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1. Dietary Exposure to Lead and Cadmium in Sweden

Author:
S. Slorach; L. Jorhem; W. Becker
Source:
Chemical speciation and bioavailability 1991 v.3 no.3-4 pp. 13-16
ISSN:
0954-2299
Subject:
adults; balance sheet; body weight; breast feeding; breast milk; cadmium; diet study techniques; dietary exposure; feces; females; foods; infants; lead; males; markets; women; Sweden
Abstract:
... A duplicate diet study on male and female pensioners in 1970–71 showed mean daily dietary lead intakes of 30 μg and 19 μg respectively. The corresponding cadmium intakes were 10.5μg and 12.9 μg. Analysis of duplicate diets collected during seven consecutive 24-hour periods from 15 women in Stockholm in 1988 showed a mean daily lead intake of 26 μg (range 13–40 μg). The corresponding cadmium intake ...
DOI:
10.1080/09542299.1991.11083148

2. General Approaches to Estimation of Dietary Exposure to Contaminants

Author:
Jean Pennington
Source:
Food and nutrition bulletin v.25 no.4 pp. 420-427
ISSN:
0379-5721
Subject:
body weight; chemistry; compliance; computer software; databases; diet; dietary exposure; epidemiology; exposure models; food availability; foods; laws and regulations; metabolites; statistics; toxicology
Abstract:
... The initial steps in estimating dietary exposure to contaminants include gathering the necessary expertise, clarifying the intent and purpose of the work, selecting a dietary exposure model, and gathering available pertinent information. Expertise is generally needed in chemistry, agriculture, toxicology, statistics, nutritional epidemiology, and computer software development. The goal might be to ...
DOI:
10.1177/156482650402500411

3. Retrospective and Current Risks of Mercury to Panthers in the Florida Everglades

Author:
Mace G. Barron; Stephanie E. Duvall; Kyle J. Barron
Source:
Ecotoxicology 2004 v.13 no.3 pp. 223-229
ISSN:
0963-9292
Subject:
Procyon lotor; ataxia (disorder); body weight; death; diet; dietary exposure; endangered species; exposure models; ingestion; mercury; methylmercury compounds; poisoning; population; risk; seizures; uncertainty; Florida
Abstract:
... Florida panthers are an endangered species inhabiting south Florida. Hg has been suggested as a causative factor for low populations and some reported panther deaths, but a quantitative assessment of risks has never been performed. This study quantitatively evaluated retrospective (pre-1992) and current (2002) risks of chronic dietary Hg exposures to panthers in the Florida Everglades. A probabili ...
DOI:
10.1023/B:ECTX.0000023567.42698.38

4. Effect of Dietary Administration of 17α-methyltestosterone on the Sex Ratio of Postlarval Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, During the Nursery Stage of Culture

Author:
Ohs, C.L.; D'Abramo, L.R.; Kelly, A.M.
Source:
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 2006 v.37 no.3 pp. 328-333
ISSN:
0893-8849
Subject:
shrimp culture; methyltestosterone; dietary exposure; sex ratio; sex determination; mortality; animal growth; body weight; body size
DOI:
10.1111/j.1749-7345.2006.00045.x

5. Effect of varying the concentration of dietary astaxanthin on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, muscle pigmentation

Author:
Kouakou, N.D.V.; Choubert, G.
Source:
Journal of applied aquaculture 2006 v.18 no.2 pp. 61-73
ISSN:
1045-4438
Subject:
fish culture; Oncorhynchus mykiss; trout; astaxanthin; dietary exposure; muscles; pigmentation; color; experimental diets; feed composition; body weight; animal growth; feed conversion
DOI:
10.1300/J028v18n02_05

6. Endocrine and metabolic alterations in the mink (Mustela vison) due to chronic phytoestrogen exposure

Author:
Ryökkynen, A.; Mustonen, A.M.; Pyykönen, T.; Nieminen, P.
Source:
Chemosphere 2006 v.64 no.10 pp. 1753-1760
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Neovison vison; mink; chronic toxicity; plant estrogens; genistein; beta-sitosterol; dietary exposure; body weight; metabolism; risk assessment; animal models
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.12.037
PubMed:
16466776

7. Evaluation of HCG-delivery systems and levels on spawning of Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.)

Author:
Sahoo, S.K.; Giri, S.S.; Mohanty, J.; Sahu, A.K.
Source:
Journal of applied aquaculture 2006 v.18 no.4 pp. 59-70
ISSN:
1045-4438
Subject:
fertilization (reproduction); fish culture; Clarias batrachus; catfish; human chorionic gonadotropin; pellets; dietary exposure; injection; spawning; fish eggs; hatching; body weight; fecundity
DOI:
10.1300/J028v18n04_05

8. Oral toxicity of the microcystin-containing cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus)

Author:
Ernst, B.; Hoeger, S.J.; O'Brien, E.; Dietrich, D.R.
Source:
Aquatic toxicology 2006 v.79 no.1 pp. 31-40
ISSN:
0166-445X
Subject:
Planktothrix rubescens; microcystins; toxicity; dietary exposure; Coregonus; dose response; animal behavior; body weight; histopathology; immunohistochemistry; blood plasma; glucose
Abstract:
... The microcystin-producing cyanobacterium Planktothrix is one of the most widespread genera amongst toxin producing cyanobacteria in European lakes. In particular, the metalimnic blooms of Planktothrix rubescens have been associated with growing problems in the professional freshwater fishery as a decrease in yearly yields in the important coregonids fishery often coincides with the appearance of P ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.04.013

9. Vergleich der Acrylamidaufnahme über die Nahrung bei Jugendlichen auf der Basis von Acrylamidgehalten von Januar 2003 und Oktober 2005

Author:
C. Sommerfeld; L. Dehne
Source:
Journal für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit = 2006 v.1 no.4 pp. 285-289
ISSN:
1661-5751
Subject:
acrylamides; autumn; body weight; consumer protection; dietary exposure; food intake; food safety; national surveys; youth
Abstract:
... Based on two consumption studies – the Berlin Youth Study from autumn 2002 and the National Consumption Study from the late eighties – and acrylamide levels from January 2003 and October 2005, estimations of the acrylamide intake via food consumption were conducted. The aim was to get an idea about the effect of the minimisation concept of the Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00003-006-0049-7

10. Effects of long-term cyanide ingestion by pigs

Author:
Manzano, H.; Benedito de Sousa, A.; Soto-Blanco, B.; Guerra, J.L.; Maiorka, P.C.; Gorniak, S.L.
Source:
Veterinary research communications 2007 v.31 no.1 pp. 93-104
ISSN:
0165-7380
Subject:
carcass weight; animal health; dietary exposure; creatinine; thiocyanates; alanine transaminase; liveweight gain; potassium cyanide; renal tubules; blood lipids; body weight; histopathology; swine; hepatocytes; long term effects; dosage; triiodothyronine; cholesterol; thyroid gland; urea
DOI:
10.1007/s11259-006-3361-x
PubMed:
17180454

11. Effects of methylmercury on reproduction in American kestrels

Author:
Albers, P.H.; Koterba, M.T.; Rossmann, R.; Link, W.A.; French, J.B.; Bennett, R.S.; Bauer, W.C.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2007 v.26 no.9 pp. 1856-1866
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
animal fertility; dietary exposure; wild birds; anthropogenic activities; toxicity testing; Falco sparverius; young animals; dose response; ova; birds of prey; pollution; hatching; methylmercury compounds; bioaccumulation; body weight; population size; capture of animals; mercury; Bayesian theory; regression analysis
DOI:
10.1897/06-592R.1
PubMed:
17702546

12. Pesticide residues in Italian Ready-Meals and dietary intake estimation. [Erratum: 2008 Feb., v. 43, no. 2, p. 205.]

Author:
Lorenzin, M.
Source:
Journal of environmental science and health 2007 v.42 no.7 pp. 823-833
ISSN:
0360-1234
Subject:
quantitative analysis; vegetable oil; body weight; food contamination; pesticide residues; wines; dietary exposure; average daily intake; breads; vegetables; pesticides; meals (menu); fruit juices; Italy
DOI:
10.1080/03601230701555021

13. Weight and height at 4 and 7 years of age in children born to mothers with a high intake of fish contaminated with persistent organochlorine pollutants

Author:
Rylander, L.; Strömberg, U.; Hagmar, L.
Source:
Chemosphere 2007 v.67 no.3 pp. 498-504
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
marine fish; food contamination; organochlorine compounds; pollutants; dietary exposure; food intake; mothers; bioaccumulation; children; body weight; height; human food chain; polychlorinated biphenyls; geographical variation; fatty fish; Sweden
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.09.089
PubMed:
17123573

14. Carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity of di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate (DEHT) following a 2-year dietary exposure in Fischer 344 rats

Author:
Deyo, J.A.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2008 v.46 no.3 pp. 990-1005
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
carcinogenesis; food intake; females; dose response; body weight; chronic exposure; males; gender differences; human health; human nutrition; phthalates; dietary exposure; no observed adverse effect level; animal models; carcinogens; chronic toxicity; adverse effects; carcinogenicity; rats
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2007.10.037

15. Consumption of fish from a contaminated lake strongly affects the concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in serum

Author:
Thomsen, Cathrine; Knutsen, Helle K.; Liane, Veronica H.; Frøshaug, May; Kvalem, Helen E.; Haugen, Margaretha; Meltzer, Helle M.; Alexander, Jan; Becher, Georg
Source:
Molecular nutrition & food research 2008 v.52 no.2 pp. 228-237
ISSN:
1613-4125
Subject:
body weight; diet; dietary exposure; fish; foods; humans; ingestion; lakes; lipids; men; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; women; Norway
Abstract:
... Very high concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) have been reported in fish from Lake Mjøsa in Norway. This study was performed to examine the serum concentrations of PBDE and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in consumers of fish from this lake and to investigate possible relationships between serum concentrations, self-reported fish intake and calculated total dietary PBDE exposure. ...
DOI:
10.1002/mnfr.200700123
PubMed:
18186101

16. Dietary exposure to brominated flame retardants correlates with male blood levels in a selected group of Norwegians with a wide range of seafood consumption

Author:
Knutsen, Helle K.; Kvalem, Helen E.; Thomsen, Cathrine; Frøshaug, May; Haugen, Margaretha; Becher, Georg; Alexander, Jan; Meltzer, Helle M.
Source:
Molecular nutrition & food research 2008 v.52 no.2 pp. 217-227
ISSN:
1613-4125
Subject:
blood; body weight; dairy products; diet study techniques; dietary exposure; fatty fish; flame retardants; lipids; males; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; seafoods
Abstract:
... This study investigates dietary exposure and serum levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in a group of Norwegians (n = 184) with a wide range of seafood consumption (4-455 g/day). Mean dietary exposure to Sum 5 PBDEs (1.5 ng/kg body weight/day) is among the highest reported. Since concentrations in foods were similar to those found elsewhere in Europe, ...
DOI:
10.1002/mnfr.200700096
PubMed:
18246586

17. Dose-related effects following oral exposure of 2,4-dinitrotoluene on the western fence lizard, sceloporus occidentalis

Author:
Suski, J.G.; Salice, C.; Bazar, M.A.; Talent, L.G.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2008 v.27 no.2 pp. 352-359
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
environmental models; food intake; females; lethal dose 50; soil pollution; hematologic tests; body weight; indicator species; males; dietary exposure; mortality; Sceloporus occidentalis; explosives; military lands; kidneys
Abstract:
... 2,4-dintitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) is an explosive frequently found in the soil of military installations. Because reptiles can be common on these sites, ecological risk assessments for compounds such as 2,4-DNT could be improved with toxicity data specific to reptiles. Western fence lizards, Sceloporus occidentalis, were used to develop a laboratory toxicity model for reptiles. A hierarchical approach ...
DOI:
10.1897/07-149R.1
PubMed:
18348623

18. Effect of Racemic, (+)- and (-)-Gossypol on Survival and Development of Heliothis virescens Larvae

Author:
Stipanovic, Robert D.; Lopez, Juan D.; Dowd, Michael K.; Puckhaber, Lorraine S.; Duke, Sara E.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2008 v.37 no.5 pp. 1081-1085
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Heliothis virescens; gossypol; enantiomers; dietary exposure; toxicity; larvae; mortality; larval development; pupation; pupae; body weight; chemical concentration; dose response
Abstract:
... Gossypol is a constituent of the lysigenous foliar glands of cotton plants and is also found in glands in cottonseed. Gossypol exists as enantiomers because of restricted rotation around the binaphthyl bond. The biological activities of the enantiomers differ. For example, (+)-gossypol can be fed safely to nonruminants such as chickens, but (-)-gossypol cannot. Most commercial cottonseed contain a ...
Handle:
10113/21562
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[1081:EORAGO]2.0.CO;2
PubMed:
19036185

19. Effects of dietary selenium on reproduction and body mass of captive lesser scaup

Author:
DeVink, J.M.A.; Clark, R.G.; Slattery, S.M.; Scheuhammer, T.M.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2008 v.27 no.2 pp. 471-477
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
blood; dose response; migratory behavior; ova; animal reproduction; body weight; selenium; pollutants; spring; dietary exposure; population size; waterfowl; capture of animals; females
Abstract:
... The continental population of scaup has declined over the last three decades to levels that remain well below conservation goals. One proposed hypothesis for this decline is that increasing exposure to contaminants has led to decreased fitness in scaup, and selenium (Se) has been identified as a contaminant of concern. We conducted an experiment with captive scaup to simulate late spring migration ...
DOI:
10.1897/07-209R.1
PubMed:
18348630

20. Hemoglobin Adducts and Mercapturic Acid Excretion of Acrylamide and Glycidamide in One Study Population

Author:
Hartmann, E.C.; Boettcher, M.I.; Schettgen, T.; Fromme, H.; Drexler, H.; Angerer, J.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2008 v.56 no.15 pp. 6061-6068
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
quantitative analysis; body weight; hemoglobin; dosage; metabolites; biochemical pathways; gender differences; children; adults; dietary exposure; amino acid composition; oxidation; acrylamides; excretion
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the oxidative and reductive metabolic pathways of acrylamide (AA) in the nonsmoking general population. For the first time both the blood protein adducts and the urinary metabolites of AA and glycidamide (GA) were quantified in an especially designed study group with even distribution of age and gender. The hemoglobin adducts N-carbam ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf800277h
PubMed:
18624428

21. Immunotoxicity of nivalenol after subchronic dietary exposure to rats

Author:
Kubosaki, A.; Aihara, M.; Park, B.J.; Sugiura, Y.; Shibutani, M.; Hirose, M.; Suzuki, Y.; Takatori, K.; Sugita-Konishi, Y.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2008 v.46 no.1 pp. 253-258
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
natural killer cells; immunity; dose response; blood serum; body weight; human health; immunoglobulins; dietary exposure; spleen; animal models; splenocytes; immunotoxicity; CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; rats; subchronic toxicity; nivalenol; adverse effects; CD8-positive T-lymphocytes
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2007.08.003
PubMed:
17881110

22. Internal doses of acrylamide and glycidamide in mice fed diets with low acrylamide contents

Author:
Vikström, Anna C.; Eriksson, Sune; Paulsson, Birgit; Karlsson, Patrik; Athanassiadis, Ioannis; Törnqvist, Margareta
Source:
Molecular nutrition & food research 2008 v.52 no.8 pp. 974-980
ISSN:
1613-4125
Subject:
absorbed dose; absorption; acrylamides; body weight; diet study techniques; dietary exposure; foods; health hazards; hemoglobin; mice; risk assessment
Abstract:
... The formation of acrylamide during heating of certain foodstuffs constitutes a potential health hazard. The health risk assessment should be based on knowledge about the relation between dietary exposure to acrylamide and internal doses of acrylamide and its genotoxic metabolite glycidamide. The primary aim of this study in mice was to measure these relationships at low levels of acrylamide intake ...
DOI:
10.1002/mnfr.200700341
PubMed:
18496815

23. Rebaudioside A: Two-generation reproductive toxicity study in rats

Author:
Curry, L.L.; Roberts, A.; Brown, N.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2008 v.46 no.7 pp. S21
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
weight gain; vigor; body weight; fecundity; dosage; sperm motility; gestation period; weaning; dietary exposure; no observed adverse effect level; animal models; feed intake; mortality; rats; estrous cycle; adverse effects
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2008.05.005
PubMed:
18562070

24. Segregation of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, aminopeptidase 1, cadherin, and bre5-like alleles, from a colony resistant to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab toxins, are not associated with F2 larval weights when fed a diet containing Cry1Ab

Author:
Coates, B.S.; Sumerford, D.V.; Lewis, L.C.
Source:
Journal of insect science 2008 v.8 pp. 49-58
ISSN:
1536-2442
Subject:
Ostrinia nubilalis; membrane alanyl aminopeptidase; cadherins; genetic markers; single nucleotide polymorphism; gene segregation; gene frequency; genetic resistance; Bacillus thuringiensis; crystal proteins; delta-endotoxins; dietary exposure; larvae; body weight
Abstract:
... Protein receptors may be required for activated Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins (Cry1Ab) to bind midgut epithelium prior to pore formation. Single nucleotide polymorphism markers from two Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) midgut peptide receptors, cadherin (OnCad), aminopeptidase N 1 (OnAPN1), and OnBre5 (Onb3GalT5; a [beta]-1,3-galactosyltransferase family 5 member) were used t ...
Handle:
10113/15326

25. Subchronic toxicity of rebaudioside A

Author:
Curry, L.L.; Roberts, A.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2008 v.46 no.7 pp. S11
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats; animal models; dietary exposure; subchronic toxicity; dosage; no observed adverse effect level; testes; histopathology; steviol; glycosides; sweeteners; body weight; weight gain; energy density; taste; bile acids; blood serum; blood lipids; cholesterol; excretion; liver; liver function; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); adverse effects
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2008.04.042
PubMed:
18562069

26. Toxic Effects in Siganus oramin by Dietary Exposure to 4-tert-Octylphenol

Author:
Y. B. Du; Y. Y. Li; Y. J. Zhen; C. B. Hu; W. H. Liu; W. Z. Chen; Z. W. Sun
Source:
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 2008 v.80 no.6 pp. 534-538
ISSN:
0007-4861
Subject:
Siganus; biomarkers; body weight; cortisol; dietary exposure; females; glutathione transferase; hepatosomatic index; histopathology; liver; males; pollutants; spleen; testes; testosterone; toxicity
Abstract:
... The integrated toxicities of 4-tert-octylphenol (t-OP) on Siganus oramin were investigated by dietary administration at doses of 5, 25 and 125 mg/kg body weight over 28 days. Significant increase was observed in the activity of hepatic glutathione S-transferase at 125 mg/kg on both day 14 and 28 in males, and at all doses on day 28 in females, and in hepatosomatic index at 25 mg/kg on day 14 in bo ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00128-008-9388-7
PubMed:
18408878

27. Toxicity of Oral Exposure to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in the Western Fence Lizard (Sceloporus Occidentalis)

Author:
McFarland, Craig A.; Quinn, Michael J. Jr.; Bazar, Matthew A.; Remick, Amera K.; Talent, Larry G.; Johnson, Mark S.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2008 v.27 no.5 pp. 1102-1111
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
dietary exposure; wildlife; trinitrotoluene; Sceloporus occidentalis; lizards; soil pollution; explosives; military lands; lethal dose; males; females; ecotoxicology; mortality; body weight; histopathology; calcium; blood; kidneys; spleen; liver; alkaline phosphatase; testosterone; sperm motility; toxicity testing
Abstract:
... Contamination of the soil with the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) has been found at military sites, many of which are habitats used by reptiles. To provide data useful in assessing ecological risk for reptilian species, acute, subacute, and subchronic oral toxicity studies were conducted with the western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis). Oral median lethal dose (LD50) values for TNT i ...
DOI:
10.1897/07-312.1
PubMed:
18419183

28. The use of a sweetener substitution method to predict dietary exposures for the intense sweetener rebaudioside A

Author:
Renwick, A.G.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2008 v.46 no.7 pp. S61
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
food intake; body weight; diabetes mellitus; artificial sweeteners; brand name products; steviol; dietary exposure; children; patients; molecular weight; glycosides; food additives; sweetness; prediction
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2008.05.009

29. Assessing effects of transgenic Cry1Ac cotton on the earthworm Eisenia fetida

Author:
Liu, Biao; Wang, Liang; Zeng, Qing; Meng, Jun; Hu, Wenjun; Li, Xiaogang; Zhou, Kexin; Xue, Kun; Liu, Doudou; Zheng, Yangping
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2009 v.41 no.9 pp. 1841-1846
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
cotton; insecticidal proteins; acute toxicity; Eisenia fetida; Gossypium hirsutum; transgenic plants; body weight; plant-incorporated protectants; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki; fecundity; fiber crops; cocoons; dietary exposure; crystal proteins; earthworms; nontarget organisms; pest resistance; adverse effects; leaves
Abstract:
... Transgenic insect-resistant cotton containing a synthetic version of the insecticidal toxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki has been planted in China in a large scale and may have adverse impacts on soil organisms. The leaves of the transgenic cotton and the non-transgenic parental cotton were collected and their impacts on the earthworm, Eisenia fetida, were tested in laboratory ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.06.004

30. Concentrations of selenium and mercury in eared grebes (Podiceps nigricollis) from Utah's great Salt Lake, USA

Author:
Conover, Michael R.; Vest, Josh L.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2009 v.28 no.6 pp. 1319-1323
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
selenium; mercury; Podiceps; water birds; water pollution; wildlife food habits; Artemia franciscana; dietary exposure; trophic relationships; liver; bioaccumulation; blood; body weight; Utah
Abstract:
... We examined selenium and mercury concentrations in eared grebes (Podiceps nigricollis) that spent the fall of 2006 on the Great Salt Lake (UT, USA), where their diet consisted mainly of brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana). Selenium concentrations in livers varied based on when the grebes were collected (lower in September [mean ± standard error, 9.4 ± 0.7 microgram/g dry wt] than in November [14.5 ...
DOI:
10.1897/08-494.1
PubMed:
19173549

31. Effects of combinations of ochratoxin A and T-2 toxin on immune function of yellow-feathered broiler chickens

Author:
Wang, G.H.; Xue, C.Y.; Chen, F.; Ma, Y.L.; Zhang, X.B.; Bi, Y.Z.; Cao, Y.C.
Source:
Poultry science 2009 v.88 no.3 pp. 504-510
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
broiler chickens; T-2 toxin; metabolism; dose response; mycotoxicosis; morphogenesis; immunosuppression; body weight; lymphocytes; poultry diseases; mixed infection; dosage; dietary exposure; disease resistance; immune response; feed intake; pathogenesis; ochratoxin A; enzyme activity; oral administration
Abstract:
... The study was to investigate the effects of combinations of ochratoxin A (OTA) and T-2 toxin on immune function of yellow-feathered broiler chickens. Three-hundred sixty 21-d-old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to 3 groups, each group consisting of 4 duplicates each with 30 chickens. The 3 groups were fed the following diets for 3 wk: C, basal diet (control, mycotoxin-free); L, basal diet ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps.2008-00329
PubMed:
19211518

32. Effects of dietary AflaDetox on performance, serum biochemistry, histopathological changes, and aflatoxin residues in broilers exposed to aflatoxin B₁

Author:
Denli, M.; Blandon, J.C.; Guynot, M.E.; Salado, S.; Perez, J.F.
Source:
Poultry science 2009 v.88 no.7 pp. 1444-1451
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
broiler chickens; dietary exposure; histopathology; aflatoxin B1; dosage; feed additives; adsorbents; diatomaceous earth; digestibility; energy intake; digestible energy; digestible protein; feed conversion; feed intake; liveweight gain; body weight; feed contamination; hepatotoxicity
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of AflaDetox (Adiveter, Agro-Reus, Reus, Tarragona, Spain) in counteracting the deleterious effects of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) in broiler chicks. A total of 120 Ross 308 one-day-old male broiler chicks were assigned to 8 treatments for 42 d. The experiment had a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments involving 0 and 1 mg of AFB₁/kg feed and 0, 1, 2, ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps.2008-00341

33. Occurrence of patulin and its dietary intake through apple juice consumption by the Spanish population

Author:
Murillo-Arbizu, María; Amézqueta, Susana; González-Peñas, Elena; de Cerain, Adela López
Source:
Food chemistry 2009 v.113 no.2 pp. 420-423
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
patulin; dietary exposure; apple juice; food contamination; food analysis; food composition; fungi; food intake; body weight; Spain
Abstract:
... A survey was conducted to determine levels and dietary intake of Patulin (PAT) from apple juices consumed in Spain. One hundred samples of apple juice were bought from distinct supermarkets. PAT was extracted by a liquid-liquid extraction technique and analysed with a micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method. 66% of the samples contained PAT over the limit of detection of the method (0 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.07.054

34. Acute oral safety study of dairy fat rich in trans-10 C18:1 versus vaccenic plus conjugated linoleic acid in rats

Author:
Anadón, Arturo; Martínez-Larrañaga, María R.; Martínez, María A.; Ares, Irma; Ramos, Eva; Gómez-Cortés, Pilar; Juárez, Manuela; Fuente, Miguel A. De la
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2010 v.48 no.2 pp. 591-598
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
dietary fat; milk fat; conjugated linoleic acid; vaccenic acid; trans fatty acids; acute toxicity; rats; animal models; fat intake; dietary exposure; pathophysiology; body weight
Abstract:
... The acute oral toxicity of a trans-10 C18:1-rich milk fat (T10, 20% of total FA), and a trans-11 C18:1 + cis-9 trans-11 C18:2-rich milk fat (T11-CLA, 14% and 4.8% of total FA, respectively) was studied in rats receiving a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight (BW). T10 and T11-CLA milk fats were well tolerated; no adverse effects or mortality were observed during the 2-week observation period ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2009.11.037
PubMed:
19932730

35. Health risk assessment on dietary exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Taiyuan, China

Author:
Xia, Zhonghuan; Duan, Xiaoli; Qiu, Weixun; Liu, Di; Wang, Bin; Tao, Shu; Jiang, Qiujing; Lu, Bin; Song, Yunxue; Hu, Xinxin
Source:
Science of the total environment 2010 v.408 no.22 pp. 5331-5337
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
adolescents; adults; body weight; carcinogenicity; children; dietary exposure; milk; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pork; risk; risk assessment; China
Abstract:
... Twenty-five kinds of seven categories of foods were sampled in December 2008 and the concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined. The highest level of total PAHs was detected in pork (195.30ng/g) whereas the lowest concentration was found in milk (8.73ng/g). The median values of B[a]P equivalent (B[a]Peq) daily exposure doses for children, adolescents, adults and s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.08.008
PubMed:
20800879

36. Monocrotophos induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage in rat tissues

Author:
Yaduvanshi, Santosh K.; Ojha, Anupama; Pant, Satish C.; Lomash, Vinay; Srivastava, Nalini
Source:
Pesticide biochemistry and physiology 2010 v.97 no.3 pp. 214-222
ISSN:
0048-3575
Subject:
DNA; DNA damage; body weight; brain; cytotoxicity; dietary exposure; gel electrophoresis; kidneys; lipid peroxidation; liver; monocrotophos; oxidative stress; pests; rats; spleen; thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances
Abstract:
... Monocrotophos (dimethyl(E)-1-methyl-2-(methyl carbamoyl) vinyl phosphate, MCP), a substituted vinyl phosphate, is a potent systemic toxicant and used for control of variety of pests. The present study is undertaken to evaluate the genotoxic potential of monocrotophos and time-dependent repair of the damaged DNA in rats, using single cell gel electrophoresis or comet assay. The involvement of oxida ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pestbp.2010.02.004

37. Safety assessment of N-acetyl-L-threonine

Author:
van de Mortel, E.L.M.; Shen, Z.A.; Barnett, J.F. Jr.; Krsmanovic, L.; Myhre, A.; Delaney, B.F.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2010 v.48 no.7 pp. 1919-1925
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
adverse effects; body weight; chemistry; coagulation; diet; dietary exposure; feed intake; foods; genotoxicity; hematology; mutagenicity; no observed adverse effect level; ophthalmology; oral administration; rats; risk; safety assessment; toxicology
Abstract:
... N-acetyl-l-threonine (NAT) is a dietary constituent that has been identified at low concentrations (<1 μg/g fresh weight) in numerous foods. The current paper reports the outcome of toxicology studies conducted to assess the effects of NAT. No evidence of mutagenicity or genotoxicity was observed in in vitro bacterial or in vivo mammalian studies. No mortalities or evidence of adverse effects were ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2010.04.035

38. Acute toxicity, histopathology, and coagulopathy in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) following administration of the rodenticide diphacinone

Author:
Rattner, Barnett A.; Horak, Katherine E.; Warner, Sarah E.; Day, Daniel D.; Meteyer, Carol U.; Volker, Steven F.; Eisemann, John D.; Johnston, John J.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2011 v.30 no.5 pp. 1213-1222
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
acute toxicity; histopathology; Falco sparverius; rodenticidal properties; dietary exposure; risk factors; anticoagulants; mortality; lethal dose; body weight; Colinus virginianus; Anas platyrhynchos; necropsy; hemorrhage; heart; liver; kidneys; lungs; intestines; skeletal muscle; half life; blood coagulation; prothrombin; oral administration; birds of prey; nontarget organisms; diphacinone
Abstract:
... The acute oral toxicity of the anticoagulant rodenticide diphacinone was found to be over 20 times greater in American kestrels (Falco sparverius; median lethal dose 96.8 mg/kg body weight) compared with Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). Modest evidence of internal bleeding was observed at necropsy, although histological examination of heart, liver, kidney, ...
Handle:
10113/49769
DOI:
10.1002/etc.490

39. Antidiarrheal activity, chemical and toxicity profile of Berberis aristata

Author:
Joshi, Padmaja V.; Shirkhedkar, Atul A.; Prakash, Krishnan; Maheshwari, Vijay L.
Source:
Pharmaceutical biology 2011 v.49 no.1 pp. 94-100
ISSN:
1388-0209
Subject:
Berberis aristata; Shigella; acute toxicity; antidiarrheal effect; bark; berberine; body weight; castor oil; charcoal; ciprofloxacin; diarrhea; dietary exposure; dose response; ethanol; high performance liquid chromatography; in vitro studies; infrared spectroscopy; intestines; lethal dose 50; maceration; mice; minimum inhibitory concentration; toxicity testing
Abstract:
... Context: This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antidiarrheal activity, oral acute toxicological profile, and developed a chemical fingerprint of Berberis aristata Linn. (Berberidaceae). Materials and methods: The ethanol (by maceration) and aqueous (by Soxhlet) extracts of Berberis aristata bark were used for the study. The study involved the antimicrobial (minimum inhibitory concentration ...
DOI:
10.3109/13880209.2010.500295

40. Assessment of PCDD/F, PCB, OCP and BPA dietary exposure of non-breast-fed European infants

Author:
M. Pandelova; R. Piccinelli; W. Levy Lopez; B. Henkelmann; J.M. Molina-Molina; J.P. Arrebola; N. Olea; C. Leclercq; K.-W. Schramm
Source:
Food additives & contaminants 2011 v.28 no.8 pp. 1110-1122
ISSN:
1944-0057
Subject:
European Union; acceptable daily intake; bioassays; bisphenol A; body weight; children; chlorination; dietary exposure; early development; infant foods; infants; organochlorine pesticides; polychlorinated biphenyls; polychlorinated dibenzodioxins; risk reduction; toxicity
Abstract:
... The aim of this study is to obtain data on the exposure of non-breast-fed infants to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), organochlorine pesticides (OCP), and bisphenol A (BPA) and its chlorinated derivatives through consumption of commercial infant foods with largest shares of the market in 22 European Union countries. The E-Screen bioassa ...
DOI:
10.1080/19440049.2011.583281
PubMed:
21707265

41. Dietary exposure of Hong Kong adults to nitrate and nitrite from vegetable intake

Author:
Melva Yung-yung Chen; Stephen Wai Cheung Chung; Jeff Chuong-hao Tran; Katherine Siu-kuen Tong; Yuk-yin Ho; Constance Hon-yee Chan; Ying Xiao
Source:
Food additives & contaminants 2011 v.4 no.2 pp. 94-98
ISSN:
1939-3229
Subject:
acceptable daily intake; adults; body weight; dietary exposure; vegetable consumption; vegetables; China
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to assess the dietary exposure of adults in Hong Kong to nitrate and nitrite from vegetables. If all vegetables consumed were raw, the dietary exposure to nitrate for average consumers was estimated to be 4.4 mg kg⁻¹ body weight (bw) day⁻¹ and, for high consumers, was estimated to be 13 mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹, which is about 120 and 350% of acceptable daily intake (ADI), respec ...
DOI:
10.1080/19393210.2011.574158
PubMed:
24785719

42. Dietary exposure of PBDEs resulting from a subsistence diet in three First Nation communities in the James Bay Region of Canada

Author:
Eric N. Liberda; Bruce C. Wainman; Alain LeBlanc; Pierre Dumas; Ian Martin; Leonard J.S. Tsuji
Source:
Environment international 2011 v.37 no.3 pp. 631-636
ISSN:
0160-4120
Subject:
First Nations; United States Environmental Protection Agency; adverse effects; bioaccumulation; blood plasma; body weight; diet; dietary exposure; ethers; fish; game fish; humans; industrialization; linear models; lowlands; meat; tissues; traditional foods; Hudson Bay; Ontario; Quebec; United States
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Concerns regarding the persistence, bioaccumulation, long-range transport, and adverse health effects of polybrominated dipheyl ethers (PBDEs) have recently come to light. PBDEs may potentially be of concern to indigenous (First Nations) people of Canada who subsist on traditional foods, but there is a paucity of information on this topic. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: To investigate whether ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envint.2010.12.008

43. Dietary exposure of rainbow trout to 8:2 and 10:2 fluorotelomer alcohols and perfluorooctanesulfonamide: Uptake, transformation and elimination

Author:
Sicco H. Brandsma; Marla Smithwick; Keith Solomon; Jeff Small; Jacob de Boer; Derek C.G. Muir
Source:
Chemosphere 2011 v.82 no.2 pp. 253-258
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Oncorhynchus mykiss; acids; alcohols; bioaccumulation; body weight; dietary exposure; excretion; feeds; half life; metabolism; perfluorocarbons; sulfonamides; sulfonates; trout
Abstract:
... The bioaccumulation of perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA) and two fluorotelomer alcohols (8:2 FTOH, 10:2 FTOH) by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) through dietary exposure, including depuration rates and metabolism was investigated. Concentrations in the spiked feed ranged from 10.9μgg⁻¹ wet weight (wet wt) for PFOSA and 6.7μgg⁻¹ wet wt for 8:2 FTOH to 5.0μgg⁻¹ wet wt for 10:2 FTOH. Trout was f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.09.050
PubMed:
20951402

44. Dietary sodium butyrate alleviates the oxidative stress induced by corticosterone exposure and improves meat quality in broiler chickens

Author:
W. H. Zhang; F. Gao; Q. F. Zhu; C. Li; Y. Jiang; S. F. Dai; G. H. Zhou
Source:
Poultry science 2011 v.90 no.11 pp. 2592-2599
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
acute exposure; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; body weight; breast meat; broiler chickens; butyrates; carcass characteristics; catalase; chicken meat; corn oil; corticosterone; diet; dietary exposure; enzyme activity; fatty acid composition; lipid peroxidation; malondialdehyde; meat composition; meat quality; metabolism; microencapsulation; muscles; oxidative stress; pH; saturated fatty acids; stress response; subcutaneous injection
Abstract:
... The present study was to investigate the effects of dietary microencapsulated sodium butyrate (SB) and acute pre-slaughter stress, mimicked by subcutaneous corticosterone (CORT) administration, on BW, carcass characteristics, muscle antioxidant status, and meat quality of broiler chickens. A total of 120 1-d-old broiler chickens were fed a control diet (without SB) or a 0.4-g microencapsulated SB/ ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps.2011-01446
PubMed:
22010246

45. Effects of Contact and Ingestion Exposure to Formulated CheckMate® LBAM-F and Unformulated LBAM Mating Pheromones on Adult Worker Honeybees, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Author:
Susan G. Monheit; Eric C. Mussen; Elizabeth A. Frost; Michael L. Johnson
Source:
Human and ecological risk assessment 2011 v.17 no.5 pp. 1095-1107
ISSN:
1549-7860
Subject:
Apis mellifera; Epiphyas postvittana; adults; adverse effects; analysis of variance; application rate; body weight; dietary exposure; ingestion; ingredients; microencapsulation; mortality; pheromones; toxicity testing; worker honey bees
Abstract:
... Acute 7-day toxicity tests evaluating adverse effects from contact and ingestion exposure to light brown apple moth (LBAM) pheromones and time-released microencapsulated LBAM pheromones in CheckMate® LBAM-F (Checkmate) were conducted on newly emerged honeybees (less than 24 h old). Contact studies exposed bees to 1× and 10× the CheckMate label application rate. Ingestion studies exposed bees to Ch ...
DOI:
10.1080/10807039.2011.605677

46. Evaluating the trophic transfer of selenium in aquatic ecosystems using caged fish, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and stable isotope analysis

Author:
James Phibbs; Eric Franz; Dominic Hauck; Maria Gallego; Justin J. Tse; Ingrid J. Pickering; Karsten Liber; David M. Janz
Source:
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2011 v.74 no.7 pp. 1855-1863
ISSN:
0147-6513
Subject:
Chironomus; X-radiation; absorption; bioaccumulation; body weight; cages; carbon; diet; dietary exposure; ecosystems; feed rations; fish; fish feeding; foods; lakes; methionine; nitrogen; selenium; spectroscopy; stable isotopes; sulfur; Saskatchewan
Abstract:
... This research evaluated the dominant exposure pathways with regard to the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of selenium (Se) in caged small-bodied fish inhabiting the receiving waters of a uranium-processing mill in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. A 21-day cage study was conducted using wild naïve lake chub (Couesius plumbeus) collected from a reference lake and caged in a reference and an expos ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.06.015

47. Exposure assessment and risk characterization of aflatoxin B1 in Malaysia

Author:
Yin-Hui Leong; Ahmad Rosma; Aishah A. Latiff; Nurul Izzah Ahmad
Source:
Mycotoxin research 2011 v.27 no.3 pp. 207-214
ISSN:
0178-7888
Subject:
aflatoxin B1; body weight; dietary exposure; exposure assessment; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; models; nuts; public health; risk characterization; risk management; Malaysia
Abstract:
... Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was detected in 57% of the nuts and nut products marketed in Penang, Malaysia using the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The contamination levels ranged from 0.40 to 222 μg/kg and 17 out of 128 samples (13.3%) contained AFB1 above the European Commission permitted level (2 μg/kg). Estimated dietary exposure of AFB1 in nuts and nut products were 0.36 ng per kg bod ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12550-011-0097-4
PubMed:
23605801

48. Ingested RNA interference for managing the populations of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata

Author:
Zhu, Fang; Xu, Jingjing; Palli, Roshan; Ferguson, Joseph; Palli, Subba R.
Source:
Pest management science 2011 v.67 no.2 pp. 175-182
ISSN:
1526-498X
Subject:
RNA interference; insect pests; body weight; genome; methodology; dietary exposure; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; double-stranded RNA; insect control; ingestion; mortality; bacteria
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: RNA interference (RNAi) is a breakthrough technology for conducting functional genomics studies and also as a potential tool for crop protection against insect pests. The major challenge for efficient pest control using RNAi in the field is the development of efficient and reliable methods for production and delivery of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). In this paper, the potential of feedi ...
DOI:
10.1002/ps.2048

49. Investigations on the Metabolism and Potentially Adverse Effects of Ethoxyquin Dimer, a Major Metabolite of the Synthetic Antioxidant Ethoxyquin in Salmon Muscle

Author:
R. Ornsrud; A. Arukwe; V. Bohne; N. Pavlikova; A. K. Lundebye
Source:
Journal of food protection 2011 v.74 no.9 pp. 1574-1580
ISSN:
0362-028X
Subject:
Salmo salar; adverse effects; antioxidants; biomarkers; body weight; dietary exposure; ethoxyquin; feed additives; feeds; fish fillets; gene expression; liver; males; messenger RNA; metabolism; metabolites; muscles; rats; renal function; subchronic exposure; toxicity
Abstract:
... The feed additive ethoxyquin (EQ) is a commonly used synthetic antioxidant preservative in animal feeds. In farmed Atlantic salmon fillets, EQ residues are present, both as the parent compound and as EQ derivatives. One of the main derivates in fish muscle is an ethoxyquin dimer (EQDM), and the potential toxicity of this metabolite is not known. The of this study was to evaluate the metabolism and ...
DOI:
10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-547

50. Safety evaluation of Algal Oil from Schizochytrium sp.

Author:
I. Fedorova-Dahms; P.A. Marone; E. Bailey-Hall; A.S. Ryan
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2011 v.49 no.1 pp. 70-77
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
Schizochytrium; adults; adverse effects; algal oils; body weight; chemistry; coagulation; diet study techniques; dietary exposure; food consumption; genes; genotoxicity; hematology; histiocytosis; humans; liver; menhaden oil; mutation; no observed adverse effect level; rats; surface area; tissues; toxicology; urinalysis
Abstract:
... The safety of Algal Oil from Schizochytrium sp. was evaluated by testing for gene mutations, clastogenicity and aneugenicity, and in a subchronic 90-day Sprague–Dawley rat dietary study. The results of all genotoxicity tests were negative. The 90-day study involved dietary exposure to 0.5, 1.5, and 5wt.% of Algal Oil and two control diets: a standard low-fat basal diet and a basal diet supplemente ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2010.09.033