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1. "From freeze with moths": First discovery of a habitat in Andean salars for noctuid moths

Author:
Angulo, A.O.; Camano, A.; Angulo, G.A.
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2006 v.35 no.4 pp. 556-557
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
moths; Noctuidae; Lycium; cacti and succulents; habitats; new geographic records; Chile
Abstract:
... Noctuid moths flutter in the high Andes nights at 4,000 m. s. n. m. Their larvae feed on aerial or underground parts of succulent plants. Many of these species are new to science. Strategies and adaptations of the moths for survival in the high Andes mountains are: a circulatory system that includes an abdominal thoracic countercurrent heat exchanger, and they are insulated from the environment by ...
DOI:
10.1590/S1519-566X2006000400020
PubMed:
17061807

2. 1,4-Benzoxazin-3-one, 2-Benzoxazolinone and Gallic Acid from Calceolaria thyrsiflora Graham and their Antibacterial Activity

Author:
Héctor R. Bravo; Sylvia V. Copaja; Sebastián Figueroa-Duarte; Madeleine Lamborot; José San Martín
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.60 no.5-6 pp. 389-393
ISSN:
1865-7125
Subject:
Calceolaria; Scrophulariaceae; antibacterial properties; flowers; gallic acid; leaves; medicinal plants; secondary metabolites; Chile
Abstract:
... Secondary metabolites, DIBOA, HBOA, 7-OH-HBOA, BOA and gallic acid, were isolated and quantified from Calceolaria thyrsiflora Graham, a native medicinal plant of Chile belonging to the Scrophulariaceae family. The highest DIBOA contents were determined in leaves (145 mmol kg⁻¹ dry wt) and flowers (161 mmol kg⁻¹ dry wt). Antibacterial activities of DIBOA, HBOA, BOA, gallic acid and infusions of flo ...
DOI:
10.1515/znc-2005-5-604

3. 128 Next-generation RNA sequencing of horse adipose and endometrial mesenchymal stem cells from the same donors unveils striking differences in their transcriptomic pattern

Author:
F. Navarrete; E. Mellisho; Y. Wang; J. Cabezas; L. L. Rodriguez-Alvarez; A. Navarro; F. Saravia; F. O. Castro
Source:
Reproduction, fertility, and development 2019 v.31 no.1 pp. 189-190
ISSN:
1031-3613
Subject:
adhesion; angiogenesis; biogenesis; cell growth; cell lines; cell proliferation; endometrium; gene expression regulation; gene ontology; gene overexpression; genes; heat; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; horses; immune response; immune system; interleukin-8; mesenchymal stromal cells; messenger RNA; osteoblasts; phenotype; platelet-derived growth factor; principal component analysis; stem cells; transcriptomics; Chile
Abstract:
... Earlier we successfully isolated and characterised endometrial (eMSC) and adipose (aMSC) mesenchymal stem cells from the same donors. Mesenchymal stem cells share biological traits but display different surface marker phenotype and migration ability. Here we extended our research to their mRNA signature using next-generation sequencing. The RNA from cells (3 biological replicates from each cell ty ...
DOI:
10.1071/RDv31n1Ab128

4. 12th IFDC 2017 Special Issue –Challenges facing the establishment and management of a national food composition database in Argentina

Author:
Norma Samman; Maria Constanza Rossi
Source:
Journal of food composition and analysis 2019 pp. -
ISSN:
0889-1575
Subject:
Food and Agriculture Organization; consumer protection; food composition; food industry; foods; funding; human resources; international trade; nutrient databanks; nutrition; Argentina; Chile; Paraguay
Abstract:
... Food composition data play a key role in areas such as nutrition, agriculture, food industry, and trade. Therefore it is still essential to have recent and reliable data on the composition of the main foodstuffs that a country produces and consumes. In Argentina the objective is to form a national network of institutions to provide information and data to a national food composition database (NFCD ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jfca.2019.103292

5. 13,000 years of sociocultural plant use in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile

Author:
Paula C. Ugalde; Virginia McRostie; Eugenia M. Gayo; Magdalena García; Claudio Latorre; Calogero M. Santoro
Source:
Vegetation history and archaeobotany 2021 v.30 no.2 pp. 213-230
ISSN:
0939-6314
Subject:
Holocene epoch; Pleistocene epoch; archaeobotany; climate; coasts; food shortages; history; landscapes; vegetation; wild plants; Andes region; Arctic region; Chile; Kalahari Desert
Abstract:
... Throughout Earth’s most extreme environments, such as the Kalahari Desert or the Arctic, hunter–gatherers found ingenious ways to obtain proteins and sugars provided by plants for dietary requirements. In the hyperarid Atacama Desert, wild plant resources are scarce and unevenly distributed due to limited water availability. This study brings together all available archaeobotanical evidence gather ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00334-020-00783-1

6. 145 Preliminary attempts to cryopreserve sperm of the Dredge Oyster, Ostrea chilensis

Author:
Serean L. Adams; John F. Smith; Jolene Taylor; H. Robin Tervit; Lindsay T. McGowan
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 439
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
Ostrea; ambient temperature; breeding programs; breeding season; breeding stock; brooders; cryopreservation; cryoprotectants; dimethyl sulfoxide; disease resistance; eggs; farms; fisheries; fluorescence microscopy; genetic lines; germplasm; hermaphroditism; nitrogen; oysters; parasites; propidium; propylene glycol; rearing; selection methods; sperm motility; spermatozeugmata; staining; storage temperature; straw; trehalose; viability; Chile; New Zealand
Abstract:
... The dredge oyster, Ostrea chilensis, is native to New Zealand and Chile. Although this species has been commercially fished for decades, it is only recently that farming trials have been initiated. The “wild” commercial fishery was decimated in the 1980s by the parasite, Bonamia and so breeding for disease resistance is imperative for the progress of the aquaculture industry. Cryopreservation can ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.151

7. 16S rRNA–Based Analysis Reveals Differences in the Bacterial Community Present in Tissues of Choromytilus chorus (Mytilidae, Bivalvia) Grown in an Estuary and a Bay in Southern Chile

Author:
Tamara Valenzuela; Joaquin I. Rilling; Giovanni Larama; Jacquelinne J. Acuña; Marco Campos; Nitza G. Inostroza; Macarena Araya; Katherine Altamirano; So Fujiyoshi; Kyoko Yarimizu; Fumito Maruyama; Milko A. Jorquera
Source:
Diversity 2021 v.13 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
Mollicutes; Mytilidae; Proteobacteria; aquaculture; bacterial communities; discriminant analysis; estuaries; functional diversity; mussels; phylotype; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Chile
Abstract:
... Microbiota associated with bivalves have drawn considerable attention because studies have suggested their relevance to the fitness and growth of marine bivalves. Although the mussel Choromytilus chorus is a valuable resource for Chilean aquaculture and fisheries, its microbiota is still unknown. In this study, the composition and predicted functions of the bacterial community in tissues of C. cho ...
DOI:
10.3390/d13050209

8. 2050 LCOE (Levelized Cost of Energy) projection for a hybrid PV (photovoltaic)-CSP (concentrated solar power) plant in the Atacama Desert, Chile

Author:
C. Parrado; A. Girard; F. Simon; E. Fuentealba
Source:
Energy 2016 v.94 pp. 422-430
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
carbon dioxide; carbon footprint; electricity; electricity costs; electricity generation; greenhouse gas emissions; mining; power plants; solar collectors; solar energy; thermal energy; Chile
Abstract:
... This study calculates the LCOE (Levelized Cost of Energy) on the PSDA (Atacama Solar Platform) for a solar–solar energy mix with the objective of evaluate new options for continuous energy delivery. LCOE was calculated for three 50 MW (megawatt) power plants: A PV (photovoltaic), a CSP (concentrated solar power) plant with 15 h TES (thermal energy storage) and a hybrid PV-CSP plant constituted wit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2015.11.015

9. 240Pu/239Pu signatures allow refining the chronology of radionuclide fallout in South America

Author:
Pierre-Alexis Chaboche; Fabien Pointurier; Pierre Sabatier; Anthony Foucher; Tales Tiecher; Jean P.G. Minella; Marcos Tassano; Amélie Hubert; Sergio Morera; Stéphane Guédron; Christophe Ardois; Béatrice Boulet; Catherine Cossonnet; Pablo Cabral; Mirel Cabrera; Guillermo Chalar; Olivier Evrard
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 pp. 156943
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
USSR; environment; plutonium; radioactive fallout; sediments; Chile; Polynesia; Uruguay
Abstract:
... Atmospheric nuclear tests (1945–1980) have led to radioactive fallout across the globe. French tests in Polynesia (1966–1974) may influence the signature of fallout in South America in addition to those conducted by USA and former USSR until 1963 in the Northern hemisphere. Here, we compiled the ²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu atom ratios reported for soils of South America and conducted additional measurements to ex ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156943

10. 3,7-Dimethylpentadecane: a Novel Sex Pheromone Component from Leucoptera sinuella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae)

Author:
Wilson Barros-Parada; Jan Bergmann; Tomislav Curkovic; Cristian Espinosa; Eduardo Fuentes-Contreras; Jorge Guajardo; Heidy Herrera; Sebastián Morales; Abel F. O. Queiroz; Álvaro Vidal
Source:
Journal of chemical ecology 2020 v.46 no.9 pp. 820-829
ISSN:
0098-0331
Subject:
Leucoptera; Populus; bait traps; chemical ecology; dose response; exports; extracts; feeding behavior; gas chromatography; hexane; industry; larvae; leafminers; leaves; males; mass; mass spectrometry; moths; orchards; pupation; raw fruit; sampling; sex pheromones; testing; trees; virgin females; Chile
Abstract:
... Leucoptera sinuella is a leaf-miner moth present in several regions in the world, which has been recently introduced into Chile. The larvae feed exclusively on the leaves of poplar and willow trees, and the damage caused by the feeding behavior poses a threat to the wood-producing industry. Besides, L. sinuella larvae invade nearby orchards for pupation, causing rejections in Chilean fresh fruit f ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10886-020-01208-z

11. 3D mapping, hydrodynamics and modelling of the freshwater-brine mixing zone in salt flats similar to the Salar de Atacama (Chile)

Author:
M.A. Marazuela; E. Vázquez-Suñé; E. Custodio; T. Palma; A. García-Gil; C. Ayora
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2018 v.561 pp. 223-235
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
aquifers; digital images; evaporation; freshwater; geometry; hydrodynamics; lithium; mathematical models; minerals; mixing; permeability; wetlands; Chile
Abstract:
... Salt flat brines are a major source of minerals and especially lithium. Moreover, valuable wetlands with delicate ecologies are also commonly present at the margins of salt flats. Therefore, the efficient and sustainable exploitation of the brines they contain requires detailed knowledge about the hydrogeology of the system. A critical issue is the freshwater-brine mixing zone, which develops as a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.04.010

12. 4-Methyl-1-hepten-3-one, the Defensive Compound from Agathemera elegans (Philippi) (Phasmatidae) Insecta

Author:
Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.61 no.7-8 pp. 592-594
ISSN:
1865-7125
Subject:
Phasmatidae; blindness; females; humans; insects; males; Andes region; Chile
Abstract:
... Insects of the genus Agathemera (Phasmatidae) live in the Chilean Andes over 1500 m above sea level. On disturbing, the insects release a spray that can cause temporary blindness in humans. Very little is known on the composition of chemicals used for defense by South American phasmids. Here we show that both female and male defensive secretion of Agathemera elegans is made up of 4-methyl-1-hepten ...
DOI:
10.1515/znc-2006-7-820

13. 400 years for long-distance dispersal and divergence in the northern Atacama desert – Insights from the Huaynaputina pumice slopes of Moquegua, Peru

Author:
Schwarzer, Christian; Huamaní, Fatima Cáceres; Cano, Asunción; La Torre, María I.; Weigend, Maximilian
Source:
Journal of arid environments 2010 v.74 no.11 pp. 1540-1551
ISSN:
0140-1963
Subject:
pumice; soil; flora; Angiospermae; vegetation; climate; Argentina; Chile; Bolivia; Peru
Abstract:
... The Huaynaputina eruption (1600 AD, Moquegua, S Peru) in the northern Atacama Desert denuded the Omate area of all vegetation and deposited deep pumice layers. Data on the flora, climate and soil characteristics of these slopes near Omate at 1600-2600 m a.s.l. are provided. Fifty-nine angiosperm species established themselves on the pumice slopes in the past ca. 400 years, with the bulk of the sma ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaridenv.2010.05.034

14. 50 years of water extraction in the Pampa del Tamarugal basin: Can Prosopis tamarugo trees survive in the hyper-arid Atacama Desert (Northern Chile)?

Author:
R.O. Chávez; J.G.P.W. Clevers; M. Decuyper; S. de Bruin; M. Herold
Source:
Journal of arid environments 2016 v.124 pp. 292-303
ISSN:
0140-1963
Subject:
Landsat; Prosopis tamarugo; basins; canopy; diurnal variation; dry environmental conditions; ecosystems; forests; groundwater; leaves; reflectance; remote sensing; summer; trees; water stress; winter; Chile
Abstract:
... Groundwater-dependent ecosystems are threatened worldwide by unsustainable groundwater (GW) extraction. This is the case of the Prosopis tamarugo Phil forest in the hyper-arid Atacama Desert (Northern Chile), one of the most extreme ecosystems on Earth. Despite concerns about the conservation of this ecosystem, little research has been done to quantify the effects of the increasing GW depth (GWD) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.007

15. 60 Years of Glacier Elevation and Mass Changes in the Maipo River Basin, Central Andes of Chile

Author:
David Farías-Barahona; Álvaro Ayala; Claudio Bravo; Sebastián Vivero; Thorsten Seehaus; Saurabh Vijay; Marius Schaefer; Franco Buglio; Gino Casassa; Matthias H. Braun
Source:
Remote Sensing 2020 v.12 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
balance studies; digital elevation models; drought; ecosystems; freshwater; glaciers; ice; lidar; radar; remote sensing; topographic maps; topography; water resources; watersheds; Andes region; Chile
Abstract:
... Glaciers in the central Andes of Chile are fundamental freshwater sources for ecosystems and communities. Overall, glaciers in this region have shown continuous recession and down-wasting, but long-term glacier mass balance studies providing precise estimates of these changes are scarce. Here, we present the first long-term (1955–2013/2015), region-specific glacier elevation and mass change estima ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs12101658

16. 677. tropaeolum azureum

Author:
Rix, Martyn
Source:
Curtis's botanical magazine 2010 v.27 no.3 pp. 235-241
ISSN:
1355-4905
Subject:
Tropaeolum azureum; plant propagation; botanical illustration; Chile
Abstract:
... Tropaeolum azureum Bertero ex Colla from northern Chile is described and illustrated. Its cultivation and propagation are discussed. ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-8748.2010.01696.x

17. 753. GILLIESIA MONTANA: Amaryllidaceae – Allioideae

Author:
Martyn Rix; Kit Strange; Paula J. Rudall
Source:
Curtis's botanical magazine 2013 v.30 no.1 pp. 28-35
ISSN:
1355-4905
Subject:
plant cultural practices; botanical illustration; Gilliesia montana; Chile
Abstract:
... Gilliesia montana Poepp. & Endl., a bulbous plant from central Chile, is described and illustrated. Suggestions for its successful cultivation are provided. ...
DOI:
10.1111/curt.12014

18. 79 MicroRNAs of extracellular vesicles secreted by embryos as an early biomarker of competence

Author:
B. Melo-Baez; Y. S. Wong; J. Cabezas; C. J. Aguilera; F. O. Castro; L. Rodriguez-Alvarez
Source:
Reproduction, fertility, and development 2020 v.32 no.2 pp. 166
ISSN:
1031-3613
Subject:
biomarkers; biosynthesis; blastocyst; cattle; computer software; culture media; exosomes; fatty acids; flow cytometry; gap junctions; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; lysine; microRNA; nanoparticles; principal component analysis; signal transduction; stem cells; transmission electron microscopy; ultrafiltration; Canada; Chile
Abstract:
... Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are secreted by different cell types and participate in cellular communication by carrying molecules as microRNAs (miRNAs) that can interfere with gene expression of target cells. Extracellular vesicles have become relevant as a mechanism of embryo-maternal communication. The aim of this study was to evaluate miRNA content in EVs ...
DOI:
10.1071/RDv32n2Ab79

19. 80 Evaluation of extracellular vesicles from culture medium of human embryos as a possible method of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis

Author:
C. Aguilera; D. Veraguas; C. Henriquez; A. Velasquez; F. O. Castro; L. Rodriguez-Alvarez
Source:
Reproduction, fertility, and development 2020 v.32 no.2 pp. 166
ISSN:
1031-3613
Subject:
DNA; chromosome aberrations; chromosomes; comparative genomic hybridization; culture media; embryo (animal); embryo culture; exosomes; humans; intracytoplasmic sperm injection; lipids; messenger RNA; microarray technology; nanoparticles; proteins; transmission electron microscopy; viability; Chile
Abstract:
... Noninvasive methods are the clue to increase the efficiency of invitro-derived embryo selection without decreasing their competence. Embryos selection based on their morphology is the most used method but only 40% of selected embryos are able to implant and develop correctly. In humans, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis increases the efficiency of selection by excluding embryos with chromosomal a ...
DOI:
10.1071/RDv32n2Ab80

20. 853. SOPHORA CASSIOIDES: Leguminosae

Author:
Martyn Rix; Gwilym Lewis
Source:
Curtis's botanical magazine 2016 v.33 no.4 pp. 338-346
ISSN:
1355-4905
Subject:
Sophora; botany; plants (botany); taxon descriptions; Chile
Abstract:
... Sophora cassioides (Phil.) Sparre, from Chile, is illustrated and suggestions for its cultivation are given. The history of Sophora sect. Edwardsia is discussed briefly. ...
DOI:
10.1111/curt.12168

21. Ophelimus migdanorum Molina-Mercader sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): Application of Integrative Taxonomy for Disentangling a Polyphenism Case in Eucalyptus globulus Labill Forest in Chile

Author:
Gloria Molina-Mercader; Andrés O. Angulo; Tania S. Olivares; Eugenio Sanfuentes; Miguel Castillo-Salazar; Eladio Rojas; Oscar Toro-Núñez; Hugo A. Benítez; Rodrigo Hasbún
Source:
Forests 2019 v.10 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Eucalyptus camaldulensis; Eucalyptus globulus; Eulophidae; adults; antennae; cytochrome-c oxidase; databases; forests; genes; growth habit; mitochondria; new species; phylogeny; plantations; polyphenism; taxonomic keys; wasps; Chile
Abstract:
... In 2003, a new gall-inducing wasp of the genus Ophelimus was detected in the Valparaíso Region (Chile), affecting tree plantations of Eucalyptus globulus Labill and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. Since then Ophelimus has been frequently detected in different plantations in Chile, covering a widespread area. A preliminary collaborative study suggests that the micro-wasp detected should be classifi ...
DOI:
10.3390/f10090720

22. 13C-NMR spectroscopy of humic substances isolated from the agricultural soils of Puchuncavi (El Melón and Puchuncavi areas), central Chile

Author:
Ivan Alekseev; Evgeny Abakumov
Source:
Soil and Water Research v.15 no.3 pp. 191-198
ISSN:
1801-5395
Subject:
agricultural soils; humification; mineralization; nitrogen; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; organic carbon; pH; phosphorus; plant growth; research; soil organic matter; soil pollution; urbanization; water; Chile
Abstract:
... Chile is a well-developed agricultural country, which is faced with the problem of agricultural soil contamination with metals, such as Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn, and metalloids (As). These elements can be retained by soils through different mechanisms, i.e., complex-forming with organic matter or occlusion within organic matter. That is why studying soil contamination should also be accompanied by detail ...
DOI:
10.17221/81/2019-swr

23. A 17,300-year record of mercury accumulation in a pristine lake in southern Chile

Author:
Y.-M. Hermanns; H. Biester
Source:
Journal of paleolimnology 2013 v.49 no.4 pp. 547-561
ISSN:
0921-2728
Subject:
atmospheric deposition; bedrock; carbon; copper; dissolved organic matter; lakes; mercury; mineral soils; principal component analysis; sediments; vegetation; watersheds; weathering; yttrium; Argentina; Chile
Abstract:
... Anthropogenic mercury accumulation in lake sediments has been studied extensively, but natural processes that controlled mercury accumulation in the past are still poorly understood. We present a 17,300-year record of mercury accumulation in the sediments of Lake Hambre, southernmost Patagonia, Chile (53°S, 70°W), in combination with an investigation of environmental changes in the region. Mercury ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10933-012-9668-4

24. A 30-year update of the climbers and vascular epiphytes inventory of the Cerro Ñielol Natural Monument (La Araucanía, Chile): a database

Author:
Jimmy Pincheira-Ulbrich; Bárbara Vallejos; Jorge Huincaguelo; Ulises Zambrano; Fernando Peña-Cortés
Source:
Biodiversity data journal 2021 v.9 pp. e72521
ISSN:
1314-2828
Subject:
Lapageria rosea; anthropogenic activities; botanical composition; climate change; conservation areas; data collection; databases; ecosystems; ecotones; epiphytes; ferns and fern allies; forest soils; forests; hosts; indicator species; introduced species; inventories; microhabitats; monuments; phytogeography; shrubs; species abundance; species richness; tree and stand measurements; trees; vascular plants; vines; Chile
Abstract:
... Plant species diversity may be seriously threatened in ecotone zones under global climate change. Therefore, keeping updated inventories of indicator species seems to be a good strategy for monitoring wild areas located in these strips. The database comes from an inventory of climbers and vascular epiphytes conducted in the Cerro Ñielol Natural Monument, a small protected area (89 hectares) locate ...
DOI:
10.3897/BDJ.9.e72521

25. A 400-year tree-ring record of the Puelo River summer-fall streamflow in the Valdivian Rainforest eco-region, Chile

Author:
Lara, Antonio; Villalba, Ricardo; Urrutia, Rocío
Source:
Climatic change 2008 v.86 no.3-4 pp. 331-356
ISSN:
0165-0009
Subject:
El Nino; La Nina; Libocedrus chilensis; atmospheric circulation; farmed fish; fish production; growth rings; rain forests; rivers; spectral analysis; sport fishing; stream flow; surface temperature; temporal variation; tourism; water power; Chile
Abstract:
... The Puelo River is a watershed shared between Chile and Argentina with a mean annual streamflow of 644 m³ s-¹. It has a high ecologic and economic importance, including introduced farmed salmon, tourism, sports fishing and projected hydroelectricity. Using Austrocedrus chilensis and Pilgerodendron uviferum tree-ring records we reconstructed summer-fall (December-May) Puelo River streamflow, which ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10584-007-9287-7

26. A 600 years warm-season temperature record from varved sediments of Lago Plomo, Northern Patagonia, Chile (47°S)

Author:
Julie Elbert; Martin Jacques-Coper; Maarten Van Daele; Roberto Urrutia; Martin Grosjean
Source:
Quaternary International 2015 v.377 pp. 28-37
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
altitude; data collection; glaciers; ice; lakes; melting; meteorological data; reflectance; sediment transport; sediments; summer; suspended sediment; temperature; warm season; winter; Argentina; Chile
Abstract:
... High-resolution records of calibrated proxy data for the past millennium are fundamental to place current changes into the context of pre-industrial natural forced and unforced variability. Although the need for regional spatially-explicit comprehensive reconstructions is widely recognized, the proxy data sources are still scarce, particularly for the Southern Hemisphere and especially for South A ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.004

27. A 600-year-long stratigraphic record of tsunamis in south-central Chile

Author:
Isabel Hong; Tina Dura; Lisa L Ely; Benjamin P Horton; Alan R Nelson; Marco Cisternas; Daria Nikitina; Robert L Wesson
Source:
Holocene v.27 no.1 pp. 39-51
ISSN:
1477-0911
Subject:
Bacillariophyceae; cesium; earthquakes; freshwater; peat; radiocarbon dating; radionuclides; river valleys; rivers; sand; stratigraphy; tsunamis; Chile
Abstract:
... The stratigraphy within coastal river valleys in south-central Chile clarifies and extends the region’s history of large, earthquakes and accompanying tsunamis. Our site at Quidico (38.1°S, 73.3°W) is located in an overlap zone between ruptures of magnitude 8–9 earthquakes in 1960 and 2010, and, therefore, records tsunamis originating from subduction-zone ruptures north and south of the city of Co ...
DOI:
10.1177/0959683616646191

28. A 68 ka precipitation record from the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile

Author:
Julia L. Diederich; Volker Wennrich; Roberto Bao; Christoph Büttner; Andreas Bolten; Dominik Brill; Stefan Buske; Eduardo Campos; Emma Fernández-Galego; Peggy Gödickmeier; Lukas Ninnemann; Mark Reyers; Benedikt Ritter; Laura Ritterbach; Christian Rolf; Stephanie Scheidt; Tibor J. Dunai; Martin Melles
Source:
Global and planetary change 2020 v.184 pp. 103054
ISSN:
0921-8181
Subject:
Miocene epoch; atmospheric circulation; basins; calcium sulfate; carbonates; clay; deserts; dry climates; floods; humidity; rain; sediments; summer; surface temperature; watersheds; winter; Chile
Abstract:
... The Atacama Desert in northern Chile is one of the driest deserts on Earth. Hyperaridity persists at least since the Miocene and was punctuated by pluvial phases. However, very little is known about the timing, regional spread and intensities of precipitation changes. Here, we present a new precipitation record from a sedimentary sequence recovered in a tectonically blocked endorheic basin that is ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103054

29. A 700-year record of climate and environmental change from a high Andean lake: Laguna del Maule, central Chile (36°S)

Author:
María L Carrevedo; Matías Frugone; Claudio Latorre; Antonio Maldonado; Patricia Bernárdez; Ricardo Prego; Daniela Cárdenas; Blas Valero-Garcés
Source:
Holocene v.25 no.6 pp. 956-972
ISSN:
1477-0911
Subject:
Bacillariophyceae; aerobic conditions; altitude; anthropogenic activities; bromine; climate; climate change; geochemistry; iron; lakes; landscapes; littoral zone; manganese; models; pollen analysis; radiocarbon dating; sediment deposition; tephra; urban population; vegetation; volcanic activity; Andes region; Chile
Abstract:
... Central Chile is heavily exploited for mineral and water resources, with agriculture and large urban populations all creating intensive landscape use. Few records of past environmental and climate change are available that afford a broader context. To aid in this assessment, we present a 700-year reconstruction from Laguna del Maule (LdM) in the high Andes of central Chile based on sedimentologica ...
DOI:
10.1177/0959683615574584

30. A Bayesian analysis of the Gumbel distribution: an application to extreme rainfall data

Author:
Ignacio Vidal
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2014 v.28 no.3 pp. 571-582
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
Bayesian theory; meteorological data; models; rain; Chile
Abstract:
... With the objective of modelling annual rainfall maximum intensities in different geographical zones of Chile, we have created a Bayesian inference method for the generalized extreme value type I distribution (Gumbel distribution). We considered an uninformative prior distribution for the location parameter, μ, and three different prior distributions for the scale parameter, σ. Under these conditio ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-013-0773-3

31. A Community‐Level, Mesoscale Analysis of Fish Assemblage Structure in Shoreline Habitats of a Large River Using Multivariate Regression Trees

Author:
M. A. Wilkes; I. Maddock; O. Link; E. Habit
Source:
River research and applications 2016 v.32 no.4 pp. 652-665
ISSN:
1535-1459
Subject:
Galaxias platei; Salmonidae; community structure; environmental factors; fish; habitats; hydroelectric power; models; power plants; rivers; shorelines; streams; Chile
Abstract:
... The mesoscale (10⁰–10² m) of river habitats has been identified as the scale that simultaneously offers insights into ecological structure and falls within the practical bounds of river management. Mesoscale habitat (mesohabitat) classifications for relatively large rivers, however, are underdeveloped compared with those produced for smaller streams. Approaches to habitat modelling have traditiona ...
DOI:
10.1002/rra.2879

32. A Comparison of Two Methodological Approaches for Determining Castor Bean Suitability in Chile

Author:
Celián Román-Figueroa; Donna Cortez; Manuel Paneque
Source:
Agronomy 2020 v.10 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Ricinus communis; castor beans; coasts; industrial crops; plant cultural practices; ricinoleic acid; temperature; Chile
Abstract:
... Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) contains ricinoleic acid, making it one of the world’s most important oil-seeds. There are few studies on this species in Chile, despite its potential as an industrial crop. This study evaluated two methodologies (simplistic and presence-species) for determining the aptitude of land for growing castor beans, both of which use climatic information. The simplistic a ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy10091259

33. A Comparison of drought instruments and livelihood capitals : Combining Livelihood and Institutional Analyses to Study Drought Policy Instruments

Author:
Margot A. Hurlbert; Joyeeta Gupta; Hebe Verrest
Source:
Climate and development 2019 v.11 no.10 pp. 863-872
ISSN:
1756-5537
Subject:
case studies; drought; issues and policy; livelihood; markets; Alberta; Argentina; Chile
Abstract:
... Institutional analysis is used to assess macro (in)formal policy approaches while livelihoods analyses takes a micro bottom up approach to analyse how livelihoods can be improved. The two approaches are rarely linked and scarcely applied to the understudied problem of drought. Hence this paper addresses the question: How can the livelihoods approach be combined with institutional analysis and how ...
DOI:
10.1080/17565529.2019.1585318

34. A Comprehensive Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Cyprus from April 2020 to January 2021: Evidence of a Highly Polyphyletic and Evolving Epidemic

Author:
Andreas C. Chrysostomou; Bram Vrancken; George Koumbaris; George Themistokleous; Antonia Aristokleous; Christina Masia; Christina Eleftheriou; Costakis Iοannou; Dora C. Stylianou; Marios Ioannides; Panagiotis Petrou; Vasilis Georgiou; Amalia Hatziyianni; Philippe Lemey; Anne-Mieke Vandamme; Philippos P. Patsalis; Leondios G. Kostrikis
Source:
Viruses 2021 v.13 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4915
Subject:
Cyprus; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; antibodies; epidemiological studies; genetic analysis; genomics; immune evasion; phylogeography; polyphyly; public health; viruses; Brazil; Chile; Czech Republic; Denmark; Eastern European region; Finland; Germany; Italy; Pakistan; Slovenia; Southern European region; Switzerland; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulted in an extraordinary global public health crisis. In early 2020, Cyprus, among other European countries, was affected by the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic and adopted lockdown measures in March 2020 to limit the initial outbreak on the island. In this study, we performed a comprehensive retrospective molecular epidemiological ...
DOI:
10.3390/v13061098

35. A Cooperative Farming Project in Chile: A Case Study

Author:
William C. Thiesenhusen
Source:
American journal of agricultural economics 1966 v.48 no.2 pp. 295-308
ISSN:
0002-9092
Subject:
capital; case studies; farms; intensive farming; labor; land reform; operating costs; soil resources; technicians; Chile
Abstract:
... This article analyzes the first several years of a small cooperatively operated agrarian‐reform project in Chile. It is predicated on the idea that in a more inclusive reform, technicians will be aided by studies of how small‐scale reform has worked. The study concludes that a lower level of consumption would have helped colonists in making land and capital payments. Alternatives which involve les ...
DOI:
10.2307/1236219

36. A Critical Assessment and Projection of Urban Vertical Growth in Antofagasta, Chile

Author:
Massimo Palme; José Guerra Ramírez
Source:
Sustainability 2013 v.5 no.7 pp. 2840-2855
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
acoustics; cities; humidity; population growth; social impact; soil; solar radiation; temperature; wind speed; Chile
Abstract:
... Vertical cities’ growth is argument of discussion worldwide. Population increases and a better soil use are needed, in terms of efficiency and density, in many cities of the world. However, an excessive vertical growth seems to be harmful, especially near the green areas of midtowns. In this paper, the case of Antofagasta is studied. The paper studies different possible future evolutions searching ...
DOI:
10.3390/su5072840

37. A Cryptic Sulfur Cycle in Oxygen-Minimum-Zone Waters off the Chilean Coast

Author:
Canfield, Don E.; Stewart, Frank J.; Thamdrup, Bo; De Brabandere, Loreto; Dalsgaard, Tage; Delong, Edward F.; Revsbech, Niels Peter; Ulloa, Osvaldo
Source:
Science 2010 v.330 no.6009 pp. 1375-1378
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
anaerobic ammonium oxidation; biogeochemical cycles; coasts; energy flow; microbial ecology; nitrogen; oceans; oxidation; sulfates; sulfides; sulfur; Chile
Abstract:
... Nitrogen cycling is normally thought to dominate the biogeochemistry and microbial ecology of oxygen-minimum zones in marine environments. Through a combination of molecular techniques and process rate measurements, we showed that both sulfate reduction and sulfide oxidation contribute to energy flux and elemental cycling in oxygen-free waters off the coast of northern Chile. These processes may h ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1196889

38. A Dynamic, Multivariate Sustainability Measure for Robust Analysis of Water Management under Climate and Demand Uncertainty in an Arid Environment

Author:
Christian Hunter; Jorge Gironás; Diogo Bolster; Christos A. Karavitis
Source:
Water 2015 v.7 no.11 pp. 5928-5958
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
case studies; climate; decision making; dry environmental conditions; hydrologic models; markets; resource management; supply balance; uncertainty; water analysis; water management; watersheds; Chile
Abstract:
... Considering water resource scarcity and uncertainty in climate and demand futures, decision-makers require techniques for sustainability analysis in resource management. Through unclear definitions of “sustainability”, however, traditional indices for resource evaluation propose options of limited flexibility by adopting static climate and demand scenarios, limiting analysis variables to a particu ...
DOI:
10.3390/w7115928

39. A Field Evaluation of Jalapeño and Non-Jalapeño Chile Pepper Resistance to Phytophthora Blight Caused by Phytophthora capsici

Author:
Srijana Dura; Phillip Lujan; Ivette Guzman; Robert Steiner; Soum Sanogo
Source:
Plant health progress 2021 v.22 no.3 pp. 309-315
ISSN:
1535-1025
Subject:
Capsicum; Phytophthora capsici; blight; cultivars; disease incidence; disease progression; disease severity; disinfestation; inoculum; pathogens; pepper; pumpkins; soil; Chile
Abstract:
... Phytophthora capsici is a destructive soilborne pathogen, which causes Phytophthora blight in many vegetable crops including chile pepper (Capsicum sp.). Our research was aimed at evaluating the resistance of jalapeño cultivars in field conditions and identifying the factors associated with reduction of Phytophthora blight caused by P. capsici. Six jalapeño (NuMex Orange Spice, NuMex Pumpkin Spice ...
DOI:
10.1094/PHP-02-21-0029-FI

40. A Fine-Scale Hotspot at the Edge: Epigean Arthropods from the Atacama Coast (Paposo-Taltal, Antofagasta Region, Chile)

Author:
Jaime Pizarro-Araya; Fermín M. Alfaro; Andrés A. Ojanguren-Affilastro; Andrés Moreira-Muñoz
Source:
Insects 2021 v.12 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
arthropods; biodiversity; coasts; latitude; oases; taxonomy; Chile
Abstract:
... The Atacama Desert at its margins harbors a unique biodiversity that is still very poorly known, especially in coastal fog oases spanning from Perú towards the Atacama coast. An outstanding species-rich fog oasis is the latitudinal fringe Paposo-Taltal, that is considered an iconic site of the Lomas formation. This contribution is the first to reveal the knowledge on arthropods of this emblematic ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects12100916

41. A Fit-for-Purpose Nutrient Profiling Model to Underpin Food and Nutrition Policies in South Africa

Author:
Tamryn Frank; Anne-Marie Thow; Shu Wen Ng; Jessica Ostrowski; Makoma Bopape; Elizabeth C. Swart
Source:
Nutrients 2021 v.13 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
food supply chain; issues and policy; models; nutrient content; nutrition information; obesity; sodium; sugars; Chile; South Africa
Abstract:
... South Africa (SA) is facing a rising prevalence of obesity and diet-related chronic diseases. The government is seeking to develop effective, evidence-based policy measures to address this. A well-designed, fit-for-purpose nutrient profiling model (NPM) can aid policy development. The aim of this study was to develop a fit-for-purpose NPM in SA. Steps included: (1) determining the purpose and targ ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu13082584

42. A GIS-based framework to identify priority areas for urban environmental inequity mitigation and its application in Santiago de Chile

Author:
Ignacio C. Fernández; Jianguo Wu
Source:
Applied geography 2018 v.94 pp. 213-222
ISSN:
0143-6228
Subject:
air pollution; cities; decision making; environmental quality; geographic information systems; geography; green infrastructure; heat; issues and policy; local government; urban planning; urbanization; Chile
Abstract:
... Environmental inequity is a common phenomenon of modern cities, particularly in the developing world where the high rates of urbanization often surpass the capacity of local governments to develop proper urban planning. In these cities the spatial distribution of environmental quality is frequently associated with socioeconomic characteristics, with vulnerable sectors often having a disproportiona ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apgeog.2018.03.019

43. A GIS-based urban and peri-urban landscape representation toolbox for hydrological distributed modeling

Author:
P. Sanzana; J. Gironás; I. Braud; F. Branger; F. Rodriguez; X. Vargas; N. Hitschfeld; J.F. Muñoz; S. Vicuña; A. Mejía; S. Jankowfsky
Source:
Environmental modelling & software 2017 v.91 pp. 168-185
ISSN:
1364-8152
Subject:
computer software; drainage; geographic information systems; hydrologic models; land use change; landscapes; watersheds; Chile; France
Abstract:
... Flowpaths are significantly affected by land use change and engineered elements across urban catchments. Conventional GIS-based tools for extracting drainage networks were not developed for urban terrains. This work presents Geo-PUMMA, a GIS toolbox to generate vectorial meshes for terrain representation in distributed hydrological modeling, and to extract drainage patterns in urban and peri-urban ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.01.022

44. A Google Earth Engine Application to Retrieve Long-Term Surface Temperature for Small Lakes. Case: San Pedro Lagoons, Chile

Author:
María Pedreros-Guarda; Rodrigo Abarca-del-Río; Karen Escalona; Ignacio García; Óscar Parra
Source:
Remote Sensing 2021 v.13 no.22 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
Internet; Landsat; automation; climatology; heat; lakes; remote sensing; rivers; seasonal variation; surface water temperature; time series analysis; water quality; Chile
Abstract:
... Lake surface water temperature (LSWT) is a crucial water quality parameter that modulates many lake and reservoir processes. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor it from a long-term perspective. Over the last decades, many methods to retrieve LSWT fields from satellite imagery have been developed. This work aims to test, implement and automate six methods. These are performed in the Google Earth ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs13224544

45. A Greener Urban Environment: Designing Green Infrastructure Interventions to Promote Citizens’ Subjective Wellbeing

Author:
Pablo Navarrete-Hernandez; Kate Laffan
Source:
Landscape and urban planning 2019 pp. 103618
ISSN:
0169-2046
Subject:
green infrastructure; urban areas; urban parks; urban planning; Chile
Abstract:
... Research using subjective wellbeing (SWB) measures finds that the greener an individual’s local environment is, the higher the levels of happiness and the lower levels of stress they tend to report experiencing. This literature presents positive associations between existing large-scale green spaces, such as urban parks or squares, and the wellbeing of residents living in close proximity to them. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103618

46. A Heterologous Viral Protein Scaffold for Chimeric Antigen Design: An Example PCV2 Virus Vaccine Candidate

Author:
Emilio Lamazares; Fernando Gutiérrez; Angela Hidalgo; Nicolas A. Gutiérrez; Felipe I. Espinoza; Oliberto Sánchez; Marcelo Cortez-San Martín; Carolina Mascayano; Javier González; José Saavedra; Claudia Altamirano; Manuel Mansur; Álvaro Ruiz; Jorge R. Toledo
Source:
Viruses 2020 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4915
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Porcine circovirus-2; Tobacco necrosis virus; adverse effects; animal viruses; antibody formation; coat proteins; epitopes; genotype; immunogenicity; inactivated vaccines; inclusion bodies; piglets; recombinant fusion proteins; recombinant vaccines; scaffolding proteins; vaccine development; viral load; viruses; weight loss; Chile
Abstract:
... Recombinant vaccines have low-cost manufacturing, regulatory requirements, and reduced side effects compared to attenuated or inactivated vaccines. In the porcine industry, post-weaning multisystemic disease syndrome generates economic losses, characterized by progressive weight loss and weakness in piglets, and it is caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). We designed a chimeric antigen (Qm1) ...
DOI:
10.3390/v12040385

47. A Holocene history of monkey puzzle tree (pehuén) in northernmost Patagonia

Author:
William Nanavati; Cathy Whitlock; Valeria Outes; Gustavo Villarosa
Source:
Journal of biogeography 2021 v.48 no.4 pp. 833-846
ISSN:
0305-0270
Subject:
American Indians; Araucaria araucana; Holocene epoch; Nothofagus; Pinus; Poaceae; biogeography; charcoal; climate; deforestation; ecosystems; fire history; forest steppe; forests; land use; landscapes; paleoclimatology; paleoecology; pollen; shrublands; silviculture; Argentina; Chile
Abstract:
... AIM: Although it is established that climate and fire have greatly influenced the long‐term ecosystem dynamics of Patagonia south of 40°S, the environmental history from northernmost Patagonia (37–40°S), where endemic and endangered monkey puzzle tree (Araucaria araucana) occurs, is poorly known. Here we ask: (a) What is the Holocene vegetation and fire history at the north‐eastern extent of A. ar ...
DOI:
10.1111/jbi.14041

48. A MILP-based operational decision-making methodology for demand-side management applied to desalinated water supply systems supported by a solar photovoltaic plant: A case study in agricultural industry

Author:
Luis Vergara-Fernandez; Maichel M. Aguayo; Luis Moran; Carlos Obreque
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2022 v.334 pp. 130123
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
agricultural industry; agricultural zoning; case studies; decision making; desalination; electricity; income; mathematical models; reverse osmosis; seawater; water management; water supply; Chile
Abstract:
... In the field of water management, desalination industry has faced various economic and environmental challenges. Renewable energies and the incorporation of operational strategies such as demand-side management have been able to contribute with the aim of facing them. Nonetheless, it is necessary to continue studying demand-side management for water supply systems emphasising it as a strategic too ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130123

49. A Management Tool for Assessing Aquaculture Environmental Impacts in Chilean Patagonian Fjords: Integrating Hydrodynamic and Pellets Dispersion Models

Author:
Tironi, Antonio; Marin, Víctor H.; Campuzano, Francisco J.
Source:
Environmental management 2010 v.45 no.5 pp. 953-962
ISSN:
0364-152X
Subject:
coastal zone management; environmental impact; fish culture; geographic information systems; hydrodynamics; models; monitoring; pellets; salmon; Chile
Abstract:
... This article introduces a management tool for salmon farming, with a scope in the local sustainability of salmon aquaculture of the Aysen Fjord, Chilean Patagonia. Based on Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) principles, the tool combines a large 3-level nested hydrodynamic model, a particle tracking module and a GIS application into an assessment tool for particulate waste dispersal of salm ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00267-010-9467-5
PubMed:
20333379

50. A Model for Estimating the Vegetation Cover in the High-Altitude Wetlands of the Andes (HAWA)

Author:
Jorge Soto; Celián Román-Figueroa; Manuel Paneque
Source:
Land 2019 v.8 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-445X
Subject:
Landsat; altitude; climate; grazing; groundwater; meadows; meteorological data; models; normalized difference vegetation index; regression analysis; remote sensing; thematic maps; vegetation cover; wet season; wetlands; Andes region; Chile
Abstract:
... The natural salt meadows of Tilopozo in the hyperarid, Atacama Desert of northern Chile, which are located at approximately 2800 m above sea level, are under pressure from industrial activity, and cultivation and grazing by local communities. In this research, the land surface covered by salt meadow vegetation was estimated from normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVI) derived from Landsat ...
DOI:
10.3390/land8010020