; blood plasma; mastication
DOI:
10.5713/ajas.2002.1134

8. Conversions of some small organic compounds with metal oxides in supercritical water at 673 K

Author:
Masaru Watanabe; Toru Iida; Yuichi Aizawa; Haruo Ura; Hiroshi Inomata; Kunio Arai
Source:
Green chemistry 2003 v.5 no.5 pp. 539-544
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
acetic acid; acetone; acidity; batch systems; catalysts; catalytic activity; ceric oxide; decarboxylation; dehydrogenation; formaldehyde; glucose; green chemistry; hydrogen; isopropyl alcohol; propylene; sodium hydroxide; sulfuric acid; titanium dioxide; zirconium oxide
Abstract:
... Reactions of formaldehyde (HCHO), acetic acid (CH₃COOH), 2-propanol (2-PrOH), and glucose with some metal oxides (CeO₂, MoO₃, TiO₂, and ZrO₂) were conducted in supercritical water at 673 K and 25–35 MPa, using batch reactors. For the reactions of HCHO, CeO₂ and ZrO₂ showed basicity, on the other hand, MoO₃ and TiO₂ were acid catalysts. ZrO₂ catalyst promoted bimolecular decarboxylation of CH₃COOH ...
DOI:
10.1039/b304686a

9. Dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in sub- and supercritical acetone

Author:
M. Bicker; J. Hirth; H. Vogel
Source:
Green chemistry 2003 v.5 no.2 pp. 280-284
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
acetic acid; acetone; acetonitrile; boiling; dicarboxylic acids; dimethyl sulfoxide; dimethylformamide; fructose; green chemistry; hydroxymethylfurfural; methanol; oxidation; solvents
Abstract:
... The dehydration of d-fructose (1) to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF, 2) is a well known reaction (acid-induced elimination of three moles of water), performed by many investigators during the last three decades.1,2 HMF and its oxidation product 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid are so called ‘sleeping giants’ in the field of intermediate chemicals from regrowing resources. HMF is a key substance between ca ...
DOI:
10.1039/b211468b

10. Lipolysis and volatile compounds in low-fat Kefalograviera-type cheese made with commercial special starter cultures

Author:
Kondyli, E.; Massouras, T.; Katsiari, M.C.; Voutsinas, L.P.
Source:
Food chemistry 2003 v.82 no.2 pp. 203-209
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
acetic acid; acetoin; acetone; lipolysis; low fat cheeses; starter cultures; volatile compounds
Abstract:
... Two commercially available starter culture systems, Alp DIP and a mixture of Alp DIP D and Joghurt V1, were compared with a regular starter culture, CH-1, for their effects on lipolysis and volatile compounds in a low-fat (9.5%), high moisture (49.6%) Kefalograviera-type cheese during aging. A full-fat control Kefalograviera cheese (30.8% fat, 37.8% moisture) was also made with the regular starter ...
DOI:
10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00513-7

11. Improvements of GC and HPLC analyses in solvent (acetone-butanol-ethanol) fermentation by Clostridium saccharobutylicum using a mixture of starch and glycerol as carbon source

Author:
Liew Shiau Tsuey; Arbakariya Bin Ariff; Rosfarizan Mohamad; Raha Abdul Rahim
Source:
Biotechnology and bioprocess engineering 2006 v.11 no.4 pp. 293-298
ISSN:
1226-8372
Subject:
Clostridium saccharolyticum; acetic acid; acetone; butanol; butyric acid; carbon; culture media; ethanol; fermentation; glucose; glycerol; high performance liquid chromatography; maltose; sago; solvents; starch; temperature
Abstract:
... A study on the feasibility of using improved computer-controlled HPLC and GC systems was carried out to shorten the time needed for measuring levels of the substrates (glucose, maltose, and glycerol) and products (acetone, butanol ethanol, acetic acid, and butyric acid) produced by Clostridium saccharobutylicum DSM 13864 during direct fermentation of sago starch to solvent. The use of HPLC system ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF03026243

12. A New Method for Determination of Chlorophylls in Freshwater Algae

Author:
Huang, Ting-Lin; Cong, Hai-Bing
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2007 v.129 no.1-3 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
acetone; acetic acid; freshwater; glass fibers; methodology; solvents; chlorophyll; ethanol; China
Abstract:
... A new method (NMM, using acetic acid fiber filter and 90% ethanol) was established to determine chlorophyll in freshwater algae, and it was compared with US standard method (USM, using glass fiber filter and 90% acetone) and the method recommend by EPA of China (CHM, using acetic acid fiber filter and 90% acetone). The precision and repeatability of NMM is equivalent to that of USM, but NMM is saf ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-006-9419-y

13. Comparison of the characteristics of set type yoghurt made from ovine milk of different fat content

Author:
Kaminarides, Stelios; Stamou, Paraskeri; Massouras, Theophiles
Source:
International journal of food science & technology 2007 v.42 no.9 pp. 1019-1028
ISSN:
0950-5423
Subject:
acetaldehyde; acetic acid; acetone; citric acid; diacetyl; ewe milk; firmness; flavor; flavor compounds; galactose; high performance liquid chromatography; lactic acid; lactose; lipid content; milk; nonprotein nitrogen; pH; pyruvic acid; sheep; texture; total solids; volatile compounds; yogurt
Abstract:
... Characteristics of four types of yoghurt made from ovine milk containing 6.6%, 3.8%, 2.3%, or 0.9% fat respectively were studied. The yoghurt produced from ovine milk with high fat had the highest flavour and texture scores, fat and total solids content and firmness, but the lowest syneresis, lactic acid and galactose content. Low-fat yoghurts can be successfully produced from homogenised ovine mi ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2621.2006.01320.x

14. Electromigration of a heteroconjugated imidazole-acetate complex in ACN

Author:
Porras, Simo P.; Jussila, Matti
Source:
Electrophoresis 2007 v.28 no.20 pp. 3590-3599
ISSN:
0173-0835
Subject:
acetates; acetic acid; acetone; anions; electrophoresis; equations; hydrogen bonding; ionic strength; methanol
Abstract:
... ACN is an extremely poor hydrogen bond donor and therefore the anions dissolved in it are solvated mainly by other hydrogen bond donors (e.g. uncharged acids) possibly present in the solution. Under properly selected experimental conditions stabilization via hydrogen bonding can be used for separation in CE as has been demonstrated for uncharged acids by several authors. Electromigration based on ...
DOI:
10.1002/elps.200700291

15. Volatile organic compounds emissions in Norway spruce (Picea abies) in response to temperature changes

Author:
Filella, Iolanda; Wilkinson, Michael J.; Llusià, Joan; Hewitt, C. Nicholas; Peñuelas, Josep
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 2007 v.130 no.1 pp. 58-66
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
Picea abies; acetaldehyde; acetic acid; acetone; algorithms; emissions; leaves; light intensity; methanol; methyl salicylate; monitoring; monoterpenoids; prediction; protons; saplings; spectrometers; stomatal conductance; temperature; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from Norway spruce (Picea abies) saplings were monitored in response to a temperature ramp. Online measurements were made with a proton transfer reaction - mass spectrometer under controlled conditions, together with plant physiological variables. Masses corresponding to acetic acid and acetone were the most emitted VOCs. The emission rates of m137 (monote ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1399-3054.2007.00881.x

16. Chemical stability of haloperidol injection by high performance thin-layer chromatography

Author:
Mennickent, Sigrid; Pino, Loreto; Vega, Mario; de Diego, Marta
Source:
Journal of separation science 2008 v.31 no.1 pp. 201-206
ISSN:
1615-9306
Subject:
acetic acid; acetone; glass; haloperidol; quantitative analysis; refrigeration; silica gel; storage conditions; temperature; thin layer chromatography; wavelengths
Abstract:
... The chemical stability of haloperidol lactate injection was studied under different storage conditions by high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The study was performed at 25 ± 2°C and at refrigeration temperature (8 ± 1°C) in original glass ampoules over 15 days after being opened. The samples tested at 25 ± 2°C were stored with exposure to and protection from light. Chromatographic ...
DOI:
10.1002/jssc.200700404
PubMed:
18080244

17. Effect of low-molecular additives on precipitation of potato fruit juice proteins under different temperature regimes

Author:
BÁRTA, JAN; HEŘMANOVÁ, VERONIKA; DIVIŠ, JIŘÍ
Source:
Journal of food process engineering 2008 v.31 no.4 pp. 533-547
ISSN:
0145-8876
Subject:
acetone; acetic acid; potato protein; methanol; inorganic salts; starch; potatoes; solvents; citric acid; temperature; fruit juices; ethanol
Abstract:
... The effects of two mineral and two organic acids, four organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, 2-propano and acetone) and three inorganic metal salts in combination with temperature regimes 0 and 22C on the yield and resolubility of potato tuber proteins were studied. Using acids, the yield of precipitated protein ranged from 22.3% (citric acid, 0C) to 54.5% (acetic acid, 22C) of total protein; howev ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-4530.2007.00167.x

18. Extracellular glycosyl hydrolase activity of the Clostridium strains producing acetone, butanol, and ethanol

Author:
Berezina, O. V.; Sineoky, S. P.; Velikodvorskaya, G. A.; Schwarz, W.; Zverlov, V. V.
Source:
Applied biochemistry and microbiology 2008 v.44 no.1 pp. 42-47
ISSN:
0003-6838
Subject:
Clostridium acetobutylicum; acetic acid; acetone; beta-glucans; biomass; butanol; butyric acid; ethanol; starch; wheat flour
Abstract:
... Production of acetone, butanol, ethanol, acetic acid, and butyric acid by three strains of anaerobic bacteria, which we identified as Clostridium acetobutylicum, was studied. The yield of acetone and alcohols in 6% wheat flour medium amounted to 12.7-15 g/l with butanol constituting 51.0-55.6%. Activities of these strains towards xylan, β-glucan, carboxymethylcellulose, and crystalline and amorpho ...
DOI:
10.1134/S0003683808010079

19. Interannual and seasonal changes in the soil exchange rates of monoterpenes and other VOCs in a Mediterranean shrubland

Author:
Asensio, D.; Peñuelas, J.; Prieto, P.; Estiarte, M.; Filella, I.; Llusià, J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2008 v.59 no.5 pp. 878-891
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
acetaldehyde; acetates; acetic acid; acetone; drought; emissions; foliar uptake; inventories; methanol; monoterpenoids; phenology; roots; seasonal variation; shrublands; soil ecology; soil temperature; soil water; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Information about soil VOC inventories and exchange rates in different soils is very scarce. Seasonality of soil VOC exchange rates is also largely unknown, despite the increasing interest in some soil volatile compounds, such as monoterpenes, because of their important role in soil ecology. We aimed to explore and quantify soil VOC exchange rates in a Mediterranean shrubland and their seasonality ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2008.01057.x

20. Multisimplex Optimisation of the Purge-and-Trap Preconcentration of Volatile Fatty Acids, Phenols and Indoles in Cow Slurries

Author:
Larreta, Joana; Bilbao, Urdax; Vallejo, Asier; Usobiaga, Aresatz; Arana, Gorka; Zuloaga, Olatz
Source:
Chromatographia 2008 v.67 no.1-2 pp. 93-99
ISSN:
0009-5893
Subject:
acetic acid; acetone; ambient temperature; baking; carbon; cows; desorption; detection limit; gas chromatography; headspace analysis; heat; hexanoic acid; indoles; ionization; nuts; phenol; polytetrafluoroethylene; propionic acid; silica gel; slurries; sodium chloride; volatile fatty acids
Abstract:
... In this work the simultaneous purge-and-trap (P&T) preconcentration of volatile fatty acids (acetic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, iso-butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, iso-pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid and heptanoic acid), phenols (phenol, 4-methylphenol and 4-ethylphenol) and indoles (indole and 3-methylindole) from cow slurries was carried out in order to quantify them by gas chromatography ...
DOI:
10.1365/s10337-007-0441-1