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1. A Rapid GC-FID Method for the Determination of Fatty Acids in Walnut Oils and Their Use as Markers in Authenticity Studies

Author:
Natasa P. Kalogiouri; Natalia Manousi; Ioannis Mourtzinos; Erwin Rosenberg; George A. Zachariadis
Source:
Food analytical methods 2022 v.15 no.3 pp. 761-771
ISSN:
1936-9751
Subject:
alkaline hydrolysis; derivatization; fatty acid composition; flame ionization; linoleic acid; linolenic acid; methylation; oleic acid; palmitic acid; principal component analysis; provenance; stearic acid; t-test; temperature; walnuts; Bulgaria; Greece
Abstract:
... The composition of walnut oils is affected by multiple factors including their variety, their geographical location, and the environmental factors. In this study, the fatty acid composition of walnut oils from Greece and Bulgaria was assessed by gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The derivatization process involved the use of 14% BF₃ after alkaline hydrolysis, and ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12161-021-02157-3

2. A detailed magnetic record of Pleistocene climate and distal ash dispersal during the last 800 kyrs - The Suhia Kladenetz quarry loess-paleosol sequence near Pleven (Bulgaria)

Author:
Diana Jordanova; Christian Laag; Neli Jordanova; France Lagroix; Bozhurka Georgieva; Daniel Ishlyamski; Yohan Guyodo
Source:
Global and planetary change 2022 v.214 pp. 103840
ISSN:
0921-8181
Subject:
Pleistocene epoch; climate; hematite; loess; maghemite; magnetic susceptibility; magnetism; magnetite; paleoecology; paleosolic soil types; quarries; tephra; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... Loess-paleosol sequences (LPS) from the Lower Danube area are valuable terrestrial archives of environmental change in SE Europe during the Pleistocene. A twenty-seven meters thick sequence has been sampled in Central North Bulgaria near the city of Pleven within the Suhia Kladenetz (SK) quarry. The sedimentary sequence consists of seven loess units and six interbedded paleosol complexes covering ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103840

3. A novel Pythagorean fuzzy-SWARA-TOPSIS framework for evaluating the EU progress towards sustainable energy development

Author:
Mahyar Kamali Saraji; Dalia Streimikiene; Remigijus Ciegis
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2022 v.194 no.1 pp. 42
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
European Union; affordability; energy; issues and policy; models; renewable energy sources; Bulgaria; Denmark; Luxembourg; Sweden
Abstract:
... Energy Union aims to provide clean, secure, and affordable energy for many customers leading societies towards sustainable energy development. Several criteria were introduced in this vein to evaluate the twenty-third EU countries’ progress towards energy union goals. The present study proposed and applied a SWARA-TOPSIS framework based on Pythagorean fuzzy sets to rank the EU members considering ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-021-09685-9

4. Agriculture export variety and the short and long run impact on agriculture export

Author:
Tudorel Andrei; Bogdan Oancea; Andreea Mirică
Source:
Zemědělská ekonomika v.68 no.4 pp. 137-145
ISSN:
0139-570X
Subject:
entropy; exports; Bulgaria; Romania
Abstract:
... In this paper, we investigated the extent to which the accession to the EU has had an effect on increasing the variety of exports of agri-food categories for two Eastern European countries, namely Romania and Bulgaria. We also assessed the impact of changes in the variety of exports of agri-food categories on the dynamics of the volume of exports of agri-food products for these two countries and u ...
DOI:
10.17221/37/2022-agricecon

5. An Automatic Procedure for Forest Fire Fuel Mapping Using Hyperspectral (PRISMA) Imagery: A Semi-Supervised Classification Approach

Author:
Riyaaz Uddien Shaik; Giovanni Laneve; Lorenzo Fusilli
Source:
Remote Sensing 2022 v.14 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
biomass; data collection; forest fires; humans; hyperspectral imagery; land cover; mountains; satellites; vegetation; Bulgaria; Italy; Sardinia
Abstract:
... Natural vegetation provides various benefits to human society, but also acts as fuel for wildfires. Therefore, mapping fuel types is necessary to prevent wildfires, and hyperspectral imagery has applications in multiple fields, including the mapping of wildfire fuel types. This paper presents an automatic semisupervised machine learning approach for discriminating between wildfire fuel types and a ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs14051264

6. Analysis of the Origin and Dissemination of HIV-1 Subtype C in Bulgaria

Author:
Ivailo Alexiev; Carla Mavian; Taylor Paisie; Massimo Ciccozzi; Reneta Dimitrova; Anna Gancheva; Asya Kostadinova; Carole Seguin-Devaux; Marco Salemi
Source:
Viruses 2022 v.14 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4915
Subject:
Bayesian theory; phylogeny; phylogeography; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... HIV-1 subtype C is the most abundant strain of HIV-1 infections worldwide and was found in the first known patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Bulgaria in 1986. However, there is limited information on the molecular-epidemiological characteristics of this strain in the epidemic of the country. In this study, we analyze the evolutionary history of the introduction and dissemination of HIV-1 subtype ...
DOI:
10.3390/v14020263

7. Analysis of the level of energy security in the three seas initiative countries

Author:
Magdalena Tutak; Jarosław Brodny
Source:
Applied energy 2022 v.311 pp. 118649
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
climate; descriptive statistics; economic policy; energy; energy policy; entropy; standard deviation; Austria; Bulgaria; Poland
Abstract:
... Ensuring energy security is one of the main objectives of the economic policy of the European Union (EU) and individual member states. This particularly concerns the new EU members, which, apart from Austria, form the Three Seas Initiative. One of the primary goals of this Initiative is to achieve energy independence while achieving climate neutrality. In order to diagnose the state of energy secu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.118649

8. Antimicrobial properties of Pediococcus acidilactici and Pediococcus pentosaceus isolated from silage

Author:
Joanna Ivy Irorita Fugaban; Jorge Enrique Vazquez Bucheli; Yu Jin Park; Dong Ho Suh; Eun Sung Jung; Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco; Iskra Vitanova Ivanova; Wilhelm Heinrich Holzapfel; Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov
Source:
Journal of applied microbiology 2022 v.132 no.1 pp. 311-330
ISSN:
1364-5072
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus niger; Cladosporium sphaerospermum; Enterococcus; Listeria monocytogenes; Pediococcus acidilactici; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Penicillium chrysogenum; Penicillium expansum; antifungal properties; bacteriocins; benzoic acid; farms; mechanism of action; metabolites; metabolomics; microbiology; silage; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... AIMS: The objective of this study was to isolate multifunctional bacteriocin‐producing strains; to characterize the expressed bacteriocin for the control of Listeria monocytogenes and vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus; to evaluate the safety of studied strains; and to explore their antifungal activity. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two Pediococcus strains were isolated from silage samples obtained from an ...
DOI:
10.1111/jam.15205

9. Antitumor and antimicrobial activity of fatty acids from green microalga Coelastrella sp. BGV

Author:
Tanya Toshkova-Yotova; Ani Georgieva; Ivan Iliev; Svetoslav Alexandrov; Albena Ivanova; Plamen Pilarski; Reneta Toshkova
Source:
South African journal of botany 2022 pp. -
ISSN:
0254-6299
Subject:
Candida albicans; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; antifungal properties; antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; botany; fatty acid composition; fluorescence microscopy; fungi; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; humans; linoleic acid; microalgae; neoplasms; oleic acid; palmitic acid; pathogens; polyunsaturated fatty acids; therapeutics; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... Green microalgae are a valuable source of biologically active substances with antitumor and antimicrobial effects. Coelastrella sp. BGV is a strain of green microalga isolated in Bulgaria. The aim of the study was to analyze the fatty acid profile of Coelastrella sp. BGV and to assess the antitumor and antimicrobial activities of the extracted free fatty acids. The fatty acid content of a total li ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sajb.2022.04.003

10. Are the agronomic performance and grain quality characteristics of bread wheat Mediterranean landraces related to the climate prevalent in their area of origin?

Author:
Conxita Royo; Jose Miguel Soriano; Rubén Rufo; Carlos Guzmán
Source:
Journal of cereal science 2022 v.105 pp. 103478
ISSN:
0733-5210
Subject:
Cyprus; agronomic traits; climatic zones; coasts; cold; filling period; flowering; genetic structure; genotyping; gluten; grain quality; hardness; landraces; loaves; phenotypic variation; rain; solar radiation; wheat; Bosnia-Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Jordan; Lebanon; Mediterranean region; Romania; Spain
Abstract:
... This study analyses the relationship between the climate of the countries where wheat landraces are specifically adapted, and their agronomic and grain quality characteristics. Regions with similar climate within the Mediterranean Basin were identified based on long-term climatic data of the 23 countries origin of a collection of 153 bread wheat landraces. The panel was genotyped with 13177 SNP ma ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103478

11. Assessment of PAHs accumulation in Donax trunculus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bivalvia, Donacidae) from the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast

Author:
Stanislava K. Georgieva; Mona D. Stancheva; Zlatina V. Peteva; Tsveteslava I. Ivanova; Albena V. Alexandrova
Source:
BioRisk 2022 v.17 pp. 95-104
ISSN:
1313-2652
Subject:
Donacidae; anthracenes; bioaccumulation; coasts; fluorenes; gas chromatography; humans; indicator species; laws and regulations; marine environment; mass spectrometry; molecular weight; phenanthrenes; pollution; xenobiotics; Black Sea
Abstract:
... Anthropogenic pollution of marine ecosystems is one of the main sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Marine bivalves are often used as bioindicators of environmental pollution due to their wide distribution and capability of xenobiotic bioaccumulation. The aim of the present study was to assess the presence of PAHs in soft tissues of wedge clams Donax trunculus (Linnaeus, 1758), col ...
DOI:
10.3897/biorisk.17.77343

12. Atmospheric levels, distribution, sources, correlation with meteorological parameters and other pollutants and health risk of PAHs bound in PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀ in Burgas, Bulgaria – a case study

Author:
St. Naydenova; A. Veli; Z. Mustafa; S. Hudai; E. Hristova; L. Gonsalvesh-Musakova
Source:
Journal of environmental science and health 2022 v.57 no.4 pp. 306-317
ISSN:
1532-4117
Subject:
air; atmospheric pressure; biomass; case studies; coal; combustion; gasoline; particulates; pollution; regression analysis; risk; solar radiation; wind speed; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... The quality of atmospheric air of Burgas city, Bulgaria was analyzed in relation to PAHs in two particulate matter fractions – 2.5 μm and 10 μm. It was found that PAHs registered in PM₁₀ represent entirely the ones registered in PM₂.₅ – an indication that the particulate PAHs in ambient air of Burgas for the sampling period are associated with the fine PM fraction. The PAH compounds with highest c ...
DOI:
10.1080/10934529.2022.2060669

13. Bacterial ring rot of potato caused by Clavibacter sepedonicus: A successful example of defeating the enemy under international regulations

Author:
Ebrahim Osdaghi; Jan M. van der Wolf; Hamid Abachi; Xiang Li; Solke H. De Boer; Carol A. Ishimaru
Source:
Molecular plant pathology 2022 v.23 no.7 pp. 911-932
ISSN:
1464-6722
Subject:
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus; Japan; Russia; Solanum tuberosum; bacteria; bacterial colonization; bacterial ring rot; chlorosis; eggplants; host range; industry; pathogens; plant pathology; potatoes; quarantine; sugar beet; temperature; texture; tomatoes; Belarus; Bulgaria; Canada; China; Czech Republic; Estonia; Finland; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Kazakhstan; Latvia; Lithuania; Mexico; Nepal; North Korea; Norway; Pakistan; Poland; Romania; Slovakia; South Korea; Spain; Sweden; Ukraine; Uzbekistan
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Bacterial ring rot of potato (Solanum tuberosum) caused by the gram‐positive coryneform bacterium Clavibacter sepedonicus is an important quarantine disease threatening the potato industry around the globe. Since its original description in 1906 in Germany, management of ring rot has been a major problem due to the seedborne nature (via seed tubers not true seeds) of the pathogen allow ...
DOI:
10.1111/mpp.13191

14. Biodiversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Bulgaria Related to Human Migrations or Ecological Adaptation

Author:
Stefan Panaiotov; Dzheni Madzharov; Yordan Hodzhev
Source:
Microorganisms 2022 v.10 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2607
Subject:
Mycobacterium bovis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; biodiversity; coevolution; computer software; genotype; genotyping; geography; humans; immigration; multiple drug resistance; pathogens; tuberculosis; virulence; Africa; Bulgaria; Central Asia; China; India
Abstract:
... Bulgaria is among the 18 high-priority countries of the WHO European Region with high rates of tuberculosis. The causative agent of tuberculosis is thought to have emerged in Africa 70,000 years ago, or during the Neolithic age, and colonized the world through human migrations. The established main lineages of tuberculosis correlate highly with geography. The goal of our study was to investigate t ...
DOI:
10.3390/microorganisms10010146

15. Biomarkers for pollution in caged mussels from three reservoirs in Bulgaria: A pilot study

Author:
Elenka Georgieva; László Antal; Stela Stoyanova; Desislava Arnaudova; Iliana Velcheva; Ilia Iliev; Tonka Vasileva; Veselin Bivolarski; Vesela Mitkovska; Tsenka Chassovnikarova; Borislava Todorova; Ifeanyi Emmanuel Uzochukwu; Krisztián Nyeste; Vesela Yancheva
Source:
Heliyon 2022 v.8 no.3 pp. e09069
ISSN:
2405-8440
Subject:
Anodonta woodiana; DNA damage; alanine transaminase; antioxidant activity; aspartate transaminase; bioaccumulation; biomarkers; biometry; biphenyl; catalase; cholinesterase; field experimentation; glutathione peroxidase; glutathione-disulfide reductase; lactate dehydrogenase; mussels; neurotransmitters; oxidative stress; toxic substances; water pollution; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... The mussel-watch concept was firstly proposed in 1975, which was later adopted by several international monitoring programs worldwide. However, for the very first time, a field experiment with caged mussels was performed in three reservoirs in Bulgaria to follow the harmful effects of sub-chronic pollution (30 days) of metals, trace, and macro-elements, as well as some organic toxicants, such as p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09069

16. Change in agronomic characteristics and essential oil composition of coriander after application of foliar fertilizers and biostimulators

Author:
Rumyana Georgieva; Vanya Delibaltova; Petar Chavdarov
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2022 v.181 pp. 114819
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
Coriandrum sativum; camphor; cultivars; essential oils; fertilizers; field experimentation; foliar application; leaves; linalool; lipid content; seed yield; soil types; villages; wheat; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... Nowadays the biologically active substances are very attractive, because they are harmless and ecological friendly. Their application is not only economically profitable, but also improves the action of the fertilizers and increases the yields. The study aims to investigate the effect of some foliar fertilizers and biostimulators on the elements of productivity, seed yield and the essential oil co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114819

17. Chemical Composition of Pinus nigra Arn. Unripe Seeds from Bulgaria

Author:
Hafize Fidan; Stanko Stankov; Magdalena Stoyanova; Zhana Petkova; Nadezhda Petkova; Albena Stoyanova; Sezai Ercisli; Ravish Choudhary; Rohini Karunakaran
Source:
Plants 2022 v.11 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Pinus nigra; alanine; amino acid composition; arginine; asparagine; cellulose; fructose; glucose; isoleucine; linoleic acid; lysine; mineral content; palmitic acid; phenylalanine; proline; seed oils; serine; sucrose; tryptophan; tyrosine; valine; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... The present paper aims to investigate the chemical composition of unripe black pine seeds obtained from Bulgaria. The lipid fraction was evaluated in unripe seeds, and the cellulose, total carbohydrates, glucose, fructose, and sucrose were evaluated in seedcakes. The major fatty acid identified in the Pinus nigra seed oil was unsaturated linoleic acid (44.2%), followed by the saturated palmitic ac ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants11030245

18. Chemometric Evaluation of WWTPs’ Wastewaters and Receiving Surface Waters in Bulgaria

Author:
Veronika Mihaylova; Galina Yotova; Błażej Kudłak; Tony Venelinov; Stefan Tsakovski
Source:
Water 2022 v.14 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
Sinapis alba; chemometrics; ecotoxicology; growth retardation; mortality; multivariate analysis; phosphorus content; root growth; surface water; wastewater; wastewater treatment; water quality; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) installations are designed and operated to reduce the quantity of pollutants emitted to surface waters receiving treated wastewaters. In this work, we used classical instrumental studies (to determine chemicals and parameters under obligations put with Directive 91/271/EEC), ecotoxicological tools (Sinapis alba root growth inhibition (SA-RG) and Heterocypris incon ...
DOI:
10.3390/w14040521

19. Conditions and processes of precipitation of iron compounds upon discharge of high-mineralized artesian water from artesian borehole R-30, Staro Oryahovo, Bulgaria

Author:
Aleksey Benderev; Mila Trayanova; Mihail Tarassov; Eugenia Tarassova
Source:
Environmental geochemistry and health 2022 v.44 no.7 pp. 2235-2251
ISSN:
0269-4042
Subject:
Paleogene period; confined aquifer; coprecipitation; ferrihydrite; geochemistry; goethite; hematite; hydrolysis; iron; mineralization; oxidation; oxygen; silica; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... The artesian borehole R-30–Staro Oryahovo with total depth of 1740 m gives waters of chlorine–sodium type with a mineralization of 31 g/L from formations of Paleogene age. These waters contain high concentrations of iron and because of this, intense precipitation of iron compounds takes place at and around the wellhead. To clarify the ongoing processes, samples of precipitates and overflow water w ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10653-021-01107-6

20. Crocus pallidus (Iridaceae)—A Neglected Species for the Bulgarian Flora and Critical Taxon in the Balkans

Author:
Tsvetanka Raycheva; Kiril Stoyanov; Samir Naimov; Elena Apostolova-Kuzova; Yulian Marinov
Source:
Plants 2022 v.11 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
coasts; flora; indigenous species; phylogeny; uncertainty; Black Sea; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... For a long time, the Balkan endemic species Crocus pallidus has been unconfirmed and neglected for the flora of Bulgaria. It has remained an uncertain species from the Balkans, often listed as a synonym of C. weldenii. The morphological resemblance to the albinistic forms of C. chrysanthus has led to incorrect identification in the past, resulting in uncertainty regarding the distribution of this ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants11050686