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1. A rapid and inexpensive colour-based sediment tracing method incorporating hydrogen peroxide sample treatment as an alternative to quantitative source fingerprinting for catchment management

Author:
S. Pulley; A.L. Collins
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2022 v.311 pp. 114780
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
color; environmental management; hydrogen peroxide; organic matter; provenance; risk; rivers; scanners; sediment transport; sediments; soil types; suspended sediment; watershed management; watersheds; England
Abstract:
... Accessible sediment provenance information is highly desirable for guiding targeted interventions for reducing excess diffuse agricultural sediment losses to water. Conventional sediment source fingerprinting methods can provide this information, but at high cost, thereby limiting their widespread application for catchment management. The use of sediment colour measured using an office document sc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114780

2. Uptake of microplastics by the snakelocks anemone (Anemonia viridis) is commonplace across environmental conditions

Author:
Georgie Savage; Adam Porter; Stephen D. Simpson
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.836 pp. 155144
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Anthozoa; adhesion; coasts; color; food availability; ingestion; marine environment; microplastics; mucus; risk; water temperature; England
Abstract:
... Microplastics (<1 mm) are ubiquitous in our oceans and widely acknowledged as concerning contaminants due to the multi-faceted threats they exert on marine organisms and ecosystems. Anthozoans, including sea anemones and corals, are particularly at risk of microplastic uptake due to their proximity to the coastline, non-selective feeding mechanisms and sedentary nature. Here, the common snakelocks ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155144

3. Differences in the prevalence of prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes and diagnosed diabetes and associated factors in cohorts of Brazilian and English older adults

Author:
Eilane Souza Marques dos Santos; Roberta de Oliveira Máximo; Fabíola Bof de Andrade; Cesar de Oliveira; Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa; Tiago da Silva Alexandre
Source:
Public health nutrition 2021 v.24 no.13 pp. 4187-4194
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
color; cross-sectional studies; diabetes; health services; hypertension; hypertriglyceridemia; longitudinal studies; nutrition; obesity; public health; sedentary lifestyle; stroke; Brazil; England
Abstract:
... To analyse differences in the prevalence of prediabetes (PD), undiagnosed diabetes (UDD) and diagnosed diabetes (DD) and associated factors between Brazilian and English older adults. Cross-sectional study. England and Brazil. 5301 participants of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing study and 1947 participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging study classified as non-diabetics, PD, ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980020003201

4. Investigation of the surface-application of lactose oxidase to fresh mozzarella cheese as a potential means of inhibiting blue discoloration

Author:
Pablo Torres-Frenzel; Timothy A. DeMarsh; Samuel D. Alcaine
Source:
Food control 2021 v.130 pp. 108289
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
acidification; citric acid; color; colorimetry; discoloration; fermentation; food safety; lactose; mozzarella cheese; oxidoreductases; pH; England; Germany; Italy; Spain
Abstract:
... Blue discoloration in fresh mozzarella cheese (FMC) is a defect caused by certain biotypes of Pseudomonas spp. This defect has been increasing in frequency worldwide over the last decade; instances have occurred recently in the U.S., Italy, Germany, England, and Spain. In the current study, lactose oxidase (LO) was utilized as a surface treatment to investigate its potential to inhibit blue discol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108289

5. The potential for colour to provide a robust alternative to high-cost sediment source fingerprinting: Assessment using eight catchments in England

Author:
S. Pulley; A.L. Collins
Source:
Science of the total environment 2021 v.792 pp. 148416
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
capital; color; ecology; environment; provenance; scanners; sediments; water quality; watershed management; England
Abstract:
... Excess diffuse fine sediment losses from agriculture are associated with a reduction in the ecological status of lakes and rivers. Agri-environment initiatives aim to help reduce these excessive losses through targeted on-farm advice and capital grants. However, to deliver optimum cost-benefit such initiatives must target the most important sediment sources. Sediment source fingerprinting provides ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148416

6. First Report of Apple Mosaic Virus Infecting Apple Trees in Ethiopia

Author:
Fei Xing; Berhanu Lemma Robe; Dehang Gao; Chengyong He; Shifang Li; Hongqing Wang
Source:
Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.12 pp. 3273
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus; Apple mosaic virus; Corylus avellana; DNA-directed DNA polymerase; Escherichia coli; Malus domestica; Prunus necrotic ringspot virus; RNA; apples; chlorosis; coat proteins; color; cultivars; fruit yield; fruits; genome; leaves; necrosis; viruses; Canada; China; England; Ethiopia; Poland
Abstract:
... Apple (Malus domestica) is an important fruit crop in Ethiopia. Among the viruses reported to infect apple trees, apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), apple mosaic virus (ApMV), apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), and apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) play considerable roles in constraining fruit yield and quality (Hadidi and Barba 2011). ACLSV, ASGV, and ASPV have been reported from 10 different ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-05-20-0969-PDN

7. Hypovirulent effect of the Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 in British isolates of Cryphonectria parasitica

Author:
Pedro Romon‐Ochoa; Caroline Gorton; Alex Lewis; Sietse van der Linde; Joan Webber; Ana Pérez‐Sierra
Source:
Pest management science 2020 v.76 no.4 pp. 1333-1343
ISSN:
1526-498X
Subject:
Castanea; Cryphonectria hypovirus 1; Cryphonectria parasitica; bark; biological control; biological control agents; color; epicormics; field experimentation; haplotypes; mutation; mycoviruses; pathogens; seedlings; surveys; trees; virulence; England; Switzerland
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Chestnut blight, caused by Cryphonectria parasitica, is controlled in many European countries by the naturally occurring mycovirus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV‐1). During surveys of recently identified chestnut blight outbreak in England, CHV‐1 was detected in several individuals of the pathogen isolated from affected trees. We investigated two of these CHV‐1‐infected isolates (L‐6 a ...
DOI:
10.1002/ps.5644

8. Plumage coloration and morphometrics of the Little Owl Athene noctua in the Western Palearctic

Author:
Irene Pellegrino; Marco Cucco; Elisa Calà; Giovanni Boano; Marco Pavia
Source:
Journal of ornithology 2020 v.161 no.4 pp. 1071-1081
ISSN:
2193-7192
Subject:
Athene noctua; Palearctic region; color; morphometry; ornithology; pigmentation; reflectance; reflectance spectroscopy; tail; Central European region; England; France; Iberian Peninsula
Abstract:
... The Little Owl is a species with a wide range in the Palearctic. Thirteen subspecies have been described based on small coloration or size differences. Recently, genetic studies in the western portion of the European range have shown the presence of some well distinct clades. We examined the variation in structural size and coloration of Western Palearctic birds, with particular attention to the p ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10336-020-01792-7

9. The importance of “Pavonazzetto marble” (Docimium-Phrygia/Iscehisar-Turkey) since ancient times and its properties as a global heritage stone resource

Author:
Mustafa Yavuz ÇELİK; Murat SERT
Source:
Environmental earth sciences 2020 v.79 no.9 pp. 201
ISSN:
1866-6280
Subject:
Turkey (country); coasts; color; iron oxides; England; Mediterranean region; Spain
Abstract:
... In ancient times, many monuments and buildings were built using marble. Especially, the use of marble increased in the Roman Empire period. Important public buildings required the best marble, and generally, high-quality stones were used in imperial building projects. For this purpose, many marble quarries were opened in the empire land, and the old ones were used once again. One of the most impor ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12665-020-08943-2

10. Tracking forest biophysical properties with automated digital repeat photography: A fisheye perspective using digital hemispherical photography from below the canopy

Author:
Luke A. Brown; Booker O. Ogutu; Jadunandan Dash
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2020 v.287 pp. 107944
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
automation; calibration; cameras; canopy; color; deciduous forests; hysteresis; leaf angle; leaf area index; lighting; meta-analysis; meteorology; phenology; photography; radiometry; time series analysis; England
Abstract:
... In recent years, digital repeat photography has received increasing attention as an inexpensive means by which seasonal changes in vegetation canopies can be monitored. Offering automation and an increased measurement frequency, colour indices derived from above-canopy digital repeat photography have proven a popular alternative to traditional observations of forest phenology. Nevertheless, previo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.107944

11. First Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae Race 4 Causing Lettuce Wilt in England and Ireland

Author:
A. Taylor; A. C. Jackson; J. P. Clarkson
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.5 pp. 1033
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
DNA; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae; Lactuca sativa; chlortetracycline; color; conidia; crops; cultivars; death; discoloration; ethanol; fungi; genes; greenhouse production; greenhouses; growth retardation; leaves; lettuce; pathogenicity; peptide elongation factors; races; rapid methods; roots; soil; summer; wilting; Belgium; Costa Rica; England; Ireland; Italy; Netherlands
Abstract:
... In the United Kingdom, lettuce is grown both outdoors and under glass with a value of £171 million per year (Defra 2016). Glasshouse production is intensive, with up to six crops per year grown in the same soil. In summer 2016 in Ireland (Dublin County) and summer 2017 in England (Lancashire), wilting symptoms were observed on indoor lettuce (cultivars Skye and Espirando). Initially, approximately ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-10-18-1858-PDN

12. Preliminary physicochemical and sensory characterization of new "Picota"-type cherry cultivars (Prunus avium L.)

Author:
B. Velardo-Micharet; M. Palomino-Vasco; M. J. Serradilla; P. Banuls; M. A. Manzano; M. Lopez-Corrales
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2019 v. no.1235 pp. 259-264
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Prunus avium; breeding programs; brix; cherries; color; crop production; cultivars; firmness; fruits; hardness; harvest date; landraces; markets; maturity stage; plant breeding; protected designation of origin; sensory evaluation; sourness; sweetness; taste; texture; titratable acidity; total soluble solids; England; Spain
Abstract:
... The Jerte Valley (Extremadura, Spain) has been clearly distinguished for the cultivation of traditional sweet cherry landraces (mainly ‘Ambrunés’, ‘Pico Negro’ and ‘Pico Colorado’), which are generally known as “Picota”-type cherries because they are usually harvested stemless. Additionally, these cultivars are included into the Protected Designation of Origin “Cereza del Jerte”. These autochthono ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1235.35

13. Recycled electronic plastic and marine litter

Author:
Emma J. Shaw; Andrew Turner
Source:
Science of the total environment 2019 v.694 pp. 133644
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; antimony; bioavailability; birds; bromine; cadmium; cadmium sulfide; chromium; color; electronic wastes; flame retardants; insulating materials; lead; marine debris; pigments; plastics; poly(vinyl chloride); recycling; toxic substances; wildlife; England
Abstract:
... Black consumer plastics are often contaminated with hazardous chemicals because of technological constraints on sorting dark plastic during recycling of municipal waste coupled with the convenience of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) as a secondary source of black plastic. In this study, samples of beached plastic litter (n = 524) from southwest England were categorised according t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133644

14. Regional patterns in medieval European glass composition as a provenancing tool

Author:
L.W. Adlington; I.C. Freestone; J.J. Kunicki-Goldfinger; T. Ayers; H. Gilderdale Scott; A. Eavis
Source:
Journal of archaeological science 2019 v.110 pp. 104991
ISSN:
0305-4403
Subject:
archaeology; case studies; color; data collection; geographical distribution; glass; iron; meta-analysis; Central European region; Egypt; England; France; Italy
Abstract:
... A legacy dataset of 1329 major element analyses of medieval glass (12th-15th centuries) has been compiled and analysed for geographical distribution of compositional characteristics. Three regional compositional types may be distinguished using simple elemental plots, associated with glass production in northwestern France, in the region around the Rhine, and in central Europe. Distribution maps a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jas.2019.104991

15. To investigate the effect of four timings of mechanical pruning on yield and fruit quality compared to a hand pruned control in an intensive 'Gala' M9 orchard planted as a fruit wall

Author:
C. T. Biddlecombe; A. Dalton
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2018 no.1228 pp. 97-104
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
color; developmental stages; fruit quality; growers; guidelines; labor; leaves; mineral content; nitrogen content; orchards; pericarp; pruning; sugar content; trees; England
Abstract:
... The fruit wall (le mur fruitier) has generated much interest but differing recommendations from other regions in Europe regarding the optimum timing of the mechanical pruning has led to confusion among growers in the UK. In order to determine the effects of different times of pruning and provide growers with robust guidelines, a trial was established in 2012 in a 2-year-old ‘Gala’ (clone Galaxy) o ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1228.13

16. A new leprose Leprocaulon (Ascomycota, Leprocaulales) from Great Britain

Author:
Alan ORANGE; Peter M. EARLAND-BENNETT; Christopher J. B. HITCH; Mark POWELL
Source:
Lichenologist 2017 v.49 no.3 pp. 183-188
ISSN:
1096-1135
Subject:
Ascomycota; color; fatty acids; habitats; internal transcribed spacers; lichens; terpenoids; thin layer chromatography; usnic acid; England; North America
Abstract:
... Leprocaulon calcicola is described as new from walls in SE England; it is leprose, pale to mid blue-grey, and contains zeorin and usnic acid. It differs from L. knudsenii from North America in its habitat on mortared walls rather than non-calcareous rock and in its ITS sequence. ‘Lecanora’ ecorticata differs in the yellower colour, and the presence of unidentified fatty acids and traces of unknown ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0024282917000093

17. Cadmium, lead and bromine in beached microplastics

Author:
Angelo Massos; Andrew Turner
Source:
Environmental pollution 2017 pp. -
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
antimony; beaches; bromine; cadmium; chromium; color; diet; flame retardants; fluorescence; heavy metals; lead; oxides; pellets; physicochemical properties; pigments; plastics; recycling; seabirds; selenium; spectroscopy; synergists; England
Abstract:
... Samples of microplastic (n = 924) from two beaches in south west England have been analysed by field-portable-x-ray fluorescence (FP-XRF) spectrometry, configured in a low-density mode and with a small-spot facility, for the heavy metals, Cd and Pb, and the halogen, Br. Primary plastics in the form of pre-production pellets were the principal type of microplastic (>70%) on both beaches, with secon ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.034

18. Habitat Geology Influences Intraspecific Variation in the Speckling Patterns of Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus and Great Tit Parus major Eggs

Author:
Kevin B. Briggs; Mark C. Mainwaring
Source:
Acta ornithologica 2017 v.52 no.1 pp. 11-20
ISSN:
0001-6454
Subject:
Cyanistes caeruleus; Parus major; birds; breeding; calcium; color; egg shell; eggs; environmental factors; females; habitats; intraspecific variation; invertebrates; limestone; pigments; woodlands; England
Abstract:
... Birds' eggs exhibit a small amount of interspecific diversity in terms of their colors and patterning but considerable variation occurs at the intraspecific level. Here, we examined the contributions of habitat geology, first egg dates, clutch sizes and year in determining intraspecific variation in the intensity of speckling patterns on the eggs of Blue Tits Cyanistes caeruleus and Great Tits Par ...
DOI:
10.3161/00016454AO2017.52.1.002

19. Photochemical oxidation of dimethylsulphide to dimethylsulphoxide in estuarine and coastal waters

Author:
Günther Uher; J. Julian Pillans; Angela D. Hatton; Robert C. Upstill-Goddard
Source:
Chemosphere 2017 v.186 pp. 805-816
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
absorbance; absorption; coastal water; color; dimethyl sulfide; dimethyl sulfoxide; estuaries; gas exchange; light intensity; organic matter; photooxidation; rivers; salinity; singlet oxygen; England; North Sea; Scotland
Abstract:
... Dimethylsulphide (DMS) photo-oxidation and dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) photoproduction were estimated in 26 laboratory irradiations of coastal samples from NE England (Tyne estuary) and W Scotland (Loch Linnhe and River Nant at Taynuilt). Pseudo-first order rate constants of DMS photo-oxidation (0.038 h⁻¹ to 0.345 h⁻¹) and DMSO photo-production (0.017 h⁻¹ to 0.283 h⁻¹) varied by one order of magnitu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.050

20. On the Colours of Odours

Author:
Muriel Jacquot; Faustine Noel; Carlos Velasco; Charles Spence
Source:
Chemosensory perception 2016 v.9 no.2 pp. 79-93
ISSN:
1936-5802
Subject:
Lavandula; Mentha piperita nothosubsp. piperita; algorithms; chemical composition; color; cucumbers; cultural differences; marketing; neural networks; nonfood products; odor compounds; odors; England; France
Abstract:
... INTRODUCTION: In the present study, we explore the existence of cross-cultural differences in odour-colour correspondences between two European countries with geographic proximity and shared history: England and France. Moreover, we test whether a single chromatic arrangement can be used to represent an odour in both countries, even if the odour-colour association for this odour differed. METHODS: ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12078-016-9209-z

21. Prevalence, heritability and genetic correlations of congenital sensorineural deafness and coat pigmentation phenotype in the English bull terrier

Author:
Luisa De Risio; Julia Freeman; Thomas Lewis
Source:
BMC veterinary research 2016 v.12 no.1 pp. 146
ISSN:
1746-6148
Subject:
Bull Terrier; brain stem; color; deafness; gender; genetic correlation; genetic variation; hearing; heritability; phenotype; pigmentation; puppies; England
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Congenital sensorineural deafness (CSD) is the most common type of deafness in dogs and it occurs in numerous canine breeds including the English bull terrier. This study estimates prevalence, heritability and genetic correlations of CSD and coat pigmentation phenotypes in the English bull terrier in England. RESULTS: Hearing status was assessed by brainstem auditory evoked response in ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12917-016-0777-6
PubMed:
27443656
PubMed Central:
PMC4957289

22. The use of hot water treatment for the control of Alternaria alternata in tomato

Author:
M. O. Animashaun; C. F. H. Bishop; J. Cullum
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2016 no.1120 pp. 233-240
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; USDA; color; crop production; dipping; farmers; farms; firmness; fruit quality; fungi; germination; hot water treatment; humidity; income; odors; pathogens; postharvest diseases; ripening; spores; taste; temperature; tomatoes; England; Nigeria
Abstract:
... Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is widely grown in Nigeria with an average yield of 35 t h-1 and annual yield of approximately 1.8 million t. Tomato production is an important source of income to small holder farmers, but this crop suffers many postharvest diseases caused by fungal pathogens including Alternaria alternata f.sp. lycopersici. Many studies have focused on the effect of heat tr ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1120.35

23. Carp Edema Virus/Koi Sleepy Disease: An Emerging Disease in Central‐East Europe

Author:
E. Lewisch; B. Gorgoglione; K. Way; M. El‐Matbouli
Source:
Transboundary and emerging diseases 2015 v.62 no.1 pp. 6-12
ISSN:
1865-1674
Subject:
necrosis; Cyprinus carpio; hypoxia; adults; ponds; viruses; clinical examination; epidemiological studies; koi; mortality; emerging diseases; spring; color; edema; England; Germany; France; Netherlands; Austria; Japan; Czech Republic
Abstract:
... Koi sleepy disease (KSD), also known as carp edema virus (CEV), was first reported from juvenile colour carp in Japan in the 1970s. Recently, this pox virus was detected in several European countries, including Germany, France and the Netherlands. In England, in addition to colour carp, outbreaks in common carp are reported. KSD/CEV is an emerging infectious disease characterized by a typical slee ...
DOI:
10.1111/tbed.12293

24. Roman coloured glass in the Western provinces: The glass cakes and tesserae from West Clacton in England

Author:
Sarah Paynter; Thérèse Kearns; Hilary Cool; Simon Chenery
Source:
Journal of archaeological science 2015 v.62 pp. 66-81
ISSN:
0305-4403
Subject:
archaeology; color; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; glass; scanning electron microscopy; England
Abstract:
... A collection of tesserae and two fragments from rounded cakes of coloured glass, probably dating to the 2nd century AD, were found at West Clacton Reservoir, Essex, in the UK, by Colchester Archaeological Trust. A selection of the finds were analysed using SEM-EDS and ICP-MS. This paper provides data on the composition of the different glass colours and discusses how each colour was made. Colouran ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jas.2015.07.006

25. The richness of plants in Art Nouveau gardens

Author:
Krystyna Pudelska; Anna Mirosław
Source:
Acta agrobotanica 2015 v.68 no.2 pp. 99-108
ISSN:
2300-357X
Subject:
Iris (Iridaceae); Lilium; Phlox; Rosa; asymmetry; color; fauna; flora; gardens; perennials; shrubs; species diversity; England; Italy; Poland
Abstract:
... The turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries signified the appearance of a new trend in art called Art Nouveau in England, Stile floreale in Italy, and in Poland – secesja. It was an attempt to escape from the style that copied historical forms and set a new direction of development. The main inspiration for the creators of this period became nature, its asymmetry, variety of textures, subtle color ...
DOI:
10.5586/aa.2014.055

26. Wallace’s Pike Cichlid Gets a Name after 160 Years: A New Species of Cichlid Fish (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the Upper Rio Negro in Brazil

Author:
Kullander Sven O.; Varella Henrique R.
Source:
Copeia 2015 v.103 no.3 pp. 512-519
ISSN:
0045-8511
Subject:
Crenicichla; color; females; fins; new species; ontogeny; Brazil; England
Abstract:
... A cichlid species first collected by Alfred Russell Wallace in the upper Rio Negro in 1852, lost during the transport to England but documented in drawings, is described as Crenicichla monicae on the basis of three specimens collected by the Swedish Amazonas Expedition 1923–1925. Crenicichla monicae is most similar to C. johanna, C. rosemariae, and one undescribed species which are characterized b ...
DOI:
10.1643/CI-14-169

27. Wide-area mapping of small-scale features in agricultural landscapes using airborne remote sensing

Author:
Jerome O’Connell; Ute Bradter; Tim G. Benton
Source:
ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing 2015 v.109 pp. 165-177
ISSN:
0924-2716
Subject:
issues and policy; image analysis; agricultural land; ecosystem services; information sources; landscapes; habitats; aerial photography; artificial intelligence; trees; color; remote sensing; Emberiza citrinella; algorithms; birds; England
Abstract:
... Natural and semi-natural habitats in agricultural landscapes are likely to come under increasing pressure with the global population set to exceed 9 billion by 2050. These non-cropped habitats are primarily made up of trees, hedgerows and grassy margins and their amount, quality and spatial configuration can have strong implications for the delivery and sustainability of various ecosystem services ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.09.007
PubMed:
26664131
PubMed Central:
PMC4643754

28. New dinosaur footprints exposed in rocks of the Wessex Formation, Lower Cretaceous, at Sandown, Isle of Wight, southern England

Author:
Trevor Price
Source:
Biological journal of the Linnean Society 2014 v.113 no.3 pp. 758-769
ISSN:
0024-4066
Subject:
anaerobic conditions; bedrock; bioturbation; color; floodplains; limestone; mudstone; sand; sandstone; zoos; England
Abstract:
... During February 2007, storm waves removed sufficient sand from the foreshore at Sandown beach on the Isle of Wight to expose a number of Lower Cretaceous interbedded fluvial sand sheets and floodplain mudstones from the upper part of the Wessex Formation terrestrial sequence. The sand bodies have been described before, and exhibit a number of water generated ripple marks, as well as bioturbation b ...
DOI:
10.1111/bij.12365

29. Technology, production and chronology of red window glass in the medieval period – rediscovery of a lost technology

Author:
Jerzy J. Kunicki-Goldfinger; Ian C. Freestone; Iain McDonald; Jan A. Hobot; Heather Gilderdale-Scott; Tim Ayers
Source:
Journal of archaeological science 2014 v.41 pp. 89-105
ISSN:
0305-4403
Subject:
archaeology; color; copper; copper nanoparticles; cupric oxide; glass; heat treatment; microstructure; mixing; scanning electron microscopy; trade; transmission electron microscopy; England; France; Spain
Abstract:
... SEM-EDXA of 132 examples of medieval red window glass reveals the presence of around 1% copper oxide in all cases. SEM and TEM of selected samples confirm the presence of Cu nanoparticles. Two structural categories of red glass sheet are identified. Sheets comprising a single layer of red glass from a few tens to around 300 μm thick overlying a supporting substrate of white glass, with or without ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jas.2013.07.029

30. Two new or misunderstood species related to Verrucaria praetermissa (Verrucariaceae, lichenized Ascomycota)

Author:
Alan ORANGE
Source:
Lichenologist 2014 v.46 no.5 pp. 605-615
ISSN:
1096-1135
Subject:
Verrucaria; color; internal transcribed spacers; lichens; new species; thallus
Abstract:
... The taxonomy of species related to Verrucaria praetermissa is investigated using morphological and molecular data. Verrucaria devensis is closely related to V. praetermissa but distinguished by the darker colour, the thinner and more uneven thallus, and the ITS sequence. This species is based on Leucocarpopsis devensis G. Salisb., which was originally described as the type species of a monotypic g ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0024282914000176

31. The effect of drain blocking on the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) budget of an upland peat catchment in the UK

Author:
E.K. Turner; F. Worrall; T.P. Burt
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2013 v.479 pp. 169-179
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
carbon sequestration; color; dissolved organic carbon; drainage; drainage channels; highlands; monitoring; peat; peatlands; preferential flow; streams; surface water; watersheds; England
Abstract:
... Extensive drainage of UK peatlands has been associated with dehydration of the peat, an increase in water colour and a loss of carbon storage. It has been considered that the blocking of these drainage channels represents a means of peat restoration and a way of reducing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) losses to surface waters. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of drain blocking at both ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.11.059

32. Whitby Jet Jewels in the Victorian Age

Author:
Carvalho Luís Mendonça de; Fernandes Francisca Maria; Nunes Maria de Fátima; Brigola João
Source:
Harvard papers in botany 2013 v.18 no.2 pp. 133-136
ISSN:
1043-4534
Subject:
color; hardness; England
Abstract:
... During the middle nineteenth century, jet obtained from Whitby (England) was sought after due to its dark black color and hardness. This fossilized plant material was used in mourning jewelry, and Whitby hard jet was regarded among the best for carving and bead making. Jet fashion was connected with Queen Victoria, whose long mourning period lasted for almost forty years. ...
DOI:
10.3100/025.018.0206

33. Description of the Sea Anemone Anthopleura Thallia (Gosse 1854)

Author:
Marymegan Daly; Bernard Picton
Source:
Biology and environment 2012 v.112 no.2 pp. 235-240
ISSN:
0791-7945
Subject:
Anthozoa; color; littoral zone; redescriptions; England; Ireland
Abstract:
... The inconspicuous intertidal sea anemone Anthopleura thallia is redescribed based on recent collections in England and Ireland. The redescription includes a complete account of the types and sizes of cnidae, and documents variability in colouration and pattern within and among populations. This is the first record of the species in Ireland. Anthopleura thallia is sympatric with the b ...
DOI:
10.3318/BIOE.2012.10

34. Grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator): a fascinating system for the study of the biology, ecology and epidemiology of an obligate biotroph

Author:
DAVID M. GADOURY; LANCE CADLE‐DAVIDSON; WAYNE F. WILCOX; IAN B. DRY; ROBERT C. SEEM; MICHAEL G. MILGROOM
Source:
Molecular plant pathology 2012 v.13 no.1 pp. 1-16
ISSN:
1464-6722
Subject:
mycoparasites; inflorescences; ascomata; flowering; grapes; Parthenocissus; phylogeny; plant pathogens; asci; fungicide resistance; microbial growth; canes; mildews; shoots; growers; sulfur; vineyards; powdery mildew; internal transcribed spacers; disease resistance; Vitis vinifera; Cissus; mycelium; leaves; host range; vines; buds; small fruits; Uncinula necator; host plants; ontogeny; disease control; periderm; mortality; overwintering; fruits; epidemiology; fungicides; Ampelopsis; color; death; bark; crops; England; France; North America
Abstract:
... Few plant pathogens have had a more profound effect on the evolution of disease management than Erysiphe necator, which causes grapevine powdery mildew. When the pathogen first spread from North America to England in 1845, and onwards to France in 1847, ‘germ theory’ was neither understood among the general populace nor even generally accepted within the scientific community. Louis Pasteur had onl ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00728.x
PubMed:
21726395

35. Habitat and the shell polymorphism of Cepaea nemoralis (L.): interrogating the Evolution Megalab database

Author:
Robert A. D. Cameron; Laurence M. Cook
Source:
Journal of molluscan studies 2012 v.78 no.2 pp. 179-184
ISSN:
0260-1230
Subject:
Cepaea nemoralis; color; databases; geographical variation; grasslands; habitats; natural selection; England; France; Germany
Abstract:
... The Evolution Megalab database on the shell polymorphism of Cepaea nemoralis contains data on the majority of populations sampled over the last 100 years. Here, we use the database to examine geographical variation in the strength of the known relationship between morph frequencies and habitat. Unique pairs of samples from woodland and the nearest open habitat (hedges and grassland) are used to an ...
DOI:
10.1093/mollus/eyr052

36. At the north-eastern extremity: variation in Cepaea nemoralis around Gdańsk, northern Poland

Author:
Robert Cameron; Małgorzata Ożgo; Michal Horsák; Zdzislaw Bogucki
Source:
Biologia 2011 v.66 no.6 pp. 1097-1113
ISSN:
1336-9563
Subject:
Cepaea nemoralis; color; habitats; humans; loci; morphs; natural selection; snails; urban areas; England; Poland
Abstract:
... Variation in the shell colour and banding polymorphism in the land snail Cepaea nemoralis was studied in 260 populations in the region of Gdańsk, northern Poland. Unlike in other regions of Poland, many populations contain brown shells. Populations from shaded habitats have higher frequencies of brown than those from open and intermediate habitats, largely at the expense of yellow shells. Nearly a ...
DOI:
10.2478/s11756-011-0128-9

37. First Report of Stem Blight of Eleocharis dulcis Caused by Phoma bellidis in China

Author:
Lv R.; Zheng L.; Zhu Z.; Pan L.; Huang J.; Hsiang T.
Source:
Plant disease 2011 v.95 no.9 pp. 1190
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Bellis; Eleocharis dulcis; Phoma; agar; blight; chlamydospores; climate; color; conidia; corms; fungi; herbaceous plants; hyphae; malt extract; mercuric chloride; necrosis; oatmeal; pathogenicity; pathogens; photoperiod; polysorbates; pycnidia; relative humidity; runoff; salmon; sodium hydroxide; soil; spraying; vegetables; China; Denmark; England; India; Italy; Netherlands; Switzerland
Abstract:
... Eleocharis dulcis is a perennial herbaceous plant in the family Cyperaceae, which is native to China and India where it grows well in moist-to-wet soils. It is commonly used as a fruit or a vegetable. From August 2009 to December 2010, symptoms were observed on E. dulcis stems in Tuanfeng County, Hubei, China, with the crop area affected estimated to be more than 1,300 ha per year. Corm yield was ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-03-11-0214

38. Changes in water colour between 1986 and 2006 in the headwaters of the River Nidd, Yorkshire, UK

Author:
Chapman, Pippa J.; McDonald, Adrian T.; Tyson, Rosa; Palmer, Sheila M.; Mitchell, Gordon; Irvine, Brian
Source:
Biogeochemistry 2010 v.101 no.1-3 pp. 281-294
ISSN:
0168-2563
Subject:
adsorption; biogeochemistry; color; dissolved organic carbon; hydrochemistry; mineral soils; pH; peat; rivers; runoff; silicon; soil horizons; statistical analysis; subwatersheds; sulfur; temporal variation; England
Abstract:
... This study compares the spatial and temporal variability of water colour for fifteen sub-catchments of the River Nidd, northeast England, in 1986 and 2006/2007. Between 1986 and 2006/2007, mean annual water colour increased in all the sub-catchments. However, there was considerable variation in the increase, which ranged from 22 to 155%. Statistical analysis revealed that the sub-catchments could ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10533-010-9474-x

39. Random Forest characterization of upland vegetation and management burning from aerial imagery

Author:
Chapman, Daniel S.; Bonn, Aletta; Kunin, William E.; Cornell, Stephen J.
Source:
Journal of biogeography 2010 v.37 no.1 pp. 37-46
ISSN:
0305-0270
Subject:
Calluna vulgaris; aerial photography; algorithms; artificial intelligence; bedrock; burning; color; correspondence analysis; game birds; grasslands; grouse; habitats; heathlands; highlands; land cover; landscape management; landscapes; monitoring; national parks; plant communities; remote sensing; vegetation cover; England
Abstract:
... The upland moorlands of Great Britain form distinctive landscapes of international conservation importance, comprising mosaics of heathland, acid grassland, blanket bog and bracken. Much of this landscape is managed by rotational burning to create gamebird habitat and there is concern over whether this is driving long-term changes in upland vegetation communities. However, the inaccessibility and ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02186.x

40. Testing the interactive effects of testosterone and parasites on carotenoid-based ornamentation in a wild bird

Author:
MARTÍNEZ-PADILLA, J.; MOUGEOT, F.; WEBSTER, L.M.I.; PÉREZ-RODRÍGUEZ, L.; PIERTNEY, S.B.
Source:
Journal of evolutionary biology 2010 v.23 no.5 pp. 902-913
ISSN:
1010-061X
Subject:
Lagopus lagopus scoticus; Nematoda; carotenoids; color; immunostimulants; parasites; sexual selection; testosterone; wild birds
Abstract:
... Testosterone underlies the expression of most secondary sexual traits, playing a key role in sexual selection. However, high levels might be associated with physiological costs, such as immunosuppression. Immunostimulant carotenoids underpin the expression of many red-yellow ornaments, but are regulated by testosterone and constrained by parasites. We manipulated testosterone and nematode burdens ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.01956.x
PubMed:
20536879

41. Effects of managed burning upon dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil water and runoff water following a managed burn of a UK blanket bog

Author:
Clay, Gareth D.; Worrall, Fred; Fraser, Evan D.G.
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2009 v.367 no.1-2 pp. 41-51
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
peat; water quality; highlands; watersheds; bogs; soil water; grazing intensity; dissolved organic carbon; color; prescribed burning; hydrochemistry; runoff; grasslands; England
Abstract:
... The burning of heather and grass to maintain a mosaic of different aged vegetation stands is a widespread management practice in the uplands of the UK. However, there is concern that burning also releases dissolved organic carbon (DOC) into drinking water supplies. This study was based on a long term experiment examining different rotational burning cycles and grazing intensities on upland vegetat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.12.022

42. Reproductive timing and patterns of development for the damselfly Coenagrion puella in the field

Author:
Chris D. Lowe; Ian F. Harvey; Phillip C. Watts; David J. Thompson
Source:
Ecology 2009 v.90 no.8 pp. 2202-2212
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Coenagrion puella; insect development; insect reproduction; females; duration; males; color; ova; seasonal variation; population genetics; life history; body size; England
Abstract:
... By a combination of detailed behavioral observations and molecular genetic approaches we have assessed development time, timing of first maturity, and the extent of genetic structure through the flying season in a wild population of the damselfly Coenagrion puella in England. This work provides the first estimate of development time (egg to mature adult) in the field based on individual damselflie ...
DOI:
10.1890/08-1780.1
PubMed:
19739382

43. Decline of melanism in two British moths: spatial, temporal and inter-specific variation

Author:
Cook, L.M.; Turner, J.R.G.
Source:
Heredity 2008 v.101 no.6 pp. 483-489
ISSN:
0018-067X
Subject:
Fulgoridae; atmospheric deposition; temporal variation; melanization; Biston betularia; alleles; melanin; insect genetics; color; spatial variation; natural selection; air pollution; wings; England
Abstract:
... The decline in industrial melanism over the last quarter century constitutes an exceptional case of an evolutionary change, varying in both time and space, and between species. In Biston betularia and Odontoptera bidentata, the change in melanic frequency is closely replicated at two sites 0.5 km apart. Between seven sites 50-100 km apart, there is heterogeneity in both the speed and timing of cha ...
DOI:
10.1038/hdy.2008.105
PubMed:
18941471

44. Selection and gene flow on a diminishing cline of melanic peppered moths

Author:
Saccheri, Ilik J.; Rousset, François; Watts, Phillip C.; Brakefield, Paul M.; Cook, Laurence M.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008 v.105 no.42 pp. 16212-16217
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Biston betularia; morphs; color; gene frequency; melanization; natural selection; geographical variation; air pollution; microsatellite repeats; dispersal behavior; England; Wales
Abstract:
... Historical datasets documenting changes to gene frequency clines are extremely rare but provide a powerful means of assessing the strength and relative roles of natural selection and gene flow. In 19th century Britain, blackening of the environment by the coal-fired manufacturing industry gave rise to a steep cline in the frequency of the black (carbonaria) morph of the peppered moth (Biston betul ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0803785105
PubMed:
18854412
PubMed Central:
PMC2571026

45. Short-term impact of peat drain-blocking on water colour, dissolved organic carbon concentration, and water table depth

Author:
Worrall, F.; Armstrong, A.; Holden, J.
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2007 v.337 no.3-4 pp. 315-325
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
peat; drainage water; water pollution; dissolved organic carbon; groundwater; color; hydrochemistry; water table; drainage; England
Abstract:
... Water discolouration is a major management problem for UK water companies as a proportion of the supply relies on runoff from peat-covered catchments. Many peats have been drained using surface ditches but this has been shown to lead to more severe water discolouration. Drain-blocking is now actively encouraged in UK peatlands to promote peatland habitats and water companies are considering fundin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.01.046

46. The development of ornithology in central Europe

Author:
J. Haffer
Source:
Journal für Ornithologie 2007 v.148 no.Supplement 1 pp. 125-153
ISSN:
0021-8375
Subject:
anatomy and morphology; animal taxonomy; birds; color; evolution; fauna; history; natural history; new species; ornithology; physiology; researchers; sport hunting; traditions; zoogeography; zoological illustration; Central European region; England; Germany
Abstract:
... The first ornithologist since Aristotle was the emperor Friedrich II of Hohenstaufen whose work on falconry (written before 1248) includes a general account of birds based largely on his personal observations. Other medieval workers on birds were Albertus Magnus, Thomas di Cantimpré and Konrad von Megenberg. Gybertus Longolius (1544) and William Turner (1544) reported on some birds of the Rhine re ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10336-007-0160-2

47. Intercolony variation in learning performance of a wild British bumblebee population (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus terrestris audax)

Author:
Raine, N.E.; Ings, T.C.; Ramos-Rodriguez, O.; Chittka, L.
Source:
Entomologia generalis 2006 v.28 no.4 pp. 241-256
ISSN:
0171-8177
Subject:
Bombus terrestris; insect colonies; worker insects; learning; foraging; nectar feeding; flowers; color; age; England
DOI:
10.1127/entom.gen/28/2006/241

48. Factors Associated with Mortality and Morbidity in Small Intestinal Volvulus in Horses

Author:
Stephen, Jennifer O.; Corley, Kevin T.T.; Johnston, Janet K.; Pfeiffer, Dirk
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2004 v.33 no.4 pp. 340-348
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
lipoma; heart rate; proteins; colic; computers; retrospective studies; experimental design; hospitals; morbidity; prognosis; models; logit analysis; risk factors; exudation; surgery; breeds; mucosa; mortality; color; horses
Abstract:
... Objective: To determine historical, physical, and clinical factors that may affect morbidity and mortality in horses with small intestinal volvulus unrelated to other causes (e.g., incarceration, lipoma, etc.). Study Design: Retrospective study. Animals: Client-owned horses (115), aged 1 month to 21 years. Methods: Data were obtained from medical records, identified by computer search and manual r ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1532-950X.2004.04049.x
PubMed:
15230836

49. Meadow pipit (Anthus pratensis) egg appearance in cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) sympatric and allopatric populations

Author:
Jesus M. Aviles; Anders P. Møller
Source:
Biological journal of the Linnean Society 2003 v.79 no.4 pp. 543-549
ISSN:
0024-4066
Subject:
Anthus pratensis; Cuculus canorus; allopatry; brood parasitism; color; eggs; parasites; phenotype; phenotypic plasticity; sympatry; England; Faroe Islands; Iceland
Abstract:
... Host populations tend to show less ability to discriminate against parasites when living in their absence. However, comparison of rejection rates among sympatric and allopatric host populations does not allow determination of whether the greater tolerance in allopatric populations reflects a genetic change or phenotypic plasticity. Here we test the existence of changes in a host's adaptation to br ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00208.x

50. Are Sydney rabbits different?

Author:
S. Phillips; K.R. Zenger; B.J. Richardson
Source:
Australian zoologist 2002 v.32 no.1 pp. 49-55
ISSN:
0067-2238
Subject:
Nematoda; Protozoa; alleles; allozymes; color; endoparasites; gene pool; genetic variation; mitochondrial DNA; phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; rabbits; rain; England; New South Wales; New Zealand
Abstract:
... Rabbits have been present in the Sydney district since well before the Geelong release that provided the genetic stock of rabbits seen throughout most of Australia. In this study a comparison was made between the genetic variation present in, and the endoparasitic communities of, rabbits in the Sydney region and elsewhere in Australia. A genetic variant in the mtDNA control region is common in the ...
DOI:
10.7882/AZ.2002.004