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Anura; adults; altitude; caatinga; cytochrome b; genes; genetic variation; herpetology; mitochondria; new species; rhodopsin; tadpoles; vocalization; Brazil
Abstract:
... The genus Proceratophrys currently comprises 40 species, of which five are distributed within the Caatinga domain and associated phytophysiognomies along northeastern Brazil. During field surveys at high altitudinal sites in Boqueirão da Onça region, northern Bahia state, we collected individuals of Proceratophrys that could not be assigned to any species currently known to occur within the Caatin ...
... A wide range of chemicals have been identified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in vertebrate species. Most studies of EDCs have focused on exposure of both male and female adults to these chemicals; however, there is clear evidence that EDCs have dramatic effects when mature or developing gametes are exposed, and consequently are associated with in multigenerational and transgenerational ...
... Anurans are a highly diverse amphibian order with a biphasic lifestyle. The larva, better known as tadpole, and the adult frog of one species typically occupy different habitats and exploit different resources. Therefore, both are subject of largely independent selection and are able to evolve stage-specific adaptations. Among others, the musculoskeletal features of the larval and adult head of an ...
Eder Alves Barbosa; Gabriel Sérgio Costa Alves; Marcelo de Melo Andrade Coura; Higor de Lima e Silva; Filipe Souza da Rocha; João Bueno Nunes; Matheus de Souza Watanabe; Alan Carvalho Andrade; Guilherme Dotto Brand
... Amphibians secrete a complex array of molecules that shape their interactions with coinhabiting microorganisms and macroscopic predators. Glycans are a rapidly evolving and complex class of biomolecules implicated in intrinsic and extrinsic recognition events. Despite the numerous studies aiming at the biochemical characterization of anuran skin secretions, little is known about protein-linked oli ...
... The transposable elements (TE) represent a large portion of anuran genomes that act as components of genetic diversification. The LINE order of retrotransposons is among the most representative and diverse TEs and is poorly investigated in anurans. Here we explored the LINE diversity with an emphasis on the elements generically called Rex in Pipidae species, more specifically, in the genomes ofXen ...
Karla Neira-Salamea; Joseph Doumbia; Annika Hillers; Laura Sandberger-Loua; N’Goran G. Kouamé; Christian Brede; Marvin Schäfer; David C. Blackburn; Michael F. Barej; Mark-Oliver Rödel
Amphibia; Pleistocene epoch; Pliocene epoch; biodiversity; body size; forests; frogs; highlands; lateral line system; middle ear; mitochondria; museums; new species; nucleotide sequences; refuge habitats; Guinea
Abstract:
... We describe a new species of the genus Conraua from the Fouta Djallon Highlands in Guinea. The species is recognised as distinct from nominotypical C. alleni, based on morphological evidence and is supported by a recent species delimitation analysis, based on DNA sequence data. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the unique combination of the following characters: medium body si ...
Lorena Freitas Souza Tavares-Costa; Gabriel Lima Rebêlo; Maria Isabel Müller; Ronald Ferreira Jesus; Bianca Nandyara; Leandro Mauricio Oliveira Silva; Carlos Eduardo Costa-Campos; Jeannie Nascimento dos Santos; Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos Melo
Anolis; Anura; Nematoda; Neotropics; amphibians; ecosystems; genes; inflation; integument; lungs; mitochondria; new species; parasites; parasitology; phylogeny; research; tail; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... Rhabdias Stiles and Hassal, 1905 comprises approximately 90 species of parasitic lung nematodes of amphibians and reptiles that have a wide distribution, with 21 species occurring in the Neotropics. In the present study, we describe Rhabdias waiapi n. sp. found parasitizing the lungs of the anuran species Pristimantis chiastonotus from the Amazon Biome in the Amapá State, Northern Brazil. The new ...
... The toads of the genus Brachytarsophrys Tian & Hu, 1983 are distributed in southern China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos and northern Thailand. Seven species of the genus have been recognised, of which five of them are known from China so far. Brachytarsophrysqiannanensis sp. nov., a new species of the short-legged toad genus is here described from southern Guizhou Province, China. Diagnostic characters ...
Anura; Bathyplectes curculionis; Hypera postica; alfalfa; control methods; insecticides; integrated pest management; parasitism; pests; plant protection; spring; winter; Spain
Abstract:
... The alfalfa weevil Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a major pest of alfalfa worldwide. In Spain, insecticide sprayings are mainly used for control with low efficacy. As a potential more sustainable control method, we determined the effectiveness of an alfalfa winter cutting for reducing pest populations in the spring and its interaction with parasitism rate due to Bathyple ...
Anura; Neotropics; altitude; community structure; ecosystems; forests; models; mountains; species richness; temperature
Abstract:
... Understanding the spatial variation in species richness and the mechanisms that limit species range sizes along geographical gradients belong to the central research issues in macroecology. Here, we aim to test the topographic and climatic effects on anuran species richness and community composition in mountainous regions in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome. We used Individual‐Based Rarefaction ...
Anura; Neotropics; biogeography; indigenous species; natural history; salamanders and newts; species richness; tropical montane cloud forests
Abstract:
... Tropical montane cloud forest harbors great species diversity in a small area of the planet and has a high proportion of endemics. At the local scale, species richness is low, but species turnover is high. We examined how amphibian species richness and the number of endemic species varies in cloud forests along a latitudinal gradient (23°N–5°S) in the Neotropics, where the latitudinal distribution ...
... Categorizing the bioacoustic and ecoacoustic properties of animals is great interest to biologists and ecologists. Also, multidisciplinary studies in engineering have significantly contributed to the development of acoustic analysis. Observing the animals living in the ecological environment provides information in many areas such as global warming, climate changes, monitoring of endangered animal ...
... Escape efficiency typically relies on locomotor performance, which depends on morphology. Moreover, flight initiation distance (FID, the distance from an approaching predator at which a prey starts flight) is behaviourally adjusted to minimize the costs of escape. When conspecifics with distinct heritable traits are subjected to differential predator pressure, specialized antipredator strategies m ...
... We evaluated the effects of riparian forests restoration on anuran communities in the Brazilian Cerrado. We analyzed five riparian reforested fragments around a reservoir of an hydroelectric plant using microhabitat variables (humidity, canopy opening, amount of leaf litter and vegetation density), the dominant landscape (matrix type, fragment width) and reforestation age. We tested whether anuran ...
Anura; COVID-19 infection; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; World Health Organization; antimicrobial peptides; antiviral properties; computer simulation; etiology; humans; pandemic; pneumonia; research; therapeutics; viruses; China
Abstract:
... At the end of 2019, in China, clinical signs and symptoms of unknown etiology have been reported in several patients whose sample sequencing revealed pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. COVID-19 is a disease triggered by this virus, and in 2020, the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic. Since then, efforts have been made to find effective therapeutic agents against this disease. ...
Anura; acoustics; evolution; frogs; life history; vocalization
Abstract:
... Acoustic signals in animals serve to convey context-dependent information to receivers. Birds and mammals combine diverse sounds into complex sequences to communicate, but the role of temporal sequencing of signals remains understudied in other taxa. Anuran vocalizations are a prominent feature of their life history, and function in defence of territories and to attract mates. However, there are f ...
... Carotenoids play an import role as one of the most prevalent pigments in animals. Carotenoid-based coloration accounts for striking sexually and naturally selected colour adaptations. Several anurans (frogs and toads) change body coloration either slowly and permanently between life stages (ontogenetic colour change), or rapidly and temporarily within minutes or hours (dynamic colour change). We i ...
Anura; cultural landscape; diet; entropy; functional diversity; land cover; land use change; species diversity; vegetation cover; Andes region; Colombia
Abstract:
... Taxonomical and functional facets of diversity are crucial to understanding the effects of landscape transformation on species assemblages, although there is a lack of consensus on the degree of congruence between diversity indices across land-uses. We evaluated the effect of natural and anthropogenic land cover types on anurans in the Andean region of Colombia. Changes between land cover types we ...
... West Siberia is a large region in North Eurasia, which harbours multiple climatic zones, landscape types and biomes. Its amphibian fauna is characterised by a combination of European and Asian species. For many species, this region is the place where the limits of their global ranges are located (Ranatemporaria, R.amurensis, Bufotessitibundus). West Siberia also has at least two non-native amphibi ...
... Phonotactic female and vocal male responses of frogs to advertisement calls have been shown to encompass broader ranges than those of variation of natural mate-attracting signals. Anuran aggressive calls contribute to expand the range of sound features significant for communication. Evoked vocal responses (EVRs) of males of Batrachyla leptopus to synthetic advertisement calls and variants with dif ...
... Phylogeographic studies primarily focus on the major role of landscape topography in driving lineage diversification. However, populational phylogeographic breaks may also occur as a result of either niche conservatism or divergence, in the absence of geographic barriers to gene flow. Furthermore, these two factors are not mutually exclusive and can act in concert, making it challenging to evaluat ...
... Understanding the determinants of parasite infection in different hosts is one of the main goals of disease ecology. Evaluating the relationship between parasite–host specificity and infection parameters within host communities and populations may contribute to this understanding. Here we propose two measures of specificity that encompasses phylogenetic and ecological relatedness among hosts and i ...
... We provide information on the diversity of anurans from agroforestry systems in the Colombian Amazon. This area is inserted at the tropical rainforest ecosystem and consists mainly of secondary forest remnants surrounded by crops, grasslands, and agroforestry systems. From February to May 2015, we sampled anurans mainly with visual and auditory surveys. We recorded a total of 1096 individuals of 2 ...
... The adults of the frog Atelognathus patagonicus display phenotypic plasticity and two morphotypes, namely, “aquatic” and “littoral”, and the transition from one to the other is a reversible way of adapting to different environments. The aquatic form lives underwater associated with vegetation and rocks and has lateral skin folds and interdigital membranes. Otherwise, the littoral form lives up to ...
... Over the years, cases of autochthonous leishmaniasis have been dramatically increasing in Thailand. Recently, several publications have claimed certain species of the phlebotomine sand flies and biting midges potentially serve as natural vectors of Leishmania and Trypanosoma species in this country. However, more information regarding the vector–parasite relationships, as well as their natural res ...
Felipe Silva de Andrade; Isabelle Aquemi Haga; Mariana Lúcio Lyra; Thiago Gazoni; Victor Zaracho; Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad; Luís Felipe Toledo; Ariovaldo Antonio Giaretta
Anura; Neotropics; acoustics; data collection; environment; fauna; geographical distribution; morphometry; phylogeny; Argentina; Bolivia; Brazil
Abstract:
... In recent years, the taxonomic knowledge of Pseudopaludicola has increased and it is currently possible to elucidate aspects of the species within this genus such as their geographic distributions. Here we accessed new data on geographic distribution of P. boliviana and three long-legged species of the P. saltica group (P. saltica, P. murundu, and P. jaredi). Based on morphometric, acoustic and ge ...
Rafael C. Lajmanovich; Andrés M. Attademo; Germán Lener; Ana P. Cuzziol Boccioni; Paola M. Peltzer; Candela S. Martinuzzi; Luisina D. Demonte; María R. Repetti
... The effects of glyphosate (GLY)-based and glufosinate ammonium (GA)-based herbicides (GBH and GABH, respectively) and polyethylene microplastic particles (PEMPs) on Scinax squalirostris tadpoles were assessed. Tadpoles were exposed to nominal concentrations of both herbicides (from 1.56 to 100 mg L⁻¹) and PEMPs (60 mg L⁻¹), either alone or in combination, and toxicity evaluated at 48 h. Acetylchol ...
Anura; community structure; frogs; humans; indigenous species; infrastructure; land use; nestedness; species richness; urbanization; vegetation cover; Brazil
Abstract:
... The rapid expansion of urban areas in which natural and semi-natural areas are replaced by human infrastructure, is a major threat to biodiversity worldwide. However, little is known about how the structure of biotic communities is affected by urbanization in the tropics. Here, we tested the effect of land use types and pond size in urban and rural areas on frog species richness and community comp ...
... Feeding upregulates immune function and the systemic and local (gastrointestinal tract) concentrations of some immunoregulatory hormones, as corticosterone (CORT) and melatonin (MEL), in mammals and anurans. However, little is known about the immune and hormonal regulation in response to feeding in other ectothermic vertebrates, especially snakes, in which the postprandial metabolic changes are pr ...
Anura; administrative management; birds; habitat destruction; marshes; species richness; wetland restoration; wildlife; North America
Abstract:
... The Laurentian Great Lakes of North America have seen major development of wetlands and wetland-associated landscapes. Monitoring of wetland species is important to determine impacts on wetland wildlife due to habitat loss, and to evaluate the effectiveness of wetland restoration efforts. However, methods used for monitoring species often depend on the spatial and temporal scales of the project, a ...
... Deforestation leads to changes in the landscape, which can isolate and decrease the size of populations affecting their structure and genetic variability. Additionally, it can increase the frequency of chromosomal damage due to exposure to genotoxic agents present in the environment. Among vertebrates, amphibians are the most threatened taxonomic group, especially forest-specialist species. Our wo ...
Anura; amphibians; body size; canopy; data collection; habitat preferences; habitats; metamorphosis; morphometry; overwintering; photogrammetry; plant litter; streams; tadpoles; water temperature; winter; Himalayan region
Abstract:
... Delaying metamorphosis in low-temperature conditions by anuran larvae known as ‘overwintering’ have been poorly studied, especially in terms of habitat ecology and behavioural aspects. The present study investigates some of the ecological aspects of overwintering tadpoles of the genus Nanorana in the Western Himalaya in an anthropogenically modified stream where check dams have altered the natural ...
Anura; community structure; ecosystems; grasslands; habitats; livestock; livestock production; nestedness; species richness; subtropics; surveys; taxonomy; Brazil
Abstract:
... The degradation of natural ecosystems due to land use changes has been increasing, altering ecosystem composition, structure and processes, which negatively affects biodiversity. Herein, we explored how the diversity patterns of anurans respond to the scenario of extensive replacement of grasslands with agriculture in southernmost Brazil. We determined possible changes in the species richness, tax ...
... Coordinated collective cellular movements underlie embryonic development. Mechanosensitivity of collective movements of cells in model systems allows us to suggest that cellular migration can be regulated in normal development by the stage-specific patterns of mechanical forces within the tissue, which was first described for the embryos of Anura. Experimental validation of this hypothesis is inco ...
Melanophryniscus rubriventris; eggs; larval development; mortality; oviposition; phenotypic plasticity; rain; tadpoles; toads; Andes region
Abstract:
... Anuran amphibians that breed in ephemeral ponds of unpredictable environments have mechanisms to tolerate or to avoid associated risks of egg and tadpole mortality, such as selection of oviposition sites, plasticity in larval development, and resistance of eggs to desiccation. The Yungas Red-belly Toad (Melanophryniscus rubriventris (Vellard, 1947)) breeds in temporary ponds in the Andean Yungas u ...
... The alfalfa weevil (Hypera postica Gyllenhal, Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a major pest of alfalfa crops. Chemical control measures are inefficient, but the larvae are often infested by parasitoid wasps of the genus Bathyplectes Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), which offer a potential biological control strategy. The development of effective biological control requires the identification of ...
Anura; Neotropics; amphibians; environment; fauna; mitochondrial genes; new taxa; phylogeny; species identification; Colombia
Abstract:
... The Neotropical amphibian family Centrolenidae currently includes 156 named species of nocturnal anurans commonly known as glassfrogs. With 79 species, Colombia is the country with the highest diversity of centrolenids. However, the number of species known to occur in the country remains uncertain because research often results in names being resurrected or placed in synonymy, the description of n ...
... In this paper, we present an update on our knowledge on egg predation (oophagy) by spiders. Based on a survey of 233 reports, ghost spiders (Anyphaenidae), lynx spiders (Oxyopidae), jumping spiders (Salticidae), and yellow sac spiders (Cheiracanthiidae) were the most prominent groups of spiders engaged in oophagy. Around 75% of the reports referred to the consumption of lepidopteran and spider egg ...
... Previously, the Marsh greenbottle blowfly, Lucilia silvarum Meigen (Diptera: Calliphoridae), has been implicated in myiasis of anurans but not of mammals or birds. This report describes an incident of opportunistic myiasis of nestling common blackbirds, Turdus merula (Passeriformes: Turdidae), by L. silvarum larvae in association with an infestation by the hematophagous maggot Neottiophilum praeus ...
Belostoma; Leptodactylus; forest management; predation; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... Studies concerning the predation of anurans by invertebrates are usually sparse and anecdotal, even more so when regarding the trophic relationships in anthropic environments, as is the case in forest management areas. In the present study, we document the predation of two anuran species, Dendropsophus sp. and Leptodactylus pentadactylus, by water bug nymphs of the Belostoma genus present in tempo ...
... Climate change has affected the distribution and phenology of several species. However, due to narrow ecological and physiological tolerances, not all species are affected in the same way. Here, we test whether life history characteristics and biogeographic character influence the response of Cerrado anurans to climate change using ecological niche models. Our results demonstrate that a reduction ...
... Bromeligenous Crossodactylodes is a leptodactylid genus closely related to Paratelmatobius and Scythrophrys. The diploid number in all karyotyped species of these two latter genera is 24, which diverges from the modal diploid number (2n = 22) in the family. Here, we analyzed three species of Crossodactylodes and found karyotypes with 2n = 30, 2n = 32, and 2n = 36, diploid numbers that have not bee ...
Rhinella; Trypanosoma; endocytosis; epimastigotes; flagellum; lipids; models; phylogeny; toads; tomography; transmission electron microscopy; vacuoles; Brazil
Abstract:
... In Brazil, the Trypanosoma sp. 858 was isolated from a toad (Anura: Bufonidae: Rhinella ictericus) and successfully maintained in cultures. We previously demonstrated that this trypanosome is different but tightly clustered phylogenetically with other trypanosomes from anurans. In this study, we addressed the ultrastructural features of cultured epimastigotes of this new trypanosome. Our results s ...
... Anuran amphibians are susceptible to infection by intestinal nematodes, but the damage and response mechanisms that occur in their intestines after infection are only partially understood. In this study, the intestinal disruption and response mechanisms in Amolops wuyiensis frogs infected with Cosmocercoides wuyiensis n. sp. were revealed through analysis of the intestinal histopathology, digestiv ...
... Parental care directly affects the fitness of individuals because it increases the probability of offspring survival. Therefore, it is expected that parents be particularly motivated to return (i.e., exhibit homing behavior) and resume care if they are moved away from offspring by disturbances. Yet, despite several studies on the behavioral ecology of homing in vertebrates, aspects underlying the ...
... Species delimitation can be challenging and affected by subjectivity. Sibling lineages that occur in sympatry constitute good candidates for species delimitation regardless of the adopted species concept. The Thoropa miliaris + T. taophora species complex exhibits high genetic diversity distributed in several lineages that occur sympatrically in the southeastern Atlantic Forest of Brazil. We used ...
Anura; herpetology; natural history; Andes region; Colombia
Abstract:
... We describe the advertisement call of Pristimantis zophus, a small and endemic Colombian rainfrog distributed throughout the cloud forests of the northern region of Western Andes. We analyzed 163 advertisement calls from six males. The advertisement call of P. zophus is relatively simple, short, with a duration of 0.227 ± 0.126 s (0.090–0.415), and consists of one or two notes of a single pulse an ...
Anura; environmental exposure; frogs; rain; regression analysis; Panama
Abstract:
... There are extensive studies on frog calling behaviours, including the effects of environmental variables, however, there are no known studies to explore the specific proximate cues that stimulate the onset of calling in an individual on a given night. The aim of this study is to identify and quantify the species-specific set of environmental variables that stimulate males to produce mating calls u ...
... Despite the importance of osteological characters in the diagnoses of the hemiphractid genera Fritziana and Flectonotus mentioned in the literature, published information on the osteology of both genera has been limited to the shape description of a few skull bones, such as nasals, quadratojugals, and neopalatines. Herein, detailed cranial osteological descriptions of six species of Fritziana and ...
Filipe Dantas-Torres; Amanda Maria Picelli; Kamila Gaudêncio da Silva Sales; Lucas Christian de Sousa-Paula; Paulo Mejia; Igor Luis Kaefer; Lucio André Viana; Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa
... Reptiles and amphibians are exceptional hosts for different ectoparasites, including mites and ticks. In this study, we investigated tick infestations on reptiles and amphibians trapped in Central Amazonia, and also assessed the presence of rickettsial infections in the collected ticks. From September 2016 to September 2019, 385 reptiles (350 lizards, 20 snakes, 12 tortoises, and three caimans) an ...
air temperature; animal behavior; bioacoustics; body size; frogs; sympatry
Abstract:
... Animal acoustic communication can be challenging under intense noise. Amphibians that inhabit noisy environments offer a great opportunity to study potential mechanisms that maximise signal transmission. Based on the hypothesis that frogs can adjust their calls to circumvent communication problems, we tested the effect of the duration of biotic sounds (intermittent acoustic signals from two syntop ...
... Mercury (Hg) is a widespread and toxic contaminant with potential for long-range atmospheric transport. Previous work has shown that temperate and subtropical montane ecosystems have great potential for deposition of this element. However, little information exists regarding Hg dynamics in tropical mountains. In present study, we evaluated the influence of altitudinal distribution, size, trophic p ...
... Although sustainable forestry methods such as Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) have lower impacts on biodiversity compared to conventional logging, the direct and indirect effects of RIL are poorly understood. Additionally, studies focusing on specific habitats may fail to detect cross-habitat impact variation or the effect on taxa which utilize multiple habitats, i.e. amphibians. We therefore investi ...
... AbstractSubstantial molecular and morphological character differences lead us to the description of a new species of the genus Pristimantis from the cloud forest of Cerro Chucantí, Maje Mountains, Darien Province, as well as from several other mountain ranges in eastern and central Panama. Pristimantis gretathunbergae sp. nov. is a sister species to the allopatric P. erythropleura-penelopus group ...
Luca Luiselli; Gift Simon Demaya; John Sebit Benansio; Fabio Petrozzi; Godfrey C. Akani; Edem A. Eniang; Stephanie N. Ajong; Massimiliano Di Vittorio; NioKing Amadi; Daniele Dendi
Annelida; Anura; Arachnida; Bivalvia; Testudines; adults; body size; carnivores; diet; fish; freshwater; habitats; juveniles; omnivores; ontogeny; predation; small mammals; turtles; vegetation cover; Benin; Nigeria; South Sudan; Zambia
Abstract:
... Pelusios (Testudines: Pleurodira) is an Afrotropical endemic genus of freshwater turtles that have adapted to a variety of habitats, with savannahs and forests being their two main habitat types. Although considered generally carnivorous, these turtles have rarely been subjected to detailed field surveys for determining their quantitative diet. In this paper, by using both the literature and origi ...
Anura; atrazine; case studies; growth and development; pollution; reproduction; risk; survival rate; toxicity; weight-of-evidence
Abstract:
... This paper presents a semiquantitative method to help ecotoxicologists evaluate the consistency of data within the available peer-reviewed literature. In this case study, we queried whether there is consistent evidence of direct toxicity in Anurans exposed to atrazine at concentrations ≤ 100 μg/L under laboratory conditions. Atrazine was selected because of the relatively large repository of Anura ...
Allobates; color; frogs; mitochondria; mitochondrial DNA; new species; nuclear genome; phenotype; phylogeny; rivers; throat; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... Integrative analyses, long-term studies, and access to remote areas in Amazonia have led to new hypotheses and increased resolution of the systematics and taxonomy of the small nurse frog genus Allobates (family Aromobatidae). During anuran sampling in the Middle Tapajós River region, state of Pará, Brazil, we collected data on a new cryptically colored species of Allobates with a cricket-like adv ...
Alberto L. Teixido; Heivanice Sehn; Luis G. Quintanilla; Stela R. A. Gonçalves; Gilberto J. Férnandez‐Arellano; Wesley Dáttilo; Thiago J. Izzo; Viviane M. G. Layme; Leonardo F. B. Moreira
Anura; Caudata; Crocodylia; Squamata; Testudines; forests; habitat destruction; herpetofauna; meta-analysis; population dynamics; Brazil
Abstract:
... Habitat loss and fragmentation are the primary causes of global population decline of amphibians and reptiles. In Brazil, that hosts an extraordinary herpetofaunal richness, amphibians and reptiles are clearly undersampled among vertebrate groups in fragmentation research. This bias may underestimate the effects of fragmentation on herpetofauna in this megadiverse country. Here, we conducted an ex ...
Anura; Neotropics; bioacoustics; cryptic species; deforestation; genes; new species; phylogeny; vertebrates; Andes region; Peru
Abstract:
... With 566 species, the neotropical genus Pristimantis is the most speciose vertebrate genus. As a result of its striking diversity, taxonomic reviews remain a challenge. Herein, we present an updated phylogeny of the Pristimantis lacrimosus group and describe a new species from Llanganates and Sangay National Parks. We also report, for the first time, the phylogenetic position of Pristimantis degen ...
Anura; adults; body size; eyes; middle ear; new species; phylogeny; plant litter; species diversity; toads; China
Abstract:
... A new species of the Asian leaf litter toad genus Leptobrachella is described from Guizhou Province, China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses support the new species as an independent lineage deeply nested in the Leptobrachella clade. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological characters: body size medium (SVL 29.7–31.2 mm in five adult males) ...
Anura; ambient temperature; enzymes; field methods; high performance liquid chromatography; metabolites; physiological state; progesterone; storage time; testosterone; transportation; urine
Abstract:
... Anurans (frogs and toads) expelled urine when handled and it could provide insights into their physiological status. However, storage, preservation and transportation are often challenging. The study aimed to standardize and validate a field method for short-term storage and preserve of anuran urine samples using Whatman filter papers. To examine the efficacy of storage conditions and type of pape ...
... For 80 years, there were no sightings of the Andean frog, Telmatobius halli, due to the ambiguity with which its type locality was described (“warm spring near Ollagüe”, northern Chile). The type specimens were collected during the International High Altitude Expedition to Chile (IHAEC) in 1935 and were subsequently described in 1938. In 2018 and 2020, two studies independently reported the redisc ...
Anura; body size; conservation areas; eyelids; hindlimbs; metacarpus; middle ear; mitochondria; new species; nose; phylogeny; tongue; China
Abstract:
... Herein, we describe Panophrys congjiangensis sp. nov. obtained from the Yueliangshan Nature Reserve, Congjiang County, Guizhou Province, China. Phylogenetic analyses based on the mitochondrial genes 16S rRNA and COI indicated that this new species represented an independent lineage, closely related to P. leishanensis. The uncorrected genetic distances between the new species and its closest congen ...
Anura; allometry; bioacoustics; body size; evolution; natural history; rheophilic species; streams; vocalization; water flow
Abstract:
... Anurans that breed in rivers and cascade streams need to deal with the influence of the low-frequency water flow noise that could interfere with their acoustic communication. To overcome that, some species display visual signals or emit high-pitched calls. However, there is a constraint related to body size [snout-vent length (SVL)] that limits the anurans' calling frequency range. Thus, to evalua ...
Anura; acoustics; animals; savannas; species richness; surveys
Abstract:
... The development of new acoustic technologies has promoted remarkable advances in biodiversity monitoring. Passive acoustics is increasingly being used in ecological research to remotely assess animal communities. This recent revolution opens new questions about the precision and efficiency of these emerging methods in tracking biodiversity. However, most of the studies evaluating passive monitorin ...
Anura; adulthood; age structure; chromosomes; demographic statistics; diploidy; frogs; hybridization; hybrids; life history; longevity; reproductive performance; sexual maturity; tetraploidy; triploidy; viability; Argentina
Abstract:
... Diploid Odontophrynus cordobae and tetraploid Odontophrynus americanus coexist in syntopy in central Argentina, and recently a hybrid zone between them with numerous triploid individuals has been reported. Furthermore, hybrid polyploids with odd numbers of chromosome sets often exhibit low viability and fertility. Our aim was to test differences in age-related life history aspects influencing fitn ...
... Unsustainable timber management, primarily via Conventional selective Logging (CL), has resulted in severe habitat degradation and biodiversity loss. Sustainable techniques, principally Reduced Impact Logging (RIL), are therefore essential for conserving highly threatened, physiologically sensitive taxa such as amphibians. In this study we compare the effects of CL and RIL on stream amphibians acr ...
Alzheimer disease; Anura; amphibians; antioxidants; research; Argentina
Abstract:
... Natural products represent a rich source of bioactive compounds that have been historically used to obtain substances with great medicinal potential. The skin of anuran amphibians is a rich source of compounds with a wide range of biological activity. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disease associated with all kind of different pathways, making their simultaneous modulation necessary. Nowada ...
Arielson S. Protázio; Airan S. Protázio; Larissa S. Silva; Lennise C. Conceição; Hugo S. N. Braga; Uilton G. Santos; André C. Ribeiro; Amanda C. Almeida; Vívian Gama; Marcos V. S. A. Vieira; Tiago A. F. Silva
Anura; Trachemys; amphibians; forests; lizards; Brazil
Abstract:
... A list of amphibian and reptile species that occur in open and forested areas of the Atlantic Forest in the municipality of Cruz das Almas, in the Recôncavo Baiano, eastern Brazil is presented. Field sampling occurred between January 2015 to March 2019, totalling 117 samples distributed in three areas: Parque Florestal Mata de Cazuzinha, Mata da Cascalheira, and Riacho do Machado. A total of 1,848 ...
... The Sinos River encompasses a wide area of natural habitats and, at the same time, supports one of the highest population densities of southern Brazil. Consequently, natural habitats along the Basin present a high degree of habitat disturbance. Despite of the existence of threatened species, information about diversity of amphibians in that area is scarce. Thus, we aimed to catalogue the amphibian ...
Diego Armijos-Ojeda; Diana Székely; Paul Székely; Dan Cogălniceanu; Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia; Leonardo Ordóñez-Delgado; Adrián Escudero; Carlos Iván Espinosa
Anura; amphibians; biodiversity; body size; coasts; conservation status; data collection; habitat preferences; inventories; life history; museums; taxonomic keys; Ecuador; Peru
Abstract:
... Seasonally dry forests (SDFs) are one of the most challenging ecosystems for amphibians, fueling the diversity of this group of vertebrates. An updated inventory of native amphibians present in the Equatorial SDF is provided, which extends along the Pacific coast of Ecuador and northwestern Peru. The study is based on an extensive field sampling (two thirds of the total records) carried out throug ...
... Amphibian skin secretions are a rich source of antimicrobial peptides that have long interested both the biomedical and herpetological research communities. While anuran skin peptides are well studied, little is known about skin peptides in salamanders, in part because methods for collecting them are poorly developed. In anurans, pharmacological agents are commonly used to stimulate skin peptide r ...
Anura; data quality; databases; ecology; introduced species; life history; protocols
Abstract:
... The United States is home to many anuran species, each with traits that set them apart from one another. Understanding trait variation within and between anurans is key to many successful conservation, management, and research efforts. However, compiling trait data is intensive and time consuming. Trait databases can meet this need, but currently there is no detailed database that collates trait d ...
Anura; Nematoda; analysis of covariance; body size; entropy; forests; functional diversity; habitat preferences; host-parasite relationships; parasites; parasitology; research
Abstract:
... Understanding the processes responsible for structuring communities has been a challenge in ecology, and parasite communities are an excellent system to address this issue. The use of different diversity metrics can help us to understand the determinants of the structure of parasite communities, and in this sense, functional diversity indexes make it possible to measure the variability of organism ...
Anura; DNA barcoding; biodiversity; environmental DNA; nondestructive methods; China
Abstract:
... As anuran biodiversity quickly declines, it is important to understand local patterns of anuran occurrence. However, the limitations of traditional sampling methods make anuran biodiversity surveys inadequate. Tropical environments are rich in anuran species, which makes biodiversity measurements more difficult. Therefore, it is important to develop a rapid, inexpensive and nondestructive method t ...
Gleomar Fabiano Maschio; Rossineide Martins da Rocha; Maria Cristina dos Santos-Costa; Lais de Nazaré Barros Barbosa; Klyssia Stéfanni Fonseca dos Santos; Ana Lúcia da Costa Prudente
Anura; Serpentes; conspecificity; diet; fecundity; geographical variation; herpetology; natural selection; sexual dimorphism; sexual maturity; Amazonia; South America
Abstract:
... We analyzed reproductive and feeding habits of Leptodeira annulata based on a sample of 136 specimens from eastern Amazonia and compared our data with information from the literature of other populations of L. annulata, as well as of Imantodes cenchoa. As a result, we detected sexual bimaturism, a continuous reproductive cycle, and no sexual dimorphism regarding snout–vent length. Anurans represen ...
Anura; altitude; data collection; forests; frogs; life history; models; species richness
Abstract:
... Altitudinal patterns in species richness vary among taxa and are shaped by the intrinsic traits of different organisms and their response to environmental variables. We evaluated the relationship between anuran richness and elevation along local and regional altitudinal gradients within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest based on data from fieldwork (local dataset; 100–1900 m a.s.l.) and on compiled se ...
Nico J. Wolmarans; Lieven Bervoets; Ruan Gerber; Yared Beyene Yohannes; Shouta MM. Nakayama; Yoshinori Ikenaka; Mayumi Ishizuka; Patrick Meire; Nico J. Smit; Victor Wepener
Anura; bioaccumulation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; comparative study; conservation areas; malaria; national parks; nontarget organisms; risk; vector control; wildlife; South Africa
Abstract:
... The threat to wildlife from chemical exposure exists regardless of the presence of conservation boundaries. An issue exacerbated by the use of environmentally persistent insecticides for vector control and long-range transport of legacy persistent organic pollutants. In this comparative study between two important conservation regions in South Africa, Kruger National Park (KNP) and Ndumo Game Rese ...
Anura; acoustics; altitude; amphibians; canopy; forest litter; forests; herpetofauna; herpetology; regression analysis; relative humidity; reptiles; soil water; species richness; Tanzania
Abstract:
... Although the knowledge about the Tanzanian reptiles and amphibians has drastically increased in recent years, the knowledge on the amphibian and reptile fauna of the remaining forest reserves of the Uluguru Mountains (UMs) is only partially known. Amphibians and reptiles were studied in 17 forest reserves and sampled using diurnal and nocturnal time-constrained visual encounter surveys, acoustic s ...
Carolina Lambertini; C. Guilherme Becker; Anat M. Belasen; Anyelet Valencia-Aguilar; Carlos Henrique L. Nunes-de-Almeida; Clarisse M. Betancourt-Román; David Rodriguez; Domingos da Silva Leite; Igor S. Oliveira; João Luiz Gasparini; Joice Ruggeri; Tamí Mott; Thomas S. Jenkinson; Timothy Y. James; Kelly R. Zamudio; Luís Felipe Toledo
... Latitudinal gradients are linked to the dynamics of infectious diseases. Both prevalence and infection intensity of the amphibian-killing fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), vary with latitude. Here, we tested whether abiotic and biotic factors are associated with Bd infection prevalence and intensity along a large latitudinal gradient across the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We detected a p ...
Anura; biogeography; body size; climate; correlation; ecology; environmental factors; evapotranspiration; extinction; frequency; frequency distribution; history; models; normalized difference vegetation index; phylogeny; shape; spatial distribution; temperature
Abstract:
... AIM: Body size frequency distributions are often skewed to the right, with a greater frequency of small‐sized species. Right skewness can appear when speciation is biased towards small species and extinction towards large ones. In contrast, limits imposed by environmental constraints will select taxa to co‐occur in assemblages and can modify size distributions to the left or to the right. We analy ...
... Anuran calling activity has been widely associated with abiotic factors, such as temperature, rain and photoperiod. In this sense, mathematical modelling could help us to decipher the mechanisms that underlie these phenomena in order to be able to predict possible scenarios. Here, we propose 15 models that incorporate some environmental variables with biologic relevance: photoperiod, accumulated r ...
... The Acoustic Adaptation Hypothesis (AAH) posits that animal acoustic signals used in long-range communication should be adapted to transmit well within the habitats in which they evolved. However, comparative studies of signal form indicate mixed support for predictions of the AAH. Several studies have employed experimental playback approaches to testing signal transmission which can complement co ...
... The somatic chromosomal architecture of the Taolor's stream frog (Limnonectes taylori) is described in relation with the location of nucleolus organizer region (NOR) and C-banding pattern. The 10 male and 10 female samples collected from Phitsanulok and Phayao province, Northern Thailand, were used for the study. Chromosome preparations were prepared from bone marrow following standard protocol. T ...
Romina P. Suárez; Andrea P. Goijman; Sandra Cappelletti; Laura M. Solari; Diego Cristos; Dante Rojas; Pamela Krug; Kimberly J. Babbitt; Gregorio I. Gavier-Pizarro
... Agricultural expansion and intensification has led globally to a rapid landscape structure change and high agrochemical use resulting in habitat loss and degraded environmental quality. Co-occurrence of landscape change and agrochemical contamination threatens biodiversity and might have interactive effects especially for organisms with complex life-cycles such as amphibians. We evaluated effects ...
Anura; Neotropics; acoustics; behavior; complement; frogs; geophysics; rheophilic species
Abstract:
... Anuran communication involves different channels of signal transmission, including acoustic, chemical, seismic, tactile, and visual stimuli. If emitted in combination, the components of the different channels form the multimodal communication, which can be important to reinforce, complement, or transfer fundamental information. This is especially key for species that dwell in noisy environments, s ...
... The natural history of a cerrado snake community in a protected area in southeastern Brazil (Santa Bárbara Ecological Station; SBES) is described. A visual guide and an identification key are also provided to assist researchers and local people in identifying snakes in that region. Sampling was performed through pitfall traps, time-constrained search, accidental encounters, and observations by loc ...
... Anurans have an exceptional capacity for maintaining vascular volume compared with other groups of vertebrates. They can mobilize interstitial fluids via lymphatic return at rates that are ten-fold higher than mammals. This extraordinary capacity is the result of coordination of specialized skeletal muscles and pulmonary ventilation that vary volume and pressure of subcutaneous lymph sacs, thus mo ...
... If combined with anthropogenic disturbances and global climatic change, hurricanes may lead to major effects on animal populations and assemblages. The combined effects of cumulative natural and human disturbances on vertebrates have been little studied. There is evidence that herpetofaunal assemblages are sensitive in species richness, abundance, and diversity to anthropogenic and natural disturb ...
... The Himalayan Arc is recognized as a global biodiversity hotspot. Among its numerous cryptic and undiscovered organisms, this composite high-mountain ecosystem harbors many taxa with adaptations to life in high elevations. However, evolutionary patterns and genomic features have been relatively rarely studied in Himalayan vertebrates. Here, we provide the first well-annotated transcriptome of a Gr ...
... We recorded the soundscape at four cattle ranches at the foothills of the Meta department, Colombia. We used eight acoustic recorders, four in silvopastoral systems and four in traditional cattle systems. Each recorder operated for 1 minute every 10 minutes, for an average of 4 days, in November 2019. We obtained 4743 one-minute recordings, 57.3% for traditional cattle systems and 42.7% for silvop ...
... Human activities worldwide are increasingly releasing low-frequency noise into the environment. Anthropogenic noise imposes a novel stress for wild animals and has become an increasing global concern. Many animals have been found to mitigate noise disturbance by modifying their acoustic parameters, yet the calling behaviours of species that breed near airports have not been explored in detail, esp ...
Anura; agricultural land; agriculture; agroecosystems; cattle; environment; grasslands; habitats; land use; landscapes; soil texture; soybeans; species richness; sustainable agriculture; vegetation cover; water pollution; Argentina
Abstract:
... Agriculture has been identified as one of the largest contributors to the current global biodiversity crisis. Amphibians are declining worldwide, and the loss of habitat and water contamination related to agricultural land uses have been suggested as the main drivers of this phenomenon. In central Argentina, the Pampean Region combines the highest rates of grassland replacement of South America, t ...
Anura; Bromeliaceae; Pleistocene epoch; biogeography; climate; coasts; community structure; extinction; frogs; geographical distribution; niche conservatism; phylogeny; species richness; topography; trees; Brazil
Abstract:
... AIM: To test the importance of evolutionary and biogeographical processes in shaping the assembly of local frog communities in two adjacent regions (hereafter, coastal and inland regions) with different historical signatures. We asked two main questions: (1) why does the coastal region harbour more frog species than the inland region? and (2) how do these processes affect the spatial variation in ...
Anura; interspecific variation; nestedness; parasites; parasitology; phylogeny; species diversity
Abstract:
... There is great heterogeneity in parasite communities among hosts, understanding the nature and drivers of such variations is still a great scientific quest. Here, we analyse the variation in parasite communities by addressing the following questions: (i) What is the beta-diversity component (nestedness or turnover) that most contributes to beta diversity in parasite communities among anuran specie ...
... Temporal scale in animal communities is often associated with seasonality, despite the large variation in species activity during a diel cycle. A gap thus remains in understanding the dynamics of short‐term activity in animal communities. Here we assessed calling activity of tropical anurans and addressed how species composition varied during night activity in assemblages along gradients of local ...
... This paper is a survey of the parasite diversity, prevalence and infection intensity in anurans in diverse ecological settings in West Africa. The settings included natural habitats (rainforests, freshwater creeks, Guinea and Sudan savannas), monoculture plantations (cocoa, cotton and oil palm), urbanized and urbanizing rainforest biotopes and polluted environments due to oil industry activities. ...
... Telmatobius chusmisensis was described from the Tarapacá Region, in the Puna of northern Chile. The lack of information on the species led to its classification as Data Deficient. There has been no information published on its biology or ecology since its original description in 2006. Here, we provide information on its habitat, density, diet, and threats. The habitat of the species is restricted ...
Anura; decline; introduced species; pollution; population dynamics; research; synergism
Abstract:
... The ongoing decline in anuran populations is linked primarily to the effects of stressor agents such as pathogens, pesticides, alterations of natural landscapes, and the introduction of exotic species. Most studies that have evaluated the effects of these stressors have focused on a single component, which is the opposite of the reality of most natural environments, where anuran populations tend t ...
Anura; Metatheria; climate change; climatic factors; frogs; Peru
Abstract:
... We extend by 300 m the known upper elevational range of the Marsupial frog, Gastrotheca marsupiata (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841), to 4,660 m a.s.l. This record makes G. marsupiata the highest occurring frog in its genus, which is already characterized by high-elevation distributions. We suggest that this record may represent a case of climate-induced range shifting and discuss this record in the contex ...