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1. Phylogeography of island canary (Serinus canaria) populations

Author:
Christian Dietzen; Cornelia Voigt; Michael Wink; Manfred Gahr; Stefan Leitner
Source:
Journal für Ornithologie 2006 v.147 no.3 pp. 485-494
ISSN:
2193-7192
Subject:
Serinus canaria; beak; body weight; breeding; canaries; cytochrome b; gene flow; genes; genetic distance; genetic variation; habitats; islands; nucleotide sequences; phylogeography; Azores; Canary Islands
Abstract:
... Island canaries (Serinus canaria) are characterised as a species living exclusively on North Atlantic islands, mainly on the Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands. Although they are very common in their habitats, their behaviour and breeding system has only recently been studied systematically. To advance the understanding of their ecology and to see if the rather isolated archipelagos are already pr ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10336-005-0044-2

2. A new isolate of beak and feather disease virus from endemic wild red-fronted parakeets (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) in New Zealand

Author:
Ortiz-Catedral, Luis; Kurenbach, Brigitta; Massaro, Melanie; McInnes, Kate; Brunton, Dianne H.; Hauber, Mark E.; Martin, Darren P.; Varsani, Arvind
Source:
Archives of virology 2010 v.155 no.4 pp. 613-620
ISSN:
0304-8608
Subject:
Beak and feather disease virus; beak; feathers; genes; genotype; parakeets; parrots; phylogeny; viruses; Australia; Europe; New Zealand; Thailand
Abstract:
... Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a viral disease distributed worldwide with a potentially critical impact on many rare parrots. While efforts have been made to determine its prevalence in wild and captive psittacines, only limited work has been done to document complete genomes of its causative agent, beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Here, we describe five full genomes of BFDV i ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00705-010-0607-2
PubMed:
20180139

3. Two developmental modules establish 3D beak-shape variation in Darwin's finches

Author:
Mallarino, Ricardo; Grant, Peter R.; Grant, B. Rosemary; Herrel, Anthony; Kuo, Winston P.; Abzhanov, Arhat
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011 v.108 no.10 pp. 4057-4062
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Passeriformes; adults; beak; birds; cartilage; complementary DNA; gene expression regulation; genes; microarray technology; morphogenesis; niches; program planning; skeleton
Abstract:
... Bird beaks display tremendous variation in shape and size, which is closely associated with the exploitation of multiple ecological niches and likely played a key role in the diversification of thousands of avian species. Previous studies have demonstrated some of the molecular mechanisms that regulate morphogenesis of the prenasal cartilage, which forms the initial beak skeleton. However, much of ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1011480108
PubMed:
21368127
PubMed Central:
PMC3053969

4. Rapid Evolution of Beta-Keratin Genes Contribute to Phenotypic Differences That Distinguish Turtles and Birds from Other Reptiles

Author:
Yang I. Li; Lesheng Kong; Chris P. Ponting; Wilfried Haerty
Source:
Genome biology and evolution 2013 v.5 no.5 pp. 923-933
Subject:
Chelonia mydas; Chrysemys picta; Pelodiscus sinensis; Pseudomys; ancestry; beak; birds; claws; feathers; gene duplication; genes; phenotype; phylogeny; proteins; turtles
Abstract:
... Sequencing of vertebrate genomes permits changes in distinct protein families, including gene gains and losses, to be ascribed to lineage-specific phenotypes. A prominent example of this is the large-scale duplication of beta-keratin genes in the ancestors of birds, which was crucial to the subsequent evolution of their beaks, claws, and feathers. Evidence suggests that the shell of Pseudomys nels ...
DOI:
10.1093/gbe/evt060
PubMed:
23576313
PubMed Central:
PMC3673632

5. Vaucheria zapotecana (Xanthophyceae), a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico

Author:
Manuel Bonilla-Rodríguez; Gloria Garduño-Solórzano; Martha Martínez-García; Jorge E. Campos; Alejandro Cruz Monsalvo-Reyes; Rafael Emiliano Quintanar-Zúñiga
Source:
Phycologia 2013 v.52 no.6 pp. 550-556
ISSN:
2330-2968
Subject:
Santa Gertrudis; Vaucheria; beak; gametophores; genes; new species; oogonia; oospores; phylogeny; rivers; Mexico
Abstract:
... Bonilla-Rodríguez M., Garduño-Solórzano G., Martínez-García M., Campos J.E., Monsalvo-Reyes A.C. and Quintanar-Zúñiga R.E. 2013. Vaucheria zapotecana (Xanthophyceae), a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico. Phycologia 52: 550–556. DOI: 10.2216/13-162.1 A new species of Vaucheria was isolated from the Santa Gertrudis River in Oaxaca, Mexico. This taxon was distinguished from the other six species in the ...
DOI:
10.2216/13-162.1

6. Evidence for a single loss of mineralized teeth in the common avian ancestor

Author:
Robert W. Meredith; Guojie Zhang; M. Thomas P. Gilbert; Erich D. Jarvis; Mark S. Springer
Source:
Science 2014 v.346 no.6215 pp. 1254390
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
beak; birds; enamel; genes; gizzard; mammals; mineralization; mutation; teeth; turtles
Abstract:
... Edentulism, the absence of teeth, has evolved convergently among vertebrates, including birds, turtles, and several lineages of mammals. Instead of teeth, modern birds (Neornithes) use a horny beak (rhamphotheca) and a muscular gizzard to acquire and process food. We performed comparative genomic analyses representing lineages of nearly all extant bird orders and recovered shared, inactivating mut ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1254390

7. Molecular analysis and associated pathology of beak and feather disease virus isolated in Italy from young Congo African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) with an “atypical peracute form” of the disease

Author:
Patrizia Robino; Elena Grego; Giacomo Rossi; Elena Bert; Clara Tramuta; Maria Cristina Stella; Pierfrancesco Bertoni; Patrizia Nebbia
Source:
Avian pathology 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 333-344
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Beak and feather disease virus; Psittacus erithacus; antigens; apoptosis; beak; breeding; coat proteins; cytoplasm; feathers; food safety; genes; parrots; viruses; Italy; Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... This study is the first report on the genetic and pathogenic characterization of beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) occurring in Italy. Twenty BFDV strains isolated in Italy from juvenile Congo African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) were investigated. Seventeen strains showed an “atypical peracute form” (aPF) of the disease, and three a chronic form (CF). The birds with aPF had been weaned, ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2014.934660

8. Natural infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 in domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Egypt

Author:
Shimaa M. G. Mansour; Reham M. ElBakrey; Haytham Ali; David E. B. Knudsen; Amal A. M. Eid
Source:
Avian pathology 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 319-324
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Columba livia; Influenza A virus; ataxia (disorder); beak; blood vessels; brain; chickens; conjunctivitis; diarrhea; genes; hemagglutinins; humans; intravenous injection; lungs; mortality; necropsy; oropharynx; paralysis; pathogenicity; pigeons; torticollis; virus transmission; viruses; Egypt
Abstract:
... The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 threatens animal and human health worldwide. Susceptibility of pigeons to HPAIV (H5N1) and their role in avian influenza virus transmission to domestic birds and humans remain questionable. In this study, an outbreak in domestic pigeons (1 to 18 months old) with 50% mortality was investigated. Pigeons exhibited nervous manifestations ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2014.926002

9. Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease–like Illness in Gouldian Finches (Chloebia gouldiae)

Author:
Circella Elena; Legretto Marilisa; Pugliese Nicola; Caroli Anna; Bozzo Giancarlo; Accogli Gianluca; Lavazza Antonio; Camarda Antonio
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 482-487
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
beak; sequence analysis; immunosuppression; Circovirus; flocks; Psittaciformes; amino acids; viruses; genes; bird diseases; Erythrura gouldiae; birds
Abstract:
... Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) is a member of the genus Circovirus and causes psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) in Psittaciformes. PBFD is a severe disease generally characterized by immunodeficiency and beak and feather disorders. Although Circovirus spp. have been detected in several nonpsittacine species, little is known about the symptoms and the disease associated with this in ...
DOI:
10.1637/10745-121113Case.1

10. An eye for beauty: Lateralized visual stimulation of courtship behavior and mate preferences in male zebra finches, Taeniopygia guttata

Author:
Jennifer J. Templeton; Brianna G. McCracken; Melissa Sher; D. James Mountjoy
Source:
Behavioural processes 2014 v.102 pp. 33-39
ISSN:
0376-6357
Subject:
Taeniopygia guttata; beak; cognition; color; courtship; eyes; females; genes; males; sexual selection
Abstract:
... Research on intersexual selection focuses on traits that have evolved for attracting mates and the consequences of mate choice. However, little is known about the cognitive and neural mechanisms that allow choosers to discriminate among potential mates and express an attraction to specific traits. Preferential use of the right eye during lateral displays in zebra finches, and lateralized expressio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.beproc.2013.11.001

11. Fine‐scale diet of the Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea) using DNA‐based analysis of faeces

Author:
Kristian J. Peters; Kathy Ophelkeller; Nathan J. Bott; Bruce E. Deagle; Simon N. Jarman; Simon D. Goldsworthy
Source:
Marine ecology 2015 v.36 no.3 pp. 347-367
ISSN:
0173-9565
Subject:
DNA primers; Labridae; Loliginidae; Monacanthidae; Mullidae; Octopodidae; Otariidae; Sepiidae; beak; breeding; diet; feces; females; fish; genes; goats; mitochondrial DNA; otoliths; polymerase chain reaction; squid; trophic relationships; South Australia
Abstract:
... We applied DNA‐based faecal analysis to determine the diet of female Australian sea lions (n = 12) from two breeding colonies in South Australia. DNA dietary components of fish and cephalopods were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction and mitochondrial DNA primers targeting the short (~100 base pair) section of the 16S gene region. Prey diversity was determined by sequencing ~50 amplicons ...
DOI:
10.1111/maec.12145

12. Identification and functional analysis of novel facial patterning genes in the duplicated beak chicken embryo

Author:
Suresh Nimmagadda; Marcela Buchtová; Katherine Fu; Poongodi Geetha-Loganathan; Sara Hosseini-Farahabadi; Alexander J. Trachtenberg; Winston Patrick Kuo; Iva Vesela; Joy M. Richman
Source:
Developmental biology 2015 v.407 no.2 pp. 275-288
ISSN:
0012-1606
Subject:
Retroviridae; beak; bone morphogenetic proteins; chickens; data collection; egg tooth; face; gene expression regulation; genes; humans; microarray technology; morphogenesis; neural crest; retinoic acid; signal transduction; skeleton; transcription factors; transcriptome; viruses
Abstract:
... Cranial neural crest cells form the majority of the facial skeleton. However exactly when the pattering information and hence jaw identity is established is not clear. We know that premigratory neural crest cells contain a limited amount of information about the lower jaw but the upper jaw and facial midline are specified later by local tissue interactions. The environmental signals leading to fro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.09.007

13. Avian malaria in a boreal resident species: long-term temporal variability, and increased prevalence in birds with avian keratin disorder

Author:
Laura C. Wilkinson; Colleen M. Handel; Caroline Van Hemert; Claire Loiseau; Ravinder N.M. Sehgal
Source:
International journal for parasitology 2016 v.46 no.4 pp. 281-290
ISSN:
0020-7519
Subject:
Plasmodium; Poecile atricapillus; avian malaria; beak; birds; blood sampling; climate change; correlation; cytochrome b; environmental factors; genes; keratin; latitude; monitoring; parasites; prediction; sequence analysis; summer; temperature; temporal variation; weather; Alaska
Abstract:
... The prevalence of vector-borne parasitic diseases is widely influenced by biological and ecological factors. Environmental conditions such as temperature and precipitation can have a marked effect on haemosporidian parasites (Plasmodium spp.) that cause malaria and those that cause other malaria-like diseases in birds. However, there have been few long-term studies monitoring haemosporidian infect ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.12.008

14. Dual ATPase and GTPase activity of the replication-associated protein (Rep) of beak and feather disease virus

Author:
Shr-Wei Huang; Hao-Ping Liu; Jui-Kai Chen; Yao-Wen Shien; Min-Liang Wong; Chi-Young Wang
Source:
Virus research 2016 v.213 pp. 149-161
ISSN:
0168-1702
Subject:
Beak and feather disease virus; DNA; adenosine triphosphate; adenosinetriphosphatase; beak; calcium; claws; feathers; gene expression regulation; genes; guanosine triphosphate; guanosinetriphosphatase; immunosuppression; ions; linoleic acid; magnesium; mutants; nucleosides; open reading frames; pH; parrots; polynucleotides; replication origin; ribonucleotides; sodium; sodium azide; substrate specificity; temperature
Abstract:
... Psittacine beak and feather disease affects parrots resulting in an immunosuppressive disease that is often characterized by an abnormal shape and growth of the animal’s beak, feathers, and claws. Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) is a single-stranded circular DNA virus and is classified as a member of the Circoviridae family. Two major open reading frames (ORFs) are known to encode the replic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.virusres.2015.12.001

15. Ecomorphological differences in foraging and pattering behavior among storm-petrels in the eastern Pacific Ocean

Author:
Sausner Josh; Torres-Mura Juan Carlos; Robertson Jeanne; Hertel Fritz
Source:
The Auk 2016 v.133 no.3 pp. 397-414
ISSN:
1938-4254
Subject:
Hydrobates pelagicus; beak; cluster analysis; discriminant analysis; foraging; genes; monophyly; seabirds; species diversity; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... For closely related species, differences in morphology can provide insight into the evolutionary history of a taxonomic group, as well as mechanisms for ecological segregation. Storm-petrels are among the smallest seabirds, and their greatest taxonomic diversity occurs in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Some storm-petrels exhibit a unique foraging behavior, known as “pattering” or “sea-anchor soaring,” ...
DOI:
10.1642/AUK-15-158.1

16. Genomic variation at the tips of the adaptive radiation of Darwin's finches

Author:
Jaime A. Chaves; Elizabeth A. Cooper; Andrew P. Hendry; Jeffrey Podos; Luis F. De León; Joost A. M. Raeymaekers; W.Owen MacMillan; J. Albert C. Uy
Source:
Molecular ecology 2016 v.25 no.21 pp. 5282-5295
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
DNA; Geospiza; adaptive radiation; beak; body size; branches; genes; genetic variation; loci; principal component analysis; roots; single nucleotide polymorphism; sympatry
Abstract:
... Adaptive radiation unfolds as selection acts on the genetic variation underlying functional traits. The nature of this variation can be revealed by studying the tips of an ongoing adaptive radiation. We studied genomic variation at the tips of the Darwin's finch radiation; specifically focusing on polymorphism within, and variation among, three sympatric species of the genus Geospiza. Using restri ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.13743

17. Introgressive hybridization and natural selection in Darwin's finches

Author:
Peter R. Grant; B. Rosemary Grant
Source:
Biological journal of the Linnean Society 2016 v.117 no.4 pp. 812-822
ISSN:
0024-4066
Subject:
Daphne; Fringillidae; backcrossing; beak; breeding season; drought; genes; genetic improvement; genetic variation; introgression; mortality; natural selection; population growth; Galapagos Islands
Abstract:
... Introgressive hybridization, i.e. hybridization with backcrossing, can lead to the fusion of two species, but it can also lead to evolution of a new trajectory through an enhancement of genetic variation in a new or changed ecological environment. On Daphne Major Island in the Galápagos archipelago, ~1–2% of Geospiza fortis finches breed with the resident G. scandens and with the rare immigrant sp ...
DOI:
10.1111/bij.12702

18. Study on LOC426217 as a candidate gene for beak deformity in chicken

Author:
Hao Bai; Yanyan Sun; Jing Zhu; Nian Liu; Dongli Li; Fuguang Xue; Yunlei Li; Jilan Chen
Source:
BMC genetics 2016 v.17 no.1 pp. 44
ISSN:
1471-2156
Subject:
DNA; abnormal development; animal welfare; beak; chickens; claws; drinking; feed intake; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; haplotypes; loci; partridges; poultry industry; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; single nucleotide polymorphism; tissues; China
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The beak deformity (crossed beaks) was found in some indigenous chickens of China, such as Beijing-You (BJY), Qingyuan Partridge, and Huxu Chickens. Birds with deformed beaks have reduced feed intake and drinking, impeded growth rate, and poor production performance. Beak deformity reduces the economy of poultry industry and affects animal welfare as well. The genetic basis of this mal ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12863-016-0353-x
PubMed:
26891797
PubMed Central:
PMC4758156

19. The phylogenetic and recombinational analysis of beak and feather disease virus Taiwan isolates

Author:
Shr-Wei Huang; Yu-Chung Chiang; Chien-Yu Chin; Pin-Chi Tang; Pan-Chen Liu; Chi-Young Wang
Source:
Archives of virology 2016 v.161 no.11 pp. 2969-2988
ISSN:
0304-8608
Subject:
Beak and feather disease virus; amino acid sequences; beak; coat proteins; cold; genes; intergenic DNA; nucleotide sequences; parrots; phylogeny; polymerase chain reaction; screening; single-stranded DNA; topology; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) is an avian circovirus, and it has a single-stranded DNA genome. It causes a fatal disease in parrots called psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD). After screening of samples collected from Taiwan using PCR, complete genome sequences of isolates from 21 samples from various species of parrot were obtained. The nucleotide sequences of the replication-assoc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00705-016-2963-z

20. Aviisotricha hoazini n. gen., n. sp., the Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of an Anaerobic Ciliate from the Crop of the Hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoazin), the Cow Among the Birds

Author:
Christian F. Bardele; Sigrid Schultheiß; Denis H. Lynn; André-Denis G. Wright; Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello; Nestor E. Obispo
Source:
Protist 2017 v.168 no.3 pp. 335-351
ISSN:
1434-4610
Subject:
beak; foregut; ribosomal RNA; phylogeny; digestion; scanning electron microscopy; genes; cows; odors; new genus; fermentation; Entodiniomorphida; transmission electron microscopy; Eubacteria; Dasytricha; taxonomic revisions; Balantioides; Isotricha; birds; staining; Archaea; vegetation
Abstract:
... The hoatzin is the only known avian species that has evolved a foregut fermentation system similar to that of ruminant animals. Due to the closeness of the bird’s fermentation chamber, the crop, to the bird’s beak it exudes an unpleasant odour; therefore, the hoatzin is called the “cow among the birds”. In addition to Eubacteria and Archaea, responsible for digestion of the vegetation they consume ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.protis.2017.02.002

21. Evolution of beak morphology in the Ground Tit revealed by comparative transcriptomics

Author:
Yalin Cheng; Bin Gao; Haitao Wang; Naijian Han; Shimiao Shao; Shaoyuan Wu; Gang Song; Yong E. Zhang; Xiaojia Zhu; Xin Lu; Yanhua Qu; Fumin Lei
Source:
Frontiers in zoology 2017 v.14 no.1 pp. 58
ISSN:
1742-9994
Subject:
Parus major; Pseudopodoces humilis; beak; chickens; ecology; embryology; gene expression regulation; genes; life history; morphogenesis; morphometry; osteoblasts; osteoclasts; phylogeny; plasticity; plateaus; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; skeletal development; transcription (genetics); transcriptomics; China
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Beak morphology exhibits considerable adaptive plasticity in birds, which results in highly varied or specialized forms in response to variations in ecology and life history. As the only parid species endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Ground Tit (Parus humilis) has evolved a distinctly long and curved beak from other parids. An integration of morphometrics, phylogenetics, trans ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12983-017-0245-6
PubMed:
29299037
PubMed Central:
PMC5740785

22. Review: cornification, morphogenesis and evolution of feathers

Author:
Lorenzo Alibardi
Source:
Protoplasma 2017 v.254 no.3 pp. 1259-1281
ISSN:
0033-183X
Subject:
amino acids; beak; chemical elements; chicks; chromosomes; claws; epithelium; evolution; feathers; flight; genes; histology; models; morphogenesis; proteins; setae (animal)
Abstract:
... Feathers are corneous microramifications of variable complexity derived from the morphogenesis of barb ridges. Histological and ultrastructural analyses on developing and regenerating feathers clarify the three-dimensional organization of cells in barb ridges. Feather cells derive from folds of the embryonic epithelium of feather germs from which barb/barbule cells and supportive cells organize in ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00709-016-1019-2

23. Characterization of a canarypox virus from an outbreak among canaries (Serinus canaria domesticus) in Lebanon

Author:
Houssam Shaib; Elie Barbour
Source:
Journal of applied animal research 2018 v.46 no.1 pp. 932-937
ISSN:
0974-1844
Subject:
Canarypox virus; Mycoplasma gallisepticum; Serinus canaria; beak; biosecurity; breeding; canaries; death; esophagus; eyelids; farms; feet; genes; heterophils; histopathology; hyperplasia; liver; lungs; mixed infection; pathogens; pets; polymerase chain reaction; Lebanon
Abstract:
... A canarypox outbreak resulted in the death of about 50% of canaries (Serinus canaria domesticus) in several breeding farms in Lebanon. Infected birds showed thickened eye lid and skin scab-like lesions at the beak, foot and caudal regions and died 5–6 days post disease symptoms onset. Out of seven sick birds that were autopsied for gross pathology evaluation, one bird demonstrated turbid airsacs w ...
DOI:
10.1080/09712119.2018.1434079

24. Crossed beaks in a local Swiss chicken breed

Author:
Sara Joller; Flurina Bertschinger; Erwin Kump; Astrid Spiri; Alois von Rotz; Daniela Schweizer-Gorgas; Cord Drögemüller; Christine Flury
Source:
BMC veterinary research 2018 v.14 no.1 pp. 68
ISSN:
1746-6148
Subject:
beak; breeding; chicken breeds; chickens; computed tomography; genes; genetic factors; genome-wide association study; genotyping; homozygosity; keratin; maceration; parents; phenotype; progeny; single nucleotide polymorphism; skull; veterinary medicine
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Crossed beaks have been reported to occur in Appenzeller Barthuhn, a local Swiss chicken breed. The assumed causes for this beak deformity which are also seen in other bird species including domestic chickens, range from environmental influences to genetic factors. The aim of this project was to characterize the prevalence, the phenotype, and the underlying genetics of crossed beaks in ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12917-018-1398-z
PubMed:
29506524
PubMed Central:
PMC5838925

25. A Destructive Leaf Spot and Blight Caused by Alternaria kareliniae sp. nov. on a Sand-Stabilizing Plant, Caspian Sea Karelinia

Author:
Biao Xu; Jiage Song; Pinggen Xi; Minhui Li; Tom Hsiang; Zide Jiang
Source:
Plant disease 2018 v.102 no.1 pp. 172-178
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; adenosinetriphosphatase; agar; basins; beak; blight; calmodulin; carrots; disease control; fungi; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; mortality; new species; pathogen identification; pathogenicity; peptide elongation factors; phylogeny; potatoes; stems; translation (genetics); Caspian Sea; China
Abstract:
... Leaf spots and stem lesions causing widespread mortality of Caspian Sea karelinia (Karelinia caspia) were observed in desert regions of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. Fifteen samples were collected from five widely distributed counties of Tarim and Junggar Basins in 2016. The pathogen was identified using morphological observations and phylogenetic analyses based on combined partial seq ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-06-17-0842-RE

26. Detection of Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Spot on Rumex obtusifolius in Southern Brazil

Author:
R. Moccellin; C. Bellé; T. E. Kaspary; M. Z. Groth; B. Rohrig; L. Cutti; G. Casarotto
Source:
Plant disease 2018 v.102 no.8 pp. 1656
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Citrus; DNA primers; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Rumex obtusifolius; apples; beak; conidia; conidiophores; crop yield; culture media; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; grasslands; growth chambers; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; mycelium; nutritive value; pathogenicity; pathogens; peptide elongation factors; perennial weeds; plastic bags; polymerase chain reaction; relative humidity; rice; sodium hypochlorite; soybeans; sugarcane; translation (genetics); wheat; Brazil; Europe
Abstract:
... Rumex obtusifolius L., commonly known as bitter or butter dock, is a perennial weed belonging to the family Polygonaceae, which is native to Brazil and Europe. This weed infests grassland and crop field areas where rice, sugarcane, soybean, wheat, apple, and citrus grows. It decreases crop yield and reduces the forage feeding value of grasslands (Marten et al. 1987; Zaller 2004). In September 2016 ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-12-17-2038-PDN

27. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Postharvest Fruit Rot of Jujube in Pakistan

Author:
M. W. Alam; A. Rehman; A. U. Malik; S. M. Khan; S. Ali; S. Aslam; A. Hameed; S. Sarfraz
Source:
Plant disease 2018 v.102 no.2 pp. 452
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA; Ziziphus mauritiana; air drying; beak; conidia; conidiophores; cultivars; culture media; disease incidence; fruits; fungi; genes; markets; pathogen identification; pathogenicity; pathogens; photoperiod; plant rots; polygalacturonase; relative humidity; sodium hypochlorite; sprayers; spraying; tissues; China; India; Korean Peninsula; Pakistan; United States
Abstract:
... Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk), commonly known as “ber,” is a minor fruit in Pakistan that is cultivated on an area of 5.129 ha. In January 2017, severe fruit rot disease was observed in several markets located in the Faisalabad (31°25′15.7620″N, 73°5′21.4584″E) district of Punjab-Pakistan, with disease incidence ranging from 15 to 26%. Initially, small, oval, light to dark brown lesions (1 to ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-09-17-1430-PDN

28. First Report of Alternaria arborescens Species Complex Causing Leaf Blotch and Associated Premature Leaf Drop of ‘Golden Delicious’ Apple Trees in the Netherlands

Author:
M. Wenneker; K. T. K. Pham; J. H. C. Woudenberg; B. P. H. J. Thomma
Source:
Plant disease 2018 v.102 no.8 pp. 1654
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria arborescens; DNA; Malus domestica; apples; beak; branching; conidia; conidiophores; cultivars; culture media; defoliation; droplets; ethanol; fruits; fungi; genes; growing season; internal transcribed spacers; leaf blotch; leaves; loci; orchards; polygalacturonase; runoff; sequence analysis; sporulation; surveys; trees; Netherlands
Abstract:
... Apple (Malus domestica) is an important fruit crop in the Netherlands, with a total production area of 7,600 ha in 2016, and 1,600 ha of fruit tree nurseries. For decades, fruit growers and nurseries have reported a leaf blotch, characterized by irregular light brown spots, bordered by a dark brown to purple margin, and premature leaf drop, mainly on ‘Golden Delicious’. The disease causes severe, ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-18-0089-PDN

29. First Report of Black Pit of Potato Caused by Alternaria alternata in Pakistan

Author:
S. Iftikhar; A. A. Shahid; K. Nawaz; A. Zahid; W. Anwar; M. S. Haider
Source:
Plant disease 2018 v.102 no.2 pp. 442
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA; DNA primers; Solanum tuberosum; beak; branches; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; conidia; conidiophores; culture media; databases; fungi; genes; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; mycelium; pathogen identification; pathogenicity; pathogens; polymerase chain reaction; potatoes; sodium hypochlorite; sporulation; storage temperature; surveys; taxonomic keys; texture; tubers; Pakistan
Abstract:
... During April 2015, brown- to black-colored pits, typical of the disease known as black pit, were observed on 10% of potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) during a survey of fields near the Wagha border (31.6047° N, 74.5731° E), Lahore, Pakistan. Symptoms appeared as sunken dark lesions with distinct borders and a corky to leathery texture of underlying tissue. When potato tubers were washed, black ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-06-17-0895-PDN

30. First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Alternaria alternata on Paris polyphylla var. chinensis in China

Author:
R. T. Fu; D. H. Lu; Y. X. Ke; J. Wang; C. Chen; X. S. Gong
Source:
Plant disease 2018 v.102 no.5 pp. 1032
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Liliaceae; Oriental traditional medicine; agar; air drying; allergens; beak; conidia; ethanol; fungi; genes; greenhouses; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; medicinal plants; pathogenicity; plant veins; plastic bags; polymerase chain reaction; potatoes; stems; sucrose; tissues; China
Abstract:
... Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara (family Liliaceae) is a perennial medicinal plant, mostly distributed in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guangzhou in southwest China. In China, the rhizoma of P. polyphylla, known as Chong-lou, is used in many famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) remedies such as “Yunnan Baiyao,” “Gongxuening Capsules” (Lee et al. 2005). In recent ye ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-11-17-1714-PDN

31. First Report of Leaf Spot of Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) Caused by Alternaria alternata in Italy

Author:
A. Garibaldi; G. Gilardi; S. Matic; M. L. Gullino
Source:
Plant disease 2018 v.102 no.5 pp. 1041
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA primers; Mentha piperita nothosubsp. piperita; agar; beak; carrots; conidia; cosmetics; culture media; flavor; foods; fungi; gardens; genes; genomics; glass; histones; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; mycelium; necrosis; oils; olives; pathogenicity; pharmaceutical industry; phylogeny; plastic bags; polymerase chain reaction; potatoes; ribosomal DNA; soil; streptomycin; sulfates; summer; temperature; Germany; Iran; Italy; Mediterranean region; Poland
Abstract:
... Peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) is a popular herb belonging to the Lamiaceae, extensively grown in Italy for the oil used in foods as flavor, in cosmetics, and in the pharmaceutical industry. During summer 2017, extensive necrosis was observed on leaves of peppermint grown in soil and in plastic pots in a private garden in Biella province, Northern Italy (45°36′00″N, 8°03′00″E). About 30% of the ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-09-17-1515-PDN

32. First Report of Leaf Spot of Salvia elegans Caused by Alternaria alternata in Italy

Author:
A. Garibaldi; D. Bertetti; S. Matić; M. L. Gullino
Source:
Plant disease 2018 v.102 no.5 pp. 1034
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA primers; Salvia; agar; beak; carrots; chlorosis; conidia; culture media; fungi; gardens; genes; histones; hyphae; inflorescences; inoculum; internal transcribed spacers; landscaping; leaf spot; leaves; necrosis; parks; pathogenicity; perennials; plastic bags; polymerase chain reaction; potatoes; ribosomal DNA; sage; summer; tissues; Argentina; Italy; Japan; Poland
Abstract:
... Salvia elegans (pineapple sage) is a perennial plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. This plant produces fruit-scented leaves and red inflorescences and is used for mixed plantings in borders in parks and gardens. During the summer of 2017, chlorosis and irregular brown necrosis were observed on the margins and blades of leaves of 6- to 8-month-old plants growing in a private garden located in ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-10-17-1623-PDN

33. First report of leaf spot of Hylotelephium erythrostictum caused by Alternaria alternata in Heilongjiang province of China

Author:
Y. G. Li; T. X. Zhao; J. X. Liu; G. K. H. Hua; P. Ji; B. W. Jiang
Source:
Plant disease 2018 v.102 no.7 pp. 1456
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA; DNA primers; Hylotelephium; beak; conidia; culture media; disease control; flowers; fungi; gardens; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; greenhouses; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; mercuric chloride; mycelium; pathogenicity; peptide elongation factors; polymerase chain reaction; potting mix; relative humidity; sequence analysis; translation (genetics); China
Abstract:
... Leaf spot of garden stonecrop (Hylotelephium erythrostictum [Miq.] H. Ohba) was observed at two commercial flower nurseries in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China, in July of 2015, 2016, and 2017. Disease symptoms were observed on approximately 100% of the plants and 80% of leaves were infected. Initial symptoms were small, round, gray, sunken leaf spots (0.2 to 0.6 cm in diameter) with concentri ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-09-17-1393-PDN

34. Genome‐wide detection of CNVs associated with beak deformity in chickens using high‐density 600K SNP arrays

Author:
H. Bai; Y. Sun; N. Liu; Y. Liu; F. Xue; Y. Li; S. Xu; A. Ni; J. Ye; Y. Chen; J. Chen
Source:
Animal genetics 2018 v.49 no.3 pp. 226-236
ISSN:
0268-9146
Subject:
autosomes; beak; bioinformatics; chicken breeds; chickens; copy number variation; deformation; feed intake; genes; genomics; immunoglobulins; leucine; phenotype; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; single nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract:
... Beak deformity (crossed beaks) is found in several indigenous chicken breeds including Beijing‐You studied here. Birds with deformed beaks have reduced feed intake and poor production performance. Recently, copy number variation (CNV) has been examined in many species and is recognized as a source of genetic variation, especially for disease phenotypes. In this study, to unravel the genetic mechan ...
DOI:
10.1111/age.12652

35. Innovative layer genetics to handle global challenges in egg production

Author:
Rudolf Preisinger
Source:
British poultry science 2018 v.59 no.1 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
1466-1799
Subject:
animal welfare; beak; birds; breeding; cages; cannibalism; egg production; eggs; feather pecking; feed conversion; gene pool; genes; genetic markers; genetic trend; heritability; humerus; keel bone; markets; molting; nesting; pedigree
Abstract:
... 1. In commercial layer breeding, extensive gene pools are tested and selected for market requirements which must be anticipated at least 5 years ahead. Field results confirm a continuous positive genetic trend in egg output and better feed efficiency which can be converted into land savings. 2. Animal welfare and cage-free housing dominate future needs of the market. Nesting behaviour and minimal ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071668.2018.1401828

36. Isolation and characterization of novel goose parvovirus‐related virus reveal the evolution of waterfowl parvovirus

Author:
P. Li; S. Lin; R. Zhang; J. Chen; D. Sun; J. Lan; S. Song; Z. Xie; S. Jiang
Source:
Transboundary and emerging diseases 2018 v.65 no.2 pp. e284
ISSN:
1865-1674
Subject:
Anseriform dependoparvovirus 1; Protoparvovirus; amino acids; beak; coat proteins; ducks; dwarfing; emerging diseases; geese; genes; humoral immunity; molecular biology; mutation; phylogeny; sequence analysis; vaccines; waterfowl; China
Abstract:
... Short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS) has been constantly breaking out in China since 2015. It is caused by a novel goose parvovirus‐related virus (NGPV) and can severely restrict the growth of ducks. In this study, seven NGPV stains were isolated from different regions in China between 2015 and 2016. To better understand the correlation between NGPV and goose parvovirus (GPV), we conducted comp ...
DOI:
10.1111/tbed.12751

37. Differential proteomic analysis to identify proteins associated with beak deformity in chickens

Author:
Yanyan Sun; Nian Liu; Hao Bai; Yunlei Li; Fuguang Xue; Jianhua Ye; Hui Ma; He En; Jilan Chen
Source:
Poultry science 2019 v.98 no.4 pp. 1833-1841
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
Western blotting; abnormal development; beak; biochemical pathways; bone density; calcium; cartilage; cation exchange chromatography; chicken breeds; drinking; gene expression regulation; gene ontology; genes; lipoprotein lipase; peptidylprolyl isomerase; protein synthesis; proteins; proteomics; roosters; tandem mass spectrometry
Abstract:
... The beak is the dominant avian facial feature, and beak deformity occurs in 0.5 to 2.5% of some indigenous chicken breeds, resulting in difficulties when eating, drinking, and performing natural behaviors. Previous studies on beak deformity focused largely on candidate molecules associated with skeletogenic development, providing insight into the molecular and genetic underpinnings of beak deformi ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pey519

38. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Spot on Digitalis purpurea in Italy

Author:
A. Garibaldi; G. Gilardi; S. Matic; M. L. Gullino
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.7 pp. 1770
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Digitalis purpurea; Scrophulariaceae; beak; conidia; conidiophores; fungal diseases of plants; gardens; genes; genomics; greenhouses; leaf spot; leaves; mycelium; necrosis; pathogenicity; plant pathogenic fungi; ribosomal DNA; spraying; streptomycin; sulfates; summer; temperature; tissues; tubulin; Italy
Abstract:
... Digitalis purpurea (family Scrophulariaceae) is a biennial species used in low maintenance gardens. In summer 2018, extensive leaf necrosis infected 30 to 50% out of 100 D. purpurea plants grown in a private garden near Biella (northern Italy) at temperatures between 18 and 25°C. The initial symptoms appeared as small, light brown, circular spots on the leaves, subsequently expanding to irregular ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-11-18-2110-PDN

39. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Spot on Rumex crispus in Uruguay

Author:
T. E. Kaspary; M. A. García; S. Stewart; G. Casaroto; R. F. Ramos; C. Bellé
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.8 pp. 2139
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Rumex crispus; alternative hosts; beak; conidia; conidiophores; crops; ethanol; fungi; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; grasslands; hyphae; leaf spot; leaves; mycelium; nutrients; nutritive value; pathogenicity; peptide elongation factors; weeds; Uruguay
Abstract:
... Rumex crispus L. (curled dock), a member of the family Polygonaceae, is considered an important weed in grasslands and crops (Hejcman et al. 2012). Curled dock decreases yield and nutritive value of different species by competition for space, water, and nutrients (Zaller 2004). In addition, it may be an alternative host of pests and diseases of crops (Abbasi et al. 2018). In October 2018, R. crisp ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-03-19-0590-PDN

40. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Spot on Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) in Italy

Author:
G. Gilardi; S. Matic; M. L. Gullino; A. Garibaldi
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.8 pp. 2133
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Spinacia oleracea; beak; color; conidia; cultivars; disease severity; foliar diseases; fresh market; genes; genomics; greenhouses; histones; leaf spot; leaves; loci; pathogenicity; piedmont; polygalacturonase; ribosomal DNA; sequence analysis; spinach; spraying; streptomycin; sulfates; tissues; tubulin; China; India; Italy; Poland; Saudi Arabia
Abstract:
... Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is widely cultivated in many countries and is affected by a complex of foliar diseases (Correll et al. 1994). During March 2018, disease symptoms were observed on 15 to 30% of leaves of 90-day-old spinach cultivar Matador plants grown for the fresh market, at a density of 80 to 90 plants/m², in an open field of approximately 0.5 ha in Cuneo province in Piedmont, nort ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-19-0086-PDN

41. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Postharvest Brown Spot of Plums (Prunus domestica) in Pakistan

Author:
A. Moosa; T. Ahmad; S. A. Khan; M. L. Gleason; A. Farzand; H. Safdar; M. A. Ali
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.7 pp. 1767
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA; DNA primers; Prunus domestica; beak; conidia; crop production; crops; disease incidence; fruits; fungi; genes; market value; mycelium; pathogenicity; plant rots; plums; polygalacturonase; spraying; tissues; Latvia; Pakistan
Abstract:
... Plum (Prunus domestica) is the most famous and commercially important stone fruit in Pakistan. Pakistan produces 50,465 metric tons of plum annually (http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/). In June 2017, plum fruits (n = 20) showing visible symptoms of brown spot were collected from storage. The disease incidence of brown spot was 20% on the observed fruit. The fruit skin showed irregular, necrotic brown ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-11-18-1913-PDN

42. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Postharvest Rot on Stored Pomegranate in Pakistan

Author:
M. W. Alam; A. Rehman; S. Ahmad; M. Sarwar; S. Ali; T. Shafeeq; S. Aslam; A. Mannan; H. Rosli
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.6 pp. 1412
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA primers; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Punica granatum; beak; cold storage; conidia; conidiophores; disease incidence; ethanol; fruits; fungi; genes; hyphae; olives; pathogenicity; plant rots; polygalacturonase; pomegranates; postharvest diseases; ribosomal DNA; sprayers; storage temperature; storage time; tissues; Pakistan
Abstract:
... Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is an important crop in Pakistan and predominantly planted in Muzaffargarh (30°4′27.7572″N, 71°11′4.7544″E) and Multan (30°7′40.9296″N, 71°23′11.1984″E), which are the primary pomegranate producing areas of the Punjab Province, Pakistan. During November 2017, postharvest fruit rot was observed on ‘Kandhari’ pomegranate after 35 days of storage at 6°C. The external sym ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-19-0173-PDN

43. First Report of Alternaria alternata on Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens) in Italy

Author:
A. Garibaldi; G. Gilardi; S. Matic; M. L. Gullino
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.5 pp. 1024
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Capsicum frutescens; DNA primers; beak; conidia; conidiophores; disease incidence; fungi; gardens; genes; genomics; greenhouses; hot peppers; leaves; necrosis; pathogenicity; piedmont; ribosomal DNA; spraying; streptomycin; sulfates; summer; tissues; tubulin; California; China; Italy
Abstract:
... Chili (Capsicum frutescens L.), belonging to the family Solanaceae, is widely cultivated in many countries as a vegetable. During summer of 2017, extensive necrosis was observed on leaves of 5-month-old plants grown outdoors in a garden in Biella province in Piedmont (northern Italy). In many cases, small light brown circular spots, becoming irregular, dark brown, surrounded by a chlorotic halo, m ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-09-18-1616-PDN

44. First Report of Alternaria tenuissima Causing Leaf Spot Disease on Iris tectorum in China

Author:
H. Sun; C. Song; I. Mubeen; J. Huang
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.7 pp. 1786
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Alternaria tenuissima; DNA primers; Iris ensata; Iris tectorum; aesthetic value; alcohols; arthritis; beak; color; conidia; conidiophores; disease incidence; fungal diseases of plants; genes; grasses; hepatitis; histones; landscapes; leaf spot; leaves; medicinal plants; medicinal properties; mycelium; necrosis; ornamental plants; pathogenicity; perennials; plant pathogenic fungi; rhizomes; ribosomal DNA; surveys; tissues; China; Europe
Abstract:
... Iris tectorum, indigenous to Europe, is a perennial grass that is mainly distributed in the northwest and north of China, being a common landscape garden plant. Simultaneously, I. tectorum is used as a medicinal plant, and its rhizome is utilized to cure arthritis, bruises, hepatitis, and other diseases. Several surveys were conducted in 2017 to 2018, and a large area of irregular yellow-brown spo ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-19-0116-PDN

45. First Report of Leaf Necrosis of Salvia dorisiana Caused by Alternaria alternata in Italy

Author:
A. Garibaldi; D. Bertetti; S. Matić; I. Luongo; M. L. Gullino
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.5 pp. 1025
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA; Salvia farinacea; beak; conidia; essential oil crops; flowers; fungi; genes; greenhouses; leaf wetness; leaves; mycelium; necrosis; pathogenicity; perennials; relative humidity; sage; spraying; spring; tissues; tubulin; Italy; Japan
Abstract:
... Salvia dorisiana Standl. (fruit-scented sage), Lamiaceae, is a perennial plant producing scented leaves and magenta flowers. During the spring of 2018, we observed irregular, necrotic spots 1 to 5 mm in diameter on leaves of 6-month-old S. dorisiana growing in a greenhouse at the Centre of Competence Agroinnova, University of Torino, Grugliasco (Torino Province), northern Italy. The necrosis gradu ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-10-18-1860-PDN

46. First Report of Leaf Spot of Spinach Caused by Alternaria alternata in Pakistan

Author:
S. Aslam; H. M. U. Aslam; A. Abbas; M. A. Ali; M. W. Alam; L. Amrao; M. L. Gleason
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.6 pp. 1430
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA primers; Spinacia oleracea; adenosinetriphosphatase; autumn; beak; calmodulin; color; conidia; conidiophores; crop production; ethanol; field experimentation; fungi; genes; greenhouses; leaf blight; leaf spot; leaves; mitochondria; pathogenicity; photoperiod; relative humidity; spinach; tissues; Pakistan
Abstract:
... In Pakistan, spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is the most widely cultivated leafy vegetable grown on an area of 8,561 ha. In autumn 2017, leaf spot symptoms were detected on spinach (cv. Local Sindhi) in experimental fields of the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (31°25′15.7620″ N; 73°5′21.4584″ E). Characteristic symptoms consisted of small, brown, circular spots (2 to 3 mm in diameter) with c ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-12-18-2211-PDN

47. Identification and characterization of novel genotypes of psittacine beak and feather disease virus from budgerigar in China

Author:
Jingjiao Ma; Ye Tian; Min Zhang; Weili Wang; Yujie Li; Fulin Tian; Yuqiang Cheng; Yaxian Yan; Jianhe Sun
Source:
Transboundary and emerging diseases 2019 v.66 no.5 pp. 1827-1833
ISSN:
1865-1674
Subject:
Beak and feather disease virus; beak; bird diseases; breeding; budgerigars; emerging diseases; feces; genes; genotype; monitoring; phylogeny; China
Abstract:
... Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a common disease in psittacine bird that caused by beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). BFDV is widely spread and threatening psittacine birds worldwide. However, the BFDV infection in China remains largely unknown. In this study, a surveillance study of BFDV was conducted in three budgerigar breeding facilities, which showed that 66.6% of collected ...
DOI:
10.1111/tbed.13274

48. Outbreak of Systemic Avian Pox in Canaries (Serinus canaria domestica) Associated with the B1 Subgroup of Avian Pox Viruses

Author:
V. A. Ávila-Reyes; V. Díaz-Morales; F. Chávez-Maya; G. García-Espinosa; F. D. Sánchez-Godoy
Source:
Avian diseases 2019 v.63 no.3 pp. 525-530
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Aspergillus; Canarypox virus; DNA-directed DNA polymerase; Isospora; Serinus canaria; beak; chickens; dyspnea; edema; epithelium; genes; hyperplasia; molecular biology; mortality; necropsy; nucleotides; pneumonia; quarantine; sinusitis; spleen; splenomegaly; tracheitis; viruses; Europe
Abstract:
... This study reports an outbreak of avian pox in a quarantine of canaries imported from Europe, with a mortality of 30% and clinical signs of dyspnea and blepharoconjunctivitis. During necropsy, beak cyanosis, serous blepharitis, caseous sinusitis, oropharyngitis, tracheitis, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, fibrinous airsacculitis, and splenomegaly were observed. Microscopically, edema, epithelial hyper ...
DOI:
10.1637/12038-011819-Case.1

49. Pox in wild pigeon from Nagpur, Central India - A case report

Author:
S.R. Thorat; S.S. Shinde; P.Y. Badwaik; M.J. Ashar; A.A. Chavan; P.P. Gaonkar; M.P. Kaore; N.V. Kurkure
Source:
Indian journal of veterinary pathology 2019 v.43 no.1 pp. 68-70
ISSN:
0973-970X
Subject:
Fowlpox virus; animal pathology; beak; case studies; diarrhea; emaciation; genes; histopathology; hyperkeratosis; necropsy; phylogeny; pigeons; viruses; India; South Korea
Abstract:
... Pigeon pox is an infectious and contagious disease of pigeon caused by a pox virus. The injured wild pigeon was brought to the TVCC, showing clinical symptoms such as illness, diarrhoea and emaciation with scabs at the base of beak, eyelids, head, wings and legs. The bird succumbed and a detailed necropsy was performed. Cutaneous lesions were collected for histopathology and molecular diagnosis. M ...
DOI:
10.5958/0973-970X.2019.00015.4

50. Prevalence of Aves Polyomavirus 1 and Beak and Feather Disease Virus From Exotic Captive Psittacine Birds in Chile

Author:
Gisela González-Hein; Isabel Aguirre Gil; Rodolfo Sanchez; Bernardo Huaracan
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2019 v.33 no.2 pp. 141-149
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Aves polyomavirus 1; Beak and feather disease virus; beak; bird diseases; birds; feathers; genes; genetic variation; hosts; polymerase chain reaction; Chile
Abstract:
... Avian polyomavirus disease and psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) are both contagious viral diseases in psittacine birds with similar clinical manifestations and characterized by abnormal feathers. To determine the prevalence of Aves polyomavirus 1 (APyV) and beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) in captive, exotic psittacine birds in Chile, feathers from 250 psittacine birds, representing ...
DOI:
10.1647/2018-349

51. Specific detection and differentiation of classic goose parvovirus and novel goose parvovirus by TaqMan real-time PCR assay, coupled with host specificity

Author:
Chunhe Wan; Cuiteng Chen; Longfei Cheng; Rongchang Liu; Shaohua Shi; Guanghua Fu; Hongmei Chen; Qiuling Fu; Yu Huang
Source:
BMC veterinary research 2019 v.15 no.1 pp. 389
ISSN:
1746-6148
Subject:
Anseriform dependoparvovirus 1; Cairina moschata; DNA; Escherichia coli; Muscovy; Pekin; beak; breeding; cross reaction; detection limit; ducklings; dwarfing; epidemiological studies; genes; goslings; host specificity; morbidity; mortality; mules; pathogenesis; pathogenicity; quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Classic goose parvovirus (cGPV) causes high mortality and morbidity in goslings and Muscovy ducklings. Novel GPV (N-GPV) causes short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS) in Cherry Valley ducks, Pekin ducks and Mule ducks. Both cGPV and N-GPV have relatively strict host specificity, with obvious differences in pathogenicity. Specific detection of cGPV and N-GPV may result in false positiv ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12917-019-2090-7
PubMed:
31676004
PubMed Central:
PMC6823957

52. Detection of Novel Goose Parvovirus Disease Associated with Short Beak and Dwarfism Syndrome in Commercial Ducks

Author:
Mohamed A. Soliman; Ahmed M. Erfan; Mohamed Samy; Osama Mahana; Soad A. Nasef
Source:
Animals 2020 v.10 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Anseriform dependoparvovirus 1; beak; cell culture; cytopathogenicity; dwarfing; genes; liver; morbidity; mortality; mules; nucleotide sequences; waterfowl; Egypt
Abstract:
... Derzsy’s disease causes disastrous losses in domestic waterfowl farms. A genetically variant strain of Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV) and goose parvovirus (GPV) was named novel goose parvovirus (NGPV), which causes characteristic syndrome in young ducklings. The syndrome was clinically characterized by deformity in beaks and retarded growth, called short beaks and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS). Ten mul ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani10101833

53. Duckling short beak and dwarfism syndrome virus infection activates host innate immune response involving both DNA and RNA sensors

Author:
Shilong Chen; Tiehui Fang; Shifeng Xiao; Fengqiang Lin; Xiaoxia Cheng; Shao Wang; Xiaoli Zhu; Xiuqin Chen; Min Zheng; Muhammad Munir; Meiqing Huang; Fusong Yu; Shaoying Chen
Source:
Microbial pathogenesis 2020 v.138 pp. 103816
ISSN:
0882-4010
Subject:
Anseriform dependoparvovirus 1; Toll-like receptor 1; Toll-like receptor 2; Toll-like receptor 3; Toll-like receptor 4; Toll-like receptor 5; Toll-like receptor 7; beak; bird diseases; double-stranded RNA; ducklings; dwarfing; fibroblasts; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; genomics; immune response; industry; innate immunity; interferon-beta; messenger RNA; pathogen-associated molecular patterns; pathogenesis; single-stranded DNA; viruses; waterfowl
Abstract:
... Duckling short beak and dwarfism syndrome virus (SBDSV), a newly identified goose parvovirus, causes devastating disease in domestic waterfowl and considerable economic losses to Chinese waterfowl industry. The molecular pathogenesis of SBDSV infection, nature and dynamics of host immune responses against SBDSV infection remained elusive. In this study, we systematically explored the relative mRNA ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103816

54. First Report of Alternaria cinerariae Causing Leaf Spot on Tussilago farfara in China

Author:
L. He; H. F. Liu; A. A. Htun; H. Ge; J. X. Deng; T. Du
Source:
Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.12 pp. 3264
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria; Oriental traditional medicine; Russia; Tussilago farfara; asthma; beak; botanical gardens; conidia; conidiophores; cough; culture media; data collection; flower buds; fluorescent lighting; fungi; genes; genetic databases; greenhouses; herbaria; humidity; leaf spot; leaves; models; mycelium; pathogenicity; phylogeny; probability analysis; wet season; China; India; Iran; Northern Africa; Pakistan; Western European region
Abstract:
... Tussilago farfara is widely distributed in China, India, Iran, Pakistan, Russia, Western Europe, and North Africa. The flower bud of T. farfara has medicinal value used for the treatment of cough, asthma, phlegm, and angiocardiopathy (Chen 1999). During the rainy season of July 2019, many small spots were observed on 70% of the leaves of T. farfara plants in Hezheng Medicinal Botanical Garden. The ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-10-19-2230-PDN

55. First Report of Leaf Spot on Scaevola taccada Caused by Alternaria longipes in China

Author:
Y. Wang; C. Zhao; M. J. Hu; M. Li; Z. Y. Gao; C. X. Li; J. Peng; X. Y. Hong; Z. Q. Zhou; W. Zhang
Source:
Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.11 pp. 3068
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria longipes; Scaevola taccada; beak; conidia; culture media; drought tolerance; fungi; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; growth chambers; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; mycelium; olives; pathogenicity; photosynthesis; relative humidity; ribosomal DNA; sequence analysis; shrubs; surveys; virulent strains; water use efficiency; China
Abstract:
... As a bushy shrub, Scaevola taccada (Goodeniaceae) is widely distributed in the coastal islands of the Pacific and Indian oceans (Goldstein et al. 1996). It is a salt- and drought-tolerant species, exhibiting high photosynthetic capacity and water-use efficiency. In May 2018, a leaf spot disease was observed on S. taccada during a disease survey of the native plants on the Xisha Islands, China. Ini ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-04-19-0871-PDN

56. Identification and Characterization of a Distinct Strain of Beak and Feather Disease Virus in Southeast China

Author:
Yanmei Ma; Xiaoyong Chen; Keyuan Chen; Xiancheng Zeng; Shili Yang; Wei Chang; Yao Tang; Xiaoli Chen; Song Wang; Ji-Long Chen
Source:
Virologica Sinica 2020 v.35 no.1 pp. 43-51
ISSN:
1674-0769
Subject:
Beak and feather disease virus; antibodies; beak; capsid; chickens; death; deformation; disease severity; farms; genes; genetic vectors; monitoring; pathogens; phylogeny; China; New Caledonia
Abstract:
... Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) is an infectious agent responsible for feather degeneration and beak deformation in birds. In March 2017, an epidemic of psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) struck a farm in Fuzhou in the Fujian Province of southeast China, resulting in the death of 51 parrots. In this study, the disease was diagnosed and the pathogen was identified by PCR and whole gen ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12250-019-00159-4
PubMed:
31552609
PubMed Central:
PMC7035402

57. Establishment of TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay for rapid detection of duck circovirus

Author:
Da Zhang; Junhuang Wu; Jianfei Sun; Caixia Bai; Fazhi Xu; Pengfei Duan; Yong Wang
Source:
3 Biotech 2021 v.11 no.11 pp. 470
ISSN:
2190-572X
Subject:
Circovirus; atrophy; beak; cross reaction; detection limit; ducks; dwarfing; epidemiological studies; genes; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rapid methods; viruses
Abstract:
... Duck circovirus (DuCV) is widespread across the world and causes feather disorders in young ducks. It was identified as the causative pathogen of duck beak atrophy and dwarfism syndrome and primary sclerosing cholangitis. In this study, we aimed to establish a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay to detect DuCV. The primers and probe were designed based on the conserved region of the DuCV Rep gene. Af ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13205-021-03021-1

58. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Fruit Rot on Fig (Ficus carica) in Pakistan

Author:
M. W. Alam; A. Malik; A. Rehman; M. Sarwar; S. Muhammad; A. Hameed; H. Alsamadany; Y. Alzahrani; Z. Ahmed
Source:
Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.7 pp. 2015
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA; Ficus carica; air; beak; conidia; conidiophores; cultivars; culture media; disease incidence; ethanol; figs; fruits; genes; litchis; pathogenicity; pathogens; peaches; plant rots; polygalacturonase; pomegranates; protocols; relative humidity; California; Pakistan
Abstract:
... Fig (Ficus carica L.) is among the earliest and widely cultivated fruit trees in the world due to its easy adaptation to diverse climates (Solomon et al. 2006). In July 2020, a rot disease was observed on multiple orchards located in Faisalabad, a region of Punjab Province. The symptoms appeared as light brown, circular to oval, and water-soaked lesions (4 to 8 mm in diameter). In more advanced st ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-21-0090-PDN

59. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Blight on Little Millet (Panicum sumatrense) in India

Author:
Boda Praveen; A. Nagaraja; M. K. Prasanna Kumar; D. Pramesh; K. B. Palanna; P. P. Buella
Source:
Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.4 pp. 1202
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Panicum sumatrense; acreage; allergens; beak; conidia; culture media; disease incidence; ethanol; fungi; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; greenhouses; internal transcribed spacers; leaf blight; leaves; mycelium; pathogenicity; pathogens; polyethylene; polygalacturonase; relative humidity; runoff; sodium hypochlorite; India
Abstract:
... Little millet (LM) is a minor cereal crop grown in the Indian subcontinent. During October 2018, dark brown, circular to oval necrotic spots surrounded by concentric rings were observed on the upper leaf surface of the LM (cv. VS-13) grown in the fields of the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India (13.0784°N, 77.5793°E). As the disease progressed, infected leaves became blighted. D ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-06-20-1373-PDN

60. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Spot on Oat (Avena sativa) in India

Author:
Boda Praveen; M. K. Prasanna Kumar; Pramesh Devanna; K. B. Palanna; P. P. Buella; Gutha Venkata Ramesh; Namburi Karunakar Reddy; A. Nagaraja
Source:
Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.10 pp. 3301
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Avena sativa; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; air; allergens; beak; conidia; disease incidence; ethanol; feeds; fungi; genes; genomics; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; grain yield; greenhouses; internal transcribed spacers; isolation techniques; leaf spot; leaves; mycelium; oats; pathogenicity; pathogens; peptide elongation factors; polyethylene; polygalacturonase; runoff; sodium hypochlorite; China; India
Abstract:
... Oat (Avena sativa L.) is an important cereal crop grown worldwide primarily for food and animal feed. In November 2019, a leaf spot disease was observed on the oat plants at Mandya (12.5218° N, 76.8951° E), Karnataka, India. The disease incidence on plants was ranged between 43 and 57%. Initially, the symptoms appeared on leaves as small dark-brown spots surrounded by a yellow halo and later turne ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-02-21-0322-PDN

61. First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Alternaria alternata on Sonchus asper in China

Author:
J. X. Zhang; Y. Kang; T. T. Xu; X. Y. Xu; C. X. Li; K. F. Chen; H. Q. Cao
Source:
Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.2 pp. 503
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Sonchus asper; actin; allergens; beak; biological control; conidia; conidiophores; culture media; disease severity; fungi; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; greenhouses; internal transcribed spacers; lawns and turf; leaf spot; olives; orchards; pathogenicity; pathogens; pears; plant tissues; relative humidity; sporulation; weeds; China
Abstract:
... Sonchus asper (spiny sowthistle), belonging to the Asteraceae, is a problematic weed in grain crops, orchards, and turf (Cho et al. 2019). In April 2016, about 90% of the S. asper plants infesting a pear orchard had symptoms with black spots densely distributed on the leaves and stems in Da Yang Town, Luyang District, Hefei, Anhui (N 31°55′43″, E 117°11′40″). The foliar lesions were mostly circula ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-05-19-0940-PDN

62. First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Alternaria brassicae on Avena sativa in China

Author:
J. G. Zhang; X. M. Nie; G. Q. Zhao
Source:
Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.11 pp. 3750
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria brassicae; Armoracia rusticana; Avena sativa; avenanthramides; beak; conidia; conidiophores; culture media; dietary fiber; disease incidence; ethanol; forage; genes; germplasm; growth chambers; horseradish; hyphae; leaf spot; leaves; models; oats; pathogenicity; pathogens; phylogeny; relative humidity; sporulation; statistical analysis; China; Serbia
Abstract:
... Oat (Avena sativa) is an annual gramineous crop, which contains a source of soluble dietary fiber, β-glucan, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, phenolic acids, and avenanthramides. It widely cultivated in cool and semiarid areas in northern China (Li et al. 2017). In July 2018, a severe leaf spot infection was observed in the Forage Germplasm Nursery (31°17′22″N, 103°40′15″E, 2,885 m ele ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-21-0145-PDN

63. First Report of Leaf Spot in Farfugium japonicum Caused by Alternaria alternata in China

Author:
Hui Wang; Hong Liu; Xun Lu; Qian Zhou
Source:
Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.9 pp. 2715
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Asteraceae; DNA; allergens; beak; common names; conidia; culture media; ethanol; fungi; gardens; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; growth chambers; internal transcribed spacers; isolation techniques; leaf spot; leaves; medicinal plants; mycelium; pathogenicity; plant pathogens; streptomycin; sulfates; China; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam (with the common name leopard plant) is known as a garden and medicinal herb, and it belongs to the family Asteraceae. In May 2019, a leaf spot disease was observed on the upper leaf surface of F. japonicum in Changsha city, Hunan province, China. More than 98% of the F. japonicum plants were infected in a garden of Donghu district (28°13′ N; 112°56′ E). Leaf symptom ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-02-21-0395-PDN

64. First Report of Purple Spot on Dandelion in China Caused by Alternaria tenuissima

Author:
Y. Yang; X. L. Wang; J. J. Ji; Z. Q. Chen; Z. Y. Qu; Y. Liu; Y. W. Zhang
Source:
Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.1 pp. 211
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria tenuissima; Taraxacum mongolicum; actin; adenosinetriphosphatase; alcohols; beak; calmodulin; conidia; culture media; disease incidence; fungi; genes; growth chambers; histones; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; nutritive value; pathogens; peptide elongation factors; phylogeny; plasma membrane; relative humidity; sequence analysis; sporulation; China
Abstract:
... Dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum) is a perennial herb of the family Asteraceae with a high edible and medicinal value, and it is widely grown at medium and low altitudes in China. In July 2019, purple spot of dandelion was found in a field near Harbin City, Heilongjiang province, China. The disease incidence regionally reached 95% in fields with yield losses between 10 and 20%, seriously reducing t ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-05-20-1037-PDN

65. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of duck-derived waterfowl parvovirus in Anhui province, eastern China

Author:
Yong Wang; Jianfei Sun; Da Zhang; Xu Guo; Wenhao Shen; Yongdong Li
Source:
Archives of virology 2021 v.166 no.7 pp. 2011-2016
ISSN:
0304-8608
Subject:
Anseriform dependoparvovirus 1; Protoparvovirus; beak; dwarfing; genes; phylogeny; virology; waterfowl; China
Abstract:
... Recently, a novel duck-origin goose parvovirus (N-GPV) was reported to cause short beak and dwarfism syndrome in ducks. In this study, we performed complete genome sequencing and analyzed three different duck-derived parvoviruses that infected different breeds of ducks. Phylogenetic trees based on gene sequences indicated that they were classical goose parvovirus (C-GPV), Muscovy duck parvovirus ( ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00705-021-05110-1

66. Innovative mark–recapture experiment shows patterns of selection on transcript abundance in the wild

Author:
Matthew P. Josephson; James K. Bull
Source:
Molecular ecology 2021 v.30 no.12 pp. 2707-2709
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Salmo trutta; beak; color; cost effectiveness; ecology; experimental design; gene expression; genes; heat tolerance; mark-recapture studies; natural selection
Abstract:
... A fundamental aspect of evolutionary biology is natural selection on trait variation. Classically, selection has been estimated primarily on external morphological traits such as beak size and coloration, or on easily assayable physiological traits such as heat‐tolerance. As technologies and methods improved, evolutionary biologists began examining selection on molecular traits such as protein seq ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.15946

67. First Report of Alternaria tenuissima Causing Leaf Black Spot on Pecan in China

Author:
Lichun Yan; Xin Yang; Zhuangwei Wang; Haijun Zhu; Yaming Qian; Weimin Wu
Source:
Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.6 pp. 1748
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria tenuissima; Carya illinoinensis; beak; color; conidia; conidiophores; cultivars; culture media; disease incidence; ethanol; fruits; genes; germplasm; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; growth chambers; histones; humidity; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; pathogenicity; pathogens; pecans; peptide elongation factors; ribosomal DNA; rifampicin; sodium hypochlorite; trees; vigor; China
Abstract:
... China is one of the largest markets for pecan (Carya illinoinensis) consumption in the world, and pecan production in China has increased since 2008 (Zhang et al. 2015). From July to September 2019 and 2020, leaf black spot was observed on several pecan cultivars, including Pawnee, Burkett, Kiowa, and Western Schley, in the germplasm in Liuhe County, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. Disease incid ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-04-21-0757-PDN

68. First Report of Black Spot on Ophiopogon japonicus Caused by Alternaria alternata in Zhejiang Province, China

Author:
Yiwen Xu; Zhenyan Cao; Yihua Yang; Jintian Tang; Yang Song; Xuping Shentu; Xiaoping Yu
Source:
Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.1 pp. 330
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Ophiopogon japonicus; adenosinetriphosphatase; air; allergens; beak; cardioprotective effect; conidia; conidiophores; culture media; discoloration; ethanol; genes; histones; hyphae; ingredients; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; medicinal plants; pathogenicity; peptide elongation factors; plasma membrane; relative humidity; sequence analysis; steroid saponins; China
Abstract:
... Ophiopogon japonicus (L. f.) Ker-Gawl, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, is widely cultured in China. The root of O. japonicus is used as the main ingredient in many prescriptions. It is rich in chemical components for steroidal saponins, homoisoflavonoids, and polysaccharides, which have various pharmacological activities, such as cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammation, and antidiabete ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-06-21-1188-PDN

69. First Report of Leaf Spot Disease Caused by Alternaria brassicae on Orychophragmus violaceus in China

Author:
N. Qian; Y. H. Wu; C. L. Feng; G. Z. Zhang; X. L. Lu; W. S. Zhao
Source:
Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.1 pp. 320
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria brassicae; DNA; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Orychophragmus violaceus; agar; beak; color; conidia; culture media; fawns; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; green manures; greenhouses; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; mildews; mycelium; ornamental plants; pathogenicity; pathogens; phylogeny; statistical analysis; China
Abstract:
... Orychophragmus violaceus, belonging to the Brassicaceae family, is widely grown in many provinces of China as an ornamental plant and also as a green manure crop. In December 2019, field investigations showed that a leaf spot disease occurred on O. violaceus in three fields with 50 to 80% incidence (50 plants in each field were investigated) in Huize City, Yunnan Province of China. Infected leaves ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-04-21-0767-PDN

70. Occurrence of Leaf Spot Caused by Mycocentrospora acerina on Japanese Ginseng (Panax japonicus) in China

Author:
Jingmao You; Tao Tang; Fanfan Wang; Jie Guo; Yuanyuan Duan; Xiaoliang Guo
Source:
Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.6 pp. 1754
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Mycocentrospora acerina; Oriental traditional medicine; Panax japonicus; Sphagnum; alcohols; ampicillin; beak; chlamydospores; conidiophores; culture media; fields; fungi; genes; greenhouses; hyphae; inflammation; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; lighting; medicinal plants; mycelium; relative humidity; ribosomes; sodium hypochlorite; vermiculite; China
Abstract:
... Panax japonicus C. A. Mey., known as Japanese ginseng or “Zhujieshen” in China, is a perennial medicinal herb (family Araliaceae) native to China and is widely grown in many provinces including Hubei, Hunan, and Sichuan. In recent years, cultivation of Japanese ginseng has increased tremendously in China because of its high value. Its root is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the tre ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-08-21-1718-PDN