An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Lonicera caerulea; anthocyanins; food chemistry; hydroxyl radicals; superoxide anion; China
Abstract:
... In this study, we qualitatively and quantitatively characterized anthocyanins from 61 different Lonicera caerulea L. genotypes harvested from northeast China and measured their reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity. Among the anthocyanin extracts obtained, nine anthocyanins were identified, and the anthocyanin compositions could be divided into three classes and seven subtypes accordin ...
... Qingke (highland hull-less barley) is a grain replete with substantial nutrients and bioactive ingredients. In this study, we evaluated the effects of boiling (BO), steaming (ST), microwave baking (MB), far-infrared baking (FB), steam explosion (SE), and deep frying (DF) on bioactive components, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities of Qingke compared with the effects of traditional roast ...
2,4-D; carbon; catalysts; catalytic activity; electric energy consumption; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; hydroxyl radicals; mineralization; oxidation; phenol; reaction kinetics; sulfamethazine; China
Abstract:
... An ultra-efficient electro-Fenton catalyst with porous carbon coated Fe-Mo metal (FeMo@PC), was prepared by calcining MIL-53(Fe)@MoO₃. This FeMo@PC-2 exhibited impressive catalytic performance for sulfamethazine (SMT) degradation with a high turnover frequency value (7.89 L/(g·min)), much better than most of reported catalysts. The mineralization current efficiency and electric energy consumption ...
aerogels; carbon; cathodes; cyanides; dielectric spectroscopy; electric current; electric potential difference; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; hydroxyl radicals; industry; nanorods; oxidation; photocatalysis; singlet oxygen; sulfates; titanium dioxide; wastewater; China
Abstract:
... Cyanide (CN⁻) is extensively used in the process of plating devices and for surface treatment in the electroplating industry and is extremely hazardous to humans and the environment. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) hold considerable promise for CN⁻ removal. However, the activity of sulfate radical and hydroxyl radical generated in the PMS activation process is low ...
... Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is a highly tumor-specific and minimally invasive treatment that is widely used in cancer therapy. However, its therapeutic effect is limited by the poor efficiency of hydroxyl radical generation. In colon cancer in particular, the high expression of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), which has strong reducibility, results in the consumption of generated hydroxyl radicals, further ...
... Recently, with the rational design of transition metal-containing nanoagents, chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has been developed and considered a promising method for cancer therapy through Fenton and Fenton-like reaction-induced hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation and cellular oxidative damage. However, it is still a great challenge to realize high reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and therapeuti ...
catalytic activity; citric acid; groundwater; hydroxyl radicals; ligands; oxidation; pyrite; sulfates; total organic carbon; toxicity; vanadium; water pollution; water treatment
Abstract:
... The V(IV)-organic complexes are difficult to be removed from water by the traditional water treatment processes due to their strong mobility, high stability, and possible formation of V(V) with stronger toxicity during oxidation. In this study, we applied a natural iron-based ore, pyrite, to catalyze peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation assisted with alkali precipitation to remove V(IV) containing c ...
carbonates; cost effectiveness; decontamination; ecotoxicology; hydroxyl radicals; oxidation; prices; singlet oxygen; superoxide anion; toxicity; water purification; water quality
Abstract:
... Percarbonate (SPC) has drawn considerable attention due to its merits in the safety of handling and transport, stability, and price as well as environmental friendliness, which has been extensively applied in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for water decontamination. Nevertheless, comprehensive information on the application of SPC-AOPs for the treatment of organic compounds in aquatic media i ...
antibiotics; chlorine; disinfection; electric power; energy; human health; hydroxyl radicals; oxidation; pollution; reactive nitrogen species; toxicity
Abstract:
... Antibiotics are emerging contaminants in aquatic environments which pose serious risks to the ecological environment and human health. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on ultraviolet (UV) light have good application prospects for antibiotic degradation. As new and developing UV-AOPs, UV/chlorine and derived UV/chloramine processes have attracted increasing attention due to the production ...
... Seaweeds possess a wide range of bioactive compounds which have been play a vital role in production of novel pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products resources. The present study employed in silico molecular docking to characterize the biomedical potential of brown seaweed Lobophora variegata through antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant and anticancer activities. The antibacterial activity of ...
... Stevia rebaudiana, cultivated as a sweetener, also contains numerous phenolic compounds with strong antioxidant activities. Here, the antioxidant effects of Stevia rebaudiana leaf (SRL) and stem (SRS) extracts on lipid oxidation in salted Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) fillets throughout the salting and drying process are investigated. Fish fillets treated with SRL and SRS extracts are monitored ...
... Hydroxyl radical produced by hydrogen peroxide decomposition under UV radiation was used to degrade larch tannins in an environmentally friendly manner. The formaldehyde reactivity of the degraded products was used as an index to control the mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of the degraded products, and the effects of different mDP on the antioxidant activity of tannins were studied. Results sh ...
... In vitro antioxidant activities of premature and mature mandarin peel and juice extracts were investigated for their potentials as functional food materials. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of premature and mature mandarin peel and juice was in the range of 31.20 to 94.04 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 0.09 to 43.99 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g, respectively. Among flavanone compound ...
... The antioxidant activity and stability of endogenous peptides isolated from farmed hybrid catfish (Clarias macrocephalus × Clarias gariepinus) muscle (EPC) were characterised. EPC contained 69 peptides with 8–24 amino acid residues, varying hydrophobic amino acid (HBA) content and distinct sequences. Among the top five, peptides discovered in EPC were ARHSYGMLYCSCPPND, DTQAARKSDDDD, AEFPCGDRRC, AA ...
... Sweet almond is one of the main cash crops in Yingjisha, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China. The composition of sweet almond oil (SAO) was analysed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). SAO’s antioxidant activities were investigated by measuring its scavenging ability with 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′‐Azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS), hydroxyl radic ...
Oncorhynchus mykiss; bioavailability; cations; hydrolysates; hydrolysis; hydroxyl radicals; in vitro digestion; intestinal absorption; oxygen radical absorbance capacity; peptides; peptidyl-dipeptidase A
Abstract:
... The objective of this work was to evaluate in vitro bioaccessibility, intestinal absorption, antioxidant and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of peptides from rainbow trout viscera hydrolysate (H). Rainbow trout Viscera (V) was hydrolyzed by Alcalase® 2.4L and a degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 44.8 ± 2.5% was achieved. Viscera and its hydrolysate were subjected to simulated ...
Xiomara Patricia Perea-Domínguez; José Alberto Mendoza-Espinoza; Jesús Martin Solano González; José Belisario Leyva-Morales; Laura Gabriela Espinosa-Alonso; Maribel Valdez-Morales
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity of different fractions of phenolic compounds from tomato and tomato by-product. Soluble free phenolics and bound phenolics (BP) fractions from saladette tomato and industrial tomato by-product as well as, conjugated acid-hydrolysable phenolics (AHP) and alkaline-hydrolysable phenolics (AKHP) from saladette tomato ...
... BACKGROUND: Tyrosinase inhibitors find potential application in food, cosmetic and medicinal products, but most of the identified tyrosinase inhibitors are not suitable for practical use because of safety regulations or other problems. For the purpose of development of novel tyrosinase inhibitors that meet the requirement for practical application, a novel stilbene analogue (SA) was designed. RESU ...
... Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is one of the most antibiotic compounds detected in the aquatic environment. The potential concentration of SMX could raise the ecotoxicological effects on microbial. The photocatalyst based on TiO₂ has been demonstrated as the effective material for the elimination of SMX in water. However, due to the non-selected attack of hydroxyl radical derived from photocatalysis to S– ...
... Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) was enzymatically prepared and had a degree of polymerization (DP) of 2–6. AOS exhibited evident antioxidant efficacy in ABTS⁺ scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, and total reducing power. The freshness of the prawns, which were treated with AOS and ε-polylysine (ε-PL), was evaluated by measuring indicators such as total viable bacteria (TVC), ...
... Over the past years, persulfate (PS) is widely applied due to their high versatility and efficacy in decontamination and sterilization. While treatment of organic chemicals, remediation of soil and groundwater, sludge treatment, disinfection on pathogen microorganisms have been covered by most published reviews, there are no comprehensive and specific reviews on its application to address diverse ...
... The need for sustainable food production and the demand for fresh and minimally processed foods have prompted remarkable research in novel food processing technologies that ensure safe and shelf‐stable food for a large population. Long‐established techniques such as heating, drying, and freezing have been associated with nutrient loss and high energy consumption. This trend has drawn attention to ...
... Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can increase the tolerance of host plants to drought, whereas the intrinsic mechanisms are not still fully elucidated. Flavonoids are a kind of antioxidants to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas whether and how flavonoids are involved in increased drought tolerance of host plants by AM fungi is not known. Here, Funneliformis mosseae, was inoculated in ...
... Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous in natural waters and can facilitate the chemical transformation of many contaminants through the photochemical production of reactive intermediates, such as singlet oxygen (¹O₂), excited triplet state DOM (³DOM*), and hydroxylating species (˙OH and other intermediates of similar reaction chemistry). The formation mechanism of most reactive intermediate ...
aerosols; air pollution; autumn; formaldehyde; hydroxyl radicals; models; nitrous acid; oxidants; ozone; photolysis; troposphere; uncertainty; China
Abstract:
... Atmospheric oxidizing capacity (AOC) is the fundamental driving factors of chemistry process (e.g., the formation of ozone (O₃) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA)) in the troposphere. However, accurate quantification of AOC still remains uncertainty. In this study, a comprehensive field campaign was conducted during autumn 2019 in downtown of Beijing, where O₃ and PM₂.₅ episodes had been experie ...
... Bifunctional cathodes have attracted widespread interest in the heterogeneous electro-Fenton (hetero-EF) process. In this study, the bifunctional composite cathode co-modified with N-doped carbon CoFe alloy (CoFe@NC) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), designated as CoFe@NC-CNTs/CNTs/NF, integrating hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) synthesis and catalysis, was prepared for efficient degradation of atrazine (ATZ) ...
... Targeted design of metal defects in photocatalysts helps to realize stable and efficient wastewater treatment. Herein, a novel spinel Cu₁₋ₓCo₂₋yO₄₋z with bimetal defects is precisely designed by a simple temperature programmed reduction method in hydrogen atmosphere. The co-existence of metallic defects leads to defects distortion forming polarization effect, which can significantly accelerate the ...
... Collagen isolated from byproducts of common carp was hydrolyzed with alcalase enzyme to obtain peptide fractions. The resulting >30 kDa (PF1), 10–30 kDa (PF2), 3–10 kDa (PF3) and <1 kDa (PF4) fractions were studied for their antioxidant and functional properties. All peptide fractions illustrated antioxidant activity at different concentrations (1, 5, and 10 mg/mL). Although PF4 indicated the high ...
Amaranthus spinosus; alternative crops; bioavailability; coagulation; free radicals; functional foods; hydroxyl radicals; medicinal plants; peroxidation; phytonutrients; superoxide anion; thiamin; vegetables; water solubility; India
Abstract:
... Studies associated with validation of folklore and ethnomedicinal claim of utilization of different plant parts of ‘spiny amaranth’ (Amaranthus spinosus L.) against degenerative diseases with chemical data, particularly the bioactive polyphenolic compounds and associated anti-degenerative properties are scanty and is the purpose of the present investigations. RP-HPLC coupled photodiode assay was e ...
... Effective electronic interactions between molecular catalysts and supports are critical for heterogeneous enzyme mimics, yet they are frequently neglected in most catalyst designs. Taking the enzyme mimics of hemin immobilized on graphdiyne (Hemin-GDY) as an example, we explicate for the first time the underlying role of GDY as a co-catalyst. Based on the robust conjugation between GDY and hemin, ...
X-radiation; biomimetics; biosafety; blood; breast neoplasms; cancer therapy; enzymes; hydroxyl radicals; radiotherapy; toxicity
Abstract:
... Radiotherapy has been widely applied for breast cancer treatment in the clinic, while improving the radiation sensitivity of tumors and protecting normal tissues from radiation damage has drawn considerable attention. In this study, we reported a biomimetic multifunctional nanozyme (BSA@CeO/Fe²⁺), which can be used as a radiosensitizer for breast cancer treatment. It was demonstrated that BSA@CeO/ ...
... The present study was conducted to biosynthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) by an estuarine associated actinobacterium Streptomyces spp., characterized its spectral features and also determined its biomedical properties. At first, ZnONPs were synthesized by actinobacterial-mediated reduction of zinc oxide metal and then, it was characterized by following standard methodologies. The biosynth ...
... Various semiconductor powders (such as bismuth oxybromide/bismuth oxyiodide (BiOBr/BiOI) nanojunctions) can photodegrade wastewater efficiently, but their practical application is limited by poor recovery performance. To address the problem, we report the construction of BiOBr/BiOI nanojunctions on flexible carbon fiber cloth (CFC) substrate as an easily recycled photocatalyst by the dipping-solvo ...
... Photocages can provide spatial and temporal control to accurately release the various chemicals and bioactive groups when excited by light. Although the absorption spectra of most photocages are in the ultraviolet absorption region, only a few absorb in the visible or near-infrared region. Blebbistatin (Bleb) would release a hydroxyl radical under blue one-photon or two-photon near-infrared light ...
... In this study, copper–nickel ferrite (CuNiFe₂O₄) nanoparticles were successfully loaded onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by using the coprecipitation method and used as new catalysts (MWCNT–CuNiFe₂O₄) in the sonophotocatalytic degradation process of the acid blue 113 (AB113) dye. The success of the MWCNT–CuNiFe₂O₄ synthesis and its properties were determined by analyzing it using field ...
... External auxiliary methods, including UV illumination, Fenton reagent addition and O₃ aeration, are broadly used to activate self-generated H₂O₂ from CaO₂ for toxic chemical removal, wastewater remediation, and even cancer therapy. However, these techniques are commercially unfeasible or bring new contaminants into the environment when used. Herein, we present a novel method of tuning visible ligh ...
catalase; cytokines; hot water treatment; hydroxyl radicals; inflammation; lipopolysaccharides; liver; medicine; pathogenesis; peroxidase; superoxide anion; superoxide dismutase; tail; therapeutics
Abstract:
... Aberrant reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is one of the crucial mediators in the pathogenesis of inflammation. So, the development of nanocatalytic medicine to catalyze the ROS-scavenging reactions in pathological regions are promising for anti-inflammatory therapy. Herein, a type of biocompatible metal free carbon dots is prepared via a hydrothermal method which can exhibit peroxidase (PO ...
... Cartilage is a key component in joints because of its load-bearing and lubricating abilities. However, osteoarthritis often leads to afunction of load-bearing/lubrication and occurrence of inflammation with overexpressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). To address these issues, we fabricated a novel polyanionic hydrogel with abundant carboxylates/sulfonates (“CS” hydrogel), ins ...
... Metal-free catalysts for catalytic ozonation have attracted more and more attentions to eliminate the risk of secondary pollution of heavy metals in water or wastewater treatment. Herein we prepared fluorinated ceramic honeycomb (FCH) with the dip-calcination method using NH₄F as the modifier over ceramic honeycomb (CH) to catalyze the ozonation of 4-methylquinoline (4-Meq), a typical harmful quin ...
... A series of peanut shell (HS)-based biochar were prepared at different pyrolysis temperatures and subsequently used as the effective ozonation catalysts for ketoprofen (KET) degradation in aqueous solution. The physicochemical properties and morphology of the obtained biochar were analysed by ICP, TG, XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, BET and etc. characterizations. The results demonstrated that the pyrolysis ...
... CdS-AgO@g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites were successfully synthesized and characterized by XRD, N₂ physical adsorption, XPS, SEM, TEM, EDX, and UV–Vis DRS (various technical means). The adsorption light range of as-prepared materials could extend to the whole visible light region with the addition of Ag. Silver can act as a bridge to facilitate the separation of electrons and holes, thereby greatly enhancin ...
... Multienzyme-aided processing is recommended as an effective method for releasing the bioactive compounds bounded to rice bran's cell wall matrix. This study aims to investigate the optimal cellulolytic-xylanolytic enzymes combination (CXC1 = 1.5 + 3 units, CXC2 = 3 + 2 units, CXC3 = 4.5 + 1 units per 2 g bran) for improving the release of nutraceuticals and bioactivities from red rice bran compare ...
... Macerates of kibbles, seeds and leaves of Ceratonia siliqua L. were prepared and analysed to apply them for the development of a new multilayer active packaging. The profile of forty-three different bioactive volatile compounds was obtained employing headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant capacity was investigated us ...
... Fucoidan is a bioactive compound of brown seaweed with antioxidant characteristics. This study examined the aftermath of the extraction method on the yield, fucose content, xylose content, sulfate content, total sugar, antioxidant activity, and functional groups of fucoidan from Sargassum hystrix. The brown seaweed was extracted using 4 methods, namely, A (0.1 N HCl, room temperature, 24 h), B (2% ...
... Mercury (Hg) pollution in the environment is a global issue and the toxicity of mercury depends on its speciation. Chemical redox reactions of mercury in an aquatic environment greatly impact on Hg evasion to the atmosphere and the methylation of mercury in natural waters. Identifying the abiotic redox pathways of mercury relevant to natural waters is important for predicting the transport and fat ...
... Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) have been widely explored as catalyst for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. However, the drawbacks of poor electron transfer ability and degradation performance of PBAs hinder their practical application. In this study, oxygen vacancy (OV)-rich Mn-Fe PBA was regulated through phosphoric acid and ammonia water chemical etching to overcome these drawbacks. Experimental ...
... Activation of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) with biochar is a sustainable and low-cost approach for advanced oxidation of organic pollutants, but faces the challenge of a low yield of hydroxyl radical (˙OH). Herein, we hypothesize that the activation efficiency of H₂O₂ can be enhanced through co-catalysis of trace dissolved iron (Fe) with biochar. Two biochar samples derived from different feedstock, n ...
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; catalysts; chemical oxygen demand; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; hydroxyl radicals; industry; ion exchange resins; liquids; mineralization; oxidants; oxidation; pH; sulfates; temperature; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Sulfate radical advance oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) have attracted a greater attention as a suitable alternative of the hydroxyl radical based advance oxidation process (HR-AOPs). In this study, for the first time we report liquid phase mineralization of nuclear grade cationic IRN-77 resin in Co²⁺/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) based SR-AOPs. After the dissolution of cationic IRN-77 resin, 30 volatile ...
drugs; electron transfer; fluorescence; gene transfer; gold; hydroxyl radicals; irradiation; nanogold; nanorods; photochemotherapy; silica; singlet oxygen
Abstract:
... Gold nanoparticles can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the action of ultrashort pulsed light. While beneficial for photodynamic therapy, this phenomenon is prohibitive for other biomedical applications such as imaging, photo-thermal drug release, or targeted gene delivery. Here, ROS are produced in water by irradiating gold nanorods and silica-coated gold nanorods with near-infrared fe ...
... This commentary describes a highly cited paper by Eli Finkelstein, Gerald M. Rosen, and Elmer J. Raukman that appeared in Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics published in 1980. They reviewed many reports being regularly appearing in the literature describing spin trapping and hydroxyl radicals from various sources and contributed to the development and progress that has been made in oxidative ...