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- Author:
- Sandstead, Harold H.; Allaway, William H.; Burau, Richard G.; Fulkerson, William; Laitinen, Herbert A.; Newberne, Paul M.; Pierce, James O.; Wixson, Bobby G.
- Source:
- Geochemistry and the environment : a report of the Workshop at Asilomar Conference Grounds Pacific Grove, California, February 7-12, 1972 under the auspices of the Subcommittee on the Geochemical Environment in Relation to Health and Disease, U.S. National Committee for Geochemistry, Division of Earth Sciences, National Research Council.-- pp. -
- Subject:
- in vivo studies; nutrient intake; zinc; lead; heavy metals; cadmium; dietary exposure; intestinal absorption; toxicity; United States
- Handle:
- 10113/48236
- Author:
- Sandstead, Harold H.; Doherty, Richard A.; Mahaffey, Kathryn
- Source:
- Reproductive and developmental toxicity of metals / edited by Thomas W. Clarkson, Gunnar F. Nordberg, and Polly R. Sager pp. -
- Subject:
- mercury; lead; food contamination; toxic substances; cadmium; human nutrition; human health; dietary exposure; neonates; trace elements
- Handle:
- 10113/46931
- Author:
- Finley, John W.; Johnson, Phyllis E.
- Source:
- Trace elements in laboratory rodents / edited by Ronald Ross Watson pp. -
- Subject:
- manganese; heavy metals; dietary minerals; nutrient deficiencies; nutrient excess; rodents; dietary exposure; toxicity; mineral metabolism; intestinal absorption; nutrient availability; animal models; guidelines; drinking water
- Handle:
- 10113/45632
- Author:
- Uthus, E.O.
- Source:
- Arsenic : exposure and health effects / edited by C.O. Abernathy, R.L. Calderon and W.R. Chappell pp. -
- Subject:
- hamsters; health effects assessments; mathematical models; weanlings; arsenic; males; metabolic detoxification; feces; dietary exposure; animal models; excretion
- Handle:
- 10113/47043
- Author:
- Wyatt, R.D.; Weeks, B.A.; Hamilton, P.B.; Burmeister, H.R.
- Source:
- Applied microbiology 1972 v.24 no.2 pp. 251-257
- ISSN:
- 0003-6919
- Subject:
- chickens; T-2 toxin; chemical concentration; Fusarium tricinctum; dose response; lesions (animal); mycotoxicosis; avirulent strains; mouth; dietary exposure; histopathology; bacteria
- Abstract:
- ... Fusariotoxin T-2 is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium tricinctum which was implicated in moldy corn toxicosis of farm animals. Graded concentrations of dietary fusariotoxin T-2 (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 mug/g, respectively) were given to groups of 40 chickens. Raised yellowish-white lesions on the mouth parts were produced by all concentrations, and the size of the lesions was dose-related. The growth ...
- Handle:
- 10113/30800
- PubMed:
- 4561104
- PubMed Central:
- PMC380590
- Author:
- Sandstead, Harold H.
- Source:
- Trace substances in environmental health; proceedings of the University of Missouri's Annual Conference on Trace Substances in Environmental Health 1973 v.6 pp. 223-236
- ISSN:
- 0361-5162
- Subject:
- adrenal cortex; whisky; glomerular filtration rate; adverse effects; pituitary gonadotropins; dietary exposure; toxicity; thyroid function; lead poisoning; alcohol abuse; iodine; Southeastern United States
- Handle:
- 10113/44456
- Author:
- Wyatt, R.D.; Colwell, W.M.; Hamilton, P.B.; Burmeister, H.R.
- Source:
- Applied microbiology 1973 v.26 no.5 pp. 757-761
- ISSN:
- 0003-6919
- Subject:
- chickens; T-2 toxin; chemical concentration; neurotoxicity; dose response; mycotoxicosis; reflexes; dietary exposure; nervous system; posture; seizures; wings
- Abstract:
- ... Graded concentrations of dietary T-2 toxin (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 mug/g) were fed to groups of 40 chickens. T-2 toxin was found to cause an abnormal positioning of the wings, hysteroid seizures, and impaired righting reflex in young chickens. The abnormal wing positioning occurred spontaneously or as the result of dropping from a height of 1 meter. The seizures could be elicited by rough handling ...
- Handle:
- 10113/30809
- PubMed:
- 4762395
- PubMed Central:
- PMC379897
- Author:
- Wyatt, R.D.; Hamilton, P.B.; Burmeister, H.R.
- Source:
- Poultry science 1975 v.54 no.4 pp. 1042-1045
- ISSN:
- 0032-5791
- Subject:
- Fusarium tricinctum; chickens; chicks; T-2 toxin; dietary exposure; chemical concentration; dose response; toxicity; adverse effects; feathers; mycotoxicosis
- Abstract:
- ... Dietary T-2 toxin (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 mug./g.) was fed to 4 groups of 10 chickens at each treatment level from hatching until 3 weeks of age. Growth inhibitory levels (4, 8, and 16 mug./g.) caused abnormal feathering which appeared dose related. The chickens were sparsely covered with short feathers protruding at odd angles in comparison to controls. There were few feathers on the base of the n ...
- Handle:
- 10113/29436
- DOI:
- 10.3382/ps.0541042
- PubMed:
- 1161696
- https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0541042
- Author:
- Sandstead, H.H.; Klevay, L.M.
- Source:
- Trace Element Geochemistry in Health & Disease / J. Freedman, ed 1975 pp. 73-81
- ISSN:
- 0072-1077
- Subject:
- epidemiological studies; health effects assessments; public health; zinc; nutrient-nutrient interactions; cadmium; dietary exposure; dietary minerals
- Abstract:
- ... INTRODUCTION Cadmium and zinc are chemically similar (Cotzias and others, 1961; Cotton and Wilkinson, 1966). They therefore compete with one another for a variety of ligands (Pulido and others, 1966a; Gunn and others, 1968). Because cadmium is considered to have only adverse effects in biological systems (Friberg and others, 1971) and zinc is an essential nutrient (Sandstead, 1973), the significan ...
- Handle:
- 10113/44821
- DOI:
- 10.1130/SPE155-p73
- https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE155-p73
- Author:
- Boonchuvit, B.; Hamilton, P.B.; Burmeister, H.R.
- Source:
- Poultry science 1975 v.54 no.5 pp. 1693-1696
- ISSN:
- 0032-5791
- Subject:
- chickens; T-2 toxin; bursa of Fabricius; mycotoxicosis; blood proteins; Salmonella; dietary exposure; salmonellosis; spleen; immune response; agglutinins; tissue weight; mortality
- Abstract:
- ... A significant (P less than 0.05) interaction resulting in increased mortality occurred in chickens fed T-2 toxin (16 mug./g. of diet) and infected with either Salmonella worthington, S. thompson, S. derby, or S. typhimurium var. copenhagen, all species that cause paratyphoid. No interaction on growth rate or relative size of the bursa of Fabricus occurred, although T-2 toxin alone caused a signifi ...
- Handle:
- 10113/29505
- DOI:
- 10.3382/ps.0541693
- PubMed:
- 1103111
- https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0541693
- Author:
- Doyle, J.J.; Bernhoft, R.A.; Sandstead, H.H.
- Source:
- Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine 1975 v.86 no.1 pp. 57-63
- ISSN:
- 0022-2143
- Subject:
- diastolic blood pressure; heavy metals; systolic blood pressure; dietary exposure; young animals; cadmium; sodium; water pollution; blood serum; feed conversion; body water; maximum permissible intake; potassium; sodium chloride; rats; drinking water; food intake; weight gain; dosage; gender differences; animal models; portal hypertension
- Abstract:
- ... The effects of 5 pg Cd per millilter of drinking water on body weight gain, food intake, systolic blood pressure, '24Na, '42K; and water retention and freference for NaCl solution in male and female rats were studied. After 205 days, Cd had no significant effect on weight gain, food intake, water intake, or feed efficiency. The'24Na retention of the Cd-fed male and female rats was greater at 161 d ...
- Handle:
- 10113/45184
- PubMed:
- 1151143
- Author:
- Harry A. Mills; Allen V. Barker; Donald N. Maynard
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1976 v.68 no.1 pp. 13-17
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- Raphanus sativus; ammonium nitrogen; ammonium sulfate; cultivars; dietary exposure; food intake; greenhouse production; human health; liming; nitrapyrin; nitrate nitrogen; nitrification; pH; pot culture; potassium nitrate; radishes; root growth; roots; shoots; soil; total nitrogen
- Abstract:
- ... Ingestion of NO₃-N in vegetables represents a major source of dietary intake of NO₃-N and is potentially hazardous to human health. Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), when cultured in a NO₃-rich medium accumulates substantial quantities of NO₃-N. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of a nitrification suppressor, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine (nitrapyrin), on NO₃-N accu ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1976.00021962006800010004x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1976.00021962006800010004x
- Author:
- Sandstead, H.H.; U.S. Agricultural Research Service
- Source:
- Advances in modern toxicology 1977 v.3 pp. 241-256
- Subject:
- lead; heavy metals; dietary exposure; vitamins; nutrients; cadmium; amino acids; antinutritional factors; mercury fungicides; phytic acid; dietary fiber; toxic substances; maximum permissible intake; fungicide residues; vegetable products; dietary protein; nutrient-nutrient interactions; pesticide persistence; dietary minerals
- Handle:
- 10113/44871
- Author:
- St Julian, G.; Bulla, L.A. Jr.; Detroy, R.W.
- Source:
- Journal of invertebrate pathology 1978 v.32 no.3 pp. 258-263
- ISSN:
- 0022-2011
- Subject:
- Popillia japonica; larvae; Paenibacillus popilliae; bacterial spores; storage conditions; frozen storage; dietary exposure; injection; chemical concentration; pathogenicity; infection; milky disease
- Abstract:
- ... Bacillus popilliae spores were stored for about 7 years under three separate conditions: frozen in sterile distilled water, smeared on glass microscope slides, and stored in loam soil at room temperature. In separate experiments, each of the 7-year-old preparations was fed to larvae of Popillia japonica Newm. at concentrations of 105, 105, 107 and 109 spores/g of soil. A significant decrease in th ...
- Handle:
- 10113/24180
- Author:
- Haliburton, J.C.; Vesonder, R.F.; Lock, T.F.; Buck, W.B.
- Source:
- Veterinary and human toxicology 1979 v.21 no.5 pp. 348-351
- ISSN:
- 0145-6269
- Subject:
- rabbits; etiology; liver; brain; Fusarium fujikuroi; chicks; asses; mycotoxins; dietary exposure; bioassays; encephalomalacia; toxicity; horse diseases; histopathology; signs and symptoms (animals and humans)
- Abstract:
- ... Signs and lesions characteristic of equine leucoencephalomalacia were produced in one of two donkeys given corn cultured with Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon. Gross and histopathologic lesions of the cerebrum included an extensive necrotic cavitation within one cerebral hemisphere, disruption and rarefication of the subcortical white matter, prominent perivascular hemorrhage, and some mononuclear cel ...
- Handle:
- 10113/25269
- PubMed:
- 516365
- Author:
- Burmeister, H.R.; Ciegler, A.; Vesonder, R.F.
- Source:
- Applied and environmental microbiology 1979 v.37 no.1 pp. 11-13
- ISSN:
- 0099-2240
- Subject:
- chickens; lethal dose 50; dermal exposure; Fusarium fujikuroi; corn; laboratory animals; mice; mycotoxins; dietary exposure; plant pathogenic fungi; skin tests; extraction; toxicity testing
- Abstract:
- ... Fusarium moniliforme NRRL 6322 produced about 600 mg of recoverable moniliformin, a mycotoxic metabolite, per kg of corn grit medium. The moniliformin was extracted from the grits with methanol, purified by preparative thin-layer chromatography, and crystallized from ether. The 50% lethal dose for chicken embryos was 2.8 μg per egg. For I-day-old chicks dosed with moniliformin by crop intubation a ...
- Handle:
- 10113/26489
- PubMed:
- 760629
- PubMed Central:
- PMC243395
- Author:
- P. Krogh; F. Elling; Chr. Friis; B. Hald; A. E. Larsen; E. B. Lilleh⊘j; A. Madsen; H. P. Mortensen; F. Rasmussen; U. Ravnskov
- Source:
- Veterinary pathology v.16 no.4 pp. 466-475
- ISSN:
- 1544-2217
- Subject:
- swine; ochratoxin A; dietary exposure; ochratoxicosis; kidney diseases; kidneys; tissue degeneration
- Abstract:
- ... Nine pigs were fed crystalline ochratoxin A in their feed at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg. Three pigs and their controls were killed after 3 months and 6 pigs and controls were killed after 2 years. A decrease of the ratio TmPAH/CIₙ, increased urinary glucose excretion and decreased ability to concentrate urine, occurred within a few weeks and aggravated slightly during the 2-year period. Chan ...
- Handle:
- 10113/24181
- DOI:
- 10.1177/030098587901600410
- PubMed:
- 452321
- https://doi.org/10.1177/030098587901600410
- Author:
- Huff, W.E.; Doerr, J.A.; Hamilton, P.B.; Hamann, D.D.; Peterson, R.E.; Giegler, A.
- Source:
- Applied and environmental microbiology 1980 v.40 no.1 pp. 102-107
- ISSN:
- 0099-2240
- Subject:
- chickens; dietary exposure; aflatoxins; ochratoxins; ochratoxicosis; aflatoxicosis; tibia; strength (mechanics); bone fractures
- Abstract:
- ... Young chickens were fed graded levels of aflatoxin (0, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 μg/g of diet) or ochratoxin (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 μg/g of diet), and the breaking strength, displacement before failure, and diameter of their tibias were determined. Breaking strength was decreased at growth inhibitory levels of aflatoxin (2.5 μg/g) and ochratoxin (2 μg/g), whereas a reduction in diam ...
- Handle:
- 10113/26953
- PubMed:
- 7406489
- PubMed Central:
- PMC291531
- Author:
- Sandstead, Harold H.
- Source:
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1980 v.355 pp. 282-284
- ISSN:
- 0077-8923
- Subject:
- heavy metals; toxic substances; nutrient-nutrient interactions; structure-activity relationships; zinc; picolinic acid; dietary exposure; in vitro studies; toxicity; mineral metabolism; intestinal absorption
- Handle:
- 10113/45193
20. Mouse bioassay for Fusarium metabolites: rejection or acceptance when dissolved in drinking water
- Author:
- Burmeister, H.R.; Vesonder, R.F.; Kwolek, W.F.
- Source:
- Applied and environmental microbiology 1980 v.39 no.5 pp. 957-961
- ISSN:
- 0099-2240
- Subject:
- Fusarium; metabolites; feed contamination; toxicity; mice; laboratory animals; bioassays; dietary exposure
- Abstract:
- ... Ten metabolites of Fusarium species (butenolide, diacetoxyscirpenol, equisetin, fusaric acid, gibberellic acid, moniliformin, NRRL 6227 peptide, T-2 toxin, vomitoxin, and zearalenone) were added to the drinking water of mice to determine whether they were consumed or refused. Of the 10, only the trichothecenes-diacetoxyscirpenol, T-2 toxin, and vomitoxin were refused. Refusal of 2 mg of the tricho ...
- Handle:
- 10113/26578
- PubMed:
- 7396486
- PubMed Central:
- PMC291458
- Author:
- Doerr, J.A.; Hamilton, P.B.; Burmeister, H.R.
- Source:
- Toxicology and applied pharmacology 1981 v.60 no.2 pp. 157-162
- ISSN:
- 0041-008X
- Subject:
- chickens; T-2 toxin; blood coagulation; young animals; dose response; mycotoxicosis; blood coagulation disorders; prothrombin; fibrinogen; dietary exposure; thromboplastin
- Abstract:
- ... Recent reports have suggested that T-2 toxicosis may be a contributing factor in hemorrhagic manifestations such as alimentary toxic aleukia in man and hemorrhagic anemia syndrome and general clotting dysfunction in animals. The present communication describes the effect of graded levels of dietary T-2 toxin (0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 μg/g) on the activities of tissue thromboplastin, coagulation Factor ...
- Handle:
- 10113/28614
- PubMed:
- 7281181
- Author:
- Allen, N.K.; Burmeister, H.R.; Weaver, G.A.; Mirocha, C.J.
- Source:
- Poultry science 1981 v.60 no.7 pp. 1415-1417
- ISSN:
- 0032-5791
- Subject:
- broiler chickens; dose response; mycotoxicosis; intravenous injection; lethal dose 50; acute toxicity; Fusarium fujikuroi; liveweight gain; mycotoxins; dietary exposure; feed intake; chicks; mortality; signs and symptoms (animals and humans)
- Abstract:
- ... Moniliformin (1-hydroxy-cyclobut-1-ene-3,4-dione), either purified (0, 8, and 16 mg/kg of diet) or from culture of Fusarium moniliforme strain NRRL 6322 on corn grits (8, 16, and 64 mg/kg of diet) was fed to growing broiler chicks from 1 to 21 days of age. Up to 16 mg moniliformin/kg of diet from either source was without effect on chick weight gain, feed consumption, and mortality. Chicks fed 64 ...
- Handle:
- 10113/28252
- DOI:
- 10.3382/ps.0601415
- PubMed:
- 7322970
- https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0601415
- Author:
- Hoerr, F.J.; Carlton, W.W.; Tuite, J.; Vesonder, R.F.; Rohwedder, W.K.; Szigeti, G.
- Source:
- Avian pathology 1982 v.11 no.3 pp. 385-405
- ISSN:
- 0307-9457
- Subject:
- broiler chickens; T-2 toxin; chemical concentration; lesions (animal); acute toxicity; mycotoxicosis; dietary exposure; lethal dose; Fusarium sporotrichioides; mortality; neosolaniol
- Abstract:
- ... Fusarium sporotrichiella var. sporotrichioides (Bilay), cultured on . sterilised popcorn at 23 degrees C and then at 8 degrees C, 16 degrees C and 23 degrees C and fed as 50% of the diet, was lethal to 7-day-old male broiler chickens. The 8 degrees C culture, containing T-2 toxin at 50 parts per million (ppm) and neosolaniol at 5 ppm, was given as whole culture at dietary concentrations of 10%, 5% ...
- Handle:
- 10113/27091
- DOI:
- 10.1080/03079458208436113
- PubMed:
- 18770204
- https://doi.org/10.1080/03079458208436113
- Author:
- Long, G.G.; Diekman, M.A.; Tuite, J.F.; Shannon, G.M.; Vesonder, R.F.
- Source:
- Veterinary research communications 1983 v.6 no.3 pp. 199-204
- ISSN:
- 0165-7380
- Subject:
- gilts; hormone secretion; deoxynivalenol; corn; progesterone; pregnancy; dietary exposure; feed contamination; zearalenone; luteinizing hormone; toxicity; estrous cycle; Fusarium sambucinum; molds (fungi); embryonic mortality
- Abstract:
- ... A laboratory produced corn culture of Fusarium roseum (Gibberella zea) was fed as 10% of the total diet to bred and non-bred gilts on days 7-17 postestrus. The corn culture contained both zearalenone and deoxynivalenol by analysis, and caused considerable feed refusal. Although 6 of 10 bred gilts fed the corn culture appeared to be pregnant by ultrasound testing between days 40-50 post-breeding, n ...
- Handle:
- 10113/26234
- PubMed:
- 6224344
- Author:
- Richard, J.L.; Pier, A.C.; Stubblefield, R.D.; Shotwell, O.L.; Lyon, R.L.
- Source:
- American journal of veterinary research 1983 v.44 no.7 pp. 1294-1299
- ISSN:
- 0002-9645
- Subject:
- steers; corn; feed contamination; aflatoxin B1; aflatoxin M1; dietary exposure; feed conversion; liveweight gain; immune response; tissue analysis; chemical residues; histopathology
- Abstract:
- ... Two of 3 groups of Holstein-Friesian steers (groups II and III; n = 5 each) were fed a ration containing corn naturally contaminated with 800 ng of aflatoxin/g. The other group of steers (group I; n = 5) was fed a ration containing noncontaminated corn. The respective rations were fed for 17.5 weeks, except the ration given to group III; the latter's first diet (contaminated with aflatoxin) was ch ...
- Handle:
- 10113/28382
- PubMed:
- 6410945
- Author:
- John A. Bleiler; Gerald A. Rosenthal; Daniel H. Janzen
- Source:
- Ecology 1988 v.69 no.2 pp. 427-433
- ISSN:
- 0012-9658
- Subject:
- Coleoptera; arginine; canavanine; dietary exposure; granivores; insects; larvae; seeds; toxicity; Costa Rica
- Abstract:
- ... L—canavanine, a nonprotien amino acid structurally similar to L—arginine, is potentially toxic to many insects. In northwestern Guanacaste Province in Costa Rica, most insect seed predators do not feed on seeds that contain canavanine. However, several larval Coleoptera have become specialists on canavanine—containing seeds. Three of these beetles were compared with a number of other insects with ...
- DOI:
- 10.2307/1940441
- https://doi.org/10.2307/1940441
- Author:
- G.D. Campbell
- Source:
- Nutrition and health v.7 no.1 pp. 21-33
- ISSN:
- 0260-1060
- Subject:
- boiling; dietary exposure; fungi; gastric acid; grains; mycotoxicosis; mycotoxins; patients; subsistence farming; virulence; water content
- Abstract:
- ... Over hundreds of years, huge losses of human life have resulted from the ingestion of plant mycotoxins. These virulent. toxins are manufactured at times by certain fungi which speedily infest cereals stored at moisture levels of more than 15%, a situation that is very common in subsistence farming. As these toxins can withstand both boiling, and gastric acid and they can pass the placental barrier ...
- DOI:
- 10.1177/026010609000700104
- https://doi.org/10.1177/026010609000700104
- Author:
- S. Slorach; L. Jorhem; W. Becker
- Source:
- Chemical speciation and bioavailability 1991 v.3 no.3-4 pp. 13-16
- ISSN:
- 0954-2299
- Subject:
- adults; balance sheet; body weight; breast feeding; breast milk; cadmium; diet study techniques; dietary exposure; feces; females; foods; infants; lead; males; markets; women; Sweden
- Abstract:
- ... A duplicate diet study on male and female pensioners in 1970–71 showed mean daily dietary lead intakes of 30 μg and 19 μg respectively. The corresponding cadmium intakes were 10.5μg and 12.9 μg. Analysis of duplicate diets collected during seven consecutive 24-hour periods from 15 women in Stockholm in 1988 showed a mean daily lead intake of 26 μg (range 13–40 μg). The corresponding cadmium intake ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/09542299.1991.11083148
- https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.1991.11083148
- Author:
- Maja Blanuša; Krista Kostial
- Source:
- Chemical speciation and bioavailability 1991 v.3 no.3-4 pp. 17-20
- ISSN:
- 0954-2299
- Subject:
- blood; cadmium; calcium; chronic exposure; cities; copper; developed countries; dietary exposure; foods; gasoline; iron; lead; manganese; metabolism; monitoring; peasantry; smelters; soil; teeth; urban population; vegetables; women; zinc; Sweden; Yugoslavia
- Abstract:
- ... Lead exposure still represents a matter of health concern especially in Yugoslavia. To assess the exposure of normal urban population to lead and cadmium through food, a preliminary monitoring was performed on a small group of urban population. Lead, cadmium and some essential elements (calcium, zinc, iron, copper and manganese) were analysed in collected duplicate diet samples and compared to sim ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/09542299.1991.11083149
- https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.1991.11083149
- Author:
- Joseph H. Graziano; Vesna Slavkovic; Conrad Blum
- Source:
- Chemical speciation and bioavailability 1991 v.3 no.3-4 pp. 81-85
- ISSN:
- 0954-2299
- Subject:
- apple juice; dietary exposure; feeding bottles; infant formulas; lead; port wines; white wines
- Abstract:
- ... We have examined the potential of alcoholic beverages to elute Pb from crystal wine decanters and glasses. Port wine containing 89 Pb L⁻¹ was aliquoted into three lead crystal wine decanters. The wine Pb content rose steadily to a mean of 3,518 μg L⁻¹ after 4 months. We then analyzed wines and liquors which had been stored in crystal decanters in the homes of our colleagues for periods of six mont ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/09542299.1991.11083159
- https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.1991.11083159
- Author:
- Huang, Xin Pei; Renwick, J.A.A.
- Source:
- Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1995 v.76 no.3 pp. 295-302
- ISSN:
- 0013-8703
- Subject:
- Brassica oleracea; Nasturtium; Pieris rapae; Tropaeolum majus; allelochemicals; antifeedants; cabbage; chemical composition; chlorogenic acid; diet; dietary exposure; digitoxigenin; digitoxin; habituation; host plants; insects; instars; laboratory experimentation; larvae; leaves; neonates; rearing; rutin; wheat germ
- Abstract:
- ... Sensitivity of the cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae L. to feeding deterrents was compared for larvae reared on different food sources under laboratory conditions. Since cabbage-reared larvae normally reject nasturtium, Tropaeolum majus L., the effects of previous exposure to allelochemicals on larval acceptance or rejection of this plant were also examined. When compared with cabbage-reared larvae, ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/j.1570-7458.1995.tb01973.x
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1995.tb01973.x
- Author:
- Reeves, Philip G.; Vanderpool, Richard A.
- Source:
- Environmental health perspectives EHP 1997 v.105 no.10 pp. 1098-1103
- ISSN:
- 1552-9924
- Subject:
- health effects assessments; men; sweets; soil pollution; women; sunflower seed; heavy metals; blood serum; urine; cadmium; erythrocytes; dietary exposure; dietary nutrient sources; maximum permissible intake; Great Plains region
- Abstract:
- ... Because of inherent genetic and physiological characteristics, the natural concentration of cadmium in the kernels of sunflowers grown in uncontaminated soils of the northern Great Plains region of the United States is higher than in most other grains. We tested the hypothesis that a habitual consumption of sunflower kernels will increase the body burden and health effects of cadmium in humans. Si ...
- Handle:
- 10113/45216
- Author:
- Quintela, E.D.; McCoy, C.W.
- Source:
- Journal of economic entomology 1997 v.90 no.4 pp. 988-995
- ISSN:
- 0022-0493
- Subject:
- application rate; roots; nutrition; dietary exposure; soil treatment; imidacloprid; Diaprepes abbreviatus; larvae; biological development; ecdysis; mortality
- Abstract:
- ... The effect of imidacloprid on mortality and ecdysis of 1st instars of Diaprepes abbreviatus L. was determined using contact and oral exposure bioassays. The effect of contact exposure to imidacloprid on 1st-instar mobility was determined with and without a soil substrate. Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine possible systemic effects of different rates of imidacloprid applied as a soil d ...
- DOI:
- 10.1093/jee/90.4.988
- https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/90.4.988
- Author:
- Fornstrom, C.B.; Landrum, P.F.; Weisskopf, C.P.; La Point, T.W.
- Source:
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1997 v.16 no.12 pp. 2514-2520
- ISSN:
- 0730-7268
- Subject:
- Procambarus clarkii; acetylcholinesterase; agricultural runoff; aquatic ecosystems; bioavailability; crayfish; dietary exposure; food intoxication; gills; ingestion; juveniles; lethal concentration 50; mortality; rain; sediment contamination; sediments; terbufos
- Abstract:
- ... During rain events, terbufos may be transported into aquatic ecosystems via agricultural runoff. Because crayfish are closely associated with sediment, they may be exposed to aqueous terbufos through the gills or by ingesting contaminated sediment, detritus, or plants. Bioavailability of terbufos in food and toxicity of terbufos to crayfish were examined by measuring mortality and acetylcholineste ...
- DOI:
- 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<2514:EOTOJR>2.3.CO;2
- https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<2514:EOTOJR>2.3.CO;2
- Author:
- Munns, W.R. Jr.; Black, D.E.; Gleason, T.R.; Salomon, K.; Bengtson, D.; Gutjahr-Gobell, R.
- Source:
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1997 v.16 no.5 pp. 1074-1081
- ISSN:
- 0730-7268
- Subject:
- Fundulus heteroclitus; United States Environmental Protection Agency; adults; dietary exposure; dose response; ecosystems; estuarine fish; liver; models; polychlorinated biphenyls; population growth; reproduction; risk; survival rate; tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; toxicity; Massachusetts
- Abstract:
- ... The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is reevaluating the risks associated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs). Most information currently available concerning CHC toxic action and biological effects focuses on the responses of individual organisms, as opposed to the potential impacts of CHCs on populations, communities, or ecosystems. In s ...
- DOI:
- 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1074:EOTEOD>2.3.CO;2
- https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1074:EOTEOD>2.3.CO;2
36. Experimentally Induced Selenosis of Adult Mallard Ducks: Clinical Signs, Lesions, and Toxicology
- Author:
- D. O'Toole; M. F. Raisbeck
- Source:
- Veterinary pathology v.34 no.4 pp. 330-340
- ISSN:
- 1544-2217
- Subject:
- Anas platyrhynchos; Kupffer cells; adults; alopecia; animal pathology; beak; bile ducts; blood; chemical analysis; diet; dietary exposure; ducks; emaciation; epithelium; feathers; hepatocytes; hyperkeratosis; inflammation; keratin; keratinocytes; kidneys; liver; males; necrosis; sclerosis; selenium; selenomethionine; selenosis; toxicology; waterfowl; wetlands; Western United States
- Abstract:
- ... Selenosis is thought to be a significant problem among waterfowl populations in selenium-contaminated wetlands in the western United States. Chemical analysis of avian tissues is currently the principal basis for diagnosis. The purpose of these two 150-day studies was to establish whether morphological criteria for selenosis could be developed to supplement chemical analysis. Forty-eight flightlin ...
- DOI:
- 10.1177/030098589703400409
- PubMed:
- 9240842
- https://doi.org/10.1177/030098589703400409
- Author:
- Meyn, O.; Zeeman, M.; Wise, M.J.; Keane, S.E.
- Source:
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1997 v.16 no.9 pp. 1789-1801
- ISSN:
- 0730-7268
- Subject:
- Monte Carlo method; adults; birds; dietary exposure; models; parameter uncertainty; pharmacokinetics; pulp and paper mills; pulp and paper sludge; risk; risk estimate; shrews; soil treatment; tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; wildlife
- Abstract:
- ... A risk assessment was performed to evaluate the potential effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in land-applied pulp and paper mill sludge on terrestrial wildlife. Three representative bird and mammal species were assessed for potential individual risk of adverse effects. A dietary model was used to estimate TCDD exposures of adult birds and mammals, and a pharmacokinetic model was ...
- DOI:
- 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1789:TWRAFT>2.3.CO;2
- https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1789:TWRAFT>2.3.CO;2
- Author:
- Safe, S.H.; Gaido, K.
- Source:
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1998 v.17 no.1 pp. 119-126
- ISSN:
- 0730-7268
- Subject:
- agonists; bisphenol A; blood proteins; blood serum; diet; dietary exposure; estrogen receptors; estrogenic properties; estrogens; flavonoids; humans; organochlorine pesticides; pharmacokinetics; phthalates; plant estrogens; polychlorinated biphenyls; retinoic acid; xenoestrogens
- Abstract:
- ... The human diet contains a diverse spectrum of endogenous chemicals that exhibit either direct or indirect hormonal activity. These include natural compounds that bind the estrogen, androgen, aryl hydrocarbon, retinoic acid, and retinoic X receptors. In addition, several studies have identified a large number of chemical contaminants that exhibit estrogenic activity (xenoestrogens), and humans are ...
- DOI:
- 10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<0119:PAAEC>2.3.CO;2
- https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<0119:PAAEC>2.3.CO;2
- Author:
- Salama, A.A.; Mohamed, M.A.M.; Duval, B.; Potter, T.L.; Levin, R.E.
- Source:
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1998 v.46 no.4 pp. 1359-1362
- ISSN:
- 0021-8561
- Subject:
- Pomatomus; polychlorinated biphenyls; dietary exposure; cooking; raw fish
- Abstract:
- ... Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured before and after fillets of six bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) were cooked. Six cooking treatments were used with one fish per treatment. PCB concentrations ranged between 0.114 and 0.748 mg/kg in raw fish and between 0.102 and 0.315 mg/kg in cooked fish. The average for the raw fish was 0.31 and for the cooked fish was 0.19 mg/kg. PCB concentrations ...
- DOI:
- 10.1021/jf9707142
- https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9707142
- Author:
- Tietge, J.E.; Johnson, R.D.; Jensen, K.M.; Cook, P.M.; Elonen, G.E.; Fernandez, J.D.; Holcombe, G.W.; Lothenbach, D.B.; Nichols, J.W.
- Source:
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1998 v.17 no.12 pp. 2395-2407
- ISSN:
- 0730-7268
- Subject:
- Salvelinus fontinalis; adults; blood; diet; dietary exposure; egg production; eggs; lipids; liver; muscles; ovulation; reproductive toxicology; spawning; tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; trout
- Abstract:
- ... Adult brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) with a contaminated trout pellet diet to determine the effects of TCDD on reproduction, to document tissue-specific TCDD distribution, and to establish the maternally derived dose of TCDD to the F1 generation. Five treatment groups and a control were exposed to achieve targeted whole body TCDD conc ...
- DOI:
- 10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<2395:RTADOT>2.3.CO;2
- https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<2395:RTADOT>2.3.CO;2
- Author:
- M. K. Morgan; S. J. Bursian; G. E. Rottinghaus; G. A. Bennett; J. A. Render; R. J. Aulerich
- Source:
- Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 1998 v.35 no.3 pp. 513-517
- ISSN:
- 0090-4341
- Subject:
- Fusarium fujikuroi; Neovison vison; adults; adverse effects; birth weight; blood serum; breeding season; diet; dietary exposure; feed intake; females; fungi; heart; hematologic tests; liver; lungs; mink; mycotoxins; necropsy; neonatal mortality; progeny; tissues; toxicity
- Abstract:
- ... This study was conducted to ascertain the subacute and reproductive effects in mink (Mustela vison) resulting from exposure to moniliformin, a toxic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi. In a preliminary trial, adult mink were presented diets that contained targeted concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, or 240 ppm moniliformin provided by F. fujikuroi culture material (M-1214). The mink fed diets ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s002449900410
- PubMed:
- 9732485
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900410
- Author:
- Johnson, R.D.; Tietge, J.E.; Jensen, K.M.; Fernandez, J.D.; Linnum, A.L.; Lothenbach, D.B.; Holcombe, G.W.; Cook, P.M.; Christ, S.A.; Lattier, D.L.
- Source:
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1998 v.17 no.12 pp. 2408-2421
- ISSN:
- 0730-7268
- Subject:
- Salvelinus fontinalis; alevins; blood vessels; dietary exposure; dose response; edema; eggs; hatching; juveniles; kidneys; lipid content; liver; messenger RNA; mortality; nerve tissue; neuromasts; sex ratio; spawning; swim bladder; tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; toxicity; vertebrae
- Abstract:
- ... The toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to the early life stages of F1 generation brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) was determined, when dosed by maternal transfer. Effects were compared across six treatments, including a control. The experimental groups, based on TCDD concentrations in freshly spawned eggs (control, 41, 84, 156, 285, and 517 pg TCDD per gram egg [wet weight]) ...
- DOI:
- 10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<2408:TOTPDT>2.3.CO;2
- https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<2408:TOTPDT>2.3.CO;2
- Author:
- Wang, W.X.; Fisher, N.S.
- Source:
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1999 v.18 no.9 pp. 2034-2045
- ISSN:
- 0730-7268
- Subject:
- aquatic invertebrates; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; dietary exposure; digestive physiology; digestive system; food chain; food contamination; foods; metals; prediction; radiolabeling; sediments; sulfides
- Abstract:
- ... Assimilation efficiencies of contaminants from ingested food are critical for understanding chemical accumulation and trophic transfer in aquatic invertebrates. Assimilation efficiency is a first-order physiological parameter that can be used to systematically compare the bioavailability of different contaminants from different foods. The various techniques used to measure contaminant assimilation ...
- DOI:
- 10.1897/1551-5028(1999)018<2034:AEOCCI>2.3.CO;2
- https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1999)018<2034:AEOCCI>2.3.CO;2
- Author:
- Reeves, Philip G.; Nielsen, Emily J.; Vanderpool, Richard A.
- Source:
- Proceedings / Sunflower Research Workshop 1999 no.21 pp. 46-55
- Subject:
- sunflower seed; cadmium; heavy metals; dietary exposure; chronic exposure; volunteers; adverse effects; nephrotoxicity; soil pollution; Helianthus annuus; kidneys
- Handle:
- 10113/47900
- Author:
- Caslin, T.M.; Wolff, J.O.
- Source:
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1999 v.18 no.7 pp. 1529-1533
- ISSN:
- 0730-7268
- Subject:
- Microtus; adverse effects; application rate; demography; dietary exposure; females; field experimentation; juveniles; males; metabolites; mice; population growth; rats; seminal vesicles; sex ratio; testes; testosterone; toxicity; vinclozolin; voles; washing; wet season
- Abstract:
- ... We tested the hypothesis that vinclozolin, a fungicide that has been demonstrated in the laboratory to disrupt hormonal activity of rats and mice, would have adverse effects on a field population of voles. We conducted two field experiments to determine whether exposure to vinclozolin following a standard application rate of Curalan fungicide had adverse effects on the reproductive development and ...
- DOI:
- 10.1897/1551-5028(1999)018<1529:IADROT>2.3.CO;2
- https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1999)018<1529:IADROT>2.3.CO;2
- Author:
- Will, R.G.; Ironside, J.W.
- Source:
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1999 v.96 no.9 pp. 4738
- ISSN:
- 0027-8424
- Subject:
- disease transmission; zoo animals; pathogenicity; foodborne illness; bovine spongiform encephalopathy; dietary exposure; Primates; prions
- DOI:
- 10.1073/pnas.96.9.4738
- PubMed:
- 10220359
- PubMed Central:
- PMC33563
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.9.4738
- Author:
- K. F. Cardwell
- Source:
- Food and nutrition bulletin v.21 no.4 pp. 488-492
- ISSN:
- 0379-5721
- Subject:
- aflatoxins; antinutritional factors; biomedical research; children; corn; deoxynivalenol; developing countries; diet; dietary exposure; feeds; food contamination; foods; human health; immunotoxicity; monitoring; pest management; public health; research and development; tropical agriculture; young animals; zearalenone; Central Africa
- Abstract:
- ... Mycotoxins are regulated in foods and feeds because of carcinogenic (aflatoxin), immunotoxic (deoxynivalenol), or environmental estrogenic (zearalenone) properties. In addition to having tumorigenic properties, many mycotoxins are antinutritional factors that cause unthrifty growth and immune suppression in young animals. In the developed world, human exposure, and particularly exposure of childre ...
- DOI:
- 10.1177/156482650002100427
- https://doi.org/10.1177/156482650002100427
- Author:
- A. Nazir; I. Mukhopadhyay; D. K. Saxena; D. Kar Chowdhuri
- Source:
- Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2001 v.41 no.4 pp. 443-449
- ISSN:
- 0090-4341
- Subject:
- Drosophila melanogaster; adverse effects; brain; chemical concentration; chlorpyrifos; cytotoxicity; dietary exposure; embryonic mortality; exposure duration; fecundity; ganglia; larvae; midgut; proventriculus; reproductive performance; salivary glands; survival rate
- Abstract:
- ... Expression of hsp70 in the third-instar larval tissues of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ) following dietary exposure to organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos for various time intervals was investigated. Effect of the chemical on different developmental stages of the fly was also evaluated by looking at survivorship, hatchability, emergence, fecundity, fertility, and reproductive ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s002440010270
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s002440010270
- Author:
- Strobel, S.
- Source:
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2001 v.60 no.4 pp. 437-442
- ISSN:
- 0029-6651
- Subject:
- antigens; apoptosis; autoimmune diseases; breast milk; clinical trials; delayed hypersensitivity; dietary exposure; feeds; gastrointestinal system; genetic background; immunity; inflammation; interleukin-10; models; rodents; viral diseases of animals and humans; viruses
- Abstract:
- ... There is good clinical and experimental evidence that oral tolerance exists in man and that the timing of antigen (food) administration is an important factor in the development of food allergic sensitisation and disease. Induction of tolerance is often seen as a T-helper 2-skewed response, which on one side may prevent harmful mucosal immune reactions, but on the other side may contribute to adve ...
- DOI:
- 10.1079/PNS2001119
- PubMed:
- 12069395
- https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS2001119
- Author:
- G. Barry Baker; Rosemary Gales; Sheryl Hamilton; Victoria Wilkinson
- Source:
- Emu 2002 v.102 no.1 pp. 71-97
- ISSN:
- 1448-5540
- Subject:
- Procellariidae; animal competition; breeding; bycatch; deglutition; dietary exposure; foraging; habitats; herbivores; ingestion; interspecific competition; marine debris; marine environment; mortality; nesting; nests; overfishing; parasites; pollutants; predation; prey species; reproductive success; seabirds; ships; wildlife management; Australia
- Abstract:
- ... Significant declines in many of the world's albatross and petrel populations, linked to the high mortality of birds as bycatch in fishing operations, have elevated their plight to the top of the international marine conservation agenda. We review available information on Australia's Procellariiformes, with respect to their conservation biology and management in the region. Procellariiformes face a ...
- DOI:
- 10.1071/MU01036
- https://doi.org/10.1071/MU01036