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1. Phosphate Fixation in Soils—A Critical Review

Author:
A. R. Midgley
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1941 v.5 no.C pp. 24-30
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
B horizons; acid soils; adsorption; alkaline soils; alkalinity; aluminum; aluminum oxide; anions; apatite; calcareous soils; calcium; chemical precipitation; citrates; citric acid; colloids; crystal structure; fertilizers; films (materials); fluorine; iron; iron oxides; iron phosphates; kaolinite; laterites; oxalates; sodium silicate; soil solution; soluble phosphates; superphosphate; tricalcium phosphate; water solubility
Abstract:
... Discussion and SummaryWhen phosphates are applied to soils they readily change to less soluble forms, the availability of which varies greatly depending upon the degree of fixation. It is difficult to distinguish between fixation by adsorption and chemical precipitation, especially in view of recent results obtained by Stout (26). He reports that the crystal structure of kaolinite changed to a new ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1941.036159950005000C0004x

2. Properties of Intergradient Chlorite-Expansible Layer Silicates of Soils

Author:
J. B. Dixon; M. L. Jackson
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1962 v.26 no.4 pp. 358-362
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aluminum; aluminum oxide; cation exchange capacity; citrates; clay; clay fraction; fluorides; heat stability; iron; silicates; silicon; temperature
Abstract:
... Clay fractions of soils which contain intergrades of chlorite-expansible 2:1 layer silicates from three states were studied. The citrate, fluoride, and 400° and 500°C. dehyroxylation-NaOH methods of removing the interlayer materials were compared. The latter method removed more interlayer material than either of the other two methods as indicated by greater collapse of potassium-saturated samples ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1962.03615995002600040016x

3. Use of Amorphous Material to Identify Spodic Horizons

Author:
D. P. Franzmeier; B. F. Hajek; C. H. Simonson
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1965 v.29 no.6 pp. 737-743
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
B horizons; Podzols; aluminum; cation exchange capacity; citrates; coatings; diagnostic horizons; dithionite; heat; heat treatment; iron; pellets; reducing agents; spodic horizons; total organic carbon; New York
Abstract:
... The illuvial amorphous material that occurs as pellets or grain coatings in the B horizons of some New York Podzols contains much carbon, iron, and aluminum. This amorphous material has high cation-exchange capacity (CEC) that can be destroyed by heat treatment or extraction with solutions of a complexing agent (citrate or pyrophosphate) combined with a reducing agent (dithionite). Most of the car ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1965.03615995002900060038x

4. Determination of Silica in Citrate-Bicarbonate-Dithionite Extracts of Soils

Author:
R. M. Weaver; J. K. Syers; M. L. Jackson
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1968 v.32 no.4 pp. 497-501
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
absorbance; aluminum; aluminum oxide; citrates; dithionite; drainage; ferric oxide; iron; molybdates; montmorillonite; silica; silicic acid; silicon; soil; soil parent materials; tartaric acid; water solubility
Abstract:
... A procedure was developed for the determination of Si directly in citrate-dithionite extracts of soils. The procedure, which provides for noninterference by citrate, dithionite, Fe, and P was developed for measurement of the absorbance of the reduced β-molybdosilicic acid in the working range of 5 to 25 µg of Si in 50 ml. Interference by unoxidized dithionite was eliminated by bubbling air through ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1968.03615995003200040023x

5. Fractionation of Inorganic Phosphate in Calcareous Lake Sediments

Author:
J. D. H. Williams; J. K. Syers; R. F. Harris; D. E. Armstrong
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1971 v.35 no.2 pp. 250-255
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aluminum; calcareous soils; calcium; calcium carbonate; citrates; fluorides; fractionation; hydrochloric acid; inorganic phosphorus; iron; iron oxides; lakes; orthophosphates; sediments; sodium hydroxide; Wisconsin
Abstract:
... Inorganic orthophosphate (inorganic P) added with NH₄F reagent to calcareous Wisconsin lake sediments was recovered in the NH₄F (0–32%), citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate (18–23%), and first HCl (38–63%) reagents of an inorganic P fractionation scheme. Calcium fluoride, formed during NH₄F extraction of calcareous materials, sorbed inorganic P, presumably resulting in the formation of a CaF₂-orthophos ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1971.03615995003500020023x

6. Layer Charge Decrease by Tetrahedral Cation Removal and Silicon Incorporation during Natural Weathering of Phlogopite to Saponite

Author:
K. Sridhar; M. L. Jackson
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1974 v.38 no.5 pp. 847-851
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aluminum; cations; chelation; citrates; crystallization; iron; magnesium; mica; oxidation; potassium; silicon; vermiculite; weathering; Kansas; Ontario
Abstract:
... A substantial layer charge decrease, from 210 to 140 meq/100 g, occurred during the natural weathering of phlogopite through vermiculite to saponite in Kansas. A comparison of the Fe²⁺ content and layer charge of the coarse fraction (72% phlogopite) and the fine fraction (71% saponite) indicated that iron oxidation cannot account for the layer charge decrease during the transformation. Control stu ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1974.03615995003800050041x

7. Influence of Citric Acid on the Hydrolytic Reactions of Aluminum

Author:
K. F. Ng Kee Kwong; P. M. Huang
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1977 v.41 no.4 pp. 692-697
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; acidity; aluminum; citrates; citric acid; crystals; gibbsite; hydrolysis; ions; soil; soil formation; thermal analysis
Abstract:
... Hydrolytic reactions of Al were studied at the initial Al concentrations of 1.10 × 10⁻⁴M and 1.10 × 10⁻³M and at varying degrees of hydrolysis as influenced by the presence of 1.0 × 10⁻⁶M and 1.0 × 10⁻⁴M citric acid. The effect of citric acid on the formation of the readily extractable Al and moderately extractable Al by the 8-quinolinolate method varied with the initial concentrations of Al and c ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1977.03615995004100040014x

8. Origin of the Effects of Citrate, Tartrate, and Acetate on Phosphate Sorption by Soils and Synthetic Gels

Author:
K. D. Earl; J. K. Syers; J. R. McLaughlin
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1979 v.43 no.4 pp. 674-678
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
acetates; aluminum; anions; citrates; gels; iron; phosphates; soil; sorbents; sorption; sorption isotherms
Abstract:
... The ability of two contrasting soils and synthetic Fe and Al gels to sorb inorganic phosphate (P) in the presence of three commonly-occurring organic anions was evaluated using sorption isotherms. At 10⁻³M, citrate was markedly effective in reducing P sorption (50% reduction), tartrate was only moderately effective (20% reduction), whereas acetate had little or no effect (1% reduction) at a final ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1979.03615995004300040009x

9. Adsorption of Cadmium on Soil Constituents in the Presence of Complexing Ligands

Author:
R. G. Chubin; J. J. Street
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1981 v.10 no.2 pp. 225-228
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
EDTA (chelating agent); adsorbents; adsorption; aluminum; aluminum hydroxide; cadmium; citrates; ferric hydroxide; iron; kaolinite; ligands; montmorillonite; organic soils; pH; sewage sludge; silicates; water solubility
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of natural and synthetic complexing agents on Cd²⁺ adsorption characteristics of metal hydroxides and silicate clay minerals. The solution pH at which 50% of the initial solution Cd²⁺ was adsorbed was 5.40, 7.00, 7.80, and 8.30 for Al(OH)₃, Fe(OH)₃, montmorillonite, and kaolinite, respectively. The presence of citrate (C₆H₅O₇³⁻) depressed Cd a ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1981.00472425001000020021x

10. Separating Soil Iron- and Manganese-Oxide Fractions for Microelement Analysis

Author:
L. M. Shuman
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1982 v.46 no.5 pp. 1099-1102
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
acetic acid; aluminum; ammonium compounds; ascorbic acid; citrates; copper; dithionite; fractionation; iron; iron oxides; manganese; manganese monoxide; oxalates; pH; sodium; soil; solubilization; zinc
Abstract:
... Since sodium dithionite (Na₂S₂O₄) is often contaminated with zinc (Zn) and can form metal sulfide precipitates, it is not suitable for solubilizing iron (Fe) oxides in fractionation schemes for soil microelements. The objective was to find an alternate method to solubilize crystalline Fe oxides that would fit into a scheme including extractants for amorphous Fe and manganese (Mn) oxides. Three soi ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1982.03615995004600050044x

11. Coastal Plain Soils of Southeastern Nigeria: II. Forms of Extractable Iron, Aluminum, and Phosphorus

Author:
G. Lekwa; E. P. Whiteside
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1986 v.50 no.1 pp. 160-166
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Aquods; aluminum; aluminum oxide; ammonium oxalate; citrates; clay fraction; coastal plain soils; coastal plains; dithionite; ferric oxide; inorganic phosphorus; iron; water holding capacity; Nigeria
Abstract:
... The distribution of citrate dithionite and ammonium-oxalate extractable Fe₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ were determined in nine Coastal Plain pedons of southeastern Nigeria. Distribution of available, organic, and active inorganic forms of P, plus the P fixation and available water holding capacities of these soils were also studied. The dithionite extractable Fe₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ generally increased with depth and cl ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1986.03615995005000010030x

12. Effects of Ionic Strength, Calcium, and Citrate on Orthophosphate Solubility in an Acidic, Montmorillonitic Soil

Author:
Samuel J. Traina; Garrison Sposito; Dean Hesterberg; U. Kafkafi
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1986 v.50 no.3 pp. 623-627
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aluminum; calcium; citrates; citric acid; exchangeable aluminum; ionic strength; metal ions; montmorillonitic soils; orthophosphates; pH; sodium; sodium chloride; soil solution; solubility
Abstract:
... A recent study by the authors of the effects of pH and organic acids on residual orthophosphate solubility in an acidic, montmorillonitic soil (Typic Chromoxererts) was extended to include variations of ionic strength (NaCl background) and Ca²⁺ concentration at fixed ionic strength. The objective of the experiments was to elucidate further the mechanism of orthophosphate solubility in a montmorill ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1986.03615995005000030016x

13. Effects of pH and Organic Acids on Orthophosphate Solubility in an Acidic, Montmorillonitic Soil

Author:
Samuel J. Traina; Garrison Sposito; Dean Hesterberg; U. Kafkafi
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1986 v.50 no.1 pp. 45-52
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aluminum; aluminum phosphate; aqueous solutions; citrates; citric acid; exchangeable aluminum; formates; formic acid; hydrolysis; ligands; montmorillonitic soils; orthophosphates; pH; polymers; sodium chloride; solubility
Abstract:
... The effects of pH and organic acid addition on residual orthophosphate (o-phosphate) solubility in an acidic, montmorillonitic soil separate suspended in 20 mol NaCl m⁻³ were investigated. In the absence of added organic acid, the solubility of residual o-phosphate in the soil decreased as the pH value was increased from 4 to 7. With o-phosphate additions that resulted in low aqueous-solution o-ph ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1986.03615995005000010009x

14. Influence of Organic Anions on the Speciation of Mononuclear and Polynuclear Aluminum by Ferron

Author:
P. M. Jardine; L. W. Zelazny
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1987 v.51 no.4 pp. 885-889
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aluminum; anions; citrates; equations; formates; ligands; malates; models; neutralization; oxalates; polymers; succinic acid
Abstract:
... The kinetic reactions of ferron (8-hydroxy-7-iodo-5-quinoline-sulfonic acid) with unneutralized and partially neutralized Al solutions in the presence of various organic anions were investigated with the intent of distinguishing mononuclear and polynuclear Al. Mononuclear Al solutions containing malate, glutarate, succinate, salicylate, formate, malonate, and fulvate with ligand/Al molar ratios ra ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1987.03615995005100040008x

15. Kinetic Study of Citrate Effects on Orthophosphate Solubility in an Acidic, Montmorillonitic Soil

Author:
Samuel J. Traina; Garrison Sposito; Gordon R. Bradford; U. Kafkafi
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1987 v.51 no.6 pp. 1483-1487
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
acid soils; aluminum; calcium; citrates; citric acid; exchangeable aluminum; ionic strength; ligands; montmorillonitic soils; orthophosphates; pH; silicon; sodium chloride; solubility; sorption
Abstract:
... Previous studies by the authors on the effects of pH, organic acids, ionic strength, and Ca on residual orthophosphate solubility in an acidic montmorillonitic soil (Typic Chromoxererts) were extended to include the variation of reaction time. The objective of the experiments was to determine the time dependence of the reactions and to elucidate further the mechanism of orthophosphate solubility i ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1987.03615995005100060015x

16. Dynamics of Aluminum Complexation in Multiple Ligand Systems

Author:
Michael A. Anderson; Paul M. Bertsch
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1988 v.52 no.6 pp. 1597-1602
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aluminum; aqueous solutions; biogeochemistry; chromatography; citrates; ecology; fluorides; ligands; oxalates; soil; thermodynamics; toxicity; Savannah River
Abstract:
... The role of complexing ligands in attenuating aluminum (Al) toxicity and in influencing Al transport in soils and waters has been recognized for some time though the kinetics of such complexation reactions within complicated multi-ligand aqueous solutions have not been previously evaluated. As a result, this study was undertaken to examine the dynamics of Al complexation in the presence of multipl ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200060015x

17. Phosphorus Adsorption by Kaolinite and Montmorillonite: II. Organic Anion Competition

Author:
U. Kafkafi; B. Bar-Yosef; Rivka Rosenberg; G. Sposito
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1988 v.52 no.6 pp. 1585-1589
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
acetates; aluminum; anions; bicarbonates; citrates; clay; desorption; hydrogen bonding; ionic strength; isobutyric acid; kaolinite; montmorillonite; oxalates; phenylalanine; phosphates; phosphorus; root exudates; roots; slurries; soil
Abstract:
... The mechanisms by which roots affect the release of phosphate from soil surfaces into the solution is not clear. This study was undertaken to investigate the competition of several agents, reported as root exudates, with P on adsorption sites on kaolinite and montmorillonite. The agents studied were acetate, bicarbonate, citrate and oxalate, and the amino acids phenylalanine and alpha-amino isobut ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200060012x

18. Influence of Oxidation Treatments on Surface Properties and Reactivities of Short-Range Ordered Precipitation Products of Aluminum

Author:
A. Violante; P. M. Huang
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1989 v.53 no.5 pp. 1402-1407
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
X-radiation; adsorption; aluminum; aspartic acid; citrates; coprecipitation; engineering; hydrogen peroxide; ligands; oxidation; sodium hypochlorite; soil science; Italy; Saskatchewan
Abstract:
... Organic C contents, specific surface and P adsorption of pseu-doboehmites or x-ray noncrystalline precipitation products of Al formed in the presence of various organic ligands (citric, tartaric, tannic or aspartic acid) and Cl were studied before and after oxidation treatment of NaOCl or H₂O₂. Contents of residual C after NaOCl or H₂O₂ treatment ranged from 22 to 60% and from 55 to 90% of the ori ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300050016x

19. Nature and Charge Properties of X-Ray Noncrystalline Aluminosilicates as Affected by Citric Acid

Author:
G. Lou; P. M. Huang
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1989 v.53 no.4 pp. 1287-1293
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
X-radiation; absorption; aluminum; aluminum chloride; aluminum silicates; citrates; citric acid; ions; ligands; silicon; soil; Saskatchewan
Abstract:
... The surface charge properties of x-ray noncrystalline aluminosilicates in relation to their structural distortion by citric acid during their formation were investigated. The precipitates formed from solutions containing monomeric orthosilicic acid and AlCl₃ (Si/Al molar ratio 0.5 and OH/Al molar ratio 2.0) in the presence of citric acid (citrate/Al molar ratios of 0.02 and 0.025) exhibit an IR ab ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300040049x

20. The chemical speciation of aluminium in milk

Author:
J. Andrew Findlow; John R. Duffield; David R. Williams
Source:
Chemical speciation and bioavailability 1990 v.2 no.1 pp. 3-32
ISSN:
0954-2299
Subject:
aluminum; atomic absorption spectrometry; chemical analysis; chemical speciation; citrates; computer software; databases; food analysis; intestines; milk; models; phosphates; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... The chemical speciation of milks containing trace levels of aluminium defies experimental analysis because of the extremely low concentrations and labile equilibria present. Nevertheless, atomic absorption spectrophotometry data in combination with precisely determined formation constants have been used to construct speciation models simulated using the ECCLES computer program and the Cardiff ther ...
DOI:
10.1080/09542299.1990.11083122

21. Availability of Phosphorus in the Water-Insoluble Fraction of Monoammonium Phosphate Fertilizers

Author:
J. M. Bartos; G. L. Mullins; F. J. Sikora; J. P. Copeland
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1991 v.55 no.2 pp. 539-543
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Sorghum bicolor subsp. drummondii; acidification; aluminum; ammonium; citrates; diammonium phosphate; forage yield; greenhouse experimentation; iron; magnesium; minerals; phosphorus; phosphorus fertilizers; potassium; rock phosphate; sludge; soluble phosphorus; washing; water solubility; Florida; Idaho; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Declining reserves of premium-grade phosphate rock (PR) have resulted in a reliance on lower grade ore to met the needs for phosphate fertilizer production. Elemental impurities, primarily Fe, Al, Mg, and K, are released from closely associated accessory minerals during acidulation of PR. These impurities result in the formation of sludge compounds in the wet-process acid, and in impurity compound ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1991.03615995005500020042x

22. Chemical speciation of aluminium in blood plasma with reference to silica

Author:
R.A. Vobe; D.R. Williams
Source:
Chemical speciation and bioavailability 1992 v.4 no.3 pp. 85-87
ISSN:
0954-2299
Subject:
aluminum; blood plasma; chemical speciation; citrates; computer simulation; intestines; ions; molecular weight; phosphates; silica; silicates
Abstract:
... When viewed solely from an equilibrium viewpoint, computer models show that it is impossible for significant quantities of aluminium and silicate ions to co-exist as low molecular mass complexes in the presence of citrate and phosphate in intestinal and blood plasma fluids. ...
DOI:
10.1080/09542299.1992.11083184

23. Tissue aluminum accumulation and toxic consequences in rats chronically fed aluminum with and without citrate

Author:
Ecelbarger, C.A.; MacNeil, G.G.; Greger, J.L.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1994 v.42 no.10 pp. 2220-2224
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
aluminum; toxicity; citrates; animal tissues; urine; rats
Abstract:
... Tissue aluminum accumulation and the potential toxic sequelae in rats fed moderate amounts of aluminum (approximately 40 micromole of Al/g of diet) without citrate (Al diet) and with supplemental citrate (208 micromole of citrate/g of diet) (Al-Cit diet) for 6-7 months were examined. Rats fed the Al diet accumulated more aluminum in tibias and kidneys and rats fed the Al-Cit diet accumulated more ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00046a027

24. Chemical speciation of aluminium in beers

Author:
F.R. Sharpe; R.A. Vobe; D.R. Williams
Source:
Chemical speciation and bioavailability 1995 v.7 no.2 pp. 49-55
ISSN:
0954-2299
Subject:
aluminum; aluminum phosphate; beers; bioavailability; blood; chemical speciation; citrates; databases; excretion; intestinal secretions; kidneys; saliva; silica; solubility
Abstract:
... Details of analyses of a range of lagers for aluminium and for silica are presented. These permit an estimation of the total levels of aluminium as beer is diluted by saliva and intestinal fluids. These data are combined with databases of formation constants and solubility products and the MINEIR speciation program to calculate the chemical speciation of aluminium from beer through to excretion. B ...
DOI:
10.1080/09542299.1995.11083242

25. The lack of influence of long-term potassium citrate and calcium citrate treatment in total body aluminum burden in patients with functioning kidneys

Author:
Sakhaee, K.; Ruml, L.; Padalino, P.; Haynes, S.; Pak, C.Y.C.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 1996 v.15 no.1 pp. 102-106
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
diet; potassium; calcium; citrates; aluminum; kidneys; absorption; blood serum; urine; toxicity; men; women
Abstract:
... Background: It has been suggested that citrate salts might enhance aluminum (Al) absorption from a normal diet, posing a threat of Al toxicity even in subjects with normal renal function. We have recently reported that in normal subjects and patients with moderate renal failure, short-term treatment with tricalcium dicitrate (Ca3Cit2) does not significantly change urinary and serum Al levels. Howe ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.1996.10718572
PubMed:
8632109

26. Citrate-Ascorbate as a Highly Selective Extractant for Poorly Crystalline Iron Oxides

Author:
I. Reyes; J. Torrent
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1997 v.61 no.6 pp. 1647-1654
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
allophane; aluminum; ascorbic acid; citrates; ferrihydrite; goethite; hematite; hydroxylamine; imogolite; iron; magnetite; oxalates; soil
Abstract:
... Existing methods for dissolving poorly crytalline Fe oxides (primarily ferrihydrite) in soils and mineral mixtures are simple and rapid but often lack selectivity. In this work, we tested a more selective, alternative ascorbate-based extractant. Ascorbate combined with citrate was found to be highly effective in dissolving poorly crystalline Fe oxides while dissolving little goethite and hematite. ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1997.03615995006100060015x

27. Effects of metals on the microbial mineralization of organic acids

Author:
LENA BRYNHILDSEN; THOMAS ROSSWALL
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 1997 v.94 no.1-2 pp. 45-57
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
aluminum; chemical speciation; citrates; citric acid; cobalt; copper; extracts; histidine; isotope labeling; microorganisms; mineralization; mixed culture; soil; zinc
Abstract:
... The effects of chemical speciation on mineralization of organic compounds was studied using citric acid as a model substance. The degradation of ¹⁴C-labeled Al-, Co-, Cu-, and Zn-citrate was followed in chemically well-defined media inoculated with mixed cultures of microorganisms (soil extracts from two soils). The degradation of citrate was completely inhibited when the acid was bound to Zn, Cu, ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF02407092

28. The Effect of Acidification and Chelating Agents on the Solubilization of Uranium from Contaminated Soil

Author:
Stephen D. Ebbs; Wendell A. Norvell; Leon V. Kochian
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1998 v.27 no.6 pp. 1486-1494
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
acidification; aluminum; chelating agents; citrates; citric acid; iron; phytoremediation; polluted soils; soil acidification; soil pH; solubility; solubilization; uranium
Abstract:
... The role of acidification and chelating agents in the solubilization of uranium (U) from contaminated soil was examined in a series of experiments. Soil acidification and the addition of chelating agents were the two methods compared initially. The results indicated that the addition of citric acid solubilized more U than acidification or the other amendments tested. This increase in U solubility ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1998.00472425002700060027x

29. Interaction of Carbonate and Organic Anions with Sulfate and Selenate Adsorption on an Aluminum Oxide

Author:
H. Wijnja; C. P. Schulthess
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.3 pp. 898-908
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; acetates; adsorption; aluminum; aluminum oxide; carbonates; citrates; electrophoresis; formates; oxalates; oxyanions; pH; selenates; soil; soil minerals; solutes; spectral analysis; sulfates
Abstract:
... The presence of anionic cosolutes often influences anion adsorption on soil mineral surfaces. The possible effect of common solutes, such as CO₃ species, on the adsorption of other anions on metal (hydr)oxides is poorly understood. Accordingly, we determined the effect of CO₃, formate, acetate, oxalate, and citrate on the adsorption of SO₄ and SeO₄ on Al oxide. Carbonate markedly promotes the adso ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.643898x

30. Surface-Induced Nickel Hydroxide Precipitation in the Presence of Citrate and Salicylate

Author:
Noriko U. Yamaguchi; Andreas C. Scheinost; Donald L. Sparks
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2001 v.65 no.3 pp. 729-736
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aluminum; aluminum hydroxide; citrates; gibbsite; ligands; nickel; reflectance spectroscopy; soil; solubility; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... Formation of surface-induced precipitates may play an important role in the immobilization of Ni and other metals in nonacidic soils. To investigate the influence of commonly present organic ligands on precipitate formation, we monitored the uptake of Ni by gibbsite and pyrophyllite in the presence of citrate and salicylate for 4 wk and identified the Ni hydroxide precipitates with diffuse reflect ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2001.653729x

31. Gastrointestinal Absorption of Aluminum from Teas in Rats

Author:
Fujii, W.; Kusumoto, A.; Nakada, T.; Suwa, Y.
Source:
Journal of food science 2002 v.67 no.7 pp. 2552-2554
ISSN:
0022-1147
Subject:
aluminum; black tea; citrates; gastrointestinal system; green tea; intestinal absorption; oral administration; rats
Abstract:
... Gastrointestinal absorption of aluminum (Al) contained in black tea, green tea, and oolong tea compared with that of Al citrate was investigated using Wistar rats. The serum Al level in the rats administered orally with Al citrate increased by 7.9 times that of the basal level. In contrast, the administration of teas, at the equivalent dose of Al, increased only slightly the serum Al level (30 to ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb08775.x

32. Genetic control of root exudation

Author:
Rengel, Z.
Source:
Plant and soil 2002 v.245 no.1 pp. 59-70
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
chemical composition; citrates; quantitative analysis; phytotoxicity; enzymes; nutrient deficiencies; siderophores; root exudates; aluminum; genotype; plasma membrane; genetic variation; qualitative analysis

33. Phosphorus Retention in Soils From A Prospective Constructed Wetland Site: Environmental Implications 1

Author:
Pant, H.K.; Reddy, K.R.; Spechler, R.M.
Source:
Soil science 2002 v.167 no.9 pp. 607-615
ISSN:
0038-075X
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; aluminum; anaerobic conditions; aquifers; basins; citrates; constructed wetlands; dithionite; high water table; iron; phosphorus; pollution load; prediction; smectite; soil horizons; soil sampling; sorption; stormwater management; surface water; Florida
Abstract:
... The phosphorus (P) retention characteristics of soil layers are critical for predicting the effectiveness of a constructed wetland, built in high water table soils, in reducing P transport to the receiving water body. Soil samples were collected from surface and subsurface horizons for P sorption and mineralogical studies directed to the assessment of a proposed site for stormwater treatment area ...
DOI:
10.1097/00010694-200209000-00005

34. Effect of aluminium supply on aluminium uptake, translocation and blueing of Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. cultivars in a peatclay substrate

Author:
A. Naumann; W. J. Horst
Source:
Journal of horticultural science & biotechnology 2003 v.78 no.4 pp. 463-469
ISSN:
2380-4084
Subject:
Hydrangea macrophylla; aluminum; anthocyanins; biotechnology; citrates; color; cultivars; horticulture; malates; pH; sap; xylem
Abstract:
... The aluminium (Al) accumulator Hydrangea macrophylla (H. m.) is extremely Al-resistant compared with other plant species. Sufficient transport of Al into the flowers is essential to achieve the desired colour change from original pink to blue by complexation of the anthocyanin delphinidine with Al. To overcome wide-spread difficulties in producing blue H. m., an improved understanding of the relat ...
DOI:
10.1080/14620316.2003.11511651

35. Iron (Hydr)Oxide Crystallinity Effects on Soil Aggregation

Author:
Sjoerd W. Duiker; Fred E. Rhoton; José Torrent; Neil E. Smeck; Rattan Lal
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 606-611
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
A horizons; B horizons; aggregate stability; aluminum; ammonium oxalate; bicarbonates; citrates; clay; crystal structure; exchangeable cations; iron; linear models; particle size distribution; silicon; soil aggregates; soil aggregation; soil organic carbon; soil sampling
Abstract:
... Differences in crystallinity may explain why total Fe (hydr)oxide content has a variable effect on aggregate stability. Therefore, surface soil samples with a range of poorly crystalline Fe (hydr)oxide contents were characterized for water-stable aggregates >0.25 mm (WSA), mean-weighted diameter (MWD), soil organic C (OC), particle-size distribution, pH, exchangeable cations, citrate/bicarbonate/d ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.6060

36. Citrate secretion induced by aluminum stress may not be a key mechanism responsible for differential aluminum tolernace of some soybean genotypes

Author:
Nian, H.; Yang, Z.; Huang, H.; Yan, X.; Matsumoto, H.
Source:
Journal of plant nutrition 2004 v.27 no.11 pp. 2047-2066
ISSN:
0190-4167
Subject:
aluminum; cadmium; citrates; copper; exudation; genotype; malates; root growth; roots; secretion; soybeans; Brazil
Abstract:
... Eighteen soybean genotypes differing in aluminum (Al) tolerance were used to investigate genotypic differences in Al-induced citrate exudation and its role in Al tolerance. Aluminum accumulation and localization in soybean roots were examined by analysis of total Al and hematoxylin staining. Soybean genotypes exhibited a wide range of Al tolerance. Based on relative root elongation, several Al-tol ...
DOI:
10.1081/PLN-200030112

37. Combined effect of short-term water deficit stress and aluminum toxicity on citrate secretion from soybean roots

Author:
Nian, H.; Yang, Z.M.; Huang, H.; Xan, X.L.; Matsumoto, H.
Source:
Journal of plant nutrition 2004 v.27 no.7 pp. 1281-1293
ISSN:
0190-4167
Subject:
abscisic acid; aluminum; calcium; calcium chloride; citrates; exudation; genotype; hydroponics; photosynthesis; root growth; root systems; roots; secretion; shoots; soil; soybeans; toxicity; water stress
Abstract:
... In order to investigate the combined effect of drought stress and aluminum (Al) toxicity on citrate exudation in soybean, hydroponic cultivation with addition of Al and PEG-6000 was conducted to simulate Al-toxic dry soil. Results showed that 2-day exposure of soybeans to 5.5% (w/v) PEG-6000 or 100 micromolar AlCl3 mainly hindered root growth, while combined exposure to PEG and Al (PEG/Al) reduced ...
DOI:
10.1081/PLN-120038548

38. Dissolution of Phosphate in a Phosphorus-Enriched Ultisol as Affected by Microbial Reduction

Author:
Kimberly J. Hutchison; Dean Hesterberg
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2004 v.33 no.5 pp. 1793-1802
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
Umbraquults; adsorption; aerobic conditions; aluminum; citrates; clay fraction; coastal plains; dissolved organic carbon; glucose; iron; microbial carbon; pH; phosphates; reactive phosphorus; sandy clay loam soils; silt; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Phosphorus dissolution often increases as soils become more reduced, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. The objectives of this research were to determine rates and mechanisms of P dissolution during microbial reduction of a surface soil from the North Carolina Coastal Plain. Duplicate suspensions of silt + clay fractions from a Cape Fear sandy clay loam (fine, mixed, semiactive, thermic ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2004.1793

39. Molecular mapping of a gene responsible for Al-activated secretion of citrate in barley

Author:
Ma, J.F.; Nagao, S.; Sato, K.; Ito, H.; Furukawa, J.; Takeda, K.
Source:
Journal of experimental botany 2004 v.55 no.401 pp. 1335-1341
ISSN:
0022-0957
Subject:
aluminum; barley; Hordeum vulgare; chromosome mapping; citrates; toxicity; metal tolerance; secretion; microsatellite repeats; root growth; growth retardation; quantitative trait loci; cultivars; gene expression; loci; phenotypic variation
Abstract:
... Aluminium (Al) toxicity is an important limitation to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on acid soil. Al-resistant cultivars of barley detoxify Al externally by secreting citrate from the roots. To link the genetics and physiology of Al resistance in barley, genes controlling Al resistance and Al-activated secretion of citrate were mapped. An analysis of Al-induced root growth inhibition from 100 F2 see ...
DOI:
10.1093/jxb/erh152
PubMed:
15155781

40. A rapid non-equilibrium critical precipitation assay to assess aluminium-ligand interactions

Author:
Ravin Jugdaohsingh; Seppidah Afsharrad; Catherine R. McCrohan; Keith N. White; Richard P. H. Thompson; Jonathan J. Powell
Source:
Chemical speciation and bioavailability 2004 v.16 no.3 pp. 87-96
ISSN:
0954-2299
Subject:
aluminum; bicarbonates; citrates; ligands; maltol; models; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pH; screening; stoichiometry
Abstract:
... In many natural situations (e.g. environmental and biological) aqueous metal-ligand interactions occur in complex, dynamic solutions and do not adhere to true equilibrium. Nonetheless, equilibrium-based assays in simple solutions are generally used to model metal-ligand interactions of natural systems. Moreover, these are time consuming and not easily applied or understood by many applied scientis ...
DOI:
10.3184/095422904782775063

41. Effect of low molecular weight organic anions on adsorption by aluminum by variable charge soils

Author:
Xu, R.; Li, J.; Ji, G.
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2005 v.168 no.1-4 pp. 249-265
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
acid soils; soil pollution; soil toxicity; carboxylic acids; molecular weight; anions; adsorption; aluminum; soil pH; iron oxides; citrates; oxalates; acetates; China
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-005-1775-7

42. Gibbsite and Goethite Solubility

Author:
Michael E. Essington; Julia B. Nelson; William L. Holden
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2005 v.69 no.4 pp. 996-1008
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aluminum; aluminum hydroxide; bacteria; bioavailability; byproducts; citrates; ferric hydroxide; gibbsite; goethite; ionic strength; iron; ligands; metal ions; pH; rhizosphere; soil; soil nutrients; solubility; temperature
Abstract:
... 2-Ketogluconate (kG) is a microbial byproduct that has been isolated from the rhizosphere of several plants and has been found to accumulate around bacteria adhering to rock surfaces. It has long been suspected that kG may play a role in enhancing the bioavailability of soil nutrients. However, quantitative information relevant to its behavior in soils, its reactions with mineral surfaces, and its ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2004.0287

43. The beneficial effect of aluminium and the role of citrate in Al accumulation in Melastoma malabathricum

Author:
Toshihiro Watanabe; Steven Jansen; Mitsuru Osaki
Source:
new phytologist 2005 v.165 no.3 pp. 773-780
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Hordeum vulgare; Melastoma malabathricum; aluminum; apoplast; barley; calcium; citrates; nutrient solutions; root growth
Abstract:
... • Here we investigated the beneficial effect of aluminium (Al) on the development of the Al accumulating plant Melastoma malabathricum. • Seedlings of M. malabathricum were cultivated in a nutrient solution containing 0.5 mm Al and compared with barley (Hordeum vulgare). In addition, roots of M. malabathricum were divided into one part growing in a nutrient solution, and the other part growing in ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01261.x

44. Citrate-release-mediated aluminum resistance is coupled to the inducible expression of mitochondrial citrate synthase gene in Paraserianthes falcataria

Author:
Osawa, H.; Kojima, K.
Source:
Tree physiology 2006 v.26 no.5 pp. 565-574
ISSN:
0829-318X
Subject:
Falcataria moluccana; Acacia mangium; Leucaena leucocephala; forest trees; roots; aluminum; phytotoxicity; stress tolerance; citrates; metabolism; mitochondria; citrate (si)-synthase; enzyme activity; genetic resistance; gene expression; Australia; Guatemala; Indonesia
Abstract:
... Aluminum (Al) resistance in some leguminous plants is achieved by enhanced citrate release from roots. Enhancement requires several hours for complete activation and is postulated to involve Al-responsive genes or components. We examined the mechanism of Al-induced citrate release by studying the relationship between citrate release and expression of the mitochondrial citrate synthase (mCS) gene i ...
DOI:
10.1093/treephys/26.5.565
PubMed:
16452070

45. Heterogeneities in Glaciofluvial Deposits Using an Example from New Hampshire

Author:
Sturgeon, Gordon M.; Davis, J. Matthew; Linder, Ernst; Harter, Robert D.
Source:
Ground water 2006 v.44 no.4 pp. 528-539
ISSN:
0017-467X
Subject:
aluminum; biotite; citrates; coatings; color; glaciofluvial deposits; iron; manganese; oxides; permeability; process control; remediation; scanning electron microscopes; weathering; New Hampshire
Abstract:
... The strong influence of subsurface heterogeneity on contaminant migration and in situ remediation calls for an improved understanding of its origins and more efficient methods of characterization. Accordingly, an outcrop study of physical and chemical heterogeneity was conducted in a glaciofluvial deposit in Deerfield, New Hampshire, in order to uncover processes controlling the spatial variation ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00188.x
PubMed:
16857030

46. Microwave assisted synthesis of nanocrystalline YAG

Author:
B. Vaidhyanathan; J. G. P. Binner
Source:
Journal of materials science 2006 v.41 no.18 pp. 5954-5957
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; aluminum; citrates; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; gels; microwave treatment; nanocrystals; nitrates; temperature; transmission electron microscopy; yttrium
Abstract:
... Using nitrate precursors, a novel microwave assisted citrate gel process for the preparation of nanocrystalline yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) phase has been developed. Synthesis of single phase polycrystalline YAG was achieved at temperatures as low as 600 °C using the microwave methodology whilst conventional approaches currently available require ≥1000 °C. The microwave prepared YAG powder was ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-006-0260-z

47. An Aluminum-Activated Citrate Transporter in Barley

Author:
Furukawa, Jun; Yamaji, Naoki; Wang, Hua; Mitani, Namiki; Murata, Yoshiko; Sato, Kazuhiro; Katsuhara, Maki; Takeda, Kazuyoshi; Ma, Jian Feng
Source:
Plant & cell physiology 2007 v.48 no.8 pp. 1081-1091
ISSN:
0032-0781
Subject:
Hordeum vulgare; Xenopus; aluminum; barley; cell physiology; citrates; crop production; cultivars; electric potential difference; extrusion; fluorescence; genes; heterologous gene expression; malates; microarray technology; onions; oocytes; plasma membrane; root growth; secretion; tobacco; toxic substances
Abstract:
... Soluble ionic aluminum (Al) inhibits root growth and reduces crop production on acid soils. Al-resistant cultivars of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) detoxify Al by secreting citrate from the roots, but the responsible gene has not been identified yet. Here, we identified a gene (HvAACT1) responsible for the Al-activated citrate secretion by fine mapping combined with microarray analysis, using an Al- ...
DOI:
10.1093/pcp/pcm091

48. Citrate exudation from white lupin induced by phosphorus deficiency differs from that induced by aluminum

Author:
B. L. Wang; J. B. Shen; W. H. Zhang; F. S. Zhang; G. Neumann
Source:
new phytologist 2007 v.176 no.3 pp. 581-589
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Lupinus albus; aluminum; citrates; exudation; lanthanum; nutritional status; phosphorus; rhizosphere; root growth; root systems; roots; seedlings; toxicity
Abstract:
... • Both phosphorus (P) deficiency and aluminum (Al) toxicity induce root exudation of carboxylates, but the relationship between these two effects is not fully understood. Here, carboxylate exudation induced by Al in Lupinus albus (white lupin) was characterized and compared with that induced by P deficiency. • Aluminum treatments were applied to whole root systems or selected root zones of plants ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02206.x
PubMed:
17725555

49. Differential Aluminum Resistance and Organic Acid Anions Secretion in Triticale

Author:
Liu, Q.; He, L.S.; Wang, Z.Y.; Cheng, X.Z.; Zheng, S.J.
Source:
Communications in soil science and plant analysis 2007 v.38 no.15-16 pp. 1991-2004
ISSN:
0010-3624
Subject:
cultivars; citrates; ion channels; correlation; genetic resistance; phytotoxicity; anions; aluminum; root growth; triticale; genetic variation; temperature; metal tolerance; roots
Abstract:
... Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack), a hybrid of wheat and rye, shows a high degree of aluminum (Al) tolerance, but variation in Al resistance between cultivars does exist. The mechanisms responsible for differential Al resistance in 10 triticale cultivars were investigated in this study. Triticale roots secreted both malate and citrate in response to Al stress. The amount of organic acid anions ...
DOI:
10.1080/00103620701548589

50. Effect of boron on the expression of aluminium toxicity in Phaseolus vulgaris

Author:
Stass, Angelika; Kotur, Zorica; Horst, Walter J.
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 2007 v.131 no.2 pp. 283-290
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
Acer; Phaseolus vulgaris; aluminum; beans; binding sites; boron; cell walls; citrates; exudation; pectins; root growth; root tips; seedlings; soybeans; toxicity
Abstract:
... The interaction of boron (B) and aluminium (Al) was investigated in 5-day-old seedlings of soybean cv. Maple Arrow. Al treatment inhibited root elongation and callose formation in root tips particularly after 4-h Al treatment. After 10 and 24 h, both parameters indicated increasing recovery from Al stress. B deficiency aggravated Al toxicity compared with B sufficiency. B deficiency did lead to an ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1399-3054.2007.00957.x
PubMed:
18251899