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1. Chemical composition and heavy metal content of Chilean seaweeds: Potential applications of seaweed meal as food and feed ingredients

Author:
Karina Véliz; Pedro Toledo; Michael Araya; María Fernanda Gómez; Vieia Villalobos; Fadia Tala
Source:
Food chemistry 2023 v.398 pp. 133866
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
crude protein; food chemistry; health effects assessments; heavy metals; macroalgae; nitrogen; Chile
Abstract:
... Seaweeds are a rich source of nutritional and functional compounds, but they also accumulate heavy metals. Here, the chemical composition (crude protein, total lipids, Nitrogen Free Extract and fiber) and the presence of minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, Se) and unwanted elements (As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Ni, Cr, Al) were determined in eleven seaweeds from Chile. Depending on the species, a g ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133866

2. 240Pu/239Pu signatures allow refining the chronology of radionuclide fallout in South America

Author:
Pierre-Alexis Chaboche; Fabien Pointurier; Pierre Sabatier; Anthony Foucher; Tales Tiecher; Jean P.G. Minella; Marcos Tassano; Amélie Hubert; Sergio Morera; Stéphane Guédron; Christophe Ardois; Béatrice Boulet; Catherine Cossonnet; Pablo Cabral; Mirel Cabrera; Guillermo Chalar; Olivier Evrard
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.843 pp. 156943
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
USSR; environment; plutonium; radioactive fallout; sediments; Chile; Polynesia; Uruguay
Abstract:
... Atmospheric nuclear tests (1945–1980) have led to radioactive fallout across the globe. French tests in Polynesia (1966–1974) may influence the signature of fallout in South America in addition to those conducted by USA and former USSR until 1963 in the Northern hemisphere. Here, we compiled the ²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu atom ratios reported for soils of South America and conducted additional measurements to ex ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156943

3. Abundance of Benthic Algae in Forestry Watersheds and the Associated Forest Cover Factors

Author:
Guillermo Barrientos; Andrés Iroumé; Héctor Ulloa; Silvia Basualto; Oscar Parra
Source:
Forests 2022 v.13 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Pinus radiata; ammonium; canopy; forestry; forests; nitrates; pH; phosphorus; regression analysis; solar radiation; water; water quality; water temperature; Chile
Abstract:
... We analyzed the abundance of benthic algae in nine forested headwater watersheds in south-central Chile to study the relationship between the variability of the abundance of benthic algae and physicochemical parameters and forest cover factors. Between 10 November 2015 and 18 August 2016, we sampled benthic algae and physicochemical parameters in the streams and characterized forest cover factors ...
DOI:
10.3390/f13030378

4. Accumulation of delphinidin derivatives and other bioactive compound in wild maqui under different environmental conditions and fruit ripening stages

Author:
Antonio A. Pinto; Verónica Fuentealba-Sandoval; Maria Dolores López; Karen Peña-Rojas; Susana Fischer
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2022 v.184 pp. 115064
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
Aristotelia chilensis; abiotic stress; anthocyanins; antioxidant activity; bioactive compounds; biosynthesis; chemical constituents of plants; delphinidin; flavonols; fruits; gallic acid; polyphenols; raw materials; Chile
Abstract:
... There is a growing interest in food and bioactive compounds with health benefits. Several studies on wild fruits have reported high anthocyanin contents and antioxidant potential mainly influenced by abiotic stress, particularly in native berries. Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz), a Chilean native berry, has been referred as a “superfruit” due to its phytochemical composition and antiox ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.115064

5. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity from Amaryllis belladonna growing in Chile: enzymatic and molecular docking studies

Author:
Mónica Mella; Felipe Moraga-Nicolás; Juan Machuca; Andrés Quiroz; Ana Mutis; José Becerra; Álvaro Astudillo; Emilio Hormazábal
Source:
Natural product research 2022 v.36 no.5 pp. 1370-1374
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
Amaryllis belladonna; acetylcholinesterase; chloroform; computer simulation; hexane; lycorine; research; silica gel; Chile
Abstract:
... Alkaloid profiles from Amaryllis belladonna plants collected in Chile were examined by GC-MS to assess their inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) using in vitro and in silico methodologies. The alkaloid extract was roughly separated by column chromatography on silica gel. AChE inhibitory activities from extracts and purified alkaloids were tested by the Ellman method and a molecular ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2021.1872075

6. Adaptation of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) to Australian Environments

Author:
Richard Snowball; Harmohinder S. Dhammu; Mario Francesco D’Antuono; David Troldahl; Ian Biggs; Callen Thompson; Mark Warmington; Amanda Pearce; Darshan L. Sharma
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Chenopodium quinoa; Mediterranean climate; agronomy; autumn; color; genetic variation; germplasm; irrigation; rain; seed color; seed development; seed size; seed yield; spring; statistical models; summer; winter; Australia; Bolivia; Chile; Peru
Abstract:
... Quinoa is being evaluated in cropping systems in many countries outside of its natural range of South America. Very few attempts have been made by farmers or researchers to grow or evaluate quinoa under Australian environments. Given the growing popularity of quinoa with consumers, new commercial opportunities for farmers and international interest in the crop, it was timely to undertake a compreh ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12092026

7. Adaptive mitochondrial genome functioning in ecologically different farm-impacted natural seedbeds of the endemic blue mussel Mytilus chilensis

Author:
Marco Yévenes; Gustavo Núñez-Acuña; Cristian Gallardo-Escárate; Gonzalo Gajardo
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2022 v.42 pp. 100955
ISSN:
1744-117X
Subject:
Mytilus chilensis; Mytilus edulis; genetic variation; habitats; indigenous species; industry; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; mussels; oxidative phosphorylation; sequence analysis; transcriptome; transcriptomics; Chile
Abstract:
... We assessed the adaptive contribution of the mitochondrial genes involved with the respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation of the blue mussel Mytilus chilensis, a native and heavily exploited species in the inner sea of Chiloé Island, southern Chile. The assembled mitochondrial transcriptome of individuals from two ecologically different farm-impacted natural seedbeds, Cochamó (41°S) and Y ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100955

8. Adoption and impacts of fishing gear innovations: Insights from a small-scale fishery in Chile

Author:
Felipe Torres Cañete; Rodrigo Oyanedel; Stefan Gelcich
Source:
Fisheries research 2022 v.248 pp. 106200
ISSN:
0165-7836
Subject:
bycatch; fish; food security; research; Chile
Abstract:
... Small-scale fisheries contribute to food security and employ millions around the world. Overexploitation, however, threatens the suite of benefits that they can provide. Adopting innovations in gear technology can help to solve problems in fisheries (e.g. by-catch) but can also fuel overexploitation, with detrimental social, ecological, and economic impacts. Early assessments of the impacts of fis ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fishres.2021.106200

9. Agriculture and Temperate Fruit Crop Dynamics in South-Central Chile: Challenges for Fruit Crop Production in La Araucanía Region, Chile

Author:
Tatiana Montenegro-Romero; Cristián Vergara-Fernández; Fabian Argandoña-Castro; Fernando Peña-Cortés
Source:
Land 2022 v.11 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-445X
Subject:
cattle; crop production; forest plantations; forests; fruits; land use; Chile
Abstract:
... The expansion of agricultural, forest plantation, and urban areas is among the main drivers of worldwide land use/cover change. However, little is known about the changes in the extent of highly profitable crops in the temperate zones of South America and their association with other land use/cover changes, especially in south-central Chile, which has experienced massive changes in recent decades. ...
DOI:
10.3390/land11060788

10. Allelic diversity of three anthocyanin synthesis genes in accessions of native Solanum tuberosum L. ssp. tuberosum at the Potato Genebank of the Universidad Austral de Chile

Author:
J. L. Solís; J. Muth; J. Canales; C. Lizana; D. Pruefer; R. Riegel; A. Behn
Source:
Genetic resources and crop evolution 2022 v.69 no.1 pp. 297-314
ISSN:
0925-9864
Subject:
Solanum tuberosum; allelic variation; anthocyanins; biosynthesis; evolution; food security; gene banks; loci; metabolites; mutation; nutrition; pigmentation; potatoes; Chile
Abstract:
... The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most important crop for global food security. Its tubers contain high concentrations of antioxidants, especially in genotypes with red or purple pigmentation. The Potato Genebank of the Universidad Austral of Chile includes accessions that show pigmentation in their flesh and/or skin as well as high levels of anthocyanins, but little is known about t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10722-021-01230-4

11. Ambient temperature and term birthweight in Latin American cities

Author:
Maryia Bakhtsiyarava; Ana Ortigoza; Brisa N. Sánchez; Ariela Braverman-Bronstein; Josiah L. Kephart; Santiago Rodríguez López; Jordan Rodríguez; Ana V. Diez Roux
Source:
Environment international 2022 v.167 pp. 107412
ISSN:
0160-4120
Subject:
air temperature; ambient temperature; children; climate change; climatic zones; conception; education; gestational age; low birth weight; neonates; pregnancy; public health; Brazil; Chile; Latin America; Mexico
Abstract:
... Extreme temperatures may lead to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, including low birthweight. Studies on the impact of temperature on birthweight have been inconclusive due to methodological challenges related to operationalizing temperature exposure, the definitions of exposure windows, accounting for gestational age, and a limited geographic scope. We combined data on individual-level term l ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envint.2022.107412

12. Analysis of the Relative Importance of the Main Hydrological Processes at Different Temporal Scales in Watersheds of South-Central Chile

Author:
Yelena Medina; Enrique Muñoz; Robert Clasing; José Luis Arumí
Source:
Water 2022 v.14 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
groundwater; models; runoff; soil water; temporal variation; water management; Chile
Abstract:
... In Chile in recent years, changes in precipitation and temperatures have been reported that could affect water resource management and planning. One way of facing these changes is studying and understanding the behavior of hydrological processes at a regional scale and their different temporal scales. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the importance of the hydrological processes ...
DOI:
10.3390/w14050807

13. Anthropogenic Disturbances and the Emergence of Native Diseases: a Threat to Forest Health

Author:
Treena I. Burgess; Jonàs Oliva; Sarah J. Sapsford; Monique L. Sakalidis; Felipe Balocchi; Trudy Paap
Source:
Current forestry reports 2022 v.8 no.2 pp. 111-123
ISSN:
2198-6436
Subject:
Araucaria; climate; forest decline; forest management; forest pathogens; forests; global change; trees; vigor; weather; Australia; Chile; Spain
Abstract:
... PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Human-caused global change is fundamentally altering natural forest ecosystems. More trees are exhibiting a wide range of symptoms indicative of poor vigour, particularly stressed species at the edge of their native ranges and stands growing on marginal sites. This review will focus on complex tree diseases (declines) caused by native pathogens and the key environmental drivers ...
DOI:
10.1007/s40725-022-00163-0

14. Apicomplexans in small mammals from Chile, with the first report of the Babesia microti group in South American rodents

Author:
Adriana M. Santodomingo; Richard S. Thomas; Julian F. Quintero-Galvis; Diana M. Echeverry-Berrio; María Carolina Silva-de la Fuente; Lucila Moreno-Salas; Sebastián Muñoz-Leal
Source:
Parasitology research 2022 v.121 no.3 pp. 1009-1020
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Anaplasmataceae; Babesia microti; Hepatozoon; Oligoryzomys longicaudatus; Phyllotis; Protozoa; Sarcocystidae; Thylamys; blood; genes; genotype; loci; parasitology; phylogeny; research; Chile
Abstract:
... Small mammals play an essential role as disseminators of pathogens because they reach high population densities and have ubiquitous distributions. In the Northern Hemisphere rodents are well recognized as reservoirs for tick-borne bacteria of the Anaplasmataceae family and also apicomplexan protozoans. In contrast, South American rodents hosting these microorganisms have been rarely identified. In ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-022-07452-4

15. Applicability of spatial prediction models for landslide susceptibility in land-use zoning instruments: a guideline in a coastal settlement in South-Central Chile

Author:
Pablo López; Jorge Qüense; Cristian Henríquez; Carolina Martínez
Source:
Geocarto international 2022 v.37 no.22 pp. 6474-6493
ISSN:
1752-0762
Subject:
guidelines; land use; landslides; linear models; prediction; Chile
Abstract:
... Landslide hazard is usually incorporated into land-use planning as susceptibility zoning. Multiple-variable models have been widely used for susceptibility zoning due to their advantage to use different performance techniques to improve their prediction capacity. In Chile, the incorporation of landslide hazard into land-use planning instruments lacks a frame of reference that defines the susceptib ...
DOI:
10.1080/10106049.2021.1939440

16. Applying and comparing various nutrient profiling models against the packaged food supply in South Africa

Author:
Tamryn Frank; Shu Wen Ng; Donna R Miles; Elizabeth C Swart
Source:
Public health nutrition 2022 v.25 no.8 pp. 2296-2307
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
cross-sectional studies; food availability; models; public health; Chile; South Africa
Abstract:
... This study aimed to apply the newly developed Chile Adjusted Model (CAM) nutrient profiling model (NPM) to the food supply in South Africa (SA) and compare its performance against existing NPM as an indication of suitability for use to underpin food policies targeted at discouraging consumption of products high in nutrients associated with poor health. Cross-sectional analysis of the SA-packaged f ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980022000374

17. Aqueous two‐phase systems in Latin America: perspective and future trends

Author:
Mirna González‐González; Guillermo Picó; Álvaro Silva Lima; Cassamo Ussemane Mussagy; Jorge Fernando Brandão Pereira; Hector Marcelo Fernandez‐Lahore; Juan A. Asenjo; Marco Rito‐Palomares
Source:
Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 2022 v.97 no.6 pp. 1353-1362
ISSN:
0268-2575
Subject:
bioprocessing; biotechnology; health services; therapeutics; Argentina; Brazil; Chile; Latin America; Mexico
Abstract:
... Aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPS) have been demonstrated to be a simple and robust worldwide applied bioprocessing technology. From high value microscopic to macroscopic biological molecules obtained from a wide broad of matrices, ATPS have shown a high efficiency capacity for their concentration, enrichment, recovery, and purification. Particularly in Latin America, four relevant countries have pa ...
DOI:
10.1002/jctb.6890

18. Arsenic concentration in topsoil of central Chile is associated with aberrant methylation of P53 gene in human blood cells: a cross-sectional study

Author:
Eva Madrid; Isabel Gonzalez-Miranda; Sergio Muñoz; Carolina Rejas; Felipe Cardemil; Felipe Martinez; Juan Pablo Cortes; Maite Berasaluce; Mario Párraga
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research 2022 v.29 no.32 pp. 48250-48259
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
DNA methylation; arsenic; coasts; cross-sectional studies; decision making; gene expression; heavy metals; humans; neoplasms; pollution; promoter regions; remediation; research; topsoil; tumor suppressor genes; Chile
Abstract:
... Gene expression can be modified in people who are chronically exposed to high concentrations of heavy metals. The soil surrounding the Ventanas Industrial Complex, located on the coastal zone of Puchuncaví and Quintero townships (Chile), contain heavy metal concentrations (As, Cu, Pb, Zn, among others) that far exceed international standards. The aim of this study was to determine the potential as ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-022-19085-2

19. Assessing forest degradation using multivariate and machine‐learning methods in the Patagonian temperate rain forest

Author:
Alex Fajardo; Juan C. Llancabure; Paulo C. Moreno
Source:
Ecological applications 2022 v.32 no.2 pp. e2495
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
artificial intelligence; data collection; deforestation; forest damage; forest stands; fuelwood; greenhouse gases; indigenous species; introduced species; invasive species; livestock; rain forests; soil nutrients; species richness; tree and stand measurements; Chile
Abstract:
... The process of forest degradation, along with deforestation, is the second greatest producer of global greenhouse gas emissions. A key challenge that remains unresolved is how to quantify the critical threshold that distinguishes a degraded from a non‐degraded forest. We determined the critical threshold of forest degradation in mature stands belonging to the temperate evergreen rain forest of sou ...
DOI:
10.1002/eap.2495

20. Assessing land surface phenology in Araucaria-Nothofagus forests in Chile with Landsat 8/Sentinel-2 time series

Author:
E. Kosczor; M. Forkel; J. Hernández; D. Kinalczyk; F. Pirotti; E. Kutchartt
Source:
International journal of applied earth observation and geoinformation 2022 v.112 pp. 102862
ISSN:
1569-8432
Subject:
Landsat; Nothofagus antarctica; climate; ecosystems; national parks; phenology; remote sensing; spatial data; spring; summer; temperature; time series analysis; trees; vegetation index; winter; Argentina; Chile
Abstract:
... The Araucaria-Nothofagus forests are a unique ecosystem in temperate rainforests of Chile and Argentina. They include red-listed species and have a high cultural importance for the ancestral population and thus require continuous monitoring to support conservation. Monitoring of phenology by satellite observations is a key tool to quantify the impact of climate variability on terrestrial vegetatio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jag.2022.102862

21. Assessing the socio-economic and land-cover drivers of wildfire activity and its spatiotemporal distribution in south-central Chile

Author:
Rocío A. Pozo; Mauricio Galleguillos; Mauro E. González; Felipe Vásquez; Rodrigo Arriagada
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.810 pp. 152002
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
environment; forests; humans; land cover; population density; summer; trees; unemployment; wildfires; Chile; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... Sustained human pressures on the environment have significantly increased the frequency, extent, and severity of wildfires, globally. This is particularly the case in Mediterranean regions, in which human-caused wildfires represent up to 90% of all recorded wildfire ignitions. In Chile, it has been estimated that nearly 90% of wildfires are related to human activities, and that their frequency and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152002

22. Assessing tradeoffs in the design of climate change adaptation strategies for water utilities in Chile

Author:
Iñigo Ricalde; Sebastián Vicuña; Oscar Melo; James E. Tomlinson; Julien J. Harou; Greg Characklis
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2022 v.302 pp. 114035
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
case studies; climate; climate change; drought; environmental management; greenhouse gas emissions; hydrology; markets; politics; simulation models; stakeholders; uncertainty; water supply; water utilities; Chile
Abstract:
... Climate change is a challenge to drinking water providers worldwide and to regulatory frameworks that consider long-term investment decisions. Coping with an unstable climate warrants adjustments in regulations and new investments. The investment required to maintain a selected service level needs to balance the potential for high regret stranded assets with the political and socioeconomic consequ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114035

23. Assessment of Microbial Community Composition Changes in the Presence of Phytoplankton-Derived Exudates in Two Contrasting Areas from Chilean Patagonia

Author:
Valentina Valdés-Castro; Humberto E. González; Ricardo Giesecke; Camila Fernández; Verónica Molina
Source:
Diversity 2022 v.14 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
alpha-Proteobacteria; bacterial communities; community structure; dissolved organic carbon; epsilon-Proteobacteria; estuaries; gamma-Proteobacteria; salinity; Chile
Abstract:
... Patagonian fjords and channels in southern Chile are heterogeneous ecosystems characterized by the interaction of estuarine and marine waters influencing physical-chemical conditions and biological assemblages. Besides salinity, microbial communities from estuarine and marine origin are naturally subjected to changing organic matter quality and variable nutrient concentrations. In this study, we t ...
DOI:
10.3390/d14030195

24. Assessment of Natural Transmission of Bovine Leukemia Virus in Dairies from Southern Chile

Author:
Bibiana Benavides; Gustavo Monti
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.13 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Bovine leukemia virus; adults; artificial insemination; blood serum; cattle; farms; longitudinal studies; milk; risk; risk management; Chile
Abstract:
... Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus that affects cattle worldwide. A longitudinal study was conducted with the aim to (a) estimate the incidence rate of the BLV infection of dairy farms in the regions of Los Ríos and Los Lagos (Chile), and (b) describe the frequency and epidemiological association of risk management practices related to new cases in cattle on dairy farms in Southern Chile. ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12131734

25. Assessment of fitness traits of pure and mixed crosses of Mastrus ridens populations to improve classical biological control of codling moth

Author:
W.R. Manoharie Sandanayaka; Heather K. Jenkins; Vicky A. Davis; Natalie E.M. Page-Weir; Asha Chhagan; Aurélie Blin; Tania Zaviezo
Source:
Biological control 2022 v.169 pp. 104899
ISSN:
1049-9644
Subject:
Cydia pomonella; Ichneumonidae; biological control; diploidy; genetic variation; heterozygosity; maternal effect; progeny; reproductive performance; Chile; New Zealand
Abstract:
... Populations of natural enemies in classical biological control programs often undergo recurring bottlenecks during importation and rearing, which can result in lower genetic variability and fitness.Enriching colonies with wild individuals, multiple importations or combining populations from different origins may help reduce this problem. Mastrus ridens (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a gregarious id ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocontrol.2022.104899

26. Assessment of the Vaccination Program against Cystic Echinococcosis in Sheep in the Pehuenche Community of Central Chile

Author:
Paula Gädicke; David Heath; Angela Medina-Brunet; María Carolina Siva-de la Fuente; Hellen Espinoza-Rojas; Carmen Villaguala-Pacheco; Makarena Rubilar; Carolina Cerda; Manuel Quezada; Daniela Rojas; AnaLía Henríquez; Marco Loyola; Carlos Landaeta-Aqueveque
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
deworming; dogs; echinococcosis; endemic diseases; protoscoleces; sheep; vaccination; vaccines; zoonoses; Chile
Abstract:
... Echinococcosis is a neglected zoonosis that uses dogs and sheep as its main hosts in Chile. The Eg95 vaccine against sheep infection has been included in some control programs. Here, we assess the efficacy of the vaccination program in the hyperendemic Alto Biobío commune after 3 years of execution. Fisher’s test and generalized linear models were used in the assessment. The program tried to offer ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12060679

27. Assisted network governance: An inclusive innovation to mitigate extreme water scarcity

Author:
Denise Gutiérrez; Johannes Glückler
Source:
Global environmental change 2022 v.76 pp. 102577
ISSN:
0959-3780
Subject:
global change; governance; infrastructure; models; rivers; social networks; stakeholders; water shortages; Chile
Abstract:
... We study a local innovation of natural resource governance in Chile in times of extreme water scarcity. Through the issuance of a scarcity decree, the government obliges local water user associations (WUAs) to reach viable water redistribution agreements in order to avoid being overruled by the state. In the Aconcagua River, the government together with the WUAs created the Executive Committee, wh ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102577

28. Balancing ecological and social goals in PES design – Single objective strategies are not sufficient

Author:
F. Benra; L. Nahuelhual; M. Felipe-Lucia; A. Jaramillo; C. Jullian; A. Bonn
Source:
Ecosystem services 2022 v.53 pp. 101385
ISSN:
2212-0416
Subject:
ecosystem services; ecosystems; farms; forests; habitat connectivity; land tenure; land use change; natural resources conservation; rural areas; socioeconomics; sustainable development; Chile
Abstract:
... Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) are key instruments to foster environmental conservation and, arguably, social development goals. PES are, however, commonly designed based on a single environmental objective (e.g., conservation of native forest areas), and expected to simultaneously fulfil social goals which are rarely evaluated. Thus, to meet social goals, PES design needs to transcend sing ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101385

29. Bean production and soil chemical properties are affected by the application of different residue levels from three crop rotations

Author:
Juan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus
Source:
Archiv für Acker- und Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde 2022 v.68 no.9 pp. 1205-1216
ISSN:
1476-3567
Subject:
beans; corn; crop residues; durum wheat; experimental design; fertilizer application; irrigation; organic matter; volcanic soils; Chile
Abstract:
... Crop rotations and residue management contribute to the sustainability of the soil and environment and reduction of fertiliser use. However, appropriate crop and residue level combinations have yet to be determined to maximise productivity, while ensuring the preservation of soil resources in different agricultural production systems. The experiment evaluated production and soil chemical propertie ...
DOI:
10.1080/03650340.2021.1878155

30. Benthic Bacterial Diversity of High-Altitude Athalassohaline Lakes of the Puna de Atacama (Central Andes)

Author:
Andrea K. Borsodi; Júlia Margit Aszalós; Melinda Megyes; Balázs Nagy
Source:
Geomicrobiology journal 2022 v.39 no.1 pp. 28-38
ISSN:
1521-0529
Subject:
Arthrobacter; Chlorobi; Chloroflexi; Cyanobacteria; Deferribacteres; Deinococcus-Thermus; Firmicutes; Halomonas; Idiomarina; Lentisphaerae; Marinobacter; Nitratireductor; Planctomycetes; Psychroflexus; Spirochaetae; Tenericutes; Verrucomicrobia; altitude; bacterial communities; benthic ecosystems; biodegradation; carbon; community structure; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; nitrogen; primary productivity; sediments; sulfur; Andes region; Chile
Abstract:
... High-altitude saline lakes (located more than 3000 m a.s.l.) provide multiple environmental extremities for polyextremophilic bacteria. In this study, lake sediment samples from Laguna Santa Rosa and microbial mat samples from the warm water pool of Laguna Verde (Puna de Atacama, Chile) were examined by cultivation and pyrosequencing. The 16S rRNA gene-based identification showed that most of the ...
DOI:
10.1080/01490451.2021.2000072

31. Biochemical characterization of Peumus boldus fruits: Insights of its antioxidant properties through a theoretical approach

Author:
Carolina Otero; Sebastián Miranda-Rojas; Felipe M. Llancalahuén; Juan A. Fuentes; Cristian Atala; Gloria González-Silva; Diego Verdugo; Paulina Sierra-Rosales; Adrián Moreno; Felipe Gordillo-Fuenzalida
Source:
Food chemistry 2022 v.370 pp. 131012
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
Peumus boldus; anti-inflammatory activity; antioxidants; bark; catechin; chrysin; cytotoxicity; diet; food chemistry; fruit extracts; fruits; headache; human health; indigenous species; indigestion; inflammation; liquid chromatography; macrophages; mass spectrometry; mice; models; oxidation; quantum mechanics; quercetin; redox potential; synergism; trees; urinary tract; Chile
Abstract:
... Peumus boldus is an endemic tree species from Chile whose leaves have been the focus of study for decades given that their infusions are reported to relieve rheumatic symptoms, headache, dyspepsia, urinary tract inflammation, and symptoms of other illnesses. These health properties have been studied mainly using leaves and bark, then it is relevant to know more about these properties in different ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131012

32. Biological activity of native Myrtaceae fruits from Chile as a potential functional food

Author:
Patricia Velásquez; Jocelyn Orellana; Eduardo Muñoz-Carvajal; Mario Faúndez; Miguel Gómez; Gloria Montenegro; Ady Giordano
Source:
Natural product research 2022 v.36 no.12 pp. 3138-3142
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
Myrtaceae; Salmonella Typhi; Staphylococcus aureus; antibacterial properties; antioxidant activity; cytotoxicity; dietary supplements; functional foods; indigenous peoples; medicine; polyphenols; research; Chile
Abstract:
... Myrtaceae fruits (Myrceugenia obtusa, Luma apiculata, and Luma chequen) were used as food and medicine by Chilean indigenous people. This study aimed to evaluate the bioactive properties of these berry-type fruits. The antioxidant capacity determined by the FRAP assay varied between 10.4 and 646.9 mmol Fe⁺²/g, while the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi was ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2021.1940176

33. Breakfast in Latin America: Evaluation of Nutrient and Food Group Intake Toward a Nutrient-Based Recommendation

Author:
Irina Kovalskys; Mauro Fisberg; Agatha Nogueira Previdelli; Jaqueline Lopes Pereira; Ioná Zalcman Zimberg; Viviana Guajardo; Regina Fisberg; Gerson Ferrari; Georgina Gómez; Attilio Rigotti; Lilia Y. Cortés Sanabria; Martha C. Yépez García; Marianella Herrera-Cuenca; María Reyna Liria Domínguez; ELANS Study Group
Source:
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2022 v.122 no.6 pp. 1099-1113.e3
ISSN:
2212-2672
Subject:
added sugars; breakfast; butter; calcium; cross-sectional studies; dietetics; food groups; food intake; margarine; milk; nutrient content; nutrient density; potassium; tea; Argentina; Brazil; Chile; Colombia; Costa Rica; Ecuador; Latin America; Peru; Venezuela
Abstract:
... Little is known about breakfast habits of the Latin American (LA) population to support nutritional recommendations for a balanced breakfast in this region. To evaluate the nutritional composition of breakfast in the LA population and to propose recommendations for a balanced breakfast. This multicenter cross-sectional study evaluated food and nutrient intake of nationally representative samples o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jand.2021.11.012

34. Breeding distribution and status of Great Frigatebird Fregata minor in Chile

Author:
Manuel Marín; Rodrigo González
Source:
Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 2022 v.142 no.2 pp. 224-230
ISSN:
2513-9894
Subject:
Fregata minor; eggs; Chile
Abstract:
... We clarify the breeding status of Great Frigatebird Fregata minor in Chile, and describe the discovery of a new breeding colony at the Islas Desventuradas, which becomes the species' south-easternmost outpost in the Pacific. However, recent suggestions that it breeds on Rapa Nui appear to be unconfirmed, and there are no records at all for the Juan Fernández archipelago. Based on currently availab ...
DOI:
10.25226/bboc.v142i2.2022.a6

35. Brown algae (Lessonia nigrescens, species complex) fisheries of northern Chile evaluated through the DPSIR approach: Social and economic impact of management strategies.

Author:
Fernando Berrios; Jorge E. González; Leonardo Campos; Daniel E. Campbell; Estefanía Bonnail
Source:
Ocean & coastal management 2022 v.224 pp. 106198
ISSN:
0964-5691
Subject:
Lessonia nigrescens; coastal zone management; coasts; economic impact; fisheries; fisheries management; governance; macroalgae; supply balance; traditional technology; Chile
Abstract:
... The kelp (Lessonia nigrescens, species complex) resource is, in economic and social terms, one of the main benthic fisheries in northern Chile. The fishery for this resource is artisanal in character and operates under a free access regime. However, in response to increasing market demand extractive activity has expanded from the collection of dead plants to direct extraction. This resource has bi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106198

36. Burying, not broadcasting seeds improves the seedling establishment of most woody species under different ecological conditions in a semiarid ecosystem of central Chile

Author:
Pablo I. Becerra; Naijem Aqueveque; Nicolás Velasco
Source:
Restoration ecology 2022 v.30 no.2 pp. e13551
ISSN:
1061-2971
Subject:
canopy; ecological restoration; ecosystems; grasslands; irrigation; plant establishment; seedlings; semiarid zones; soil; species richness; water content; woody plants; Chile
Abstract:
... The importance of the sowing method (broadcasting or burying) for seedling establishment, and the extent to which environmental conditions modulate differences between these sowing methods, are understudied. When seeds are buried, they may be exposed to soil conditions with higher moisture content than broadcast. This advantage may occur especially under drier soil conditions within a semiarid cli ...
DOI:
10.1111/rec.13551

37. Can the territorial use rights in fisheries (TURF) stabilize the landings of a highly variable benthic resource? Reexamining the fishery of Concholepas concholepas in North-Central Chile

Author:
Osvaldo Cerda; Wolfgang B. Stotz
Source:
Ocean & coastal management 2022 v.224 pp. 106158
ISSN:
0964-5691
Subject:
Concholepas concholepas; coastal zone management; fisheries; larvae; space and time; Chile; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... The fishery of the muricid gastropod Concholepas concholepas is iconic in the southeast Pacific Ocean, since several studies on the species served as basis for changing from an open access regime to territorial user rights in fisheries (TURFs), in the form of management and exploitation areas for benthic resources. This predatory gastropod can be abundant in exposed rocky shores, yet its landings ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106158

38. Carbon dioxide emissions at local scale linked to soil heterotrophic activity from an experimentally simulated drained peatland in Western Patagonia (Tierra del Fuego, Chile)

Author:
Carolin Córdova; Claudia Garrido‐Ruiz; Ángela Machuca; Erick Zagal; Raúl Orrego; Victor Finot
Source:
Soil use and management 2022 v.38 no.1 pp. 304-317
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
administrative management; carbon dioxide; ecosystems; greenhouse gases; land use change; microbial carbon; mineralization; peatlands; soil; temperature; Argentina; Chile
Abstract:
... Greenhouse gas emissions from managed peatlands have not been extensively studied in Western Patagonia. The objective of this study was to assess the annual CO₂ emission from microbial carbon (C) mineralization in a peatland site under not saturated conditions at Tierra del Fuego. The annual CO₂ emissions were measured from unsaturated soil samples (n = 41) under soil incubation at seasonal local ...
DOI:
10.1111/sum.12708

39. Cardioprotective Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms Induced by Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia

Author:
Alejandro González-Candia; Alejandro A. Candia; Adolfo Paz; Fuad Mobarec; Rodrigo Urbina-Varela; Andrea del Campo; Emilio A. Herrera; Rodrigo L. Castillo
Source:
Antioxidants 2022 v.11 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-3921
Subject:
acute exposure; adults; altitude; animal models; antioxidant activity; atmospheric pressure; biomarkers; cardiac output; cardioprotective effect; caspase-1; echocardiography; free radicals; heart; humans; hypoxia; inflammasomes; normoxia; oxidative stress; people; Andes region; Chile
Abstract:
... More than 80 million people live and work (in a chronic or intermittent form) above 2500 masl, and 35 million live in the Andean Mountains. Furthermore, in Chile, it is estimated that 100,000 people work in high-altitude shifts, where stays in the lowlands are interspersed with working visits in the highlands. Acute exposure to high altitude has been shown to induce oxidative stress in healthy hum ...
DOI:
10.3390/antiox11061043

40. Chagas disease in northern Chile: Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in children, dogs and triatomine bugs

Author:
Carolina Reyes; Christian R. González; Sergio Alvarado; Leticia Flores; Catherine Martin; Alan Oyarce; María Paz Aylwin; Mauricio Canals; Alonso Parra; Lara Valderrama
Source:
Acta tropica 2022 v.235 pp. 106631
ISSN:
0001-706X
Subject:
Chagas disease; Loa; Triatoma infestans; Trypanosoma cruzi; blood; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; fluorescent antibody technique; human population; intestines; monitoring; polymerase chain reaction; risk; seroprevalence; Chile
Abstract:
... Chagas disease is an anthropozoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, transmitted by triatomine vectors. In Chile, there are four species of triatomine bugs that are potential vectors of T. cruzi, being Triatoma infestans the main vector in endemic areas of the country. The “Programa Nacional de Control Vectorial de la Enfermedad de Chagas de Chile” has significantly reduced the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106631

41. Changes in Soil Quality of an Urban Wetland as a Result of Anthropogenic Disturbance

Author:
John Clunes; Susana Valle; Jose Dörner; Marco Campos; Jorge Medina; Sarah Zuern; Lorena Lagos
Source:
Land 2022 v.11 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-445X
Subject:
anthropogenic activities; ecosystems; genes; land; nitrates; organic horizons; pH; soil bacteria; soil fertility; soil profiles; soil quality; wetland soils; wetlands; Chile
Abstract:
... Urban wetland soil provides ecosystem services (ES) through their functions. Changes in soil properties due to anthropogenic disturbances lead to a loss of soil quality. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of nearby anthropic disturbance on the chemical, physical and biological properties of the urban wetland soil. Soil samples were collected from four sites (P1, P2, P3 and P4) loc ...
DOI:
10.3390/land11030394

42. Changes in the Composition of Flavonols and Organic Acids during Ripening for Three cv. Sauvignon Blanc Clones Grown in a Cool-Climate Valley

Author:
Pierina Peirano-Bolelli; Florencia Heller-Fuenzalida; Italo F. Cuneo; Álvaro Peña-Neira; Alejandro Cáceres-Mella
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
agronomy; chemical analysis; discriminant analysis; flavonols; grapes; malic acid; tartaric acid; titratable acidity; Chile; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... The influence of the geographical location and clone type on the contents of flavonols and organic acids of Sauvignon blanc grapes over the ripening process was investigated. The assay was carried out on three commercial clones of cv. Sauvignon blanc (Clone 242, Clone 107, and Clone 1-Davis) grown in two zones (referred to as low and high zones) in Casablanca Valley, Chile. The low zone is closer ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12061357

43. Changes of cell wall-associated polysaccharides and sugars during development and ripening of arrayan (Luma apiculata) and lleuque (Prumnopitys andina) fruits

Author:
Felipe A. Sáez; María Graciela Aguayo; Regis Teixeira Mendonça; Lida Fuentes; Carlos R. Figueroa
Source:
Acta physiologiae plantarum 2022 v.44 no.1 pp. 9
ISSN:
0137-5881
Subject:
acidity; arabinose; cell walls; environmental factors; firmness; fruit quality; fruiting; fruits; galactose; glucose; lignin; pectins; rhamnose; xylose; Andes region; Chile
Abstract:
... In recent years, many non-commercial native fruit have been characterized in the search for functional ingredients; however, their cell wall and sugar composition are less well known. In this research, changes in cell wall components, principally pectin and monomeric sugar composition were evaluated in three different developmental stages of two Chilean native fruits, arrayan (Luma apiculata) and ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11738-021-03344-9

44. Characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus isolated in a veterinary teaching hospital in Chile

Author:
Francisco Abusleme; Nicolás Galarce; Mario Quezada-Aguiluz; Daniela Iragüen; Gerardo González-Rocha
Source:
Revista argentina microbiología 2022 v.54 no.3 pp. 192-202
ISSN:
0325-7541
Subject:
antibiotic resistance; clindamycin; coagulase positive staphylococci; disk diffusion antimicrobial test; genes; genetic relationships; genetic variation; hospitals; methicillin; observational studies; risk; Chile
Abstract:
... There is limited information about the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CoPS) strains in veterinary settings in Chile. The aim of this observational study was to identify and characterize CoPS strains from dogs, owners, veterinary professionals and surfaces in a veterinary teaching hospital at Universidad de Chile to determine the presence of methic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ram.2021.12.001

45. Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Bacteriophages against Bacterial Walnut Blight and Field Evaluation

Author:
Julio Retamales; Pablo Núñez; Romina Alvarado; Erick D. M. Campan; Thierry Otto; Cristopher Segovia; Ignacio Vasquez; Javier Santander
Source:
Viruses 2022 v.14 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4915
Subject:
Xanthomonas arboricola; bacteriophages; biological control; blight; etiological agents; genetic resistance; genome; microbial load; phylogeny; walnuts; Chile; France
Abstract:
... Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (hereafter X. juglandis) is the etiological agent of walnut blight, the most important bacterial disease affecting walnut production worldwide. Currently, the disease is treated mainly with copper-derived compounds (e.g., CuSO₄) despite the evidence of genetic resistance in these strains. Regarding the effectiveness and sustainability, the use of a bacteriophag ...
DOI:
10.3390/v14071380

46. Climate change and timber in Latin America: Will the forestry sector flourish under climate change?

Author:
Alice Favero; Brent Sohngen; W. Parker Hamilton
Source:
Forest policy and economics 2022 v.135 pp. 102657
ISSN:
1389-9341
Subject:
carbon sequestration; climate; climate change; dieback; econometric models; forest policy; land use; market share; net primary productivity; timber production; Brazil; Canada; Chile; Latin America; Uruguay
Abstract:
... This paper examines the potential impact of climate change on forests and timber production in Latin America. The analysis links a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM), which projects forest migration, forest dieback, and net primary productivity spatially as a function of future climate predictions, with a dynamic optimization model of global timber markets. A global model is used because clima ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102657

47. Climatic suitability and compatibility of the invasive Iris pseudacorus L. (Iridaceae) in the Southern Hemisphere: Considerations for biocontrol

Author:
Gianmarco Minuti; Iris Stiers; Julie A. Coetzee
Source:
Biological control 2022 v.169 pp. 104886
ISSN:
1049-9644
Subject:
Aphthona; Iris pseudacorus; biological control; biological control agents; computer software; macrophytes; niches; risk; weeds; wetlands; Argentina; Australasian region; Australia; Brazil; Chile; France; Italy; Lesotho; New Zealand; Northern Africa; South Africa; Uruguay; West Asia; Western European region
Abstract:
... Iris pseudacorus L. (Iridaceae) is an emergent macrophyte native to Europe, North Africa and western Asia. Considered invasive in wetland habitats around the world, this species is now the target of a biocontrol programme in the Southern Hemisphere. Native range surveys of the weed led to the selection of the flea beetle, Aphthona nonstriata Goeze (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), as a candidate biocon ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocontrol.2022.104886

48. Combined extraction methodology for simultaneous recovery of phycobiliproteins and agar from the red alga Gracilaria chilensis C. J. Bird, McLachlan & E. C. Oliveira

Author:
Stephanie Brain-Isasi; Sebastián Correa; Juan Amado-Hinojosa; Alejandro H. Buschmann; Carolina Camus; María Elena Lienqueo
Source:
Algal research 2022 v.67 pp. 102821
ISSN:
2211-9264
Subject:
DNA; Gracilaria; agar; agarose; algae; ammonium sulfate; anion exchange chromatography; biorefining; byproducts; deformation; electrophoresis; feedstocks; fluorescence; food industry; freeze-thaw cycles; gel strength; gels; microbial growth; phycobiliprotein; research; water solubility; Chile
Abstract:
... The red alga Gracilaria chilensis C. J. Bird, McLachlan & E. C. Oliveira (Agarophyton chilense Gurgel, J.N. Norris & Fredericq) is one of the few algae commercially farmed in Chile, where this alga is commonly named “Pelillo”. G. chilensis main by-product is agar, a gelling agent used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. This alga is also a valuable feedstock for the biorefinery of phycobili ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.algal.2022.102821

49. Commercial Vaccines Do Not Confer Protection against Two Genogroups of Piscirickettsia salmonis, LF-89 and EM-90, in Atlantic Salmon

Author:
Carolina Figueroa; Débora Torrealba; Byron Morales-Lange; Luis Mercado; Brian Dixon; Pablo Conejeros; Gabriela Silva; Carlos Soto; José A. Gallardo
Source:
Biology 2022 v.11 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
2079-7737
Subject:
Piscirickettsia salmonis; Salmo salar; fish; mixed infection; mortality; pathogens; vaccines; Chile
Abstract:
... In Atlantic salmon, vaccines have failed to control and prevent Piscirickettsiosis, for reasons that remain elusive. In this study, we report the efficacy of two commercial vaccines developed with the Piscirickettsia salmonis isolates AL100005 and AL 20542 against another two genogroups which are considered highly and ubiquitously prevalent in Chile: LF-89 and EM-90. Two cohabitation trials were p ...
DOI:
10.3390/biology11070993

50. Comparison of a Chilean strain of the ichthyotoxic phytoflagellate Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae) with strains from France, Spain and New Zealand

Author:
Patricia I. Gómez; Ingrid Inostroza; Pablo Castro-Varela; Jeannette Silva; Alejandro Clément; Gabriel Rojas; Alejandra Aguilera Belmonte
Source:
Phycologia 2022 v.61 no.1 pp. 7-15
ISSN:
2330-2968
Subject:
Heterosigma akashiwo; carotenoids; estuaries; intraspecific variation; microalgae; photosynthesis; plankton; poisonous algae; salmon; toxicity; Chile; France; New Zealand; Spain
Abstract:
... Heterosigma akashiwo is a bloom-forming planktonic flagellate that causes fish mortalities, which damages the aquaculture industry worldwide. In Chile, this species was reported for the first time in 1988 when it caused one of the most dramatic harmful algal blooms in the south of the country. At that time, an unialgal culture was set and used for a morphological characterization but, unfortunatel ...
DOI:
10.1080/00318884.2021.1991685

51. Comparison of taxonomic and size-based approaches to determine the effects of environment and disturbance on invertebrate communities in coastal Chile

Author:
C. Coccia; M. Contreras-López; J.M. Farina; A.J. Green
Source:
Ecological indicators 2022 v.143 pp. 109356
ISSN:
1470-160X
Subject:
body size; climate change; coasts; community structure; ecosystems; habitat destruction; invertebrates; multivariate analysis; salinity; species diversity; wetlands; Chile
Abstract:
... The frequency and intensity of extreme events in coastal wetlands is increasing due to climate change. These, in combination with other threats such as habitat loss, can have strong effects on the biodiversity and ecosystem services of coastal wetland ecosystems. Here we examined how traditional (community composition and taxonomic diversity) and alternative indices based on body size (size divers ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109356

52. Connectivity, diversity, and hybridization between two endemic fish species (Percilia spp.) in a complex temperate landscape

Author:
Francisca Valenzuela-Aguayo; Gregory R. McCracken; Gustavo Diaz; Aliro Manosalva; Evelyn Habit; Daniel E. Ruzzante
Source:
Conservation genetics 2022 v.23 no.1 pp. 23-33
ISSN:
1566-0621
Subject:
Percilia; conservation genetics; endangered species; fish; genetic relationships; genome; haplotypes; hybridization; indigenous species; landscapes; microsatellite repeats; mitochondria; watersheds; Chile
Abstract:
... The identification of closely related species with partially overlapping distributions is fundamental for effective conservation. Here we analyzed 28 sequenced microsatellites, mtDNA sequences, and morphological data, to describe the connectivity, genetic relationship, and distribution of Percilia gillissi and Percilia irwini, two endangered species inhabiting two contiguous watersheds in Chile (I ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10592-021-01400-y

53. Construction of 3D maps of vegetation indices retrieved from UAV multispectral imagery in forested areas

Author:
Juan Villacrés; Fernando A. Auat Cheein
Source:
Biosystems engineering 2022 v.213 pp. 76-88
ISSN:
1537-5110
Subject:
Pinus radiata; cameras; data collection; forest canopy; forests; fuel moisture index; landscapes; multispectral imagery; normal distribution; spectrometers; temperature; topography; trees; unmanned aerial vehicles; wind speed; Chile
Abstract:
... The construction of fuel moisture content (FMC) maps, as well as temperature, terrain topography, and wind speed maps, are essential for the development of fire susceptibility models in forested areas. Moisture distribution in tree canopies requires exploration and a three-dimensional representation. This paper presents the construction of FMC maps expressed as vegetation indices (VIs) in a point ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.11.025

54. Consumer attitudes toward dairy products from sheep and goats: A cross-continental perspective

Author:
Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez; Karen Tajonar; Giulia Foggi; Marcello Mele; Panagiotis Simitzis; Alexandros Mavrommatis; Eleni Tsiplakou; Md. Rezwanul Habib; Manuel Gonzalez-Ronquillo; Paula Toro-Mujica
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2022 pp. -
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
Internet; adults; animal welfare; climate change; correspondence analysis; dairy consumption; dairy science; education; employment; environmental impact; females; fresh cheeses; goats; industry; markets; milk; people; sheep; smell; supply chain; surveys; taste; Bangladesh; Chile; Denmark; Greece; Italy; Latin America; Mexico; Spain
Abstract:
... This study aimed to assess consumer knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions toward dairy products from sheep and goats. A web-based survey was conducted in Latin America (Mexico and Chile), Europe (Italy, Spain, Greece, and Denmark), and Asia (Bangladesh). From March to June 2021, adult participants answered an online survey available in 5 languages. In total, 1,879 surveys were completed. Categoric ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2022-21894

55. Continental shelf off northern Chilean Patagonia: A potential risk zone for the onset of Alexandrium catenella toxic bloom?

Author:
Camilo Rodríguez-Villegas; Rosa I. Figueroa; Iván Pérez-Santos; Carlos Molinet; Gonzalo S. Saldías; Sergio A. Rosales; Gonzalo Álvarez; Pamela Linford; Patricio A. Díaz
Source:
Marine pollution bulletin 2022 v.184 pp. 114103
ISSN:
0025-326X
Subject:
Alexandrium catenella; advection; continental shelf; humans; inoculum; marine pollution; neurotoxins; poisoning; poisonous algae; risk; saxitoxins; shellfish; socioeconomics; toxicity; Chile
Abstract:
... Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) pose a severe socio-economic problem worldwide. The dinoflagellate species Alexandrium catenella produces potent neurotoxins called saxitoxins (STXs) and its blooms are associated with the human intoxication named Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP). Knowing where and how these blooms originate is crucial to predict blooms. Most studies in the Chilean Patagonia, were foc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114103

56. Contrasting land-uses in two small river basins impact the colored dissolved organic matter concentration and carbonate system along a river-coastal ocean continuum

Author:
Elizabeth D. Curra-Sánchez; Carlos Lara; Marcela Cornejo-D'Ottone; Jorge Nimptsch; Mauricio Aguayo; Bernardo R. Broitman; Gonzalo S. Saldías; Cristian A. Vargas
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.806 pp. 150435
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Landsat; alkalinity; basins; coasts; color; environment; forests; freshwater; grasslands; humans; inorganic carbon; land use change; rivers; seawater; shellfish; spring; summer; watersheds; Chile
Abstract:
... Human activities have led to an increase in land use change, with effects on the structure and functioning of ecosystems. The impact of contrasting land uses along river basins on the concentration of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) reaching the coastal zone, and its relationship with the carbonate system of the adjacent coastal ocean, is poorly known. To understand the relationship betwee ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150435

57. Copper content in soils and litter from fruit orchards in Central Chile and its relationship with soil microbial activity

Author:
J. Tomás Schoffer; Humberto Aponte; Alexander Neaman; Luz María de la Fuente; Eduardo C. Arellano; Pilar M. Gil; Rosanna Ginocchio
Source:
Plant, Soil and Environment v.68 no.3 pp. 115-128
ISSN:
1214-1178
Subject:
cherries; copper; environment; fruit trees; fruits; microbial activity; pH; plant litter; plums; protective effect; table grapes; toxicity; Chile
Abstract:
... This study assessed both the soil and litter copper (Cu) levels and their relationships with soil microbial activity, in fruit-tree production areas of central Chile where Cu-based pesticides are intensively sprayed. Samples of soil (0–20 cm depth) and litter from a number of selected orchards (kiwi, table grape, plum, and cherry) were collected and analysed for their Cu content and C-induced soil ...
DOI:
10.17221/281/2021-pse

58. Cost–benefit analysis of coal plant repurposing in developing countries: A case study of India

Author:
Abhinav Jindal; Gireesh Shrimali
Source:
Energy policy 2022 v.164 pp. 112911
ISSN:
0301-4215
Subject:
batteries; capital; case studies; climate change; coal; cost benefit analysis; energy; energy policy; solar energy; Chile; India; South Africa
Abstract:
... In the context of climate change, developing countries with sizeable coal capacities; such as South Africa, Chile and India; are exploring coal plants retirements by repurposing them for productive uses. However, a framework to establish the economic rationale for repurposing does not exist. We develop a detailed cost-benefit framework for the same; for three applications – solar energy, battery e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112911

59. Crustal Structure of the Incoming Iquique Ridge Offshore Northern Chile

Author:
E. K. Myers; E. C. Roland; A. M. Tréhu; K. Davenport; the PICTURES group
Source:
Journal of geophysical research 2022 v.127 no.2 pp. e2021JB023169
ISSN:
2169-9313
Subject:
earthquakes; evolution; geophysics; models; research; seamounts; sediments; subduction; tomography; Chile
Abstract:
... The Peru‐Chile subduction zone hosts M > 8 earthquakes as well as multiple ridges on the downgoing Nazca plate, making this region well suited for investigating the formation, evolution, and potential impacts of subducting features on seismogenesis. To evaluate the physical properties and structural variability of the Iquique Ridge offshore northern Chile, we present a P wave velocity model of the ...
DOI:
10.1029/2021JB023169

60. Cryptosporidium species in non-human animal species in Latin America: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Author:
Flávia Terumi Nakashima; Ana Beatriz Monteiro Fonseca; Luiz Fernando de Oliveira Coelho; Alynne da Silva Barbosa; Otilio Machado Pereira Bastos; Claudia Maria Antunes Uchôa
Source:
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports 2022 v.29 pp. 100690
ISSN:
2405-9390
Subject:
Cryptosporidium parvum; Protozoa; cryptosporidiosis; digestive tract; livestock; meta-analysis; parasites; species identification; statistical models; systematic review; veterinary parasitology; zoonoses; Argentina; Brazil; Chile; Colombia; Latin America; Mexico
Abstract:
... Cryptosporidiosis is an infection caused by a protozoon that inhabits the gastrointestinal tract. More than forty valid species have been described in the genus Cryptosporidium, infecting a broad range of hosts around the world, some with zoonotic transmission and others with predominant anthroponotic transmission. Prevalence studies conducted in Latin American countries have been specific, withou ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vprsr.2022.100690

61. Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in wild rodents: using occupancy models to estimate drivers of occurrence and prevalence in native forest and exotic Pinus radiata plantations from Central Chile

Author:
José Infante; Maira Riquelme; Natalia Huerta; Sofía Oettinger; Fernando Fredes; Javier A. Simonetti; André V. Rubio
Source:
Acta tropica 2022 v.235 pp. 106635
ISSN:
0001-706X
Subject:
Cryptosporidium; Giardia; Oligoryzomys longicaudatus; Pinus radiata; adults; forestry; forests; habitats; landscapes; oocysts; parasites; parasitism; probability; rodents; small mammals; species richness; spring; winter; zoonoses; Chile
Abstract:
... The conversion of native forest to forestry plantations is a worldwide practice, affecting biodiversity and host-parasite interactions. One of the most common timber plantations in the world are monocultures of Monterey pine (Pinus radiata). Using occupancy models, we analyzed the occurrence and prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and Giardia spp. cysts in fecal samples of wild rodents from ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106635

62. Current threats faced by amphibian populations in the southern cone of South America

Author:
Federico Pablo Kacoliris; Igor Berkunsky; Juan Carlos Acosta; Rodrigo Acosta; María Gabriela Agostini; Mauricio Sebastián Akmentins; María Luz Arellano; Claudio Azat; Nadia Carla Bach; Graciela Mirta Blanco; Rodrigo Calvo; Andrés Charrier; Valeria Corbalán; Claudio Correa; María Elena Cuello; Camila Deutsch; Diego Di-Pietro; María Soledad Gastón; Rodrigo Gómez-Alés; Camila Kass; Nicolás Kass; Gabriel Lobos; Tomás Agustín Martínez; Tomás Martínez-Aguirre; Marta Mora; Rodrigo Nieva-Cocilio; Hernán Pastore; Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias; Lía Piaggio-Kokot; Felipe Rabanal; Melina Jesús Rodriguez-Muñoz; Laura Cecilia Sanchez; Charif Tala; Carmen Úbeda; Marcos Vaira; Melina Alicia Velasco; Marcela Vidal; Jorge Daniel Williams
Source:
Journal for nature conservation 2022 v.69 pp. 126254
ISSN:
1617-1381
Subject:
Neotropics; amphibians; correspondence analysis; habitat conservation; habitats; invasive species; questionnaires; Argentina; Chile
Abstract:
... In this work, we update and increase knowledge on the severity and extent of threats affecting 57 populations of 46 amphibian species from Chile and Argentina in southern South America. We analyzed the intrinsic conservation problems that directly impact these populations. We shared a questionnaire among specialists on threats affecting target amphibian populations with information on i) range, ii ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126254

63. DNA Analysis of the Lectotype Specimen of Ulva nematoidea Bory (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) Determines Its Synonymy with Ulva lactuca L.

Author:
Jeffery R. Hughey; Paul W. Gabrielson
Source:
Cryptogamie 2022 v.43 no.7 pp. 117-124
ISSN:
1776-0984
Subject:
DNA; Ulva lactuca; lectotypes; Chile; Mexico; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... Ulva nematoidea Bory is a currently accepted species distributed in the south eastern Pacific Ocean from Mexico to Chile. Its identity however remains unknown because no DNA sequences have been obtained from the type specimen. To determine its identity and taxonomic status, we performed high-throughput sequencing on a fragment of the lectotype specimen of U. nematoidea. Genetic analyses of the rbc ...
DOI:
10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2022v43a7

64. Data projections of the replacement ratios for the cohorts of retirees in Chile under different policy reforms

Author:
Carlos Madeira
Source:
Data in Brief 2022 v.44 pp. 108516
ISSN:
2352-3409
Subject:
data collection; education; gender; income; issues and policy; Chile
Abstract:
... This article provides five panel datasets for the projections of the mean replacement ratios of pension income relative to the worker's income. The time dimension is from year 2022 until 2055. The panel groups consider the gender, income and education of the workers. Furthermore, the variables consider different scenarios for the social security system: (1) a baseline with the current policies, (2 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.dib.2022.108516

65. Defining Spatial Conservation Priorities for the Andean Condor (Vultur gryphus)

Author:
Robert B. Wallace; Ariel Reinaga; Natalia Piland; Renzo Piana; F. Hernán Vargas; Rosa Elena Zegarra; Sergio Alvarado; Sebastián Kohn; Sergio A. Lambertucci; Pablo Alarcón; Diego Méndez; Fausto Sáenz-Jiménez; Francisco Ciri; José Álvarez; Fernando Angulo; Vanesa Astore; Jannet Cisneros; Jessica Gálvez-Durand; Rosa Vento; Celeste Cóndor; Víctor Escobar; Martín Funes; Alejandro Kusch; Adrián Naveda-Rodríguez; Claudia Silva; Galo Zapata-Ríos; Carolina Gargiulo; Sandra Gordillo; Javier Heredia; Rubén Morales; Alexander More; David Oehler; Oscar Ospina-Herrera; Andrés Ortega; José Antonio Otero; Carlos Silva; Guillermo Wiemeyer; Lorena Zurita
Source:
Journal of raptor research 2022 v.56 no.1 pp. 1-16
ISSN:
0892-1016
Subject:
Vultur gryphus; birds of prey; expert opinion; wildlife; Andes region; Argentina; Bolivia; Chile; Colombia; Ecuador; Peru; Venezuela
Abstract:
... The Andean Condor (Vultur gryphus) is a culturally iconic wildlife symbol for the South American Andes, but is naturally found at very low population densities, and is increasingly threatened. Using the Range Wide Priority Setting methodology, we (a group of 38 Andean Condor experts) updated the Andean Condor historical range (3,230,061 km²), systematized 9998 Andean Condor distribution points acr ...
DOI:
10.3356/JRR-20-59

66. Desalinated drinking-water provision in water-stressed regions: challenges of consumer-perception and environmental impact lessons from Antofagasta, Chile

Author:
M. Šteflová; S. H. A. Koop; M. C. Fragkou; H. Mees
Source:
International journal of water resources development 2022 v.38 no.5 pp. 742-765
ISSN:
1360-0648
Subject:
desalination; drinking water; energy; environmental impact; governance; water; water quality; water stress; water supply; water use efficiency; Chile
Abstract:
... Desalination is increasingly popular for ensuring potable water. Using the City Blueprint Approach methodology in Antofagasta, Chile, we identify the barriers, opportunities and transferable lessons that can enhance governance capacity towards the successful implementation of desalination. Antofagasta’s desalinization programme is associated with negative water-quality perceptions, environmental i ...
DOI:
10.1080/07900627.2021.1898346

67. Description of a new Chilean species of Cafius Stephens, 1829 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)

Author:
In-Seong Yoo; Kee-Jeong Ahn
Source:
Pan-Pacific entomologist 2022 v.98 no.2 pp. 110-115
ISSN:
0031-0603
Subject:
Staphylinidae; coasts; entomologists; macroalgae; new species; New Zealand
Abstract:
... Cafius chilensis sp. nov. is described from the Chilean coast. Adults of the new species were collected under seaweed and are similar to those of C. algophilusBroun, 1894 and C. maritimus (Broun, 1880) from the New Zealand coast. Morphological comparison for these three species is presented. A description, SEM and habitus photographs, and illustrations of diagnostic characters of the new species a ...
DOI:
10.3956/2022-98.2.110

68. Determination of Cabernet Sauvignon wine quality parameters in Chile by Absorbance-Transmission and fluorescence Excitation Emission Matrix (A-TEEM) spectroscopy

Author:
Doreen Schober; Adam Gilmore; Linxi Chen; Jorge Zincker; Alvaro Gonzalez
Source:
Food chemistry 2022 v.392 pp. 133101
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
absorbance; chemistry; fluorescence; food chemistry; industrial applications; prediction; quantitative analysis; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; wine industry; wine quality; wines; Chile
Abstract:
... A-TEEM spectroscopy is presented as a novel rapid quantitative analysis method for 44 individual phenolic and basic wine chemistry compounds. To date no practical and combined analysis method for these recognized quality parameters important to the wine industry exists. The method was implemented in a Lambert-Beer linear concentration range to facilitate traceable absorbance and fluorescence spect ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133101

69. Development of a Model for the Implementation of the Circular Economy in Desert Coastal Regions

Author:
Mayuki Cabrera-González; Fernando Ramonet; Michael Harasek
Source:
Land 2022 v.11 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-445X
Subject:
anaerobic digestion; biofuels; circular economy; desalination; dry environmental conditions; energy; food production; freshwater; governance; hydrogels; hydroponics; land; macroalgae; microalgae; organic wastes; rain; sludge; solar energy; summer; waste management; wastewater; Chile; Mexico
Abstract:
... Food production is the main challenge for developing arid regions due to the restricted access to fresh water. This study combines the environmental know-how of two coastal desert regions on the American continent with similar geographical characteristics to propose a general model for a circular economy in stressed environmental conditions. The Atacama Desert, located in Chile, is the driest plac ...
DOI:
10.3390/land11091506

70. Diet quality during the COVID-19 pandemic: Effects of workplace support for families and work-to-family enrichment in dual-earner parents with adolescent children

Author:
Berta Schnettler; Ligia Orellana; Edgardo Miranda-Zapata; Mahia Saracostti; Héctor Poblete; Germán Lobos; Cristian Adasme-Berríos; María Lapo
Source:
Appetite 2022 v.169 pp. 105823
ISSN:
0195-6663
Subject:
COVID-19 infection; adolescents; appetite; females; food quality; models; pandemic; working conditions; Chile
Abstract:
... Organizational support goes beyond the work domain, supporting workers' family role and thus generating resources that lead to work-to-family enrichment. Workers may invest these resources in improving their, and their family's, diet quality. However, data on the link between work resources, enrichment and diet quality during the COVID-19 pandemic is still emerging. The present study contributes t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.appet.2021.105823

71. Differences in early seasonal growth efficiency and productivity of eucalyptus genotypes

Author:
Thiago Wendling Gonçalves de Oliveira; Rafael Rubilar; Carlos Roberto Sanquetta; Ana Paula Dalla Corte; Alex Medina; Oscar Mardones; Veronica Emhart; Juan Jose Quiroga; Hector Valenzuela; Daniel Bozo
Source:
New forests 2022 v.53 no.5 pp. 811-829
ISSN:
0169-4286
Subject:
Eucalyptus globulus; carbon; climate; developmental stages; genotype; irrigation; leaf area index; sandy soils; seasonal growth; spring; summer; timber production; winter; wood volume; Chile
Abstract:
... Understanding the changes in early growth efficiency (GE, growth/leaf area) may improve forest production through the selection of appropriate genotypes at early stages. We investigated different early growth responses of genotypes of Eucalyptus globulus (7), E. nitens (3), and E. nitens × E globulus (E. gloni) (7) in south-central Chile. To evaluate seasonal growth, plants of each genotype were e ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11056-021-09888-5

72. Discrete Typing Units of Trypanosoma cruzi Identified by Real-Time PCR in Peripheral Blood and Dejections of Triatoma infestans Used in Xenodiagnosis Descriptive Study

Author:
Inés Zulantay; Gabriela Muñoz; Daniela Liempi; Tamara Rozas; María José Manneschi; Catalina Muñoz-San Martín; Carezza Botto-Mahan; Werner Apt; Gonzalo Cabrera
Source:
Pathogens 2022 v.11 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-0817
Subject:
Chagas disease; Triatoma infestans; Trypanosoma cruzi; blood; coevolution; descriptive studies; host-parasite relationships; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; xenodiagnosis; zoonoses; Chile
Abstract:
... Chagas disease (ChD) is a vector zoonosis native to the American continent caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi; the biological vectors are multiple species of hematophagous insects of the family Triatominae. A relevant aspect in the host–parasite relationship is the identification of the various genotypes of T. cruzi called discrete typing units (DTU) that circulate in mammals and v ...
DOI:
10.3390/pathogens11070787

73. Disentangling factors controlling earthquake-triggered soft-sediment deformation in lakes

Author:
Ariana Molenaar; Maarten Van Daele; Jyh-Jaan Steven Huang; Michael Strasser; Marc De Batist; Mario Pino; Roberto Urrutia; Jasper Moernaut
Source:
Sedimentary geology 2022 v.438 pp. 106200
ISSN:
0037-0738
Subject:
basins; deformation; energy; geophysics; lakes; liquefaction; lithology; sediments; Chile
Abstract:
... In-situ soft sediment deformation structures (SSDS) are commonly used as paleoseismic indicators in marine and lacustrine sedimentary records. Earthquake-related shear can deform sediment in the shallow subsurface through Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The SSDS related to Kelvin-Helmholtz instability have been used to quantify shaking strength of past earthquakes. However, the relative importance o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sedgeo.2022.106200

74. Disentangling the effect of sea temperature and stocking density on sea louse abundance using wavelets in a highly infested salmon farming area

Author:
Rodrigo M. Montes; Renato A. Quiñones; Cristian Gallardo-Escárate
Source:
Aquaculture 2022 v.546 pp. 737246
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Caligus rogercresseyi; females; fish farms; marine ecosystems; models; salmon; surface water temperature; temporal variation; time series analysis; variance; wavelet; Chile
Abstract:
... Sea louse infestations are threatening the sustainability of the salmon farm industry worldwide; the southern marine ecosystem of Chile is one of the most affected areas. A highly infested management area located in the Los Lagos Region (42.5°S) has been regularly affected by Caligus rogercresseyi outbreaks during the spring-summer period since 2012. In this study, the effect of salmon stocking de ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737246

75. Distribution and ecology of wild lettuces Lactuca serriola L. and Lactuca virosa L. in central Chile

Author:
Aleš Lebeda; Eva Křístková; Colin K. Khoury; Daniel Carver; Chrystian C. Sosa
Source:
Hacquetia 2022 v.21 no.1 pp. 173-186
ISSN:
1854-9829
Subject:
Hacquetia; Lactuca serriola; Lactuca virosa; germplasm conservation; urbanization; Chile
Abstract:
... Wild lettuces (Lactuca L.) provide valuable genetic resources for crop breeding, but are also significant invasive weeds. We explored the distributions, habitats, and ecological characteristics of populations of wild Lactuca species in central Chile. We documented two species – Lactuca serriola L. (prickly lettuce) and Lactuca virosa L. (opium/bitter lettuce) in 204 localities. These observations ...
DOI:
10.2478/hacq-2021-0019

76. Distribution of PAHs and trace elements in Spartina densiflora and associated sediments from low to highly contaminated South American estuarine saltmarshes

Author:
Mirta L. Menone; Mauricio Díaz-Jaramillo; Francesca Mitton; Daniela S. Garanzini; Patricia Gomes Costa; Leonardo Lupi; Germán Lukaszewicz; Mariana Gonzalez; Solange Jara; Karina S.B. Miglioranza; Gilberto Fillmann; Ricardo O. Barra
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.842 pp. 156783
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Spartina densiflora; environment; environmental monitoring; estuaries; humans; phytoremediation; pollution; salt marshes; Argentina; Brazil; Chile
Abstract:
... Estuarine saltmarshes from South America are exposed to several anthropogenic impacts due to diverse human activities that occur in both Atlantic/Pacific coastal environments. Primarily, chemical and petrochemical industries negatively impact saltmarshes generating inputs/deposition of non-essential trace elements (NTEs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments. The native cordgras ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156783

77. Distribution of phycotoxins in Última Esperanza Province during the PROFAN expedition 2019

Author:
Kristof Möller; Marco Pinto-Torres; Jorge I. Mardones; Bernd Krock
Source:
Progress in oceanography 2022 v.206 pp. 102851
ISSN:
0079-6611
Subject:
Alexandrium; Dinophysis; aquaculture; domoic acid; lipophilicity; oceanography; public health; saxitoxins; shellfish; yessotoxin; Chile
Abstract:
... Harmful Algae Blooms pose an increasing threat to the public health and economic stability of Southern Chile, particularly to the aquaculture industries. This fieldwork performed during the PROFAN expedition from 12th to 22nd November 2019 extends the knowledge on the distribution of marine toxin-producing species in the difficult to access Última Esperanza Province in the Magallanes Region. Paral ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102851

78. Does an Environmental Disaster Influence the Tourists’ Willingness to Pay for a Wetland? The case of the Cruces River Wetland in Southern Chile

Author:
Andrea Báez-Montenegro; Rodrigo Echeverría; Eugenia Sepúlveda; Valentina Calcagni
Source:
Wetlands 2022 v.42 no.7 pp. 82
ISSN:
0277-5212
Subject:
contingent valuation; educational status; factor analysis; income; prices; regression analysis; rivers; socioeconomic development; wetlands; willingness to pay; Chile
Abstract:
... This study examined tourists’ perceptions of the Río Cruces wetland in Chile, a Ramsar wetland that suffered severe environmental damage in 2004, and their willingness to pay (WTP) to visit it. It was hypothesized that knowledge that an environmental disaster has occurred in the wetland is a relevant factor in the economic valuation that tourists give to the wetland. A factor analysis was used to ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13157-022-01600-3

79. Does climate change influence the current and future projected distribution of an endangered species? The case of the southernmost bumblebee in the world

Author:
Carolina L. Morales; Jose Montalva; Marina P. Arbetman; Marcelo A. Aizen; Aline C. Martins; Daniel Paiva Silva
Source:
Journal of insect conservation 2022 v.26 no.2 pp. 257-269
ISSN:
1366-638X
Subject:
Bombus dahlbomii; climate change; endangered species; geographical distribution; insects; Argentina; Chile
Abstract:
... INTRODUCTION: Cold-adapted bumblebees are vulnerable to climate change (CC). South American Bombus dahlbomii, the southernmost bumblebee worldwide, has strongly declined since the 1990s and may be particularly susceptible to current and future CC. AIMS/METHODS: We asked (1) whether current CC had a role in the observed decline of this species and (2) how projected CC would affect the future distri ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10841-022-00384-5

80. Dynamics of southern beech (Nothofagaceae) stands in the lowland North Island of New Zealand

Author:
Aidan Rowlingson; Selwyn R. June; Christopher H. Lusk
Source:
New Zealand journal of botany 2022 v.60 no.3 pp. 227-254
ISSN:
1175-8643
Subject:
Fagus; Nothofagaceae; Weinmannia; botany; climate; dieback; forest dynamics; insects; lithology; nitrogen; shade tolerance; soil; windthrow; Chile; New Zealand
Abstract:
... In south-central Chile, the dynamics of southern beech (Nothofagaceae) stands vary predictably along climatic gradients. Beeches form persistent stands at high elevations, but their establishment on lowland sites depends mainly on catastrophic disturbances. In New Zealand, nearly all studies of beech forest dynamics to date have reported all-sized, persistent populations. However, previous work ha ...
DOI:
10.1080/0028825X.2021.1998143

81. Early detection of an invasive harvestman in an oceanic island? Remarkable findings of Parabalta reedii (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) in the Juan Fernández archipelago, Chile

Author:
Abel Pérez-González; Darko D. Cotoras; Luis E. Acosta
Source:
Studies on neotropical fauna and environment 2022 v.57 no.1 pp. 43-50
ISSN:
1744-5140
Subject:
Neotropics; Opiliones; arthropods; environment; fauna; indigenous species; invasive species; Chile
Abstract:
... The Juan Fernández islands (Chile) are a volcanic archipelago, 670 km away from the continent. Arachnids still remain understudied in those islands. We report the first two records of Parabalta reedii (Butler, 1874)) (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) from the Robinson Crusoe Island. One specimen was collected near San Juan Bautista town (in 2011), while a population was documented in 2020, in secondary fo ...
DOI:
10.1080/01650521.2020.1809611

82. Ecological features of exotic Vespula wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) invading the southernmost UNESCO Biosphere Reserve

Author:
Javier Rendoll-Cárcamo; Peter Convey; Melisa Gañán; Alan Maldonado-Márquez; Luna Menares Zúñiga; Tamara Contador
Source:
Biological invasions 2022 v.24 no.7 pp. 2103-2112
ISSN:
1387-3547
Subject:
Syrphidae; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Vespula vulgaris; conservation areas; crane flies; invasive species; shrublands; Chile
Abstract:
... Invasive alien species may cause substantial changes and damaging impacts. Here, we document the current distribution and ecological interactions with native biota of relatively recently introduced wasps, Vespula vulgaris and V. germanica, in the southern part of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (CHBR) in southern Chile. We conducted field studies in four different habitats on Navarino Island: ever ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10530-022-02765-y

83. Economic valuation of the commercial aquaculture of Sarcopeltis skottsbergii in Southern Chile

Author:
Sergio Zuniga-Jara; Karla Soria-Barreto; Dafny Godoy-Alfaro
Source:
Journal of applied phycology 2022 v.34 no.5 pp. 2645-2655
ISSN:
0921-8971
Subject:
Rhodophyta; algology; aquaculture; bioeconomic models; biomass; carrageenan; economic feasibility; economic valuation; prices; Chile
Abstract:
... In this study we analyze the economic feasibility of commercial cultivation of Sarcopeltis skottsbergii, a red seaweed endemic in southern Chile with commercial interest as a source of carrageenan. To this end, a dynamic bioeconomic model was built that comprises three submodels, namely, a biological, a technical, and an economic one. The cultivation was by using a method where they are hung in th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10811-022-02710-5

84. Effect of Residue Incorporation on Wheat Grain and Plant Nutrients during a Four-Year Rotation of Canola-Wheat and Bean-Wheat Crops

Author:
Juan Hirzel; P. Undurraga; L. León; I. Matus
Source:
Communications in soil science and plant analysis 2022 v.53 no.16 pp. 2054-2063
ISSN:
1532-2416
Subject:
Brassica napus; Phaseolus vulgaris; Triticum aestivum; agricultural conservation practice; beans; calcium; canola; grain yield; magnesium; nitrogen; phosphorus; plant analysis; potassium; sulfur; volcanic soils; wheat; Chile
Abstract:
... Conservation agriculture with use of crop rotations and residue management provides many benefits to the soil and environment, which vary depending on climatic and soil conditions, crops between of the rotation, and the amount of incorporated residue. The present study evaluated the effect of two medium-term of canola (Brassica napus L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ...
DOI:
10.1080/00103624.2022.2070194

85. Effect of Temperature on the Germination of Five Coastal Provenances of Nothofagus glauca (Phil.) Krasser, the Most Representative Species of the Mediterranean Forests of South America

Author:
Rómulo E. Santelices-Moya; Marta González Ortega; Manuel Acevedo Tapia; Eduardo Cartes Rodríguez; Antonio M. Cabrera-Ariza
Source:
Plants 2022 v.11 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Nothofagus glauca; climate change; drought; energy; geographical distribution; seed germination; temperature; vigor; vulnerable species; Chile; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... Temperature is one of the most important abiotic factors affecting seed germination, and it is strongly influenced by local site conditions. Seeds of Nothofagus glauca, an endemic and vulnerable species of the Mediterranean region of Chile and the most representative of the Mediterranean forests of South America, were collected. In this study, we evaluated the effect of temperature on different ge ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants11030297

86. Effect of UV-radiation on the physiology of the invasive green seaweed Codium fragile and its associated bacteria

Author:
Eva Rothäusler; Sergey Dobretsov; María Fernanda Gómez; David Jofré-Madariaga; Martin Thiel; Karina Véliz; Fadia Tala
Source:
Marine environmental research 2022 v.180 pp. 105708
ISSN:
0141-1136
Subject:
Codium fragile; antioxidant activity; invasive species; littoral zone; macroalgae; photoinhibition; research; thallus; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... Invasive species such as seaweeds often have a broad tolerance, allowing them to colonize novel habitats. During invasion, also new epibacteria can be formed on seaweeds, which have important chemo-ecological effects. Since UV-radiation (UVR) is one of the main factors affecting seaweeds and their epibacteria, we tested its effect on intertidal and subtidal thalli of the invasive seaweed Codium fr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105708

87. Effect of acetylsalicylic acid and ammonium sulphate on productive and physiological parameters in Stipa caudata under water shortage conditions

Author:
Julio MOLINA; Sara GONZÁLEZ-ORENGA; Oscar VICENTE; Monica BOSCAIU; Josep V. LLINARES; Francisco ZAMBRANO; Claudia SANTIBÁÑEZ
Source:
Notulae botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 2022 v.50 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
1842-4309
Subject:
Stipa; ammonium sulfate; aspirin; chlorophyll; climate; experimental design; flavonoids; fuel production; grasses; irrigation; osmotolerance; proline; rain; soil restoration; water shortages; water stress; Argentina; Chile
Abstract:
... Stipa caudata is a grass native to low rainfall areas in Argentina and Chile, considered an excellent potential candidate for biofuel production or soil restoration programmes. This study aimed at analysing the effects of ammonium sulphate (AMS) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on the productivity and biochemical traits of plants of this species under water scarcity conditions. The experimental work ...
DOI:
10.15835/nbha50112645

88. Effect of forest landscapes composition and configuration on bird community and its functional traits in a hotspot of biodiversity of Chile

Author:
Fulgencio Lisón; Camilo Matus-Olivares; Ernesto Troncoso; German Catalán; María V. Jiménez-Franco
Source:
Journal for nature conservation 2022 v.68 pp. 126227
ISSN:
1617-1381
Subject:
agroforestry; birds; ecosystems; frugivores; granivores; insectivores; landscapes; natural resources conservation; piscivores; species richness; Chile
Abstract:
... Understanding the effect of landscape configuration on the bird species richness and their functional traits (dietary preferences) is important to link the conservation and restoration plans to the production of the crops. Our aims were: 1) to study the influence of forest types (native, mixed and plantations) on the bird species richness in two agroforestry landscapes (heterogeneous/homogeneous); ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126227

89. Effects of Gamma Irradiation on the Fecundity, Fertility, and Longevity of the Invasive Stink Bug Pest Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Author:
Massimo Cristofaro; René F. H. Sforza; Gerardo Roselli; Alessandra Paolini; Alessia Cemmi; Sergio Musmeci; Gianfranco Anfora; Valerio Mazzoni; Michael Grodowitz
Source:
Insects 2022 v.13 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
Bagrada hilaris; Brassicaceae; agroecosystems; biological control; eggs; fecundity; gamma radiation; insect pests; invasive species; irradiation; life history; longevity; parasitoids; spermatozoa; sterile insect technique; Africa; Asia; Chile; Italy; Mediterranean region; Middle East
Abstract:
... The bagrada bug, Bagrada hilaris, is an invasive insect pest in the family Brassicaceae that causes economically important damage to crops. It was originally present in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, and was reported as invasive in the southwestern part of the US, in Chile, and on a few islands in the Mediterranean Basin. In its native range, B. hilaris is controlled by several egg parasitoid ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects13090787

90. Effects of altitude on soil properties in coastal fog ecosystems in Morro Moreno National Park, Antofagasta, Chile

Author:
Bárbara Fuentes; Francisco Gómez; Catalina Valdez; Anael Videla; Juan Castro‐Severyn; Sergio Barahona; Roland Bol; Rodrigo Riquelme; Javier Quispe; Francisco Remonsellez
Source:
European journal of soil science 2022 v.73 no.1 pp. e13217
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
Actinobacteria; Ascomycota; Bacteroidetes; Basidiomycota; altitude; biodiversity; calcium oxide; climate change; coasts; ecosystems; electrical conductivity; fungal communities; microbiome; national parks; organic carbon; organic phosphorus; pH; relative humidity; soil organic matter; soil properties; temperature; total phosphorus; Chile
Abstract:
... Rare Pacific coast fog ecosystems are under threat from climate change and local factors. Although coastal fog is known to affect soil properties and microbial diversity, few studies on the Pacific coast have examined the specific microbiomes associated with these ecosystems. We evaluated the effects of coastal fog on the physicochemical, mineralogical, and microbiological properties of bare soils ...
DOI:
10.1111/ejss.13217

91. Effects of four irrigation regimes on yield, fruit quality, plant water status, and water productivity in a furrow-irrigated red raspberry orchard

Author:
Samuel Ortega-Farias; Sergio Espinoza Meza; Rafael López-Olivari; Miguel Araya-Alman; Marcos Carrasco-Benavides
Source:
Agricultural water management 2022 v.273 pp. 107885
ISSN:
0378-3774
Subject:
Rubus idaeus; drought; evapotranspiration; fruit quality; fruit weight; fruits; orchards; raspberries; titratable acidity; water potential; water stress; Chile
Abstract:
... Due to drought intensification in Mediterranean-type climates, raspberry growers need to implement irrigation scheduling to save water without decreases in yield and fruit quality. A study was performed to evaluate the effects of four irrigation levels on yield (Y), fruit number (FM²), fruit weight (FW), water productivity (WP), fruit quality (titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), weight t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107885

92. Effects of landscape configuration on the occurrence and abundance of an arboreal marsupial from the Valdivian rainforest

Author:
Victoria P. Fernández; Gloria B. Rodríguez-Gómez; Dimas A. Molina-Marín; Gabriel J. Castaño-Villa; Francisco E. Fontúrbel
Source:
Revista chilena de historia natural 2022 v.95 no.1 pp. 3
ISSN:
0717-6317
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Microbiotheria; animals; biodiversity; cameras; deforestation; fauna; forest conservation; habitat connectivity; habitat destruction; habitat fragmentation; landscapes; rain forests; Chile
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Habitat fragmentation and degradation processes affect biodiversity by reducing habitat quantity and quality, with differential effects on the resident species. However, their consequences are not always noticeable as some ecological processes affected involve idiosyncratic responses among different animal groups. The Valdivian temperate rainforests of southern Chile are experiencing a ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40693-022-00107-9

93. Effects of temperature on the innate immune response on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic fish Harpagifer antarcticus and Harpagifer bispinis challenged with two immunostimulants, LPS and Poly I:C: In vivo and in vitro approach

Author:
Julia Saravia; Kurt Paschke; Juan Pablo Pontigo; Daniela Nualart; Jorge M. Navarro; Luis Vargas-Chacoff
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2022 v.130 pp. 391-408
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Harpagifer; adults; anthropogenic activities; climate change; cold; fish; gene expression; geographical distribution; immune response; immunostimulants; indigenous species; innate immunity; interleukin-8; kidneys; polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid; shellfish; temperature; thermal stress; transcription factor NF-kappa B; Antarctic region; Antarctica; Chile
Abstract:
... Rising ocean temperatures due to climate change combined with the intensification of anthropogenic activity can drive shifts in the geographic distribution of species, with the risks of introducing new diseases. In a changing environment, new host-pathogen interactions or changes to existing dynamics represent a major challenge for native species at high latitudes. Notothenioid fish constitute a u ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2022.09.025

94. Emergent trophic interactions following the Chinook salmon invasion of Patagonia

Author:
Nicolas J. Muñoz; Brian Reid; Cristian Correa; Ruben Isaí Madriz; Bryan D. Neff; John D. Reynolds
Source:
Ecosphere 2022 v.13 no.2 pp. e3910
ISSN:
2150-8925
Subject:
Calliphoridae; Chironomidae; Lycalopex culpaeus; Mus musculus; Neovison vison; Oligoryzomys longicaudatus; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Passeriformes; Rattus rattus; Salmo trutta; birds; cameras; forests; foxes; insectivores; invertebrates; midges; mink; riparian areas; salmon; streams; trout; Argentina; Chile; North America
Abstract:
... In their native range, Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) have strong interactions with a multitude of species due to the annual pulse of marine‐derived nutrients that they deliver to streams and forests when they spawn and die. Over the past few decades, Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) has established non‐native populations throughout the Patagonia region of southern South America. Here ...
DOI:
10.1002/ecs2.3910

95. Endophytic fungi isolated from plants present in a mine tailing facility show a differential growth response to lead

Author:
R. Parada; L. Mendoza; M. Cotoras; C. Ortiz
Source:
Letters in applied microbiology 2022 v.75 no.2 pp. 345-354
ISSN:
0266-8254
Subject:
Bjerkandera; Microdochium; Poa pratensis; Sarocladium; biomass production; endophytes; fungi; leachates; pH; phytoremediation; ribosomal DNA; Chile
Abstract:
... Plants growing in metal‐polluted sites can be a source of micro‐organisms suitable for bio‐assisted phytoremediation strategies. In this work, three endophytic fungi from the roots of Poa stuckertii and Poa pratensis, two grasses that naturally colonize a Lead‐Zinc tailing storage facility in Southern Chile, were isolated and identified. The leachate of the tailing sands showed a Pb content of 1·3 ...
DOI:
10.1111/lam.13730

96. Energy planning policies for residential and commercial sectors under ambitious global and local emissions objectives: A Chilean case study

Author:
Francisco Ferrada; Frederic Babonneau; Tito Homem-de-Mello; Francisca Jalil-Vega
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2022 v.350 pp. 131299
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
air quality; case studies; cost effectiveness; electricity; energy; fuelwood; greenhouse gases; heat; markets; models; Chile
Abstract:
... Chile is currently engaged in an energy transition process to meet ambitious greenhouse gas reductions and improved air quality indices. In this paper, we apply a long-term energy planning model, with the objective of finding the set of technologies that meet strong reductions of CO2 emissions and of local PM2.5 concentrations. For this purpose, we use the existing ETEM-Chile (Energy-Technology-En ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131299

97. Energy poverty effects on policy-based PM2.5 emissions mitigation in southern and central Chile

Author:
Rubén Calvo; Nicolás Álamos; Nicolás Huneeus; Raúl O'Ryan
Source:
Energy policy 2022 v.161 pp. 112762
ISSN:
0301-4215
Subject:
air pollution; air quality; case studies; decontamination; energy; energy policy; energy poverty; fuelwood; heating systems; Chile
Abstract:
... Residential firewood burning is the main source of PM2.5 emissions in southern and central Chile. In Chile, approximately 4000 premature deaths are observed each year due to air pollution. Mitigation policies aim to reduce dwellings' energy demand and foster cleaner but more expensive energy sources. Pre-existing energy poverty conditions are often overlooked in these policies, even though they ca ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112762

98. Environmental and anthropogenic factors associated with the likelihood of detecting Salmonella in agricultural watersheds

Author:
Magaly Toro; Daniel Weller; Romina Ramos; Leonela Diaz; Francisca P. Alvarez; Angelica Reyes-Jara; Andrea I. Moreno-Switt; Jianghong Meng; Aiko D. Adell
Source:
Environmental pollution 2022 v.306 pp. 119298
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
Salmonella; humans; irrigation; irrigation water; latitude; pH; pollution; public health; rivers; summer; surface water; temperature; water treatment; winter; Chile
Abstract:
... Surface water is one of the primary sources of irrigation water for produce production; therefore, its contamination by foodborne pathogens, such as Salmonella, may substantially impact public health. In this study, we determined the presence of Salmonella in surface water and characterized the relationship between Salmonella detection and environmental and anthropogenic factors. From April 2019 t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119298

99. Environmental impact analysis of a Chilean organic wine through a life cycle assessment

Author:
Javier Letamendi; Eva Sevigne-Itoiz; Onesmus Mwabonje
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2022 v.371 pp. 133368
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
attributional life cycle assessment; energy; environmental impact; glass; recreation; viticulture; wine industry; winemaking; wines; Chile; Europe
Abstract:
... The food system is responsible for critical environmental problems around the world. The wine industry, having a global scale, is accountable for part of these impacts. Organic wines have been developing fast in the past decade, nevertheless there is still lack of research on this vitiviniculture practice, especially in productive countries outside Europe. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133368

100. Estimates of Effective Population Size in Commercial and Hatchery Strains of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum, 1792))

Author:
Victor Martinez; Phillip J. Dettleff; Nicolás Galarce; Cristian Bravo; Jessica Dorner; Robert N. Iwamoto; Kerry Naish
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Japan; Oncorhynchus kisutch; aquaculture; aquaculture industry; climate change; domestication; effective population size; genetic improvement; genetic variation; genome; genomics; hatcheries; Chile; North America
Abstract:
... Understanding the genetic status of aquaculture strains is essential for developing management guidelines aimed at sustaining the rates of genetic gain for economically important traits, as well as securing populations that will be robust to climate change. Coho salmon was the first salmonid introduced to Chile for commercial purposes and now comprises an essential component of the country’s aquac ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12050647