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1. Co-exposure of sulfur nanoparticles and Cu alleviate Cu stress and toxicity to oilseed rape Brassica napus L.

Author:
Haiyan Yuan; Qingquan Liu; Jiahao Fu; Yinjie Wang; Yongxia Zhang; Yuming Sun; Haiying Tong; Om Parkash Dhankher
Source:
Journal of environmental sciences (China) 2023 v.124 pp. 319-329
ISSN:
1001-0742
Subject:
Brassica napus; ascorbate peroxidase; catalase; glutathione transferase; glutathione-disulfide reductase; heavy metals; lipids; malondialdehyde; peroxidase; phytotoxicity; plant growth; sulfates; sulfur; superoxide dismutase; sustainable technology; China
Abstract:
... Experiments were performed to explore the impact of sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) on growth, Cu accumulation, and physiological and biochemical responses of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) inoculated with 5 mg/L Cu-amended MS medium supplemented with or without 300 mg/L SNPs exposure. Cu exerted severe phytotoxicity and inhibited plant growth. SNPs application enhanced the shoot height, root length ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jes.2021.09.040

2. A Verticillium longisporum pleiotropic drug transporter determines tolerance to the plant host β‐pinene monoterpene

Author:
Vahideh Rafiei; Alessandra Ruffino; Kristian Persson Hodén; Anna Tornkvist; Raimondas Mozuraitis; Mukesh Dubey; Georgios Tzelepis
Source:
Molecular plant pathology 2022 v.23 no.2 pp. 291-303
ISSN:
1464-6722
Subject:
Brassica napus; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Verticillium dahliae; Verticillium longisporum; camphene; carene; drugs; genes; host plants; plant pathology; rhizosphere; secondary metabolites; tomatoes; toxicity; transcriptomics; virulence
Abstract:
... Terpenes constitute a major part of secondary metabolites secreted by plants in the rhizosphere. However, their specific functions in fungal–plant interactions have not been investigated thoroughly. In this study we investigated the role of monoterpenes in interactions between oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and the soilborne pathogen Verticillium longisporum. We identified seven monoterpenes produc ...
DOI:
10.1111/mpp.13162

3. A backlight and deep learning based method for calculating the number of seeds per silique

Author:
Yuanyuan Zhao; Wei Wu; Yuzhuang Zhou; Bo Zhu; Tianle Yang; Zhaosheng Yao; Chengxin Ju; Chengming Sun; Tao Liu
Source:
Biosystems engineering 2022 v.213 pp. 182-194
ISSN:
1537-5110
Subject:
light intensity; oils; rapeseed; siliques
Abstract:
... Rapeseed is one of the most important oil crops in the world, and the rapeseed yield is increasing every year. The number of seeds per silique is one of the critical factors in the rapeseed yield. Studies that examine the number of seeds per silique have an important influence on the rapeseed yield measurement and the breeding of high-yield rapeseed varieties. Image-analysis-based seed counting me ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.11.014

4. A hybrid CNN–SVM classifier for weed recognition in winter rape field

Author:
Tao Tao; Xinhua Wei
Source:
Plant methods 2022 v.18 no.1 pp. 29
ISSN:
1746-4811
Subject:
Brassica napus; color; hybrids; mixed cropping; neural networks; sowing; support vector machines; texture; weeds
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Weed recognition is key for automatic weeding, which is a challenging problem. Weed recognition is mainly based on different features of crop images. The extracted image features mainly include color, texture, shape, etc. The designed features depend on manual work, which is blind to some extent. Meanwhile these features have poor generalization performance on a sample set. The final d ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13007-022-00869-z

5. A major yellow-seed QTL on chromosome A09 significantly increases the oil content and reduces the fiber content of seed in Brassica napus

Author:
Hongbo Chao; Liangxing Guo; Weiguo Zhao; Huaixin Li; Maoteng Li
Source:
Theoretical and applied genetics 2022 v.135 no.4 pp. 1293-1305
ISSN:
0040-5752
Subject:
Brassica napus; alleles; chromosomes; doubled haploids; fiber content; hybridization; lipid content; oils; phenotypic variation; polyphenols; rapeseed; seed color; seed quality
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE: A major yellow-seed QTL on chromosome A09 significantly increases the oil content and reduces the fiber content of seed in Brassica napus. The yellow-seed trait (YST) has always been a main breeding objective for rapeseed because yellow-seeded B. napus generally contains higher oil contents, fewer pigments and polyphenols and lower fiber content than black-seeded B. napus, although th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00122-022-04031-0

6. A trophic cascade causes unexpected ecological interactions across the aquatic–terrestrial interface under extreme weather

Author:
Björn K. Klatt; Bethany Pudifoot; Pablo Urrutia‐Cordero; Henrik G. Smith; Christian M. Alsterberg
Source:
Oikos 2022 v.2022 no.5 pp. e09047
ISSN:
0030-1299
Subject:
Bombus; Brassica napus; Cyanobacteria; algae; aquatic environment; climate change; drought; ecosystem services; field experimentation; fish; heat; phytoplankton; pollination; predation; reproductive success; terrestrial ecosystems; toxicity; water quality; zooplankton
Abstract:
... Trophic cascades in the aquatic environment constitute important mechanisms for improving water quality. However, how the presence or non‐presence of these trophic cascades may affect interactions across the aquatic–terrestrial interface remains poorly investigated. Pollinators such as bees may be especially vulnerable to changes in water resource quality induced by trophic cascades. Understanding ...
DOI:
10.1111/oik.09047

7. Aging features of metal(loid)s in biochar-amended soil: Effects of biochar type and aging method

Author:
Xiaodong Yang; Liuwei Wang; Jiameng Guo; Huixia Wang; Ondřej Mašek; Hailong Wang; Nanthi S. Bolan; Daniel S. Alessi; Deyi Hou
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.815 pp. 152922
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Brassica napus; biochar; climate; cluster analysis; dissolved organic carbon; environment; feedstocks; food security; freeze-thaw cycles; oxidation; pyrolysis; remediation; rice hulls; sewage sludge; softwood; soil pollution; soil quality; temperature; toxicity; wheat straw
Abstract:
... Soil contamination with toxic metals and metalloids has become a major threat to global food security. Among various immobilization agents that can stabilize toxic metal(loid)s effectively, biochar is promising due to its ability to restore soil health. Yet the aging characteristics of biochar following its amendment in soil remain poorly explored. Therefore, this study used standard biochars to d ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152922

8. Alternative combinations of tillage practices and crop rotations can foster earthworm density and bioturbation

Author:
Kaisa A. Torppa; Astrid R. Taylor
Source:
Applied soil ecology 2022 v.175 pp. 104460
ISSN:
0929-1393
Subject:
Brassica napus; barley; bioturbation; community structure; conventional tillage; crop rotation; earthworms; intensive farming; long term experiments; soil; soil ecology; wheat
Abstract:
... Earthworms, which contribute to important soil functions, suffer from intensive agriculture. Their response depends among other things on the earthworm ecological group (anecic, endogeic, epigeic) and the combination of the applied farming practices. To advice on methodological adaptations that enhance earthworm-mediated soil functions, effects of different practices on earthworms need to be studi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apsoil.2022.104460

9. Analysis of Lhcb gene family in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) identifies a novel member “BnLhcb3.4” modulating cold tolerance

Author:
Yi Zhang; Ali Raza; He Huang; Wei Su; Dan Luo; Liu Zeng; Xiaoyu Ding; Yong Cheng; Zhaofeng Liu; Quanan Li; Yan Lv; Xiling Zou
Source:
Environmental and experimental botany 2022 v.198 pp. 104848
ISSN:
0098-8472
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Brassica napus; abscisic acid; chlorophyll; chloroplasts; cold stress; cold tolerance; cultivars; genes; photosynthesis; rapeseed
Abstract:
... The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins (Lhcb) constitute the antenna system of the photosynthetic apparatus that has an essential function in photosynthesis and modulating stress responsiveness. In this study, we identified 35 Lhcb genes (BnLhcbs) in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genome, which were clustered into 8 groups. The BnLhcb genes were distributed on 15 chromosomes of ra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2022.104848

10. Antioxidant Response and Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases Involvement in Canola (Brassica napus L.) Tolerance to Drought

Author:
Hossein Ahmadi; Alireza Abbasi; Alireza Taleei; Valiollah Mohammadi; José J. Pueyo
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Brassica napus; agronomy; antioxidant activity; canola; canopy; catalase; cultivars; drought; drought tolerance; electrolyte leakage; gene expression regulation; genetic transformation; leaf relative water content; lipid peroxidation; oil crops; peroxidase; photosystem II; protein kinases; superoxide dismutase; temperature; water stress
Abstract:
... Canola is an important temperate oil crop that can be severely affected by drought. Understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in canola tolerance to water deficit is essential to obtain drought-tolerant productive cultivars. To investigate the role of antioxidant response and the possible involvement of calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) in canola tolerance to drough ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12010125

11. Application timing of herbicides, glyphosate and atrazine, sway respective epidemics of foliar pathogens in herbicide‐tolerant rapeseed

Author:
Tamsal Murtza; Ming Pei You; Martin J. Barbetti
Source:
Plant pathology 2022 v.71 no.3 pp. 507-522
ISSN:
0032-0862
Subject:
Alternaria brassicae; Brassica napus; atrazine; cultivars; disease incidence; downy mildew; glyphosate; glyphosate resistance; herbicide application; leaf spot; leaves; pathogens; plant pathology; rapeseed; Australia
Abstract:
... Rapeseed (Brassica napus) production in Australia relies heavily on triazine‐or glyphosate‐tolerant cultivars. For 14 triazine‐tolerant cultivars, disease development of Neopseudocercosporella capsellae (white leaf spot), Alternaria brassicae and A. japonica (Alternaria leaf spot), and Hyaloperonospora brassicae (downy mildew) were all dependent upon herbicide application timing (p < 0.001), with ...
DOI:
10.1111/ppa.13483

12. Arabidopsis Growth-Promotion and Root Architecture Responses to the Beneficial Rhizobacterium Phyllobacterium brassicacearum Strain STM196 Are Independent of the Nitrate Assimilatory Pathway

Author:
Maya Kechid; Guilhem Desbrosses; Lydia Gamet; Loren Castaings; Fabrice Varoquaux; Abdelhamid Djekoun; Bruno Touraine
Source:
Plants 2022 v.11 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Brassica napus; Phyllobacterium; Rhizobium; biomass production; genes; growth promotion; metabolism; nitrate reductase; nitrates; nitrogen; nutrition; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria
Abstract:
... Phyllobacterium brassicacearum STM196, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium isolated from roots of oilseed rape, stimulates Arabidopsis growth. We have previously shown that the NRT2.5 and NRT2.6 genes are required for this growth promotion response. Since these genes are members of the NRT2 family of nitrate transporters, the nitrogen assimilatory pathway could be involved in growth promotion ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants11010128

13. Artificial field defects: A low-cost measure to support arthropod diversity in arable fields

Author:
Michal Knapp; Ezequiel González; Martin Štrobl; Miroslav Seidl; Lada Jakubíková; Oldřich Čížek; Ondřej Balvín; Daniel Benda; Tiit Teder; Tomáš Kadlec
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2022 v.325 pp. 107748
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
Brassica napus; agri-environmental policy; agriculture; butterflies; edge effects; environment; intensive farming; landscapes; species richness; spiders; vegetation
Abstract:
... Biodiversity is rapidly declining worldwide, with agricultural intensification being among the main drivers of this process. Effective conservation measures in agricultural landscapes are therefore urgently needed. Here we introduce a novel low-cost conservation measure called artificial field defects, i.e., areas where crop is not sown and spontaneous vegetation grows. To evaluate their biodivers ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2021.107748

14. Artificial temporary non-crop habitats support parasitoids on arable land

Author:
Ezequiel González; Martin Štrobl; Petr Janšta; Tomáš Hovorka; Tomáš Kadlec; Michal Knapp
Source:
Biological conservation 2022 v.265 pp. 109409
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
Brassica napus; Hymenoptera; Onobrychis; arable soils; ecosystems; flowers; morphospecies; oilseeds; parasitoids; pest control; species richness
Abstract:
... Non-crop habitats are important to support biodiversity and ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. Whereas perennial and managed non-crop habitats have known benefits, temporary non-crop patches within arable fields (field defects) have been poorly studied. We created artificial field defects (unsown patches) in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) fields and evaluated their effects on parasit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109409

15. Bacterial diversity rather than available Cd is the main driver of exoenzyme activity and stoichiometry after soil amendments in mildly contaminated soil

Author:
Xinqi Wang; Xiuwen Wu; Beibei Zhang; Zhuoqing Li; Huihui Du; Boqing Tie; Ming Lei
Source:
Journal of soils and sediments 2022 v.22 no.2 pp. 443-456
ISSN:
1439-0108
Subject:
Acidobacteria; Brassica napus; acid phosphatase; agricultural soils; biochar; cadmium; community structure; extracellular enzymes; leucyl aminopeptidase; microbial biomass; microbial communities; nitrogen; phosphorus; plant nutrition; polluted soils; proteinases; rapeseed; remediation; soil ecosystems; soil organic carbon; soil pH; soil quality; stoichiometry; total nitrogen; urease
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: Microbial exoenzyme activity (EEA) and stoichiometry (EES) are of great significance to soil health through their influence on carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycling. However, when agricultural soil is contaminated by cadmium (Cd), the underlying mechanisms and effects on EEA and EES are still poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Here, we examine the effect of different ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11368-021-03085-9

16. Biochar alters chemical and microbial properties of microplastic-contaminated soil

Author:
Kumuduni Niroshika Palansooriya; Mee Kyung Sang; Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana; Ming Zhang; Deyi Hou; Patryk Oleszczuk; Jwakyung Sung; Yong Sik Ok
Source:
Environmental research 2022 v.209 pp. 112807
ISSN:
0013-9351
Subject:
Actinobacteria; Brassica napus; Dictyoglomi; Firmicutes; Gemmatimonadetes; Proteobacteria; acid phosphatase; bacterial communities; biochar; biodiversity; drought; electrical conductivity; feedstocks; fluorescein diacetate; microplastics; phosphorus; polyethylene; pyrolysis; research; softwood; soil amendments; soil enzymes; soil pH; soil quality; straw; temperature; urease
Abstract:
... The occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in soils can negatively affect soil biodiversity and function. Soil amendments applied to MP-contaminated soil can alter the overall soil properties and enhance its functions and processes. However, little is known about how soil amendments improve the quality of MP-contaminated soils. Thus, the present study used a microcosm experiment to explore the potentia ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envres.2022.112807

17. Biodegradation of nitriles derived from glucosinolates in rapeseed meal by BnNIT2: a nitrilase from Brassica napus with wide substrate specificity

Author:
Heng Zhang; Honghai Zhang; Xing Qin; Xiaolu Wang; Yuan Wang; Tao Tu; Yaru Wang; Bin Yao; Huoqing Huang; Huiying Luo
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2022 v.106 no.7 pp. 2445-2454
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Brassica napus; animals; biodegradation; biotechnology; glucosinolates; liver; microbiology; mutagenesis; mutants; nitrilase; nitriles; pH; rapeseed meal; substrate specificity; temperature; thermal stability; toxicity
Abstract:
... Nitriles derived from glucosinolates (GSLs) in rapeseed meal (RSM) can cause lesions on animal liver and kidneys. Nitrilase converts nitriles to carboxylic acids and NH₃, eliminating their toxicity. Here we describe a nitrilase, BnNIT2, from Brassica napus (optimal temperature, 45 °C; pH, 7.0) that is stable at 40 °C and has a wide substrate specificity. Recombinant BnNIT2 converted the three main ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-022-11844-y

18. Biofuels or not biofuels? The “Nexus Thinking” in land suitability analysis for energy crops

Author:
Mauro Viccaro; Donatella Caniani; Salvatore Masi; Severino Romano; Mario Cozzi
Source:
Renewable energy 2022 v.187 pp. 1050-1064
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
Brassica napus; Cynara cardunculus; biofuels; cardoons; case studies; climate change; energy; irrigation water; land suitability; models; multi-criteria decision making; rapeseed; resource management; rural development; spatial data; water use efficiency; Italy
Abstract:
... Biofuels play a key role in the decarbonization process of the transport sector contributing to climate change mitigation, energy security and rural development. However, the competition between energy and food in the use of resources, such as land, water and energy input, requires a robust and integrated methodological framework to promote a holistic sustainable resource management. Here, we prop ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2022.02.008

19. Biological control agents against the cabbage stem flea beetle in oilseed rape crops

Author:
Claire Hoarau; Heather Campbell; Gillian Prince; Dave Chandler; Tom Pope
Source:
Biological control 2022 v.167 pp. 104844
ISSN:
1049-9644
Subject:
Beauveria bassiana; Brassica napus; European Union; Metarhizium anisopliae; Microctonus; Phyllotreta cruciferae; Phyllotreta striolata; Psylliodes chrysocephala; Steinernema carpocapsae; Steinernema feltiae; Trechus quadristriatus; biological control; cabbage; cultural control; endophytes; entomopathogenic nematodes; integrated pest management; mortality; neonicotinoid insecticides; parasitoids; pyrethrins; Europe
Abstract:
... The cabbage stem flea beetle (CSFB¹1CSFB: cabbage stem flea beetle.) Psylliodes chrysocephala Linnaeus is the most important pest of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) crops in Europe. Control has become more difficult since the European Union ban in 2013 on the use of neonicotinoid seed treatments. This situation is made more challenging by the development of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocontrol.2022.104844

20. Bio‐tillage improves soil physical properties and maize growth in a compacted Vertisol by cover crops

Author:
Zhongbin Zhang; Lei Yan; Yuekai Wang; Renjie Ruan; Peng Xiong; Xinhua Peng
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2022 v.86 no.2 pp. 324-337
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Brassica napus; Medicago sativa; Raphanus sativus; Vertisols; Vicia villosa; Zea mays; air; alfalfa; biomass; bulk density; compacted soils; corn; cover crops; permeability; radishes; soil compaction; soil density; volumetric water content; water potential
Abstract:
... Bio‐tillage has recently been proposed as a measure to alleviate soil compaction through biopores created by cover crop roots. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different cover crops on soil physical properties and the succeeding maize (Zea mays L.) growth in compacted soil. Four treatments, including no cover crop as a control (Con), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), oilseed ...
DOI:
10.1002/saj2.20368