An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
allopurinol; caffeine; education; environment; epidemiology; income; metformin; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; people; public health; statistics; wastewater treatment; watersheds; Australia
Abstract:
... Metformin is the most widely used drug to treat type 2 diabetes. Monitoring spatial patterns of metformin use could provide new insights into treatment of type 2 diabetes and the distribution among populations. This study applied a wastewater-based epidemiological (WBE) approach to estimate metformin use in different populations across Australia and compared these estimates with traditional approa ...
Eduardo O. Marson; Cleiseano E.S. Paniagua; Oswaldo Gomes Júnior; Bárbara R. Gonçalves; Valdislaine M. Silva; Ivo A. Ricardo; Maria Clara V. M. Starling; Camila C. Amorim; Alam G. Trovó
... This work presents data regarding the occurrence and treatment of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) in Brazil in the past decade. The literature review (2011−2021) revealed the detection of 87 pharmaceutical drugs and personal care products, 58 pesticides, 8 hormones, 2 illicit drugs, caffeine and bisphenol A in distinct matrices (i.e.: wastewater, groundwater, sea water, rainwater, surface ...
analgesics; burden of disease; caffeine; demography; excretion; ibuprofen; municipal wastewater; population density; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are found in wastewater, and thus, the environment. In this study, current knowledge about the occurrence and fate of PPCPs in aquatic systems—including wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and natural waters around the world—is critically reviewed to inform the state of the science and highlight existing knowledge gaps. Excretion by humans is the ...
Betty Mancebo Dorvigny; Lethicia Souza Tavares; Ingrydt Alcântara de Almeida; Lucas Nunes Santana; Esther de Souza Silva; Juliana Kelly Urtigas de Souza; Anísio Francisco Soares; Valdemiro Amaro da Silva Júnior; José Vitor Lima‐Filho
... Caffeine has been reported for its antiinflammatory properties by stimulating phagocytosis. In this study, we investigated the antiinflammatory and antiinfective potential of caffeine in murine macrophage cell cultures and Swiss mice infected with virulent Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. Peritoneal macrophages (pMØ) were treated with caffeine on 96‐well plates for 24 hr and then infected ...
... Non-destructive techniques aided by machine learning models are widely implemented in food analysis. To discriminate between ‘special’ and ‘traditional’ classes of green coffee beans, an advanced multispectral imaging technique based on reflectance and autofluorescence data was employed in combination with four machine learning algorithms (SVM, RF, XGBoost, and CatBoost). Of the four algorithms, S ...
... Caffeine (CAF) and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) are human activity indicators, classified as contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). The long-term effects of these CECs on keystone species are still scarce in the literature. In this study, the molting and reproduction of Daphnia magna were evaluated over chronicle experiments by quantitative and qualitative approaches. The reported environ ...
... Exploring the contamination profile of multi-class emerging contaminants (ECs) in wastewater is highly desirable. To this end, the occurrence, removal, mass loading and risks associated with a large panel of pharmaceuticals and personal care products, illicit drugs, perfluorinated compounds and organophosphate flame retardants in two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the region of Thessalonik ...
... Although sports nutrition guidelines promote evidence-based practice, it is unclear whether women have been adequately included in the underpinning research. In view of the high usage rates of performance supplements by female athletes, we conducted a standardised audit of the literature supporting evidence-based products: β-alanine, caffeine, creatine, glycerol, nitrate/beetroot juice and sodium ...
... Dysregulated hepatic lipogenesis represents a promising druggable target for treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This work aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of caffeine in a NASH mouse model displaying increased hepatic lipogenesis driven by constitutive hepatic overexpression of the active v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT). Caffeine was administered in the AKT mi ...
adsorption; caffeine; coordination polymers; fabrics; markets; microencapsulation; polyamides; porosity; temperature
Abstract:
... Currently in the marketplace, we can find clothing items able to release skin-friendly ingredients while wearing them. These innovative products with high-added value are based on microencapsulation technology. In this work, due to its lightness, flexibility, porosity, chemical affinity and adsorption capacity, metal–organic framework (MOF) MIL-53(Al) was the selected microcapsule to be synthesize ...
... Thirty rats with glioma were divided into control group, temozolomide (TMZ) group (TMZ 30 mg/kg once daily for 5 day), and TMZ plus Caffeine group (TMZ 30 mg/kg once daily for 5 day and caffeine 100 mg/kg once daily for 2 weeks). The relative tumor fold and expression of hypoxia-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), CCAAT/enhancer-binding prot ...
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; caffeine; confidence interval; hazard ratio; mortality; nutrition; overweight; risk
Abstract:
... The association between caffeine consumption and mortality in different weight statuses is unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of caffeine consumption on mortality in different weight statuses. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999-2014) was used in this study. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models with appropriate sampling weigh ...
Andrey Alves Porto; Cicero Jonas R. Benjamim; Luana Almeida Gonzaga; Mariana Luciano de Almeida; Carlos Roberto Bueno Júnior; David M. Garner; Vitor Engrácia Valenti
... Results regarding the effects of caffeine (CAF) intake on the autonomic control of heart rate recovery exercise remain inconclusive. Thus far, no study has used effect measures to pool the results of different experiments. We aim to assess the acute effect of CAF intake before exercise on the recovery of heart rate variability (HRV) after exercise through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ran ...
... Heterosis or hybrid vigor is extensively used in plant breeding. However, the contribution of metabolites to heterosis is still elusive. Here, we systematically identified the non-volatile and volatile metabolites of two hybrids and their parents in Camellia sinensis. The metabolomics analysis showed prevalent non-additive accumulation in hybrids, among which the non-additive nucleotides, alkaloid ...
Nguyen Thi Nu Trinh; Nguyen Ngoc Tuan; Tran Dinh Thang; Ping-Chung Kuo; Nguyen Ba Thanh; Le Nhat Tam; Le Hong Tuoi; Trang H. D. Nguyen; Danh C. Vu; Thi L. Ho; Le Ngoc Anh; Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy
... Monofloral honey samples (Coffea robusta) from Vietnam were determined for their chemical compositions. This is the first report on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of coffee honey from Vietnam. These samples were characterized by their high contents of total and reducing sugars, total phenolic contents, and total flavonoid contents. The contents of seven phenolic acids (PAs) were ...
Emanuele Catarina da Silva Oliveira; José Maria Rodrigues da Luz; Marina Gomes de Castro; Paulo Roberto Filgueiras; Rogério Carvalho Guarçoni; Eustáquio Vinicius Ribeiro de Castro; Marliane de Cássia Soares da Silva; Lucas Louzada Pereira
... Edaphoclimatic conditions, planting altitudes, soil, the microbiome of plants and fruits, genotypes, and postharvest processing are variables that contribute to the chemical and sensory quality of the coffee. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of planting altitude and fermentation of fruits on the chemical and sensory quality of the coffee using Nuclear Magnetic Resonanc ...
black tea; caffeine; chemical composition; epigallocatechin gallate; fermentation; flavanols; food research; isoquercitrin; polymerization; quercitrin; quinic acid; trees
Abstract:
... Ancient bud black tea (ABBT) is a special kind of black tea (BT) made from the bud of ancient tea tree. However, there is limited information about its chemical composition and the effects of shoot maturity and fermentation. By UHPLC-HRMS, 208 compounds including catechins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids and others were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in ABBT. By comparison with t ...
... The section Oleifera (Theaceae) has attracted attention for the high levels of unsaturated fatty acids found in its seeds. Here, we report the chromosome‐scale genome of the sect. Oleifera using diploid wild Camellia lanceoleosa with a final size of 3.00 Gb and an N50 scaffold size of 186.43 Mb. Repetitive sequences accounted for 80.63% and were distributed unevenly across the genome. Camellia lan ...
... Activated carbon (AC) can be used for the removal of emerging contaminants (e.g., drugs) in water and wastewater treatment plants. In the present study, we investigated the performance of two ACs (from coconut shell and Pinnus sp.) in the adsorption of caffeine, carbamazepine, and ricobendazole considering the compounds separately and in combination in batch-scale experiments. The concentrations o ...
... Coffee flavor is a complex commercial trait and its generation mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we investigated non-volatile and volatile compounds in the AA grade coffee beans of cultivated and wild Coffea arabica accessions in Kenya. An increased accumulation of trigonelline and sucrose along with a decreased accumulation of caffeine and 5-caffeoylquinic acid or chlorogenic acid (CGA) re ...
... Roasting is a common manufacture technology for processing various teas. It is not only used in decreasing the water content of finished tea, but also improving the flavor of teas. In the present study, the roasted and non-roasted teas were compared by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry and sensory evaluation. The roasted tea tasted less bitter and astringent. The content of main galloylated ...
Márcio Flávio Moura de Araújo; Maria Wendiane Gueiros Gaspar; Vivian Saraiva Veras; Roberto Wagner Júnior Freire de Freitas; Maria do Livramento de Paula; Maria Aparecida Alves de Oliveira Serra; José Claudio Garcia Lira Neto; Marta Maria Coelho Damasceno; Ana Vládia Bandeira Moreira; Vanessa Derenji de Mello
arm circumference; biomarkers; blood glucose; body fat; caffeine; decaffeination; diabetes; diastolic blood pressure; food industry; fructooligosaccharides; glycemic control; markets; people; risk; waist circumference; weight loss
Abstract:
... Food industry has been investing in bringing to the market coffee‐based drinks enriched in compounds that promise weight loss, which consequently influences diabetes risk. However, there are no clinical trials showing the effects of brewed coffee (with or without caffeine) enriched with bioactive compounds on body fat and glycemic control in healthy individuals. Therefore, we have evaluated the ef ...
... Adsorption of caffeine from an aqueous solution was carried out using Velvet Tamarind-Pericarp, activated with H₃PO₄. The adsorbent was characterized using a scanning-electron microscope and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. Parameters such as activating agent concentration (80 wt.% in 100 mL solution), initial caffeine concentration of 5−40 g/L, pH of 0−14, and residence time 0−90 minutes, were investi ...
Hibiscus; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; body weight; caffeine; calibration; detection limit; food intake; food safety; methylxanthines; risk; risk characterization; tea; theobromine; theophylline; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... Tea leaves contain methylxanthines, such as caffeine, which have various physiological and pharmacological effects in vivo. Caffeine, theobromine and theophylline were analysed in various teas to determine the exposure amount and health risk of methylxanthine intake from tea. All the determined validation parameters of the HPLC analysis method, which included specificity, linearity of the calibrat ...
... A variety of adverse environmental factors during pregnancy cause maternal chronic stress. Caffeine is a common stressor, and its consumption during pregnancy is widespread. Our previous study showed that prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE) increased maternal blood glucocorticoid levels and caused abnormal development of offspring. However, the placental mechanism for fetal development inhibition cau ...
... In the present study, purine alkaloid analysis and transcriptome of Camellia gymnogyna Hung T. Chang (Theaceae) from Dayao Mountain were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and RNA-Seq, respectively. The results showed that the major purine alkaloids accumulated in Camellia gymnogyna Hung T. Chang (Theaceae) were theobromine together with a small amount of theacrine and caff ...
... A unique aspect of metabolic detoxification in insects compared to other animals is the presence of xenobiotic phosphorylation, about which little is currently understood. Our previous work raised the hypothesis that members of the taxonomically restricted ecdysteroid kinase-like (EcKL) gene family encode the enzymes responsible for xenobiotic phosphorylation in the model insect Drosophila melanog ...
... Acetaminophen (APAP) is a painkiller that can cause hepatotoxicity if taken in excess. We investigated the effect of pu-erh tea extract (PTE) on hepatotoxicity induced by excess APAP using physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses. PTE decreased levels of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis markers induced by excess APAP. And 156 metabolites and 703 genes were iden ...
body weight; caffeine; cross-over studies; heart rate; ingestion; placebos
Abstract:
... The effects of caffeine were investigated in judo, boxing, taekwondo and Brazilian jiu-jitsu. However, this substance was never investigated regarding traditional jiu-jitsu. Therefore, the aim of this research was to analyze the effects of caffeine in the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) and technical variables during combat in traditional jiu-jitsu elite athletes. Methods: Twenty-two young profes ...
... The current study aimed to examine the effects of caffeine consumption on physical and cognitive performance after an endurance race following one night of sleep deprivation. Ten recreational runners performed four test sessions in a randomized order at 09:00 h after placebo or 5 mg/kg of caffeine ingestion during a baseline night (BN) (bedtime: from 22:30 h to 07:00 h) or a night of total sleep d ...
... Several studies explored the effects of caffeine on isometric handgrip strength, but their findings varied. Therefore, the aim of this review was to perform a meta-analysis of studies exploring the effects of caffeine on isometric handgrip strength. Search for studies was performed through five databases (Academic Search Elite, Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus) with additi ...
... Containing similar aroma and flavor profile of coffee after roasting, Vigna angularis have potential to be a caffeine‐free coffee‐like beverage. Microwave roasting process was conducted in a microwave oven at 600 W for 7, 14, and 21 min at 2‐min intervals, and fluidized bed roasting process was conducted in a fluidized bed roaster at 200°C for 9, 18, and 27 min. In order to compare the roasted bea ...
Syafiq Zikri Salleh; Azizah Abdul Hamid; Ahmad Haniff Jaafar; Nor Diana Abdul Majid; Nazamid Saari; Hani Hafeeza Halim; Amin Ismail; Ahmad Faizal Abdul Razis; Nurul Shazini Ramli; Mohd Sabri Pak Dek
AMP-activated protein kinase; Morinda citrifolia; caffeine; catechin; cell lines; creatinine; energy; energy metabolism; epicatechin; ergogenic aids; functional foods; glucose; green tea; ingredients; lactate dehydrogenase; lactic acid; leaf extracts; leaves; muscles; quercetin; skeletal muscle; weight control; weight gain
Abstract:
... Ergogenic property is the ability to enhance capacity for physical activities through efficient production of energy and is potentially beneficial in weight management for the obese. In this study, ergogenic property of Morinda citrifolia leaf's extract (MCL) was evaluated using AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and high fat diet‐induced obese rats. Findings from the study showed that M ...
... We investigate the effect of added KCl on the glass transition of potassium-κ-carrageenan/polydextrose and molecular transport of caffeine. Samples were prepared with 2% (w/w) κ-carrageenan, 82% (w/w) polydextrose and 1% (w/w) caffeine to a total solids level of 85% (w/w). KCl was added at 0, 50, 100 and 200 mM to induce a dependence of structural properties on the potassium ion concentration. Hig ...
... Carbon-based adsorbents show high adsorption capacity towards caffeine due to their porosity and surface functionality. However, the main limiting factor for high performance has not been addressed; furthermore, the adsorption interaction with different active sites needs to be explored. In this study, we synthesized a hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon with unique surface functionality by ...
Ascomycota; bacterial communities; caffeine; cation exchange capacity; community structure; epigallocatechin; fungal communities; gallic acid; high performance liquid chromatography; nitrogen; pH; phosphorus; potassium; soil fertility; soil microorganisms; soil organic carbon; sustainable development; tea; total nitrogen; total phosphorus
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Ancient tea plantations with an age over 100 years still reserved at Mengku Town in Lincang Region of Yunan Province, China. However, the characteristic of soil chemicophysical properties and microbial ecosystem in the ancient tea plantations and their correlation with tea-leaves chemical components remained unclear. Tea-leaves chemical components including free amino acids, phenolic c ...
... To identify the factors that influence the presence and quantification of endocrine disruptors (EDs) in bottled water marketed in Bogotá, the packaging (plastic or glass), gas (sparkling or still water) and origin (international or Colombian) of the water were considered. EDs were divided into plasticizers, drugs and hormones and were quantitatively determined via gas chromatography coupled to mas ...
Cannabis sativa; amphetamine; caffeine; cocaine; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; methadone; methamphetamines
Abstract:
... In this work, we have focused on the profiling of 5647 street samples covering marijuana, common and new recreational illicit drugs. All samples were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. In total we have identified 53 illicit drugs with Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), amphetamine, N-ethylhexedrone, 3,4-methylenedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA), 4-chloromethcathinone ( ...
... COVID19 pandemic and the consequent restrictions to constrain SARS-CoV-2 spreading produced several impacts on the worldwide population. The present study focused on 10 Organic Micropollutants (illicit drugs, pharmaceuticals including some antibiotics and caffeine) and aimed to assess: (1) if COVID19 pandemic restrictions affected the load of those contaminants released into the sewage network and ...
... We previously reported a study on 288 broiler (Gallus gallus) chicks who received caffeine in water between days 3 and 42, at levels of 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day. In the previous report, we found that caffeine caused pulmonary hypertension (PH)‐associated mortality in a significant minority (20%–30%) of birds, including right ventricular hypertrophy and ascites. We h ...
... Farmers near towns and cities are using a wide range of highly polluted wastewaters for crop irrigation in Pakistan due to severe freshwater shortage. The present study aimed to promote indigenous bacterial strains isolated from domestic, hospital, textile, pharmaceutical and mixed wastewaters to remove contaminants and colour and render these wastewaters safer for irrigation. Thirty seven bacteri ...
Geórgia Labuto; Ana P. Carvalho; Ana S. Mestre; Mikaela S. dos Santos; Helen R. Modesto; Tiago Dias Martins; Sherlan G. Lemos; Heron D.T. da Silva; Elma Neide Vasconcelos Martins Carrilho; Wagner A. Carvalho
... Pharmaceuticals enter water bodies mainly through urban effluents harmful to the biota, inducing microbial resistance, and impacting hydric security. Activated carbon has been used for effluent treatment and associated with ferromagnetic nanoparticles can facilitate the separation of this adsorbent from an aqueous medium and improve the adsorption capacity. A yeast-based carbon (YC) prepared from ...
... Biodegradable films based on starch modified with ascorbic acid or caffeine and dialdehyde starch (DS) were evaluated towards their applications in the food packaging industry. The morphology of the films surface was observed with SEM and AFM. The chemical structure was examined with ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The mechanical, thermal and barrier properties of the films were exami ...
caffeine; dihydrotestosterone; drought; drugs; human health; pollution; research; risk; river water; rivers; surface water; surfactants; wastewater; Iran
Abstract:
... Zayandeh Rood river is the most important river in central Iran supplying water for a variety of uses including drinking water for approximately three million inhabitants. The study aimed to investigate the quality of water concerning the presence of pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) and hormonelike compounds, which have been only poorly studied in this region. Sampling was performed at seve ...
... Chemical pesticides are still frequently overused to diminish such crop loss caused by biotic stress despite the threat to humans and the environment. Thus, it is urgent to find safer and more effective defense strategies. In this study, we report that caffeine, implanted through a transgenic approach, enhances resistance against variable biotic stresses in rice without fitness cost. Caffeine‐prod ...
Ali Haider Mohammed; Ali Blebil; Amutha Selvaraj; Zoena Jia Xuan Ang; Cui Yee Chong; Veronica Rui Sim Chu; Yi Qi Ku; Bassam Abdul Rasool Hassan; Abdulrasool M. Wayyes; Abdelhaleem Mustafa Madani
... Background. The frequent expansion of the energy drinks (EDs) market has caused an extensive increase in the consumption of EDs, especially among younger populations. However, the lack of knowledge on EDs and their perceived beneficial effects could lead to excessive EDs consumption, which is strongly associated with serious side effects. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and perceived bene ...
Mariana Rodrigues da Silva; Felipe Sanchez Bragagnolo; Renato Lajarim Carneiro; Isabela de Oliveira Carvalho Pereira; José Antonio Aquino Ribeiro; Clenilson Martins Rodrigues; Rebecca E. Jelley; Bruno Fedrizzi; Cristiano Soleo Funari
... Approximately 11.4 million tonnes of solid by-products and an increased amount of waste water will be generated during the 2020/21 coffee harvest. There are currently no truly value-adding uses for these potentially environmentally threatening species. This work presents the most wide-ranging chemical investigation of coffee by-products collected from farms to factories, including eight never prev ...
... Specialty coffee can be developed by the application of explicit microorganisms or starters to obtain desired fermentation. In the present study, natural fermentation (NF) of Arabica coffee was carried out spontaneously, the other set was inoculated with Pichia kudriavzevii (Y) starter culture (isolated, identified and mass cultured). The effect of microbial fermentation, metagenomics, production ...
acetates; anodes; bioelectricity; caffeine; decaffeination; electrochemistry; electron transfer; environmental technology; microbial fuel cells; power generation; salinity; sodium; sodium chloride
Abstract:
... A series of studies of the effects of operational parameters including organic substrate loading concentration, initial caffeine concentration, circuit connection, external resistance and salinity were carried out to evaluate the optimal performance of a double chambered microbial fuel cell for the treatment of caffeine. The increment of organic substrate loading concentration at anode increased t ...
... Current procedures for fluorometric detection of extracellular hydrolytic enzyme activities in intact aquatic biofilms are very laborious and insufficiently standardized. To facilitate the direct determination of a multitude of enzymatic parameters without biofilm disintegration, a new approach was followed. Beads made of different mineral materials were subjected to biofilm growth in various aqua ...
Camellia sinensis var. assamica; biosynthesis; bitterness; caffeine; catechin; cultivars; epigallocatechin; flavonols; food chemistry; germplasm; glycosides; metabolites; metabolomics; methylation; tea; China
Abstract:
... Jianghua Kucha (JHKC) is a special tea germplasm with high bitterness growing in China; however, the chemical characteristics of JHKC are not completely understood. In this study, 61 differential metabolites were identified between 11 wild JHKC individuals and 3 control cultivars of Fudingdabai, Yunkang 10, and Zhuyeqi using comprehensive nontargeted and targeted metabolomics approach. The JHKC ac ...
... Rudimentary on‐site sanitation systems (OSSs) are extensively used in low‐income countries despite the risk of groundwater contamination. The present study investigated the potential impact of community soak pits on sandy shallow aquifers in a rural area in Sri Lanka. Thirty‐two groundwater samples were collected and measured for the traditional indicators fecal bacteria Escherichia coli, total co ...
... Coffee by-products are generated along the coffee production chain, from harvest to brewing. The presence of phenolic compounds, caffeine, and flavonoids in coffee and its by-products has attracted attention with respect to their applications in foods and pharmaceutical matrices, especially considering the bioactive potential of these molecules. These by-products can be used as ingredients to redu ...
... Investigation of major volatile and non-volatile phytochemicals from flowers of different cultivars of Camellia sinensis was performed. A total of 21 volatile constituents and 9 fatty acids were identified by gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC-MS). For evaluation of non-volatile constituents, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (RP-HPLC-DAD) is us ...
Coffea arabica; Coffea canephora; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; beverage industry; caffeine; calcium; chemical constituents of plants; chlorogenic acid; gastrointestinal system; measurement; microwave treatment; nutrient content; phenolic compounds; potassium; principal component analysis; quercetin; raw materials; theophylline; trigonelline; variance
Abstract:
... The present study aims to assess the nutritional composition and the impact of diverse green extraction techniques like conventional (CE), microwave-assisted (MAE), ultra-sound assisted (UAE), and brewing (BR) on the phytochemicals, antioxidant activities, and bio-accessibility of functional compounds by in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion from Coffea arabica and Coffea robusta leaves. T ...
antioxidants; butylated hydroxytoluene; caffeine; cocaine; forensic sciences; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; industry; lidocaine; police; temperature; Brazil
Abstract:
... Plastic antioxidants (PAOs), which are used in the industry to prevent degradation caused by thermo-mechanical or thermo-oxidative conditions, have been found in cocaine products seized by the Civil Police of the Federal District, Brazil, since 2019. In this study, a 4-meter short column gas chromatography-mass spectrometry qualitative method (GC-MS) was optimized and validated to detect cocaine, ...
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; alcohol drinking; body mass index; body weight; caffeine; candy; cross-sectional studies; energy; females; military personnel; questionnaires; regression analysis; tobacco use
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Although representative data on caffeine intake in Americans are available, these data do not include US service members (SMs). The few previous investigations in military personnel largely involve convenience samples. This cross-sectional study examined prevalence of caffeine consumers, daily caffeine consumption, and factors associated with caffeine use among United States active dut ...
... Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) in natural water pose risks to ecosystems. The concentration of CECs varies spatially and temporally, and their estimated ecotoxicities differ widely by toxicological studies. This study extensively reviewed literature on ecological risk assessment and proposed a probabilistic framework for assessing ecological risk and its uncertainties (aleatory and episte ...
... Although there is growing evidence that micropollutants can be microbially converted in rapid sand filters of drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), little is known about the biotransformation pathways and associated microbial strains in this process. Here, we constructed sand filter columns filled with manganese or quartz sand obtained from full-scale DWTPs to explore the biotransformation of e ...
air; analytical chemistry; atmospheric pressure; black tea; caffeine; carbonated beverages; chemical species; desorption; glass; ionization; isotope labeling; liquids; mass spectrometry; quantitative analysis; silica; steel; thin layer chromatography
Abstract:
... Ambient desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (ADI-MS) is widely used as a rapid screening tool of samples in their native state without sample preparation. While analysis times are much less than 1 min per sample, one challenge of ADI-MS is the possibility to perform quantitative analysis of analytes in complex matrices. Typically, the goal is to probe a variety of different analytes in a compl ...
adults; beverages; black tea; caffeine; oolong tea; probability analysis; risk; surveys; toxicology
Abstract:
... Caffeine has known effects on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems. An intake up to 400 mg/day does not give rise to health concerns. Tea, a major source of caffeine, is highly consumed in China. However, the potential health risk of caffeine from tea has not been well evaluated. The present study assessed caffeine intake levels from tea for Chinese adult consumers. We collected 1,398 sa ...
Chama; caffeine; environment; factor analysis; livestock; models; municipal wastewater; rivers; sulfadiazine; surface water; China
Abstract:
... Recognizing the main sources of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) found in surface waters has been a challenge to the effective control of PhAC contamination from the sources. In the present study, a novel method based on Characteristic Matrix (ChaMa) model of indicator PhACs to quantitatively identify the contribution of multiple emission sources was developed, verified, and applied in Hu ...
absorbance; adsorption; caffeine; dyes; environmental technology; hot water treatment; ion exchange; isopropyl alcohol; kinetics; light; nanotubes; photocatalysis; sorption isotherms; temperature; wastewater
Abstract:
... Titanate nanotubes (NTs) were synthesised by the hydrothermal method and later calcined at temperatures between 100–500°C. The calcined NTs were characterised and evaluated in the physicochemical adsorption of the safranin dye and photocatalytic degradation of caffeine. The materials calcined at low temperatures displayed a tubular structure and the H₂Ti₃O₇ crystalline phase, which was transformed ...
alpha-amylase; bioassays; black tea; caffeine; ethyl acetate; flavanols; food science; high performance liquid chromatography; humans; protein binding; tandem mass spectrometry; China
Abstract:
... Larger-leaf yellow tea (LYT) is a characteristic type of Chinese tea produced in Huoshan County, Anhui Province, which is made by mature leaves with stems. According to recent report, LYT showed competitive effects in anti-hyperglycemia in comparison to other teas such as green or black tea. However, the bioactive compounds of LYT are still undiscovered so far. For this purpose, 5 fractions of LYT ...
... With the growing consumption of caffeine-containing beverages, detection of caffeine has become an important biomedical, bioanalytical, and environmental topic. We herein isolated four high-quality aptamers for caffeine with dissociation constants ranging from 2.2 to 14.6 μM as characterized using isothermal titration calorimetry. Different binding patterns were obtained for the three single demet ...
Bacteroidales; Escherichia coli; caffeine; cattle; coasts; feces; fisheries; fluconazole; humans; microbial contamination; municipal wastewater; pollution; rivers; sanitation; sewage; sucralose; surface water; sustainable development; tourists; water quality; watersheds; Caribbean; Saint Lucia
Abstract:
... The Sustainable Development Goal 6 calls for global progress by 2030 in treating domestic wastewater and providing access to adequate sanitation facilities. However, meeting these goals will be a challenge for most Small Island Developing States, including Caribbean island nations. In the nearshore zone of the Soufriere region on the Caribbean island of St. Lucia, there is a history of high levels ...
... Despite having similar amounts of caffeine, “specialty” coffee drinks (SCDs; e.g., lattes and frappes) contain nearly 10 times as many calories and cost nearly double the price compared to more traditional coffee drinks (e.g., brewed and iced coffee). The current study examined the efficacy of generic and personalized behavior feedback messages to reduce participants' intention to consume SCDs, as ...
... SCG are a bio-waste generated in great amount worldwide which are attractive as soil amendment for their high content of organic matter and nutritive elements. Nevertheless, several studies have shown that soil application of untreated SCG has detrimental agronomic and environmental effects due to their high degradability and content of noxious compounds (phenols, caffeine, and tannins). However, ...
DNA damage; DNA replication; apoptosis; caffeine; caspases; cell cycle checkpoints; humans; phosphotransferases (kinases); proteasome endopeptidase complex; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... The protein stability of the initiation factors Orc2, Orc3, Orc4, and Cdc6 was analyzed after UV light exposure in two human cell lines. In the cell line with higher repair capacity, HEK 293, no changes in the cell cycle distribution or in the protein levels of the investigated factors were detected. In HeLa cells that are characterized by lower repair capacity, UV irradiation caused a reduction o ...
... BACKGROUND: The design and discovery of novel pesticidal agents according to bioactive natural products is an important aspect of agrochemical innovation. New xanthine derivatives derived from natural xanthine or methylxanthines are rich resources that possess great potential to afford new active pesticidal molecules. Herein novel xanthine derivatives were designed through a strategy of combining ...
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; adults; blood serum; caffeine; cross-sectional studies; endocrine system; etiology; inflammation; metabolites; nutrition; regression analysis; testosterone; theobromine; theophylline; xanthine
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Caffeine is one of the most commonly used psychoactive drugs in the world, and provides many health benefits including alertness, improved memory, and reducing inflammation. Despite these benefits, caffeine has been implicated in a number of adverse health outcomes possibly due to effects within the endocrine system, effects that may contribute to impaired reproductive function and low ...
... This work examines the relationship between microstructural properties of hot-moulded chitosan networks, crosslinked with trisodium phosphate, and diffusive behaviour from these networks. Analysis through infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed successful crosslinking of the polymer chains and bioactive entrapment, while X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and dynamic oscillation in-shear elucidated the highe ...
apples; benzoic acid; caffeine; diffusivity; digestion; food science; gastric juice; in vitro digestion; mass transfer; pectins; research
Abstract:
... The relative importance of the physical resistances to mass transfer have been explored by using halved 13 mm diameter apple-pectin tablets containing caffeine, in different external stirring environments within a beaker containing simulated gastric fluid. The effects of different external (outside of the tablets) mass-transfer resistances to the tablets created through two different stirrer types ...
... Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness. It is generally caused by increased intraocular pressure, which results in damage of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells, ultimately leading to visual field dysfunction. However, even with the use of intraocular pressure-lowering eye drops, the disease still progresses in some patients. In addition to mechanical and vascular d ...
aspirin; benzophenones; byproducts; caffeine; chlorination; chlorine; deet; disinfection; human health; hydrogen peroxide; ibuprofen; oxidants; oxidation; pH; water treatment
Abstract:
... The presence of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in water is concerning because of their potential threat to ecosystems and human health. Studies have indicated that these emerging contaminants cannot be effectively removed through conventional water treatment. In this study, the efficacy of various treatments - chlorination, ultraviolet (UV), UV/Chlorine, and UV/H₂O₂ processes - ...
Alexandra Cravo; Sofia Silva; João Rodrigues; Vítor Vale Cardoso; Maria João Benoliel; Cátia Correia; Maria Rosário Coelho; Maria João Rosa; Cristina M.M. Almeida
Ruditapes decussatus; acetaminophen; bioaccumulation; caffeine; coastal water; diclofenac; high performance liquid chromatography; principal component analysis; research; salinity; solid phase extraction; tandem mass spectrometry; wastewater treatment; water solubility
Abstract:
... Twenty-four pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) were evaluated in the soft tissues of clams Ruditappes decussatus exposed along a 1.5-km dispersal gradient of the treated effluent from an urban wastewater treatment plant discharging in Ria Formosa, and compared with those in the marine waters and discharged effluents. The clams were exposed for 1 month, in June–July 2016, 2017 and 2018. PhACs ...
... PURPOSE: Coffee pulp (CP), a by-product of coffee processing industry, was valorized as a functional food ingredient by exploring effects of different extractions on its phytochemicals and formulation of a novel beverage with probiotic kefir micro-organisms. METHODS: Wet coffee pulp was vacuum dried, pre-treated using steam (SCP) and viscozyme (VCP) followed by aqueous extraction of its phytochemi ...
... BACKGROUND: Coffea arabica L. is an economically important agricultural crop and the most popular beverage worldwide. As a perennial crop with recalcitrant seed, conservation of the genetic resources of coffee can be achieved through the complementary approach of in-situ and ex-situ field genebank. In Ethiopia, a large collection of C. arabica L. germplasm is preserved in field gene banks. Here, w ...
... Combination of ‘green’ coagulation and powdered activated carbon adsorption was tested for removal of benzophenone (BP), benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and caffeine (CF) from treated municipal wastewater at realistic concentration levels (1–2 µg/L). At the same time it was tracked how the process affected effluent organic matter (EfOM) by measuring chemical oxygen demand (COD). Green coagulant was produced ...
... l-Carnitine (LC) plays an important role in the catabolism of lipids and protects cells from the damage caused by reactive oxygen species due to its antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding different concentrations of LC during porcine invitro maturation on embryo quality and development. The cumulus–oocyte complexes were obtained by follicular aspiration fr ...
... Previous embryonic fish data have shown caffeine to induce potential teratogenic and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes through oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis. In this context, antioxidants may have the potential to counteract the caffeine-induced effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of 24-epibrassinolide (24-EPI), a natural brassinostero ...
... The selective recognition of caffeine in water among structurally related xanthines and purine or pyrimidine bases was achieved by a simple tweezer-shaped receptor featuring sulfonate hydrosolubilizing groups. The remarkable affinity for caffeine, among the highest reported thus far in the literature and larger than that shown by adenosine receptors of all subtypes, stems from a synergistic combin ...
... Caffeine is an ergogenic aid in many sports, including basketball. This systematic review examines the effects of caffeine on basketball-related skill tasks along with physical aspects of performance deemed important for the game. A systematic search was conducted across three databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science) to identify randomized-controlled trials which examined the effect of c ...
... In this study, an integrated characterisation through polyphenol and caffeine content and antioxidant activity was combined with chemometric analysis to assess the effects of simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the bioaccessibility of these bioactive compounds from nine different tea infusions. Tea infusions were characterised based on total flavonoids, total polyphenols and antioxida ...
Arabidopsis; DNA methylation; DNA methyltransferase; adenosine; allantoin; artificial selection; caffeine; catabolism; chromosomes; epigenetics; epigenome; genes; guanine; nitrogen; phylogeny; rice; stress tolerance; tea; urea; ureides; water stress; xanthine
Abstract:
... Drought stress in plants causes differential expression of numerous genes. One of these differentially expressed genes in rice is a specific amidohydrolase. We characterized this amidohydrolase gene on the rice chromosome 12 as the first plant guanine deaminase (OsGDA1). The biochemical activity of GDA is known from tea and coffee plants where its catalytic product, xanthine, is the precursor for ...
... Accurate, sensitive and selective detection of metabolic biomarkers in biofluids are of vital significance for health self-monitoring and chronic disease prevention. Here, for the first time, a smart dual-responsive nanozyme sensor (DNS) was developed for simultaneous analysis of glucose and caffeine utilizing stimuli-responsive yolk–shell gold nanoparticles (GNPs)-embedded MIL-53 (Al) (GNPs@MIL-5 ...
... Neonicotinoid pesticides in the nectar and pollen of managed crops and wildflowers contribute to the global declines of bees. These chemicals can have detrimental effects on bees' physiology, behaviour and reproduction. Floral nectar also contains secondary chemistry with its own effects on bee health. How nectar secondary chemistry may act additively or synergistically with neonicotinoids is unkn ...
... Two compositions of graphene oxide-magnetite nanocomposites were studied as catalysts in the heterogeneous Fenton process. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed that the graphene oxide sheets were covered with nanoparticles of magnetite, with an average crystallite size of 7 nm. Infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that the phases interacted through covalent Fe-O-C bo ...
... In this study, the occurrence of 12 organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), 64 pesticides, 21 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and 34 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in surface water, sediments and vegetation collected from seven locations along the South Riyadh and six locations along the Al-Jubail industrial city (Saudi Arabia) were reported. The median of the concentratio ...
... Blood pressure alteration after taking caffeinated beverages is controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence on the relation between short time caffeinated beverages consumption and blood pressure from randomized controlled trials. PubMed and Web of Science were systematically searched. Ultimately 11 articles and 470 enrolled subjects were included in the present meta-ana ...
... The activity monitoring of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the screening of its inhibitors are critical for the diagnosis and therapy of neurological diseases. Herein, CeO₂-Co(OH)₂ nanosheets were synthesized for the first time in a newly designed deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of l-proline and Ce(NO₃)₃·6H₂O, and a colorimetric assay was developed for quantitative detection of AChE and anti- ...
aesthetics; body weight changes; caffeine; carbohydrate intake; creatine; diet; energy intake; lean body mass; protein intake; strength training; weight loss
Abstract:
... Managing the body composition of athletes is a common practice in the field of sports nutrition. The loss of body weight (BW) in resistance-trained athletes is mainly conducted for aesthetic reasons (bodybuilding) or performance (powerlifting or weightlifting). The aim of this review is to provide dietary–nutritional strategies for the loss of fat mass in resistance-trained athletes. During the we ...
... This study investigated low-dose caffeine ingestion, conditioning activity (CA) effects on psycho-physical performances in young taekwondo athletes. In a randomized, double-blind, counterbalanced, crossover design, 20 athletes (10 males; 17.5 ± 0.7 yrs) performed taekwondo-specific agility test (TSAT), 10 s/multiple frequency speed of kick test (FSKT-10s/FSKT-mult) after ingesting 3 mg·kg⁻¹ caffei ...
Nayra Figueiredo; Marcela Queiroz; Fernanda P. Felício; Jéssica Ferreira; Jose Gerosa-Neto; João F. Mota; Christielly R. da Silva; Paulo C. Ghedini; Bryan Saunders; Gustavo D. Pimentel
... This study assessed whether caffeine mouth rinsing affects 10-km run performance and vertical jump in recreational runners. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study was conducted. Ten well-trained volunteers performed two trials, following caffeine or placebo mouth rinse, separated by seven days. Immediately before the 10-km run, a 10-second mouth rinse with either 300 mg of caffeine (1 ...
body weight; caffeine; exercise; ingestion; nutrition; placebos
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two different doses of caffeine (3 and 6 mg/kg) to enhance bar velocity during the bench press in women habituated to caffeine. METHODS: Twelve recreationally trained women (age: 23.3 ± 0.8 years, body mass: 60.7 ± 5.7 kg, bench press one-repetition maximum (1RM): 44.3 ± 7.8 kg, daily caffeine ingestion: 5.7 ± 2.0 mg/kg/day) ...
COVID-19 infection; age; alcohol drinking; behavior change; caffeine; fruits; gender; healthy diet; lean meat; metabolism; population; processed meat; raw fruit; red meat; spring; supply; vegetable consumption; weight loss
Abstract:
... Food preferences are often modified in populations during stressful, unanticipated events. We examined how a U.S. population's food choices changed during the beginning of the COVID-19 stay-at-home orders, specifically during the spring of 2020.Daily dietary intake data from a digital behavior change weight loss program, which includes an interface for logging meals, beverages, and snacks, were an ...
... Spent tea leaves (STL) are generated after the extraction of liquor from processed tea leaves and are regarded as an underutilized waste. STL are rich in essential amino acids, ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids, alkaloids (theobromine and caffeine), polyphenols (catechin, theaflavins and rutin) and minerals (Ca, P, K, Mg, Mn) that could be utilized for the production of industrially important products. Verm ...
Oriental traditional medicine; blood sampling; caffeine; caudal vein; cytochrome P-450; diethylnitrosamine; drug therapy; enzymes; hepatoma; liver; metabolism; tandem mass spectrometry; tolbutamide; ultra-performance liquid chromatography
Abstract:
... Aidi injection (ADI), a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, is widely used in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of various malignant tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Studies have shown that changes in cytochrome P450 (CYP450) activity in disease states would affect the metabolism of drugs in vivo, especially liver diseases. However, the changes of Aidi injection ...
... Nonconventional wastewater treatments, such as vegetation filters (VFs), are propitious systems to attenuate contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in small municipalities. The development of standardised multiresidue and multimatrix methods suitable for measuring a reliable number of CEC in environmental samples is crucial for monitoring infiltrating concentrations and for ensuring these systems ...
... This pioneering work reports successful androgenic plant development via embryogenesis from microspore calluses in anther cultures and estimation of bioactive metabolites in in vitro regenerants and parent plant (control) of Cambod tea, Camellia assamica ssp. lasiocalyx (Planch MS) cultivar TV19. Anthers bearing microspores at early-to-late uni-nucleate stage were selected to initiate androgenesis ...