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You searched for: Subject egg production Remove constraint Subject: egg production Subject term adults Remove constraint Subject term: adults
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1. THE Effects of mating on egg production in the cotton stainer, dysdercus fasciatus

Author:
ODHIAMBO, THOMAS R.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1968 v.11 no.4 pp. 379-388
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Dysdercus fasciatus; Dysdercus suturellus; adults; egg production; eggs; insects; longevity; oviposition; virgin females
Abstract:
... Egg production in mated and virgin females of the cotton stainer, Dysdercus fasciatus Signoret, was studied in the laboratory. No significant differences were found in adult longevity, pre-oviposition period, inter-oviposition period, the total number of eggs oviposited during the whole reproductive period, and the mean number of mature eggs retained in the ovaries at each oviposition. Thus, matin ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1968.tb02067.x

2. The Response of Tribolium Confusum to Variations in the Volume of Its Environment

Author:
Daniel J. McDonald
Source:
Ecology 1968 v.49 no.6 pp. 1166-1168
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Tribolium confusum; adults; cannibalism; egg production; flour; mixing; mortality; polyethylene; population size
Abstract:
... The size of the population formed by the flour beetle Tribolium confusum has been found to depend on the volume of the environment rather than the amount of nutrient provided. This was determined by mixing powdered polyethylene with the flour medium, to vary the volume while holding the amount of nutrient constant. The polyethylene is probably not injurious to the adults for it appears to have no ...
DOI:
10.2307/1934504

3. Biomass Turnover, Respiration, and Interpopulation Variation in the Stream Limpet Ferrissia rivularis (Say)

Author:
Albert J. Burky
Source:
Ecological monographs 1971 v.41 no.3 pp. 235-251
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
acclimation; adults; autumn; biomass; breeding; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; cell respiration; egg production; eggs; energy balance; eutrophication; genetic variation; limpets; longevity; metabolism; oviposition; oxygen consumption; primary productivity; respiratory rate; spring; streams; summer; temperature; winter; New York
Abstract:
... The stream limpet Ferrissia rivularis, which occurs extensively in North America and is ubiquitous in streams of upper New York State, was studied from two distinct populations, one located in the Canandaigua Outlet at Alloway, N. Y. (AL) and the other in Black Creek at Cleveland, N. Y. (BC). These environments differ substantially, that at AL being the more eutrophic. At BC there is one generatio ...
DOI:
10.2307/1942367

4. Population Regulation in Quill Mites (Acarina: Syringophilidae)

Author:
John Kethley
Source:
Ecology 1971 v.52 no.6 pp. 1113-1118
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Acari; Passer domesticus; adults; egg production; feathers; females; habitats; males; mites; molting; mouthparts; nestlings; spring
Abstract:
... The wing quills of the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus L.) may host as many as three species of quill mites, suggesting ecological differences in the quill mite habitat. Detailed investigation of a single species of quill mite, Syringophiloidus minor (Berl.) reveals adaptations that maximize mite success within the confines of the feather calmus and suggests a mechanism that allows partitioning o ...
DOI:
10.2307/1933821

5. Reproductive Cycles of Three Species of Anoline Lizards from the Isthmus of Panama

Author:
Owen J. Sexton; Edward P. Ortleb; Loline M. Hathaway; Royce E. Ballinger; Paul Licht
Source:
Ecology 1971 v.52 no.2 pp. 201-215
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Anolis limifrons; adults; dry season; edge effects; egg production; evaporation; females; forests; grasslands; lipids; lizards; males; photoperiod; plant litter; spermatozoa; temperature; testes; wet season; wind; Caribbean; Panama
Abstract:
... A study of the reproductive cycle of three species of lizards, a forest form, Anolis limifrons, a forest edge species, A. tropidogaster, and a grassland species, A. auratus, was carried out in the Isthmus of Panama from November 1965 until September 1969. The collecting sites were: Pacific side for all three species, mid—Isthmus for A. limifrons and A. auratus and Caribbean side for A. limifrons. ...
DOI:
10.2307/1934579

6. Oviposition, fertility, and longevity and their relation to copulation in antestiopsis lineaticollis (heteroptera: miridae)

Author:
ABASA, RUBEN O.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1973 v. no. pp. 178-184
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Antestiopsis; Miridae; adults; copulation; death; egg production; eggs; females; longevity; males; oviposition; relative humidity
Abstract:
... Egg production, fertility, and longevity of solitary mated females and control pairs of males and females of Antestiopsis lineaticollis Stål. (= A. orbitalis bechuana Kirkaldy) were studied in the laboratory at 22-23° and 60-70% relative humidity. No significant differences were found in adult longevity, inter-oviposition period, number of eggs, post-reproductive period, and the number of eggs rem ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1973.tb00263.x

7. Estimation of Energy Flow in Bird Communities: A Population Bioenergetics Model

Author:
John A. Wiens; George S. Innis
Source:
Ecology 1974 v.55 no.4 pp. 730-746
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
adults; age structure; ambient temperature; biomass; birds; body weight; breeding; breeding season; clutch size; digestion; egg production; energy costs; energy flow; energy metabolism; energy requirements; fledglings; juveniles; migratory behavior; molting; mortality; phenology; population density; simulation models
Abstract:
... We describe a simulation model that estimates population density flux, biomass changes, and bioenergetic demands of bird populations, especially with reference to the breeding season. changes in the population density of adults of each species considered were calculated from breeding census values and information on migratory movements. Using field or literature values for clutch size, mortality r ...
DOI:
10.2307/1934410

8. Patterns of relationship between certain leafhoppers and plants. i. responses to plants

Author:
SAXENA, K.N.; GANDHI, J.R.; SAXENA, R.C.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1974 v. no. pp. 303-318
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Empoasca; Gossypium arboreum; Gossypium herbaceum; Gossypium hirsutum; Ricinus communis; Solanum melongena; Solanum tuberosum; adults; egg production; insects; larvae; metamorphosis; molting; nutritive value; oviposition; proboscis
Abstract:
... Differences in the establishment of the leafhoppers Empoasca devastans and E. kerri motti on different plants are determined by an interaction of the following chief types of their responses in six main stages: (1) Orientation, (2) Feeding, (3) Metabolic utilization of the ingested food determining its nutritive value, (4) Growth, (5) Survival and egg-production, (6) Oviposition. Both the leafhopp ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1974.tb00348.x

9. Structures and Dynamics of Populations of the Salamader Desmognathus Ochrophaeus Cope in Different Habitats

Author:
Stephen G. Tilley
Source:
Ecology 1974 v.55 no.4 pp. 808-817
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
adults; age structure; animals; body size; clutch size; correlation; egg production; fecundity; females; genetic variation; habitats; juveniles; males; plant litter; sexual maturity; summer; testes; woodlands
Abstract:
... Two populations of Desmognathus ochrophaeus, one inhabiting a wet rockface created during the construction of a tunnel portal on the Blue Ridge Parkway and the other a wooded cover 145 m away, were compared with respect to size at maturity, growth rates, age structure, and fecundity. Woodland animals are larger at maturity than rockface animals. This is because of their faster juvenile growth rate ...
DOI:
10.2307/1934416

10. Population Biology of a Brine Fly (Diptera: Ephydridae) in the Presence of Abundant Algal Food

Author:
Nicholas C. Collins
Source:
Ecology 1975 v.56 no.5 pp. 1139-1148
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Ceratopogonidae; Chlamydomonas; Ephydra; Euglena; Zygogonium; acid tolerance; adults; algae; arthropods; egg production; evolution; food quality; herbivores; immatures; insect larvae; larval development; national parks; nutrients; oviposition sites; portion size; spatial variation; summer; temperature; toxins; United States
Abstract:
... A filamentous, water—holding mat of a slow—growing green alga (genus Zygogonium) is the structural basis of a simple community of acid—tolerant algae and arthropods in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Populations of interstitial algae, mostly Euglena mutabilis and Chlamydomonas, infuse certain areas of the Zygogonium mat. The major herbivore, Ephydra thermophila, has a very high instrinsic rate of ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936153

11. Use of 65Zn to Determine the Field Metabolism of the Snail Cepaea nemoralis L.

Author:
Philip Williamson
Source:
Ecology 1975 v.56 no.5 pp. 1185-1192
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Cepaea nemoralis; adults; carrots; egg production; energy; excretion; ingestion; isotopes; juveniles; metabolism; snails; temperature
Abstract:
... Zinc—65 elimination rates were measured in the laboratory for adult land snails, Cepaea nemoralis fed on carrot at 10°, 13°, 16°, and 22° and fed on a natural food material at 13°C, and for juveniles fed on carrot at 13°C. Ingestion, assimilation, production, and respiration were determined for each snail. Regressions between 65Zn loss and various aspects of metabolic activity were significant at ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936158

12. Mating ability, longevity and fecundity of the spiny bollworm, earias insulana (lepidoptera: noctuidae)

Author:
KEHAT, M.; GORDON, D.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1977 v. no. pp. 267-273
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Earias insulana; adults; artificial diets; egg production; eggs; fecundity; females; longevity; males; moths; oviposition; rearing; reproductive success; spermatophores
Abstract:
... The mechanisms adopted to ensure mating success, fertility and fecundity of E. insulana (reared in the laboratory on an artificial diet) were studied. Male moths mate only once a night but mate several times (mean 4.2) during their life span. Females will mate up to 3 times per night and an average of 2.6 times over their life span. One spermatophore can nevertheless be sufficient for a female to ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1977.tb02716.x

13. Life History and Population Energetics of the Dobson Fly, Corydalus Cornutus

Author:
Arthur V. Brown; Lloyd C. Fitzpatrick
Source:
Ecology 1978 v.59 no.6 pp. 1091-1108
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Corydalus cornutus; Diptera; acclimation; adults; egg masses; egg production; eggs; energy; females; hatching; instars; integument; larvae; males; prepupae; pupae; pupation; seasonal variation; streams; summer; temperature; univoltine habit; winter; Texas
Abstract:
... Rates and energies of consumption (C), egestion (F), assimilation (A), respiration (R), growth (Pg), production of exuviae (Pₑ ᵥ), and production of egg masses (Pᵣ) with associated efficiencies, and effects of seasonal temperature, weight and life—history stage upon them were examined for a typical individual and cohort of Corydalus cornutus (L.) from a stream in north—central Texas. Dobson flies ...
DOI:
10.2307/1938225

14. Food consumption and reproduction as affected by tethered flight in female milkweed bugs (oncopeltus fasciatus)

Author:
SLANSKY, FRANK Jr.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1980 v.28 no.3 pp. 277-286
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Oncopeltus fasciatus; adults; body weight; egg production; energy costs; fecundity; females; insect flight; life history; longevity; migratory behavior; oviposition; starvation
Abstract:
... Duration of tethered flight (up to 5 hr/day for 6 days) had little effect on postflight food consumption, body weight and life history characteristics of adult female milkweed bugs, but when bugs were also starved during the 6 days, fecundity and longevity were negatively affected, especially for females flying more than about 19 hr. In both experiments the mean age at first oviposition of flown b ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1980.tb03027.x

15. The Mole Crab Emerita talpoida (Say): A Case of Changing Life History Pattern

Author:
Humberto Diaz
Source:
Ecological monographs 1980 v.50 no.4 pp. 437-456
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
Emerita talpoida; adults; animals; autumn; beaches; death; egg production; eggs; females; habitats; hurricanes; laboratory experimentation; life tables; longevity; males; mortality; overwintering; sex reversal; spawning; spring; summer; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Mole crabs of the genus Emerita are successful colonizers of exposed sandy beaches, in spite of the severity of the physical environment. An adult population of Emerita talpoida (Say) was studied for 2 yr to determine possible changes of its life history pattern as a consequence of its physically severe habitat. Adult populations were sampled in four localities on Bogue Banks, North Carolina, USA, ...
DOI:
10.2307/1942652

16. Effects of fenvalerate and azinphosmethyl on two-spotted spider mite and phytoseiid mites

Author:
PENMAN, D.R.; CHAPMAN, R.B.; JESSON, K.E.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1981 v.30 no.1 pp. 91-97
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Phytoseiidae; Tetranychus urticae; adults; carbaryl; egg production; eggs; faba beans; fenvalerate; glass; leaves; mortality; oviposition; oviposition sites; predators; pyrethrins; walking
Abstract:
... The pyrethroid fenvalerate showed significantly faster activity against adult ♀ two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch c.f. azinphosmethyl using broad bean leaf discs sprayed in a Potter tower. LC₅₀s for fenvalerate were similar at 24 and 48 hr (0.056 and 0.051g AI/1) while LC₅₀s for azinphosmethyl were significantly different at 24 and 48 hr (0.72 and 0.38g AI/1, respectively). Mortalit ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1981.tb03589.x

17. Evolution of reversed sexual size dimorphism and role partitioning among predatory birds, with a size scaling of flight performance

Author:
Source:
Biological journal of the Linnean Society 1981 v.15 no.2 pp. 105-130
ISSN:
0024-4066
Subject:
Stercorariidae; adults; birds of prey; body size; breeding; chicks; diet; egg production; eggs; evolution; feeds; females; flight; foraging; males; nests; progeny; sexual dimorphism
Abstract:
... To explain the adaptive significance of sex role partitioning and reversed sexual size dimorphism among raptors, owls and skuas, where females are usually larger than males, we combine several previous hypotheses with some new ideas. Owing to their structural and behavioural adaptations for prey capture, predatory birds have better prospects than other birds of defending their offspring against ne ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1095-8312.1981.tb00752.x

18. Lecithin in synthetic larval diet for aedes aegypti improves larval and adult performance

Author:
SNELLER, VISHNU-PRIYA; DADD, R.H.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1981 v.29 no.1 pp. 9-18
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Aedes aegypti; adults; animals; artificial diets; egg production; females; insect larvae; larval development; lecithins; liver; males; oviposition; pupae; pupation; rearing
Abstract:
... A chemically defined synthetic rearing medium was used to compare larval growth of Aedes aegypti with or without crude animal lecithin or synthetic dipalmitoyl lecithin. Pupal weights, adult female life spans and oviposition histories of pupae and adults derived from synthetic diet rearings and from crude culture (liver powder) rearings were also compared. Both lecithins improved larval growth rat ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1981.tb03037.x

19. A Population Model of the Lizard Uta stansburiana in Southern Nevada

Author:
Frederick B. Turner; Philip A. Medica; Kent W. Bridges; Robert I. Jennrich
Source:
Ecological monographs 1982 v.52 no.3 pp. 243-259
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
Gambelia; adults; age structure; air temperature; clutch size; data collection; egg production; equations; females; irrigation; lizards; models; population density; population dynamics; predation; prediction; rain; regression analysis; spring; survival rate; winter; yearlings; Nevada
Abstract:
... Population densities, reproduction, and survival of the lizard Uta stansburiana were measured at the Nevada Test Site in southern Nevada, USA, between 1964 and 1974. These data were used to develop a model of the population dynamics of this species. Results of irrigation experiments in 0.4—ha enclosures near Mercury, Nevada, were used to formulate multiple—regression equations predicting frequency ...
DOI:
10.2307/2937330

20. Patterns of Resource Use and Tests for Competitive Release in a Spider Community

Author:
Susan E. Riechert; Alan B. Cady
Source:
Ecology 1983 v.64 no.4 pp. 899-913
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Araneae; adults; cliffs; diet; egg production; juveniles; microhabitats; sandstone
Abstract:
... Determinations were made of the temporal, functional (diet), and spatial niche relations of four web—building spider species comprising 98.3% of the individuals of a sandstone rock outcrop community. Three of the species were found to be potential ecological equivalents; despite dissimilar web structures, significant overlaps (60—85%) were exhibited in their diets, timing of activity, and microhab ...
DOI:
10.2307/1937212

21. The effect of age of parents on the progeny of diapaused and non-diapaused Heliothis zea

Author:
Akkawi, M.M.; Scott, D.R.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1984 v.35 no.3 pp. 235-239
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Helicoverpa zea; adults; diapause; egg production; eggs; females; hatching; laboratory experimentation; larvae; oviposition; parents; progeny; pupae; pupation; temperature
Abstract:
... The effect of parental age at oviposition on the offspring of diapaused and non-diapaused females of Heliothis zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was examined under laboratory conditions. Diapause was induced in the laboratory by reducing day lengths and temperatures. The number of eggs per female, duration of the egg stage, percent hatch, duration of the larval stage, percent pupation and four ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1984.tb03387.x

22. Interactions between social factors and ovarian development in the European house cricket A cheta domesticus

Author:
Bradley, James T.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1985 v.38 no.3 pp. 249-253
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Acheta domesticus; adults; animals; egg production; endocrine system; environmental factors; females; group effect; insects; instars; males; nymphs; oocytes; ovarian development; relative humidity; sex ratio; social factors
Abstract:
... Several endocrine-mediated processes in insects are influenced by environmental factors including the density and sex ratio of populations. Effects of grouping on total egg production and rate of vitellogenic ovary development were assessed in virgin Acheta domesticus (L.). Females midway through their last nymphal instar were isolated from a stock population of adults and nymphs of both sexes and ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1985.tb03526.x

23. Comparative Population Regulation of Two Planktonic Cladocera (Holopedium Gibberum and Daphnia Catawba)

Author:
Alan J. Tessier
Source:
Ecology 1986 v.67 no.2 pp. 285-302
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Daphnia; adults; body size; egg production; energy; fecundity; fish; food availability; lakes; life tables; lipid content; mortality; neonates; plankton; population growth; predation; predators; seasonal variation; spring; starvation; summer; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... The abundance of two planktonic grazers (Holopedium gibberum and Daphnia catawba) fluctuated seasonally in a nonparallel manner in Lake Lacawac, Pennsylvania. Holopedium gibberum was abundant in early and midsummer, while D. catawba was common only in spring and late summer. I sought to explain this seasonal succession by identifying seasonal factors which regulate each population. I monitored pop ...
DOI:
10.2307/1938573

24. Food Limitation of Reproduction and Survival For Populations of Brachinus (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Author:
Steven A. Juliano
Source:
Ecology 1986 v.67 no.4 pp. 1036-1045
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Brachinus; adulthood; adults; condition factor; egg production; elytra; females; field experimentation; food availability; insect reproduction; mortality; ponds; Arizona
Abstract:
... In order to determine whether natural levels of food for adult bombardier beetles (Brachinus) were low enough to lead to reduced reproduction and survival, laboratory and field experiments were conducted in southeastern Arizona, USA. In the laboratory, feeding affected reproduction over a period of months, but had no detectable effect on short—term egg production. Females did not reproduce until t ...
DOI:
10.2307/1939826

25. Egg production by the coccinellid Hippodamia convergens fed on two morphs of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae

Author:
Wipperfürth, T.; Hagen, K.S.; Mittler, T.E.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1987 v.44 no.2 pp. 195-198
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Hippodamia convergens; Myzus persicae; adults; artificial diets; egg production; eggs; larvae; morphs; oviposition
Abstract:
... Adults of the lady beetle Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville, requiring aphids for egg production, were fed suboptimal amounts of apteriform virginoparous larvae or alatiform gynoparous larvae of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.), and artificial diet ad lib. The beetles initiated oviposition sooner and deposited significantly more eggs when supplied with the same weight of apterous ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1987.tb01066.x

26. Demographic analysis of insect reproductive levels, patterns and heterogeneity: case study of laboratory strains of three Hawaiian tephritids

Author:
Carey, James R.; Yang, Pingjun; Foote, David
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1988 v.46 no.1 pp. 85-91
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Bactrocera dorsalis; Ceratitis capitata; Zeugodacus cucurbitae; adults; case studies; demography; eclosion; egg production; females; frequency distribution; insects; life history; oviposition; reproductive performance; sexual maturity; variance
Abstract:
... Reproductive data were collected on individually-held adult oriental fruit flies, Dacus dorsalis, melon flies, Dacus cucurbitae, and Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata including age-by-parity relations, birth interval, frequency distribution of individual egg production levels and the concentration of reproduction among females in a cohort. Specific findings include: i) delay in reprodu ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1988.tb02271.x

27. Egg production and survival of the citrus red mite on an artificial feeding system

Author:
Hare, J. Daniel; Bethke, James A.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1988 v.47 no.2 pp. 137-143
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Panonychus citri; Tetranychus urticae; adults; autoclaving; diet; egg production; fecundity; females; free amino acids; mites; nitrogen; nutrient solutions; nutrients; nutritional support; sodium caseinate; sugars
Abstract:
... An artificial feeding system was developed for the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri McGregor (Acari: Tetranychidae) to determine egg production and survival of adult female mites in response to various nutrient solutions. Egg production increased with increasing sugar concentration up to 20%, then declined. Autoclaved sodium caseinate was the most suitable nitrogen source examined, and egg produc ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1988.tb01128.x

28. Effects of nuclear polyhedrosis virus on the growth, development and reproduction in surviving generations of the armyworm Mythimna (Pseudaletia) separata (Walker)

Author:
U. R. Patil; C. J. Savanurmath; S. B. Mathad; P. I. Aralaguppi; S. S. Ingalhalli
Source:
Journal of applied entomology 1989 v.108 no.1-5 pp. 527-532
ISSN:
0931-2048
Subject:
Baculoviridae; Mythimna; adults; egg hatchability; egg production; fecundity; larvae; lethal concentration 50; longevity; pests; pupae; pupation; sublethal effects; viruses
Abstract:
... Sublethal effects of the LC₂₅ and LC₅₀ nuclear polyhedrosis virus treatments, on growth, development, fecundity, average egg production and per cent egg hatchability in the treated followed by the first filial (F₁) generation of Mythimna (Pseudaletia) separata, are investigated. In both the generations, weights of the larval, pupal and adult stages and, the adult longevity decreased, while develop ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0418.1989.tb00487.x

29. The Evolution of Flightlessness in Insects

Author:
Derek A. Roff
Source:
Ecological monographs 1990 v.60 no.4 pp. 389-421
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
Hymenoptera; Lepidoptera; Orthoptera; adults; altitude; aquatic habitat; arthropods; autumn; deserts; dimorphism; dunes; eclosion; ectoparasites; egg production; endothermy; evolution; females; forests; insect flight; insects; islands; larvae; latitude; males; metamorphosis; mutation; parthenogenesis; phoresy; ponds; probability; rivers; spring; streams; temperature; termite mounds; winter; woodlands
Abstract:
... Many pterygote (winged) insects have secondarily become flightless; why has this occurred? In this paper I test for an association between the frequency of flightlessness and (1) environmental heterogeneity, (2) geographic variables, (3) gender, (4) alternate modes of migration, and (5) taxonomic variation. Various authors have predicted that decreased environmental heterogeneity will favor the ev ...
DOI:
10.2307/1943013

30. Effects of temperature and diet on oviposition rate and development time of the New Zealand flower thrips, Thrips obscuratus

Author:
Teulon, D.A.J.; Penman, D.R.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1991 v.60 no.2 pp. 143-155
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Thrips obscuratus; adults; diet; egg production; females; fruit juices; instars; laboratory rearing; larvae; larval development; life history; longevity; males; mortality; oviposition; plant tissues; pollen; sucrose; temperature
Abstract:
... The life history of New Zealand flower thrips (Thrips obscuratus (Crawford), Thysanoptera: Thripidae) was studied using a simple laboratory rearing method. The effects of temperature and diet on oviposition rate and development time were examined. Oviposition rate increased with increasing temperature between 10°C and 25°C. Development time for individual instars and for total development decrease ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1991.tb01533.x

31. Nonlethal Impacts of Predator Invasion: Facultative Suppression of Growth and Reproduction

Author:
Douglas F. Fraser; James F. Gilliam
Source:
Ecology 1992 v.73 no.3 pp. 959-970
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Hoplias malabaricus; Poecilia reticulata; adults; egg production; eggs; field experimentation; fish; forests; juveniles; mortality; piscivores; predation; streams; Trinidad and Tobago
Abstract:
... We asked whether invasions by a predator in a patchy environment altered only the death rate of the prey, or whether there were also nonlethal effects, i.e., alternations in three other vital rates: net emigration, reproduction, and individual growth rates. Field studies documented the patch use of the guppy Poecilia reticulata and the killifish Rivulus hartii in pools of a second—order forest str ...
DOI:
10.2307/1940172

32. Size specific demography of three species of Anastrepha fruit flies

Author:
Liedo, P.; Carey, J.R.; Celedonio, H.; Guillen, J.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1992 v.63 no.2 pp. 135-142
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Anastrepha ludens; Anastrepha obliqua; Anastrepha serpentina; adults; demography; egg production; eggs; fecundity; females; frequency distribution; fruit flies; hosts; laboratory experimentation; life history; longevity; pupae; sexual maturity
Abstract:
... Individuals of three Anastrepha species: A. obliqua, A. ludens, and A. serpentina (Diptera: Tephritidae), were sorted according to pupal weight in cohorts of large and small flies. Demographic parameters and reproductive patterns and heterogeneity were determined for each cohort. Large flies of the three species presented greater expectation of life and gross fecundity rates. A. ludens was the spe ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1992.tb01568.x

33. The Effect of Adult Food Limitation on Life History Traits in Speyeria Mormonia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Author:
Carol L. Boggs; Charles L. Ross
Source:
Ecology 1993 v.74 no.2 pp. 433-441
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Speyeria; adults; butterflies; death; diet; eclosion; egg production; eggs; fecundity; females; food availability; oocytes
Abstract:
... Variation in food availability is likely to occur in the wild, and may affect resource allocation to various life history traits. Quantitative adult diet restriction had no effect on life—span or mean individual egg mass, but reduced fecundity in the butterfly Speyeria mormonia. The sum of fecundity plus unlaid oocytes remaining in the ovaries at death declined in direct proportion to the reductio ...
DOI:
10.2307/1939305

34. Direct and Indirect Effects of Prior Grazing of Goldenrod upon the Performance of a Leaf Beetle

Author:
D. Gordon Brown; Arthur E. Weis
Source:
Ecology 1995 v.76 no.2 pp. 426-436
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Solidago; Trirhabda; adults; biomass; egg production; fecundity; food availability; food consumption; grazing; herbivores; insects; larvae; leaves; nutritive value; spring; structural equation modeling
Abstract:
... A plant's grazing history can influence the nutritional quality of its leaves and directly affect herbivore performance. In addition, leaf nutritional quality can indirectly affect herbivore performance by influencing food consumption. We examined the direct and indirect influences of prior grazing of Solidago missouriensis upon leaf nutritional quality and the growth and fecundity of Trirhabda ca ...
DOI:
10.2307/1941201

35. Nutrition Mediates Reproductive Trade‐Offs with Age‐Specific Mortality in the Beetle Callosobruchus Maculatus

Author:
Marc Tatar; James R. Carey
Source:
Ecology 1995 v.76 no.7 pp. 2066-2073
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Callosobruchus maculatus; adults; diet; egg production; eggs; energy; food availability; life history; mortality; nutrient availability; nutrients; nutritional status
Abstract:
... Trade—offs between mortality and reproduction play a central role in theories of life history and of senescence. Yet the fundamental question of how reproduction affects mortality is unresolved. We simultaneously manipulated both egg production and adult food availability in the beetle Callosobruchus maculatus and measured their effects on age—specific mortality. We show that there are two distinc ...
DOI:
10.2307/1941681

36. The effects of different components of an artificial food on adult green lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea) fecundity and longevity

Author:
McEwen, P.K.; Kidd, N.A.C.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1995 v.77 no.3 pp. 343-346
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Chrysoperla carnea; adults; diet; egg production; eggs; fecundity; foods; laboratory experimentation; lacewings; longevity; sugars; yeasts
Abstract:
... Artificial foods comprising yeast products, sugar and water are often sprayed in the field to increase numbers of naturally occurring lacewing populations. The relative importance of the components of these foods for green lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea Stephens) fecundity and longevity is investigated in this paper. In laboratory experiments insects receiving only sugar solution lived significantly ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1995.tb02332.x

37. Effect of neem on the growth and development of the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana

Author:
Lowery, D.T.; Bellerose, S.; Smirle, M.J.; Vincent, C.; Pilon, J.-G.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1996 v.79 no.2 pp. 203-209
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Azadirachta indica; Choristoneura rosaceana; adults; antifeedants; azadirachtin; bioassays; diet; eclosion; egg production; insecticides; instars; larvae; neonates; pupae; pupation; seed oils; wings
Abstract:
... Neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae), seed oil (NSO) added to meridic diet at concentrations as low as 0.016% reduced pupation and prevented adult eclosion of obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). At a rate of 0.0016%, NSO reduced the fitness of C. rosaceana, resulting in longer developmental times, lower adult eclosion rates, and reduced e ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1996.tb00827.x

38. Walleye pollock egg distribution and mortality in the western Gulf of Alaska

Author:
RICHARD D. BRODEUR; SUSAN J. PICQUELLE; DEBORAH M. BLOOD; NAZILA MERATI
Source:
Fisheries oceanography 1996 v.5 Suppl s1 pp. 92-111
ISSN:
1054-6006
Subject:
Euphausiacea; Gadus chalcogrammus; adults; cameras; cannibalism; egg production; eggs; invertebrates; mortality; oceanography; pollock; predation; Gulf of Alaska
Abstract:
... We examine the distribution and mortality of walleye pollock (Theragra chakogramma) eggs in the western Gulf of Alaska. Most pollock eggs were found in mid‐water, with low proportions in the neustonic and epibenthic layers during all years of sampling. A silhouette camera towed through a high egg density region provided new information on small‐scale spatial distributions and provided density esti ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2419.1996.tb00085.x

39. Chironomus tentans life-cycle test: design and evaluation for use in assessing toxicity of contaminated sediments

Author:
Benoit, D.A.; Sibley, P.K.; Juenemann, J.L.; Ankley, G.T.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1997 v.16 no.6 pp. 1165-1176
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
Chironomus tentans; adults; egg production; eggs; females; freshwater; hatching; larvae; midges; pupae; sediment contamination; sediments; survival rate; toxicity; toxicity testing; Mississippi River
Abstract:
... The development and standardization of toxicity test methods for assessing toxicity of contaminated freshwater sediments has focused predominantly on short-term exposures and lethality. In many situations, however, toxicity is more likely to become manifest over long periods of time so there is need for standardized testing procedures by which sublethal sediment toxicity can be adequately assessed ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1165:CTLCTD>2.3.CO;2

40. Recruitment overfishing reference point for the American lobster, Homarus americanus

Author:
Ennis, G.P.; Fogarty, M.J.
Source:
Marine & freshwater research 1997 v.48 no.8 pp. 1029-1034
ISSN:
1323-1650
Subject:
refuge habitats; risk; overfishing; Homarus americanus; egg production; lobsters; eggs; adults
Abstract:
... A 21-year series of annual estimates of egg production and recruitment in a Newfoundland lobster population indicates similar asymptotic relationships for recruitment to the fishery and to the adult population, both derived from legal stock estimates. Lines with slopes equal to the 90th-percentile and median survival ratios drawn through the origin of the egg production-adult recruitment scatterpl ...
DOI:
10.1071/MF97201

41. Biology of the African Sweetpotato Weevil Species Cylas puncticollis (Boheman) and C. brunneus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Apionidae)

Author:
N. E. J. M. Smit; A. van Huis
Source:
International journal of tropical insect science 1998 v.18 no.2 pp. 93-100
ISSN:
1742-7592
Subject:
Apoininae; Curculionidae; Cylas formicarius elegantulus; adults; egg production; eggs; females; laboratory experimentation; longevity; oviposition; oviposition sites; photophase; sex ratio; sweet potatoes; tubers
Abstract:
... The biology of two African sweetpotato weevil species, Cylas puncticollis and C. brunneus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Apionidae), was studied in laboratory experiments carried out at 27 ± 1°C, 45 ± 5% RH, and a 12 h photophase. Cylas puncticollis females lived longer than C. brunneus (141 ± 10 and 92±12 days respectively), developed faster (egg to adult 20–28 days, and 32–41 days respectively) and ha ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1742758400007712

42. Moxidectin as an Endectocide in Reindeer

Author:
A. Oksanen; M. Nieminen
Source:
Acta veterinaria scandinavica 1998 v.39 no.4 pp. 483-489
ISSN:
1751-0147
Subject:
Cephenemyia trompe; Hypoderma tarandi; Trichostrongylidae; adults; calves; egg production; gastrointestinal system; herds; insecticidal properties; ivermectin; moxidectin; reindeer; spring; throat; Lapland
Abstract:
... During the winter 1991–92, 42 reindeer hinds of the Kaamanen Experimental Reindeer Herd in Finnish Lapland, naturally infected with various parasites, were allocated to 3 groups. One group was an untreated control group and the other 2 groups received either moxidectin or ivermectin at a dose of 200 µg kg⁻¹ subcutaneously. The efficacy of treatment was followed with monthly faecal examinations for ...
DOI:
10.1186/BF03547774

43. Population regulation in adult, but not juvenile, resident trout (Salmo trutta) in a Lake District stream

Author:
Elliott, J.M.; Hurley, M.A.
Source:
journal of animal ecology 1998 v.67 no.2 pp. 280-286
ISSN:
0021-8790
Subject:
Salmo trutta; adults; census data; egg production; eggs; females; gravel; lakes; models; nests; spawning; streams; trout
Abstract:
... 1. Unlike a neighbouring sea-trout population that showed strong density-dependent survival, a resident trout population (Salmo trutta L.) showed simple proportionate survival in the early life-stages. However, this persistent population fluctuated within narrow limits. Mature adults, especially during spawning, were the only possible life-stage left in which regulation might occur.2. An October c ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2656.1998.00185.x

44. Reproductive toxicity and disposition of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in adult brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) following a dietary exposure

Author:
Tietge, J.E.; Johnson, R.D.; Jensen, K.M.; Cook, P.M.; Elonen, G.E.; Fernandez, J.D.; Holcombe, G.W.; Lothenbach, D.B.; Nichols, J.W.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1998 v.17 no.12 pp. 2395-2407
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
Salvelinus fontinalis; adults; blood; diet; dietary exposure; egg production; eggs; lipids; liver; muscles; ovulation; reproductive toxicology; spawning; tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; trout
Abstract:
... Adult brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) with a contaminated trout pellet diet to determine the effects of TCDD on reproduction, to document tissue-specific TCDD distribution, and to establish the maternally derived dose of TCDD to the F1 generation. Five treatment groups and a control were exposed to achieve targeted whole body TCDD conc ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<2395:RTADOT>2.3.CO;2

45. Phenotypic plasticity in reproductive traits: importance in the life history of Helix aspersa (Mollusca: Helicidae) in a recently colonized habitat

Author:
MADEC, LUC; DESBUQUOIS, CHRISTOPHE; COUTELLEC-VRETO, MARIE-AGNES
Source:
Biological journal of the Linnean Society 2000 v.69 no.1 pp. 25-39
ISSN:
0024-4066
Subject:
Helix aspersa; adults; at-risk population; burning; clutch size; egg production; egg weight; eggs; farms; habitats; herbicides; hibernation; humans; juveniles; life history; mortality; pests; phenotypic plasticity; predation; reproductive traits; snails; temperature; winter; France; Western European region
Abstract:
... Reproductive traits of the land snail Helix aspersa Mtiller were investigated under artificial conditions from two samples, one collected from a population exposed to unpredictable human pressures in its natural environment, i.e. a recently created polders area with intensive agriculture, and the other from a snail farm in which animals were reared under constant conditions denned as ‘optimal' for ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01667.x

46. Comparison of the Reproductive Performance of Similarly-Sized Wild and Captive Farfantepenaeus paulensis

Author:
Peixoto, Silvio; Wasielesky, Wilson Jr.; D'Incao, Fernando; Cavalli, Ronaldo O.
Source:
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 2003 v.34 no.1 pp. 50-56
ISSN:
0893-8849
Subject:
rearing; nauplii; males; spawning; environmental factors; Farfantepenaeus paulensis; captive animals; egg production; tanks; coastal water; eggs; females; adults; juveniles
Abstract:
... The reproduction of wild-caught Farfantepenaeus paulensis in captivity has been successfully achieved since 1983. However, year-round supply of wild broodstock is costly and unpredictable. This study compares the reproductive performance of animals of similar size (females from 32-33 g and males from 19-21 g) but from different sources: estuary-caught juveniles reared indoors for 9 mo and wild-cau ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1749-7345.2003.tb00038.x

47. Impact of Genetically Modified Potato Expressing Plant-Derived Insect Resistance Genes on the Predatory Bug Podisus maculiventris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Author:
Bell, H.A.; Down, R.E.; Fitches, E.C.; Edwards, J.P.; Gatehouse, A.M.R.
Source:
Biocontrol science and technology 2003 v.13 no.8 pp. 729-741
ISSN:
0958-3157
Subject:
moths; trypsin inhibitors; potatoes; adults; tomatoes; Galanthus nivalis; cowpeas; fecundity; males; nymphs; hosts; Podisus maculiventris; larvae; toxicity; weight loss; adverse effects; transgenes; rearing; transgenic plants; egg production; agglutinins; foraging
Abstract:
... The effects of the transgene proteins Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) and cowpea trypsin inhibitor (CpTI) on the predatory stinkbug Podisus maculiventris were studied under laboratory conditions. When the P. maculiventris were provided with tomato moth (L. oleracea) larvae injected with either GNA or CpTI at a dose of 10 μg day-1, growth was significantly reduced and, as a consequence, female a ...
DOI:
10.1080/09583150310001606543

48. Photorefractoriness in broiler breeders: Sexual maturity and egg production evidence

Author:
Lewis, P.D.; Ciacciariello, M.; Gous, R.M.
Source:
British poultry science 2003 v.44 no.4 pp. 634-642
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
adults; broiler breeders; cages; egg production; eggs; hens; lighting; pullets; rearing; sexual maturity
Abstract:
... 1. Photorefractoriness was assessed in two lines of broiler breeders. In one trial, male-line and female-line pullets were reared on the floor and transferred to individual cages at 15 weeks. Birds were either maintained on 8-, 11- or 16-h photoperiods or transferred from 8- to 16-h photoperiods at 67 or 124 d. In the second trial, female-line pullets were concurrently housed in the same rearing f ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660310001616219
PubMed:
14584855

49. Effects of 17α-ethinylestradiol in a fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) gonadal recrudescence assay

Author:
Pawlowski, S.; Van Aerle, R.; Tyler, C.R.; Braunbeck, T.
Source:
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2004 v.57 no.3 pp. 330-345
ISSN:
0147-6513
Subject:
Pimephales promelas; adults; biomarkers; breeding; condition factor; egg production; eggs; electron microscopy; estrogens; females; gonadosomatic index; liver; minnows; reproductive performance; testes; vitellogenin
Abstract:
... To contribute to the development and evaluation of a practical and cost-effective in vivo testing system for endocrine disruption (specifically environmental estrogens), the effects of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) were assessed in a gonadal recrudescence assay with the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Mature male and female fathead minnows were kept first at 15°C on a 8 h light/16 h dark regime ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.07.019

50. Comparison of five methods for estimating growth of Calanus helgolandicus later developmental stages (CV–CVI)

Author:
L. Yebra; R. P. Harris; T. Smith
Source:
Marine biology 2005 v.147 no.6 pp. 1367-1375
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Calanus; adults; aminoacyl tRNA ligases; breeding season; egg production; equations; females; males; time series analysis; English Channel
Abstract:
... The activity of the enzymes aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARS) in adult females and males and copepodites stage V of Calanus helgolandicus was studied at the L4 time-series station in the English Channel from June 2002 to December 2003. AARS activity was explored as an index of somatic growth in the laboratory as well as in the field by comparison with other methods of measuring growth: (1) the dir ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-005-0039-9

51. Reproductive ecology and egg production of the radiated tortoise (Geochelone radiata) in southern Madagascar

Author:
Thomas E.J. Leuteritz; Rollande Ravolanaivo
Source:
African zoology 2005 v.40 no.2 pp. 233-242
ISSN:
2224-073X
Subject:
Astrochelys radiata; adults; body size; clutch size; egg production; eggs; females; hatching; humans; life history; nesting; nests; plant growth; predation; reproductive behavior; reproductive success; tortoises; wet season; Madagascar
Abstract:
... We studied reproduction of wild Geochelone radiata at the Cap Sainte Marie Special Reserve in southwestern Madagascar to gain insight into life history traits related to reproductive success. Reproductive behaviour was observed over two nesting seasons and egg production was studied by radiographing telemetered females at regular intervals. We captured and marked 1438 radiated tortoises of which 2 ...
DOI:
10.1080/15627020.2005.11407322

52. Beneficial and detrimental interactive effects of dissolved organic matter and ultraviolet radiation on Zooplankton in a transparent lake

Author:
Sandra L. Cooke; Craig E. Williamson; Bruce R. Hargreaves; Donald P. Morris
Source:
Hydrobiologia 2006 v.568 no.1 pp. 15-28
ISSN:
0018-8158
Subject:
Copepoda; Daphnia; Rotifera; adults; community structure; dissolved organic matter; egg production; food webs; lakes; pH; ultraviolet radiation; zooplankton; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... While changes in dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations are expected to affect zooplankton species through attenuation of potentially damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation, generation of potentially beneficial or harmful photoproducts, pH alteration, and microbial food web stimulation, the combined effects of such changes on zooplankton community structure have not been studied previously. Ou ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10750-005-0006-y

53. Chemotype variation of the weed Melaleuca quinquenervia influences the biomass and fecundity of the biological control agent Oxyops vitiosa

Author:
G.S. Wheeler
Source:
Biological Control 2006 v.36 no.2 pp. 121-128
ISSN:
1049-9644
Subject:
Melaleuca quinquenervia; Oxyops vitiosa; adults; biological control; biological control agents; biomass; chemotypes; diet; egg production; fecundity; gas chromatography; herbivores; host plants; larvae; mass spectrometry; nitrogen; viridiflorol; weeds
Abstract:
... Host plant nutritional and non-nutritional variability can have a significant effect on herbivore populations by influencing survival, larval performance, and fecundity. The effect of chemical and physical variation of the leaves of two chemotypes of the weed Melaleuca quinquenervia was determined on the biomass and fecundity of the biological control agent Oxyops vitiosa (Coleoptera: Curculionida ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.10.005
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.10.005

54. Sex, sex-ratios, and the dynamics of pelagic copepod populations

Author:
Thomas Kiørboe
Source:
Oecologia 2006 v.148 no.1 pp. 40-50
ISSN:
0029-8549
Subject:
Copepoda; adults; egg production; eggs; models; population density; population growth; population size; sediments; sex ratio; summer; winter
Abstract:
... I examine how the population biology of pelagic copepods depends on their mating biology using field data and a simple demographic model. Among calanoid copepods, two distinct patterns emerge. Firstly, copepods that lack seminal receptacle and require repeated mating to stay fertilized have near equal adult sex ratios in field populations. Winter population densities are orders of magnitude less t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00442-005-0346-3

55. Adult female crickets, Gryllus texensis, maintain reproductive output after repeated immune challenges

Author:
SHOEMAKER, KELLY L.; ADAMO, SHELLEY A.
Source:
Physiological entomology 2007 v.32 no.2 pp. 113-120
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Gryllus texensis; Serratia marcescens; adults; egg production; egg weight; eggs; females; hatching; immune response; immune system; lipopolysaccharides; longevity; progeny; protein content; reproductive performance
Abstract:
... Both immunity and reproduction are thought to be energetically costly and therefore likely to make trade-offs with one another. To assess whether increasing immune system activity results in a decline in egg production, the immune system in the cricket Gryllus texensis is activated over a period of 12 days with regular injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Serratia marcescens, and th ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3032.2006.00552.x

56. Effects of adult stocking density on egg production and viability in cultures of the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa (Dana)

Author:
Jepsen, Per M.; Andersen, Nikolaj; Holm, Thue; Jørgensen, Anders T.; Højgaard, Jonas K.; Hansen, Benni W.
Source:
Aquaculture research 2007 v.38 no.7 pp. 764-772
ISSN:
1355-557X
Subject:
Acartia tonsa; adults; aquaculture; egg production; eggs; hatching; industry; mortality; oxygen; rearing; stocking rate; temperature; viability
Abstract:
... The effect of stocking density of the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa was evaluated in a 96 h rearing experiment. Possible density-dependent egg production and egg viability were analysed at stocking densities of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 600 adults L⁻¹. Temperature, oxygen saturation and algal concentration were kept optimal. A non-density-dependent mortality rate of 15-19% day⁻¹ was documented. A no ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01730.x

57. Effects of solvents and surfactant agents on the female and larvae of cattle tick Boophilus microplus

Author:
Karla Gonçalves; Eduardo Toigo; Bruna Ascoli; Gilsane von Poser; Vera Lucia Sardá Ribeiro
Source:
Parasitology research 2007 v.100 no.6 pp. 1267-1270
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
acetone; water solubility; ticks; toxicity; methanol; Rhipicephalus microplus; dimethyl sulfoxide; bioassays; hatching; mortality; egg production; solvents; larvae; ethanol; females; adults
Abstract:
... Many natural compounds have low water solubility and need to be dissolved in organic solvents, or surfactant agents must be used before addition into experimental systems. Therefore, it is necessary to determine their toxicity. Experiments were performed aiming to select solvents to be used in the bioassays, searching new acaricide agents from plants. Laboratory tests were carried out on larvae an ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-006-0418-2
PubMed:
17237954

58. Elasticity Analysis of Green Sturgeon Life History

Author:
Heppell, Selina S.
Source:
Environmental biology of fishes 2007 v.79 no.3-4 pp. 357-368
ISSN:
0378-1909
Subject:
Acipenser medirostris; adults; age structure; egg production; life history; models; population growth; qualitative analysis; sturgeon; survival rate; viability
Abstract:
... I provide an analysis of a simplified life history model for green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris, based on published and recent estimates of reproduction and growth rates and survival rates from life history theory. The deterministic life cycle models serve as a tool for qualitative analysis of the impacts of perturbations on green sturgeon, including harvest regulations based on minimum and max ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10641-006-9052-1

59. Factors affecting the spawning period of sardine in two highly oligotrophic Seas

Author:
Konstantinos Ganias; Stylianos Somarakis; Constantin Koutsikopoulos; Athanassios Machias
Source:
Marine biology 2007 v.151 no.4 pp. 1559-1569
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Sardina pilchardus; adults; body size; egg production; females; growing season; habitats; hepatosomatic index; histology; primary productivity; sardines; seasonal variation; somatic cells; spawning; spring; summer; winter
Abstract:
... Ovarian histology and weight dynamics of reproductive and somatic tissues were used to investigate seasonality of spawning and factors affecting reproductive period in two E Mediterranean sardine, Sardina pilchardus, populations (central Aegean and Ionian Seas), between September 1999 and May 2001. Despite similarities in the general spawning pattern of the two populations, i.e. protracted spawnin ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-006-0601-0

60. Fecundity and feeding of Galerucella calmariensis and G. pusilla on Lythrum salicaria

Author:
T. J. McAvoy; L. T. Kok
Source:
BioControl 2007 v.52 no.3 pp. 351-363
ISSN:
1386-6141
Subject:
Galerucella calmariensis; Galerucella pusilla; Lythrum salicaria; adults; biological control; egg production; eggs; fecundity; larvae; larval development; leaves; progeny; survival rate; temperature
Abstract:
... Fecundity and feeding of two introduced sibling biological control species, Galerucella calmariensis and G. pusilla (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on purple loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria L. (Lythraceae) were compared at constant temperatures of 12.5, 15, 20, 25, and 27.5 °C. Larval feeding was also carried out at 30 °C, but at this temperature, larvae developed only to the L2 stage and none pupated. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10526-006-9042-4

61. Influence of host age and host deprivation on longevity, egg load dynamics and oviposition rate in Microplitis rufiventris

Author:
HEGAZI, ESMAT MOHAMED; EL-AZIZ, GEHAN MOHAMED ABD; EL-SHAZLY, AHMED YOUSEF; KHAFAGI, WEDAD EMAM
Source:
Insect science 2007 v.14 no.6 pp. 485-495
ISSN:
1672-9609
Subject:
Microplitis rufiventris; Spodoptera littoralis; adults; eclosion; egg production; eggs; fecundity; females; hosts; insect larvae; longevity; oviducts; oviposition; parasitism; parasitoids
Abstract:
... Adult size, longevity, egg load dynamics and oviposition of Microplitis rufiventris Kok. which began their development in the first, second, third (preferred hosts) or fourth (non-preferred hosts) instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) were studied. The parasitoid size was largely determined by the initial host size at parasitism. Non-ovipositing females derived from older hosts lived for ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1744-7917.2007.00177.x

62. Influence of host density and population structure on egg production in the coccidophagous ladybird, Chilocorus nigritus F. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Author:
Ponsonby, D.J.; Copland, M.J.W.
Source:
Agricultural and forest entomology 2007 v.9 no.4 pp. 287-296
ISSN:
1461-9555
Subject:
Abgrallaspis; Chilocorus nigrita; adults; age structure; egg production; eggs; females; larvae; oviposition; plant age; population density; satiety
Abstract:
... 1 Studies on aphidophagous coccinellids have indicated that patch quality, and, in particular, the age structure of the prey or the phenological age of the plant, may play an important role in stimulating oviposition behaviour. However, little is known about the egg-laying tactics of coccidophagous species. 2 When restricted to a single, large colony of overlapping generations of their diaspid hos ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00344.x

63. Lethal and sublethal effects of naphthalene and 1,2-dimethylnaphthalene on the marine copepod Paracartia grani

Author:
Albert Calbet; Enric Saiz; Carles Barata
Source:
Marine biology 2007 v.151 no.1 pp. 195-204
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Acartia; acute toxicity; adults; egg production; eggs; exposure duration; fuel oils; hatching; lethal concentration 50; median effective concentration; mortality; naphthalene; narcotics; oil spills; sublethal effects; viability; water solubility; zooplankton
Abstract:
... Here we evaluate the effects of two quantitatively very important components of the water soluble fractions of fuel oils (naphthalene and 1,2-dimethylnaphthalene, hereafter NAPH and C2-NAPH, respectively) on the survival, feeding and egg production rates, and viability of eggs of the coastal copepod Paracartia (Acartia) grani. Acute toxicity responses resulted in lethal concentrations (LC50) of 2, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-006-0468-0

64. Oithona similis in a high latitude ecosystem: abundance, distribution and temperature limitation of fecundity rates in a sac spawning copepod

Author:
P. Ward; A. G. Hirst
Source:
Marine biology 2007 v.151 no.3 pp. 1099-1110
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Copepoda; adults; chlorophyll; ecosystems; egg production; eggs; fecundity; females; latitude; models; mortality; nauplii; plankton; spawning; temperature
Abstract:
... In this study we report the abundance, fecundity and an index of the relative survival of Oithona similis (nauplii to copepodites) across a large latitudinal and temperature range within the Southern Ocean. The abundance of O. similis was strongly related to temperature and to depth-integrated (0–100 m) chlorophyll a, abundance increasing with increasing temperature (and therefore decreasing latit ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-006-0548-1

65. Outbreaks of leucocytozoon infection in broiler breeder flocks of Tarai region of Uttaranchal state and Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Author:
S.D. Singh; B.B. Dash; T.R. Mohanty; K.A. Naveen
Source:
Indian journal of veterinary pathology 2007 v.31 no.1 pp. 70-71
ISSN:
0973-970X
Subject:
adults; animal pathology; blood; breasts; broiler breeders; egg production; gametocytes; liver; microscopy; mortality; necropsy; spleen
Abstract:
... Outbreaks of leucocytozoon infection in two broiler breeder flocks, one in Tarai region of Uttranchal State and the other in one of the layer flocks of Andaman and Nicobar Islands have been recorded. Both the floks had a history of insidious mortality with healthy adult birds between ten to twenty months of age dying suddenly with drop in egg production upto 30%. Blood smears from clinically affec ...

66. Photoperiodic control of diapause termination, colour change and postdiapause reproduction in the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula

Author:
MUSOLIN, DMITRY L.; FUJISAKI, KENJI; NUMATA, HIDEHARU
Source:
Physiological entomology 2007 v.32 no.1 pp. 64-72
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Nezara viridula; adults; color; diapause; egg production; females; longevity; overwintering; oviposition; photoperiod; reproductive performance; temperate zones; temperature; Japan
Abstract:
... The effects of day length on adult diapause development, associated with diapause body colour change as well as postdiapause reproduction are studied in Nezara viridula from Japan. Facultative diapause spontaneously terminates under three constant short-day and near-critical photoperiods at 25 °C without low temperature treatment. The period required for body colour change from russet to green and ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3032.2006.00542.x

67. Seasonal lipid dynamics of the copepods Pseudocalanus minutus (Calanoida) and Oithona similis (Cyclopoida) in the Arctic Kongsfjorden (Svalbard)

Author:
Silke Lischka; Wilhelm Hagen
Source:
Marine biology 2007 v.150 no.3 pp. 443-454
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Calanus; adults; algal blooms; autumn; carnivores; detritivores; diet; egg production; fatty acids; fatty alcohols; feces; females; males; omnivores; overwintering; seasonal variation; spring; wax esters; winter; Arctic region
Abstract:
... Seasonal lipid dynamics of various developmental stages were investigated in Pseudocalanus minutus and Oithona similis. For P. minutus, the dominance of 16:1(n−7), 16:4(n−3) and 20:5(n−3) fatty acids indicated a diatom-based nutrition in spring, whereas 22:6(n−3), 16:0, 18:2(n−6) and 18:1(n−9) pointed to a flagellate-based diet during the rest of the year as well as omnivorous/carnivorous low-leve ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-006-0359-4

68. The Association of Response to a Novel Object with Subsequent Performance and Feather Damage in Adult, Cage-Housed, Pure-Bred Rhode Island Red Laying Hens

Author:
Uitdehaag, K.A.; Rodenburg, T.B.; Komen, H.; Kemp, B.; Arendonk, J.A.M. van
Source:
Poultry science 2008 v.87 no.12 pp. 2486-2492
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
animal behavior; animal injuries; young animals; oviposition; laying hens; feather pecking; body weight; environmental factors; adults; laying performance; physiological response; egg production; distress; mortality; prediction; Rhode Island Red
Abstract:
... In laying hens, behavioral responses measured late in the laying period are associated with decreased performance. If measured early in the laying period, these behavioral responses could be used to predict performance later in life. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the association of the behavioral response toward a novel object at 23 wk of age with subsequent performanc ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps.2008-00059
PubMed:
19038803

69. Comparing and contrasting development and reproductive strategies in the pupal hyperparasitoids Lysibia nana and Gelis agilis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Author:
Harvey, Jeffrey A.
Source:
Evolutionary ecology 2008 v.22 no.2 pp. 153-166
ISSN:
0269-7653
Subject:
Cotesia glomerata; Ichneumonidae; adults; animals; cocoons; egg production; eggs; fecundity; females; food plants; honey; hosts; hyperparasitoids; larvae; life history; moths; oogenesis; phenotype; progeny; pupae
Abstract:
... In most animals, the optimal phenotype is determined by trade-offs in life-history traits. Here, I compare development and reproductive strategies in two species of solitary secondary hyperparasitoids, Lysibia nana and Gelis agilis, attacking pre-pupae of their primary parasitoid host, Cotesia glomerata. Parasitoid larvae of both species exploit a given amount of host resources with similar effici ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10682-007-9164-x

70. Distribution and abundance of copepod nauplii in southern part of the East China Sea: implications for prey availability to jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae

Author:
OKAZAKI, Yuji; NOGUCHI, Tomohide; NAKATA, Hideaki; NISHIUCHI, Kou
Source:
Fisheries science 2008 v.74 no.6 pp. 1235-1244
ISSN:
0919-9268
Subject:
Trachurus japonicus; adults; chlorophyll; covariance; egg production; females; mackerel; nauplii; predator-prey relationships; spawning; surface water temperature; East China Sea
Abstract:
... In the southern part of the East China Sea (ECS), a large spawning ground of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus has recently been found. Larval survival during the period of transport from the spawning ground along the shelf break is potentially a critical stage prior to recruitment. As such, the distribution of copepod nauplii in this region was investigated during the main spawning period in 2003 ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1444-2906.2008.01648.x

71. Effect of multiple mating on reproduction and longevity of the phytoseiid mite Neoseiulus californicus

Author:
Gotoh, Tetsuo; Tsuchiya, Akiko
Source:
Experimental & applied acarology 2008 v.44 no.3 pp. 185-197
ISSN:
0168-8162
Subject:
Neoseiulus californicus; acarology; adults; egg production; females; food availability; insects; longevity; males; mating frequency; mites; oviposition; progeny; reproductive performance
Abstract:
... Females of some insects and mites that mate repeatedly (multiple-mated females) or that have limited food supply have a shortened life span, compared to females that are allowed to mate only once (single-mated females) or that have ample food. The present study focused on the relationship between mating frequency and various reproduction-related parameters in a commercial strain (Spical®) of the p ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10493-008-9143-0
PubMed:
18379888

72. Intra- and interspecific competition among helminth parasites: Effects on Coitocaecum parvum life history strategy, size and fecundity

Author:
Lagrue, Clément; Poulin, Robert
Source:
International journal for parasitology 2008 v.38 no.12 pp. 1435-1444
ISSN:
0020-7519
Subject:
Acanthocephala; Amphipoda; Microphallus; adults; birds; egg production; fecundity; fish; helminths; intermediate hosts; interspecific competition; intraspecific competition; larvae; life history; metacercariae; sympatry; New Zealand
Abstract:
... Larval helminths often share intermediate hosts with other individuals of the same or different species. Competition for resources and/or conflicts over transmission routes are likely to influence both the association patterns between species and the life history strategies of each individual. Parasites sharing common intermediate hosts may have evolved ways to avoid or associate with other specie ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijpara.2008.04.006

73. Modeling the Effects of Potential Salinity Shifts on the Recovery of Striped Bass in the Savannah River Estuary, Georgia-South Carolina, United States

Author:
Reinert, Thomas R.; Peterson, James T.
Source:
Environmental management 2008 v.41 no.5 pp. 753-765
ISSN:
0364-152X
Subject:
Morone saxatilis; adults; egg production; eggs; estuaries; freshwater; harbors (waterways); larvae; life history; models; probability; remediation; rivers; salinity; savannas; spawning; United States
Abstract:
... Increased salinity in spawning and nursery grounds in the Savannah River estuary was cited as the primary cause of a 97% decrease in adult striped bass (Morone saxatilis) and a concomitant 96% decrease in striped bass egg production. Restoration efforts focused on environmental remediation and stock enhancement have resulted in restored salinity patterns and increased egg and adult abundances. How ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00267-008-9082-x
PubMed:
18293031

74. The life cycles of two coexisting copepods, Calanus chilensis and Centropages brachiatus, in the upwelling zone off northern Chile (23°S)

Author:
Pamela Hidalgo; Ruben Escribano
Source:
Marine biology 2008 v.155 no.4 pp. 429-442
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Calanus; adults; body length; correlation; egg production; females; models; periodicity; population dynamics; secondary productivity; sex ratio; spectral analysis; temperature; time series analysis; Chile
Abstract:
... A time series study of the copepods Calanus chilensis and Centropages brachiatus was carried out at the coastal upwelling zone of Mejillones (23°S, northern Chile), to analyze their annual life cycles in association with upwelling variation. These species co-exist in the upwelling zone. Weekly sampling of zooplankton and oceanographic variables including Chlorophyll-a and phytoplankton composition ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-008-1041-9

75. Are monoalgal diets inferior to plurialgal diets to maximize cultivation of the calanoid copepod Temora stylifera?

Author:
I. Buttino; A. Ianora; S. Buono; V. Vitello; G. Sansone; A. Miralto
Source:
Marine biology 2009 v.156 no.6 pp. 1171-1182
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Copepoda; Prorocentrum; diet; foods; phytoplankton; fecundity; Isochrysis galbana; carbon; hatching; egg production; Rhodomonas; embryogenesis; eggs; Tetraselmis suecica; mortality; adults
Abstract:
... Temora stylifera adult copepods were fed with four different monoalgal diets and six combinations of the same cultures for 15 days. Fecundity, hatching success, number of cannibalized embryos, fecal pellet production, adult mortality and naupliar recruitment were compared, in order to find the best diet for this species. Phytoplankton species tested were Prorocentrum minimum (PRO); Isochrysis galb ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-009-1159-4

76. Connectivity, sustainability, and yield: bridging the gap between conventional fisheries management and marine protected areas

Author:
Botsford, Louis W.; Brumbaugh, Daniel R.; Grimes, Churchill; Kellner, Julie B.; Largier, John; O'Farrell, Michael R.; Ralston, Stephen; Soulanille, Elaine; Wespestad, Vidar
Source:
Reviews in fish biology and fisheries 2009 v.19 no.1 pp. 69-95
ISSN:
0960-3166
Subject:
adults; conservation areas; ecologists; ecosystems; egg production; fish; fisheries; fisheries management; fishermen; habitats; larvae; managers; mortality; species dispersal; swimming
Abstract:
... A substantial shift toward use of marine protected areas (MPAs) for conservation and fisheries management is currently underway. This shift to explicit spatial management presents new challenges and uncertainties for ecologists and resource managers. In particular, the potential for MPAs to change population sustainability, fishery yield, and ecosystem properties depends on the poorly understood c ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11160-008-9092-z

77. Ecophysiological attributes of adult overwintering in insects: insights from a field study of the nut weevil, Curculio nucum

Author:
BEL-VENNER, MARIE-CLAUDE; MONDY, NATHALIE; ARTHAUD, FLORENT; MARANDET, JULIEN; GIRON, DAVID; VENNER, SAMUEL; MENU, FREDERIC
Source:
Physiological entomology 2009 v.34 no.1 pp. 61-70
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Curculio nucum; adults; diapause; ecophysiology; egg production; females; field experimentation; insects; larvae; lipids; lipogenesis; metamorphosis; nutrients; nuts; overwintering; oviposition; phenology; sclerotization; spring; summer; weight loss
Abstract:
... Diapausing insect species have evolved a great diversity of life cycles, although overwintering occurs at a single development stage within most species. Understanding why diapause has evolved towards a given life stage requires investigation of both the ecological and physiological attributes. Notably, it is suggested that adult overwintering is more energy-demanding than larval overwintering but ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3032.2008.00652.x

78. Evaluating the use of the Daily Egg Production Method for stock assessment of blue mackerel, Scomber australasicus

Author:
Ward, T.M.; Rogers, P.J.; McLeay, L.J.; McGarvey, R.
Source:
Marine & freshwater research 2009 v.60 no.2 pp. 112-128
ISSN:
1323-1650
Subject:
Scomber; adults; biomass; egg production; eggs; genetic techniques and protocols; mackerel; spawning; temperature; Australia
Abstract:
... The present study evaluates the suitability of the Daily Egg Production Method (DEPM) for stock assessment of blue mackerel, Scomber australasicus and assesses methodological options for future applications. In southern Australia, estimates of mean daily egg production were higher for Californian Vertical Egg Tow (CalVET) nets than bongo nets, and in eastern Australia, were higher in October 2003 ...
DOI:
10.1071/MF08134

79. Fatty acid signatures of female Brünnich's guillemots Uria lomvia suggests reliance on local prey for replacement egg production

Author:
Jacobs, Shoshanah R.; Elliott, Kyle H.; Gaston, Anthony J.; Weber, Jean-Michel
Source:
Journal of avian biology 2009 v.40 no.3 pp. 327-336
ISSN:
0908-8857
Subject:
Uria; adults; blood lipids; breeding; chicks; egg production; eggs; energy; fatty acid composition; fatty acids; females; lipid content; males; nutrients; progeny; Nunavut
Abstract:
... The laying of smaller replacement eggs has been described as a time-saving adaptation because chicks generally grow faster once hatched than inside the egg. However, chicks hatched from smaller eggs have, potentially, lower survival. Consequently, the smaller replacement egg represents a benefit to the female in terms of preserving its own condition at a cost to their offspring. We test these idea ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1600-048X.2008.04625.x

80. Fishery-induced demographic changes in the timing of spawning: consequences for reproductive success

Author:
Wright, Peter J.; Trippel, Edward A.
Source:
Fish and fisheries 2009 v.10 no.3 pp. 283-304
ISSN:
1467-2960
Subject:
adults; demography; egg production; eggs; environmental factors; fish; juveniles; microstructure; models; otoliths; progeny; spawning; uncertainty; variance
Abstract:
... Demography can have a significant effect on reproductive timing and the magnitude of such an effect can be comparable to environmentally induced variability. This effect arises because the individuals of many fish species spawn progressively earlier within a season and may produce more egg batches over a longer period as they get older, thus extending their lifetime spawning duration. Inter-annual ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-2979.2008.00322.x

81. Food scarcity reduces female longevity of Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Author:
Gotoh, Tetsuo; Tsuchiya, Akiko
Source:
Experimental & applied acarology 2009 v.47 no.3 pp. 249-256
ISSN:
0168-8162
Subject:
Neoseiulus californicus; adults; egg production; fasting; females; foods; insects; longevity; mites; oviposition; starvation
Abstract:
... A commercial strain of Neoseiulus californicus (Spical®) has a conspicuously long postoviposition period in comparison with other strains of N. californicus or other phytoseiid mites. In many insects and mites, life span is shorter for multiple-mated females than for single-mated females, and is shorter under poor prey conditions than under ample prey conditions. We previously showed that the post ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10493-008-9215-1
PubMed:
19015939

82. In vitro schistosomicidal activity of curcumin against Schistosoma mansoni adult worms

Author:
Lizandra G. Magalhães; Carla Botelho Machado; Enyara Rezende Morais; Érika Bueno de Carvalho Moreira; Cláudia Sossai Soares; Sérgio Henrique da Silva; Ademar A. Da Silva Filho; Vanderlei Rodrigues
Source:
Parasitology research 2009 v.104 no.5 pp. 1197-1201
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Schistosoma mansoni; adults; curcumin; death; dimethyl sulfoxide; egg production; praziquantel; viability
Abstract:
... The in vitro schistosomicidal activity of curcumin (doses ranging from 5 to 100 μM) was carried out against Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. Curcumin (at 50 and 100 μM) caused death of all worms. When tested at the doses of 5 and 20 μM, it decreased the worm viability in comparison with negative (Roswell Memorial Park Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium alone or RPMI 1640 medium with 10% dimethyl sulfoxi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-008-1311-y
PubMed:
19096877

83. Life cycle of Oithona similis (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) in Kola Bay (Barents Sea)

Author:
V. G. Dvoretsky; A. G. Dvoretsky
Source:
Marine biology 2009 v.156 no.7 pp. 1433-1446
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Copepoda; adults; clutch size; egg production; hydrologic factors; population density; population dynamics; secondary productivity; spawning; summer; water temperature; winter; Barents Sea
Abstract:
... The annual population dynamics (nauplii, old copepodites CIV–CV and adults) and seasonal variations in reproductive parameters of the cyclopoid copepod Oithona similis were investigated on the basis of the data 1999–2006 in Kola Bay, a large subarctic fjord in the Barents Sea. Population density of O. similis ranged from 110 to 9,630 ind m⁻³ and averaged 1,020 ± 336 ind m⁻³. The relative abundance ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-009-1183-4

84. PENGUJIAN TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK DAUN WEDUSAN (Ageratum conyzoides) TERHADAP ULAT JANTUNG KUBIS (Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller.)

Author:
Subagiya; MK Himawati; Puspita Wulandari
Source:
Caraka Tani 2009 v.24 no.2 pp. 164-169
ISSN:
2599-2570
Subject:
Ageratum conyzoides; Crocidolomia pavonana; adults; bioassays; egg production; experimental design; leaves; pesticides; plant protection; pupation; toxicity
Abstract:
... The research concerning about the toxicity of Wedusan extract leaves on Cabbage-heart caterpillar (Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller) has been conducted in the Laboratory of Plant Protection and Green House of Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret University Surakarta. The experiment was initiated in January 2006 until January 2007. The experimental design was a randomized complete with four replications ...
DOI:
10.20961/carakatani.v24i2.14048

85. Reproductive biology of blue mackerel, Scomber australasicus, off southern and eastern Australia: suitability of the Daily Egg Production Method for stock assessment

Author:
Rogers, P.J.; Ward, T.M.; McLeay, L.J.; Lowry, M.; Saunders, R.J.; Williams, D.
Source:
Marine & freshwater research 2009 v.60 no.2 pp. 187-202
ISSN:
1323-1650
Subject:
Scomber; adults; biomass; egg production; fecundity; females; mackerel; males; oocytes; spawning; Australia; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... The present study investigated the reproductive biology of blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus) off southern and eastern Australia and assessed the suitability of the Daily Egg Production Method (DEPM) for future stock assessment. This analysis revealed that S. australasicus is a serial spawner with asynchronous oocyte development and indeterminate fecundity. S. australasicus spawns between Novem ...
DOI:
10.1071/MF07158

86. Sexually dimorphic immune response in the harem polygynous Wellington tree weta Hemideina crassidens

Author:
KELLY, CLINT D.; JENNIONS, MICHAEL D.
Source:
Physiological entomology 2009 v.34 no.2 pp. 174-179
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Hemideina; adults; body condition; egg production; encapsulation; fecundity; females; immune response; insects; longevity; males; polygyny; reproductive traits; sexual dimorphism; sexual selection; testes
Abstract:
... Adult males are often less immunocompetent than females. One explanation for this is that intense sexual selection causes males to trade-off investment in immunity with traits that increase mating success. This hypothesis is tested in the Wellington tree weta (Hemideina crassidens), a large, sexually dimorphic orthopteran insect in which males possess enormous mandibular weaponry used during fight ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3032.2009.00671.x

87. Temperature effects on fecundity, development and survival of the benthopelagic calanoid copepod, Pseudocyclops xiphophorus

Author:
Cinzia Brugnano; Letterio Guglielmo; Adrianna Ianora; Giacomo Zagami
Source:
Marine biology 2009 v.156 no.3 pp. 331-340
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Copepoda; adhesion; adulthood; adults; ambient temperature; autumn; brackish water; correlation; egg production; eggs; fecundity; lakes; longevity; population density; seasonal variation; surface temperature; surface water; survival rate; water temperature; winter
Abstract:
... The shallow-living, benthopelagic copepod species Pseudocyclops xiphophorus Wells (R Soc Edimburg 67:1967), collected over a yearly cycle from the fouling material in the brackish water Lake Faro (North-eastern Sicily), showed marked seasonal fluctuations in population abundances, with maximum numbers recorded in autumn. Highest in situ egg production rates coincided with periods of low adult and ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-008-1086-9

88. The effects of temperature and salinity on reproductive success of Temora longicornis in the Baltic Sea: a copepod coping with a tough situation

Author:
Linda Holste; Michael A. St. John; Myron A. Peck
Source:
Marine biology 2009 v.156 no.4 pp. 527-540
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Copepoda; acclimation; ad libitum feeding; adults; climate; egg production; eggs; models; mortality; osmotic stress; salinity; temperature; temporal variation; Baltic Sea
Abstract:
... At specific locations within the Baltic Sea, thermoclines and haloclines can create rapid spatial and temporal changes in temperature (T) and salinity (S) exceeding 10°C and 9 psu with seasonal ranges in temperature exceeding 20°C. These wide ranges in abiotic factors affect the distribution and abundance of Baltic Sea copepods via species-specific, physiological-based impacts on vital rates. In t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-008-1101-1

89. Atrazine reduces reproduction in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)

Author:
Tillitt, Donald E.; Papoulias, Diana M.; Whyte, Jeffrey J.; Richter, Catherine A.
Source:
Aquatic toxicology 2010 v.99 no.2 pp. 149-159
ISSN:
0166-445X
Subject:
Pimephales promelas; adults; atrazine; breeding; egg production; females; minnows; oocytes; phenotype; risk; spawning; streams
Abstract:
... Atrazine, the widely used herbicide, has shown to affect the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis in certain vertebrate species, but few studies have examined reproductive effects of this chemical on fish. Our study was designed to evaluate a population endpoint (egg production) in conjunction with histological (e.g., gonad development) and biochemical (e.g., hormone production) phenotypes associated ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.04.011
PubMed:
20471700

90. Developmental regulation of protein kinase A expression and activity in Schistosoma mansoni

Author:
Swierczewski, Brett E.; Davies, Stephen J.
Source:
International journal for parasitology 2010 v.40 no.8 pp. 929-935
ISSN:
0020-7519
Subject:
Schistosoma mansoni; adults; animal models; cAMP-dependent protein kinase; cercariae; dose response; egg production; enzyme activity; eukaryotic cells; fecundity; females; gene expression; larvae; messenger RNA; parasites; protein subunits; quantitative analysis; viability
Abstract:
... cAMP-dependent protein kinases (PKAs) are the main transducers of cAMP signalling in eukaryotic cells. Recently we reported the identification and characterisation of a PKA catalytic subunit (SmPKA-C) in Schistosoma mansoni that is required for adult schistosome viability in vitro. To gain further insights into the role of SmPKA-C in biological processes during the schistosome life cycle, we under ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijpara.2010.01.001
PubMed:
20097200
PubMed Central:
PMC2875359

91. Effect of RH-2485 on development, metamorphosis and synthesis of major proteins in female silkworm Bombyx mori

Author:
Ayyamperumal Rajathi; Jeyaraj Pandiarajan; Muthukalingan Krishnan
Source:
Biologia 2010 v.65 no.5 pp. 903-913
ISSN:
1336-9563
Subject:
moths; pupae; silk; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; silkworms; Western blotting; hemolymph; methoxyfenozide; adults; sublethal effects; fat body; choriogenesis; vitellogenin; females; storage proteins; vitellogenesis; wings; insect pests; lethal dose 50; probit analysis; models; pupation; larvae; eggs; oocytes; mortality; abdomen; instars; spinning; ovarian development; Bombyx mori; egg production
Abstract:
... Toxicological data on silkworm Bombyx mori are quite comparable to those of other lepidopteran pest insects, therefore, it is considered as a suitable model for exploring effects of any new synthetic formulations. In this study, female V instar larvae of silk moth B. mori were chosen to evaluate the lethal and sublethal toxicity effects of RH-2485 (methoxyfenozide), a non-steroidal ecdysteroid ago ...
DOI:
10.2478/s11756-010-0104-9

92. Effects of combining Beauveria bassiana and Nosema pyrausta on the mortality of Ostrinia nubilalis

Author:
Khaled Abdel Rahman; Marek Barta; Ľudovít Cagáň
Source:
Open life sciences 2010 v.5 no.4 pp. 472-480
ISSN:
2391-5412
Subject:
Beauveria bassiana; Nosema pyrausta; Ostrinia nubilalis; adults; conidia; egg production; eggs; females; fungi; insects; instars; larvae; longevity; mortality; pathogens
Abstract:
... We tested the combined effect of the fungus Beauveria bassiana and the microsporidium Nosema pyrausta on the European corn borer larvae, Ostrinia nubilalis, in the laboratory. The first instar of O. nubilalis larvae was the most sensitive to the B. bassiana infection followed by the fifth, second, third, and fourth instar (LC50s were 4.91, 6.67, 7.13, 9.15, and 6.51 × 105 conidia/ml for the first ...
DOI:
10.2478/s11535-010-0035-z

93. In vitro schistosomicidal effects of some phloroglucinol derivatives from Dryopteris species against Schistosoma mansoni adult worms

Author:
Magalhães, Lizandra G.; Kapadia, Govind J.; da Silva Tonuci, Lígia R.; Caixeta, Soraya C.; Parreira, Natállia A.; Rodrigues, Vanderlei; Da Silva Filho, Ademar A.
Source:
Parasitology research 2010 v.106 no.2 pp. 395-401
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Dryopteris; Schistosoma mansoni; adults; death; egg production; eggs; oxidative phosphorylation; praziquantel; rhizomes; tapeworms; viability
Abstract:
... The rhizomes of Dryopteris species have popularly been used as vermifuge in flatworm infections. The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro schistosomicidal activity of some phloroglucinol compounds, obtained from the rhizomes of Dryopteris species, against Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. All worm pairs were dead after 24 h of incubation with aspidin 25 to 100 μM (1), flavaspidic acid 50 a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-009-1674-8
PubMed:
19898869

94. Longevity and fecundity of Eulophus pennicornis, an ectoparasitoid of the tomato moth Lacanobia oleracea, is affected by nutritional state and diet quality

Author:
Wakefield, Maureen E.; Bell, Howard A.; Gatehouse, Angharad M.R.
Source:
Agricultural and forest entomology 2010 v.12 no.1 pp. 19-27
ISSN:
1461-9555
Subject:
Eulophus pennicornis; Galanthus nivalis; Lacanobia oleracea; adults; agglutinins; concanavalin A; direct contact; egg production; eggs; environmental impact; fecundity; feeding behavior; females; food intake; honey; honeydew; hosts; insect pests; longevity; moths; nectar; nutritional adequacy; nutritional status; parasitoids; poisoning; pollen; resorption; taste; tomatoes; transgenes; transgenic plants
Abstract:
... 1 Adult female Eulophus pennicornis require a source of nutrition, provided by sources such as pollen, nectar and honeydew or by host feeding, to promote longevity and facilitate egg production. There is potential for parasitoids to be exposed directly to contaminants, including gene products in transgenic crops, through feeding on plant materials, honeydew or hosts. Among such potential contamina ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1461-9563.2009.00441.x

95. Males of the two-spotted spider mite attempt to copulate with mated females: effects of double mating on fitness of either sex

Author:
Oku, Keiko
Source:
Experimental & applied acarology 2010 v.50 no.2 pp. 107-113
ISSN:
0168-8162
Subject:
Tetranychus urticae; adults; copulation; daughters; egg production; genes; male effect; males; virgin females
Abstract:
... In Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), when the intervals between first and second copulation are more than 24 h, only the first copulation is effective for females. Therefore, adult males should copulate only with virgin females, but not with females that copulated more than 1 day ago. Indeed, T. urticae males preferred virgin females to mated females under dual choice conditions. In the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10493-009-9306-7
PubMed:
19760507

96. Oviposicao, desenvolvimento e reproducao de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em diferentes hospedeiros de importância econômica

Author:
Barros, Eduardo M.; Torres, Jorge B.; Bueno, Adeney F.
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2010 v.39 no.6 pp. 996-1001
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
Spodoptera frugiperda; adults; bolls; corn; cotton; cover crops; diet; egg production; host plants; immatures; larvae; leaves; longevity; millets; neonates; oviposition; plastic greenhouses; pupal development; rearing; soybeans
Abstract:
... The host selection for oviposition by Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) among corn, millet, cotton and soybean, and its relationship with the biological characteristics were investigated. Free and non-choice tests for oviposition using plots containing five plants each, from each host in plastic greenhouse, resulted in similar oviposition preference among the host plants. In addition, selected bi ...
DOI:
10.1590/S1519-566X2010000600023

97. Physiological trade-offs between flight muscle and reproductive development in the wing-dimorphic cricket Velarifictorus ornatus

Author:
Zhao, Lv-Quan; Zhu, Dao-Hong; Zeng, Yang
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 2010 v.135 no.3 pp. 288-294
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Gryllidae; adults; body weight; egg production; eggs; females; flight muscles; males; morphs; oviposition; testes
Abstract:
... Morphology, flight muscles, and reproductive development were compared between long-winged (LW) and short-winged (SW) morphs of the cricket Velarifictorus ornatus (Shiraki) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). There was no difference in body weight and pre-oviposition between the two morphs, but LW individuals had better-developed flight muscles than SW individuals during and after emergence of the adult. The ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.2010.00989.x

98. Roles of microalgae on total egg production over female lifespan and egg incubation time, naupliar and copepodite survival, sex ratio and female life expectancy of the copepod Bestiolina similis

Author:
Camus, Thomas; Zeng, Chaoshu
Source:
Aquaculture research 2010 v.41 no.11 pp. 1717-1726
ISSN:
1355-557X
Subject:
Chaetoceros muelleri; Isochrysis; Pavlova salina; Tetraselmis chuii; adults; diet; egg incubation; egg production; eggs; females; longevity; microalgae; mortality; sex ratio
Abstract:
... We examined the effects of 10 microalgal diets on a range of productivity-related parameters of Bestiolina similis. The diets tested included four monoalgal diets: Tahitian strain Isochrysis sp. (T-Iso), Pavlova salina (Pav), Tetraselmis chuii (Tet) and the diatom Chaetoceros muelleri (Chaet), five binary diets: Tet+Pav, T-Iso+Tet, T-Iso+Pav, Chaet+Tet and Chaet+Pav and a tri-algal diet: T-Iso+Tet ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2109.2010.02565.x

99. Self-organization of populations of polistine wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)

Author:
Rusina, L. Yu.
Source:
Entomological revue 2010 v.90 no.7 pp. 811-829
ISSN:
0013-8738
Subject:
longevity; nests; fecundity; melanin; social structure; population density; egg production; population growth; larvae; Polistes dominula; parasitic wasps; adults; Ukraine; Black Sea
Abstract:
... In a natural population of Polistes dominulus (Christ) in the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve, Ukraine, the fluctuations of the number of nests founded were monitored in 1992-2008; the variations in the spatial and ethological structure of populations as well as in the colony organization patterns were examined. The highest indices of foundress fecundity (daily egg production, the foundress longevity ...
DOI:
10.1134/S001387381007002X

100. Too hot to handle? Phenological and life-history responses to simulated climate change of the southern green stink bug Nezara viridula (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Author:
MUSOLIN, DMITRY L.; TOUGOU, DAISUKE; FUJISAKI, KENJI
Source:
Global change biology 2010 v.16 no.1 pp. 73-87
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Nezara viridula; adults; autumn; color; egg masses; egg production; eggs; females; global warming; insects; life history; longevity; molting; nymphs; overwintering; rearing; spring; summer; survival rate; temperature; winter; Japan
Abstract:
... The effect of simulated climate change on Nezara viridula was studied close to the species' northern range limit in Japan. Insects from the same egg masses were reared for 15 months in 10 consecutive series under quasi-natural (i.e. outdoor) conditions and in a transparent incubator, in which climate warming was simulated by adding 2.5 °C to the outdoor temperature. The warming strongly affected a ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01914.x