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1. Extraordinarily High Dielectric Breakdown Strength of Multilayer Polyelectrolyte Thin Films

Author:
Ethan T. Iverson; Hsu-Cheng Chiang; Thomas J. Kolibaba; Kendra Schmieg; Jaime C. Grunlan
Source:
Macromolecules 2022 v.55 no.8 pp. 3151-3158
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
anions; cations; crosslinking; electronics; molecular weight; polymers
Abstract:
... The increased use of high-voltage electronics requires higher performance dielectric materials. These electrically insulating layers need as high of a dielectric breakdown strength as possible. Herein, multiple polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer assemblies were studied as high-voltage insulators. The influences of molecular weight, polymer backbone architecture, and thermal cross-linking were investig ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00259

2. How to Predict the Order of Phase Separation of Polyelectrolyte Complexes and Their Miscibility

Author:
Marcos Vinícius Aquino Queirós; Watson Loh
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2022 v.126 no.28 pp. 5362-5373
ISSN:
1520-5207
Subject:
anions; cations; pH; physical chemistry; separation; stoichiometry; titration
Abstract:
... The mixture of two oppositely charged polyelectrolyte solutions results in complexation that may lead to an associative phase separation, forming a highly concentrated phase in both polyelectrolytes in equilibrium with a dilute phase. In this work, we aim to investigate what controls the order of complexation when more polyelectrolytes of the same charge are present. For this, the effect of the ad ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03454

3. Inkjet printed polyelectrolyte multilayer membrane using a polyketone support for organic solvent nanofiltration

Author:
Chen Wang; Myoung Jun Park; Dong Han Seo; Sherub Phuntsho; Ralph Rolly Gonzales; Hideto Matsuyama; Enrico Drioli; Ho Kyong Shon
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2022 v.642 pp. 119943
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
acetone; anions; carbon nanotubes; cations; crosslinking; dyes; ethanol; methanol; nanofiltration; polyethyleneimine; sodium; solvents; sulfonates
Abstract:
... This study investigates the inkjet printing technique as an efficient way to fabricate polyelectrolyte multilayer membranes (PEM) for organic solvent nanofiltrtaion (OSN). Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) were used as polycation and polyanion, respectively. Single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) was incorporated into membranes to enhance the membrane physical and c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119943

4. One-Step Water-Induced Phase Separation Simultaneously Triggering Polymer Solidification and Polyelectrolyte Complexation for Porous Ultrafiltration Membranes

Author:
Jincheng Din; Huiqing Wu; Peiyi Wu
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2022 v.14 no.6 pp. 8482-8489
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
anions; bovine serum albumin; cations; chitosan; dimethyl sulfoxide; dopamine; molecular weight; polyacrylic acid; separation; solidification; ultrafiltration
Abstract:
... Functional additives have been widely utilized for the membrane structure modulation and performance improvement during the nonsolvent-induced phase separation process, but the resulted membranes easily suffer from additives’ inhomogeneous dispersity and compatibility with the polymer matrix. Herein, a facile and robust strategy, i.e., one-step water-induced phase separation, was proposed for the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.1c24059

5. Polarity studies of single polyelectrolyte layers in polyelectrolyte multilayers probed by steady state and life time doxorubicin fluorescence

Author:
Hernan Martinelli; Elisamaria Tasca; Patrizia Andreozzi; Sara Libertone; Hernan Ritacco; Mauro Giustini; Sergio E. Moya
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2022 v.607 pp. 153-162
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
anions; cations; doxorubicin; electrostatic interactions; fluorescence; polyacrylic acid; polyallylamines; polystyrenes; sulfonates
Abstract:
... Polarity in polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) may vary from the inner to the top layers of the film as the charge compensation of the layers is more effective inside the PEMs than in outer layers. Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DX) is used here to sense polarity at the single polyelectrolyte level inside PEMS. DX is complexed electrostatically to a polyanion, either polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) or pol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.207

6. Rigid Bay-Conjugated Perylene Bisimide Rotors: Solvent-Induced Excited-State Symmetry Breaking and Resonance-Enhanced Two-Photon Absorption

Author:
Wan Feng; Qingwei Jiang; Zhaolong Wang; Jianyang Zang; Gang Wang; Ke Liu; Haonan Peng; Taihong Liu; Liping Ding; Yu Fang
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2022 v.126 no.26 pp. 4939-4947
ISSN:
1520-5207
Subject:
absorption; anions; architecture; cations; couplings; emissions; journals; molecular rotors; nonlinear models; optical properties; rotors; solvents; synergism; wavelengths
Abstract:
... Intramolecular charge transfer and excited-state symmetry breaking have a significant effect on the nonlinear optical properties of multipolar chromophores. Rigid and nonplanar perylene bisimide derivatives (PBIs) functionalized at bay positions were comparatively and comprehensively investigated. In apolar solvents, two quadrupolar molecular rotors showed an obvious decrease of the A₀₋₀/A₀₋₁ rati ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c02620

7. Site-specific sulfur-for-metal replacement in a silver nanocluster

Author:
Ya-Ge Wu; Jia-Hong Huang; Chong Zhang; Xiang-Kun Guo; Wei-Na Wu; Xi-Yan Dong; Shuang-Quan Zang
Source:
Chemical communications 2022 v.58 no.52 pp. 7321-7324
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
anions; cations; chemical communication; electrons; nanoparticles; nanosilver; singlet oxygen
Abstract:
... A new Ag₃₆ nanocluster with a closed electronic structure and eight valence electrons is reported, which has a similar structure to that of an open-shell Ag₃₄ nanocluster with three valence electrons, except that in the shell two (Ag-PPh₃)⁺ cations replace two S²⁻ anions specifically. The fine structural modulation leads to various levels of activity for singlet oxygen photogeneration due to the d ...
DOI:
10.1039/d2cc00794k

8. Two Sides of the Same Coin: A Unified Theoretical Treatment of Polyelectrolyte Complexation in Solution and Layer-by-Layer Films

Author:
Gabriel Debais; Mario Tagliazucchi
Source:
Macromolecules 2022 v.55 no.12 pp. 5263-5275
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
adsorption; anions; cations; chemical equilibrium; ionic strength; pH; salt concentration
Abstract:
... Polyelectrolyte coacervates, obtained by mixing solutions of oppositely charged polyions, and layer-by-layer films, produced by sequential adsorption of polyelectrolytes on a surface, are two types of closely related soft materials. While both types of materials are produced by polyelectrolyte complexation, their theoretical description had so far followed divergent paths. This work reports a unif ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00250

9. Understanding Selectivity in Solute–Solute Separation: Definitions, Measurements, and Comparability

Author:
Ruoyu Wang; Junwei Zhang; Chuyang Y. Tang; Shihong Lin
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.4 pp. 2605-2616
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
anions; cations; environmental science; environmental technology; exhibitions; feeds; measurement; nanofiltration; permeability; salting; salts; solutes
Abstract:
... The development of membranes capable of precise solute–solute separation is still in its burgeoning stage without a standardized protocol for evaluating selectivity. Three types of membrane processes with different driving forces, including pressure-driven filtration, concentration difference-driven diffusion, and electric field-driven ion migration, have been applied in this study to characterize ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06176

10. A comparison of complexation induced brittleness in PEI/PSS and PEI/NaPSS single-step coatings

Author:
Jiaying Li; Ameya Krishna B; Gerard van Ewijk; Derk Jan van Dijken; Wiebe M. de Vos; Jasper van der Gucht
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2022 v.648 pp. 129143
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
anions; brittleness; cations; evaporation; pH; separation; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... In the field of coatings, there is a major trend towards the reduction of volatile organic compounds by developing water-based alternatives for traditional solvent-based paints. Complexes of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes have recently emerged as a promising candidate for such coatings. Recently, we developed an ammonia-evaporation induced complexation approach to form polyelectrolyte complex ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129143

11. Ammonium sulfate production from wastewater and low-grade sulfuric acid using bipolar- and cation-exchange membranes

Author:
Hui Guo; Pengyi Yuan; Vladimir Pavlovic; John Barber; Younggy Kim
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2021 v.285 pp. 124888
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
ammonia; ammonium sulfate; anion-exchange membranes; anions; cation-exchange membranes; cations; chlorides; dewatering; electric current; electric energy consumption; electric potential difference; electrodialysis; energy efficiency; flow; fouling; separation; sludge; sulfuric acid; wastewater; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... Conventional electrodialysis can be used to recover ammonia from dewatering centrate (i.e., down-stream wastewater from digested sludge dewatering). However, ionic impurities of the recovered ammonia solution are still a limiting factor for broad applications of ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) in wastewater treatment and resource recovery. In this study, an electrodialysis stack with bipolar membran ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124888

12. Application of the Entropy Weighted Water Quality Index (EWQI) and the Pollution Index of Groundwater (PIG) to Assess Groundwater Quality for Drinking Purposes: A Case Study in a Rural Area of Telangana State, India

Author:
Narsimha Adimalla
Source:
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2021 v.80 no.1 pp. 31-40
ISSN:
0090-4341
Subject:
anions; area; bicarbonates; calcium; case studies; cations; chlorides; drinking; drinking water; electrical conductivity; entropy; fluorides; groundwater; magnesium; nitrates; pH; pollution; potassium; rural areas; sampling; semiarid zones; sodium; sulfates; swine; total dissolved solids; toxicology; water hardness; water quality standards; India
Abstract:
... In this study, the quality of groundwater was assessed in a semi-arid region of India by using an entropy weighted water quality index (EWQI) and a pollution index of groundwater (PIG). The EWQI and PIG methods were used to evaluate data on physicochemical parameters in relation to drinking water quality standards. Groundwater samples were collected from the Dubbak region, Telangana state, India, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00244-020-00800-4

13. Complexation between Oppositely Charged Polyelectrolytes in Dilute Solution: Effects of Charge Asymmetry

Author:
Shensheng Chen; Pengfei Zhang; Zhen-Gang Wang
Source:
Macromolecules 2022 v.55 no.10 pp. 3898-3909
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
anions; asymmetry; cations; liquids; molecular dynamics; salt concentration; stoichiometry
Abstract:
... We use dissipative particle dynamics to study polyelectrolyte complexation in dilute solutions under conditions of either chain-length or concentration asymmetry between the polycation and the polyanion, characterized by the macromolecular charge ratio of the minor component to the major component. Our results show that generally the systems form clusters carrying net macromolecular charges. The s ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00339

14. Controlled Potential Coulometry for the accurate determination of plutonium in the presence of uranium: The role of sulfate complexation

Author:
Giacomo Canciani; Ygor Davrain; Marielle Crozet; Danièle Roudil; Sébastien Picart
Source:
Talanta 2021 v.222 pp. 121490
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
analytical methods; anions; aqueous solutions; cations; electrochemistry; nitric acid; nuclear fuels; plutonium; sulfates; uranium
Abstract:
... Controlled Potential Coulometry (CPC) is generally regarded as one of the most accurate analytical methods available for the quantification of plutonium (Pu) in acidic aqueous solutions. With a growing use of mixed oxide nuclear fuel, there has been an interest in the technique’s applicability to the analysis of Pu in the presence of uranium (U). Expanding on previous studies, the work presented h ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121490

15. Controlling the growth of Escherichia coli by layer-by-layer encapsulation

Author:
André Pawlak; Sabrina Belbekhouche
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2021 v.206 pp. 111950
ISSN:
0927-7765
Subject:
Escherichia coli; alginates; anions; bacteria; cations; chitosan; dextran sulfate; diarrhea; encapsulation; intestinal microorganisms; polymers; viability; zeta potential
Abstract:
... Escherichia coli is one of the most common commensal aerobic bacteria in the gut microbiota of humans (and other mammals). Nevertheless, if left free to proliferate, it can induce a large range of diseases from diarrhoea to extra-intestinal diseases. In recent years, this bacterium had become increasingly resistant to antibiotics. It is therefore essential to implement new approaches able to maint ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111950

16. Determination of ultrahigh molar mass of polyelectrolytes by Taylor dispersion analysis

Author:
Xiaoling Leclercq; Laurent Leclercq; Alexis Guillard; Laurent Rodriguez; Olivier Braun; Cédrick Favero; Hervé Cottet
Source:
Journal of chromatography 2022 v.1670 pp. 462949
ISSN:
0021-9673
Subject:
anions; cations; chlorides; gel chromatography; gel electrophoresis; hydrodynamics; molecular weight; polyacrylamide; silica; sodium
Abstract:
... Taylor dispersion analysis (TDA) was successfully applied to obtain broadly distributed, ultrahigh molar masses of industrial anionic polyacrylamides (IPAMs) up to 25 × 10⁶ g/mol, far beyond the limits of Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) (about 7.3 × 10⁶ g/mol for anionic polyacrylamides standards (APAM)). Two protocols of TDA differing in capillary surface and rinsing procedure were employed: ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462949

17. Dicationic oligotelluroxane or mononuclear telluronium cation? Elucidation of the true catalytic species and activation mechanism of the benzylic carbon-halogen bond

Author:
Koji Takagi; Nao Sakakibara; Shoko Kikkawa; Seiji Tsuzuki
Source:
Chemical communications 2021 v.57 no.100 pp. 13736-13739
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
anions; cations; chemical communication; counters; organocatalysts
Abstract:
... The application of diaryltelluronium cations as chalcogen bonding organocatalysts was investigated for the Ritter-like reaction using time-course NMR analysis. The resistance to water of dicationic oligotelluroxanes differed depending on the oligomer chain length and counter anions. The activation mechanism of the substrate was discussed based on DFT calculations. ...
DOI:
10.1039/d1cc06311a

18. EPR Spectroscopy as an Efficient Tool for Investigations of Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Growth and Local Chain Dynamics

Author:
Carolin Naas; Ulrich Scheler; Uwe Lappan
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2021 v.125 no.22 pp. 6004-6011
ISSN:
1520-5207
Subject:
anions; cations; chemical bonding; chlorides; diffusivity; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; pH; polymers
Abstract:
... The strong polycation poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and the weak polyanion poly(ethylene-alt-maleic acid) (P(E-alt-MA)) were used to build polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) up to 31 layers. A spin-label (SL) was covalently attached to the polyanion for studying the rotational dynamics of the polyacid backbone in a swollen state of the PEMs using continuous-wave (CW) electron pa ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c02692

19. Influence of Nonstoichiometry on the Viscoelastic Properties of a Polyelectrolyte Complex

Author:
Yuhui Chen; Mo Yang; Samir Abou Shaheen; Joseph B. Schlenoff
Source:
Macromolecules 2021 v.54 no.17 pp. 7890-7899
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
anions; cations; glass transition; ionic strength; polymers; stoichiometry; styrene; sulfonates; viscoelasticity; water content
Abstract:
... Depending on conditions such as the mixing ratio, speed and order of addition, and ionic strength, when solutions of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes are mixed, the stoichiometry of the formed polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) can vary. In fact, for most conditions, some degree of nonstoichiometry is inevitable because the ratios of positive and negative charges do not “lock” themselves to 1:1, ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01154

20. Macrocyclic complexes based on [N⋯I⋯N]⁺ halogen bonds

Author:
Shilin Yu; Elina Kalenius; Antonio Frontera; Kari Rissanen
Source:
Chemical communications 2021 v.57 no.93 pp. 12464-12467
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
anions; binding properties; cations; chemical communication; electrostatic interactions; gases; iodine; ligands; macrocyclic compounds
Abstract:
... New 1–2 nm macrocyclic iodine(i) complexes prepared via a simple ligand exchange reaction manifest rigid 0.5–1 nm cavities that bind the hexafluorophosphate anion in the gas phase. The size of the cavities and the electrostatic interactions with the iodine(i) cations influence the anion binding properties of these macrocyclic complexes. ...
DOI:
10.1039/d1cc05616f

21. Sand/polyethyleneimine composite microparticles: Eco-friendly, high selective and efficient heavy metal ion catchers

Author:
Florin Bucatariu; Marius-Mihai Zaharia; Larisa-Maria Petrila; Frank Simon; Marcela Mihai
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2022 v.649 pp. 129540
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
anions; cations; crosslinking; decontamination; ethyleneimine; glutaraldehyde; heavy metals; polyethyleneimine; sand; sand fraction; sorbents; sorption
Abstract:
... The modification of natural sand surface with a high number of amino groups represents an interesting route to obtain organic nanostructured films onto solid surfaces aiming heavy metal ion decontamination of surface waters. Herein, one weak polycation (branched poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI)) and one weak polyanion (poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)) were one-step deposited through non-stoichiometric interpoly ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129540

22. Surface modification of polyurethane with eptifibatide-loaded degradable nanoparticles reducing risk of blood coagulation

Author:
Katarzyna Reczyńska; Roman Major; Magdalena Kopernik; Elżbieta Pamuła; Gabriela Imbir; Hanna Plutecka; Franz Bruckert; Marcin Surmiak
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2021 v.201 pp. 111624
ISSN:
0927-7765
Subject:
anions; anticoagulants; blood coagulation; blood flow; cations; coagulation; encapsulation; hematologic tests; hyaluronic acid; models; polyurethanes; risk; shear stress; thermoplastics
Abstract:
... The main purpose of the work was to develop a drug releasing coatings on the surface of medical devices exposed to blood flow, what should enable effective inhibition of blood coagulation process. As a part of the work, the process of encapsulating the anticoagulant drug eptifibatide (EPT) in poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles was developed. EPT encapsulation efficiency was 29.1 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111624

23. Transfer Matrix Model of pH Effects in Polymeric Complex Coacervation

Author:
Ashley R. Knoerdel; Whitney C. Blocher McTigue; Charles E. Sing
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2021 v.125 no.31 pp. 8965-8980
ISSN:
1520-5207
Subject:
anions; cations; electrostatic interactions; mathematical theory; models; pH; physical chemistry; polymers; separation; stoichiometry
Abstract:
... Oppositely charged polyelectrolytes can undergo an associative phase separation, in a process known as polymeric complex coacervation. This phenomenon is driven by the electrostatic attraction between polyanion and polycation species, leading to the formation of a polymer-dense coacervate phase and a coexisting polymer-dilute supernatant phase. There has been significant recent interest in the phy ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03065

24. Tribological performance of environmental friendly ionic liquids for high-temperature applications

Author:
Carlton J. Reeves; Ashish K. Kasar; Pradeep L. Menezes
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2021 v.279 pp. 123666
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
adsorption; ambient temperature; anions; biolubricants; cations; crystal structure; ethers; friction; imidazoles; industry; ionic liquids; liquid crystals; lubrication; petroleum; thermal stability; thermogravimetry; toxicity; vegetable oil
Abstract:
... High-temperature liquid lubricants are often composed of petroleum-based oils. Recently, the lubrication industry has begun to shift towards environmentally benign lubricants to reduce the use of toxic petroleum-based oils. As a result, there has been a resurgence in the use of bio-based lubricants. These “biolubricants” consist of vegetable oils, synthetic ethers, and polyalkyleneglycols (PAGs) f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123666

25. Tuning the excess charge and inverting the salt rejection hierarchy of polyelectrolyte multilayer membranes

Author:
Johannes Kamp; Stephan Emonds; Markus Seidenfaden; Patrick Papenheim; Maira Kryschewski; Jens Rubner; Matthias Wessling
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2021 v.639 pp. 119636
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
adsorption; anions; cations; ionic strength; phosphates
Abstract:
... Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) coated on porous membrane supports have shown versatile opportunities for tailoring the resulting membrane characteristics. PDADMAC/PSS multilayers used as a separation layer deliver outstanding NF properties in terms of selectivities and permeances, as well as stability. Charge overcompensation of PDADMAC limits the possibilities of tuning the charge distributio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119636

26. Unconventional Dual Ion Selectivity Determined by the Forward Side of a Bipolar Channel toward Ion Flux

Author:
Chao Li; Pengxiang Liu; Yi Zhai; Liqian Yao; Hu Lin; Longcheng Gao; Lei Jiang
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2021 v.14 no.1 pp. 2230-2236
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
anions; cations; exhibitions; ion channels; materials
Abstract:
... Ion selectivity is an essential property of ion-selective membranes (ISMs). To date, all of the artificial ISMs have been reported to exhibit sole ion selectivity (SIS), either cation or anion selectivity. Here, we first demonstrate unconventional dual ion selectivity (DIS) in a bipolar channel membrane determined by the forward side toward ion flux. When the bipolar membrane meets the conditions ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.1c18474

27. A deep-red-emission antimony(iii) chloride with dual-cations: extremely large Stokes shift due to high [SbCl₆] distortion

Author:
Ying-Chen Peng; Zhi-Zhuan Zhang; Yang-Peng Lin; Jian-Ce Jin; Ting-Hui Zhuang; Liao-Kuo Gong; Ze-Ping Wang; Ke-Zhao Du; Xiao-Ying Huang
Source:
Chemical communications 2021 v.57 no.100 pp. 13784-13787
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
anions; antimony; cations; chemical communication; chlorides; emissions
Abstract:
... Compound [C₅mim][Mim]₂[SbCl₆] (1; [C₅mim]⁺ = 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium; [Mim]⁺ = N-methylimidazolium) with dual cations exhibits the first case of deep-red emission in [SbCl₆]³⁻-based 0D OIMHs. Anion distortion due to high disequilibrium of supramolecular interactions is revealed to be responsible for the extremely large Stokes shift of 335 nm and FWHM of 210 nm in the emission. ...
DOI:
10.1039/d1cc05648d

28. The structural stability and defect-tolerance of ionic spinel semiconductors for high-efficiency solar cells

Author:
Hanzhen Liang; Huiwen Xiang; Rui Zhu; Chengyan Liu; Yu Jia
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2021 v.9 no.25 pp. 14566-14575
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
anions; cations; crystals; exhibitions; journals; materials; prototypes; semiconductors; solar cells
Abstract:
... Incompatibility between defect-tolerance and structural stability is a severe issue hindering the wide application of high-efficiency solar cells. Usually, covalent/polar semiconductors with a prototype of Si/CdTe crystals exhibit great structural stability due to their compact tetrahedral structure, yet they present extremely poor defect-tolerance arising from the similar electronegativity of the ...
DOI:
10.1039/d1ta02409d

29. Ab Initio Prediction of High-Temperature Magnetic Relaxation Rates in Single-Molecule Magnets

Author:
Daniel Reta; Jon G. C. Kragskow; Nicholas F. Chilton
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2021 v.143 no.15 pp. 5943-5950
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
Americans; anions; cations; couplings; crystals; exhibitions; fields; journals; magnetic materials; magnetic properties; magnetism; methodology; organometallic compounds; prediction
Abstract:
... Organometallic molecules based on [Dy(Cpᴿ)₂]⁺ cations (where Cpᴿ is a substituted cyclopentadienyl anion) have emerged as clear front-runners in the search for high-temperature single-molecule magnets. Within this family of structurally similar molecules, significant variations in their magnetic properties are seen, demonstrating the importance of understanding magneto-structural relationships to ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.1c01410

30. Analytical strategy for studying the formation and stability of multilayered films containing gold nanoparticles

Author:
Arnaud Pallotta; Igor Clarot; Jordan Beurton; Benjamin Creusot; Thomas Chaigneau; Annie Tu; Philippe Lavalle; Ariane Boudier
Source:
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2021 v.413 no.5 pp. 1473-1483
ISSN:
1618-2642
Subject:
analytical chemistry; anions; capillary zone electrophoresis; cations; high performance liquid chromatography; medical equipment; nanogold; phosphates; polymers; quartz crystal microbalance; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... The design of layer-by-layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte films including nanoparticles is a growing field of innovation in a wide range of biomedical applications. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are very attractive for further biomolecule coupling to induce a pharmacological effect. Nanostructured LbL films coupled with such metallic species show properties that depend on the conditions of construction, i.e ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00216-020-03113-6

31. Anion order in perovskite oxynitrides AMO₂N (A = Ba, Sr, Ca; M = Ta, Nb): a first-principles based investigation

Author:
Xi Xu; Hong Jiang
Source:
RSC advances 2020 v.10 no.41 pp. 24410-24418
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Monte Carlo method; anions; barium; calcium; cations; strontium; temperature
Abstract:
... Perovskite-type oxynitrides have attracted a lot of research interest as emerging functional materials with promising wide applications. The ordering of O/N anions in perovskite oxynitrides plays an important role in determining their physical properties, while it is still challenging to characterize the actual anion order in a particular material and understand the underlying physics. In this wor ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ra03681a

32. Application of metallic nanoparticle-biochars with ionic liquids for thermal transfer fluids

Author:
Hsin-Liang Huang; Zi-Hao Huang; Yi-Cheng Chu; Hong-Ping Lin; Yun-Jung Chang
Source:
Chemosphere 2020 v.250 pp. 126219
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; adsorption; anions; biochar; cations; chlorides; copper; copper hydroxide; cupric oxide; heat transfer; hydrogen bonding; imidazole; ionic liquids; irradiation; lighting; moieties; nanoparticles; nanosilver; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; silver; solar collectors; solar radiation; temperature; thermal properties
Abstract:
... Ionic liquids (ILs (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C₄mim][Cl]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C₄mim][BF₄]))) were used as heat transfer fluids for solar thermal collectors. The additive of ILs was biochar containing copper and silver nanoparticles (Cu–Ag/biochar) to improve the adsorption of solar irradiation and thermal conductivities. After impregnation and reduction ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126219

33. Assessing the ecotoxicity of ionic liquids on Vibrio fischeri using electrostatic potential descriptors

Author:
Xuejing Kang; Zhongbing Chen; Yongsheng Zhao
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2020 v.397 pp. 122761
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Vibrio fischeri; algorithms; anions; capital; cations; data collection; ecosystems; ecotoxicology; ionic liquids; models; prediction; toxicity
Abstract:
... Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted increasing attention both in the scientific community and the industry in the past two decades. Their risk of being inevitable released to ecosystem lights up the urgent research on their toxicity to the environment. To reduce the time and capital consumption on testing tremendous ILs ecotoxicity experimentally, it is essential to construct predictive models for ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122761

34. Assessing the groundwater quality of the coastal aquifers of a vulnerable delta: A case study of the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India

Author:
Tuhin Bhadra; Sugata Hazra; S.P. Sinha Ray; Bibhas Chandra Barman
Source:
Groundwater for sustainable development 2020 v.11 pp. 100438
ISSN:
2352-801X
Subject:
anions; brackish water; calcium; case studies; cations; coasts; confined aquifer; conservation areas; desalination; drinking water; electrical conductivity; freshwater; groundwater; magnesium; monsoon season; pH; river deltas; saltwater intrusion; sodium; sodium bicarbonate; sodium chloride; streams; sulfates; surface water; sustainable development; total dissolved solids; water harvesting; water quality; India
Abstract:
... The Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR) of India lies in the southwestern part of the Ganges Brahmaputra delta. The SBR, traversed by tidal creeks and rivulets, suffers perennially from the scarcity of freshwater in spite of heavy precipitation in monsoon months. Rivers in Sundarbans are saline in nature with brackish groundwater in the subsurface. Fresh groundwater is mainly available from the conf ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100438

35. Assessment of groundwater quality in Bahariya Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt

Author:
Abbas M. Sharaky; Suad H. Abdoun
Source:
Environmental earth sciences 2020 v.79 no.6 pp. 145
ISSN:
1866-6280
Subject:
World Health Organization; anions; aquifers; cations; drinking water; electrical conductivity; freshwater; groundwater; heavy metals; hydrochemistry; iron; manganese; oases; pH; sandstone; temperature; total dissolved solids; water quality; wells; zinc; Egypt
Abstract:
... Groundwater quality and the overall rate of abstraction from the Nubian sandstone aquifer system in the Bahariya Oasis was assessed to determine whether the resource was of a suitable quality for its current use and that that the current usage is sustainable. The hydrochemical analysis of 84 representative groundwater wells was carried out to determine the main hydrochemical characters, genesis an ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12665-020-8823-x

36. Assessment of groundwater quality status by using water quality index (WQI) and geographic information system (GIS) approaches: a case study of the Bokaro district, India

Author:
Poornima Verma; Prasoon Kumar Singh; Ritu Ranjan Sinha; Ashwani Kumar Tiwari
Source:
Applied water science 2020 v.10 no.1 pp. 27
ISSN:
2190-5487
Subject:
World Health Organization; anions; bicarbonates; calcium; case studies; cations; chlorides; drinking water; fluorides; geographic information systems; groundwater; guidelines; hydrochemistry; magnesium; models; nitrates; pH; potassium; sodium; sulfates; total dissolved solids; water quality; water quality standards; India
Abstract:
... One hundred two groundwater samples were collected from the Bokaro district of Jharkhand state, India, during the pre-and post-monsoon seasons of the year 2014–2015. In the present study, groundwater samples were analysed for pH, TDS, TH, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, HCO₃⁻, F⁻ and NO₃⁻ to evaluate the suitability of the groundwater for drinking purposes through geographic information system (G ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13201-019-1088-4

37. Assessment of groundwater quality using water quality index (WQI): A case study of a hard rock terrain in Sri Lanka

Author:
W.A.C. Udeshani; H.M.K.P. Dissanayake; S.K. Gunatilake; Rohana Chandrajith
Source:
Groundwater for sustainable development 2020 v.11 pp. 100421
ISSN:
2352-801X
Subject:
anions; aquifers; bicarbonates; calcium; case studies; cations; chlorides; drinking water; electrical conductivity; etiology; evaporation; fluorides; groundwater; kidney diseases; landscapes; minerals; sodium; sulfates; sustainable development; trace elements; water hardness; wells; Sri Lanka
Abstract:
... Chronic Kidney Disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) is a widespread health issue in rural dry zone regions in Sri Lanka. Monaragala region, located in eastern Sri Lanka is one of the hardest hit areas with CKDu. In order to investigate the possible relationship between the incidence of CKDu and drinking water quality, 99 groundwater samples from deep boreholes and shallow wells in hard rock aquife ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100421

38. Biochars derived from crop straws increased the availability of applied phosphorus fertilizer for maize in Ultisol and Oxisol

Author:
M. Abdulaha-Al Baquy; Jun Jiang; Renkou Xu
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2020 v.27 no.5 pp. 5511-5522
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
Oxisols; Ultisols; aluminum oxide; anions; application rate; biochar; calcium; canola; cations; corn; crop yield; crops; dry matter accumulation; greenhouse experimentation; greenhouses; iron oxides; magnesium; peanuts; phosphates; phosphorus; phosphorus fertilizers; rice straw; soil pH; sorption; variable charge soils
Abstract:
... The extensive use of phosphorus (P) fertilizer is a common practice due to the suboptimal P in variable charge soils for better crop growth. The aim of this study was to increase our understandings and disclose the mechanisms for increase in P availability in Ultisol and Oxisol by biochars derived from crop straws. Incubation and greenhouse pot experiments were conducted to attain the objective. R ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-019-06695-6

39. Boosting Photovoltaic Performance and Stability of Super-Halogen-Substituted Perovskite Solar Cells by Simultaneous Methylammonium Immobilization and Vacancy Compensation

Author:
Shendong Xu; Guozhen Liu; Haiying Zheng; Xiaoxiao Xu; Liying Zhang; Huifen Xu; Liangzheng Zhu; Fantai Kong; Yongtao Li; Xu Pan
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.7 pp. 8249-8259
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
anions; borohydrides; cations; environmental factors; hysteresis; lighting; porous media; solar cells
Abstract:
... Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are susceptible to intrinsic structural instability associated with the presence of inorganic halide anions and organic cation vacancies, thus leading to the deterioration or even premature failure of devices. Herein, we develop an efficient strategy using super-halogen BH₄– substitution to simultaneously immobilize methylammonium and substitute iodide vacancy for hig ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.9b21074

40. COSMO‐RS based ionic liquid screening for the separation of acetonitrile and ethanol azeotropic mixture

Author:
Zhigang Zhang; Ruizhe Lu; Qinqin Zhang; Jinling Chen; Wenxiu Li
Source:
Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 2020 v.95 no.4 pp. 1191-1202
ISSN:
0268-2575
Subject:
acetates; acetonitrile; anions; cations; databases; distillation; ethanol; hydrogen bonding; ionic liquids; models; screening; viscosity
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The selection of competent entrainer is very important for separating azeotrope systems by extractive distillation. Ionic liquids (ILs) are outstanding entrainers due to their excellent properties. However, it is time‐consuming to choose suitable ILs from the huge database of anions and cations. Herein, the selectivity and viscosity of ILs were combined as double standards to select su ...
DOI:
10.1002/jctb.6305

41. CTAB-surface-functionalized magnetic MOF@MOF composite adsorbent for Cr(VI) efficient removal from aqueous solution

Author:
Lincheng Li; Yunlan Xu; Dengjie Zhong; Nianbing Zhong
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2020 v.586 pp. 124255
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
active sites; adsorbents; adsorption; anions; aqueous solutions; cations; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; chromium; electrostatic interactions; endothermy; iron oxides; magnetism; pH
Abstract:
... In this work, a surfactant-functionalized magnetic MOF@MOF adsorbent (Fe₃O₄@UiO-66@UiO-67/CTAB) was prepared by simple solvothermal method and applied to adsorb Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. It exhibited excellent adsorption performance and recyclability mainly due to the tunable pores and plenty surface active sites of the MOF@MOF structure, and electrostatic attraction and reduction of CTAB modi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124255

42. Cardiac troponin I photoelectrochemical sensor: {Mo368} as electrode donor for Bi2S3 and Au co-sensitized FeOOH composite

Author:
Chunzhu Bao; Xin Liu; Xinrong Shao; Xiang Ren; Yong Zhang; Xu Sun; Dawei Fan; Qin Wei; Huangxian Ju
Source:
Biosensors & bioelectronics 2020 v.157 pp. 112157
ISSN:
0956-5663
Subject:
adsorption; anions; antibodies; antigens; biosensors; cardiovascular diseases; cations; detection limit; early diagnosis; electrochemistry; electrodes; gold; nanogold; photochemistry; sulfides; troponin I; water solubility
Abstract:
... A suitable electron donor, which guarantees the stability of the whole system, is considered as the driving force of the PEC sensor. Nowadays, searching appropriate electron donor is still one of the orientations to explorate in the field of sensor. Na₄₈[H₄₉₆Mo₃₆₈O₁₄₆₄S₄₈]·ca.1000H₂O (abbr. {Mo₃₆₈}), as a type of polyoxometalate, has perfect morphology, definite size and unique electronic property ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bios.2020.112157

43. Cation and anion effect on the biodegradability and toxicity of imidazolium– and choline–based ionic liquids

Author:
I.F. Mena; E. Diaz; J. Palomar; J.J. Rodriguez; A.F. Mohedano
Source:
Chemosphere 2020 v.240 pp. 124947
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Vibrio fischeri; acetates; activated sludge; anions; biodegradability; biodegradation; cations; chlorides; ecotoxicology; environmental impact; imidazoles; ionic liquids; median effective concentration; microbial activity; microorganisms; sewage treatment; toxicity
Abstract:
... This work studies the effect of the cation and anion on the biodegradability and inhibition of imidazolium– and choline–based ionic liquids (ILs) using activated sludge. Six commercial ILs, formed by combination of 1–Butyl–3–methylimidazolium (Bmim⁺) and N,N,N–trimethylethanolammonium (Choline⁺) cations and chloride (Cl⁻), acetate (Ac⁻) and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NTf₂–) anions were ev ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124947

44. Cation- and anion-ordered rutile-type derivative LiTeO₃(OH)

Author:
Kotaro Fujii; Yume Yoshida; Yue Jin Shan; Keitaro Tezuka; Yoshiyuki Inaguma; Masatomo Yashima
Source:
Chemical communications 2020 v.56 no.69 pp. 10042-10045
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
anions; cations; chemical communication; exhibitions
Abstract:
... The first example of both cation- and anion-ordered rutile-type derivative LiTeO₃(OH) (= HLiTeO₄) has been discovered. LiTeO₃(OH) belongs to a non-centrosymmetric space group P2₁. Both cations (Li⁺/Te⁶⁺) and anions (O²⁻/OH⁻) exhibit occupational ordering in LiTeO₃(OH). ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0cc04074f

45. Cation-anion pairs of niobium clusters of the type [Nb₆Cl₁₂(RCN)₆][Nb₆Cl₁₈] (R=Et, ⁿPr, ⁱPr) with nitrile ligands RCN forming stabilizing inter-ionic contacts

Author:
Eric Sperlich; Martin Köckerling
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2020 v.75 no.1-2 pp. 173-181
ISSN:
1865-7117
Subject:
anhydrides; anions; carboxylic acids; cations; crystals; electrons; ligands; niobium; oxidation
Abstract:
... Three new niobium cluster compounds with edge bridged, octahedral hexanuclear metal cores have been synthesised. They consist of cluster pairs with [Nb₆Cl₁₂(RCN)₆]²⁺ cations, [Nb₆Cl₁₈]²⁻ anions, and co-crystallised nitrile molecules, with R = C₂H₅ (propionitrile), ⁿC₃H₇ (butyronitrile), ⁱC₃H₇ (isobutyronitrile). The synthesis is based on the dehydration of [Nb₆Cl₁₄(H₂O)₄] · 4(H₂O) with carboxylic ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2019-0177

46. Chemical Trends in the Thermodynamic Stability and Band Gaps of 980 Halide Double Perovskites: A High-Throughput First-Principles Study

Author:
Tao Zhang; Zenghua Cai; Shiyou Chen
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.18 pp. 20680-20690
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
anions; cations; cesium; databases; halides; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... The chemical trends in the thermodynamic stability and band gaps of 980 A₂B⁺B³⁺X₆ halide double perovskites are revealed based on high-throughput first-principles calculations. To accurately predict the stability with respect to phase decomposition, all known metal halides in the Materials Project database are considered as the competing compounds. The energies above the convex hull show that only ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c03622

47. Concentration versus streamflow trends of major ions and tritium in headwater streams as indicators of changing water stores

Author:
Ian Cartwright; Uwe Morgenstern; Harald Hofmann
Source:
Hydrological processes 2020 v.34 no.2 pp. 485-505
ISSN:
0885-6087
Subject:
anions; base flow; bromine; calcium; cations; chlorine; geochemistry; magnesium; nitrates; potassium; radionuclides; sodium; solutes; streams; tracer techniques; tritium; watersheds; Australia
Abstract:
... Documenting the processes that control the variations in stream geochemistry at different streamflows is important for being able to use chemical tracers to understand catchment functioning. The concentrations of most solutes, including reactive cations (e.g., Na, Ca, K, and Mg) and anions that are primarily derived from precipitation (Cl and Br), in five headwater streams from southeast Australia ...
DOI:
10.1002/hyp.13600

48. Cs₂Zn(CN)₄: a first example of a non-cyano spinel of composition A₂M(CN)₄ with A=alkali metal and M=group 12 metal

Author:
Melanie Werker; Uwe Ruschewitz
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2020 v.75 no.1-2 pp. 97-103
ISSN:
1865-7117
Subject:
anions; cations; cesium; crystal structure; crystallization; cyanides; heat; melting; zinc
Abstract:
... The crystal structure of monoclinic Cs₂Zn(CN)₄ (C2/c, Z = 4) was solved and refined from high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction data (ESRF: Swiss-Norwegian beamline). In contrast to all other known cyanides of composition A₂M(CN)₄ with A = alkali metal and M = group 12 metal, which crystallize in cubic or rhombohedrally distorted spinel variants and thus with A⁺ in an octahedral coordinati ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2019-0159

49. Cultivation of Cress Involving Water Treated Under Different Atmospheres with Low-Temperature, Low-Pressure Glow Plasma of Low Frequency

Author:
Katarzyna Ciesielska; Wojciech Ciesielski; Damian Kulawik; Zdzisław Oszczęda; Piotr Tomasik
Source:
Water 2020 v.12 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
air; anions; ascorbic acid; bioaccumulation; carbohydrate content; carbon dioxide; carotenoids; cations; chlorophyll; crop yield; frequency; methane; nitrogen; protein content; tap water; water
Abstract:
... Watering cress with tap water treated for 30 min with low-temperature, low-pressure glow plasma of low frequency (LPGP) in the air (LPGPA), saturated with either nitrogen (LPGPN), CO₂ (LPGPC) or methane (LPGPM), promoted the yield of crops. Their efficiency increased in the order LPGPA < LPGPN < LPGPM < LPGPC. The kind of water prior and after the treatment specifically influenced the fat and prot ...
DOI:
10.3390/w12082152

50. Current–Voltage Characteristics and Impedance Spectroscopy: Surface Conduction and Adsorption–Desorption Effects in Electrolytic Cells

Author:
A. L. Alexe-Ionescu; G. Barbero; L. R. Evangelista; E. K. Lenzi
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2020 v.124 no.5 pp. 3150-3158
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
anions; cations; dielectric spectroscopy; diffusivity; electric impedance; electric potential difference; electrodes; equations; films (materials); gels; liquids; models; physical chemistry; voltammetry
Abstract:
... We present a theoretical analysis of the current–voltage characteristics of electrolytic cells using their electrical impedance response to a simple periodic external voltage of small amplitude. The examined cell is a thin-film electrolyte (solid, liquid, or gel) sandwiched between flat electrodes at which Ohmic conduction or adsorption–desorption phenomena occur. The basic equations of the Poisso ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b11327