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Blattodea; DNA methylation; epigenetics; gene expression; genetic background; histones; phenotype; reproductive performance; social insects; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... Eusocial insects, such as bees, ants, and wasps of the Hymenoptera and termites of the Blattodea, are able to generate remarkable diversity in morphology and behavior despite being genetically uniform within a colony. Most eusocial insect species display caste structures in which reproductive ability is possessed by a single or a few queens while all other colony members act as workers. However, i ...
... Natural selection should favor the transfer of immune competence from one generation to the next in a context-dependent manner. Transgenerational immune priming (TGIP) is expected to evolve when species exploit pathogen-rich environments and exhibit extended overlap of parent–offspring generations. Dampwood termites are hemimetabolous, eusocial insects (Blattodea: Archeotermopsidae) that pos ...
... Complex agroforestry systems are suggested as a possible solution to reduce the effects of deforestation in the tropics while enhancing the livelihoods of local human populations. Coffee (Coffea spp.) is one of the most important commodity crops in the world that can easily be cultivated in complex agroforestry systems. Coffee agroforestry systems usually sustain higher biodiversity levels than su ...
... Daily activity rhythms are widespread characteristics among many organisms and are usually related to one or more physical environmental variables, such as light and temperature. Even organisms that are not obviously exposed to wide fluctuations in environmental variables, such as troglodytic and endogeic species, exhibit some daily activity patterns. Termites inhabit underground areas or tree tru ...
Blattodea; Coleoptera; Tettigoniidae; antipredatory behavior; bioacoustics; detection; diet; ears; feces; foraging; foxes; fruits; hearing; insectivores; insects; invertebrates; landscapes; lizards; nestlings; predation; predators; pressure; risk; small mammals; sounds; surveys; South Africa
Abstract:
... The bat-eared fox is an insectivorous, nocturnal predator that uses its characteristic large ears to detect sounds made by invertebrate prey. Behavioural observations of the bat-eared fox emphasize the significant role hearing plays in insect prey detection and localization. In turn, katydids are nocturnal insects that risk attracting predators by producing conspicuous signals for mate attraction ...
... Pyrethrin I, pyrethrin II, cinerin I, cinerin II, jasmolin I and jasmolin II are six closely related insecticidal active esters, known as pyrethrins, found in the pyrethrum extract from the dry flowers of Tanacetum cinerariifolium. The chemical structures of the six compounds differ only in the terminal moieties at the acid and alcohol ends, but the compounds' in vivo toxicities are substantially ...
... BACKGROUND: Botanical insecticides do not play a major role as crop protectants, but they are beneficial in some applications. The authors investigated the actions of naturally occurring alkaloids on insect nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs) by evaluating their abilities to inhibit specific binding of [³H]imidacloprid (IMI) to nerve-cord membranes from Periplaneta americana L. Two al ...
... Two extant apterygotan insect orders, Archaeognatha and Zygentoma, are investigated with respect to the identity of neuropeptides belonging to the adipokinetic hormone (AKH) peptide family; this is the first report on AKH peptide structures in the so-called primitive insects and the first of any peptide in the Archaeognatha. In the lepismatid, Thermobia domestica, and the machilid, Petrobius marit ...
... Crowding causes many organisms to express phenotypic plasticity in various traits. Phase polyphenism in desert locusts represents one extreme example in which a solitary form (solitarious phase) turns into a gregarious form (gregarious phase) in response to crowding. Conspicuous differences in body size and colour occur even in hatchlings. The phase‐specific differences in hatchling characteristic ...
... Most species on Earth are insects and thus, understanding their evolutionary relationships is key to understanding the evolution of life. Insect relationships are increasingly well supported, due largely to technological advances in molecular sequencing and phylogenetic computational analysis. In this postgenomic era, insect systematics will be furthered best by integrative methods aimed at hypoth ...
... The rationale of “green pesticides” in food security is to use information about endogenous hormones of pest insects to make peptide mimetics that will act against the pest insects to alter their behaviour or physiology, while taking care not to harm beneficial insects or other organisms in the food chain. Such “green” insecticides are designed thus, on the basis of neuropeptide ligand–receptor in ...
mechanism of action; local anesthetics; alanine; metaflumizone; lidocaine; mammals; sodium channels; insects; Blattodea; indoxacarb
Abstract:
... A new class of sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs), which include indoxacarb, its active metabolite, DCJW, and metaflumizone, preferably block inactivated states of both insect and mammalian sodium channels in a manner similar to that by which local anesthetic (LA) drugs block mammalian sodium channels. A recent study showed that two residues in the cockroach sodium channel, F1817 and Y182 ...
... The anatomy of the workers' digestive tube is essential in taxonomical studies of soil-feeding Apicotermitinae termites, especially in soldierless lineages. Two structures, the mesenteric-proctodeal junction and the enteric valve, have long been important to distinguish genera and species. By contrast, the gizzard (proventriculus) has been almost ignored by taxonomists because of its generally reg ...
... The behavioral responses to attractive and aversive odors were examined in blinded adult male cockroaches under tethered-walking conditions. A sex pheromone-like stimulant derived from adult virgin females and artificially synthesized limonene were used as attractive and aversive odor sources, respectively. When a searching animal was stimulated with the attractive female-derived odor, the horizon ...
... The antennal hearts of the zorapteran Zorotypus hubbardi and of two psocopteran species (Caecilius sp., Embidopsocus sp.) are described in detail and compared to those of other insects. In Zorotypus, the ampullae of this organ are located dorsally of the antennal base. They are attached to the frontal cuticle of the head capsule and laterally suspended by two delicate bands of connective tissue. T ...
... A trend towards environmentally friendly chemicals for use in termite management has been occurring globally. This study examined three naturally occurring plant extracts from Lavandula latifolia (Spike lavender), Origanum vulgare (Marjorum), and Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) against the termite Microcerotermes eugnathus. Plant extract results were compared to two commercially used termite pesticide ...
... Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in insects have the potential to be developed as chemotherapy agents against numerous microbial species. This article reviewed the existing knowledge of what have been focused so far on published materials related to AMPs isolated from insects. Previous studies were focused on peptide characterization and the mechanism pathways of different AMPs from a variety of inse ...
... Heterotermes indicola (Wasmann) (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) is a species of subterranean termite that is a destructive pest of wood and wood products in Pakistan. This study evaluated the antioxidant and antienzyme potential of heartwood extractives against H. indicola. Heartwood extractives of four durable wood species, Tectona grandis (L.f), Dalbergia sissoo (Roxb.), Cedrus deodara (Roxb.), and ...
Neotropics; Termitidae; color; education; head; new species; Amazonia; Colombia; Florida
Abstract:
... The worker of Aparatermes thornatus is described as the fourth species of a widespread Neotropical termite genus, Aparatermes, from the worker caste. This species occurs in northern Amazonia. The enteric valve armature of A. thornatus and the unique coloration of its worker's head capsule distinguish it from its 3 congeners. Molecular data recovered the proposed new species as a sister to Aparater ...
... We measured the concentrations of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as parent and halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs and HPAHs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in indoor dust (ID) and indoor cockroach samples collected from Shenzhen, South China. Biota-dust accumulation factors (BDAFs) were computed and utilized to quantify targeted pollutant bioaccumula ...
... The venom of the parasitoid wasp Ampulex compressa induces long-lasting hypokinesia in the cockroach prey. Previous work indicates that the venom acts in the subesophageal ganglion to indirectly affect modulation of thoracic circuits for locomotion. However, the target of the venom in the subesophageal ganglion, and the mechanism by which the venom achieves its effects are as yet unknown. While th ...
... We analysed the arthropod fauna from nine nests of Cacicus sp. and nine nests of Psarocolius sp. (Passerida: Icteridae), in the varzea forest of Central Amazonia, Brazil, during high water, establishing these nests as one of the probable refuges for several arthropods performing vertical migration during periods of flooding and high water, besides discussing the role of these arthropods in the nes ...
... Madagascar is one of the world hotspots for endemics, and its rapidly changing habitats accelerate the need for their study and conservation. Orthopterans, mantids, phasmids, and cockroaches were sampled in five main habitats (savanna and shrubland, semiarid spiny forest, rainforest, mountain grass- and shrubland, and cultivated habitats) in central and southern Madagascar (41 sites, 0–2250 m a.s. ...
Blattodea; Buprestidae; Quercus suber; Reticulitermes; cork; debarking; tree and stand measurements; trees; understory; Iberian Peninsula; Spain
Abstract:
... This work assesses damage caused by Coraebus undatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and Reticulitermes grassei Clément (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) in managed cork oak forests from the southern Iberian Peninsula. Lesions were diagnosed and quantified in relation to the following features: height and orientation in the trunk, diameter at breast height, solar exposure, understory presence and ...
... Otitis media (OM) is a common infection in early childhood with repeated attacks that lead to long-term complications and sequelae, but its etiology still remains unclear.To examine the association between early life exposure to air pollution and childhood OM, with the purpose of identifying critical windows of exposure and key components of air pollution in the development of OM.We conducted a pr ...
... Farm labor housing has been described as among the worst in the nation, oftentimes with poor and unsanitary indoor living conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between indoor environmental risk factors and respiratory health among migrant farmworker occupants (N = 352) living in employer-provided housing. A cross-sectional sample of adult Latino male farm laborers ...
... Animals rely on associative learning for a wide range of purposes, including danger avoidance. This has been demonstrated for several insects, including cockroaches, mosquitoes, drosophilid flies, paper wasps, stingless bees, bumblebees and honeybees, but less is known for parasitic wasps. We tested the ability of Psyttalia concolor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) females to associate different dosages ...
... BACKGROUND: Photopharmacology is a fast‐growing photonics‐based technology, which realizes the high‐resolution regulation of drugs in time and space through light. The purpose of this research was to introduce photochromic groups into the isoxazoline structure to realize the regulation of γ‐Aminobutyric acid receptors (GABARs) targeting insect behavior. RESULTS: Azobenzene‐Fluralaner analogs ABF02 ...
... Refuge sites are critical for survival of terrestrial arthropods during the dry season in tropical dry forests. Ball moss, Tillandsia recurvata L. (Bromeliaceae), is a refuge site in seasonally tropical dry forests of Central Mexico, although few studies have examined the role of T. recurvata as a microhabitat of arthropods during unfavorable periods. The objective of the study was to catalog spec ...
Cerambycidae; Reticulitermes; bark; climatic factors; decayed wood; forests; fungi; lignin; stainless steel; subterranean termites; Southeastern United States
Abstract:
... Rates of terrestrial wood decomposition are known to vary widely depending on regional and local climatic conditions, substrate characteristics and the organisms involved but the influence of many factors remain poorly quantified. We sought to determine how bark and insects contribute to decomposition in a southeastern U.S. forest. Open-topped stainless steel pans with screened bottoms were used t ...
... In a serial dilution assay, the concentration of a compound is estimated by combining measurements of several different dilutions of an unknown sample. The relation between concentration and measurement is nonlinear and heteroscedastic, and so it is not appropriate to weight these measurements equally. In the standard existing approach for analysis of these data, a large proportion of the measurem ...
... ‘Behavioral resistance’ must be defined in a manner consistent with other mechanisms of resistance and be based on heritable changes. Most claimed cases of behavioral resistance to insecticides are simply aversion behaviors either learned or based on simple repellency or avoidance. Although studies have shown changes in taste/odour receptors (e.g., cockroaches), unequivocal demonstration of behavi ...
... A gel bait-resistant German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), strain Cincy was collected in Cincinnati, OH. This strain exhibited a high level of behavioral resistance to Avert (0.05% abamectin) and Maxforce FC (0.01% fipronil) gel baits. Topical application assays indicated moderate levels of physiological resistance of the Cincy strain to abamectin and fipronil. Resistance ratios (based on LD ...
... Deadwood is an important legacy structure in managed forests, providing continuity in shelter and resource availability for many organisms and acting as a vehicle by which nutrients can be passed from one stand to the next following a harvest. Despite existing at the interface between below‐ and above‐ground systems, however, much remains unknown about the role woody debris plays in linking these ...
... This study evaluated the termite susceptibility of Papua New Guinea (PNG) balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) against Australia's most economically important wood-destroying termite species, Coptotermes acinaciformis. Samples of envelope treated PNG balsa with the insecticide bifenthrin and non-treated balsa, radiata pine (Pinus radiata) sapwood and southern blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus) heartwood were ex ...
Aedes aegypti; Anopheles gambiae; Blattodea; acetylcholinesterase; acute toxicity; agonists; axons; central nervous system; cross resistance; deet; fruit flies; insect repellents; neurophysiology; odorant receptors; oils; pest management; phosphates; potassium; potassium channels; public health; solubility
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The compound 2‐((4‐ethyl‐5‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)thio)‐N‐(4‐ethylphenyl) acetamide (VUAA1) is reported to be an odorant receptor co‐receptor (Orco) agonist in insects with potential use as an insect repellent. For this study, the biological activity of VUAA1 was investigated in several bioassays with Aedes aegypti, including adult contact, spatial repellency, and larval ...
... Heartwood samples from Juniperus virginiana, were extracted with liquid carbon dioxide and the bioactivity of carbon dioxide-derived cedarwood oil (CWO) towards several species of arthropods was investigated. Repellency or toxicity was tested for ants, ticks, and cockroaches. Ants in an outdoor bioassay were significantly repelled by the presence of cedarwood oil on a pole leading to a sugar-water ...
... The subterranean termite Heterotermes indicola (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) is a serious pest to wood in service causing significant annual economic loss in Southeast Asia. In the present study, silver oak (Grevillea robusta A. Cunn.) (Proteaceae) leaf extract was investigated for its termiticidal properties against the termite H. indicola in laboratory tests. An ethanol-solvent system was used to ...
... Stenotrophomonas maltophilia OG2 was isolated from the intestine of cockroaches that was collected from a cow barn contaminated some pesticides belong to pyrethroid and organochlorine groups. OG2 was able to degrade α-endosulfan in non sulfur medium (NSM) as a sole sulfur source for growth within 10 days of incubation. The effects of some growth parameters on endosulfan biodegradation by OG2 was s ...
... This study investigated an enzymatic biofuel cell (BFC) which can be backpacked by cockroaches. The BFC generates electric power from trehalose in insect hemolymph by the trehalase and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) reaction systems which dehydrogenate β-glucose obtained by hydrolyzing trehalose. First, an insect-mountable BFC (imBFC) was designed and fabricated with a 3D printer. The electrochemical ...
... In previous studies, chitin-based films were produced from chitin nanofibers in dust form and fully characterized. However, chitin films naturally present in many organisms have not been isolated and characterized. Herein, structurally intact chitin films were successfully extracted from the dorsal pronotum and the wing of cockroach. Despite using the same extraction procedure, important differenc ...
... The biology of the widely occurring but poorly known terrestrial snail Allopeas gracile (Hutton, 1834) (Gastropoda: Subulinidae) was determined, emphasizing food relationships. Isolated snails reproduced without cross fertilization. These snails deposited small clusters of eggs (3–7 per d) totaling about 20 per mo once oviposition commenced (after about 50 d). The snails grew rapidly for 50 d, att ...
... The relationship between body length and biomass (dry weight) was investigated for nineteen taxa of terres trail arthropods and for the combined sample that included all insect taxa. The specimens were collected from forests of Bicholim taluk of Goa. Four models were evaluated, a linear function, a logarithmic function, a power function and an exponential function. The linear function best describ ...
... The tachykinin-related peptides (TRPs) are multifunctional neuropeptides found in a variety of arthropod species, including the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphidae). Two new biostable TRP analogs containing multiple, sterically hindered Aib residues were synthesized and found to exhibit significantly enhanced resistance to hydrolysis by angiotensin converting enzyme and neprilysin, m ...
Blattodea; new species; Brazil; French Guiana; Guyana; Suriname; Venezuela
Abstract:
... Here we provide a checklist of cockroach species known from areas within the Guiana Shield based on literature records and new field collection. We give records of sixteen species collected in Guyana, eight of which are new records for Guyana and one of which is a new generic record for the entire Guiana Shield. We also provide a description for a geographically disparate species of Calhypnorna St ...
insectivores; energy content; diet; invertebrates; energy intake; microhabitats; feces; Metatheria; captive animals; predation; foraging; Blattodea; Australia
Abstract:
... There is a strong positive correlation between the body sizes of dasyurid marsupials and the mean sizes of the invertebrate prey. This study tests three hypotheses proposed to explain this relationship, using 21 species of dasyurids (body mass range: 5–200 g) throughout continental Australia: (1) the maximum prey size that can be physically handled increases with dasyurid size due to the restricte ...
Anyphaenidae; Blattodea; Evaniidae; Senegalia; eggs; fruits; hosts; parasitism; parasitoids; Brazil
Abstract:
... This study reports possible parasitism of the spider Teudis sp. Pickard- Cambridge (Araneae: Anyphaenidae) by the parasitoid Semaeomyia sp. Bradley (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) as a parasitoid. In Oct 2016, we collected fruits of the Senegalia tenuifolia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) that previously were bagged with voile fabric, at the campus of the Federal University of Lavras, at Lavras, Minas Gerais, so ...
... The objectives of this study were to characterize the resistance of Blattella germanica (L.) to deltamethrin and chlorpyrifos and to evaluate their cross-resistance relationships to fipronil. The isolation of resistance was done under laboratory conditions from field-collected populations. Three cycles of selection pressure with deltamethrin and chlorpyrifos were conducted to obtain the Deltamethr ...
... Carboxylamidase activity in larvae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), was studied using p-nitroacetanilide as a model substrate. Enzyme activity was found in all tissues examined, with the midgut exhibiting the highest specific activity. Of the midgut subcellular fractions, the microsomal fraction contained the highest specific activity. The apparent K(m) value for the enzy ...
... Evidence of repellent properties in catnip, Nepeta cataria L., to flies and cockroaches was observed in preliminary studies. This study compared catnip essential oil from steam distillation and elemol, a major constituent of osage orange essential oil, to current commercial repellents. These comparative studies found both the catnip steam distillate and elemol to be as good, and in some cases bett ...
... Cytochrome b₅ (Cyt-b₅) is a small heme protein and known to be involved in a wide range of biochemical transformations, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP)-mediated metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds. Studies on Cyt-b₅ are more concentrated in mammals, but are relatively rare in insects. The characteristics and function of Cyt-b₅ from Locusta migratoria have not been descri ...
... Spirochetes of the genus Treponema are surprisingly abundant in termite guts, where they play an important role in reductive acetogenesis. Although they occur in all termites investigated, their evolutionary origin is obscure. Here, we isolated the first representative of ‘termite gut treponemes’ from cockroaches, the closest relatives of termites. Phylogenomic analysis revealed that Breznakiella ...
... The present study was conducted with an objective to isolate and screen bacteria with dual characteristics of cellulase and keratinase production from soil of feather dumping site and from the gut of cockroaches which inhabit these sites. By using standard microbiological protocols and techniques, 13 bacteria (K1–K13) were isolated from soil samples and 18 isolates from cockroach gut (K14–K31), an ...
... Globitermes sulphureus is a major pest in coconut plantations and also a secondary pest in the urban, suburban and rural areas of building structures, as well as in tropical agriculture areas. Although the literature revealed microbiome in termite guts, the bacterial community in G. sulphureus intestinal tracts remain largely unidentified. Here, we aimed to characterize the bacterial community ass ...
... Two novel toxins, Lqh6 and Lqh7, isolated from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus, have in their sequence a molecular signature (8Q/KPE10) associated with a recently defined group of αâtoxins that target Na channels, namely the αâlike toxins [reviewed in Gordon, D., Savarin, P., Gurevitz, M. & ZinnâJustin, S. (1998) J. Toxicol. Toxin Rev. 17, 131â159]. Lqh6 and Lq ...
... Termites are social insects of economic importance that have a worldwide distribution. Identifying termite species has traditionally relied on morphometric characters. Recently, several mitochondrial genes have been used as genetic markers to determine the correlation between different species. Heavy metal accumulation causes serious health problems in humans and animals. Being involved in the foo ...
... Scorpion α-toxins bind at the pharmacologically-defined site-3 on the sodium channel and inhibit channel inactivation by preventing the outward movement of the voltage sensor in domain IV (IVS4), whereas scorpion β-toxins bind at site-4 on the sodium channel and enhance channel activation by trapping the voltage sensor of domain II (IIS4) in its outward position. However, limited information is av ...
... Checklists of species of organisms from defined localities have aided scientists who seek to establish new taxon records therein. This work was carried out to update information on the Checklists of Nigerian Termites published about four decades ago and to reconcile information on richness and diversity of Nigerian termites. Taxonomy-related articles published on Nigerian termites were collated, r ...
... This paper reviews the current state of knowledge about Blattaria for Colombia. Generalities on the suborder are presented and the species present in Colombia are catalogued. This study was made based on the literature and analysis of the various Colombian collections. The species listing obtained is made up of four families with 15 subfamilies, 62 genera and 133 species that account for 3.1% of t ...
... An ability to recognise and discriminate between group and non-group members is essential for most group-living species. Several different sensory modalities may be utilised for social recognition, the most notable of which is olfaction. Among insects, members of the order Blattodea (cockroaches, termites) exhibit a diverse range of social systems and provide an excellent model for examining the r ...
Acromyrmex octospinosus; Atta colombica; Blattodea; aggression; ant colonies; chemical substances; foraging; fungi; hosts; leaf-cutting ants; models; nestmate recognition; nests; worker ants
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Cockroaches of the genus Attaphila regularly occur in leaf-cutting ant colonies. The ants farm a fungus that the cockroaches also appear to feed on. Cockroaches disperse between colonies horizontally (via foraging trails) and vertically (attached to queens on their mating flights). We analysed the chemical strategies used by the cockroaches to integrate into colonies of Atta colombica ...
Kyung Hwa Jung; Shao-I Hsu; Beizhan Yan; Kathleen Moors; Steven N. Chillrud; James Ross; Shuang Wang; Matthew S. Perzanowski; Patrick L. Kinney; Robin M. Whyatt; Frederica P. Perera; Rachel L. Miller
... BACKGROUND: While exposures to urban fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) and soot-black carbon (soot-BC) have been associated with asthma exacerbations, there is limited evidence on whether these pollutants are associated with the new development of asthma or allergy among young inner city children. We hypothesized that childhood exposure to PM₂.₅ and the soot-BC component would be associated with the ...
... Insect endosymbiont genomes reflect massive gene loss. Two Blattabacterium genomes display colinearity and similar gene contents, despite high orthologous gene divergence, reflecting over 140 million years of independent evolution in separate cockroach lineages. We speculate that distant homologs may replace the functions of some eliminated genes through broadened substrate specificity. ...
... Recent developments in sequencing technology have given rise to a large number of studies that assess bacterial diversity and community structure in termite and cockroach guts based on large amplicon libraries of 16S rRNA genes. Although these studies have revealed important ecological and evolutionary patterns in the gut microbiota, classification of the short sequence reads is limited by the tax ...
M. Angeles López-Matas; Victor Iraola; Raquel Moya; Lisa D. Vailes; Anna Pomés; Manuel Boquete; Enrique Fernández-Caldas; L.G. Arlian; Martin Chapman; Jerónimo Carnés
... Tropomyosin is a pan-allergen that shares a high homology among species. It is involved in cross-reactivity among mites, crustaceans, mollusks and insects. The objectives were to express and purify recombinant tropomyosin from the storage mite Chortoglyphus arcuatus, and to investigate the homology and cross-reactivity with tropomyosin from other invertebrates.Recombinant C. arcuatus tropomyosin ( ...
... A cDNA expression library constructed from poly (A)+ RNA prepared from vitellogenic female fat body cells of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (Dictyoptera) was screened using a polyclonal antiserum against the 100-kD polypeptide(s) from the egg extract. A partial Vg cDNA clone was obtained and sequenced. The 5' end portion of the cDNA was then obtained by the RACE method, cloned, and ...
... Cockroaches are among the very few organisms allowing study of quantitative changes of intraspecific variability over time. The variability studied here within three Mesozoic and one living species shown independence (R² = 0.003–0.093) of forewing areas (CVs 10.96–18.02) on number of veins of corresponding individuals (CVs = 6.83–7.80). In contrast, the average number of veins among studied specie ...
Blattodea; insect morphology; insect taxonomy; male genitalia; new species; taxon descriptions; taxonomic keys; zoological illustration
Abstract:
... The male genital sclerites of cockroaches of genus Muzoa Hebard 1921 are described for first time and the new species Muzoa curtalata sp. n. is described and ilustrated. A dichotomous key to identify the species of genus Muzoa is given. ...
... New Zealand has extensive alpine and subalpine habitats where, together with some lowland sites, insects are exposed to subzero temperatures. Studies of cold tolerance in New Zealand insects have centred on an alpine weta (Hemideina maori), which is the world's largest freezing tolerant insect, and an alpine cockroach (Celatoblatta quinquemaculata). Both of these insects are moderately freezing to ...
... Termites are major pests of houses and buildings, and also living plants such as agricultural crops, trees in forests, urban areas and gardens. However, in Japan, the basic ecology of termites nesting in living trees is not fully understood. In this study, we observed 255 colonies (nests) of the drywood termite Neotermes sugioi, collected in the field on Okinawa Island, and reported the frequency ...
... Low birth weight (LBW) remains a major public health problem worldwide, yet its crucial environmental risk factors are still unclear.To examine the association between LBW (term and preterm LBW) and prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and home environmental factors as well as their combination, in order to identify critical time window for exposure and key outdoor and indoor factors in LBW ...
Camilla S. Almeida; Paulo F. Cristaldo; Daniela F. Florencio; Nayara G. Cruz; Abraão A. Santos; Alexandre P. Oliveira; Alisson S. Santana; Efrem J.M. Ribeiro; Ana P.S. Lima; Leandro Bacci; Ana P.A. Araújo
Blattodea; Nasutitermes; animals; field experimentation; foraging; laboratory experimentation; nests; walking
Abstract:
... A range of behavioural strategies and sensory abilities allows animals to minimize costs involved in food search. By building a network of tunnels and presenting a large number of soldiers (i.e., trophically dependent individuals), Nasutitermes spp. termites feature behaviours that imply additional costs during this process. Here we evaluated N. aff. coxipoensis foraging strategies focusing on the ...
Blattodea; ambient temperature; cats; cities; cleaning; climatic zones; common cold; day care centers; dogs; particulates; pets; preschool children; questionnaires; rats; risk factors; winter; China
Abstract:
... There is some evidence that dampness, mould and cockroaches can increase the risk of respiratory infections in children but few studies exist from China on this topic.AimTo study associations between domestic early life exposure to biological indoor factors (dampness, mould, cats, dogs, rats, cockroaches), cleaning habits and common cold among pre-school children across China.Children aged 3–6year ...
animals; muscles; magnetic materials; posture; walking; legs; thorax; Blattodea
Abstract:
... We studied the mechanisms underlying support of body load in posture and walking in serially homologous legs of cockroaches. Activities of the trochanteral extensor muscle in the front or middle legs were recorded neurographically while animals were videotaped. Body load was increased via magnets attached to the thorax and varied through a coil below the substrate. In posture, tonic firing of the ...
... This study evaluated the impact of a non-repellent liquid termiticide (fipronil) and a chitin synthesis inhibitor (CSI) termite bait (noviflumuron) on whole colonies of Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) (Blattodea: Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in laboratory conditions, over a 12-m foraging distance. The protocol simulated the implementation of remedial treatment of an infested structure, where the colon ...
Ni’matuzahroh; Moch. Affandi; Fatimah; Nastiti Trikurniadewi; Ana Mariatul Khiftiyah; Silvia Kurnia Sari; Achmad Zainal Abidin; Syahriar Nur Maulana Malik Ibrahim
... Household composter is one of the fragmented habitats, which still ensures the survival of many animals, especially decomposer fauna. The components of organic matter in the composter are complex, thus providing opportunities for obtaining high diversity of decomposer fauna. The ability of decomposer fauna to break down organic matter may be supported by their gut microbiota. In this study, we com ...
... Two invasive subterranean termite species, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki and Coptotermes gestroi Wasmann (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae), established in South Florida have the potential to hybridize owing to their sympatric distribution, overlapping dispersal flight seasons, and interspecies mating behavior. This study examined the effects of temperature on survivorship and wood-consumption rate (WC ...
interspecific variation; spatial distribution; Blattodea; social behavior; population density; larvae; group effect; adults
Abstract:
... Insects observed in groups in nature may be gathered either by attractants from the environment or by conspecifics. Field distribution data alone are thus insufficient to assess congregation by conspecifics and complementary laboratory tests of spacing patterns are required. Such tests were performed in four species of Zetoborinae (Insecta, Blattaria), for which field studies showed differences in ...
... Among the various animal taxa that are have established outside their native ranges, invasions by insect species are the most numerous worldwide. In order to better understand the characteristics of insect species that make them more invasion prone, the characteristics of habitats that make them more susceptible to invasions and to understand the pathways that facilitate invasions, we compared the ...
... Here we announce the complete genome sequence of the coenzyme B12-producing enteric bacterium Shimwellia blattae (formerly Escherichia blattae). The genome consists of a single chromosome (4,158,636 bp). The genome size is smaller than that of most other enteric bacteria. Genome comparison revealed significant differences from the Escherichia coli genome. ...
... The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Periplaneta brunnea was sequenced in this study and used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship of Blattodea. The circular mitogenome was 15,604 bp long and exhibited typical gene organization and order, consistent with other sequenced Periplaneta mitogenomes. The initiation codon of the P. brunnea COX1 gene was unusual in that no typical ATN ...
... Effective active ingredients in toxicant bait formulations must be non-deterrent to insect feeding behavior at lethal concentrations. This study evaluated feeding deterrence for Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, C. gestroi (Wasmann), and Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) when provided access to cellulose impregnated with various concentrations of the insect molting hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). ...
... The effects of contamination of insecticidal bait formulations, by using mint oil and silica aerogel, were evaluated in a series of laboratory experiments against the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). Bait consumption at 3 d for uncontaminated baits ranged from 0.01 g for Avert dust to 0.399 g for Combat dry bait with hydramethylnon presented in a station. LT50 values for uncontaminated ...
... Mantids (Insecta, Mantodea) are a monophyletic group of insects in the Dictyoptera clade. The group has not been well studied for Mexico, and its diversity and biogeographical patterns are not well documented. In this work, specimens were collected in the field, mounted, and identified using morphological and molecular characteristics. A taxonomic list, photographs, and an identification key are p ...
Blattodea; new taxa; scientific illustration; taxon descriptions; China
Abstract:
... New findings on Chinese Corydiinae are presented and new taxa are described and illustrated: Ctenoblatta impubis gen. and sp. nov., Minicorydia maoxiana gen. and sp. nov. and Ergaula nepalensis (Saussure) is newly recorded from China. The occurrence of two species of Polyphaga Brullé, P. plancyi Bolívar and P. obscura Chopard, in China are confirmed. A key to Chinese Corydiinae genera is provided ...
Blattodea; Coptotermes formosanus; biogeography; California; China; Florida; Israel
Abstract:
... The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, 1909, is a highly destructive structural pest endemic to East Asia. We report a land-based establishment of C. formosanus in Petah Tikva, Israel, over 6000 km from its nearest previous locality in China. The species’ identity was confirmed by soldier morphology and by COI sequence data. In addition, a population discovered in 1992 ...
... In addition to being a structural pest, the Asian subterranean termite, Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) (Blattodea [Isoptera]: Rhinotermitidae), appears to be a serious pest of the native urban tree canopy of southeastern Florida. Asian subterranean termite colonies have the ability to cause feeding damage to a wide range of trees comprising the urban canopy, some potentially to a lethal level. Slas ...
Blattella germanica; application timing; insect pests; baits; insecticides; pesticide application; pest monitoring; cost analysis; insect growth regulators; population density; integrated pest management; sticky traps; cost effectiveness; insect control; cleaning; pesticide formulations; spraying; public housing; Virginia
Abstract:
... The long-term costs and efficacy of two treatment methodologies for German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), control were compared in the public housing environment. The "traditional" treatment for German cockroaches consisted of monthly baseboard and crack and crevice treatment (TBCC) by using spray and dust formulation insecticides. The integrated pest management treatment (IPM) involved init ...
... Congeneric species that live in sympatry may have evolved various mechanisms that maintain reproductive isolation among species. However, with the spread of invasive organisms owing to increased global human activity, some species that evolved in allopatry can now be found outside their native range and may have the opportunity to interact, in the absence of mechanisms for reproductive isolation. ...
... Termites are dominant organisms of tropical ecosystems. Their success is partly due to the diversity of their feeding substrates, from dead plant tissues to mineralised soils. The Apicotermitinae is one of the richest subfamilies of soil-feeding termites, which are traditionally classified in feeding groups according to anatomical criteria, deemed to the reveal whether species feed on organic-rich ...
... Survey and surveillance were carried out since 2004 to study the biological control agents of insect-pests of Indian jujube (ber) in the Punjab (North-Western India). Roving surveys were conducted in the three agro-climatic zones of the state i.e., South Western arid zone, central plain zone and sub-montaneous zone along with fixed plot surveys in the New Orchard of Punjab Agricultural University ...
... This study compared percentage of total body water (%TBW), water loss rate under desiccative conditions, and cuticular permeability (CP) of four termite species (Order: Blattodea, Infraorder: Isoptera) from different habitats, including one subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae), one dampwood termite, Neotermes jouteli (Banks) (Blattodea: Kalotermitidae), ...
... Together with sickle (skl), the Drosophila paralogs reaper (rpr), head involution defective (hid), and grim (RHG) control a critical switch in the induction of programmed cell death. RHG homologs have been identified in other dipteran and lepidopteran species but not beyond. Revisiting this issue with a “taxon hopping” BLAST search strategy in current genome and transcriptome resources, I detected ...