U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Https

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Subject watersheds Remove constraint Subject: watersheds Subject agricultural land Remove constraint Subject: agricultural land
Start Over

Search

1,830  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 100 of 1,830 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. Flow and nutrient export patterns for an agricultural hill-land watershed

Author:
Pionke, H.B.; Gburek, W.J.; Sharpley, A.N.; Schnabel, R.R.
Source:
Clean water, clean environment, 21st century : team agriculture, working to protect water resources : conference proceedings, March 5-8, 1995, Kansas City, Missouri pp. -
Subject:
watersheds; agricultural land; streams; water quality; nitrogen; phosphorus; stream flow; runoff; rain; nitrates; drainage; Pennsylvania
Handle:
10113/20485

2. Nitrogen and phosphorus in North Carolina coastal plain streams

Author:
Hunt, P.G.; Stone, K.C.; Humenik, F.J.; Rice, J.M.; Cook, M.G.
Source:
Clean water, clean environment, 21st century : team agriculture, working to protect water resources : conference proceedings, March 5-8, 1995, Kansas City, Missouri pp. -
Subject:
watersheds; water pollution; streams; coastal plains; water quality; ammonium nitrogen; phosphorus; nitrates; nitrate nitrogen; wetlands; agricultural land; crop production; animal production; swine; ammonium compounds; North Carolina
Handle:
10113/18275

3. Salt Pickup from Agricultural Lands in the Grand Valley of Colorado

Author:
Gaylord V. Skogerboe; Wynn R. Walker
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1973 v.2 no.3 pp. 377-382
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
agricultural land; aquifers; groundwater; rivers; saline soils; salinity; seepage; water management; watersheds; Colorado; Colorado River
Abstract:
... Introduction of seepage and deep percolation losses to the saline soils and aquifers, and the eventual return of these flows to the river system with their large salt loads, make the Grand Valley in Colorado one of the more significant salinity sources in the Upper Colorado River Basin. A study was formulated in which the principle components of both the water and salt flow systems were delineated ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1973.00472425000200030017x

4. Predicting Pesticide Runoff from Agricultural Land: A Conceptual Model

Author:
G. W. Bailey; R. R. Swank; H. P. Nicholson
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1974 v.3 no.2 pp. 95-102
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
agricultural land; agricultural runoff; basins; climatic factors; drainage channels; guidelines; mass transfer; mathematical models; meteorological data; particulates; pesticides; photochemistry; physicochemical properties; pollution load; prediction; rain; sediment transport; sediment yield; sediments; soil erosion; soil properties; topography; volatilization; water pollution; watersheds
Abstract:
... A mathematical model of the dynamic, single-rainfall-event type is being developed to describe quantitatively pesticide runoff as a function of pesticide and soil properties, agricultural practices, watershed characteristics, and climatic factors. From the model, guidelines governing pesticide use will be derived to prevent or minimize water pollution resulting from runoff from agricultural land. ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1974.00472425000300020001x

5. Modeling Nitrate Movement and Dissipation in Fertilized Soils

Author:
K. E. Saxton; G. E. Schuman; R. E. Burwell
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1977 v.41 no.2 pp. 265-271
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Zea mays; agricultural land; crop production; leaching; models; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; pollution; soil profiles; soil water; watersheds; Iowa
Abstract:
... It is important to know the fate of nitrogen (N) fertilizers to ensure crop production and avoid pollution, but frequent measurement of soil N is difficult. Therefore, we developed a digital model to calculate the occurrence, movement, and dissipation of nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃-N) within the soil profile of fertilized agricultural lands. Daily NO₃-N amounts and distributions within a 1.8-m soil prof ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1977.03615995004100020021x

6. Sulfur Nutrition of Rice. I. A Survey of Soils of South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Author:
Graeme J. Blair; C. P. Mamaril; A. Pangerang Umar; E. O. Momuat; Christine Momuat
Source:
Agronomy journal 1979 v.71 no.3 pp. 473-477
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Oryza sativa; agricultural land; field experimentation; grain yield; nutrition; rice; soil; sulfur; surveys; triple superphosphate; urea; watersheds; Indonesia
Abstract:
... Rice (Oryza sativa L.) yields in South Sulawesi, Indonesia have declined in some areas despite the use of significant quantities of urea and triple superphosphate (TSP). Chlorotic plants were observed to be growing on these low-yielding areas despite the application of N. A series of field trials were conducted to examine the S status of soils in the area. In these experiments S was applied in var ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1979.00021962007100030022x

7. Dissipation of the Herbicides Atrazine and Alachlor in a Maryland Corn Field

Author:
Tung L. Wu
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1980 v.9 no.3 pp. 459-465
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Zea mays; agricultural land; alachlor; altitude; atrazine; corn; drainage channels; growing season; nonpoint source pollution; runoff; soil organic matter; soil profiles; soil water; watersheds; Maryland
Abstract:
... Atrazine and alachlor are commonly used in Maryland corn fields (Zea mays L.), primarily as pre-emergence herbicides. This research was part of a watershed program designed to monitor nonpoint source pollution due to runoff of chemicals from agricultural lands. Atrazne (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine) and alachlor (2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-methoxymethyl acetanilide) were spr ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1980.00472425000900030029x

8. Quantification of Soil Loss and Sediment Produced from Eroded Land

Author:
D. T. Lewis; M. J. Lepele
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1982 v.46 no.2 pp. 369-372
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
agricultural land; clay; landscapes; nonpoint source pollution; sediment contamination; sediments; soil; soil erosion; soil surveys; streams; watersheds; Nebraska
Abstract:
... Soil eroded from slopes and sediment added to stream systems as non-point pollution from a small watershed in southeastern Nebraska were quantified. The watershed studied was within delineation of severely eroded loessial soils. Calculations of soil loss were based on horizonation and clay distribution in eroded pedons as compared to slightly eroded pedons in the same soil series. Thickness and ar ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1982.03615995004600020031x

9. The pH of rainfall in the Southern Plains

Author:
Smith, S.J.; Sharpley, A.N.; Menzel, R.G.
Source:
Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science 1984 v.64 pp. 40-42
ISSN:
0078-4303
Subject:
acid deposition; pH; runoff; watersheds; agricultural land; Oklahoma; Texas
Abstract:
... The pH of rainfall was measured on agricultural watersheds at Chickasha, El Reno, and Woodward, OK and at Riesel, TX during 1979 to 1983. The mean annual pH of rainfall was consistently greater than that of "pure" rain (5.6), with the lowest pH being 5.3. The average pH of rainfall for the Oklahoma locations over the study period was 6.4. Thus, rainfall was not acidic compared to "pure" rain. The ...
Handle:
10113/18823

10. Hydrograph recession characteristics of some small agricultural catchments

Author:
Boughton, W.C.; Freebairn, D.M.
Source:
Soil research 1985 v.23 no.3 pp. 373-382
ISSN:
0004-9573
Subject:
agricultural land; watersheds; surface water; runoff; Queensland
DOI:
10.1071/SR9850373

11. Bacterial Pollution in Runoff from Agricultural Lands

Author:
Wanada R. Baxter-Potter; Martha W. Gilliland
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1988 v.17 no.1 pp. 27-34
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Streptococcus; agricultural land; agricultural runoff; fecal bacteria; indicator species; livestock husbandry; pollution; storms; streams; temperature; water quality standards; watersheds; wildlife
Abstract:
... A review of the literature reporting the methods and results of studies concerned with the nature of nonpoint source microbial pollution leads to several conclusions: (i) Comparison of data from different studies may be complicated by variation in the choice of indicator organisms, variation in watershed size and homogeneity, and variation in media and procedures for determining fecal streptococcu ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1988.00472425001700010004x

12. Assessment of Cumulative Impacts to Water Quality in a Forested Wetland Landscape

Author:
Daniel L. Childers; James G. Gosselink
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1990 v.19 no.3 pp. 455-464
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
adsorption; adverse effects; agricultural land; applied ecology; basins; environmental impact; freshwater; hardwood forests; historical records; landscapes; lotic systems; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nutrient content; phosphorus; renewable resources; rivers; runoff; sediments; storms; streams; suspended sediment; total phosphorus; turbidity; water analysis; water quality; watersheds; wetlands; Louisiana
Abstract:
... One important focus of applied ecology is the assessment of environmental impacts and the recommendation of ways to avoid or minimize these impacts. Cumulative impacts result from the accumulation of many human activities whose impacts, although not individually measurable, together sum to significant adverse effects. Assessment of cumulative impacts requires a landscape approach and large-scale a ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1990.00472425001900030017x

13. Estimating Nutrient Exports to Estuaries

Author:
Charles R. Frink
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1991 v.20 no.4 pp. 717-724
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
agricultural land; estuaries; lakes; land use; leaching; models; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nutrients; phosphorus; sediment transport; watersheds; Connecticut
Abstract:
... Nutrient export coefficients for Long Island Sound were estimated by relating measured concentrations of N and P in 33 Connecticut lakes to land use in their watersheds. This approach does not require that watersheds represent a single category of land use, but rather uses the lake to integrate contributions from all sources. These estimates were then compared with those obtained from an extensive ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1991.00472425002000040002x

14. Phosphorus Loads from Selected Watersheds in the Drainage Area of the Northern Adriatic Sea

Author:
M. Vighi; S. Soprani; P. Puzzarini; G. Menghi
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1991 v.20 no.2 pp. 439-444
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
agricultural land; coastal soils; coasts; drainage; eutrophication; fertilizers; land use; leaching; mountains; phosphorus; pollution load; soil erosion; watersheds; Adriatic Sea; Italy
Abstract:
... The Po Valley is one of the most productive agricultural areas in Europe and P losses from fertilizers are often accused of being among the main factors responsible for eutrophication of the Northern Adriatic Sea. To quantify nonpoint phosphorus loads in this area, 15 small watersheds were studied. Thirteen watersheds were in the intensive agricultural area near the coast and two watersheds were i ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1991.00472425002000020017x

15. Spatial Distribution of Soil Heat Flux and Growing Degree Days

Author:
J. K. Wolf; A. S. Rogowski
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1991 v.55 no.3 pp. 647-657
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
agricultural land; animal manures; anisotropy; bulk density; farms; fructose; geostatistics; glucose; groundwater contamination; heat sums; heat transfer; land use planning; mineralization; nitrate fertilizers; nitrates; nitrogen; soil heat flux; soil temperature; soil water; sucrose; volumetric water content; water content; watersheds; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... In agricultural areas, groundwater pollution by NO²⁻₃ from excessive fertilizer, manure, and amendment applications is becoming a serious problem. To control such pollution, assessment of the potentially most critical recharge zones is needed. Spatial parameterization of soil heat flux can delineate areas of high C and N mineralization and help identify such zones. Soil heat-flux distributions wer ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1991.03615995005500030003x

16. Valley reforestation to lower saline groundwater tables: results from Stene's Farm, Western Australia

Author:
Schofield, N.J.; Bari, M.A.
Source:
Soil research 1991 v.29 no.5 pp. 635-650
ISSN:
0004-9573
Subject:
land restoration; Eucalyptus; afforestation; valleys; agricultural land; watersheds; groundwater; salinity; groundwater recharge; water quality; water table; saline water; Western Australia
DOI:
10.1071/SR9910635

17. Sediment and Nutrient Loss from Clay Soils as Affected by Tillage

Author:
F. W. Chichester; C. W. Richardson
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1992 v.21 no.4 pp. 587-590
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Sorghum bicolor; Triticum aestivum; Vertisols; Zea mays; agricultural land; agricultural runoff; chiseling; clay; clay soils; corn; environmental fate; losses from soil; no-tillage; nutrients; pollutants; rain; sediments; water pollution; water resources; watersheds; wheat; Texas
Abstract:
... Agricultural source pollution of water resources has been a source of concern in recent years. Research is needed to define mechanisms of chemical and sediment loss in runoff from agricultural land, and to develop management practices that minimize transport of these pollutants. This study was designed to compare the effect of no-till (NT) and conventional chisel-till (CT) soil management on runof ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1992.00472425002100040010x

18. The Transport of Bioavailable Phosphorus in Agricultural Runoff

Author:
Andrew N. Sharpley; S.J. Smith; O.R. Jones; W.A. Berg; G.A. Coleman
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1992 v.21 no.1 pp. 30-35
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
minimum tillage; grasses; no-tillage; agricultural land; bioavailability; phosphorus fertilizers; fallow; watersheds; losses from soil; Triticum aestivum; stubble mulching; Sorghum bicolor; Arachis hypogaea; phosphorus; crop rotation; runoff; Oklahoma; Texas
Abstract:
... Bioavailable P (BAP) in agricultural runoff represents P potentially available for algal uptake and consists of soluble P (SP) and a variable portion of participate P (PP). Evaluation of the impact of agricultural management on BAP in runoff will aid assessment of the resultant biological productivity of receiving water bodies. Soluble P, PP, and bioavailable PP (BPP) (estimated by NaOH extraction ...
Handle:
10113/19851
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1992.00472425002100010003x

19. Utility and Railway Right-of-Way Contaminants in British Columbia: Chlorophenols

Author:
Michael T. Wan
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1992 v.21 no.2 pp. 225-231
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Oncorhynchus; agricultural land; aquatic invertebrates; chlorophenols; fish communities; lethal concentration 50; railroads; rights of way; salmon; sediments; soil; streams; utility poles; watersheds; British Columbia
Abstract:
... Utility and railway right-of-way ditches flowing to salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) streams in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada, were sampled in 1990 to determine the occurrence and levels of chlorophenols (CP). Ditches of pristine watershed areas, parklands, and agricultural lands were also sampled to establish background/reference levels of CP. While CP were not detected in ditches of p ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1992.00472425002100020011x

20. Agricultural Chemical Discharge in Surface Water Runoff

Author:
S. J. Smith; A. N. Sharpley; L. R. Ahuja
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1993 v.22 no.3 pp. 474-480
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
agrochemicals; surface water; runoff; watersheds; grasslands; agricultural land; watershed management; crop management; research; equations
Abstract:
... The discharge of agricultural chemicals (i.e., soil-fertilizer nutrients and pesticides) in runoff waters is important from both agronomic and environmental standpoints. Presented here is an overview of our current concepts and approaches employed for describing this discharge, based on studies we have conducted over the past decade. Most of our field testing and validation of concepts regarding c ...
Handle:
10113/19853
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1993.00472425002200030011x

21. Estimating Daily Nutrient Fluxes to a Large Piedmont Reservoir from Limited Tributary Data

Author:
M. A. Nearing; R. M. Risse; L. F. Rogers
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1993 v.22 no.4 pp. 666-671
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
stream flow; water quality; lakes; agricultural land; nitrogen; nitrate nitrogen; watersheds; nonpoint source pollution; chemical oxygen demand; phosphorus; land use; Georgia
Abstract:
... Physically based models of lakes require estimates of daily, spatially varied water and nutrient fluxes into the lake from surrounding watersheds. Often, however, only a selected set of streams are periodically (monthly or biweekly) sampled. The objective of this study was to develop and test a method for estimating daily flux of nutrients into a large reservoir using data from sampling of selecte ...
Handle:
10113/6589
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1993.00472425002200040005x

22. Ground-water contribution to stream salinity in a shale catchment, R.S.A

Author:
Greeff, G.J.
Source:
Ground water 1994 v.32 no.1 pp. 63-70
ISSN:
0017-467X
Subject:
watersheds; agricultural land; irrigation water; seepage; groundwater contamination; river water; South Africa
DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-6584.1994.tb00612.x

23. Seasonal distributions of peak flows from small agricultural watersheds

Author:
Bonta, J.V.; Rao, A.R.
Source:
Journal of irrigation and drainage engineering 1994 v.120 no.2 pp. 422-439
ISSN:
0733-9437
Subject:
runoff; watersheds; agricultural land; land use; soil types; seasons; Ohio
DOI:
10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(1994)120:2(422)

24. Study of Pesticide Occurrence in Two Closely Spaced Lakes in Northeastern Nebraska

Author:
Roy F. Spalding; Daniel D. Snow; David A. Cassada; Mark E. Burbach
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1994 v.23 no.3 pp. 571-578
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
pesticide residues; temporal variation; lakes; agricultural land; watersheds; soil types; land use; hydrologic factors; water pollution; Nebraska
Abstract:
... Dissolved pesticide concentrations in 168 water samples collected from two closely-spaced lakes between early May 1990 and mid-June 1991 indicated large differences in impacts from watershed nonpoint source inputs. Pesticide levels in Maskenthine Lake, a small impoundment of 34 ha, increased in response to spring and early summer runoff events. Twelve pesticides [atrazine, 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6- ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1994.00472425002300030024x

25. Fecal Bacteria in Agricultural Waters of the Bluegrass Region of Kentucky

Author:
J. M. Howell; M. S. Coyne; P. Cornelius
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1995 v.24 no.3 pp. 411-419
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
watersheds; agricultural land; water quality; Streptococcus; wells; springs (water); streams; topography; stream flow; groundwater; water pollution; Kentucky
Abstract:
... Agricultural runoff influenced by nonpoint pollution frequently exceeds the USEPA standards for bacterial contamination of primary contact water (200 fecal coliforms/100 mL). Few studies have evaluated the effect of cattle (Bos taurus) grazing on fecal contamination of ground water in the karst topography of central Kentucky. Our objectives were to: (i) observe the extent and pattern of fecal bact ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400030003x

26. The nitrogen load to the Baltic Sea--present situation, acceptable future load and suggested source reduction

Author:
Enell, M.; Fejes, J.
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 1995 v.85 no.2 pp. 877-882
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
water pollution; nitrogen; runoff; agricultural land; air pollution; watersheds; pollution control; agriculture; forestry; emissions; Scandinavia; Russia; Baltic States; Germany; Poland; Baltic Sea
DOI:
10.1007/BF00476940

27. Application of first-order and Monte Carlo analysis in watershed water quality models

Author:
Bobba, A.G.; Singh, V.P.; Bengtsson, L.
Source:
Water resources management 1996 v.10 no.3 pp. 219-240
ISSN:
0920-4741
Subject:
water pollution; Monte Carlo method; simulation models; rivers; water quality; agricultural land; equations; computer analysis; watersheds; streams; nonpoint source pollution; runoff; dissolved oxygen
Abstract:
... To achieve effective environmental control, it is important to develop methodologies for dealing with uncertainties in model simulation of pollution behaviour and effects. Several procedures have been proposed to quantify uncertainties in modelling studies. This paper utilizes the two methods that are widely applied, i.e. functional analysis and Monte Carlo Simulation. The first-order part of the ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00424204

28. Estimating the Effects of Changing Land Use Patterns on Connecticut Lakes

Author:
Cathryn K. Field; Peter A. Siver; Anne-Marie Lott
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1996 v.25 no.2 pp. 325-333
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
aerial photography; agricultural land; forests; lakes; land cover; land use; models; principal component analysis; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; watersheds; Connecticut
Abstract:
... Changes in land use of 30 Connecticut lake watersheds between 1934, 1970, and 1990 were quantified using aerial photographs. Results were used with existing land use models to estimate changes in concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) over the 56-yr period. On average, the watersheds have increased in urban-residential land cover from 2% in 1934 to 16% in 1990, and decreas ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500020017x

29. Flow and nutrient export patterns for an agricultural hill-land watershed

Author:
Pionke, H.B.; Gburek, W.J.; Sharpley, A.N.; Schnabel, R.R.
Source:
Water resources research 1996 v.32 no.6 pp. 1795-1804
ISSN:
0043-1397
Subject:
agricultural land; watersheds; water; phosphorus; nitrates; nitrate nitrogen; stream flow; storms; water quality; sediments; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Nutrient patterns and export in streamflow were determined for a 7.4-km2 agricultural hill-land watershed located in Pennsylvania. P export, whether associated with sediment or water phase, was dominated by storm periods. About 70% of water phase P was exported during the 10% of time defined as storm flow. P export during storms becomes less controlled by water phase P as the P fraction being expo ...
Handle:
10113/19103

30. Gully treatment and water quality in the Southern Plains

Author:
Sharpley, A.; Smith, S.J.; Zollweg, J.A.; Coleman, G.A.
Source:
Journal of soil and water conservation 1996 v.51 no.6 pp. 498-503
ISSN:
0022-4561
Subject:
water pollution; sediments; simulation models; water quality; pollution control; Cynodon dactylon; agricultural land; nitrogen; ponds; bioavailability; watersheds; losses from soil; land restoration; cost benefit analysis; eutrophication; gully erosion; phosphorus; runoff; Oklahoma
Abstract:
... Erosion of agricultural land and transport of associated fertilizer chemicals nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in runoff, can be detrimental to both soil productivity and water quality. In the Southern Plains, gully erosion is of concern due to periodically intense rainfall and a large acreage of erodible soils. As little information is available, we studied the loss of sediment, N, and P in runoff ...
Handle:
10113/20714

31. Watershed-based management strategies for the prevention and abatement of polluted agricultural runoff

Author:
Frarey, L.C.; Jones, H.H.
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 1996 v.41 no.2 pp. 109-124
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
water pollution; environmental law; pollution control; livestock production; agricultural land; watershed management; watersheds; concentrated animal feeding operations; state government; environmental impact; runoff; livestock feeding; federal government; point source pollution; Texas; Arkansas
DOI:
10.1007/BF00394338
PubMed:
24193308

32. Demonstration of a toxicological risk ranking method to correlate measures of ambient toxicity and fish community diversity

Author:
Hartwell, S.I.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1997 v.16 no.2 pp. 361-371
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
agricultural land; bioassays; community health; fish communities; land use; models; risk; risk ranking; sediments; toxicity; watersheds; Chesapeake Bay
Abstract:
... The goal of this study was to assess a new toxicological risk ranking model, field validate it with results from a battery of sediment and water column bioassays, and identify correlations of model output with fish community and population metrics. The model has five components: severity of effect, degree of response, bioassay variability, consistency, and number of measured endpoints. The model c ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<0361:DOATRR>2.3.CO;2

33. Heat Budget and Statistical Analysis of the Relationship between Stream Temperature and Riparian Forest in the Toikanbetsu River Basin, Northern Japan

Author:
Sachiho Sugimoto; Futoshi Nakamura; Akiko Ito
Source:
Journal of forest research 1997 v.2 no.2 pp. 103-107
ISSN:
1610-7403
Subject:
Japan; agricultural land; canopy; equations; heat; land use; primary productivity; regression analysis; research; retrospective studies; riparian forests; rivers; summer; water temperature; watersheds
Abstract:
... Riparian forests greatly influence aquatic ecosystems by providing shade cover, which controls water temperature and limits primary production. We examined the relationship between forest cover and summer stream temperature in northernmost Japan. Heat budget and statistical analyses were employed and the results were compared. Heat budget analysis revealed that the water temperature would decrease ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF02348477

34. Nonpoint source discharges of nutrients from Piedmont watersheds of Chesapeake Bay

Author:
Jordan, T.E.; Correll, D.L.; Weller, D.E.
Source:
Journal of the American Water Resources Association 1997 v.33 no.3 pp. 631-645
ISSN:
1093-474X
Subject:
sediments; correlation; agricultural land; nitrogen; nutrients; watersheds; water; nonpoint source pollution; drainage; silicates; coastal plains; phosphorus; Pennsylvania; Maryland
Abstract:
... We measured annual discharges of water, sediments, and nutrients from 10 watersheds with differing proportions of agricultural lands in the Piedmont physiographic province of the Chesapeake Bay drainage. Flow-weighted mean concentrations of total N, nitrate, and dissolved silicate in watershed discharges were correlated with the proportion of cropland in the watershed. In contrast, concentrations ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1752-1688.1997.tb03538.x

35. Soil and land use effects on phosphorus in six streams draining small agricultural catchments in Scotland

Author:
Hooda, P.S.; Moynagh, M.; Svoboda, I.F.; Thurlow, M.; Stewart, M.; Thomson, M.; Anderson, H.A.
Source:
Soil use and management 1997 v.13 no.4 pp. 196-204
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
agricultural land; watersheds; phosphorus; losses from soil; land use; soil types; streams; eutrophication; Scotland
Abstract:
... Phosphorus concentrations and outputs have been compared and contrasted in six small agricultural catchments in the west and northeast of Scotland. The loss of P from soils to stream waters was more from catchments with intensive dairy cattle farming in the west than from the less intensively stocked/arable catchments in the northeast, with striking differences being seen between the two regions. ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00586.x

36. Changes in fertilizer and manurial practices during 1960-1990: implications for N and P inputs to the Ythan catchment, N.E. Scotland

Author:
Domburg, P.; Edwards, A.C.; Sinclair, A.H.; Wright, G.G.; Ferrier, R.C.
Source:
Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 1998 v.52 no.1 pp. 19-29
ISSN:
1385-1314
Subject:
water pollution; history; application rate; animal manures; nitrogen; agricultural land; algae; nitrate nitrogen; watersheds; swine; eutrophication; crop management; land use; grasslands; estuaries; poultry; phosphorus; Scotland; Northern Ireland
Abstract:
... A suggested increase in the growth of macrophytic algae within the Ythan estuary (N.E. Scotland) over recent years has been linked to the increased amounts of nitrogen in the form of NO3-N entering the estuary from the river. The increased NO3 concentration in the river has been associated with recent changes in farming practices in this predominantly agricultural catchment. Terrestrially derived ...

37. Effects of Agricultural Runoff Dispersion on Nitrate Reduction in Forested Filter Zone Soils

Author:
Louis V. Verchot; E. Carlyle Franklin; J. Wendell Gilliam
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1998 v.62 no.6 pp. 1719-1724
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
water pollution; pollution control; laboratory techniques; agricultural land; glucose; nitrate nitrogen; soil depth; watersheds; soil microorganisms; losses from soil; nonpoint source pollution; forest soils; soil profiles; population; denitrification; microbial activity; runoff; environmental exposure; nitrates; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Forested filter zones (FFZ) are being used more frequently for remediation of agricultural non-point source pollution. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of short-term dispersal (1–2 yr) of agricultural runoff on the denitrification potential of the soil microbial population and denitrification rates, to a depth of 1 m, in forest soils in two small watersheds (W1 and W2) in t ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1998.03615995006200060033x

38. Lake Champlain basin nonpoint source phosphorus assessment

Author:
Meals, D.W.; Budd, L.F.
Source:
Journal of the American Water Resources Association 1998 v.34 no.2 pp. 251-265
ISSN:
1093-474X
Subject:
phosphorus; water pollution; eutrophication; watersheds; watershed management; watershed hydrology; land use; lakes; forests; agricultural land; urban areas; geographic information systems; nonpoint source pollution; Vermont; New York; Quebec
Abstract:
... Existing land use data were used to estimate nonpoint source phosphorus loads to Lake Champlain (Vermont/New York/Quebec) in a loading function model that combined P concentration coefficients with regional hydrologic data. The estimates were verified against monitored loading data, then used to assess the relative magnitudes of contributions from major land uses and regions of the Lake Champlain ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb04132.x

39. Long-Term Soil Redistribution in a Small French Watershed as Estimated from Cesium-137 Data

Author:
Claude Bernard; Lionel Mabit; Stanislas Wicherek; Marc R. Laverdière
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1998 v.27 no.5 pp. 1178-1183
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
agricultural land; cesium; radionuclides; sediments; soil; water erosion; watersheds; France
Abstract:
... Changes initiated in the 1970s in the agricultural landscape of the north European plains have resulted in increased water erosion. The spatial redistribution of ¹³⁷Cs was used to assess the magnitude of long-term soil movements in a 180 ha watershed located in northern France. The ¹³⁷Cs base level was estimated at 2000 ± 200 Bq m⁻². The point data suggest annual soil movements ranging from a loss ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1998.00472425002700050024x

40. Nitrate-N distribution and trends in shallow groundwater on an eastern Coastal Plains Watershed

Author:
Stone, K.C.; Hunt, P.G.; Johnson, M.H.; Matheny, T.A.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 1998 v.41 no.1 pp. 59-64
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
groundwater contamination; agricultural land; nitrate nitrogen; watersheds; drinking water; land application; pig manure; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Nonpoint source pollution from agriculture has been a major concern, particularl y where intensive agricultural operations exist near environmentally sensitive w aters. To address these nonpoint source pollution concerns, a Water Quality Demo nstration Project (WQDP) was initiated on the Herrings Marsh Run (HMR) watershed in Duplin County, North Carolina. The WQDP was implemented to determine wate ...
Handle:
10113/18068

41. An economic evaluation of two watershed management practices in Taiwan

Author:
Wang, H.J.; Hu, S.C.; Kao, C.C.
Source:
Journal of the American Water Resources Association 1998 v.34 no.3 pp. 595-602
ISSN:
1093-474X
Subject:
agricultural land; watershed management; watersheds; forest management; cost benefit analysis; soil erosion; hydroelectric power; land use; sediment deposition; Taiwan
Abstract:
... The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the management practice effects on Ming-Hu and Ming-Tan reservoir watersheds during the past 15 years. It is difficult to economically evaluate a watershed project consisting of a number of multisectoral and long term management practices and regulations. However, the reservoirs' hydropower operations and their associated benefits and costs are highlig ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb00957.x

42. Estimating the effects of set-aside on water quality: scaling-up of lysimeter studies

Author:
Meissner, R.; Seeger, J.; Rupp, H.; Schonert, P.
Source:
Land degradation & development 1999 v.10 no.1 pp. 13-20
ISSN:
1085-3278
Subject:
water quality; land policy; agricultural land; crop rotation; seepage; fallow; lysimeters; watersheds; land use; Germany
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1099-145X(199901/02)10:1<13::AID-LDR308>3.0.CO;2-I

43. Percentage land use in the watershed determines the water and sediment quality of 22 marshes in the Great Lakes basin

Author:
Barb Crosbie; Patricia Chow-Fraser
Source:
Canadian journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences 1999 v.56 no.10 pp. 1781-1791
ISSN:
1205-7533
Subject:
Cyprinus carpio; agricultural land; agricultural runoff; aquatic plants; conservation buffers; ionic strength; land use; marshes; metolachlor; nitrate nitrogen; phosphorus; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; principal component analysis; sediments; species diversity; vegetation; water quality; watershed management; watersheds; Great Lakes; Ontario
Abstract:
... Data from 22 Ontario marshes were used to test the hypothesis that distribution of forested, agricultural, and urban land in the watershed determines the water and sediment quality of Great Lakes wetlands. The first three components of the principal components analysis explained 82% of the overall variation. PC1 ordinated wetlands along a trophic gradient; species richness of submergent vegetation ...
DOI:
10.1139/f99-109

44. Assessing nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency at farm and catchment scale using nutrient budgets

Author:
Domburg, P.; Edwards, A.C.; Sinclair, A.H.; Chalmers, N.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2000 v.80 no.13 pp. 1946-1952
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
nutrient content; farm inputs; watersheds; phosphorus; application rate; grasslands; farms; nutrient uptake; losses from soil; crop production; agricultural land; cattle; cattle production; nitrogen fertilizers; chickens; grain crops; nitrogen; sheep; phosphorus fertilizers; Scotland
Abstract:
... Farm nutrient budgets related to 1994 were calculated for seven farm types, accounting for approximately 90% of the agricultural land in the River Ythan catchment, NE Scotland. The magnitude of fluxes of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) at the catchment scale in relation to these farm types was also assessed. Positive budgets were calculated for all farm types, with the largest surpluses estimated ...
DOI:
10.1002/1097-0010(200010)80:13<1946::AID-JSFA736>3.0.CO;2-Q

45. Nutrient Concentrations and Discharges in a Midwestern Agricultural Catchment

Author:
M. M. Castillo; J. D. Allan; S. Brunzell
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2000 v.29 no.4 pp. 1142-1151
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
watersheds; agricultural land; nutrient content; seasonal variation; spatial variation; pollution load; Michigan
Abstract:
... The amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus in river water are significantly influenced by anthropogenic inputs associated with land cover, land use, and point sources. We quantified seasonal and spatial patterns in the concentrations of nitrate N and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) at 17 sites distributed among tributaries and along the mainstem of the River Raisin, Southeastern Michigan, and also d ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900040015x

46. Predicting the probability of detecting organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in stream systems on the basis of land use in the Pacific Northwest, USA

Author:
Black, R.W.; Haggland, A.L.; Voss, F.D.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2000 v.19 no.4 pp. 1044-1054
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
Cottus; agricultural land; basins; fish; land use; models; organochlorine pesticides; polychlorinated biphenyls; prediction; probability; regression analysis; sediments; stream channels; tissues; urban areas; watersheds; Oregon; Puget Sound; Washington (state)
Abstract:
... We analyzed streambed sediment and fish tissue (Cottus sp.) at 30 sites in the Puget Sound and Willamette basins in Washington and Oregon, USA, respectively, for organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The study was designed to determine the concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs in fish tissue and sediment by land use within these basins and to develop an emp ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(2000)019<1044:PTPODO>2.3.CO;2

47. Transport of dissolved inorganic nitrogen from the major rivers to estuaries in China

Author:
Shuiwang, D.; Shen, Z.; Hongyu, H.
Source:
Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 2000 v.57 no.1 pp. 13-22
ISSN:
1385-1314
Subject:
nitrogen; rivers; estuaries; water pollution; measurement; water flow; nitrates; quantitative analysis; runoff; fertilizers; watersheds; agricultural land; duration; China

48. The use of auxiliary geophysical data to improve a soil-landscape model

Author:
Vincent Chaplot; Christian Walter; Pierre Curmi; Alain Hollier-Larousse
Source:
Soil science 2000 v.165 no.12 pp. 961-970
ISSN:
0038-075X
Subject:
simulation models; digital elevation models; agricultural land; landscapes; watersheds; altitude; hydromorphic soils; prediction; France
Abstract:
... Soil-landscape models have prediction errors that can be reduced by using auxiliary soil data. However, standard soil surveys using auger hole and laboratory analysis encounter both methodological and economical constraints because of, for example, the short-range variability of soils and the expensive field work. In the present study, the objective was to test the use of auxiliary geophysical dat ...
DOI:
10.1097/00010694-200012000-00006

49. Determining nutrient export coefficients and source loading uncertainty using in-stream monitoring data

Author:
McFarland, A.M.S.; Hauck, L.M.
Source:
Journal of the American Water Resources Association 2001 v.37 no.1 pp. 223-236
ISSN:
1093-474X
Subject:
Monte Carlo method; water quality; uncertainty; nitrogen; agricultural land; watershed management; urban areas; uncertainty analysis; watersheds; nonpoint source pollution; nutrients; land use; phosphorus; Texas
Abstract:
... Over a three-year period, flow and nutrients were monitored at 13 sites in the upper North Bosque River watershed in Texas. Drainage areas above sampling sites differed in percent of dairy waste application fields, forage fields, wood/range, and urban land area. A multiple regression approach was used to develop total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) export coefficients for the major land u ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb05488.x

50. Evaluation of AnnAGNPS on Mississippi Delta MSEA watersheds

Author:
Yuan, Y.; Bingner, R.L.; Rebich, R.A.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2001 v.44 no.5 pp. 1183-1190
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
watersheds; crop production; crop management; cover crops; winter; pollution control; water pollution; erosion control; water erosion; sediment yield; simulation models; agricultural land; losses from soil; runoff; prediction; best management practices; nonpoint source pollution; Mississippi
Abstract:
... Sediment and its associated pollutants entering a water body can be very destructive to the health of that system. Best Management Practices (BMPs) can be used to reduce these pollutants, but understanding the most effective practices is very difficult. Watershed models are the most cost-effective tools to aid in the decision-making process of selecting the BMP that is most effective in reducing t ...
Handle:
10113/26652

51. Identifying critical sources of phosphorus export from agricultural watersheds

Author:
Weld, J.L.; Sharpley, A.N.; Beegle, D.B.; Gburek, W.J.
Source:
Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 2001 v.59 no.1 pp. 29-38
ISSN:
1385-1314
Subject:
water pollution; water quality; agricultural land; leaching; risk assessment; watersheds; soil fertility; eutrophication; phosphorus; land use; runoff; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Surface runoff accounts for much of the phosphorus (P) input to and accelerated eutrophication of the fresh waters. Several states have tried to establish general threshold soil P levels above which the enrichment of surface runoff P becomes unacceptable. However, little information is available on the relationship between soil and surface runoff P, particularly for the northeastern United States. ...
Handle:
10113/18735

52. Potential Mineralization of Four Herbicides in a Ground Water–Fed Wetland Area

Author:
Lise Larsen; Claus Jørgensen; Jens Aamand
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2001 v.30 no.1 pp. 24-30
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
aerobic conditions; agricultural land; anaerobic conditions; atrazine; bacteria; carbon dioxide; groundwater; isoproturon; mecoprop; methanogens; metsulfuron; mineralization; nitrates; oxygen; sediments; slurries; sulfates; watersheds; wetlands
Abstract:
... Herbicides may leach from agricultural fields into ground water feeding adjacent wetlands. However, only little is known of the fate of herbicides in wetland areas. The purpose of the study was to examine the potential of a riparian fen to mineralize herbicides that could leach from an adjacent catchment area. Slurries were prepared from sediment and ground water collected from different parts of ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2001.30124x

53. Seasonal occurrence and export of five herbicides from a North Carolina Coastal Plain watershed

Author:
Novak, J.M.; Watts, D.W.; Stone, K.C.; Johnson, M.H.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2001 v.44 no.5 pp. 1201-1206
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
water pollution; atrazine; cyanazine; agricultural land; herbicide residues; watersheds; losses from soil; streams; seasonal variation; metolachlor; alachlor; ametryn; coastal plains; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Herbicide detection in surface water sources has caused concern about contamination of these sources and adverse effects on human and aquatic health. Understanding surface water herbicide transport from agriculturally intensive watersheds is useful for development of herbicide best management practices to reduce off-site movement. The seasonal occurrence and load of five herbicides exported by a s ...
Handle:
10113/18427

54. Estimation of soil losses within plots as affected by different agricultural land management

Author:
Source:
Hydrological sciences journal 2002 v.47 no.6 pp. 957-967
ISSN:
0262-6667
Subject:
Water Erosion Prediction Project; agricultural land; conservation tillage; conventional tillage; corn; hoeing; intercropping; land management; plows; pollution load; rain; sediment yield; sedimentation rate; sediments; semiarid zones; soil; soybeans; water erosion; watersheds; Kenya
Abstract:
... Proper agricultural land management strategies improve soil structural properties, thereby reducing soil loss by water erosion. This study was conducted to estimate soil losses from plots of different agricultural land management using the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) (95.7) model. The study took place in a semiarid region in Kenya. The mean annual rainfall was 694 mm. The WEPP (95.7) m ...
DOI:
10.1080/02626660209493003

55. Evaluating impact of land use and N budgets on stream water quality in Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Woli, Krishna Prasad; Nagumo, Toshiyuki; Hatano, Ryusuke
Source:
Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 2002 v.63 no.2-3 pp. 175-184
ISSN:
1385-1314
Subject:
agricultural land; case studies; dairy cattle; land use; linear models; nitrate nitrogen; nonpoint source pollution; point source pollution; poultry; racehorses; regression analysis; towns; water quality; watersheds; Japan
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of land use system and N loadings to the environment estimated from N budgets on quality of stream water in Hokkaido, Japan. A case study was carried out in three towns of southern Hokkaido, which are Shiraoi, Yakumo, and Shizunai, characterized by intensive poultry farming (IPF), dairy cattle farming (DCF), and race horse farming (RHF), respectively ...
DOI:
10.1023/A:1021146707412

56. Farmland degradation in the mountains of Nepal: a study of watersheds ‘with’ and ‘without’ external intervention

Author:
Thapa, G.B.; Paudel, G.S.
Source:
Land degradation & development 2002 v.13 no.6 pp. 479-493
ISSN:
1085-3278
Subject:
agricultural land; crop yield; funding; hills; land degradation; mountains; soil erosion; soil nutrient balance; soil nutrients; terraces; watersheds; Nepal
Abstract:
... Amidst growing concerns about farmlands conservation, this paper examines the status of farmlands in two mountain watersheds ‘with’ and ‘without’ external intervention, located in the western hills of Nepal. Information was obtained from a household survey and group discussions conducted during April to September 1999. The severity of soil erosion from farmers' perspectives, density of landslides, ...
DOI:
10.1002/ldr.536

57. First Place Student Essay: The Importance of Natural and Constructed Wetlands in Agriculture and the Environment

Author:
Leonard, Jason
Source:
Journal of natural resources and life sciences education 2002 v.31 pp. 63-65
ISSN:
1059-9053
Subject:
agricultural land; constructed wetlands; rivers; stream channels; watersheds; Illinois
Abstract:
... The Kankakee River Basin once contained the largest wetland in the Midwest. I am from Bourbonnais, Illinois, which is on the Kankakee River, and I have read many historical accounts given in our local newspaper of what the river valley was like in the early nineteenth century. I can assure you that these descriptions make no mention of the shallow riverbed and numerous sandbars that are the charac ...

58. The Lake Erie Agricultural Systems for Environmental Quality Project

Author:
R. Peter Richards; Frank G. Calhoun; Gerald Matisoff
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2002 v.31 no.1 pp. 6-16
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
Paleozoic era; agricultural history; agricultural land; agricultural runoff; aquatic ecosystems; basins; bedrock; conservation tillage; farming systems; geography; lacustrine soils; land use; limestone; soil quality; tile drainage; water quality; watersheds; Lake Erie
Abstract:
... In the last part of the twentieth century, recognition became widespread of the important effect of agricultural runoff on the health of aquatic ecosystems in the Lake Erie basin and elsewhere. Because of the efforts to remediate Lake Erie, the “dead lake” among the Laurentian Great Lakes, a number of research and demonstration projects were undertaken in the Lake Erie basin to evaluate and foster ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2002.6000

59. Modeling phosphorus transport in agricultural watersheds: processes and possibilities

Author:
Sharpley, A.N.; Kleinman, P.J.A.; McDowell, R.W.; Gitau, M.; Bryant, R.B.
Source:
Journal of soil and water conservation 2002 v.57 no.6 pp. 425-439
ISSN:
0022-4561
Subject:
water pollution; overland flow; simulation models; animal manures; agricultural land; phosphorus fertilizers; watersheds; losses from soil; soil fertility; phosphorus; water erosion; subsurface flow
Abstract:
... Skip to main page content HOME CURRENT ISSUE ARCHIVE FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ALERTS HELP Keywords Search Advanced »User Name Password Sign In Modeling phosphorus transport in agricultural watersheds: Processes and possibilities A. N. Sharpley, P. J. A. Kleinman, R. W. McDowell, M. Gitau, and R. B. Bryant ABSTRACT: Modeling phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural watersheds is key to quantifying the l ...
Handle:
10113/23631

60. Parameterisation of hydrological models: a review and lessons learned from studies of an agricultural catchment (Naizin, France)

Author:
Durand, P.; Gascuel-Odoux, C.; Cordier, M.O.
Source:
Agronomy for sustainable development 2002 v.22 no.2 pp. 217-228
ISSN:
0249-5627
Subject:
estimation; simulation models; Monte Carlo method; agricultural land; Bayesian theory; watersheds; water flow; watershed hydrology; soil water; hydraulic conductivity; France
DOI:
10.1051/agro:2002001

61. Patterns and Implications of Land Use/Cover Change:A Case Study in Pranmati Watershed (Garhwal Himalaya, India)

Author:
K. K. Sen; R. L. Semwal; U. Rana; S. Nautiyal; R. K. Maikhuri; K. S. Rao; K. G. Saxena
Source:
Mountain research and development 2002 v.22 no.1 pp. 56-62
ISSN:
0276-4741
Subject:
Fagopyrum esculentum; Panicum miliaceum; Setaria italica; agricultural land; case studies; economic development; economic valuation; forage; forest management; issues and policy; people; population pressure; potatoes; remote sensing; research and development; soil fertility; watersheds; Himalayan region; India
Abstract:
... Land use/cover changes during the period 1963–1993 and their ecological and socioeconomic implications in Pranmati Watershed in the Indian Himalaya were analyzed on the basis of information extracted from archival records, satellite data, participatory discussions, and field measurement. Agricultural land use was practiced on 14.2% of the watershed area in 1963 compared with 18.5% in 1993. More th ...
DOI:
10.1659/0276-4741(2002)022%5B0056:PAIOLU%5D2.0.CO;2

62. Phosphorus Transport in Overland Flow in Response to Position of Manure Application

Author:
Richard McDowell; Andrew Sharpley
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2002 v.31 no.1 pp. 217-227
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
agricultural land; agricultural soils; watersheds; silt loam soils; soil nutrients; phosphorus; soil transport processes; overland flow; animal manures; fertilizer application; soybeans; Glycine max; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Phosphorus (P) loss in overland flow varies with spatial distribution of soil P, management, and hydrological pathways. The effect of flow time, flowpath length, and manure position on P loss in overland flow from two central Pennsylvania soils packed in boxes of varying length (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.75, and 4.0 m long × 15 cm wide × 5 cm deep) were examined by collecting flow samples at 5-min interval ...
Handle:
10113/18613
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2002.2170
PubMed:
11837425

63. Potential influence of sugarcane cultivation on estuarine water quality of Louisiana's Gulf Coast

Author:
Southwick, L.M.; Grigg, B.C.; Kornecki, T.S.; Fouss, J.L.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2002 v.50 no.15 pp. 4393-4399
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
atrazine; herbicide residues; runoff; agricultural land; crop production; Saccharum officinarum; water pollution; estuaries; water quality; watersheds; surface water; nitrates; phosphorus; metolachlor; subsurface drainage; dissolved oxygen; Louisiana
Abstract:
... Sugarcane is cultivated on some 170000 ha of land in south central and southwestern Louisiana. This acreage drains into bayous and rivers that empty into Louisiana's coastal bays and estuaries. For a number of years the state's Department of Agriculture and Forestry and Department of Environmental Quality have collected water quality data from this sugarcane area. Study of these data shows that ap ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf010051v
PubMed:
12105976

64. Prevalence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium and characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. isolated from wildlife, human, and agricultural sources in the North Saskatchewan River Basin in Alberta, Canada

Author:
Heitman, T.L.; Frederick, L.M.; Viste, J.R.; Guselle, N.J.; Morgan, U.M.; Thompson, R.C.A.; Olson, M.E.
Source:
Canadian journal of microbiology 2002 v.48 no.6 pp. 530-541
ISSN:
0008-4166
Subject:
water pollution; Cryptosporidium parvum; oocysts; agricultural land; ribosomal DNA; polymerase chain reaction; cattle manure; feces; watersheds; sewage effluent; Giardia; wildlife; pig manure; Alberta
DOI:
10.1139/w02-047
PubMed:
12166680

65. Soil Erosion and Sediment Sources in an Ohio Watershed using Beryllium-7, Cesium-137, and Lead-210

Author:
Gerald Matisoff; Everett C. Bonniwell; Peter J. Whiting
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2002 v.31 no.1 pp. 54-61
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
agricultural land; cesium radioisotopes; farming systems; lead; mixing; no-tillage; plowing; pollution load; sediment yield; sediments; soil; soil erosion; storms; suspended sediment; watersheds; Ohio
Abstract:
... Soil cores and suspended sediments were collected within the Old Woman Creek, Ohio (OWC) watershed following a thunderstorm and analyzed for ⁷Be, ¹³⁷Cs, and ²¹⁰Pb activities to compare the effects of till vs. no-till management on soil erosion and sediment yield. The upper reaches of the watershed draining tilled agricultural fields were disproportionately responsible for the majority of the suspe ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2002.5400

66. Transport and retention of phosphorus pollutants in the landscape with a traditional, multipond system

Author:
Shan, B.; Yin, C.; Li, G.
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2002 v.139 no.1/4 pp. 15-34
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
water pollution; pollution control; surface water; agricultural land; ponds; watersheds; losses from soil; water flow; constructed wetlands; phosphorus; runoff; China

67. A pesticide surface water mobility index and its relationship with concentrations in agricultural drainage watersheds

Author:
Chen, W.; Hertl, P.; Chen, S.; Tierney, D.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2002 v.21 no.2 pp. 298-308
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
water pollution; lakes; rivers; surface water; insecticide residues; herbicide residues; watersheds; water erosion; agricultural land; runoff; regression analysis; Midwestern United States; Lake Erie
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(2002)021<0298:APSWMI>2.0.CO;2
PubMed:
11833798

68. Prediction of soil erosion in a Lake Victoria basin catchment using a GIS-based Universal Soil Loss model

Author:
Lufafa, A.; Tenya, M.M.; Isabirye, M.; Majaliwa, M.J.G.; Woomer, P.L.
Source:
Agricultural systems 2003 v.76 no.3 pp. 883-894
ISSN:
0308-521X
Subject:
Cyperus; Universal Soil Loss Equation; agricultural land; bananas; forests; labor; prediction; soil; soil classification; soil erosion; swamps; valleys; watersheds; Lake Victoria
Abstract:
... Soil erosion patterns in watersheds are patchy, heterogeneous and therefore difficult to assess. The problem can be overcome by using predictive models. However, wide spread soil erosion model-factor parameterization and quantification is difficult due to the costs, labor and time involved. The objective of this study was to evaluate different methods of USLE input parameter derivation and to pred ...
DOI:
10.1016/S0308-521X(02)00012-4

69. Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in surface waters of southern Alberta and its relation to manure sources

Author:
Johnson, J.Y.M.; Thomas, J.E.; Graham, T.A.; Townshend, I.; Byrne, J.; Selinger, L.B.; Gannon, V.P.J.
Source:
Canadian journal of microbiology 2003 v.49 no.5 pp. 326-335
ISSN:
0008-4166
Subject:
water pollution; Salmonella; livestock production; agricultural land; microbial contamination; cattle manure; poultry manure; watersheds; Escherichia coli O157; surface water; runoff; pig manure; Alberta
DOI:
10.1139/w03-046
PubMed:
12897826

70. A Quantitative Assessment of a Combined Spectral and GIS Rule-Based Land-Cover Classification in the Neuse River Basin of North Carolina

Author:
Ross S. Lunetta; Jayantha Ediriwickrema; John Iiames; David M. Johnson; John G. Lyon; Alexa McKerrow; Andrew Pilant
Source:
Photogrammetric engineering and remote sensing 2003 v.69 no.3 pp. 299-310
ISSN:
0099-1112
Subject:
Landsat; agricultural land; analytical methods; cameras; databases; geographic information systems; land cover; landscapes; models; nitrogen; riparian buffers; watersheds; North Carolina
Abstract:
...

The 14,582 km2 Neuse River Basin in North Carolina was characterized based on a user-defined land-cover (LC) classification system developed specifically to support spatially explicit, non-point source nitrogen allocation modeling studies. Data processing incorporated both spectral and GIS rule-based analytical techniques using multiple date SPOT 4 (XS), Landsat 7 (ETM+ ...

DOI:
10.14358/PERS.69.3.299

71. Revegetation of prairie pothole wetlands in the mid-continental US: twelve years post-reflooding

Author:
Mulhouse, J.M.; Galatowitsch, S.M.
Source:
Plant ecology 2003 v.169 no.1 pp. 143-159
ISSN:
1385-0237
Subject:
marshes; agricultural land; floods; ecological succession; watersheds; land restoration; species diversity; invasive species; colonizing ability; prairies; wetland plants; Iowa; Minnesota; South Dakota

72. Export of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in a partially cultivated subtropical mountainous watershed in Taiwan

Author:
Kao, S.J.; Shiah, F.K.; Owen, J.S.
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2004 v.156 no.1-4 pp. 211-228
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
subtropics; mountains; watersheds; streams; rivers; water pollution; runoff; agricultural land; nitrogen; nitrates; nitrogen dioxide; ammonium compounds; spatial variation; temporal variation; equations; mathematical models; Taiwan

73. Identifying ecological change and its causes: a case study on coral reefs

Author:
Katharina E. Fabricius; Glenn De'ath
Source:
Ecological applications 2004 v.14 no.5 pp. 1448-1465
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
agricultural land; agricultural runoff; benthic organisms; biodiversity; case studies; community structure; coral reefs; corals; decision making; ecosystems; environmental surveys; macroalgae; nutrients; pesticides; pollution; rivers; sediments; statistical analysis; water quality; watersheds; Great Barrier Reef
Abstract:
... The successful management of ecosystems depends on early detection of change and identification of factors causing such change. Determination of change and causality in ecosystems is difficult, both philosophically and practically, and these difficulties increase with the scale and complexity of ecosystems. Management also depends on the communication of scientific results to the broader public, a ...
DOI:
10.1890/03-5320

74. Re-Establishing a Sustainable Wetland at Former Lake Karla, Greece, Using Ramsar Restoration Guidelines

Author:
George C. Zalidis; Vasilios Takavakoglou; Athanasios Panoras; George Bilas; Sotiria Katsavouni
Source:
Environmental management 2004 v.34 no.6 pp. 875-886
ISSN:
0364-152X
Subject:
agricultural land; ecosystems; guidelines; lakes; watersheds; wetlands; Greece
Abstract:
... Lake Karla, Greece, was almost completely drained in 1962 both to protect surrounding farmlands from flooding and to increase agricultural area. Loss of wetland functions and values resulted in environmental, social, and economic problems. A number of restoration plans were proposed to address these problems. The plan approved by the government in the early 1990s proposed construction of a 4200-ha ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00267-004-0022-0

75. Relation of Environmental Characteristics to Fish Assemblages in the Upper French Broad River Basin, North Carolina

Author:
Brenda Rashleigh
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2004 v.93 no.1-3 pp. 139-156
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
agricultural land; basins; correspondence analysis; erodibility; fish; herbivores; indigenous species; insectivores; introduced species; land cover; linear models; managers; metals; nitrates; nitrites; omnivores; piscivores; population density; principal component analysis; sediments; watersheds; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Fish assemblages at 16 sites in the upper French Broad River basin, North Carolina were related to environmental characteristics using detrended correspondence analysis, principal components analysis, and linear regression. The primary gradient affecting sites in this basin was related to agricultural influence, characterized by high levels of agricultural land cover, nitrate plus nitrite, sulfate ...
DOI:
10.1023/B:EMAS.0000016806.69647.3e

76. Soil organic carbon fractions under different land uses in Mardi Watershed of Nepal

Author:
Yang, Z.H.; Singh, B.R.; Sitaula, B.K.
Source:
Communications in soil science and plant analysis 2004 v.35 no.5-6 pp. 615-629
ISSN:
0010-3624
Subject:
agricultural soils; soil organic carbon; soil surface layers; watersheds; forest soils; grasslands; humification; forests; soil chemical properties; hydrogen peroxide; humic acids; alkali treatment; grasses; agricultural land; soil sampling; acid treatment; grassland soils; humin; fulvic acids; Nepal
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to investigate the organic carbon (C) content and its chemical fractions in soils under forest, grassland, and agricultural uses in the Mardi Watershed of Nepal. Surface soil samples from 0 to 15 cm were collected. Classical extracting procedure with alkali and acid solution was used to separate humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA), and humin fractions. Hydrogen peroxide was ...
DOI:
10.1081/CSS-120030347

77. Can Constructed Wetlands Reduce the Diffuse Phosphorus Loads to Eutrophic Water in Cold Temperate Regions?

Author:
B. C. Braskerud; K. S. Tonderski; B. Wedding; R. Bakke; A.-G. B. Blankenberg; B. Ulén; J. Koskiaho
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2005 v.34 no.6 pp. 2145-2155
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
agricultural land; best management practices; constructed wetlands; eutrophication; pollution load; reactive phosphorus; statistical analysis; streams; surface area; temperate zones; total phosphorus; watersheds
Abstract:
... Construction of wetlands is a possible supplement to best management practices (BMP) at the field level to mitigate phosphorus (P) pollution from agricultural areas. In this paper, annual results from 17 intensively studied wetlands in the cold temperate or boreal climatic zone are reported and analyzed. Surface areas varied from 0.007 to 8.7% of the catchment area. The average total phosphorus (T ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2004.0466

78. Changes in diffuse phosphorus and nitrogen inputs into surface waters in the Rhine watershed in Switzerland

Author:
Volker Prasuhn; Ulrich Sieber
Source:
Aquatic sciences 2005 v.67 no.3 pp. 363-371
ISSN:
1015-1621
Subject:
agricultural land; lakes; marine environment; monitoring; nitrogen; phosphorus; simulation models; stormwater; surface water; wastewater treatment; watersheds; Switzerland
Abstract:
... Using the regional scale, nutrient-flow simulation model MODIFFUS, an estimate of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) inputs from diffuse sources into surface waters over the Swiss part of the Rhine watershed downstream of large lakes was performed for the years 1985, 1996 and 2001. The data are required for purposes of national monitoring and for reporting to international panels such as the Internat ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00027-005-0774-5

79. Effects of Sediment Deposition on Fine Root Dynamics in Riparian Forests

Author:
Guadalupe G. Cavalcanti; B. Graeme Lockaby
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2005 v.69 no.3 pp. 729-737
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
agricultural land; biomass; ecosystems; ephemeral streams; filtration; fine roots; lowland forests; nutrient content; riparian areas; riparian forests; risk; roads; sediment deposition; sediments; temporal variation; water quality; watersheds
Abstract:
... One of the most important functions of riparian zones is their ability to improve water quality by trapping sediment leaving agricultural fields and other disturbed areas. However, few data exist quantifying the impacts of sediment deposition from anthropogenic disturbance on belowground processes within these ecosystems. This study was conducted at Ft. Benning, GA, where disturbance caused by mil ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2004.0239

80. Effects of Vegetation Clumping on Two–Source Model Estimates of Surface Energy Fluxes from an Agricultural Landscape during SMACEX

Author:
Martha C. Anderson; J. M. Norman; William P. Kustas; Fuqin Li; John H. Prueger; John R. Mecikalski
Source:
Journal of Hydrometeorology 2005 v.6 no.6 pp. 892-909
ISSN:
1525-755X
Subject:
Glycine max; Landsat; Zea mays; agricultural land; aircraft; canopy; corn; eddy covariance; energy transfer; heat; leaf area; leaves; models; prediction; remote sensing; soybeans; surface temperature; vegetation; watersheds; Iowa
Abstract:
... The effects of nonrandom leaf area distributions on surface flux predictions from a two-source thermal remote sensing model are investigated. The modeling framework is applied at local and regional scales over the Soil Moisture–Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (SMACEX) study area in central Iowa, an agricultural landscape that exhibits foliage organization at a variety of levels. Row-scale clumping ...
Handle:
10113/59921
DOI:
10.1175/JHM465.1

81. Heavy metals in sediments and runoff waters in soils of the Matanza River Basin, Argentina

Author:
Siervi, M. de; Iorio, A.F. de; Chagas, C.I.
Source:
Communications in soil science and plant analysis 2005 v.36 no.17-18 pp. 2303-2314
ISSN:
0010-3624
Subject:
water pollution; sediment contamination; heavy metals; watersheds; agricultural land; agricultural runoff; rainfall simulation; vermicomposts; phosphorus fertilizers; fertilizer application; soil amendments; Argentina
Abstract:
... Soil profiles near watercourses that drain rural areas with agricultural lands and pastures, as well as recreational zones and densely populated industrial centers, are directly influenced by human activities. Therefore, these soils condition the contamination dynamics of the aforementioned watercourses in a remarkable way. The present study deals with soils belonging to a first order subbasin. Pe ...
DOI:
10.1080/00103620500250742

82. Phosphorus Losses from Agricultural Areas in River Basins

Author:
B. Kronvang; M. Bechmann; H. Lundekvam; H. Behrendt; G. H. Rubæk; O. F. Schoumans; N. Syversen; H. E. Andersen; C. C. Hoffmann
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2005 v.34 no.6 pp. 2129-2144
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
adverse effects; agricultural land; estuaries; iron; lakes; phosphorus; riparian areas; risk; rivers; runoff; soil; streams; surface water; tile drainage; tillage; uncertainty; watersheds; Denmark; Netherlands; Norway
Abstract:
... In this paper we show the quantitative and relative importance of phosphorus (P) losses from agricultural areas within European river basins and demonstrate the importance of P pathways, linking agricultural source areas to surface water at different scales. Agricultural P losses are increasingly important for the P concentration in most European rivers, lakes, and estuaries, even though the quant ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2004.0439

83. Relationships of land use and stream solute concentrations in the Ipswich River basin, northeastern Massachusetts

Author:
Williams, M.; Hopkinson, C.; Rastetter, E.; Vallino, J.; Claessens, L.
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2005 v.161 no.1-4 pp. 55-74
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
water pollution; land use; urbanization; urban areas; agricultural land; anthropogenic activities; streams; watersheds; solutes; dissolved organic carbon; Massachusetts
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-005-2830-0

84. Spatial targeting of conservation tillage to improve water quality and carbon retention benefits

Author:
Yang, W.; Sheng, C.; Voroney, P.
Source:
Canadian journal of agricultural economics 2005 v.53 no.4 pp. 477-500
ISSN:
0008-3976
Subject:
farm management; conservation tillage; simulation models; geographic information systems; spatial data; spatial variation; hydrologic models; water quality; carbon sequestration; agricultural land; watersheds; land retirement; riparian buffers; soil erosion; cost benefit analysis; soil fertility; soil organic matter; environmental protection; government payments; Ontario
DOI:
10.1111/j.1744-7976.2005.00031.x

85. Urbanization and the Loss of Resource Lands in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

Author:
Patrick Jantz; Scott Goetz; Claire Jantz
Source:
Environmental management 2005 v.36 no.6 pp. 808-825
ISSN:
0364-152X
Subject:
Landsat; agricultural land; forests; grasslands; land cover; land use change; monitoring; surface area; surfaces; urban areas; urbanization; watersheds; wetlands; Chesapeake Bay
Abstract:
... We made use of land cover maps, and land use change associated with urbanization, to provide estimates of the loss of natural resource lands (forest, agriculture, and wetland areas) across the 168,000 km² Chesapeake Bay watershed. We conducted extensive accuracy assessments of the satellite-derived maps, most of which were produced by us using widely available multitemporal Landsat imagery. The ch ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00267-004-0315-3

86. Addressing Total Phosphorus Impairments With Water Quality Trading

Author:
Obropta, C.C.; Rusciano, G.M.
Source:
Journal of the American Water Resources Association 2006 v.42 no.5 pp. 1297-1306
ISSN:
1093-474X
Subject:
water pollution; water quality; agricultural land; land use; urban areas; watersheds; total maximum daily load; nonpoint source pollution; soil erosion; erodibility; point source pollution; phosphorus; environmental markets; New Jersey
Abstract:
... Water quality trading is a voluntary economic process that provides an opportunity for dischargers to reduce the costs associated with meeting a discharge limitation. Trading can provide a cost effective solution for point sources (i.e., wastewater treatment plants) to meet strict effluent limitations set in response to total maximum daily loads (TMDLs). A successful trading program often depends ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb05614.x

87. Assessing Impacts of Typhoons and the Chi-Chi Earthquake on Chenyulan Watershed Landscape Pattern in Central Taiwan Using Landscape Metrics

Author:
Yu-pin Lin; Tsun-kuo Chang; Chen-fa Wu; Te-chih Chiang; Shin-hwei Lin
Source:
Environmental management 2006 v.38 no.1 pp. 108-125
ISSN:
0364-152X
Subject:
agricultural land; autocorrelation; earthquakes; forests; grasslands; landscapes; landslides; multivariate analysis; rain; space and time; spatial data; typhoons; watersheds; Taiwan
Abstract:
... The Chi-Chi earthquake (ML = 7.3) occurred in the central part of Taiwan on September 21, 1999. After the earthquake, typhoons Xangsane and Toraji produced heavy rainfall that fell across the eastern and central parts of Taiwan on November 2000 and July 2001. This study uses remote sensing data, landscape metrics, multivariate statistical analysis, and spatial autocorrelation to assess how earthqu ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00267-005-0077-6

88. Climatic and geographic patterns of river runoff formation in Northern Eurasia

Author:
Onuchin, A.; Balzter, H.; Borisova, H.; Blyth, E.
Source:
Advances in water resources 2006 v.29 no.9 pp. 1314-1327
ISSN:
0309-1708
Subject:
rivers; permafrost; agricultural land; geographical variation; watersheds; watershed hydrology; runoff; land use; climatic factors; thawing; Central European region; Siberia; Western European region
DOI:
10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.10.006

89. Dynamics of Typical Agricultural Landscape and its Relationship With Water Resource in Inland Shiyang River Watershed, Gansu Province, Northwest China

Author:
Li Xiao-Yu; Xiao Du-Ning; He Xing-Yuan; Chen Wei; Song Dong-Mei
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2006 v.123 no.1-3 pp. 199-217
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
agricultural land; cropping systems; grain crops; groundwater; land use change; oases; rivers; runoff; water quantity; water table; watersheds; China
Abstract:
... Shiyang River basin is located in Hexi Corridor, central-west Gansu province, northwest China. It is an area of typical arid to semiarid features. Based on the TM image of Liangzhou oasis and Minqin oasis in 1986 and 2000, this paper calculated and analyzed the changes of percentage and area of land use/cover types, and also have got the transformation matrix of the landscape mosaics. Dynamics of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-006-9191-z

90. Effect of land use on soil nutrients in the loess hilly area of the Loess Plateau, China

Author:
Gong, J.; Chen, L.; Fu, B.; Huang, Y.; Huang, Z.; Peng, H.
Source:
Land degradation & development 2006 v.17 no.5 pp. 453-465
ISSN:
1085-3278
Subject:
land use change; shrublands; soil nutrients; nitrogen; soil organic matter; agricultural land; soil quality; loess soils; nitrate nitrogen; watersheds; abandoned land; land restoration; wastelands; grasslands; China
DOI:
10.1002/ldr.701

91. Effects of Watershed-Scale Land Use Change on Stream Nitrate Concentrations

Author:
Keith E. Schilling; Jean Spooner
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2006 v.35 no.6 pp. 2132-2145
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
land use change; watersheds; streams; savannas; rowcrops; grasslands; grasses; cropland; conservation areas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Conservation Reserve Program; water pollution; water quality; monitoring; agricultural land; prairies; nonpoint source pollution; duration; ecological restoration; surface water; nitrates; agricultural watersheds; Iowa
Abstract:
... The Walnut Creek Watershed Monitoring Project was conducted from 1995 through 2005 to evaluate the response of stream nitrate concentrations to changing land use patterns in paired 5000-ha Iowa watersheds. A large portion of the Walnut Creek watershed is being converted from row crop agriculture to native prairie and savanna by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service at the Neal Smith National Wildlife ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2006.0157
PubMed:
17071882

92. Establishing fine-grained sediment budgets for the Pang and Lambourn LOCAR catchments, UK

Author:
Walling, D.E.; Collins, A.L.; Jones, P.A.; Leeks, G.J.L.; Old, G.
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2006 v.330 no.1-2 pp. 126-141
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
streams; watersheds; water erosion; sediment yield; agricultural land; agricultural soils; grassland soils; arable soils; England
Abstract:
... An integrated approach to data collection, combining the use of ¹³⁷Cs measurements, sediment source fingerprinting, bed sediment surveys and conventional river monitoring, has been successfully employed to establish the fine-grained sediment budgets of two lowland groundwater-fed catchments in the UK. Gross surface erosion is higher on cultivated land (Pang: 55 263 t yr⁻¹ or 507 t km⁻² yr⁻¹; Lambo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.04.015

93. Estimating variable acreage of cultivated paddy fields from preceding precipitation in a tropical watershed utilizing Landsat TM/ETM

Author:
Yoshikawa, N.; Shiozawa, S.
Source:
Agricultural water management 2006 v.85 no.3 pp. 296-304
ISSN:
0378-3774
Subject:
tropics; watersheds; rice; agricultural land; Landsat; remote sensing; image analysis; rain; vegetation cover; Indonesia
DOI:
10.1016/j.agwat.2006.02.013

94. Habitat Loss Through Disruption Of Constrained Dispersal Networks

Author:
Hans S. Eikaas; Angus R. McIntosh
Source:
Ecological applications 2006 v.16 no.3 pp. 987-998
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
Galaxias brevipinnis; Galaxias fasciatus; agricultural land; coasts; deforestation; diadromous fish; freshwater; geographic information systems; habitat destruction; habitats; land use change; migratory behavior; models; regression analysis; rivers; streams; watersheds; New Zealand
Abstract:
... Large losses of habitat could be caused by land use change that disrupts the dispersal networks used by migratory species. We assessed the relative losses of habitat for diadromous fish (i.e., those migrating between sea and freshwater) due to physical barriers, degradation of migratory passage associated with catchment land use, and site‐scale land use characteristics on the West Coast, South Isl ...
DOI:
10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[0987:HLTDOC]2.0.CO;2

95. Isotopic Evidence of Nitrate Sources and Denitrification in the Mississippi River, Illinois

Author:
Samuel V. Panno; Keith C. Hackley; Walton R. Kelly; Hue-Hwa Hwang
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2006 v.35 no.2 pp. 495-504
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
agricultural land; denitrification; mineral fertilizers; nitrates; nitrogen; rivers; soil organic nitrogen; stable isotopes; subsurface drainage; uncertainty; watersheds; Gulf of Mexico; Illinois; Mississippi River
Abstract:
... Anthropogenic nitrate (NO₃ ⁻) within the Mississippi–Atchafalaya River basin and discharge to the Gulf of Mexico has been linked to serious environmental problems. The sources of this NO₃ ⁻ have been estimated by others using mass balance methods; however, there is considerable uncertainty in these estimates. Part of the uncertainty is the degree of denitrification that the NO₃ ⁻ has undergone. Th ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2005.0012

96. Nitrogen budget for the Oldman River Basin, southern Alberta, Canada

Author:
Rock, Luc; Mayer, Bernhard
Source:
Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 2006 v.75 no.1-3 pp. 147-162
ISSN:
1385-1314
Subject:
atmospheric deposition; simulation models; rivers; nitrogen fixation; water quality; animal manures; agricultural land; nitrogen; sewage sludge; semiarid zones; watersheds; nutrient balance; forest soils; spatial variation; soil fertility; anthropogenic activities; nitrogen fertilizers; forests; Alberta
Abstract:
... The Oldman River Basin (OMRB), located in southern Alberta (Canada), with an area of 28,200 km², is mainly forested in its western part and is used for intensive agriculture in its eastern part. The objective of this paper is to estimate the nitrogen (N) budget for the Oldman River Basin as a whole and its sub-basins, and to discuss differences in the N budget between various sub-basins. Better kn ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10705-006-9018-x

97. Rainfall-runoff events in a middle mountain catchment of Nepal

Author:
Merz, J.; Dangol, P.M.; Dhakal, M.P.; Dongol, B.S.; Nakarmi, G.; Weingartner, R.
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2006 v.331 no.3-4 pp. 446-458
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
agricultural land; monsoon season; mountains; agricultural runoff; watersheds; rain; watershed hydrology; rain intensity; land use; Nepal
Abstract:
... The generation of runoff and the associated processes are important for the understanding of flood generation and sediment mobilisation. However, only few studies of this kind were conducted in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan region. This paper presents detailed rainfall event analyses in the Jhikhu Khola catchment in the middle mountains of Nepal's Himalayas followed by analysis of runoff events in eros ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.05.030

98. Relationship between Riparian Vegetation and Stream Benthic Communities at Three Spatial Scales

Author:
Sandra L. Rios; Robert C. Bailey
Source:
Hydrobiologia 2006 v.553 no.1 pp. 153-160
ISSN:
0018-8158
Subject:
Ephemeroptera; Plecoptera; Trichoptera; agricultural land; benthic organisms; community structure; drainage; ecosystems; forests; land cover; landscapes; macroinvertebrates; riparian areas; rivers; streams; trees; watersheds; Ontario
Abstract:
... We examined the influence of riparian vegetation on macroinvertebrate community structure in streams of the Upper Thames River watershed in southwestern Ontario. Thirty-three μ-basins (129–1458 ha) were used to identify land cover variables that influenced stream macroinvertebrates. Micro-basins represented the entire drainage area of study streams and were similar in stream order (first, second) ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10750-005-0868-z

99. Resettlement and Agricultural Change in a Rural Nigerian Environment:The Jebba Scheme Example

Author:
R. A. Olawepo
Source:
International Journal of Rural Management 2006 v.2 no.1 pp. 57-66
ISSN:
0973-0052
Subject:
agricultural land; fishermen; lakes; livestock; questionnaires; watersheds; Niger; Nigeria
Abstract:
... The inundation of about 950 ha of farm land and the consequent construction of Jebba dam on the Niger in Nigeria resulted in the evacuation of about 6,000 rural dwellers who were resettled into new settlements. The evacuees were migrant farmer-fishermen, who remained in new locations after resettlement. The study examined the effect of resettlement on agricultural practices among the people few ye ...
DOI:
10.1177/097300520500200103

100. Sediment respiration and lake trophic state are important predictors of large CO₂ evasion from small boreal lakes

Author:
KORTELAINEN, PIRKKO; RANTAKARI, MIITTA; HUTTUNEN, JARI T.; MATTSSON, TUIJA; ALM, JUKKA; JUUTINEN, SARI; LARMOLA, TUULA; SILVOLA, JOUKO; MARTIKAINEN, PERTTI J.
Source:
Global change biology 2006 v.12 no.8 pp. 1554-1567
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
agricultural land; biomass; carbon dioxide; correlation; data collection; databases; forest soils; lakes; landscapes; organic matter; oxygen; phosphorus; pollution load; sediments; surveys; trees; watersheds; Finland
Abstract:
... We show that sediment respiration is one of the key factors contributing to the high CO₂ supersaturation in and evasion from Finnish lakes, and evidently also over large areas in the boreal landscape, where the majority of the lakes are small and shallow. A subpopulation of 177 randomly selected lakes (<100 km²) and 32 lakes with the highest total phosphorus (Ptot) concentrations in the Nordic Lak ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01167.x