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1. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment differentially mediated expression of vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) genes and delayed programmed cell death (PCD) during ripening and senescence of apple fruit

Author:
Jingyi Lv; Yingzhi Zhang; Mingyu Sun; Jingxin Chen; Yonghong Ge; Jianrong Li
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2023 v.307 pp. 111489
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
1-methylcyclopropene; DNA; Malus domestica; apples; climacteric fruits; electrical conductivity; enzymes; ethylene; firmness; malondialdehyde; programmed cell death; reactive oxygen species; transmission electron microscopy; vacuoles
Abstract:
... The main purpose of this research was to evaluate the impacts of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) genes and programmed cell death (PCD) during ripening and senescence of apple fruit (Malus × domestica Borkh.). The ethylene antagonists 1-MCP (1 μL L⁻¹) was applied to apples after harvest. Both treated and control fruit were stored at 20 ± 2°C. The data show ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2022.111489

2. Chlorine and peroxyacetic acid inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes in simulated apple dump tank water

Author:
Rory Y. Wang; Xiaoye Shen; Yuan Su; Faith Critzer; Mei-Jun Zhu
Source:
Food control 2023 v.144 pp. 109314
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
Listeria monocytogenes; apples; chemical oxygen demand; chlorine; cross contamination; food safety; industry; octanoic acid; organic matter; peracetic acid; water quality
Abstract:
... During postharvest processing, apples are transported via dump tanks and flumes with recirculated water treated with sanitizers. This study examined the efficacies of chlorine and peroxyacetic acid (PAA) in controlling Listeria monocytogenes in simulated dump tank water (SDTW) and cross-contamination, and evaluated the strengthening effects of octanoic acid (OA), a Generally Recognized as Safe com ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109314
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109314

3. Clarification of apple, grape and pear juices by co-immobilized amylase, pectinase and cellulase

Author:
Gul Ozyilmaz; Ecenur Gunay
Source:
Food chemistry 2023 v.398 pp. 133900
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
amylases; antioxidants; apples; batch systems; computer software; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase; enzymatic treatment; experimental design; food chemistry; grapes; pears; polygalacturonase; response surface methodology; silica gel; temperature; turbidity
Abstract:
... In this study, the use of co-immobilized amylase, pectinase and cellulase enzymes for clarification of apple, grape and pear juices were investigated. Four different co-immobilization method was applied and the highest activity was observed for co-immobilized enzymes onto silica gel. The effect of the enzyme units used in the co-immobilization, reaction temperature and time on turbidity and reduci ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133900

4. DSSApple: A hybrid expert system for the diagnosis of post-harvest diseases of apple

Author:
Gabriele Sottocornola; Sanja Baric; Maximilian Nocker; Fabio Stella; Markus Zanker
Source:
Smart agricultural technology 2023 v.3 pp. 100070
ISSN:
2772-3755
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Internet; apples; cultivars; decision support systems; diagnostic techniques; fruits; streams
Abstract:
... Post-harvest diseases of apple can cause considerable economic losses. Thus, we developed DSSApple, an interactive web-based decision support system, that helps users to diagnose post-harvest diseases of domesticated apple based on observed macroscopic symptoms on fruit. Specifically, DSSApple is designed as a two-stream hybrid diagnostic tool, that can be effectively used by both expert and non-e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atech.2022.100070

5. Evaluation of soil erosion rates in the hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau in China in the past 60 years using global fallout plutonium

Author:
Yixuan Liu; Xiaolin Hou; Jixin Qiao; Weichao Zhang; Miao Fang; Mu Lin
Source:
Catena 2023 v.220 pp. 106666
ISSN:
0341-8162
Subject:
apples; catenas; deforestation; eroded soils; erosion control; forests; grasslands; humans; land restoration; land use; landscapes; microrelief; orchards; plutonium; quantitative analysis; soil erosion; watersheds; China
Abstract:
... Soil erosion strongly threatens the sustainability of natural ecosystems over the world, especially in the Loess Plateau in China, where has suffered severe soil erosion along with extensive land reclamation and deforestation from the 1950s to the 1970s. The large-scale vegetation restoration practices are supposed to be effective for reducing soil erosion, but the quantitative evaluation of soil ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2022.106666

6. Investigation of 3D printing of apple and edible rose blends as a dysphagia food

Author:
Liqing Qiu; Min Zhang; Bhesh Bhandari; Bimal Chitrakar; Lu Chang
Source:
Food hydrocolloids 2023 v.135 pp. 108184
ISSN:
0268-005X
Subject:
apples; basil; diet; dysphagia; hardness; hydrocolloids; texture; three-dimensional printing; viscosity; xanthan gum
Abstract:
... The feasibility of using apple and rose as raw materials for the preparation of 3D printed dysphagic foods with independent (0.4%) and combined (0.4% in proportion 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2) addition of xanthan gum (XG) and basil seed gum (BSG) was investigated. Results showed that all inks with gum additions exhibited higher hardness, gumminess, stiffness and self-supporting ability than the control one, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108184

7. Novel edible films of pectins extracted from low-grade fruits and stalk wastes of sun-dried figs: Effects of pectin composition and molecular properties on film characteristics

Author:
Elif Çavdaroğlu; Duygu Büyüktaş; Stefano Farris; Ahmet Yemenicioğlu
Source:
Food hydrocolloids 2023 v.135 pp. 108136
ISSN:
0268-005X
Subject:
Citrus; acetylation; apples; contact angle; crosslinking; esterification; figs; galacturonic acid; hydrocolloids; hydrophobicity; oxygen; pectins; permeability; solar drying; strength (mechanics); wastes; water solubility; water vapor
Abstract:
... This study aimed to explore the characteristics of novel fig pectin films. For this purpose, films of crude fig pectin (CFP) extracted from low-grade sun-dried fruits and films of crude (CSP) and purified (PSP) stalk pectins extracted from stalk waste of processed high-quality sun-dried figs were evaluated for their physicochemical properties. The properties of pristine (CFP, CSP, and PSP films) a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108136

8. Pesticide drift mitigation measures appear to reduce contamination of non-agricultural areas, but hazards to humans and the environment remain

Author:
Ramona Cech; Johann G. Zaller; Angeliki Lyssimachou; Peter Clausing; Koen Hertoge; Caroline Linhart
Source:
Science of the total environment 2023 v.854 pp. 158814
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
apples; captan; carcinogenicity; chronic toxicity; ecotoxicology; environment; gas chromatography; glyphosate; grasses; human health; humans; lettuce; mass spectrometry; oxadiazon; phosmet; reproductive toxicology; spray drift; wines; Austria; Italy
Abstract:
... Pesticide drift onto non-agricultural land is a common problem in intensively farmed regions, and national action plans have been established across Europe to prevent it. Here, we analyzed official data on pesticide residues in grass samples collected over six years to determine whether implemented measures to reduce pesticide drift were effective. We used 306 samples collected between 2014 and 20 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158814

9. Phosphorus acquisition strategies of wheat are related to biochar types added in cadmium-contaminated soil: Evidence from soil zymography and root morphology

Author:
Qiang Wang; Cheng-jiao Duan; Hong-xu Liang; Jia-wei Ren; Zeng-chao Geng; Chen-yang Xu
Source:
Science of the total environment 2023 v.856 pp. 159033
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
apples; bioavailability; biochar; biomass; cadmium; carbon; environment; growth performance; nitrogen; phosphorus; remediation; soil; soil nutrient balance; trees; wheat
Abstract:
... Biochar application for the remediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils may result in a relative deficiency of phosphorus (P) due to the disruption of soil nutrient balance. However, the P acquisition strategies of plants in such situation are still unclear. In this study, analyses on soil zymography and root morphology were combined for the first time to investigate the effects of pristine and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159033

10. Quantifying the impact of frost damage during flowering on apple yield in Shaanxi province, China

Author:
Renwei Chen; Jing Wang; Yang Li; Yang Song; Mingxia Huang; Puyu Feng; Zhenjiang Qu; Lu Liu
Source:
European journal of agronomy 2023 v.142 pp. 126642
ISSN:
1161-0301
Subject:
agronomy; apples; canopy; frost; frost injury; fruits; models; phenology; temperature; China
Abstract:
... Frost damage during flowering is recognized as one of the most serious agro-meteorological disasters affecting apple production in Shaanxi province, a typical apple producing area in China. Quantitative assessments of flowering frost damage to apple yield are critical for the development of strategies on mitigating yield losses, but have been rarely conducted. For the first time, our study used th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.eja.2022.126642

11. The effect of food thermal processes on the residue concentration of systemic and non-systemic pesticides in apples

Author:
Izabela Hrynko; Piotr Kaczyński; Marta Pietruszyńska; Bożena Łozowicka
Source:
Food control 2023 v.143 pp. 109267
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
acetamiprid; apple peels; apples; boscalid; cyprodinil; deltamethrin; flonicamid; fludioxonil; fluopyram; food safety; freeze drying; liquid chromatography; pasteurization; pirimicarb; pulp; pyrimethanil; tandem mass spectrometry; thiacloprid; water solubility
Abstract:
... The goal of the present study was to estimate the distribution and migration of eleven systemic and non-systemic pesticides between the skin and the pulp of apples. Additionally, the behaviour of acetamiprid, boscalid, bupirimate, cyprodinil, flonicamid, fluopyram, pirimicarb, pyrimethanil, thiacloprid, deltamethrin, and fludioxonil in two apple varieties during four thermal processes ranging betw ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109267

12. The effect of three pectin fractions variation on the browning of different dried apple products

Author:
Qingting Yu; Xuan Li; Jiaxing Hu; Wenyue Wang; Jinfeng Bi
Source:
Food hydrocolloids 2023 v.134 pp. 108052
ISSN:
0268-005X
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; air; apples; cell walls; color; dried fruit; esterification; freeze drying; galactose; heat treatment; hydrocolloids; molecular weight; pectins; small-angle X-ray scattering; sodium; texture; water solubility
Abstract:
... Pectin is an important active polysaccharide in the matrix of dried fruit slices. Its components and structural character not only affect the texture but also impact the color of the dried fruit products. Present work studied the variation of pectin fractions of water-soluble (WSP), trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diaminetetraacetic acid-soluble (CSP), and sodium carbonate-soluble (NSP) from apple slices dr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108052

13. A new ratiometric AIE fluorescent probe for detecting cysteine in food samples and imaging in the biological system

Author:
Shuai Gong; Ahui Qin; Yan Zhang; Mingxin Li; Xiaoyi Chen; Yueyin Liang; Xu Xu; Zhonglong Wang; Shifa Wang
Source:
Food chemistry 2023 v.400 pp. 134108
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
Danio rerio; apples; bamboos; cabbage; cysteine; detection limit; dried milk; fluorescence; fluorescent dyes; food chemistry; food industry; garlic; liquids; milk; pears; wavelengths
Abstract:
... l-Cysteine (Cys) plays a vital part in the food industry and biological processes. Herein, a novel ratiometric fluorescent probe NFA with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property was developed to discriminate Cys from Hcy and GSH. The probe showed a ratiometric fluorescence response to Cys with the emission wavelength shifted from 450 nm to 495 nm. Probe NFA possessed good advantages in the det ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134108

14. AFD-Net: Apple Foliar Disease multi classification using deep learning on plant pathology dataset

Author:
Anju Yadav; Udit Thakur; Rahul Saxena; Vipin Pal; Vikrant Bhateja; Jerry Chun-Wei Lin
Source:
Plant and soil 2022 v.477 no.1-2 pp. 595-611
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
apples; computer vision; data collection; disease control; foliar diseases; leaves; models; plant pathology; soil
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Plant diseases significantly affect the crop, so their identification is very important. Correct identification of these diseases is crucial for establishing a good disease control strategy to avoid time and financial losses. In general, machines can greatly reduce the possibility of human error. In particular, computer vision techniques developed through deep learning have paved a way ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-022-05407-3

15. Adjusting the stickiness of concentrated pea protein – apple pectin systems via the biopolymer mixing ratio

Author:
Pascal Moll; Hanna Salminen; Adrian Rausch; Christophe Schmitt; Jochen Weiss
Source:
Future foods 2022 v.6 pp. 100184
ISSN:
2666-8335
Subject:
adhesion; apples; biopolymers; cohesion; pH; particulates; pea protein; peas; pectins; stickiness; texture; viscoelasticity
Abstract:
... Stickiness is the combination of adhesion and cohesion and key characteristic for binders in foods to combine particulates into a coherent mass. We investigated the influence of mixing ratio of pea protein and apple pectin powders (w/w) at pH 6 on stickiness by assessing textural, rheological, and binding properties of a concentrated suspension (25 wt% powder concentration). The elastic but soft t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100184

16. Air-Pruning Containers Modify Root and Scion Growth and Alter Resource Allocation of Bench-Grafted Apple Plants

Author:
Mokhles Elsysy; Todd C. Einhorn
Source:
Horticulturae 2022 v.8 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2311-7524
Subject:
air; apples; biomass; cultivars; dry matter content; fine roots; growth and development; leaf area; orchards; profitability; resource allocation; root pruning; scions; trees; vigor; wood
Abstract:
... The profitability of modern apple orchard plantings depends largely on how rapidly the costs of planting are returned. Tree establishment and growth in the formative years are often can be limited by transplant shock associated with bare-root trees. In this experiment, we examined the effect of two planting systems, air-pruning containers, and field-grown liners, on above- and below-ground growth ...
DOI:
10.3390/horticulturae8090797

17. Alkaline-Stable Peroxidase Mimics Based on Biological Metal–Organic Frameworks for Recyclable Scavenging of Hydrogen Peroxide and Detecting Glucose in Apple Fruits

Author:
Yuzhang Yang; Yunqian Gong; Xingliang Li; Minji Li; Qinping Wei; Beibei Zhou; Junke Zhang
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 2022 v.10 no.32 pp. 10685-10698
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
apples; catalytic activity; chitosan; detection limit; glucose; green chemistry; hydrogen peroxide; medicine; peroxidase; plant growth substances; substrate specificity; surface area
Abstract:
... Enzyme mimics constitute a promising class of biocatalysts with potential applications in bioanalysis, biomedicine, etc. due to their high catalytic activity and substrate specificity, but they often suffer from low operational stability and difficulties in recyclable utilization. Herein, we adopted an acid–base treatment to create an efficient enzyme mimic material by taking advantage of biologic ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c03184

18. The Analysis of Correlations Between Terpene Transformations and Fermentation Type of Apple Musts

Author:
Magdalena Januszek; Łukasz Wajda
Source:
Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis 2022 v.26 no.1 pp. 99-108
ISSN:
2344-150X
Subject:
Saccharomyces bayanus; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; apples; ciders; citral; cultivars; ethanol; fermentation; geraniol; linalool; yeasts
Abstract:
... We measured the concentration of 13 terpenes in musts of 3 different apple cultivars fermented spontaneously, with Ethanol RED yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or Cider Yeast (Saccharomyces bayanus). Then we analysed obtained data with PCA with various packages in R to assess how different types of fermentation and apple cultivars affected terpene profile. The most informative results of PCA were ...
DOI:
10.2478/aucft-2022-0008

19. Analysis of cyanide using fluorogenic derivatization and capillary electrophoresis

Author:
Douglas B. Craig; Mitchell S. Guimond
Source:
Food chemistry 2022 v.370 pp. 131377
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
amygdalin; apples; capillary electrophoresis; cyanides; derivatization; fluorescence; food chemistry; glutamic acid
Abstract:
... Samples containing cyanide were incubated at 85 °C in the presence of the fluorogenic reagent 3-(2-furoyl)quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde (FQ) and glutamic acid, and analyzed by capillary electrophoresis utilizing post-separation laser-induced fluorescence detection in a sheath flow cuvette. The separation time on a 25 cm long capillary at 800 Vcm⁻¹ was 3 min with the fluorescent product eluting at 107 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131377

20. Analysis of landrace cultivation in Europe: A means to support in situ conservation of crop diversity

Author:
Lorenzo Raggi; Luca C. Pacicco; Leonardo Caproni; Clara Álvarez-Muñiz; Külli Annamaa; Ana M. Barata; Diana Batir-Rusu; María J. Díez; Maarit Heinonen; Vojtěch Holubec; Shelagh Kell; Hrvoje Kutnjak; Helene Maierhofer; Gert Poulsen; Jaime Prohens; Parthenopi Ralli; Filomena Rocha; María L. Rubio Teso; Dan Sandru; Pietro Santamaria; Sarah Sensen; Olivia Shoemark; Salvador Soler; Silvia Străjeru; Imke Thormann; Jens Weibull; Nigel Maxted; Valeria Negri
Source:
Biological conservation 2022 v.267 pp. 109460
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
apples; beans; databases; geographical distribution; georeferencing; inventories; landraces; onions; potatoes; tomatoes; trees; Greece; Italy; Portugal; Spain
Abstract:
... During the last century, the progressive substitution of landraces with modern, high yielding varieties, led to a dramatic reduction of in situ conserved crop diversity in Europe. Nowadays there is limited and scattered information on where landraces are cultivated. To fill this gap and lay the groundwork for a regional landrace in situ conservation strategy, information on more than 19,335 geo-re ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109460

21. Analysis of volatile odor compounds and aroma properties of European vinegar by the ultra-fast gas chromatographic electronic nose

Author:
Ruo-Chen Liu; Rong Li; Ying Wang; Zi-Tao Jiang
Source:
Journal of food composition and analysis 2022 v.112 pp. 104673
ISSN:
0889-1575
Subject:
acetic acid; apples; condiments; discriminant analysis; electronic nose; food composition; furfural; gas chromatography; guaiacol; isopropyl alcohol; odors; principal component analysis; propionic acid; pyrazines; vinegars; wines
Abstract:
... Vinegar is a very popular condiment with different species and aroma profiles. Eighty-three volatile odor compounds (VOCs) were identified from European vinegar using ultra-fast gas chromatographic electronic nose (UFGC E-nose), of which there were 61 VOCs with odor activity value (OAV) ≥ 1. Among the 61 VOCs, acetic acid, ethyl isovalerate, propionaldehyde, butanoic acid, ethyl cinnamate, and gua ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104673

22. Antibacteria activities of phenolics from "Jinshiji" thinned-young apple on halitosis-related bacteria

Author:
Ting Liu; Tian Gong; Furong Wang; Xueru Zhou; Yali Yang; Yurong Guo
Source:
Food bioscience 2022 v.47 pp. 101689
ISSN:
2212-4292
Subject:
Fusobacterium nucleatum; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella intermedia; apoptosis; apples; bacteria; cell membranes; membrane potential; permeability; polyphenols; viability
Abstract:
... This article aims to explain the inhibitory mechanism of thinned-young apple polyphenols (YAP) toward Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia). YAP has optimal antibacterial concentration against F. nucleatum (10.00 mg/mL), P. gingivalis (8.00 mg/mL) and P. intermedia (8.00 mg/mL), with viability of 47.97%, 38.01% an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101689

23. Antioxidant effect of traditional and new vinegars on functional oil/vinegar dressing-based formulations

Author:
Antonella De Leonardis; Vincenzo Macciola; Ayesha Iftikhar; Francesco Lopez
Source:
European food research & technology 2022 v.248 no.6 pp. 1573-1582
ISSN:
1438-2377
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; alcohols; antioxidant activity; apples; emulsions; fermentation; food research; leaves; maceration; malt; olives; oxidation; pomegranates; red wines; soybean oil; ultrasonics; vegetable oil; vinegars; wastewater; white wines
Abstract:
... Vinegar and vegetable oil are frequently used in emulsion formulations, allowing the fabrication of new functional foods. In the present study, a potentially functional oil/vinegar dressing was formulated using an enriched omega-3 fatty acids oil blend (high-oleic sunflower and soybean oil) and several kinds of naturally occurring biophenols (white wine, red wine, pomegranate, apple, malt, alcohol ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00217-022-03986-0

24. Anti‐oxidant and anti‐fatigue properties of apple pomace polysaccharides by acid or alkali extraction

Author:
Xiangna Chang; Xuefeng Chen; Pin Gong; Wenjuan Yang; Lan Wang; Ning Liu; Yao Su; Yuanyuan Zhao
Source:
International journal of food science & technology 2022 v.57 no.1 pp. 78-91
ISSN:
0950-5423
Subject:
alkali treatment; apple pomace; apples; arabinose; food science; galactose; galacturonic acid; glucose; medicine; polysaccharides; rhamnose; structure-activity relationships; xylose
Abstract:
... The anti‐fatigue effects and structure‐activity relationship of apple polysaccharides (APPs), the active components in apple pomace, remain unknown. We examined the effects of different extraction methods on polysaccharide structures and anti‐fatigue activities. Additionally, the structural and biochemical properties of APPs prepared under acidic (ACAPP) or alkaline (ALAPP) conditions, were charac ...
DOI:
10.1111/ijfs.15200

25. Apple Fruit Growth and Quality Depend on the Position in Tree Canopy

Author:
Darius Kviklys; Jonas Viškelis; Mindaugas Liaudanskas; Valdimaras Janulis; Kristina Laužikė; Giedrė Samuolienė; Nobertas Uselis; Juozas Lanauskas
Source:
Plants 2022 v.11 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
apples; canopy; cell respiration; color; firmness; fruit maturity; fruit quality; fruit size; fruiting; fruits; malic acid; orchards; photosynthesis; secondary metabolites; starch; sugar content
Abstract:
... Modern apple orchard systems should guarantee homogeneity of fruit internal and external qualities and fruit maturity parameters. However, when orchards reach productive age, a variation of these parameters takes place and mostly it is related to uneven light distribution within the tree canopy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the canopy position’s effect on fruit internal and external qualit ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants11020196

26. Apple Fruit Size QTLs on Chromosomes 8 and 16 Characterized in ‘Honeycrisp’-Derived Germplasm

Author:
Sarah A. Kostick; James J. Luby
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
DNA; Malus domestica; agronomy; apples; fruit size; fruit weight; germplasm; haplotypes; phenotypic variation; progeny; quantitative traits; single nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract:
... Multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with fruit size have been reported in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.); however, few have been fully characterized and/or validated. A pedigree-based QTL analysis approach was used to examine the genetic basis of fruit weight in ‘Honeycrisp’-derived germplasm. Fourteen breeding parents were represented by 814 offspring from 13 full-sib families with ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12061279

27. The Apple Lipoxygenase MdLOX3 Regulates Salt Tolerance and ABA Sensitivity

Author:
Xixia Chen; Daru Wang; Chunling Zhang; Xun Wang; Kuo Yang; Yongxu Wang; Xiaofei Wang; Chunxiang You
Source:
Horticulturae 2022 v.8 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
2311-7524
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Malus domestica; apples; callus; lipoxygenases; plant growth; salt stress; salt tolerance; stress tolerance
Abstract:
... Various abiotic stresses, particularly salinization, restrict plant growth and yield around the world. Lipoxygenases play essential functions in coping with various stresses. In the present study, we found an apple (Malus domestica) homolog of Arabidopsis lipoxygenase3, named MdLOX3. MdLOX3 has a typical conserved lipoxygenase domain. MdLOX3 was expressed in all tissues of apple and was highly exp ...
DOI:
10.3390/horticulturae8070651

28. An Apple Tree Branch Pruning Analysis

Author:
Azlan Zahid; Md Sultan Mahmud; Long He; James Schupp; Daeun Choi; Paul Heinemann
Source:
HortTechnology 2022 v.32 no.2 pp. 90-98
ISSN:
1943-7714
Subject:
Malus domestica; apples; cultivars; robots; statistical analysis; torque
Abstract:
... The torque required to cut branches is an important parameter for designing a robotic end-effector for pruning apple (Malus ×domestica) trees. In this study, the branch cutting torque was measured because it is important for the future development of a robotic pruning end-effector. To measure the branch cutting torque, a force-measuring sensor was integrated with a manual shear pruner. An inertial ...
DOI:
10.21273/HORTTECH04924-21

29. Apple flavor and its effects on sensory characteristics and consumer preference

Author:
Jordan R. MacKenzie; Lisa M. Duizer; Amy J. Bowen
Source:
Journal of sensory studies 2022 v.37 no.3 pp. e12735
ISSN:
0887-8250
Subject:
apples; consumer preferences; hedonic scales; honey; industry; sensory evaluation; sweetness; taste; texture; Ontario
Abstract:
... The focus within the apple industry is to identify varieties most preferred by consumers. To help with this, it is necessary to emphasize the discovery of flavor perceptions responsible for consumer preference in apples. The present study aimed to determine which flavor attributes are associated with different apple varieties, determine which apple varieties consumers prefer, and to determine whic ...
DOI:
10.1111/joss.12735

30. Apple leaf macro- and micronutrient content as affected by soil treatments with fertilizers and microorganisms

Author:
Waldemar Treder; Krzysztof Klamkowski; Katarzyna Wójcik; Anna Tryngiel-Gać; Lidia Sas-Paszt; Augustyn Mika; Waldemar Kowalczyk
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2022 v.297 pp. 110975
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Aspergillus niger; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; Paenibacillus polymyxa; Purpureocillium lilacinum; apples; boron; calcium; color; inoculum; leaves; magnesium; mineral content; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nutritional status; phosphorus; potassium; soil; sulfur
Abstract:
... The effects of bacterial and fungal inocula on the nutritional status of ‘Sampion’ apple trees was evaluated in three-years study (2018–2020). The experiment was set up in a two-factor system: (i) fertilization (without fertilization or mineral fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium); (ii) application of beneficial microorganisms (without application, application of fungi or bacteria). ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2022.110975

31. Apple mutant trees with low chilling requirements: Proximal, genetic and DNA methylation analyses

Author:
Mayra Alejandra Escobar-Saucedo; Francisco Castillo-Reyes; Cristóbal N. Aguilar; José Antonio Vázquez-Ramos; Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera
Source:
Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology 2022 v.43 pp. 102413
ISSN:
1878-8181
Subject:
DNA methylation; agricultural biotechnology; apples; biocatalysis; cultivars; dormancy; flowers; genetic variation; mutants; Mexico
Abstract:
... In Arteaga, Coahuila, Mexico, different apple mutants derived from the Golden Delicious cultivar have been identified. They are characterized by their low chilling requirements (350–650 Chilling units (CU)) for breaking dormancy, and high flower production. The aim of this study was to determine the bromatological, genetic, and DNA methylation differences among ten apple mutants, and the wild-type ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102413

32. Apple orchards feed honey bees during, but even more so after, bloom

Author:
Taylor N. Steele; Roger Schürch; Bradley D. Ohlinger; Margaret J. Couvillon
Source:
Ecosphere 2022 v.13 no.9 pp. e4228
ISSN:
2150-8925
Subject:
Apis mellifera; Malus; Plantago; Trifolium repens; apples; diet; fruiting; fruits; honey; honey bees; nectar; odds ratio; orchards; pollen; understory; Virginia
Abstract:
... Many of the fruits that add diversity and nutrition to our diet are wholly or partially dependent upon flower‐visiting insects. For example, apples (Malus spp.) are self‐incompatible and therefore rely on insect pollinators for fruit development and seed production. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are often migrated into these orchards when the apples are in bloom. While previous studies have focused ...
DOI:
10.1002/ecs2.4228

33. Apple pathogens: Organic essential oils as an alternative solution

Author:
A. Di Francesco; E. Aprea; F. Gasperi; A. Parenti; N. Placì; F. Rigosi; E. Baraldi
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2022 v.300 pp. 111075
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Botrytis cinerea; Fusarium avenaceum; Lavandula angustifolia; Neofabraea; Penicillium expansum; Rosmarinus officinalis; Thymus vulgaris; agar; apples; biofumigation; chemical composition; mycelium; terpenoids
Abstract:
... Fusarium avenaceum, Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum, and Neofabraea vagabunda, represent postharvest diseases which cause significant apple losses. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of organic essential oils (EOs) (Thymus vulgaris, Lavandula angustifolia, Rosmarinus officinalis) against apple pathogens both in vitro and in vivo, as an integrated management tool. By ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2022.111075

34. Apple peel as a source of dietary fiber and antioxidants: effect on batter rheology and nutritional composition, textural and sensory quality attributes of muffins

Author:
Maninder Kaur; Manpreet Kaur; Harpreet Kaur
Source:
Journal of food measurement & characterization 2022 v.16 no.3 pp. 2411-2421
ISSN:
2193-4126
Subject:
antioxidant activity; antioxidants; apple peels; apples; batters; byproducts; chewiness; color; dietary fiber; flavor; measurement; modulus of elasticity; muffins; nutrient content; phytonutrients; polyphenols; rheology; texture
Abstract:
... Apple peel is considered as a valuable by-product obtained during processing of apples. It is a rich source of phytonutrients and dietary fiber, thereby indicating its significant potential in functional foods development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the techno-functional properties of apple peel powder (APP). Also the effect of APP addition at varying levels on batter rheology, an ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11694-022-01329-x

35. Apple phenolic extracts ameliorate lead-induced cognitive impairment and depression- and anxiety-like behavior in mice by abating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis via the miR-22-3p/SIRT1 axis

Author:
Yongfeng Ren; Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse; Fangxin Ouyang; Xintong Tan; Dapeng Li; Longhua Xu; Bo Li; Yongli Wang; Feng Li
Source:
Food & function 2022 v.13 no.5 pp. 2647-2661
ISSN:
2042-650X
Subject:
antioxidants; apoptosis; apples; brain; calcium; caspase-3; caspase-9; chlorogenic acid; cognition; cognitive disorders; epicatechin; histopathology; inflammation; interleukin-6; lead acetate; males; necrosis; neoplasms; neurotoxicity; oxidative stress; phloridzin; proanthocyanidins
Abstract:
... Lead can lead to neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment. In this study, for the first time, the protective effects and working mechanisms of apple phenolic extracts (APEs) against lead acetate (Pb(Ac)₂)-induced cognitive impairment and depression- and anxiety-like behavior were examined in vivo. Forty male mice were administered daily (via gastric gavage; 8 weeks) with 0.9% normal saline (control) ...
DOI:
10.1039/d1fo03750a

36. Apple polyphenol extract modulates bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota by regulating the circadian rhythms in daytime-restricted high fat diet feeding C57BL/6 male mice

Author:
Yuan Cui; Yan Yin; Shilan Li; Zhengli Wu; Yisha Xie; Qingfan Qian; Hao Yang; Xinli Li
Source:
Food & function 2022 v.13 no.5 pp. 2805-2822
ISSN:
2042-650X
Subject:
apples; bile acids; body weight; circadian clocks; health status; high fat diet; homeostasis; ileum; intestinal microorganisms; males; metabolism; polyphenols; probiotics
Abstract:
... The homeostasis of circadian clock linked to bile acid (BA) metabolism and gut microbiota has profound benefits in maintaining the health status of the host. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevention and regulation of apple polyphenol extract (APE) on BA metabolism and gut microbiota by means of modulation of circadian rhythms in mice. Eighty male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into fo ...
DOI:
10.1039/d1fo04116a

37. Apple polyphenol extract targets circadian rhythms to improve liver biological clock and lipid homeostasis in C57BL/6 male mice with mistimed high-fat diet feeding

Author:
Yuan Cui; Yan Yin; Shilan Li; Yisha Xie; ZhengLi Wu; Hao Yang; Qingfan Qian; Xinli Li
Source:
Journal of functional foods 2022 v.92 pp. 105051
ISSN:
1756-4646
Subject:
ad libitum feeding; apples; bile acids; blood lipids; circadian clocks; circadian rhythm; fatty liver; high fat diet; homeostasis; hydrolysis; intragastric administration; liver; males; polyphenols
Abstract:
... To investigate the potential role of apple polyphenol extract (APE) in the prevention and alleviation of circadian rhythm disturbances, eighty male C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were randomized into four groups: 24 h ad libitum feeding (AL), 12 h restricted nighttime feeding (NF) or daytime feeding (DF), and daytime feeding with APE intragastric administration (DF-APE). Five weeks later, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jff.2022.105051

38. Apple receptor-like kinase FERONIA regulates salt tolerance and ABA sensitivity in Malus domestica

Author:
Yin-Huan Xie; Fu-Jun Zhang; Ping Sun; Zhao-Yang Li; Peng-Fei Zheng; Kai-Di Gu; Yu-Jin Hao; Zhenlu Zhang; Chun-Xiang You
Source:
Journal of plant physiology 2022 v.270 pp. 153616
ISSN:
0176-1617
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; Malus domestica; Nicotiana benthamiana; abscisic acid; apples; callus; catalase; enzyme activity; females; fruits; gametophytes; males; plant physiology; plasma membrane; reactive oxygen species; salt stress; salt tolerance; superoxide dismutase; China
Abstract:
... FERONIA (FER) is a membrane-localized receptor-like kinase that plays pivotal roles in male and female gametophyte recognition, hormone signaling crosstalk, and biotic and abiotic responses. Most reports focus on the functions of FER in model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the functions of FER homologs have not been deeply investigated in apple (Malus domestica), an important economic fruit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153616

39. Apple stem grooving virus is associated with leaf yellow mottle mosaic disease on Citrus grandis cv. Huangjinmiyou in China

Author:
Zhi-you XUAN; Song ZHANG; Ping LI; Fang-yun YANG; Hong-ming CHEN; Ke-hong LIU; Yan ZHOU; Zhong-an LI; Chang-yong ZHOU; Meng-ji CAO
Source:
Journal of integrative agriculture 2022 v.21 no.7 pp. 2031-2041
ISSN:
2095-3119
Subject:
Citrus maxima; agriculture; apples; cultivars; leaves; pears; phylogeny; pummelos; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; risk; surveys; temperature; viruses; China
Abstract:
... Although it is usually latent on citrus, apple, and pear, apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) poses a great risk to many sensitive cultivars. Since severe leaf yellow mottle mosaic (LYMM) symptoms have been observed on Huangjinmiyou (HJY) pummelos (Citrus grandis cv. Huangjinmiyou), a commercial variety that is widely cultivated in South China, high throughput sequencing (HTS) was used to find potent ...
DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63823-6

40. Apple-based coatings incorporated with wild apple isolated yeast to reduce Penicillium expansum postharvest decay of apples

Author:
Laura Settier-Ramírez; Gracia López-Carballo; Pilar Hernández-Muñoz; Angélique Fontana-Tachon; Caroline Strub; Sabine Schorr-Galindo
Source:
Postharvest biology and technology 2022 v.185 pp. 111805
ISSN:
0925-5214
Subject:
Metschnikowia pulcherrima; Penicillium expansum; antifungal properties; apple pomace; apples; biological control; culture media; disease control; edible films; glucose; industry; liquids; methylcellulose; molds (fungi); patulin; pectins; postharvest diseases; technology; viability; yeast extract; yeasts
Abstract:
... The aim of this work has been to prevent the growth of Penicillium expansum on the surface of apples by means of the use of biocontrol agents in combination with edible coatings. For that, Metschnikowia pulcherrima yeast isolated from wild apples was incorporated in edible film matrices based on pectins, cellulose ethers with and without the addition of liquid culture medium (yeast extract and glu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.postharvbio.2021.111805

41. Application of Homemade Organic Fertilizer for Improving Quality of Apple Fruit, Soil Physicochemical Characteristics, and Microbial Diversity

Author:
Xiuzhang Wang; Qi Bao; Guotao Sun; Jianming Li
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Malus pumila; agronomy; apples; biogas; color; crude protein; essential amino acids; firmness; fruit quality; microbial communities; mineral fertilizers; organic fertilizers; organic production; slurries; soil; soil quality; soil respiration; storage quality; taste; total soluble solids
Abstract:
... Application of the organic fertilizers can improve soil properties and agricultural product quality, while the in-depth effect of organic fertilizer needs further exploration. In this study, the apple fruit (Malus pumila Mill.) quality, soil physicochemical characteristics, and microbial community under different fertilizers including control without fertilizer (CK), composted manure (CM), biogas ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12092055

42. Application of a Texture Analyzer friction rig to evaluate complex texture attributes in apples

Author:
Min Sung Kim; Lisa M. Duizer; Alexandra Grygorczyk
Source:
Postharvest biology and technology 2022 v.186 pp. 111820
ISSN:
0925-5214
Subject:
Biological Sciences; apples; firmness; friction; hardness; juiciness; mouthfeel; orchards; penetrometers; texture
Abstract:
... Penetrometer measures are widely used to measure apple firmness to estimate texture attributes such as crispness during apple evaluation. Unfortunately, other texture attributes particularly those related to mouthfeel, such as juiciness and mealiness, are not well captured by this approach. The present study investigated correlations between friction measurements completed on a friction rig attach ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.postharvbio.2021.111820

43. Application of a visible/near-infrared spectrometer in identifying flower and non-flower buds on ‘Fuji’ apple trees

Author:
Alisher Botirov; Songhao An; Osamu Arakawa; Shuhuai Zhang
Source:
Indian journal of agricultural research 2022 v.56 no.2 pp. 214-219
ISSN:
0976-058X
Subject:
agricultural research; apples; chlorophyll; flower buds; flowers; research projects; spectrometers
Abstract:
... Forecasting bud physiologic conditions can help ‘Fuji’ apple farmers manage their orchards more efficiently. Being able to determine the nature of a bud before bud burst is one such forecast that could be of use to these ‘Fuji’ growers. The aim of this research project was to determine if a device, a visible/near-infrared spectrometer, could be employed to determine whether a bud is a flower or no ...
DOI:
10.18805/IJARe.A-655

44. Application of prebiotics in apple products and potential health benefits

Author:
Jardel Araújo Ribeiro; Elisa dos Santos Pereira; Chirle de Oliveira Raphaelli; Marjana Radünz; Taiane Mota Camargo; Fernanda Izabel Garcia da Rocha Concenço; Rufino Fernando Flores Cantillano; Ângela Maria Fiorentini; Leonardo Nora
Source:
Journal of food science and technology 2022 v.59 no.4 pp. 1249-1262
ISSN:
0022-1155
Subject:
apples; colon; digestion; fermentation; food composition; food industry; food matrix; gastric acid; intestinal absorption; intestinal microorganisms; mammals; prebiotics; probiotics; texture
Abstract:
... Among the fruits, the apple stands out among the most used for elaboration of processed foods. However, the importance of prebiotics in apple products has never been widely analyzed. Prebiotic is a food component resistant to gastric acidity, digestion by mammalian enzymes and gastrointestinal absorption. But following fermentation in the colon, prebiotics result in specific changes in the composi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13197-021-05062-z

45. Application of pulsed light technology for fruits and vegetables disinfection: A review

Author:
Fakhreddin Salehi
Source:
Journal of applied microbiology 2022 v.132 no.4 pp. 2521-2530
ISSN:
1364-5072
Subject:
apples; carrots; disinfection; electric potential difference; fruits; grapes; growth and development; lettuce; liquids; microbial contamination; pollution; shelf life; spinach; spoilage; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Non‐thermal technologies can maintain fruit and vegetable products quality better than traditional thermal processing. Pulsed light (PL) is a non‐thermal method for microbial inactivation (vegetative cells and spores) in fruits and vegetables. The PL treatment involves the application of intense and short‐duration pulses of broad spectrum wavelengths ranging from UV to near‐infrared (100–1100 nm). ...
DOI:
10.1111/jam.15389

46. Application of γ-aminobutyric acid induces disease resistance in apples through regulation of polyamine metabolism, GABA shunt and reactive oxygen species metabolism

Author:
Jie Zhu; Canying Li; Lei Sun; Yuan Cheng; Jiabao Hou; Yiting Fan; Yonghong Ge
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2022 v.291 pp. 110588
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming); apples; ascorbate peroxidase; ascorbic acid; catalase; disease resistance; fruits; glutamate decarboxylase; glutamate dehydrogenase; glutamic acid; glutathione; glutathione dehydrogenase (ascorbate); glutathione-disulfide reductase; metabolism; molds (fungi); monodehydroascorbate reductase (NADH); polyamines; pyruvic acid; succinic acid; superoxide dismutase
Abstract:
... Apples were treated with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to investigate its effect on blue mold, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and GABA shunt. The results showed that GABA significantly inhibit blue mold of apples. Further studies demonstrated that GABA remarkably increased H₂O₂, ascorbic acid, and glutathione contents; superoxide dismutase, NADPH oxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase, as ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110588

47. Aroma Profile of Monovarietal Pét-Nat Ciders: The Role of Croatian Traditional Apple Varieties

Author:
Ana-Marija Jagatić Korenika; Darko Preiner; Ivana Tomaz; Martina Skendrović Babojelić; Ana Jeromel
Source:
Horticulturae 2022 v.8 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2311-7524
Subject:
1-propanol; acetates; apples; butyrates; ciders; citronellol; color; eugenol; fruit compotes; guaiacol; odors; pH; sensory evaluation; spectrophotometers; taste
Abstract:
... The aromatic and sensory profiles of monovarietal sparkling ciders made according to the modified Méthode Ancestrale or Pétillant Naturel (Pét-Nat) method were established. Three Croatian traditional apple varieties (‘Božićnica’, ‘Bobovac’, and ‘Crvenka’) were basic raw materials for Pét-Nat ciders in this study. The basic apple must and cider parameters were determined by applying OIV methods and ...
DOI:
10.3390/horticulturae8080689

48. As It Stands: The Palouse Wild Cider Apple Breeding Program

Author:
Tymon James; Alexandra Johnson; Alexander Schaller; Stijn Vanderzande; Feixiong Luo; Paul Sandefur; Sushan Ru; Cameron Peace
Source:
Plants 2022 v.11 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
DNA; apples; ciders; consumers (people); cultivars; fruits; genetic variation; germplasm; industry; introgression; phenolic compounds; stakeholders; universities; wild relatives
Abstract:
... Providing hands-on education for the next generation of plant breeders would help maximize effectiveness of future breeding efforts. Such education should include training in introgression of crop wild relative alleles, which can increase genetic diversity while providing cultivar attributes that meet industry and consumer demands in a crop such as cider apple. Incorporation of DNA information in ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants11040517

49. Assessing the optimal frequency of early parasitoid releases in an apple orchard to control Dysaphis plantaginea: a proof-of-concept study

Author:
L. Ferrais; K. Tougeron; P. Gardin; T. Hance
Source:
Biological agriculture & horticulture 2022 v.38 no.3 pp. 189-201
ISSN:
2165-0616
Subject:
Aphidius matricariae; Dysaphis plantaginea; Ephedrus cerasicola; agriculture; apples; biological control; case studies; heat sums; horticulture; neem oil; orchards; parasitoids; population dynamics; surveys; trees
Abstract:
... Alternatives to pesticides to control the rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea, are being developed. Natural enemies usually arrive too late after the first aphid infestation to provide effective control. This study tested the effects of mass release of two parasitoid species, Aphidius matricariae and Ephedrus cerasicola, on the numbers of aphid colonies and aphids per tree. In a trial undertake ...
DOI:
10.1080/01448765.2022.2039294

50. Assessing the response of orchard productivity to soil water depletion using field sampling and modeling methods

Author:
Yuanhong Zhang; Xingxing Peng; Fang Ning; Zhaoyang Dong; Rui Wang; Jun Li
Source:
Agricultural water management 2022 v.273 pp. 107883
ISSN:
0378-3774
Subject:
apples; arid lands; environmental policy; land degradation; orchards; plant available water; soil water deficit; stand age; surveys; time series analysis; water management; China
Abstract:
... Soil water deficit in apple orchards is a common phenomenon related to land degradation on the Loess Plateau. However, little is known regarding the degree of soil water depletion and its effects on orchard productivity in rainfed apple orchards. We used a combination of field sampling and modeling to understand the impact of apple orchards on soil water availability and changes in orchard product ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107883

51. Assessment of Lipopeptide Mixtures Produced by Bacillus subtilis as Biocontrol Products against Apple Scab (Venturia inaequalis)

Author:
Aline Leconte; Ludovic Tournant; Jérôme Muchembled; Jonathan Paucellier; Arnaud Héquet; Barbara Deracinois; Caroline Deweer; François Krier; Magali Deleu; Sandrine Oste; Philippe Jacques; François Coutte
Source:
Microorganisms 2022 v.10 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2607
Subject:
Bacillus subtilis; Venturia inaequalis; antifungal properties; apple scab; apples; biological control; culture media; glutamic acid; glycerol; surfactin
Abstract:
... Apple scab is an important disease conventionally controlled by chemical fungicides, which should be replaced by more environmentally friendly alternatives. One of these alternatives could be the use of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis. The objective of this work is to study the action of the three families of lipopeptides and different mixtures of them in vitro and in vivo against Ventu ...
DOI:
10.3390/microorganisms10091810

52. Assessment of Plant Invasions in Agroecosystems of Kashmir Himalaya for Better Management

Author:
Pervaiz A. Dar; Zafar A. Reshi
Source:
Frontiers in agronomy 2022 v.3 pp. -
ISSN:
2673-3218
Subject:
Asteraceae; Avena sativa; Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera; Linum usitatissimum; Oryza sativa; Triticum aestivum; agroecosystems; agronomy; apples; financial economics; flax; fruit trees; introduced species; inventories; paddies; wheat; Himalayan region; India
Abstract:
... Weeds, unwanted plants, are responsible for significant yield and economic loss in agroecosystems and pose a serious threat to the ecology and efficiency of these ecosystems. Despite these losses, not much is known about the weeds associated with crops grown in Kashmir Himalaya. Here, we present a complete inventory of weeds associated with rabi crops, such as mustard (Brassica campestris), wheat ...
DOI:
10.3389/fagro.2021.788797

53. Assessment of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in fruits from Iranian market (Shiraz): A health risk assessment study

Author:
Amin Mohammadpour; Zahra Emadi; Mahsa Keshtkar; Leili Mohammadi; Mohadeseh Motamed-Jahromi; Mohammad Reza Samaei; Amin allah Zarei; Enayat Berizi; Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
Source:
Journal of food composition and analysis 2022 v.114 pp. 104826
ISSN:
0889-1575
Subject:
Monte Carlo method; acceptable daily intake; aluminum; apples; arsenic; bananas; cadmium; cherries; chromium; cobalt; copper; food composition; health effects assessments; heavy metals; iron; lead; manganese; mangoes; markets; mercury; nectarines; nickel; peaches; pears; plums; pollution; risk; toxicity; zinc
Abstract:
... The concentrations of PTEs in fruits (sold in Iranian markets) were evaluated in the present study. The highest mean concentrations (µg/kg) of aluminum (519), chromium(VI) (20.6), iron (803), nickel (60.4), lead (35.5), copper (208), cobalt (6.79), mercury (4.38), zinc (857), manganese (666), arsenic (7.50), and cadmium (4.40) were obtained in black plum, nectarine, black plum, peach, black plum, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104826

54. Assessment of the anti-tumor activity of cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside from apple against APN, JAK, and EZH2 target proteins

Author:
Dan Zhang; Zhipeng Yu; Wenzhu Zhao; Jingbo Liu
Source:
Food bioscience 2022 v.48 pp. 101788
ISSN:
2212-4292
Subject:
antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; apples; colon; colorectal neoplasms; humans; interphase; membrane alanyl aminopeptidase; non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase; polyphenols
Abstract:
... This study aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor activity and the mechanism of apple polyphenols on aminopeptidase N (APN), janus kinase 3 (JAK3) and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) using molecular docking and in vitro human colon (Caco-2) cells. The 88 apple polyphenols were docked with targets, i.e., APN, JAK3, and EZH2, and the potential polyphenol cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside was selected. CCK-8 ass ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101788

55. Atmospheric pressure pin-to-plate cold plasma modification of high methoxyl apple pectin: Impact on functional properties

Author:
Somnath Basak; Uday S. Annapure
Source:
Journal of agriculture and food research 2022 v.9 pp. 100356
ISSN:
2666-1543
Subject:
agriculture; antioxidants; apples; atmospheric pressure; calcium; cold; emulsifying; emulsions; esterification; food research; galacturonic acid; hydrocolloids; nonthermal processing; pectins
Abstract:
... Modification of hydrocolloids by employing “green” processes such as cold plasma has gained attention in recent times. Apple pectin is a highly branched pectin, which leads to a low emulsification capacity. This study aims to understand the effect of cold plasma on the structural and functional properties of pectin, ranging from emulsification to antioxidant properties. In this study, atmospheric ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jafr.2022.100356

56. Attract, reward and disrupt: responses of pests and natural enemies to combinations of habitat manipulation and semiochemicals in organic apple

Author:
Joakim Pålsson; Mario Porcel; Teun Dekker; Marco Tasin
Source:
Journal of pest science 2022 v.95 no.2 pp. 619-631
ISSN:
1612-4758
Subject:
Dysaphis plantaginea; Geometridae; Malus domestica; Tortricidae; agroecosystems; apples; biodiversity; biological insect control; ecosystem services; flowers; habitats; insect communities; landscapes; natural enemies; parasitoids; semiochemicals
Abstract:
... The widespread use of pesticides along with the simplification of the landscape has had undesirable effects on agroecosystems, such as the loss of biodiversity and the associated ecosystem service biological control. How current production systems can be remodelled to allow for a re-establishment of biological pest control, while preserving productivity, is a major challenge. Here, we tested wheth ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10340-021-01410-2

57. Automatic Pest Monitoring Systems in Apple Production under Changing Climatic Conditions

Author:
Dana Čirjak; Ivana Miklečić; Darija Lemić; Tomislav Kos; Ivana Pajač Živković
Source:
Horticulturae 2022 v.8 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2311-7524
Subject:
Cydia pomonella; Drosophilidae; Grapholita molesta; Halyomorpha halys; Leucoptera; apples; automation; climate change; fruits; image analysis; integrated pest management; invasive species; phenology
Abstract:
... Apple is one of the most important economic fruit crops in the world. Despite all the strategies of integrated pest management (IPM), insecticides are still frequently used in its cultivation. In addition, pest phenology is extremely influenced by changing climatic conditions. The frequent spread of invasive species, unexpected pest outbreaks, and the development of additional generations are some ...
DOI:
10.3390/horticulturae8060520

58. BTB protein MdBT2 negatively regulates iron homeostasis by interacting with MdNAC1 in apple

Author:
Hong-Liang Li; Xi-Xia Chen; Xing-Long Ji; Zhi-Wen Qiao; Ran-Xin Liu; Xiao-Fei Wang; Hong-Juan Ge; Chun-Xiang You
Source:
Environmental and experimental botany 2022 v.195 pp. 104778
ISSN:
0098-8472
Subject:
Arabidopsis; abiotic stress; apples; callus; chlorophyll; chlorosis; homeostasis; plasma membrane; proteasome endopeptidase complex; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; stress response
Abstract:
... NAC transcription factors play an important role in plant abiotic stress response. However, the molecular mechanism of how it regulates iron accumulation remain largely unknown in apple. Here, we show that MdNAC1 positively regulates iron accumulation under iron deficiency conditions. Overexpression of MdNAC1 show higher levels of iron accumulation and chlorophyll content as well as activated the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2021.104778

59. Bacterial communities of hookah tobacco products are diverse and differ across brands and flavors

Author:
Leena Malayil; Suhana Chattopadhyay; Emmanuel F. Mongodin; Amy R. Sapkota
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2022 v.106 no.17 pp. 5785-5795
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
DNA; Methylobacterium; Pseudomonas; Sphingomonas; Ursidae; apples; biotechnology; carcinogenicity; chocolate; cigarettes; flavor; genes; microorganisms; mint; relative humidity; temperature; time series analysis; viability; watermelons
Abstract:
... Young adults are increasingly using non-cigarette products, such as hookahs, since they are perceived as healthier alternatives to cigarette smoking. However, hookah users are exposed to not only carcinogenic compounds but also microorganisms that may play an active role in the development of both infectious and chronic diseases among users. Nevertheless, existing hookah research in this area has ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-022-12079-7

60. Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor MdbHLH3 negatively affects the storage performance of postharvest apple fruit

Author:
Wenyan Wang; Jianqiang Yu; Mengchi Du; Jiahui Wang; Dagang Hu
Source:
Horticultural plant journal 2022 pp. -
ISSN:
2468-0141
Subject:
apples; cell walls; cellulose; ethylene; ethylene production; firmness; fructose; fruit quality; fruits; glucose; horticultural crops; malic acid; pectins; peroxidase; postharvest storage; starch; storage time; sucrose; transcription factors; water solubility
Abstract:
... The storage period of fleshy fruits greatly affects their quality and selection, and is largely controlled by genetic factors. Therefore, it is imperative to elucidate how genetic factors affect fruit ripening and its storage. Here, we evaluated the postharvest storage properties of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor MdbHLH3-overexpressing transgenic Royal gala apple fruits. Du ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.hpj.2022.08.005

61. Behavioral disruption of two orchard hemipteran pests by garlic essential oil

Author:
Thomas Denoirjean; Mélanie Rivière; Géraldine Doury; Guillaume Jean Le Goff; Arnaud Ameline
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 2022 v.170 no.9 pp. 782-791
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Allium sativum; Cacopsylla pyri; Dysaphis plantaginea; Malus domestica; Pyrus communis; apples; attractants; essential oils; garlic; host plants; insect pests; onions; orchards; pears; phloem; rubber; sap; trees
Abstract:
... Essential oils (EOs) are promising sources of effective bioactive compounds for insect pest control, especially in heavily treated agrosystems like orchards. Plants belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family – onion, garlic (Allium sativum L.), and others – present an interesting potential in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) and pear (Pyrus communis L., both Rosaceae) tree integrated pest management due ...
DOI:
10.1111/eea.13203

62. Bioactive compounds and fruit quality traits of Granny Smith Challenger apple grown under varying shade levels of green protective shade nets

Author:
Ahmet Ozturk; Eren Aydın; Burhan Ozturk
Source:
Journal of food processing and preservation 2022 v.46 no.8 pp. e16777
ISSN:
0145-8892
Subject:
Malus domestica; apples; canopy; ferulic acid; fruit quality; fruits; fumaric acid; leaf area; p-coumaric acid; rutin; tree growth; yields
Abstract:
... The aim of the study is to assess the yield, fruit quality, phenolic compounds, and organic acids of the Granny Smith Challenger apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) grown under protective shade nets. In the study, control (unnetted, T1), shade nets with 15% weave (T2), 20% weave (T3), 35% weave (T4), and 55% weave (T5) were selected as treatments. In both years of the study, yield and % marketable fr ...
DOI:
10.1111/jfpp.16777

63. Biochar promotes soil organic carbon sequestration and reduces net global warming potential in apple orchard: A two-year study in the Loess Plateau of China

Author:
Jiale Han; Afeng Zhang; Yanhong Kang; Jianqiao Han; Bo Yang; Qaiser Hussain; Xudong Wang; Man Zhang; Muhammad Azam Khan
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.803 pp. 150035
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
apples; biochar; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; climate change; emissions factor; environment; greenhouses; nitrogen fertilizers; orchards; soil organic carbon; wood; China
Abstract:
... The Loess Plateau is China's primary apple-growing area, and the orchard is a significant source of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions due to high nitrogen fertilizer input. Thus, a two-year field study was carried out to investigate the effects of apple wood derived biochar on GHGs emissions during apple orchard production, including soil organic carbon sequestration (SOCSR) and net global warming ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150035

64. Biocontrol of fire blight via microcapsule-mediated delivery of the bacterial antagonist Pantoea agglomerans E325 to apple blossoms

Author:
In-Yong Kim; Benjamin Lew; Youfu Zhao; Schuyler S. Korban; Hyungsoo Choi; Kyekyoon Kim
Source:
BioControl 2022 v.67 no.4 pp. 433-442
ISSN:
1386-6141
Subject:
Erwinia amylovora; Pantoea agglomerans; Rosaceae; alginates; antagonists; apples; biological control; encapsulation; evolution; fire blight; hypanthium; pathogens; relative humidity; streptomycin
Abstract:
... Fire blight, incited by the pathogen Erwinia amylovora, is the most economically important bacterial disease of apple, as well as of some other members of the Rosaceae family. The common method of controlling fire blight is with the use of repeated applications of antibiotics, most commonly streptomycin, beginning at early bloom. However, these applications are often not completely effective or re ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10526-022-10150-w

65. Biocontrol potential of Trichoderma harzianum CGMCC20739 (Tha739) against postharvest bitter rot of apples

Author:
Huifang Zhang; Ning Kong; Bin Liu; Yongfeng Yang; Caihua Li; Jinyu Qi; Yue Ma; Shida Ji; Zhihua Liu
Source:
Microbiological research 2022 v.265 pp. 127182
ISSN:
0944-5013
Subject:
Glomerella cingulata; Trichoderma harzianum; apples; biological control; biological control agents; conidia; fruits; hyphae; metabolites; microscopy; mycelium; nutritive value; pathogens; research; sugar content; titratable acidity; total soluble solids; weight loss
Abstract:
... This study investigated the biocontrol ability of Trichoderma harzianum CGMCC20739 (Tha739) against apple bitter rot caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. In vitro tests, Tha739 inhibited the mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides. Microscopic observation showed that Tha739 grew in parallel with, coiled around, and deformed the hyphae of C. gloeosporioides. Tha739-derived metabolites decreased ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.micres.2022.127182

66. Biophysical Characterization of Autochthonous and New Apple Cultivar Surfaces

Author:
Klemen Bohinc; Roman Štukelj; Anže Abram; Ivan Jerman; Nigel Van de Velde; Rajko Vidrih
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
adhesion; agronomy; apples; color; cultivars; human health; hydrophobicity; isoelectric point; pH; roughness; shelf life; surface roughness; tensiometers; transpiration; zeta potential
Abstract:
... Apples have long been known for their beneficial effects on human health due to the presence of various bioactive compounds. It is therefore very important to understand the biophysical properties of apple cuticle that dictate apples’ storability and quality. The purpose of this work was to determine the roughness, hydrophobicity, surface potential, and color of various autochthonous and new apple ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12092051

67. Bioprocess optimization for production of apple tea wine: influence of different variables on the quality attributes

Author:
Vikas Kumar; Vinod K. Joshi; N. S. Thakur; Satish Kumar; R. K. Gupta; Nivedita Sharma; Ajit Sharma
Source:
Journal of food measurement & characterization 2022 v.16 no.2 pp. 1528-1539
ISSN:
2193-4126
Subject:
acidity; apple juice; apples; bioprocessing; cluster analysis; ethanol; fermentation; fruit wines; inoculum; measurement; phytochemicals; sensory properties; sugars; tea; wine industry
Abstract:
... Apple tea wine having phytochemical potential of tea and apple, is an option to improve quality characteristics of wine. However, quality of wine is greatly dependent on different initial variables which need to be optimized before preparation of any wine with desirable quality characteristics. Therefore, present study was conducted to investigate the effects of different initial variables, i.e., ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11694-021-01262-5

68. Both organic and integrated pest management of apple orchards maintain soil health as compared to a semi-natural reference system

Author:
Robin Daelemans; Eva Hulsmans; Olivier Honnay
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2022 v.303 pp. 114191
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
apples; carbon sinks; crop production; environmental management; environmental sustainability; farms; integrated pest management; management systems; mineralization; orchards; organic carbon; perennials; soil density; soil management; soil microorganisms; soil quality; total nitrogen
Abstract:
... Growing concerns about the negative environmental impacts of agriculture have resulted in the increasing adoption of farming systems that try to reconcile crop production with environmental sustainability, such as organic farming. As organic farming refrains from using synthetic inputs, it heavenly relies on maintaining soil health. However, it is still poorly understood how organic management per ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114191

69. Brassinolide alleviates Fe deficiency-induced stress by regulating the Fe absorption mechanism in Malus hupehensis Rehd

Author:
Zhijuan Sun; Dianming Guo; Zhichao Lv; Chuanjie Bian; Changqing Ma; Xiaoli Liu; Yike Tian; Caihong Wang; Xiaodong Zheng
Source:
Plant cell reports 2022 v.41 no.9 pp. 1863-1874
ISSN:
0721-7714
Subject:
Malus hupehensis; absorption; acidification; adenosine; apples; brassinolide; etiolation; fruit quality; gibberellic acid; indole acetic acid; nutrient deficiencies; osmotic stress; oxidoreductases; photosynthesis; proline; reactive oxygen species; rhizosphere; sugars
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE: Exogenous brassinolide promotes Fe absorption through mechanism I strategy, thus improving the tolerance of Malus hupehensis seedlings to Fe deficiency stress. Iron (Fe) deficiency is a common nutritional disorder that results in decreased yield and poor fruit quality in apple production. As a highly active synthetic analog of brassinosteroids, brassinolide (BL) plays numerous roles i ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00299-022-02897-4

70. Brassinosteroids are involved in volatile compounds biosynthesis related to MdBZR1 in ‘Ruixue’ (Malus × domestica Borkh.) fruit

Author:
Xiaojie Liu; Dongmei Li; Yingjuan Li; Shanshan Li; Zhengyang Zhao
Source:
Postharvest biology and technology 2022 v.189 pp. 111931
ISSN:
0925-5214
Subject:
Malus domestica; apples; biosynthesis; brassinosteroids; callus; enzyme activity; ethylene production; fructose; fruit quality; fruits; genes; glucose; odors; sucrose; volatile compounds
Abstract:
... Aroma is a crucial quality attribute of apple fruit, mainly determined by volatile compounds. However, to our knowledge, the physiological and molecular roles of brassinosteroids (BRs) in volatile compound biosynthesis had not been elucidated. In this study, 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) inhibited fruit firmness and ethylene production and delayed fruit ripening. Total soluble solids, fructose content, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.postharvbio.2022.111931

71. Brassinosteroids enhance resistance to manganese toxicity in Malus robusta Rehd. via modulating polyamines profile

Author:
Qing Zhang; Meixia Liang; Ruoxuan Song; Zhizhong Song; Hao Song; Xuqiang Qiao
Source:
Journal of plant physiology 2022 v.277 pp. 153808
ISSN:
0176-1617
Subject:
Malus; apples; biosynthesis; brassinosteroids; chlorophyll; electrical conductivity; manganese; ornithine; ornithine decarboxylase; oxidoreductases; photochemistry; photosystem II; plant height; plant physiology; putrescine; soil; spermine; toxicity; water content
Abstract:
... Manganese (Mn) toxicity in soil is a widely observed phenomenon, which seriously restricts growth, quality, and yield of various crops and fruits including apples. However, mechanisms underlying the regulation of polyamines (PAs) by brassinosteroids (BRs) to improve tolerance to Mn stress are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBL; a BR) on the expres ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153808

72. A C2H2-type zinc finger transcription factor, MdZAT17, acts as a positive regulator in response to salt stress

Author:
Da-Ru Wang; Kuo Yang; Xun Wang; Chun-Xiang You
Source:
Journal of plant physiology 2022 v.275 pp. 153737
ISSN:
0176-1617
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Malus domestica; abscisic acid; anthocyanins; apples; callus; genes; malondialdehyde; plant growth; reactive oxygen species; salt stress; salt tolerance; stress tolerance; transcription factors; zinc finger motif
Abstract:
... Salt stress restricts plant growth and productivity worldwide. Zinc finger proteins play important roles in response to various abiotic plant stresses. In this research, we identified and characterized the ZAT17 gene in Malus domestica, which encodes a C2H2-type zinc finger protein. MdZAT17 has two typical conserved zinc finger domains and an ERF-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif. Prom ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153737

73. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and rapid detection of gene-edited mutants using high-resolution melting in the apple scab fungus, Venturia inaequalis

Author:
Mercedes Rocafort; Saadiah Arshed; Debbie Hudson; Jaspreet Singh Sidhu; Joanna K. Bowen; Kim M. Plummer; Rosie E. Bradshaw; Richard D. Johnson; Linda J. Johnson; Carl H. Mesarich
Source:
Fungal biology 2022 v.126 no.1 pp. 35-46
ISSN:
1878-6146
Subject:
CRISPR-Cas systems; RNA; RNA interference; Venturia inaequalis; apple scab; apples; biosynthesis; fungi; genes; homologous recombination; melanin; mutants; mycology; oxidoreductases; pathogens; phenotype; plasmids; point mutation; rapid methods; reproduction; transcription (genetics); virulence
Abstract:
... Apple scab, caused by the fungal pathogen Venturia inaequalis, is the most economically important disease of apple (Malus x domestica) worldwide. To develop durable control strategies against this disease, a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying the growth, reproduction, virulence and pathogenicity of V. inaequalis is required. A major bottleneck for the genetic characterizatio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.funbio.2021.10.001

74. Cadophora luteo-olivacea isolated from apple (Malus domestica) fruit with post-harvest side rot symptoms in northern Italy

Author:
Greice Amaral Carneiro; Magdalena Walcher; Sanja Baric
Source:
European journal of plant pathology 2022 v.162 no.1 pp. 247-255
ISSN:
0929-1873
Subject:
Cadophora; Malus domestica; Pyrus communis; apples; fruits; fungi; internal transcribed spacers; packing houses; pathogens; pears; peptide elongation factors; phylogeny; plant pathology; virulence; Italy; Latvia; Netherlands
Abstract:
... Recently, Cadophora luteo-olivacea has been reported as a post-harvest pathogen of side rot of apple (Malus domestica) in Latvia, and of pear (Pyrus communis) in Italy and the Netherlands. In 2018 and 2019, in South Tyrol (northern Italy) 11 fungal cultures, identified as C. luteo-olivacea based on ITS (internal transcribed spacer region) sequence data, were obtained from apple fruit displaying po ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10658-021-02388-4

75. Calibration transfer between developed portable Vis/NIR devices for detection of soluble solids contents in apple

Author:
Lianjie Li; Wenqian Huang; Zheli Wang; Sanqing Liu; Xin He; Shuxiang Fan
Source:
Postharvest biology and technology 2022 v.183 pp. 111720
ISSN:
0925-5214
Subject:
Biological Sciences; algorithms; apples; calibration; models; prediction; technology
Abstract:
... Calibration transfer is an important step for practical applications of Visible and Near-infrared (Vis/NIR) instruments, making the developed model transferable and avoiding recalibration. A calibration transfer method between two developed portable Vis/NIR devices (master and slave devices) for predicting soluble solids content (SSC) of apples was investigated in this study. The partial least squ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.postharvbio.2021.111720

76. Can small wild pollinators be used practically for fruit set in apple trees?

Author:
Ken Funayama; Masatoshi Toyama; Shoko Nakamura; Michiyo Komatsu
Source:
Applied entomology and zoology 2022 v.57 no.4 pp. 393-399
ISSN:
0003-6862
Subject:
Andrena; Apis mellifera; Japan; Lasioglossum; Melanostoma; Osmia cornifrons; apples; entomology; flower buds; fruit set; labor; orchards; pollination
Abstract:
... The pollination services provided by small wild pollinators in apple orchards were investigated in Akita Prefecture, northern Japan. In the apple orchard in 2017 and 2018, wild species constituted about 43% of all pollinators collected; these wild pollinators belonged to the order Hymenoptera (with most in the families Andrenidae [Andrena spp.] and Halictidae [Lasioglossum spp.]) and the order Dip ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13355-022-00797-3

77. Carbon aerogels derived from waste paper for pipette-tip solid-phase extraction of triazole fungicides in tomato, apple and pear

Author:
Haili Sun; Juanjuan Feng; Jiaqing Feng; Mingxia Sun; Yang Feng; Min Sun
Source:
Food chemistry 2022 v.395 pp. 133633
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
adsorbents; adsorption; aerogels; apples; carbon; carbon nanotubes; diniconazole; food chemistry; gas chromatography; graphene oxide; hexaconazole; paper; pears; raw materials; solid phase extraction; tomatoes; waste paper
Abstract:
... In order to develop environmentally friendly, economical and facile preparation method of carbon aerogels (CAs), the waste printing paper as the raw material was combined with graphene oxide and carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes to produce CAs (ρ = 44 mg cm⁻³). The CAs with different composition were investigated, the addition of graphene oxide led to the reduction of adsorption sites and t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133633

78. Cardiotoxicity of patulin was found in H9c2 cells

Author:
Baigang Zhang; Hairong Liang; Ke Huang; Jinliang Li; Dongmei Xu; Chenghui Huang; Yi Li
Source:
Toxicon 2022 v.207 pp. 21-30
ISSN:
0041-0101
Subject:
apoptosis; apples; cardiotoxicity; caspase-3; caspase-9; cell viability; cytotoxicity; flow cytometry; hepatotoxicity; inflammation; interleukin-6; mitochondria; nephrotoxicity; oxidative stress; patulin; toxicity testing; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... Patulin (PAT) is a kind of mycotoxins that is universally found at rotten fruits, especially apples and apple products. Previous studies have shown that PAT has hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. However, cardiotoxicity of PAT is rarely reported. Present study aimed at investigate the cardiotoxicity and relevant mechanisms of PAT on H9c2 cells. Cytotoxicity of PAT were evaluated by MTT assay and L ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.12.011

79. Cell Division Controls Final Fruit Size in Three Apple (Malus x domestica) Cultivars

Author:
Siti Khadijah A. Karim; Andrew C. Allan; Robert J. Schaffer; Karine M. David
Source:
Horticulturae 2022 v.8 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
2311-7524
Subject:
apples; cell division; cultivars; cytokinins; flowering; fruit size; gene expression; genes; gibberellins; pollination
Abstract:
... Apple (Malus x domestica) fruit size is dependent on cell division and cell expansion, processes that are subsequently regulated by plant hormones such as auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins. In this study, we investigated the role of cell division and cell expansion in apple growth and identified which of the two was more deterministic of final fruit size. Three cultivars of different sizes were ...
DOI:
10.3390/horticulturae8070657

80. Cell wall polysaccharides and mono-/disaccharides as chemical determinants for the texture and hygroscopicity of freeze-dried fruit and vegetable cubes

Author:
Shuhan Feng; Jinfeng Bi; Jianyong Yi; Xuan Li; Jiangkuo Li; Youchuan Ma
Source:
Food chemistry 2022 v.395 pp. 133574
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
apples; cell walls; food chemistry; freeze drying; fructose; fruits; hardness; hygroscopicity; microscopy; microstructure; shrinkage; taro; texture
Abstract:
... In order to select the critical factors on the texture and hygroscopic characteristics of freeze-dried fruit and vegetable cubes, the correlation analysis was performed on the major chemical compositions of 12 fresh materials, and the microstructure, texture, hygroscopicity of corresponding freeze-dried samples. The dry proportion of starch-rich materials, such as taro, was mainly composed of poly ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133574

81. Changes in quality attributes of pulsed light and thermally treated mixed fruit beverages during refrigerated storage (4 °C) condition

Author:
Somnath Basak; Sagar Mahale; Snehasis Chakraborty
Source:
Innovative food science & emerging technologies 2022 v.78 pp. 103025
ISSN:
1466-8564
Subject:
Averrhoa carambola; Ziziphus mauritiana; apples; ascorbic acid; beverages; cold storage; enzyme stability; fruits; industry; irradiation; juices; nutritive value; pH; pasteurization; phenolic compounds; sensory evaluation; shelf life; spoilage
Abstract:
... The effect of batch pulsed light (PL) irradiation (3000 J cm⁻²) on the shelf-life of the beverage blend comprising apple ber (Indian jujube), carambola (star fruit), and black table grapes was investigated. The equivalent thermally treated beverage (90 °C5 min) exhibited greater stability from microbial and enzymatic spoilage but retained 27% less antioxidants and 14% less vitamin C than PL-treate ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103025

82. Changes in soil moisture and organic carbon under deep-rooted trees of different stand ages on the Chinese Loess Plateau

Author:
Fan Yang; Mingbin Huang; Chenhui Li; Xiaofei Wu; Tianqi Guo; Miyuan Zhu
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2022 v.328 pp. 107855
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
Malus pumila; Robinia pseudoacacia; agriculture; apples; carbon sequestration; cropland; ecological restoration; ecosystems; environment; fine roots; land management; orchards; soil organic carbon; soil profiles; soil water; soil water content; soil water deficit; China
Abstract:
... Deep-rooted plants have increasingly been introduced after cropland abandonment with the implementation of the ‘Grain-for-Green’ program on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). However, the temporal patterns of soil moisture content (SMC) and soil organic carbon (SOC) with stand ages and the potential role of deep roots driving these patterns within deep profiles are still poorly understood. Here, we ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2022.107855

83. Characteristic Volatiles and Cultivar Classification in 35 Apple Varieties: A Case Study of Two Harvest Years

Author:
Xinye Wu; Jinfeng Bi; Marie-Laure Fauconnier
Source:
Foods 2022 v.11 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2304-8158
Subject:
acetates; apples; case studies; cultivars; discriminant analysis; germplasm; linalool; principal component analysis
Abstract:
... A large number of apple varieties (35) from the same germplasm were investigated over two consecutive harvest years. A total of 39 volatile compounds were identified by HS-SPME-GC-MS, and quantified by external standards. Principal component analysis was applied to study the relationship between varieties and volatiles. To obtain better discrimination, 23 of 35 apple varieties were classified into ...
DOI:
10.3390/foods11050690

84. Characteristics and mathematical modeling of apple slice drying in an electrohydrodynamic system with a needle‐plate electrode

Author:
Bowen Li; Xingshu Li; Yixue Zhao; Xiufang Xiong; Xinting Ding
Source:
Journal of food process engineering 2022 v.45 no.8 pp. e14049
ISSN:
0145-8876
Subject:
apples; diffusivity; electric potential difference; electrodes; rehydration; specific energy
Abstract:
... The drying of apple slices in an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) system with a needle‐plate electrode was characterized and mathematically modeled at voltages of 30, 40, and 50 kV and with distances between needles of 5, 6, and 7 cm. The results showed that the drying rate, effective water diffusion coefficient, and rehydration ratio of the apple slices, and specific energy consumption of drying, all in ...
DOI:
10.1111/jfpe.14049

85. Characterization and Biocompatibility Properties In Vitro of Gel Beads Based on the Pectin and κ-Carrageenan

Author:
Sergey Popov; Nikita Paderin; Daria Khramova; Elizaveta Kvashninova; Anatoliy Melekhin; Fedor Vityazev
Source:
Marine drugs 2022 v.20 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
1660-3397
Subject:
adhesion; adsorption; apples; biocompatibility; bovine serum albumin; calcium; cell culture; complement; culture media; gel strength; hemolysis; hydrogels; intercellular adhesion molecule-1; macrophages; mice; pH; pectins
Abstract:
... This study aimed to investigate the influence of kappa (κ)-carrageenan on the initial stages of the foreign body response against pectin gel. Pectin-carrageenan (P-Car) gel beads were prepared from the apple pectin and κ-carrageenan using gelling with calcium ions. The inclusion of 0.5% κ-carrageenan (Car0.5) in the 1.5 (P1.5) and 2% pectin (P2) gel formulations decreased the gel strength by 2.5 t ...
DOI:
10.3390/md20020094

86. Characterization of engineering properties and modeling mass and fruit fraction of wood apple (Limonia acidissima) fruit for post-harvest processing

Author:
Sahithi Murakonda; Gopesh Patel; Madhuresh Dwivedi
Source:
Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences 2022 v.21 no.4 pp. 267-277
ISSN:
1658-077X
Subject:
Limonia acidissima; angle of repose; apples; calorimeters; commercialization; friction; fruit weight; fruits; glass transition temperature; models; product development; pulp; regression analysis; steel; therapeutics; value added
Abstract:
... The wood apple (Limonia acidissima) fruit is an underutilized fruit having extensive therapeutic and functional properties. The engineering properties (physical, frictional, thermal, textural, and mechanical) of the wood apple fruit aids in the assessment of the internal and external structure of the fruit. The mean principle dimensions of fruit are 7.79 cm, 7.60 cm, and 7.44 cm for longest dimens ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jssas.2021.09.005

87. Characterization of the host range and sensitivity to fungicides of Trichothecium spp. associated with fruit rot in the field and in storage

Author:
Yingbin Li; Yixiang Liu; Zhiping Zhang; Kaiyuan Shen; Jianjun Hao; Laixin Luo; Jianqiang Li
Source:
Plant pathology 2022 v.71 no.5 pp. 1142-1151
ISSN:
0032-0862
Subject:
Castanea mollissima; Solanum muricatum; Trichothecium roseum; allyl isothiocyanate; apples; azoxystrobin; boscalid; difenoconazole; durians; figs; fludioxonil; food preservation; fruits; genes; host range; inoculum; internal transcribed spacers; mangoes; melons; mycelium; nectarines; peaches; pears; phylogeny; plant pathology; plant rots; shelf life; spores; walnuts
Abstract:
... During 2017–2019, we observed Trichothecium spp. causing fruit rot in the field and in storage. This study was conducted to examine morphological differences of the species from different hosts, reveal the species’ potential host range, and evaluate the efficacy of five fungicides. Six strains of Trichothecium spp. isolated from nectarine, peach and walnut were selected. Although the colony morpho ...
DOI:
10.1111/ppa.13550

88. Characterizations of an Emerging Disease: Apple Blotch Caused by Diplocarpon coronariae (syn. Marssonina coronaria) in the Mid-Atlantic United States

Author:
Fatemeh Khodadadi; Phillip L. Martin; Daniel J. Donahue; Kari A. Peter; Srđan G. Aćimović
Source:
Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.7 pp. 1803-1817
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Diplocarpon mali; apples; conidia; cultivars; culture media; defoliation; difenoconazole; disease severity; fruits; fungi; gene expression; intergenic DNA; internal transcribed spacers; mycelium; pathogenesis-related proteins; peptones; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; spore dispersal; spring; thiophanate-methyl; Mid-Atlantic region
Abstract:
... Apple orchards with minimal or reduced fungicide inputs in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States have experienced outbreaks of severe premature defoliation with symptoms that matched those of apple blotch disease (ABD) caused by Diplocarpon coronariae. Fungal isolates obtained from symptomatic apple leaves and fruit produced uniform slow-growing, dark-gray colonies on peptone potato dextros ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-11-21-2557-RE

89. Chemical and sensory characterization of Kalecik Karası wines produced from two different regions in Turkey using chemometrics

Author:
Merve Darıcı; Turgut Cabaroglu
Source:
Journal of food processing and preservation 2022 v.46 no.6 pp. e16278
ISSN:
0145-8892
Subject:
acetates; apples; candy; chemical composition; chemometrics; dried fruit; flowers; fruits; grapes; nutmeg; odors; phenylethyl alcohol; protected designation of origin; raspberries; red wines; sensory evaluation; strawberries; winemaking
Abstract:
... Kalecik Karası (KK) is one of the important native grape varieties of Turkey used in red wine production. As an extension of a previous project that profiled the sensory characteristics of KK wines from different geographic regions of Turkey, this study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and sensory properties of KK wines belonging to different vintages from two different regions (Kalec ...
DOI:
10.1111/jfpp.16278

90. Chemical versus infrared spectroscopic measurements of quality attributes of sun or oven dried fruit leathers from apple, plum and apple-plum mixture

Author:
Nizam Mustafa Nizamlioglu; Sulhattin Yasar; Yasemin Bulut
Source:
Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + Technologie 2022 v.153 pp. 112420
ISSN:
0023-6438
Subject:
absorbance; antioxidant activity; apples; brix; fruit leather; fruits; leather; ovens; pH; plums; prediction; spectroscopy; texture; titratable acidity
Abstract:
... This study tested the effect of convective and sun drying on quality parameters of apple, plum and a blend of apple and plum (50:50, w/w) leathers. Moreover, physical, sensory and chemical attributes determined by chemical methods were compared with an infrared spectroscopic method. All products had optimum values of L* (brightness), huge angle and chroma within naturally occurrence range. Convect ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112420

91. Chemometric Comparison and Classification of 22 Apple Genotypes Based on Texture Analysis and Physico-Chemical Quality Attributes

Author:
Andruța E. Mureșan; Adriana F. Sestras; Mădălina Militaru; Adriana Păucean; Anda E. Tanislav; Andreea Pușcaș; Mădălina Mateescu; Vlad Mureșan; Romina A. Marc (Vlaic); Radu E. Sestras
Source:
Horticulturae 2022 v.8 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
2311-7524
Subject:
Malus domestica; apples; ash content; chemometrics; ciders; cultivars; desserts; fruit quality; fruit weight; germplasm; hardness; malic acid; multivariate analysis; texture; titratable acidity; water content
Abstract:
... The large number of cultivars belonging to the cultivated apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) reflects an extremely wide range of variability, including for fruit quality traits. To evaluate some characteristics of fruit quality, 22 apple genotypes were selected from a collection of germplasms containing more than 600 accessions, based on different considerations, including the use of fruits (dessert ...
DOI:
10.3390/horticulturae8010064

92. Co-Flowering Species Richness Increases Pollinator Visitation to Apple Flowers

Author:
Amy-Marie Gilpin; Conrad Kobel; Laura E. Brettell; Corey O’Brien; James M. Cook; Sally A. Power
Source:
Agriculture (Basel) 2022 v.12 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2077-0472
Subject:
Apis mellifera; Lepidoptera; Tetragonula carbonaria; agriculture; apples; farms; horticulture; landscapes; orchards; pollinators; species richness; stingless bees; vegetation; Australia
Abstract:
... Co-flowering plants can experience an array of interactions, ranging from facilitation to competition, the direction and strength of which are often dependent on the relative abundance and diversity of the plant species involved and the foraging behavior of their pollinators. Understanding interactions between plant–pollinator networks and how they change over time is particularly important within ...
DOI:
10.3390/agriculture12081246

93. Cold filamentary microplasma pretreatment combined with infrared dryer: Effects on drying efficiency and quality attributes of apple slices

Author:
Dmitry Khudyakov; Maksim Sosnin; Ivan Shorstkii; Charles Odilichukwu R. Okpala
Source:
Journal of food engineering 2022 v.329 pp. 111049
ISSN:
0260-8774
Subject:
antioxidant activity; apples; cold; color; dried fruit; flavonoids; infrared dryers; moisture diffusivity; specific energy
Abstract:
... Cold filamentary microplasma (CFM) pretreatment combined with infrared (IR)dryer was implemented, and its effect on drying efficiency (i.e., (drying) kinetics and moisture diffusivity) and quality attributes (i.e., total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity (AOA), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), color, and FT-IR spectra) of apple slices (5, 7, and 1 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111049

94. Combination of filtration and immunomagnetic separation based on real-time PCR to detect foodborne pathogens in fresh-cut apple

Author:
So-Young Lee; Jin-Hee Kim; Se-Wook Oh
Source:
Journal of microbiological methods 2022 v.201 pp. 106577
ISSN:
0167-7012
Subject:
Escherichia coli O157; Salmonella; apples; detection limit; enrichment culture; filtration; food pathogens; immunomagnetic separation; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rapid methods
Abstract:
... Rapid detection methods require pre-enrichment culture in order to detect low levels of foodborne pathogens. To rapidly detect foodborne pathogens, enrichment culture processes could be replaced. Filtration and immunomagnetic separation methods have been identified to effectively concentrate and separate target pathogens from foods. In this study, a combination of filtration and immunomagnetic sep ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106577

95. Combined UV-B and methyl jasmonate treatments enhance postharvest pigmentation of “Fuji” apples

Author:
Jung-A Ryu; Shucheng Duan; Chan Saem Gil; Ho Young Jeong; Chanhui Lee; In-Kyu Kang; Seok Hyun Eom
Source:
Postharvest biology and technology 2022 v.190 pp. 111938
ISSN:
0925-5214
Subject:
anthocyanins; apples; biosynthesis; color; dyes; ethephon; harvest date; irradiation; methyl jasmonate; pigmentation; quercetin
Abstract:
... The red color of postharvest apples is an important quality factor. Mixed colors cause a decrease in consumer purchase, even if other quality factors between apples are similar. The purpose of this study was to determine how well UV-B and surface colorant treatments (MeJA: methyl jasmonate; EP: ethephon) induce color changes in mixed-color apples after harvest. Partially less-pigmented apples were ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.postharvbio.2022.111938

96. Comparative Analysis of Environmental and Economic Performance of Agricultural Cooperatives and Smallholder Farmers for Apple Production in China

Author:
Juanjuan Cheng; Qian Wang; Dongjian Li; Jin Yu
Source:
Agriculture (Basel) 2022 v.12 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2077-0472
Subject:
agriculture; apples; economic costs; economic performance; environmental impact; farms; humans; industry; labor; life cycle assessment; life cycle costing; sustainable development; China
Abstract:
... China is the world’s largest apple producer, and agricultural cooperatives play an important role in promoting sustainable production in its whole life cycle system. However, few studies on cooperatives have evaluated the environmental and economic performance from the life cycle thinking perspective. In this study, the combined methods of life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC) were ...
DOI:
10.3390/agriculture12081281

97. Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analysis reveal MdWRKY75 associated with sucrose accumulation in postharvest ‘Honeycrisp’ apples with bitter pit

Author:
Chen Sun; Weiwei Zhang; Haiyong Qu; Longfei Yan; Lixia Li; Yuqi Zhao; Hongqiang Yang; Hua Zhang; Gaifang Yao; Kangdi Hu
Source:
BMC plant biology 2022 v.22 no.1 pp. 71
ISSN:
1471-2229
Subject:
antioxidant activity; apples; bitter pit; calcium; calcium deficiency; flavonoids; fructose; glucose; malondialdehyde; metabolism; metabolites; nutritive value; phenols; plant response; principal component analysis; shelf life; sucrose; transcriptomics
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Calcium (Ca) deficiency can cause apple bitter pit, reduce the quality and shelf life. WRKY transcription factors play essential role in plant response to multiple disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms causing bitter pit in apple fruit due to Ca deficiency during storage is extremely limited. RESULTS: In the present study, the nutritional metabolites and reactive oxygen species ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12870-022-03453-8

98. Comparative transcriptome reveals molecular mechanism in apple genotypes differing in CO2 tolerance in CA storage

Author:
Yongxin Li; Ce Zheng; Chao Wang; John B. Golding; Lei Ru
Source:
Postharvest biology and technology 2022 v.185 pp. 111807
ISSN:
0925-5214
Subject:
RNA; acclimation; apples; biosynthesis; carbon dioxide; catechol oxidase; controlled atmosphere storage; cultivars; lactate dehydrogenase; lactic acid; lipids; models; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; polyphenols; pyruvate decarboxylase; sequence analysis; storage time; transcriptome
Abstract:
... Internal browning is physiological storage disorder in many apples often associated with high CO₂ during controlled atmosphere (CA) storage. However the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to internal browning are poorly understood. This study examined changes in the apple transcriptome associated with internal browning related to high CO₂ in CA storage by comparing the responses of a CO₂ sens ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.postharvbio.2021.111807

99. Comparison and Intercorrelation of Extraction Methods for Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Scab-Resistant Apple Cultivars

Author:
Mihály Orosz-Tóth; Andrea Nemes-Kun; Daniel A. Lowy; Ádám Csihon; Zsolt Sándor; Ida Kincses; Imre J. Holb
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
acetone; agronomy; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; apples; control methods; cultivars; ethanol; methanol; polygalacturonase; polyphenols
Abstract:
... Polyphenols with antioxidant compounds represent an important group of bioactive substances in apple production. The objectives of this study were firstly to measure four parameters of antioxidant capacity (AC) and polyphenol content (AC-FRAP (Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma), AC-DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrol), AC-TEAC (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) and total polyphenol content (TP ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12020289

100. Comparison of drought resistance of rootstocks 'M9-T337' and 'M26' grafted with 'Huashuo' apple

Author:
Cai-Yun Shi; Li Liu; Qiu-Li Li; Zhi-Feng Wei; Deng-Tao Gao
Source:
Horticulture, environment and biotechnology 2022 v.63 no.3 pp. 299-310
ISSN:
2211-3452
Subject:
Malus domestica; Malus prunifolia; antioxidant enzymes; apples; biotechnology; chlorophyll; drought; drought tolerance; electron transfer; energy; environment; enzyme activity; horticulture; leaf relative water content; photochemistry; photosystem II; rootstocks; scions; water stress; China
Abstract:
... Drought stress is one of the main limiting factors in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivation. Rootstock plays an important role in the drought tolerance of apple plants. ‘M.9-T337’ is a novel apple rootstock that was recently introduced and widely cultivated in China. In this study, we selected the new, widely promoted Chinese apple variety ‘Huashuo’ as the scion and grafted it onto ‘M.9-T337’ ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13580-021-00398-z