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... Fusarium graminearum and Zymoseptoria tritici cause economically important diseases of wheat. F. graminearum is one of the primary causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Z. tritici is the causal agent of Septoria tritici blotch (STB). Alternative control methods are required in the face of fungicide resistance and EU legislation which seek to cut pesticide use by 2030. Both fungal pathoge ...
... Screening for microorganisms with antagonistic activity against crop pathogens is essential for microbial antagonist preparation, crop disease control, and sustainable agricultural development. This study established a rapid, efficient, one-step high-throughput method for screening endophytic bacteria displaying antagonistic activity against Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) ACCC36020 in rice seeds. ...
... Dextran has emerged as a promising biopolymer carrier for controlled release formulations of pesticides. In this study, pH-sensitive acetalated dextran microparticles (Pyr@Ac-Dex) are prepared to encapsulate and control the release of pyraclostrobin (Pyr). In vitro fungicidal activity experiments showed that the prepared Pyr@Ac-Dex particles show comparable fungicidal ability against S. sclerotior ...
... The aim of this work has been to prevent the growth of Penicillium expansum on the surface of apples by means of the use of biocontrol agents in combination with edible coatings. For that, Metschnikowia pulcherrima yeast isolated from wild apples was incorporated in edible film matrices based on pectins, cellulose ethers with and without the addition of liquid culture medium (yeast extract and glu ...
... Endophytes can induce the defence responses and modulates physiological attributes in host plants during pathogen attacks. In the present study, 127 bacterial endophytes (BEs) were isolated from different parts of healthy soybean plant. Among them, two BEs (M-2 and M-4) resulted a significant antagonistic property against Macrophomina phaseolina, causes charcoal rot disease in soybean. The antagon ...
... A preparation development, which stimulates plant growth under normal and saline conditions, and protects against fungal infections, would increase crop yields and reduce damage in agriculture. This study was conducted using bacterial isolates from rape rhizosphere as a plant growth promoter and an alternative to chemical fertilizers. Three from fifty bacterial isolates: B14 (Pseudomonas sp.), B16 ...
... Seed-borne pathogens reduce the quality and cause infections at various growth stages of horticultural crops. Some of the best-known are fungi of genus Alternaria, that cause destructive vegetable and other crop diseases, resulting in significant yield losses. Over several years, much attention has been paid to environmentally-friendly solutions for horticultural disease management regarding the e ...
... Diseases arising during fruit conservation are one of the main constraints to their marketing and consumption, with negative economic repercussions besides increasing food waste. Apple is globally one of the most important, among fruit crops, and its main post-harvest diseases are fungal rots, like blue mold caused by the fungus Penicillium expansum Link, accounting for up to 20% of apple producti ...
... Fresh-market tomatoes are produced on a raised-bed plasticulture system that relies heavily on soil-applied preplant fumigants for the management of soilborne pathogens, nematodes, and weeds. Since the transition from methyl bromide to alternative fumigants, growers have experienced a resurgence of several soilborne pests and pathogens, including root-knot nematode caused by Meloidogyne spp. and F ...
... Induced resistance by elicitors is considered to be an eco-friendly strategy to stimulate plant defence against pathogen attack. Thiamine (vitamin B1, VB1) can act as a plant defence trigger or priming agent, leading to a rapid counterattack on pathogen invasion, but the underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, the priming effect of thiamine on toba ...
... Mycogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced by some biocontrol agents have shown the ability to inhibit the growth of numerous plant pathogenic fungi, which may be a unique method of disease management. This study describes the extracellular production of AgNPs by Trichoderma harzianum. The size, shape, charge, and composition of the AgNPs were subsequently studied by UV-visible spectroscopy, ...
... Macrophomina phaseolina, is widely considered to be amongst the most important threatening fungal pathogen of over 750 plant species including mungbean. Synthetic chemical fungicides are not an appropriate option due to the robust nature of the fungal sclerotia. Zinc (Zn) is indispensable for the healthy development of plants, nontoxic in appropriate amount and display a broad-spectrum of strong a ...
... The fungicide pyraclostrobin is highly toxic to aquatic organisms. Microencapsulation is an effective way to reduce the exposure of pyraclostrobin to aquatic organisms but it also reduces the contact probability between the fungicide and plant pathogens. Hence, winning a balance between the toxicity and bioactivity of pyraclostrobin is very necessary. In this study, triethylenetetramine (TETA), et ...
... Organic berry plantations have been gaining popularity among farmers during recent years. Even so, farmers experience serious challenges in disease control management, which is a concern in organic farming. Phragmidium rubi-idaei (DC) P. Karst is the pathogen responsible for blackberry and raspberry rust disease, one of the most present and active diseases in plantations. The antifungal certified ...
... Pulse crops such as chickpeas, lentils, and dry peas are grown widely for human and animal consumption. Major yield- and quality-limiting constraints include diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes. The environmental and health concerns of synthetic fungicides used for disease management, emergence of fungicide-resistant pathogens, and demand for organic pulse crop products necessitate the search f ...
... Weeds, pests, and pathogens are among the pre-harvest constraints in rice farming across rice-growing countries. For weed management, manual weeding and herbicides are widely practiced. Among the herbicides, glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] is a broad-spectrum systemic chemical extensively used in agriculture. Being a competitive structural analog to phosphoenolpyruvate, it selectively inh ...
... The fungal pathogen, Alternaria alternata is responsible for causing leaf spot disease in many plants, including chili pepper. Zinc (Zn) an essential micronutrient for plant growth, also increases resistance in plants against diseases, and also acts as an antifungal agent. Here, in vitro effects of ZnSO₄ on the propagation of A. alternata were investigated, and also in vivo, the effect of foliar a ...
... Rhizosphere encourages the survival and functioning of diverse microbial communities through the influence of plant roots. Likewise, the rhizobacterial functioning contribute to the growth and productivity of crop plants significantly. With the advancement of nanotechnology, the nanoparticles can expect to augment the performance of plant beneficial microorganisms including the rhizobacteria and h ...
... Plant essential oils (EO) possess antifungal properties due to the presence of terpenoids and phenolics capable of damaging microbial cell membranes. The compounds present in EO could represent a valid alternative to synthetic fungicides in rice crop protection, especially in Europe, where the available plant protection products are increasingly scarce, particularly for managing seed-borne fungal ...
... OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of the biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis CtpxS2-1 in inducing lupin systemic resistance against anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum by lipopeptide production. RESULTS: First, growth inhibition and thin layer chromatography-bioautography analysis confirmed that CtpxS2-1 cultures and their lipopeptide extracts, specifically fengycin, have strong antifungal ...