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1. Anther and ovule development in Pittosporopsis and its implications for the systematics of Metteniusaceae (Metteniusales)

Author:
Dong-Rui Kong; Melanie Schori; Lu Li; Yan Luo; De-Chang Hu
Source:
Flora 2022 v.292 pp. 152078
ISSN:
0367-2530
Subject:
Bruniaceae; Icacinaceae; Metteniusaceae; Quintinia; embryo sac; embryology; flora; flowering; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Pittosporopsis Craib, previously considered a member of the Icacinaceae sensu lato (s.l.), was transferred recently to the expanded Metteniusaceae, a family of 11 genera that needs morphological reevaluation to assess possible synapomorphies given its new circumscription. We investigated the anther and ovule developmental characters of Pittosporopsis and compared them with those of other members o ...
Handle:
10113/7771947
DOI:
10.1016/j.flora.2022.152078

2. Character evolution and biogeography of Casearia (Salicaceae): Evidence for the South American origin of a pantropical genus and for multiple migrations to the Caribbean islands

Author:
Astrid de Mestier; Grischa Brokamp; Marcela Celis; Banessa Falcón‐Hidalgo; Jorge Gutiérrez; Thomas Borsch
Source:
Taxon 2022 v.71 no.2 pp. 321-347
ISSN:
0040-0262
Subject:
Casearia; Eocene epoch; Guarea; Lunania; Neotropics; Oligocene epoch; Ryania; biogeography; data collection; dioecy; flora; fossils; geographical distribution; monophyly; synapomorphy; Caribbean; Central America; South America
Abstract:
... Casearia (Salicaceae) is a pantropical genus of circa 200 species, around half of which dwell in the Neotropics. Despite the availability of phylogenetic studies that suggest that Casearia sensu Sleumer is not monophyletic, a strong phylogenetic framework was still lacking for this genus. We tested the monophyly of Casearia and examined the relationships of its species to other taxa of the tribe S ...
DOI:
10.1002/tax.12656

3. Cladistic analysis and taxonomic revision of the genus Poecilocricus Schubart, 1962 (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Rhinocricidae)

Author:
Patrícia Elesbão Silva Rodrigues; Luiz Alexandre Campos; Everton Nei Lopes Rodrigues
Source:
Organisms, diversity, & evolution 2022 v.22 no.1 pp. 141-160
ISSN:
1439-6092
Subject:
Rhinocricidae; data collection; monophyly; new species; redescriptions; synapomorphy; taxonomic keys; taxonomic revisions; Brazil
Abstract:
... This paper offers the first cladistic analysis of the poorly known millipede genus Poecilocricus Schubart, 1962, from Brazil. The data set was composed of 18 taxa and 40 morphological characters. We performed a parsimony analysis by exhaustive search (ie; implicit enumeration) under equal weights (EW) in TNT 1.5. One most parsimonious tree with 78 steps (CI = 0.57; RI = 0.79) recovered the monophy ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13127-021-00527-7

4. Complete Nucleotide Sequence of the Mitogenome of Tapinoma ibericum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae), Gene Organization and Phylogenetics Implications for the Dolichoderinae Subfamily

Author:
Areli Ruiz-Mena; Pablo Mora; Eugenia E. Montiel; Teresa Palomeque; Pedro Lorite
Source:
Genes 2022 v.13 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4425
Subject:
Tapinoma; biogeography; genes; insects; mitochondrial genome; monophyly; nucleotide sequences; pests; ribosomal RNA; synapomorphy; taxonomy; Iberian Peninsula; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... The ant Tapinoma ibericum Santschi, 1925 is native to the Iberian Peninsula. This species, as well as other species from the Tapinoma nigerrimum complex, could form supercolonies that make these species potentially invasive and could give rise to pests. Recently a mature colony from this species has been found in the Isle of Wight (United Kingdom). Mitogenomes have been used to study the taxonomy, ...
DOI:
10.3390/genes13081325

5. Cunoniaceae infructescences from the early Eocene Laguna del Hunco flora, Patagonia, Argentina

Author:
Theodore P. Matel; María A. Gandolfo; Elizabeth J. Hermsen; Peter Wilf
Source:
American journal of botany 2022 v.109 no.6 pp. 986-1003
ISSN:
0002-9122
Subject:
Eocene epoch; Weinmannia; calyx; flora; fossils; fruits; geographical distribution; herbaria; pollen; racemose inflorescences; synapomorphy; wood; Antarctica; Argentina
Abstract:
... PREMISE: Two distinct types of fossil infructescences from the early Eocene Laguna del Hunco flora, Chubut Province, Patagonia, Argentina, preserve features of the family Cunoniaceae. The goal of the study was to assess their affinities within Cunoniaceae and to interpret their evolutionary and biogeographical significance. METHODS: Specimens were collected from the Tufolitas Laguna del Hunco, Hui ...
DOI:
10.1002/ajb2.1867

6. Desmodilliscus braueri crania compared to Pachyuromys duprasi (Desmodilliscini, Gerbillinae, Rodentia)

Author:
Bader H. Alhajeri
Source:
Mammalia 2022 v.86 no.1 pp. 77-87
ISSN:
1864-1547
Subject:
Gerbillinae; allometry; dimorphism; geometry; monophyly; morphometry; skeleton; skull; synapomorphy; teeth
Abstract:
... Molecular phylogenies support the monophyly of Desmodilliscus braueri and Pachyuromys duprasi as a clade basally split from all other gerbillines. While this monophyly supports their placement in a single tribe (Desmodilliscini), no morphological synapomorphies exist among desmodilliscines. This study compares the scale-independent cranial shapes of these two species using geometric morphometrics ...
DOI:
10.1515/mammalia-2021-0036

7. Discovery of the Genus Anapleus Horn, 1873 from Cretaceous Kachin Amber (Coleoptera: Histeridae)

Author:
Rixin Jiang; Michael S. Caterino; Xiangsheng Chen
Source:
Insects 2022 v.13 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
Cretaceous period; Histeridae; amber; new species; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... For the first time, an extant histerid genus Anapleus Horn, 1873 is described from a specimen found in mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber. Anapleus kachinensis sp. nov. Although the genus Anapleus has not been precisely defined by synapomorphies, the new species shares numerous features with extant species while differing in comparatively few external characteristics. Anapleus kachinensis represents the ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects13080746

8. Diversity, host specificity and biogeography in the Cladocorynidae (Hydrozoa, Capitata), with description of a new genus

Author:
Davide Maggioni; Agustín Garese; Danwei Huang; Bert W. Hoeksema; Roberto Arrigoni; Davide Seveso; Paolo Galli; Michael L. Berumen; Enrico Montalbetti; Daniela Pica; Fabrizio Torsani; Simone Montano
Source:
Cladistics 2022 v.38 no.1 pp. 13-37
ISSN:
0748-3007
Subject:
Pteroclava krempfi; ancestry; biogeography; genetic variation; geographical distribution; host specificity; mitochondria; monophyly; morphometry; nematocysts; new genus; statistical analysis; symbiosis; synapomorphy; Caribbean; Caribbean Sea
Abstract:
... The hydrozoan family Cladocorynidae inhabits tropical to temperate waters and comprises the two genera Pteroclava and Cladocoryne. Pteroclava lives in association with some octocorals and hydrozoans, whereas Cladocoryne is more generalist in terms of substrate choice. This work provides a thorough morpho‐molecular reassessment of the Cladocorynidae by presenting the first well‐supported phylogeny ...
DOI:
10.1111/cla.12480

9. Efficient pollination and high reproductive success in two Brazilian Spiranthinae orchids: Insights on the evolutionary history of pollination within the Pelexia clade

Author:
Cristiano Roberto Buzatto; Michelle Helena Nervo; Agustin Sanguinetti; Cássio Van Den Berg; Rodrigo B. Singer
Source:
Plant species biology 2022 v.37 no.2 pp. 182-196
ISSN:
0913-557X
Subject:
Bombus; Centris; Pelexia; flowers; fruits; males; nectar; pollen; pollination; protandry; reproductive success; synapomorphy; Brazil
Abstract:
... The pollination process and breeding system of Pachygenium bonariense and Pachygenium pteryganthum were documented for native populations from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The flowers secrete nectar (on average with 65% to 67% of the concentration of total sugars), which is concealed into an incurved spur. Both species are pollinated by native, large Apidae bees, and the pollinaria adhere under the ...
DOI:
10.1111/1442-1984.12366

10. Evolutionary rates of mitochondrial sequences and gene orders in Spirurina (Nematoda) are episodic but synchronised

Author:
Hong Zou; Hong-Peng Lei; Rong Chen; Fang-Lin Chen; Wen-Xiang Li; Ming Li; Dong Zhang; Ivan Jakovlić; Gui-Tang Wang
Source:
Water biology and security 2022 v.1 no.2 pp. 100033
ISSN:
2772-7351
Subject:
Camallanus; Philometra; ancestry; freshwater; gene order; genes; leaves; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... In contrast to highly conserved mitogenomic architecture in most metazoan lineages, which indicates that rearrangement events are generally strongly selected against, a limited number of often unrelated lineages exhibit highly elevated architectural evolution rates. The underlying reasons for this discontinuity in the mitogenomic evolution remain unknown. Previously we sequenced the mitochondrial ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watbs.2022.100033

11. Exocarp structure in the genus Atraphaxis (Polygonaceae, Polygoneae)

Author:
Olga V. Yurtseva; Andrey G. Deviatov; Dmitry D. Sokoloff
Source:
Plant systematics and evolution 2022 v.308 no.5 pp. 32
ISSN:
0378-2697
Subject:
Polygonaceae; color; exocarp; new species; plant taxonomy; seed germination; synapomorphy; Central Asia; Eurasia
Abstract:
... Exocarp anatomy of 30 species of Atraphaxis has been studied to shed light on possible diagnostic and phylogenetic significance of carpological characters. The diversity of the exocarp structure observed in Atraphaxis was comparable to that in the entire tribe Polygoneae. The size of the exocarp cells, the size and shape of the lumen and its branching were the most variable. The radial size of the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00606-022-01824-0

12. First Modern Data on the Lophophore Nervous System in Adult Novocrania anomala and a Current Assessment of Brachiopod Phylogeny

Author:
Elena Temereva
Source:
Biology 2022 v.11 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
2079-7737
Subject:
adults; ganglia; immunocytochemistry; innervation; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Although the lophophore is regarded as the main synapomorphy of all lophophorates, the evolution of the lophophore in certain groups of lophophorates remains unclear. To date, the innervation of the lophophore has been studied with modern methods only for three brachiopod species belonging to two subphyla: Linguliformea and Rhynchonelliformea. In the third subphylum, the Craniiformea, there are da ...
DOI:
10.3390/biology11030406

13. First record of the genus Eliberidens (Annelida: Dorvilleidae) from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean and cladistics analysis of the genus

Author:
Rafael DE Oliveira Bonaldo; Tatiana Menchini Steiner; André Rinaldo Senna Garraffoni; Antônia Cecília Zacagnini Amaral
Source:
Zoologischer Anzeiger 2022 pp. -
ISSN:
0044-5231
Subject:
Annelida; monophyly; synapomorphy; Atlantic Ocean
Abstract:
... Knowledge on the family Dorvilleidae Chamberlin, 1919 is still limited, mainly due to the scarcity of studies and the rarity of many genera and species in samples collected from shallow waters to great depths. This work presents a two folds aim: i) report the first record of Eliberidens from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, with Eliberidens forceps Wolf, 1986 and Eliberidens hartmannschroederaeHil ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcz.2022.09.006

14. Gene rearrangement in the mitogenome of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodinae) along with their phylogeny and characterization of complete mitogenome of Aleurodicus rugioperculatus

Author:
Vikas Kumar; Avas Pakrashi; C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy; Dhriti Banerjee; Kaomud Tyagi
Source:
Molecular biology reports 2022 v.49 no.6 pp. 4399-4409
ISSN:
0301-4851
Subject:
Aleurodicus; Bayesian theory; ancestry; codon usage; gene order; gene rearrangement; mitochondrial genome; molecular biology; monophyly; statistical analysis; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial genome rearrangements have been used for defining evolutionary relationships, but there have been incidences of convergences at different taxonomic levels. To gain new insights into whitefly mitogenome evolution, gene arrangement and phylogeny, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of Aleurodicus rugioperculatus (Aleyrodidae: Aleurodicinae) and conducted a comparative anal ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11033-022-07275-7

15. Gut anatomy and ultrastructural features of the paunch epithelium in the Neotropical termite Serritermes serrifer (Blattaria, Isoptera, Serritermitidae)

Author:
Ana Maria Costa–Leonardo; Iago Bueno da Silva
Source:
Zoologischer Anzeiger 2022 v.300 pp. 75-81
ISSN:
0044-5231
Subject:
Blattodea; Coptotermes; Heterotermes; Neotropics; Reticulitermes; Termitidae; bacterial adhesion; epithelium; foregut; hindgut; metabolites; midgut; mitochondria; rectum; synapomorphy; ultrastructure
Abstract:
... Termite gut comprises a long tube divided into several compartments. The well-developed hindgut includes five distinct portions, in which microbial communities are harbored, being responsible for different physiological and digestive processes. An enlarged compartment of the hindgut, the paunch, comprises a sac–like structure whose morphological features differ among termite taxa. The Neotropical ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcz.2022.07.004

16. Large-scale phylogenomics of the genus Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes) reveals cryptic diversity and novel sexual traits

Author:
Jeremias N. Brand; Gudrun Viktorin; R. Axel W. Wiberg; Christian Beisel; Lukas Schärer
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2022 v.166 pp. 107296
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Platyhelminthes; cryptic speciation; molecular biology; synapomorphy; transcriptome
Abstract:
... Free-living flatworms of the genus Macrostomum are small and transparent animals, representing attractive study organisms for a broad range of topics in evolutionary, developmental, and molecular biology. The genus includes the model organism M. lignano for which extensive molecular resources are available, and recently there is a growing interest in extending work to additional species in the gen ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107296

17. Molecular and Morphological Analysis Supports the Separation of Robrichia as a Genus Distinct from Enterolobium (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae: Mimosoid Clade)

Author:
Élvia Rodrigues de Souza; Anne Ranielly Monteiro Luz; Lamarck Rocha; Gwilym P. Lewis
Source:
Systematic botany 2022 v.47 no.1 pp. 268-277
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
Albizia; Bayesian theory; Caesalpinioideae; Cathormion; Falcataria; Leucochloron; Samanea; center of diversity; fruit morphology; legumes; monophyly; pinnate leaves; statistical analysis; synapomorphy; Amazonia; Argentina; Mexico
Abstract:
... As currently circumscribed, the legume genus Enterolobium comprises 11 species in two sections: E. sect. Enterolobium and E. sect. Robrichia, with an overall distribution from Mexico to Argentina and a centre of diversity in Amazonia. In the absence of the characteristic indehiscent fruits, Enterolobium is difficult to distinguish from other genera in the ingoid clade, including Albizia sensu lato ...
DOI:
10.1600/036364422X16442669847067

18. Molecular phylogenetics of the Clupeiformes based on exon-capture data and a new classification of the order

Author:
Qian Wang; Leyli Purrafee Dizaj; Junman Huang; Kishor Kumar Sarker; Charalampos Kevrekidis; Bettina Reichenbacher; Hamid Reza Esmaeili; Nicolas Straube; Timo Moritz; Chenhong Li
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2022 v.175 pp. 107590
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Chirocentrus; Clupea; Clupeonella; Denticipitidae; Dussumieria; Engraulidae; Etrumeus; Late Cretaceous epoch; Paleogene period; Pristigasteridae; Sprattus; data collection; extinction; fossils; monophyly; polyphyly; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... The Clupeiformes, including among others herrings, anchovies, shads and menhadens are ecologically and commercially important, yet their phylogenetic relationships are still controversial. Previous classification of Clupeiformes were based on morphological characters or lack of synapomorphic characters. More recent studies based on molecular data as well as new morphological evidence are keeping c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107590

19. Molecular phylogeny of Cosmetocleithrum Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae), gill parasites of Neotropical catfishes (Siluriformes)

Author:
C.A. Mendoza-Palmero; A.A. Acosta; T. Scholz
Source:
Journal of helminthology 2022 v.96 pp. e56
ISSN:
1475-2697
Subject:
Auchenipteridae; Characiformes; Dactylogyridae; Doradidae; Neotropics; genes; monophyly; ribosomal DNA; ribosomal RNA; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Cosmetocleithrum Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 (Dactylogyridae) represents one of the most species-rich groups (22 species currently recognized as valid) of all dactylogyrid parasites infecting Neotropical catfishes. Species of Cosmetocleithrum exhibit a remarkable affinity towards catfishes of the Doradidae and the Auchenipteridae. However, phylogenetic relationships between members of this ge ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0022149X2200044X

20. Morphological delimitation of the genus Cobanus F.O. (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini) with a description of two new species from Colombia

Author:
Franklyn Cala-Riquelme; Abel A. Bustamante; Alexandre Salgado
Source:
Zoologischer Anzeiger 2022 v.297 pp. 42-70
ISSN:
0044-5231
Subject:
Bayesian theory; DNA; Neotropics; Salticidae; new species; statistical analysis; synapomorphy; Colombia
Abstract:
... Recent work on Neotropical jumping spiders continues to reveal the morphological complexity, phylogenetic relationships, and high taxonomic richness of groups that have not been reviewed in years. Here, we focus on clarify the limits of the genus Cobanus F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1900, and transferred some species misplaced in Sidusa peckham & peckham, 1895 to Cobanus. We use an integrative approac ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcz.2022.02.002

21. A New Genus and Species of Histerid Beetle from Western Mexico Showing a Remarkable Sexual Mesotibial Dimorphism (Coleoptera: Histeridae: Histerinae: Exosternini)

Author:
Michael S. Caterino; Alexey K. Tishechkin
Source:
Coleopterists' bulletin 2022 v.76 no.3 pp. 357-363
ISSN:
0010-065X
Subject:
Histeridae; cacti and succulents; dimorphism; new genus; new species; synapomorphy; Mexico
Abstract:
... We describe an exosternine histerid, Vaquerister cantador Caterino and Tishechkin, new genus and new species, from two localities in the arid parts of northwestern Mexico. The males of this species exhibit remarkable secondary sexual modifications, including deeply excavated mesotibiae and trichome-like structures on the prosternum. Its phylogenetic position within Exosternini is unclear, and it s ...
DOI:
10.1649/0010-065X-76.3.357

22. Novel Mitochondrial Gene Rearrangement and Intergenic Regions Exist in the Mitochondrial Genomes from Four Newly Established Families of Praying Mantises (Insecta: Mantodea)

Author:
Yi-Jie Lin; Ling-Na Cai; Yu-Yang Zhao; Hong-Yi Cheng; Kenneth B. Storey; Dan-Na Yu; Jia-Yong Zhang
Source:
Insects 2022 v.13 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
Mantodea; gene rearrangement; mitochondrial genes; mitochondrial genome; models; monophyly; paraphyly; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Long non-coding regions (NCRs) and gene rearrangements are commonly seen in mitochondrial genomes of Mantodea and are primarily focused on three regions: CR-I-Q-M-ND2, COX2-K-D-ATP8, and ND3-A-R-N-S-E-F-ND5. In this study, eight complete and one nearly complete mitochondrial genomes of praying mantises were acquired for the purpose of discussing mitochondrial gene rearrangements and phylogenetic r ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects13070564

23. Phylogenetic analysis and character evolution of tribe Arethuseae (Orchidaceae) reveal a new genus Mengzia

Author:
Wei-Chang Huang; Zhong-Jian Liu; Kai Jiang; Yi-Bo Luo; Xiao-Hua Jin; Ze Zhang; Ru-Hua Xu; John Kumau Muchuku; Stanely S Musungwa; Tomohisa Yukawa; Wei Wang; Xin-Hua Zeng; Hui-Ming Zhang; You-Ming Cai; Chao Hu; Si-Ren Lan
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2022 v.167 pp. 107362
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Bletilla; monophyly; new genus; pollinia (pollen); synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Delimitation of the tribe Arethuseae has varied considerably since it was first defined. The relationships within Arethuseae, particularly within the subtribe Arethusinae, remain poorly elucidated. In this study, we reconstructed the phylogeny of Arethuseae, using six plastid markers (matK, ycf1, rbcL rpoc1, rpl32-trnL and trnL-F) from 83 taxa. The ancestral state reconstruction of 11 selected mor ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107362

24. Phylogenetic analysis of the tribe Dufouriini (Diptera: Tachinidae) using a total evidence approach based on adult and immature stages

Author:
Marcelo Domingos de Santis1; Silvio Shigueo Nihei
Source:
Arthropod systematics & phylogeny 2022 v.80 pp. 1-38
ISSN:
1864-8312
Subject:
Coleoptera; Tachinidae; arthropods; females; instars; males; monophyly; paraphyly; parasitoids; puparium; spermatheca; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Dufouriini are a worldwide distributed tachinid tribe comprised of 51 species in 13 genera, made up of parasitoids of adult Coleoptera. The systematic positioning of Dufouriini has been controversial. Currently, it is placed within Dexiinae, but was previously placed in Phasiinae and Voriinae, and has even had the status of subfamily. Delimitation and composition of Dufouriini has also been debate ...
DOI:
10.3897/asp.80.e69618

25. Phylogenetic and morphological analyses of Pilosocereus leucocephalus group s.s. (Cactaceae) reveal new taxonomical implications

Author:
Daniel Franco-Estrada; Duniel Barrios; Cristian R. Cervantes; Xochitl Granados-Aguilar; Salvador Arias
Source:
Journal of plant research 2022 v.135 no.3 pp. 423-442
ISSN:
0918-9440
Subject:
Pilosocereus; chloroplasts; monophyly; research; synapomorphy; taxonomic keys; Central America; Mexico
Abstract:
... Pilosocereus is one of the Cactaceae family’s most relevant genera in terms of the number of species and its wide geographical range in the Americas. Within Pilosocereus, five informal taxonomic groups have been recognized, one of which is P. leucocephalus group s.s., whose phylogenetic relationships remain unresolved. Therefore, our objectives are to recognize the circumscriptions of the species ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10265-022-01384-x

26. Preservation of aragonite in Late Cretaceous (Campanian) turtle eggshell

Author:
Seung Choi; Noe-Heon Kim; Hyo-Im Kim; Jin Jung Kweon; Sung Keun Lee; Shukang Zhang; David J. Varricchio
Source:
Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology 2022 v.585 pp. 110741
ISSN:
0031-0182
Subject:
Late Cretaceous epoch; Pliocene epoch; Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; aragonite; calcite; carbonates; egg shell; eggs; fossils; invertebrates; palaeogeography; paleoclimatology; paleoecology; rivers; synapomorphy; turtles; Montana
Abstract:
... Among amniotes, turtles are the only clade that lay aragonitic eggs. Because aragonite is a metastable mineral, unequivocal preservation of aragonite in fossil turtle eggs has only been reported from Pliocene deposits. Here, we report in situ preservation of aragonite in a turtle egg from the Judith River Formation (Campanian) of Montana, USA. We utilized electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110741

27. Publicly Available and Validated DNA Reference Sequences Are Critical to Fungal Identification and Global Plant Protection Efforts: A Use-Case in Colletotrichum

Author:
Aaron H. Kennedy; Conrad L. Schoch; Glorimar Marrero; Vyacheslav Brover; Barbara Robbertse
Source:
Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.6 pp. 1573-1596
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Colletotrichum; DNA; analytical methods; data collection; databases; fungi; internal transcribed spacers; international trade; plant protection; species diversity; species identification; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Publicly available and validated DNA reference sequences useful for phylogeny estimation and identification of fungal pathogens are an increasingly important resource in the efforts of plant protection organizations to facilitate safe international trade of agricultural commodities. Colletotrichum species are among the most frequently encountered and regulated plant pathogens at U.S. ports-of-entr ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-09-21-2083-SR

28. Remarks on aerophores and the relationship between sterome and stomata in ferns

Author:
Robbin C. Moran
Source:
Brittonia 2022 v.74 no.2 pp. 123-147
ISSN:
0007-196X
Subject:
Cyatheales; Marattiaceae; Polypodiales; air; color; meristems; photosynthesis; sclerenchyma; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Nearly all ferns support their stems and leaf axes with a sheath of hypodermal sclerenchyma called sterome. The sheath consists of compact fibers with few or no intercellular spaces. Although solving the need for mechanical support, the sterome presents a problem: it blocks air that has diffused through the stomata from diffusing farther into the plant where it is needed for photosynthesis and res ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12228-022-09705-z

29. Reproductive biology and sexual dimorphism of the poorly known frog Chiasmocleis alagoana (Microhylidae, Gastrophryninae), with an updated diagnosis for the species

Author:
Filipe Augusto Cavalcanti do Nascimento; Bruno Vilela; Marcos Jorge Matias Dubeux; Jéssica Yara Araujo Galdino; José Vieira de Araújo-Neto; Fernando Leal; Rafael de Sá
Source:
Studies on neotropical fauna and environment 2022 v.57 no.2 pp. 96-110
ISSN:
1744-5140
Subject:
Microhylidae; Neotropics; environment; fauna; forests; frogs; natural history; reproduction; sexual dimorphism; synapomorphy; wet season
Abstract:
... Chiasmocleis is the most species-rich New World microhylid genus. Among Atlantic Forest species in the genus, C. alagoana has the northernmost distribution. The species was described two decades ago; however, little is known about its natural history. Herein, we provide information on its reproductive biology, advertisement call, and external morphology based on specimens from the type locality an ...
DOI:
10.1080/01650521.2020.1815942

30. Somewhere I belong: phylogeny and morphological evolution in a species‐rich lineage of ectoparasitic flatworms infecting cichlid fishes

Author:
Armando J. Cruz‐Laufer; Antoine Pariselle; Michiel W. P. Jorissen; Fidel Muterezi Bukinga; Anwar Al Assadi; Maarten Van Steenberge; Stephan Koblmüller; Christian Sturmbauer; Karen Smeets; Tine Huyse; Tom Artois; Maarten P. M. Vanhove
Source:
Cladistics 2022 v.38 no.4 pp. 465-512
ISSN:
0748-3007
Subject:
Cichlidae; Cichlidogyrus; adaptive radiation; biodiversity; cluster analysis; ectoparasites; host range; phenotype; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... A substantial portion of biodiversity has evolved through adaptive radiation. However, the effects of explosive speciation on species interactions remain poorly understood. Metazoan parasites infecting radiating host lineages could improve our knowledge because of their intimate host relationships. Yet limited molecular, phenotypic and ecological data discourage multivariate analyses of evolutiona ...
DOI:
10.1111/cla.12506

31. Taxonomic revisions in Fridericia (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) II: the “Neomacfadya” clade

Author:
Miriam Kaehler; Lúcia G. Lohmann
Source:
Willdenowia 2022 v.52 no.2 pp. 247-271
ISSN:
1868-6397
Subject:
Bignonia; Neotropics; Tecoma; Willdenowia; calyx; conservation status; lectotypes; monophyly; phenology; synapomorphy; taxonomic keys; taxonomic revisions
Abstract:
... Fridericia is a large genus of neotropical lianas with a complicated taxonomy. The genus is monophyletic and well supported by molecular characters, but lacks distinctive morphological synapomorphies, complicating its recognition. Species of Fridericia are distributed among six well-supported clades. As part of a series of taxonomic revisions of each clade of Fridericia, we present a taxonomic rev ...
DOI:
10.3372/wi.52.52204

32. Trait-linked phylogenetic framework of Paphiopedilum distributed in India revealed species passport trait to prevent unethical trade through in-silico study

Author:
Appu Siga; Aditya Sarkar; Parthapratim Konwar; Jadumoni Saikia; Siddhartha Proteem Saikia; Dipanwita Banik
Source:
South African journal of botany 2022 v.150 pp. 420-430
ISSN:
0254-6299
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Cypripedium; DNA; Paphiopedilum; Phragmipedium; Selenipedium; computer simulation; data collection; monophyly; peduncle; perianth; synapomorphy; trade; India
Abstract:
... Paphiopedilum Pfitzer is one of the largest horticulturally utilized genera of slipper orchids. Similar characters of slipper orchids within Paphiopedilum may camouflage identity and mislead a nonprofessional to species substitution. All the species of Paphiopedilum are enlisted in CITES Appendix I and barred for unethical trading from wild sources. An in-silico study on the trait-linked phylogene ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sajb.2022.07.021

33. Ultrastructure of Antennal Sensory Organs in Nine Flesh Flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae): New Insight into the Definition of Family Sarcophagidae

Author:
Wentian Xu; Genting Liu; Qike Wang; Liping Yan; Xianhui Liu; Xinyu Li; Thomas Pape; Dong Zhang
Source:
Insects 2022 v.13 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
Sarcophaga; pedicel; sensilla; synapomorphy; ultrastructure
Abstract:
... The antennae are the main olfactory organ of flies, playing key roles in their survival and the success of all life stages. Antennal ultrastructural morphology has been well described in the representative species of most calyptrate families, yet only a few studies have focused on Sarcophagidae species, those with ecological and medical relevance. Antennal morphology and the types, shapes, distrib ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects13070602

34. The egg-brooding frogs Fritziana Mello-Leitão, 1937 and Flectonotus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 (Amphibia: Anura): osteology and putative synapomorphies for hemiphractid frogs

Author:
Manuella Folly; Juliana Kirchmeyer; Andressa M. Bezerra; Sergio P. de Carvalho-e-Silva; Linda Trueb
Source:
Zoologischer Anzeiger 2022 v.298 pp. 170-197
ISSN:
0044-5231
Subject:
Anura; nose; skull; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Despite the importance of osteological characters in the diagnoses of the hemiphractid genera Fritziana and Flectonotus mentioned in the literature, published information on the osteology of both genera has been limited to the shape description of a few skull bones, such as nasals, quadratojugals, and neopalatines. Herein, detailed cranial osteological descriptions of six species of Fritziana and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcz.2022.03.003

35. The first complete mitochondrial genome of Bdelloidea (Trombidiformes, Eupodina) and comparative genomics provide insights into gene rearrangement and evolution of trombidiform mites

Author:
Ying Fang; Yu Fang; Lingmiao Chu; Zetao Zuo; Luyao Liu; Rui Feng; Ziyu Zhang; Xuebing Zhan; Feiyan Li; Caixiao Hu; Lan Ding; Mowen Wu; Ruoxi Pan; Renrui Han; Xingquan Xia; Yufeng Wen; Entao Sun
Source:
Journal of stored products research 2022 v.98 pp. 102009
ISSN:
0022-474X
Subject:
Bdelloidea; Trombidiformes; gene order; gene rearrangement; genomics; mites; mitochondrial genome; monophyly; multigene family; research; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... In this study, we reported the first complete mitogenome of Bdelloidea, Spinibdella lignicola, and combined with other 26 trombidiform mitogenomes, we conducted gene order (GO) comparative analyses of trombidiform mites. The mitogenome of S. lignicola, having a full set of 37 coding genes, exhibits a novel gene cluster of “trnA-trnQ-trnS1-trnR” among trombidiform mites. Phylogenetic reconstruction ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jspr.2022.102009

36. A global phylogeny of the deep-sea gastropod family Scaphandridae (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea): Redefinition and generic classification

Author:
Justine Siegwald; Trond R. Oskars; Yasunori Kano; Manuel António E. Malaquias
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2022 v.169 pp. 107415
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Cephalaspidea; biological speciation; callus; genes; male reproductive system; polyphyly; statistical analysis; synapomorphy; taxonomy; Atlantic Ocean
Abstract:
... We present the most comprehensive phylogeny of a globally distributed deep-sea group of gastropods published to date including over 80% of the recognized diversity of the family Scaphandridae. The definition and taxonomic composition of the Scaphandridae has been hampered by the lack of a sound phylogenetic framework and definition of synapomorphic traits. We used a combination of molecular phylog ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107415

37. A neomorphic ossification connecting the braincase, squamosal, and quadrate in choristoderan reptiles: insights from µCT data

Author:
Wanying Qin; Hongyu Yi; Keqin Gao
Source:
Fossil record 2022 v.25 no.1 pp. 1-10
ISSN:
2193-0074
Subject:
Jurassic period; Miocene epoch; bone formation; fossils; holotypes; micro-computed tomography; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Choristoderes are extinct semi-aquatic to aquatic diapsid reptiles, occupying a similar niche as modern crocodilians from the Jurassic to the Miocene. Distinct from other diapsids, choristoderes have a neomorphic ossification between the braincase, squamosal, and quadrate. This neomorphic bone is described as thin and plate-like in long-snouted choristoderes (Neochoristodera), yet little is known ...
DOI:
10.3897/fr.25.79595

38. A new species of Cambeva (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) from the Rio Iguaçu basin, Paraná State, Brazil and redescription of Cambeva stawiarski (Miranda Ribeiro 1968)

Author:
Renan B. dos Reis; Juliano Ferrer; Weferson J. da Graça
Source:
Journal of fish biology 2022 v.100 no.1 pp. 279-299
ISSN:
0022-1112
Subject:
Trichomycteridae; basins; biodiversity; color; fins; fish; freshwater; morphometry; new species; redescriptions; synapomorphy; Brazil
Abstract:
... This work aimed to describe Cambeva cauim, sp. nov., endemic to the Rio Iguaçu basin, Brazil and redescribe Cambeva stawiarski using external and internal morphological data through the revision of specimens deposited in fish collections, including the type material. In this process, we have also added comments on the possible type locality of C. stawiarski. C. cauim, sp. nov. and C. stawiarski ar ...
DOI:
10.1111/jfb.14947

39. The short but useful life of Prepusa montana Mart. (Gentianaceae Juss.) leaf colleters—anatomical, micromorphological, and ultrastructural aspects

Author:
Jailma Rodrigues Gonçalves; Diego Ismael Rocha; Luana Silva dos Santos; Valdnéa Casagrande Dalvi
Source:
Protoplasma 2022 v.259 no.1 pp. 187-201
ISSN:
0033-183X
Subject:
Gentianaceae; adults; apical meristems; electron microscopy; endoplasmic reticulum; head; leaves; ontogeny; peduncle; polysaccharides; programmed cell death; secretion; synapomorphy; trichomes
Abstract:
... Colleters are secretory structures involved in the protection of young and developing plant organs. Although the presence of colleters in Gentianales is described as a synapomorphy, studies on the morphofunctionality of colleters and the mechanisms underlying the synthesis and release of colleter secretion in Gentianaceae are scarce. Here, we described the ontogeny and the morphological and functi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00709-021-01651-z

40. The wood anatomy of Sapindales: diversity and evolution of wood characters

Author:
Marcelo R. Pace; Caian S. Gerolamo; Joyce G. Onyenedum; Teresa Terrazas; Mariana P. Victorio; Israel L. Cunha Neto; Veronica Angyalossy
Source:
Revista brasileira de botânica 2022 v.45 no.1 pp. 283-340
ISSN:
1806-9959
Subject:
Anacardiaceae; Burseraceae; Sapindaceae; Swietenia; cambium; occupations; parenchyma (plant tissue); silica; synapomorphy; tyloses; wood
Abstract:
... The Sapindales are a large order comprised of trees, shrubs, lianas and rarely herbs. This lineage is mostly pantropical with important temperate lineages, inclusing some of the most diverse, highly prized woods in the world, such as mahogany (Swietenia). In this study, we characterized the wood anatomy across eight of the nine Sapindales families, and leverage phylogenetic comparative methods to ...
DOI:
10.1007/s40415-021-00764-2

41. Character analysis and descriptions of Eocene sphodrine fossils (Coleoptera, Carabidae) using light microscopy, micro-CT scanning, and 3D imaging

Author:
Joachim Schmidt; Stephan Scholz; Kipling Will
Source:
Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift 2022 v.69 no.1 pp. 19-44
ISSN:
1860-1324
Subject:
Carabidae; Eocene epoch; amber; female genitalia; fossils; holotypes; light microscopy; males; micro-computed tomography; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... AbstractOf the 12 specimens of Calathus-like sphodrine beetles presently known from Baltic and Rovno amber deposits, 11 specimens were investigated using light microscopy, micro-CT scanning, and 3D imaging techniques. For the first time, many significant diagnostic characters of the external morphology and male and female genitalia of Eocene Sphodrini were studied in detail. Based on these data, ...
DOI:
10.3897/dez.69.79931

42. The genus Cletocamptus (Harpacticoida, Canthocamptidae): a reappraisal, with proposal of a new subfamily, a new genus, and a new species

Author:
Samuel Gómez; Beatriz Yáñez-Rivera
Source:
ZooKeys 2022 v.1080 pp. 165-208
ISSN:
1313-2970
Subject:
Harpacticoida; estuaries; females; new genus; new species; new subfamily; sediments; synapomorphy; Mexico
Abstract:
... AbstractA new species of Cletocamptus closely related to C. helobius was found in sediment samples taken from a polluted estuarine system in north-western Mexico. The genus Cletocamptus was relegated to species incertae sedis in 1986, and this finding prompted us to evaluate the current taxonomic position of the genus within the Canthocamptidae. The latter has been subdivided in several, seemingl ...
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.1080.71192

43. Assessing a generic synapomorphy of Pseudodebis Forster, 1964 (Lepidoptera:Nymphalidae:Satyrinae) and a recent speciation with a shift in elevation between two new species in the western Andes

Author:
Shinichi Nakahara; Pável Matos-Maraví; Johanna Schwartz; Keith R. Willmott
Source:
Invertebrate systematics 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 158-180
ISSN:
1445-5226
Subject:
Bayesian theory; DNA; Neotropics; Nymphalidae; butterflies; confidence interval; genetic variation; invertebrates; larvae; males; new species; nucleotide sequences; sympatry; synapomorphy; Andes region
Abstract:
... The field of systematics and our understanding of phylogenetic relationships have been invigorated by the use of molecular data, but analyses based on DNA sequence data are not always corroborated by diagnostic morphological characters. In particular, several taxonomic changes in butterflies (Papilionoidea) have been made solely on the basis of molecular data without identifying morphological syna ...
DOI:
10.1071/IS20024

44. Balticeler kerneggeri gen. nov., sp. nov., an enigmatic Baltic amber fossil of the ground beetle subfamily Trechinae (Coleoptera, Carabidae)

Author:
Joachim Schmidt; Stephan Scholz; David R. Maddison
Source:
Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift 2021 v.68 no.1 pp. 207-224
ISSN:
1860-1324
Subject:
Carabidae; Eocene epoch; amber; fossils; light microscopy; micro-computed tomography; sexual dimorphism; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Balticeler kerneggeri gen. nov., sp. nov., is described based on six fossil specimens preserved in Eocene Baltic amber and imaged using light microscopy and X-ray micro-computed tomography. Based on certain characters observed in the fossil species it is considered a “middle grade” Carabidae, outside of the large family Harpalinae (as it possesses a scrobal seta, the lack of which is a synapomorph ...
DOI:
10.3897/dez.68.66181

45. Broad and narrow host ranges in resolved species of Cintractia limitata s. lat. (Anthracoideaceae, Ustilaginomycotina) on Cyperus

Author:
J. Kruse; A. R. McTaggart; K. Dhileepan; P. M. Musili; F. M. Mutie; J. E. Ntandu; P. R. O. Edogbanya; E. C. Chukwuma; R. G. Shivas
Source:
Mycological progress 2021 v.20 no.2 pp. 191-201
ISSN:
1617-416X
Subject:
Anthracoideaceae; Cintractia; Cyperus; biological control agents; invasive species; new species; spikelets; spores; synapomorphy; Australia
Abstract:
... Cintractia (Anthracoideaceae, Ustilaginomycotina) is a widespread genus of smut fungi that parasitizes species of Cyperaceae. Specimens of Cintractia spp. on species of Cyperus s. lat. were examined to resolve their taxonomy, including a species on Cyperus aromaticus, which is an invasive weed in Australia. A phylogenetic species concept was used to show that Cintractia limitata s. lat. contains t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11557-020-01664-7

46. Caryophylliids (Anthozoa, Scleractinia) and mitochondrial gene order: Insights from mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenomics

Author:
I.G.L. Seiblitz; C.F. Vaga; K.C.C. Capel; S.D. Cairns; J. Stolarski; A.M. Quattrini; M.V. Kitahara
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2022 v.175 pp. 107565
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Bayesian theory; DNA; Scleractinia; computer simulation; data collection; exons; gene order; gene rearrangement; mitochondria; mitochondrial genes; mitochondrial genome; monophyly; polyphyly; skeleton; statistical analysis; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Molecularly, the family Caryophylliidae is polyphyletic and different sets of genetic data converge towards a consensus that a taxonomic review of this family is necessary. Overall, the order of genes in the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) together with DNA sequences have been used to successfully untangle evolutionary relationships in several groups of organisms. Published mitogenomes of two ca ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107565

47. Comparative chromosome painting in Chacoan peccary, Catagonus wagneri

Author:
Petra Musilova; Svatava Kubickova; Halina Cernohorska; Jiri Rubes
Source:
Journal of applied genetics 2021 v.62 no.2 pp. 319-321
ISSN:
1234-1983
Subject:
Catagonus wagneri; Pecari tajacu; Sus scrofa; Tayassu pecari; heterochromatin; hybridization; karyotyping; nucleolus organizer region; submetacentric chromosomes; swine; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Chacoan peccary (Catagonus wagneri, 2n=20) is the most endangered of three extant species of Tayassuidae. Its karyotype has been studied only by differential chromosome staining methods so far. To establish a comparative cytogenetic map of the peccary, we used cross-species hybridization with porcine (Sus scrofa, 2n=38) painting probes. Painting revealed 30 evolutionary conserved autosomal segment ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13353-021-00619-2

48. Comparative morphology and ontogenetic patterns of Bdallophytum species (Cytinaceae, Malvales): insight into the biology of an endoparasitic genus

Author:
Sandra Rios-Carrasco; Sonia Vázquez-Santana
Source:
Botany 2021 v.99 no.4 pp. 221-238
ISSN:
1916-2804
Subject:
Cytinus; Dipterocarpaceae; Malvaceae; Sarcolaenaceae; androecium; dioecy; embryology; endoparasites; flowering; males; ontogeny; ovules; synapomorphy; Mexico
Abstract:
... Cytinaceae are root endoparasitic plants with only three genera. Their biology is largely unknown, and most knowledge of the family is based on the Old World genus Cytinus. Here, we studied all three species of the New World Bdallophytum from Mexico. We describe their morphoanatomy, floral development, and embryology, highlighting the unique traits of Bdallophytum compared with two other genera of ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjb-2020-0025

49. The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Chicken Body Louse, Menacanthus cornutus, and Evolutionary Patterns of Extensive Gene Rearrangements in the Mitochondrial Genomes of Amblycera (Psocodea: Phthiraptera)

Author:
Siyu Gong; Ye Xu; Shiwen Xu; Yanxin Liang; Li Tian; Wanzhi Cai; Hu Li; Fan Song
Source:
Genes 2022 v.13 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4425
Subject:
Menacanthus cornutus; Menacanthus stramineus; animals; chromosomes; circular DNA; genes; insects; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; monophyly; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Animal mitochondrial (mt) genomes are typically double-strand circular DNA molecules, but diverse structural variations have been widely found in multiple groups. In parasitic lice (Phthiraptera), the structure of mt genomes varies remarkably across all five suborders. In this study, we reported the complete mt genome of a chicken body louse, Menacanthus cornutus, which has a typical single circul ...
DOI:
10.3390/genes13030522

50. A Comprehensive Study of the Genus Sanguisorba (Rosaceae) Based on the Floral Micromorphology, Palynology, and Plastome Analysis

Author:
Inkyu Park; Junho Song; Sungyu Yang; Goya Choi; Byeongcheol Moon
Source:
Genes 2021 v.12 no.11 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4425
Subject:
DNA barcoding; Sanguisorba officinalis; chloroplast genome; chloroplasts; disease diagnosis; exine; genetic distance; genetic variation; genomics; hypanthium; microstructure; palynology; pollen; species identification; synapomorphy; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... Sanguisorba, commonly known as burnet, is a genus in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern hemisphere. Five of its thirty species are distributed in Korea: Sanguisorba officinalis, S. stipulata, S. hakusanensis, S. longifolia, and S. tenuifolia. S. officinalis has been designated as a medicinal remedy in the Chinese and Korean Herbal Pharmacopeias. Despite being a val ...
DOI:
10.3390/genes12111764